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• Preface
• Introduction
• Law and Lawlessness in Texts from Qumran / Lutz Doering
• Law and Lawlessness in the Enoch Literature / Grant Macaskill
• Paul : Within Judaism, Without Law / Joshua D. Garroway
• Origen and Augustine on Paul and the Law / Paula Fredriksen
• Weak and Useless? : Purity, the Mosaic Law, and Perfection in Hebrews / David M. Moffitt
• Against the Law : The Epistle of Barnabas and Torah Polemic in Early Christianity / David Lincicum
• The Ancient Church Orders : Early ecclesiastical law? / Paul F. Bradshaw
• Rabbis on Gentile Lawlessness : Three Midrashic Moments / Steven D. Fraade
• Law Corpora Compared : Early Collections of Monastic Rules and Rabbinic Literature / Michal Bar-Asher Siegal
• "By an immediate revelation ... by the voice of his own spirit to my soul" : A perspective from Reception History on the New Testament and Antinomianism / Christopher Rowland
• Law and Liberty : Circumcision Discourse from Galatia to Germany / Michael Peppard
• List of Contributors
• Index of Ancient Sources
• Index of Modern Authors
• Subject Index.

• Vorwort
• Forschungsgeschichte des apodiktischen Rechts
• Einleitung
• A. Alt : die Entdeckung des Apodiktischen Rechts
• Kasuistisches und Apodiktisches Recht
• A. Alt und die heutige Forschung
• Weitere Forschung
• Sprachliche Untersuchungen
• Altorientalischer Rechtskreis, Hethitische Staatsverträge
• Amphiktyonie
• E. Gerstenberger : "Sippenethos"
• G. Fohrer : "Lebens- und Verhaltensregeln"
• Heutiger Forschungsstand
• Fr. Crüsemann : "Bewahrung der Freiheit"
• Fr. Crüsemann : "Die Tora"
• E. Otto : "Ausdifferenzierung"
• B. S. Jackson : "Semiotik"
• Eun-Ae Lee : "Grundnormen"
• Zusammenfassung
• Untersuchung einer eigenständigen Herkunft
• Problem und These
• Historische Gründe
• Sprachhistorische Gründe
• Rechtsgeschichtliche Gründe
• Das geschichtliche Problem
• Bibel und Archäologie
• Die Geschichte Israels im 12. und 11. Jahrhundert
• Die Patriarchen
• Die Suche nach den historischen Patriarchen
• J. Assmann und die Patriarchen
• Ergebnis
• Die Historizität des Exodus?
• Bauern, Hirten und Nomaden
• Das sprachhistorische Problem (Quadratschrift, Dialekt, Textgeschichte)
• Das rechtshistorische Problem
• Die komparative Methode
• Recht in segmentären Gesellschaften
• Reziprozität
• Konfliktbeilegung durch Schlichtung
• Die "faktische Kraft des Normativen"
• Relativität des Rechts
• Ergebnis
• Zusammenfassung und Ergebnis (Späte Entstehung des apodiktischen Rechts)
• Historische Gründe
• Sprachliche Gründe
• Rechtsgeschichtliche Gründe
• Ergebnis
• Das apodiktische Recht als Verfassung
• Die Entwicklung der Menschenrechtsidee
• Die Menschenrechte als Individualrechte
• Amos
• Amos und die Menschenrechte
• Amos und das apodiktische Recht
• Die Entwicklung des Verfassungsgedankens
• Verfassungscharakter des apodiktischen Rechts
• Entstehungszeiten
• Legitimation
• Gottesbezug
• Vertragscharakter, Bund
• Grundrechtskatalog
• Hierarchie der Rechtsnormen
• Rechtswirklichkeit
• Geltendes Recht
• Ergebnis
• Literaturverzeichnis
• Register
• Namen- und Sachregister
• Bibelstellen in Auswahl.

