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• Defence of the French Revolution and its English admirers against the accusations of the right honourable Edmund Burke; including some strictures on the late production of Mons. De Calonne (London, 1791)
• A letter to the right honourable Wiliam Pitt on his apostacy from the cause of parliamentary reform (London, 1792)
• Appendix to A letter to the right honourable William Pitt
• A discourse on the law of nature and nations
• Appendix on the Discourse: extracts from the lectures
• "On the state of France in 1815, " Edinburgh review, no. 48, February 1815
• Appendix to "On the state of France in 1815"
• Chronology of James Mackintosh's life
• Selective chronology of events relating to the French Revolution and parliamentary reform in Britain
• Dramatis personae.

• Defence of the French Revolution and its English admirers against the accusations of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, including some strictures on the late production of Mons. de Calonne
• A letter to the Right Honourable William Pitt on his apostacy from the cause of parliamentary reform
• A discourse on the law of nature and nations
• On the state of France in 1815
• Chronology of James Mackintosh's life.

"Vindiciae Gallicae and Other Writings on the French Revolution presents the first modern and fully annotated edition of James Mackintosh's most famous work, Vindiciae Gallicae, together with related writings on the French Revolution. The writings span the years 1791 to 1815 and trace the transformation of Mackintosh's thinking on the Revolution, beginning with his enthusiastic support of the cause, his later disillusionment with its violence and tyranny, and finally an increasing desire to distance himself from his earlier advocacy."--Jacket.

• Introduction Jon Elster-- Foreword-- Book I-- Book II-- Book III.
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This translation of an undisputed classic aims to be both accurate and readable. Tocqueville's subtlety of style and profundity of thought offer a challenge to readers as well as to translators. As both a Tocqueville scholar and an award-winning translator, Arthur Goldhammer is uniquely qualified for the task. In his Introduction, Jon Elster draws on his recent work to lay out the structure of Tocqueville' argument. Readers will appreciate The Ancien Regime and the French Revolution for its sense of irony as well as tragedy, for its deep insights into political psychology and for its impassioned defense of liberty.
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The Ancien Regime and the Revolution is a comparison of revolutionary France and the despotic rule it toppled. Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-59) is an objective observer of both periods - providing a merciless critique of the ancien regime, with its venality, oppression and inequality, yet acknowledging the reforms introduced under Louis XVI, and claiming that the post-Revolution state was in many ways as tyrannical as that of the King; its once lofty and egalitarian ideals corrupted and forgotten. Writing in the 1850s, Tocqueville wished to expose the return to despotism he witnessed in his own time under Napoleon III, by illuminating the grand, but ultimately doomed, call to liberty made by the French people in 1789. His eloquent and instructive study raises questions about liberty, nationalism and justice that remain urgent today.
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• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix INTRODUCTION 1
• Chapter 1: Facing the Future 22 Three Descriptions of the French Revolution 22 The Terror and Its Causes 34 Balanced Government and the English Constitution 41 England's Future in a French Context 52 Sieyes and His Contemporaries 67 True Monarchy, or the Idea of a Modern Republic 75
• Chapter 2: Montesquieu and the Idea of Monarchy 95 The Troglodytes and the Morality of Monarchy 95 Law's System, the Abbe de Saint-Pierre, and the Grand Design 108 From The Persian Letters to The Spirit of Laws 121 The Inheritance of Property and the Inheritance of Thrones 131 The Problem of Sovereignty and the Nature of Monarchy 149 Jansenism 153 Fenelon and His Legacy 159 Trade, the System of Ranks, and the Alternative to Public Credit 166
• Chapter 3: Morality and Politics in a Divided World 173 Montesquieu's Legacy 173 Francois Veron de Forbonnais and the Limits of Trade 179 Physiocracy, or The Natural and Essential Order of Political Societies 189 From Friendship to Mankind to Political Economy 199 Rousseau and Physiocracy 222 Rousseau and Mably 239
• Chapter 4: Industry and Representative Government 254 Agriculture, Industry, and Inequality 254 Helvetius 266 Turgot 281 Chastellux 290 Jacques Necker and Burke's Paradox 302 Joseph Fauchet and Pierre-Paul Gudin de la Brenellerie 311 Pierre-Louis Roederer 322 Jean-Baptiste Say 334
• CONCLUSION 349 BIBLIOGRAPHY 373 INDEX 403.
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Ever since the French Revolution, Madame de Pompadour's comment, "Apres moi, le deluge" (after me, the deluge), has looked like a callous if accurate prophecy of the political cataclysms that began in 1789. But decades before the Bastille fell, French writers had used the phrase to describe a different kind of selfish recklessness - not toward the flood of revolution but, rather, toward the flood of public debt. In "Before the Deluge", Michael Sonenscher examines these fears and the responses to them, and the result is nothing less than a new way of thinking about the intellectual origins of the French Revolution. In this nightmare vision of the future, many prerevolutionary observers predicted that the pressures generated by modern war finance would set off a chain of debt defaults that would either destroy established political orders or cause a sudden lurch into despotic rule.Nor was it clear that constitutional government could keep this possibility at bay. Constitutional government might make public credit more secure, but public credit might undermine constitutional government itself. "Before the Deluge" examines how this predicament gave rise to a widespread eighteenth-century interest in figuring out how to establish and maintain representative governments able to realize the promise of public credit while avoiding its peril. By doing so, the book throws new light on a neglected aspect of modern political thought and on the French Revolution.
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• List of Tables Introduction: The Origins of the French Revolution-- P.R.Campbell The Financial Origins of the French Revolution-- J.Felix Decision-Making-- J.Hardman The Paris Parlement in the 1780s-- P.R.Campbell From Social to Cultural History-- W.Scott The Intellectual Origins of the French Revolution-- M.Linton The Religious Origins of the French Revolution, 1560-1791-- D.van Kley The Contested Image: Stage, Canvas and the Origins of the French Revolution-- M.Ledbury The Pamphlet Debate Over the Organization of the Estates General-- K.Margerison Peasants and their Grievances-- J.Markoff From The Estates-General to the National Assembly, May 5 - August 4, 1789-- M.P.Fitzsimmons Glossary Chronology List of Abbreviations Notes Further Reading Notes on Contributors Index.
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The French Revolution, an event of world historical importance that gave birth to modern politics, has long been a subject of debate. Naturally, the question of its origins remains a key area of controversy. This collection of essays by a team of distinguished experts in the field offers original but approachable views and interpretations that will engage students and scholars alike. Each chapter contains new research and focuses upon a major strand of the present debate. The Origins of the French Revolution explores: - the process of decision-making - the financial crisis - the Paris parlement - pamphlet literature - the ideas of the Enlightenment - peasant involvement - the Estates General of 1789 Chapters on art and theatre, on the development of cultural history, and the corrosive role of religious conflict upon the fabric of the monarchy ensure that stimulating new perspectives now form a key part of future discussion. A full introduction considers the nature of the debate and offers a thought-provoking interpretation of the crisis of the absolute monarchy that led to the collapse of state and society in the summer of 1789.
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• v. 1. The complete text
• v. 2. Notes on the French revolution and Napoleon.

