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• The administrative-command economy
• economic history of Russia to 1917
• war, communism and the new economic policy (1918-1928)
• the Soviet industrialization debate (1924-1928)
• creating the administrative-command system - planning, collectivization and war (1928-1945)
• the Soviet economy in the postwar era - optimism, stagnation, perestroika and breakup
• bureaucracy, planning, money and investment
• the administrative-command economy - management, labour and pricing
• foreign trade in the administrative-command economy
• the administrative-command economy - growth and performance
• performance continued - human capital, economic stability and the environment
• change of economic systems - reform and transistion
• perestroika - the last reform
• Russia and the CIS states - transition
• conclusions and prospects.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This text has been updated to focus on the radical changes which the former Soviet Union has recenly experienced - its reorganization and its transition from a planned to market economy, examining the history of the Soviet Union more succinctly than in previous editions. The main focus of this edition, however, is on Russia and the CIS states - the nature of their immediate Soviet past, the meaning of that past experience for current problems and policies, and the nature of contemporary working arrangements and outcomes. Designed for courses on the Soviet and post-Soviet economy or comparative economic systems, it offers comprehensive coverage on the subject, includes new performance data and the latest information on Russia and the CIS states, as well as stressing the increasing importance of trade.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part I: The assassination. I know that guy
• My turn for questioning
• Lee is dead
• Moscow panics
• Part II: Oswald in a worker's paradise. A suicide attempt
• Seeking a wife
• three years behind the Iron Curtain
• Part III: The Gregory connection. Oswald returns
• Seeking Pete
• "Paul meet Lee and Marina Oswald"
• My Russian tutor
• Lee lurks
• Hanging out
• The "Dallas Russians"
• Abuse
• Disagreements on Cuba
• Under surveillance
• From friends in Minsk
• A would-be pharmacist
• Dinner with Russians
• "Capitalism
• All for the rich!"
• A $35 paycheck
• Part IV: Lee wreaks havoc. As the good Samaritans look on
• My mistake
• "Outing" Lee
• Shooting General Walker
• The persecuted radical
• A visit to Dealey Plaza for myself
• Part V: Eyewitness to history. Pete gets the news
• The Oswald women
• "Marina, get a hold on yourself"
• A wary Marina
• Where is the money for little me?
• The FBI and Secret Service clash
• Marguerite's bayonet
• Wiretaps and winding down
• Defending "the boy"
• The Gregory's Christmas
• Part VI: Lone assassin? Did Oswald act alone?
• Oswald's motive
• Intelligence and means?
• Soul of a killer
• Why JFK?
• Epilogue.

"In The Oswalds, Paul Gregory--labeled by Robert Oswald as the 'only' friend of Lee Harvey Oswald and his soviet wife Marina--breaks nearly sixty years of silence to reveal how the soul of a killer took shape. Two hours after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, television cameras captured police escorting a suspect into Dallas police headquarters. Meanwhile in the student center at the University of Oklahoma, Gregory scanned the figure in a white, V-neck tee shirt and saw a battered yet recognizable face. Shocked, he said, 'I know that man.' In fact, he knew Lee and Marina better than almost anyone in America. Identified by the FBI as a 'known associate of LHO,' Gregory faced interrogations by the Secret Service and would later testify before the Warren Commission. Now, he offers readers the intimate details of his time spent within the inner world of Lee and Marina's young marriage in their rundown duplex in Fort Worth, Texas. His recollections include memories both casual and deadly serious, such as the dinner at his parents' house introducing Marina to the 'Dallas Russians,' a front-yard incident of spousal abuse, and Lee's attempt to assassinate a retired general. Gregory also recalls his father's role as Marina's translator and confidante in the first four days following the assassination, holed up at the Six Flags Inn with Marina, Lee's mother, and the Secret Service. As a scholar and skilled researcher, Gregory debunks the vast array of conspiracy theories with a candid assessment of the JFK assassination, demonstrating that Lee Harvey Oswald did it and did it alone--that the Oswald he once called a friend had the motive, the intelligence, and the means to be an assassin."

