%{search_type} search results

• Preface
• 1. Introduction
• 2. 2d-3d integration for autonomous sensors Sangkil Kim
• 3. Solar (light) energy harvesting
• 4. Kinetic energy harvesting
• 5. Thermal energy harvesting
• 6. Wireless power transmission
• 7. Electromagnetic energy harvesting
• 8. Power supplies and storage
• 9. A system perspective
• Notes
• References
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

A thorough treatment of energy harvesting technologies, highlighting radio frequency (RF) and hybrid-multiple technology harvesting. The authors explain the principles of solar, thermal, kinetic, and electromagnetic energy harvesting, address design challenges, and describe applications. The volume features an introduction to switched mode power converters and energy storage and summarizes the challenges of different system implementations, from wireless transceivers to backscatter communication systems and ambient backscattering. This practical resource is essential for researchers and graduate students in the field of communications and sensor technology, in addition to practitioners working in these fields.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Overview of Energy Harvesting
• Inductive Energy Harvesting
• Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
• Magnetostrictive and Magnetoelectric Energy Harvesting
• Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting
• Photovaltaic Energy Harvesting
• Wind Energy Harvesting
• Alternative Energy Harvesting Approaches.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This text investigates the materials science and physics of energy harvesting, with a focus on system configuration and efficient performance. It presents the mathematical theory of materials, electrical conductivity, and device design for vibration-based harvesters, thermoelectrics, photovoltaics, wind-energy turbines, and hybrids thereof. Examples include piezoelectrics in wind turbines, as well as approaches using shape-memory alloys, thermomagnetics, and electrostatic generation. Information is provided on testing, characterization, and modeling of EH systems, with extensive equations analyzing materials and energy flow. Circuitry, batteries, and capacitors are also covered. An appendix includes ANSYS codes for finite element analysis of magnetic flux devices. Educators will find this book highly relevant for courses in energy harvesting, sustainable and renewable energy, thermal energy, wind energy, solar energy, magnetic energy, and vibrations. Materials scientists, energy harvesting developers, and renewable energy specialists will find the book to be a key resource. Some of the highlights of the book include: - Investigates the materials science and physics of energy harvesting with a focus on system configuration and efficient performance. - Presents mathematical theory and models of materials, electrical conductivity, and device design for vibration-based harvesters. - Highly relevant for courses in energy harvesting, sustainable and renewable energy, thermal energy, wind energy, solar energy, magnetic energy, and vibrations. - Extensive equations provided to illustrate and analyze materials and energy flow. - ANSYS codes included to assist with FEM analysis of magnetic flux devices.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction System Design Input Energy Piezo-electric Transducers Electro-dynamic Transducers Electro-static Transducers Thermo-Generators Solar-Cells Fuel Cells Power Management Radio Frequency Transmission Batteries Capacitors Applications Summary.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book describes the fundamentals and principles of energy harvesting and provides the necessary theory and background to develop energy harvesting power supplies. It explains the overall system design and gives quantitative assumptions on environmental energy. It explains different system blocks for an energy harvesting power supply and the trade-offs. The text covers in detail different energy transducer technologies such as piezoelectric, electrodynamic, and thermoelectric generators and solar cells from the material to the component level and explains the appropriate power management circuits required in these systems. Furthermore, it describes and compares storage elements such as secondary batteries and supercapacitors to select the most appropriate one for the application. Besides power supplies that use ambient energy, the book presents systems that use electromagnetic fields in the radio frequency range. Finally, it discusses different application fields and presents examples of self-powered electronic systems to illustrate the content of the preceding chapters.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Supervisor's Foreword; Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles:; Acknowledgements; Contents; Acronyms; Symbols; List of Figures; List of Tables; Summary; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Motivation; 1.2 Mechanical Energy Harvesting; 1.3 Scope and Organization of Thesis; References; 2 Overview of Energy Harvesting Technologies; 2.1 Mechanical Energy Harvesting Mechanisms; 2.1.1 Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters; 2.1.2 Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters; 2.1.3 Electrostatic Energy Harvesters; 2.2 Triboelectric Energy Harvesting; 2.2.1 Out-of-Plane Contact-Separation Mechanism