The Old Regime and the Revolution is Alexis de Tocqueville's great meditation on the origins and meanings of the French Revolution. One of the most profound and influential studies of this pivotal event, it remains a relevant and stimulating discussion of the problem of preserving individual and political freedom in the modern world. Alan Kahan's translation provides a faithful, readable rendering of Tocqueville's last masterpiece, and it includes notes and variants which reveal Tocqueville's sources and include excerpts from his drafts and revisions. The introduction by France's most eminent scholars of Tocqueville and the French Revolution, Francoise Melonio and the late Francois Furet, provides a brilliant analysis of the work.
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With his monumental work "The Old Regime and the Revolution", Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) - best known for his classic "Democracy in America" - envisioned a multivolume philosophic study of the origins of modern France that would examine the implications of French history on the nature and development of democratic society. Volume 1, which covered the 18th-century background to the Revolution, was published to great acclaim in 1856. On the continuation of this project, he wrote: "When this Revolution has finished its work, [this volume] will show what that work really was, and what the new society which has come from that violent labour is, what the Revolution has taken away and what it has preserved from that old regime against which it was directed". Tocqueville died in the midst of this work. Here in Volume 2 -in clear, up-to-date English - is all that he had completed, including the chapters he started for a work on Napoleon, notes and analyses he made in the course of researching and writing the first volume, and his notes on his preparation for his continuation. Based on the new French edition of "The Old Regime", most of the translated texts have never before appeared in English, and many of those that have appeared were considerably altered. More than ever before, readers will be able to see how Tocqueville's account of the Revolution would have come out, had he lived to finish it. This volume completes the set and is useful reading for anyone interested in the French revolution or in Tocqueville's thought.
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An in-depth portrait of France during the year 1789, which analyzes the causes, forces and nature of the Revolution.
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Burke's seminal work was written during the early months of the French Revolution, and it predicted with uncanny accuracy many of its worst excesses, including the Reign of Terror. A scathing attack on the revolution's attitudes to existing institutions, property and religion, it makes a cogent case for upholding inherited rights and established customs, argues for piecemeal reform rather than revolutionary change - and deplores the influence Burke feared the revolution might have in Britain. "Reflections on the Revolution in France" is now widely regarded as a classic statement of conservative political thought, and is one of the eighteenth century's great works of political rhetoric.
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