• Terror's human face
• Stalin : struggles and successes
• Agnessa : elite NKVD wife
• Maria : portrait of the new Soviet family
• Evgenia : luxury with a beast
• Adile : princess bride of Abkhazia
• Fekla : child of the kulaks
• Stalin : the storm descends
• Agnessa : crashing a funeral
• Stalin : launching the great terror
• Agnessa : the purge spreads far and wide
• Maria : a narrow escape
• Evgenia : socialist realist
• Adile : the master will not abandon us
• Fekla : becoming a Bolshevik
• Stalin : the master needs a scapegoat
• Agnessa : new year's eve with the Master
• Maria : wife of a traitor to the motherland
• Evgenia : losing everything
• Adile : return and arrest
• Fekla : face of the future
• Aftermath.

During the course of three decades, Joseph Stalin's Gulag, a vast network of forced labour camps and settlements, held many millions of prisoners. People in every corner of the Soviet Union lived in daily terror of imprisonment and execution. In researching the surviving threads of memoirs and oral reminiscences of five women victimised by the Gulag, Paul Gregory has stitched together a collection of stories from the female perspective, a view in short supply in the literature. Capturing the fear, paranoia, and unbearable hardship that were hallmarks of Stalin's Great Terror, Gregory relates the stories of these five women-from different social strata and regions-in vivid prose, from their pre-Gulag lives, through their struggles to survive in the repressive atmosphere of the late 1930s and early 1940s, to the difficulties facing the four who survived as they adjusted to life after the Gulag. These firsthand accounts illustrate how even the wrong word could become a crime against the state. Gregory begins with a synopsis of Stalin's rise to power, the roots of the Gulag, and the scheming and plotting that led to and persisted in one of the bloodiest, most egregious dictatorships of the twentieth century.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Terror's human face
• Stalin : struggles and successes
• Agnessa : elite NKVD wife
• Maria : portrait of the new Soviet family
• Evgenia : luxury with a beast
• Adile : princess bride of Abkhazia
• Fekla : child of the kulaks
• Stalin : the storm descends
• Agnessa : crashing a funeral
• Stalin : launching the great terror
• Agnessa : the purge spreads far and wide
• Maria : a narrow escape
• Evgenia : socialist realist
• Adile : the master will not abandon us
• Fekla : becoming a Bolshevik
• Stalin : the master needs a scapegoat
• Agnessa : new year's eve with the Master
• Maria : wife of a traitor to the motherland
• Evgenia : losing everything
• Adile : return and arrest
• Fekla : face of the future
• Aftermath.

During the course of three decades, Joseph Stalin's Gulag, a vast network of forced labour camps and settlements, held many millions of prisoners. People in every corner of the Soviet Union lived in daily terror of imprisonment and execution. In researching the surviving threads of memoirs and oral reminiscences of five women victimised by the Gulag, Paul Gregory has stitched together a collection of stories from the female perspective, a view in short supply in the literature. Capturing the fear, paranoia, and unbearable hardship that were hallmarks of Stalin's Great Terror, Gregory relates the stories of these five women-from different social strata and regions-in vivid prose, from their pre-Gulag lives, through their struggles to survive in the repressive atmosphere of the late 1930s and early 1940s, to the difficulties facing the four who survived as they adjusted to life after the Gulag. These firsthand accounts illustrate how even the wrong word could become a crime against the state. Gregory begins with a synopsis of Stalin's rise to power, the roots of the Gulag, and the scheming and plotting that led to and persisted in one of the bloodiest, most egregious dictatorships of the twentieth century.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Drawing from Hoover Institution archival documents, Paul Gregory sheds light on how the world's first socialist state went terribly wrong and why it was likely to veer off course through the tragic story of Stalin's most prominent victims: Pravda editor Nikolai Bukharin and his wife, Anna Larina.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Front Cover ; Book Title; Copyright ; Contents; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Introduction;
• 1. April 15,
• 1937: A Plea from Prison;
• 2. March 15,
• 1938: A Husband Executed;
• 3. September 8,
• 1927: Digging His Own Grave;
• 4.
• 1926: Stalin Plays an Unlikely Cupid;
• 5. Summer with Stalin (1927);
• 6. June
• 1928: "You and I Are the Himalayas";
• 7. July 4-12,
• 1928: Bukharin Fights Back;
• 8. Autumn
• 1928: Pity Not Me;
• 9. Autumn
• 1928: A Fifteen-Year-Old "Co-conspirator";
• 10. January 23,
• 1929: "To a New Catastrophe with Closed Eyes";
• 11. Early Warnings: Stalin Is Dangerous.