• 2.2.2 In-Plane Sliding Mechanism2.3 Materials and Fabrication of Triboelectric Nanogenerators; 2.4 Triboelectric Energy Harvesters and Self-powered Sensors; 2.4.1 Biomechanical Energy Harvesters; 2.4.2 Wind Based Energy Harvesters; 2.4.3 Water Based Energy Harvesters; 2.4.4 Wearable Energy Harvesters; 2.4.5 Self-powered Sensors; 2.4.5.1 Tactile and Pressure Sensors; 2.4.5.2 Motion Tracking Sensors; 2.4.5.3 Chemical Sensors; 2.5 Summary; References; 3 Study of Effect of Topography on Triboelectric Nanogenerator Performance Using Patterned Arrays; 3.1 Motivation; 3.2 Cantilever Based TENG-I

• 3.2.1 Device Design3.2.2 Working Mechanism; 3.2.3 Theory; 3.2.4 Fabrication Process; 3.2.5 Broadening of Operating Bandwidth Using Mechanical Stopper; 3.2.6 Output Voltage and Power; 3.2.7 Design of Experiment; 3.2.8 Experimental Setup; 3.2.9 Results and Discussion; 3.2.9.1 Effect of Increasing Acceleration; 3.2.9.2 Calculation of Charge Density; 3.2.9.3 Voltage and Power Characteristics; 3.2.9.4 Broadband Characteristics of Cantilever TENG-I; 3.2.9.5 Effect of Fill Factor on Power Generation; 3.3 Cantilever Based TENG-II; 3.3.1 Device Design and Fabrication

• 3.3.2 Deformation in the PDMS Micropad Patterns3.3.3 Results and Discussion; 3.3.3.1 Broadband Behavior of Cantilever TENG-II; 3.3.3.2 Output Characteristics of Cantilever TENG-II; 3.3.3.3 Effect of PDMS Micropad Array Configuration on Device Performance; 3.4 Summary; References; 4 Skin Based Self-powered Wearable Sensors and Nanogenerators; 4.1 Motivation; 4.2 Skin Used as a Triboelectric Material; 4.2.1 Device Design; 4.2.2 Device Fabrication; 4.2.3 Working Mechanism; 4.2.4 Harvesting Energy Using Skin Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator from Various Human Activities

• 4.2.5 Testing as a Motion Sensor4.3 Integration of Skin Based Nanogenerator with a Capacitance Based Sensor to Realize Human Finger Motion Tracking; 4.3.1 Fabrication; 4.3.2 Operating Principle of Sensor; 4.3.3 Working of Triboelectric Nanogenerator; 4.3.4 Finger Motion Sensor Testing; 4.3.5 Energy Harvesting Testing; 4.4 Summary; References; 5 Large Scale Fabrication of Triboelectric Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications; 5.1 Motivation; 5.2 Large Scale Energy Harvesting Using Roll-to-Roll Fabrication Process; 5.2.1 Fabrication Process; 5.2.1.1 Fabrication of Mold

This thesis describes the working design principles of triboelectric mechanism-based devices. It presents an extensive study undertaken to explain the effect of surface topographies on the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators. It demonstrates the application of triboelectric mechanisms in the area of physical sensing such as force sensing and pressure sensing. It also discusses the major fabrication methods/techniques that can be used to realize these devices. It is a valuable reference resource for graduate students, researchers and scientists interested in exploring the potential of triboelectric mechanisms for energy harvesting and other applications.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Solar cell technologies: An overview
• Physics and Technology of Carrier Selective Contact based Heterojunction Silicon Solar Cells
• Perovskite Solar Cell
• DSSC and QD Sensitized Solar cell
• Tackling the Challenges in High capacity Li-ion Batteries
• High capacity cathode materials for lithium ion cells.

This book covers recent technologies developed for energy harvesting as well as energy storage applications. The book includes the fabrication of optoelectronic devices such as high-efficiency c-Si solar cells, carrier selective c-Si solar cells, quantum dot, and dye-sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells, Li-ion batteries, and supercapacitors. Aiming at beginners in the respective areas, the basic principles and mechanism of the optoelectronic phenomena behind every application are detailed in the book. The book offers schematics, tables, graphical representations, and illustrations to enable better understanding. Among the nine chapters, the first four chapters are dedicated to various types of high-efficiency solar cells and the remaining chapters discuss the methods for energy storage such as the fabrication of batteries and supercapacitors. The book is a useful reference for active researchers and academicians working in energy harvesting and energy storage areas.