Jewish law has a history stretching from the early period to the modern State of Israel, encompassing the Talmud, Geonic and later codifications, the Spanish Golden Age, medieval and modern response, the Holocaust and modern reforms. Fifteen distinct periods are separately studied in this volume, each one by a leading specialist, and the emphasis throughout is on the development of the institutions and sources of the law, providing teachers with the essential background material from which a variety of sources, from many different perspectives, may be taught. Most chapters are written to a common plan, with treatment of the political background of the period and the nature of Jewish judicial autonomy, the character (literary and legal) of the sources, the legal practice of the period, its principal authorities, and examples of characteristic features of the substantive law (especially in family law).
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Kerekh
• 1. (ḥeleḳ 2.). Tekufat Bet Rishon ʻad yesod maʻaleh.

• ḥeleḳ
• 1. Mi-teḳufat ha-geʼonim ʻad aḥare ha-Rambam.

• 1. Law of obligation and its guaranties.

• Biblical law / Raymond Westbrook
• Jewish law during the second Temple period / Daniela Piattelli and Bernard S. Jackson
• Samaritan halakhah / Michael Corinaldi
• Jewish law and Hellenistic legal practice in thelight of Greek papyri from Egypt / Joseph Mélèze Modrzejewski
• Jewish law during the Tannaitic period / Peretz Segal
• Jewish and Roman jurisdiction / Alfredo Mordechai Rabello
• The age of the Talmud / Berachyahu Lifshitz
• Halakhah and law in the period of the geonim / Gideon Libson
• Karaite Halakhah / Michael Corinaldi
• Jewish law in Spain and the halakhic activity of its scholars before 1300 / Eliav Shochetman
• Ashkenazim to 1300 / Avraham Grossman
• Toward sunrise in the East 1300-1565 / Stephen M. Passamaneck
• Jewish law from the Shulḥan Arukh to the enlightenment / Edward Fram
• Modern responsa : 1800 to the present / David Novak
• Jewish law in the state of Israel / Daniel Sinclair
• Postscript: The judicial process and the nature of Jewish law / Hanina Ben-Menahem.

Jewish law has a history stretching from the early period to the modern State of Israel, encompassing the Talmud, Geonic and later codifications, the Spanish Golden Age, medieval and modern response, the Holocaust and modern reforms. Fifteen distinct periods are separately studied in this volume, each one by a leading specialist, and the emphasis throughout is on the development of the institutions and sources of the law, providing teachers with the essential background material from which a variety of sources, from many different perspectives, may be taught. Most chapters are written to a common plan, with treatment of the political background of the period and the nature of Jewish judicial autonomy, the character (literary and legal) of the sources, the legal practice of the period, its principal authorities, and examples of characteristic features of the substantive law (especially in family law).
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part I. Concepts
• Legal essentialism
• Hierarchy and exclusivity
• Time and space
• Obligation and authority
• Intent and responsibility
• Retribution and control
• Part II. Practices
• Shifting from theory to practice
• Association and admission
• Covenant and initiation
• Officers and leaders
• Reproof and mediation
• Punishment and exclusion.

This book offers a novel approach for the study of law in the Judean Desert Scrolls, using the prism of legal theory. Following a couple of decades of scholarly consensus withdrawing from the "Essene hypothesis, " it proposes to revive the term, and suggests employing it for the sectarian movement as a whole, while considering the group that lived in Qumran as the Yahad. It further proposes a new suggestion for the emergence of the Yahad, based on the roles of the Examiner and the Instructor in the two major legal codes, the Damascus Document and the Community Rule. The understanding of Essene law is divided into concepts and practices, in order to emphasize the discrepancy between creed, rhetoric, and practices. The abstract exploration of notions such as time, space, obligation, intention, and retribution, is then compared against the realities of social practices, including admission, initiation, covenant, leadership, reproof, and punishment. The legal analysis yields several new suggestions for the study of the scrolls: first, Amihay proposes to rename the two strands of thought of Jewish law, formerly referred to as "nominalism" and "realism, " with the terms "legal essentialism" and "legal formalism." The two laws of admission in the Community Rule are distinguished as two different laws, one of an association for a group as a whole, the other as an admission of an individual. The law of reproof is proven to be an independent legal procedure, rather than a preliminary stage of prosecution. The methodological division in this study of thought and practice provides a nuanced approach for the study of law in general, and religious law in particular.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)