• 12. Father and Daughter as Bolshevik Idealist
• s13. January 30,
• 1929: "You Can Test the Nerves of an Elephant, Bukhashka";
• 14. Summer of
• 1934: A Second Fateful Meeting;
• 15. April 16-23,
• 1929: Waterloo;
• 16. 1929
• -1931: The Woman on the Train;
• 17. August
• 1929: Removal from the Politburo;
• 18. New Year's Eve,
• 1929: Chastened Schoolboys Drop In on the Boss;
• 19. April 16,
• 1930: Bukharin Sinks to His Knees;
• 20. July
• 1930: With Anna in the Crimea;
• 21. October 14,
• 1930: Overtaken by "Insanities";
• 22. January 27,
• 1934: Courtship, Bad Omens, and Marriage;
• 23. December 1,
• 1934: Kirov Is Shot.

• 24. August 23, 1936: Nadezhda Tries to Help25. April 25, 1935: Humiliating Editor Bukharin; 26. March-April 1936: Bukharin Opts to Stay and Fight; 27. August 27, 1936: What Accusers? They're Dead.; 28. November 16, 1936: Bukharin Grovels; 29. December 4, 1936: Dress Rehearsal for Arrest; 30. December 1936
• January 1937: Confrontations; 31. February 15, 1937: "I Will Begin a Hunger Strike"; 32. February 24, 1937: To a Future Generation; 33. February 24-25, 1937: On the Whipping Post; 34. February 27, 1937: For or Against the Death Penalty?

• 35. February 27,
• 1937: Arrest Warrant for "Bukharin, N.I.
• "36. February 27,
• 1937: Arrest and Parting;
• 37. February
• 1937: Anna Larina Is Betrayed;
• 38. April
• 1937: Impossible Dream;
• 39. June 2,
• 1937: Bukharin's Cagey Confession;
• 40. June
• 1937: Anna Meets a New Widow;
• 41. March 2-13,
• 1938: Twenty-one on Trial;
• 42. March 12,
• 1938: Papering over Bukharin's Final Defiance;
• 43. March 15,
• 1938: The Ultimate Payback: A Ghastly Death;
• 44. May
• 1938: Anna's Own Ordeal;
• 45. December
• 1938: Back from the Precipice;
• 46. Late December
• 1938: Advice from a Mass Murderer.

• 47. Summer of
• 1956: Reunion with Iur
• a48. February 5,
• 1988: Rehabilitated by Old Men;
• 49. A Special (Specially Tardy) Delivery;
• 50. Bukharin, Stalin, and the Bolshevik Revolution; Notes; Cast of Characters; About the Author; Index.

Drawing from Hoover Institution archival documents, Paul Gregory sheds light on how the world's first socialist state went terribly wrong and why it was likely to veer off course through the tragic story of Stalin's most prominent victims: Pravda editor Nikolai Bukharin and his wife, Anna Larina.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Drawing from Hoover Institution archival documents, Paul Gregory sheds light on how the world's first socialist state went terribly wrong and why it was likely to veer off course through the tragic story of Stalin's most prominent victims: Pravda editor Nikolai Bukharin and his wife, Anna Larina.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Stalin's Praetorians
• Ranks of the Chekist elite
• Organizing state security
• Political enemies
• Deadly Kremlin politics
• Planning terror
• Simplified methods
• The repressors' dilemma
• Conclusions.

Lists serve a variety of functions in Emerson's essays, Whitman's poems, Melville's novels, and Thoreau's memoirs. Belknap discusses the surprising variety of pattern, intention, scope, art, and even philosophy.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Stalin's Praetorians
• Ranks of the Chekist elite
• Organizing state security
• Political enemies
• Deadly Kremlin politics
• Planning terror
• Simplified methods
• The repressors' dilemma
• Conclusions.

Lists serve a variety of functions in Emerson's essays, Whitman's poems, Melville's novels, and Thoreau's memoirs. Belknap discusses the surprising variety of pattern, intention, scope, art, and even philosophy.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Stalin's Praetorians
• Ranks of the Chekist elite
• Organizing state security
• Political enemies
• Deadly Kremlin politics
• Planning terror
• Simplified methods
• The repressors' dilemma
• Conclusions.

Lists serve a variety of functions in Emerson's essays, Whitman's poems, Melville's novels, and Thoreau's memoirs. Belknap discusses the surprising variety of pattern, intention, scope, art, and even philosophy.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• "Scurrilous provocation": the Katyn massacre
• The four faces of Stalin
• Lenin's brain
• Marginals and former people
• The great terror: directive 00447
• A tale of two sons: Yakov and Vasilii Dzhugashvili (Stalin)
• Relatives and falsifying death certificates
• The ship of philosophers
• Who is the prisoner here?
• Reasoning with Stalin on zero tolerance
• Bolshevik discourse: before and after
• Invading Afghanistan
• "Arbeit macht frei" Soviet style
• Vladimir Moroz: Stalin's orphans.

"Taken together, these fourteen short stories give the reader a surprisingly deep understanding of totalitarianism."--Jacket

• "Scurrilous provocation": the Katyn massacre
• The four faces of Stalin
• Lenin's brain
• Marginals and former people
• The great terror: directive 00447
• A tale of two sons: Yakov and Vasilii Dzhugashvili (Stalin)
• Relatives and falsifying death certificates
• The ship of philosophers
• Who is the prisoner here?
• Reasoning with Stalin on zero tolerance
• Bolshevik discourse: before and after
• Invading Afghanistan
• "Arbeit macht frei" Soviet style
• Vladimir Moroz: Stalin's orphans.

An enlightening look into the once-secret Soviet state and party archives that Western scholars first gained access to in the early 1990s. Paul Gregory breaks down a decades-old wall of secrecy to reveal intriguing new information on such subjects as Stalin's Great Terror, the day-to-day life of Gulag guards, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the scientific study of Lenin's brain, and other fascinating tales.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• "Scurrilous provocation": the Katyn massacre
• The four faces of Stalin
• Lenin's brain
• Marginals and former people
• The great terror: directive 00447
• A tale of two sons: Yakov and Vasilii Dzhugashvili (Stalin)
• Relatives and falsifying death certificates
• The ship of philosophers
• Who is the prisoner here?
• Reasoning with Stalin on zero tolerance
• Bolshevik discourse: before and after
• Invading Afghanistan
• "Arbeit macht frei" Soviet style
• Vladimir Moroz: Stalin's orphans.

An enlightening look into the once-secret Soviet state and party archives that Western scholars first gained access to in the early 1990s. Paul Gregory breaks down a decades-old wall of secrecy to reveal intriguing new information on such subjects as Stalin's Great Terror, the day-to-day life of Gulag guards, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the scientific study of Lenin's brain, and other fascinating tales.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. The jockey or the horse?
• 2. Collectivization, accumulation, and power
• 3. The principles of governance
• 4. Investment, wages, and fairness
• 5. Visions and control figures
• 6. Planners versus producers
• 7. Creating Soviet industry
• 8. Operational planning
• 9. Ruble control: money, prices, and budgets
• 10. The destruction of the Soviet administrative command economy.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book uses the formerly secret Soviet state and Communist Party archives to describe the creation and operations of the Soviet administrative command system. It concludes that the system failed not because of the 'jockey'(i.e. Stalin and later leaders) but because of the 'horse' (the economic system). Although Stalin was the system's prime architect, the system was managed by thousands of 'Stalins' in a nested dictatorship. The core values of the Bolshevik Party dictated the choice of the administrative command system, and the system dictated the political victory of a Stalin-like figure. This study pinpoints the reasons for the failure of the system - poor planning, unreliable supplies, the preferential treatment of indigenous enterprises, the lack of knowledge of planners, etc. - but also focuses on the basic principal-agent conflict between planners and producers, which created a sixty-year reform stalemate.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. The jockey or the horse?
• 2. Collectivization, accumulation, and power
• 3. The principles of governance
• 4. Investment, wages, and fairness
• 5. Visions and control figures
• 6. Planners versus producers
• 7. Creating Soviet industry
• 8. Operational planning
• 9. Ruble control: money, prices, and budgets
• 10. The destruction of the Soviet administrative command economy.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book uses the formerly secret Soviet state and Communist Party archives to describe the creation and operations of the Soviet administrative command system. It concludes that the system failed not because of the 'jockey'(i.e. Stalin and later leaders) but because of the 'horse' (the economic system). Although Stalin was the system's prime architect, the system was managed by thousands of 'Stalins' in a nested dictatorship. The core values of the Bolshevik Party dictated the choice of the administrative command system, and the system dictated the political victory of a Stalin-like figure. This study pinpoints the reasons for the failure of the system - poor planning, unreliable supplies, the preferential treatment of indigenous enterprises, the lack of knowledge of planners, etc. - but also focuses on the basic principal-agent conflict between planners and producers, which created a sixty-year reform stalemate.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. The jockey or the horse?
• 2. Collectivization, accumulation, and power
• 3. The principles of governance
• 4. Investment, wages, and fairness
• 5. Visions and control figures
• 6. Planners versus producers
• 7. Creating Soviet industry
• 8. Operational planning
• 9. Ruble control: money, prices, and budgets
• 10. The destruction of the Soviet administrative command economy.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book uses the formerly secret Soviet state and Communist Party archives to describe the creation and operations of the Soviet administrative command system. It concludes that the system failed not because of the 'jockey'(i.e. Stalin and later leaders) but because of the 'horse' (the economic system). Although Stalin was the system's prime architect, the system was managed by thousands of 'Stalins' in a nested dictatorship. The core values of the Bolshevik Party dictated the choice of the administrative command system, and the system dictated the political victory of a Stalin-like figure. This study pinpoints the reasons for the failure of the system - poor planning, unreliable supplies, the preferential treatment of indigenous enterprises, the lack of knowledge of planners, etc. - but also focuses on the basic principal-agent conflict between planners and producers, which created a sixty-year reform stalemate.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. The jockey or the horse?
• 2. Collectivization, accumulation, and power
• 3. The principles of governance
• 4. Investment, wages, and fairness
• 5. Visions and control figures
• 6. Planners versus producers
• 7. Creating Soviet industry
• 8. Operational planning
• 9. Ruble control: money, prices, and budgets
• 10. The destruction of the Soviet administrative command economy.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book uses the formerly secret Soviet state and Communist Party archives to describe the creation and operations of the Soviet administrative command system. It concludes that the system failed not because of the 'jockey'(i.e. Stalin and later leaders) but because of the 'horse' (the economic system). Although Stalin was the system's prime architect, the system was managed by thousands of 'Stalins' in a nested dictatorship. The core values of the Bolshevik Party dictated the choice of the administrative command system, and the system dictated the political victory of a Stalin-like figure. This study pinpoints the reasons for the failure of the system - poor planning, unreliable supplies, the preferential treatment of indigenous enterprises, the lack of knowledge of planners, etc. - but also focuses on the basic principal-agent conflict between planners and producers, which created a sixty-year reform stalemate.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Photocopies of interviews of Soviet government officials, economists and engineers, relating to the economy of the Soviet Union, 1989; and digital copies of Soviet government documents, relating to political repression and party purges in the Soviet Union, 1924-1938. Also includes Russian-English dictionary owned by Lee Harvey Oswald and postcard signed by Marina Oswald.

In a work with significant implications for present-day economic reform in the Soviet Union, Paul Gregory examines Russian and Soviet economic history prior to the installation of the administrative command system. By drawing on basic economic statistics from 1861 to the 1930s, Gregory's revisionist account debunks a number of myths promulgated by historians in both the East and the West. He demonstrates that the Russian economy under the Tsars performed much better than has previously been supposed; the Russian economy and its financial institutions were integrated into the world economy, allowing Russia to attract significant foreign capital. Furthermore, he shows that Stalin's justifications for the abandonment of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the late 1920s were incorrect: the so-called crises of NEP were either fabricated or the result of misguided economic thinking. The study describes little-known Russian and Soviet successes with market capitalism, while it also shows the problems inherent in a mixed system, such as the NEP, which seeks to combine very strong elements of command with market resource allocation.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)