• ENERGY HARVESTING TECHNOLOGY, METHODS AND APPLICATIONS; ENERGY HARVESTING TECHNOLOGY, METHODS AND APPLICATIONS; Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data; CONTENTS ; PREFACE ;
• Chapter 1 COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PIEZOELECTRIC HARVESTER DEVICES ; ABSTRACT ; 1. INTRODUCTION ; 2. SIMULATION SETUP ; 2.1. Cantilever Beam ; 2.2. Piezoelectric Materials ; 2.3. Boundary Conditions ; 2.4. Mesh ; 3. STATIONARY ANALYSIS ; 4. SIMULATION RESULTS ; 4.1. Lead Zirconate Titanate ; 4.2. Cadmium Sulfide ; 4.3. Bismuth Germanate ; 4.4. Polyvinylidene Fluoride ; 5. THICKNESS OPTIMIZATION

• 5.1. Increasing Thickness 5.2. Decreasing Thickness ; CONCLUSION; REFERENCES ;
• Chapter 2 MICRO ELECTRET-BASED POWER GENERATOR FOR AMBIENT VIBRATIONAL ENERGY HARVESTING ; ABSTRACT ; 1. INTRODUCTION ; 2. COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF THREE ENERGY CONVERSION SCHEMES; 2.1. Brief Overview of Three Energy Conversion Schemes ; 2.2. Merits and Drawbacks of Electrostatic Converters ; 3. OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF THE ELECTRET-BASED ENERGY HARVESTER; 4. ELECTRET MATERIALS AND MICRO PATTERNING ; 4.1. Electret Materials for Micro Electret Vibration Generator

• 4.2. Micro-Patterning and Charging of Electrets for e-VEHs 5. RECENT ADVANCES OF ELECTRET ENERGY HARVESTERS; 5.1. Low-Resonant Spring-Mass System ; Low-Resonant System Based on SOI Wafers ; Low-Resonant System Integrated with Polymer Springs ; Low-Resonant System with Spring Geometric Configuration ; 5.2. Two-Dimensional Energy Harvesters ; 5.3. Nonlinear Wideband Energy Harvesters ; 5.4. Non-Resonant Energy Harvesters ; 5.5. Brief Summary of Recent Reported E-Vehs ; CONCLUSION ; REFERENCES ;
• Chapter 3 MODELING ON PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTING FROM PAVEMENTS UNDER TRAFFIC LOADS

• ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION ; 2. FORMULATION OF THE PAVEMENT SYSTEM ; 2.1. Beam Model ; 2.1.1. Case with Light Viscous Damping (crCC<) ; 2.1.2. Undamped Cases (0C=) ; 2.2. Plate Model ; Case A: Single-wheel Load ; Case B: Four-wheel Load; 3. PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTING ; 3.1. Beam Model ; 3.2. Plate Model ; 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ; 4.1. Beam Model ; 4.1.1. Validation ; 4.1.2 Parametric Studies ; 4.2. Plate Model ; CONCLUSION ; APPENDIX A ; APPENDIX B ; REFERENCES ;
• Chapter 4 ENERGY HARVESTING BY HYDRO/AERO ELASTIC PHENOMENA IN SMALL SCALE ; ABSTRACT ; INTRODUCTION ; VORTEX ENERGY

• MOMENTUM EQUATION RATE OF ENERGY ; AEROELASTIC PHENOMENA ; VORTEX INDUCED VIBRATION (VIV) ; Flutter ; Galloping ; Buffeting ; Small Scale Energy Harvesting ; Piezoelectric ; Appropriate Aeroelastic Phenomena and Key Parameters ; Comparison of Phenomena for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ; REFERENCES ;
• Chapter 5 ENERGY HARVESTING IN WATER SYSTEMS ; ABSTRACT ; INTRODUCTION ; THE CONCEPT OF ENERGY HARVESTING FROM WATER PRESSURE FLOWS ; TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENERGY HARVESTING IN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS; Cross Flow ; Pumps As Turbines (PAT) ; Lucid Pipe ; Hong Kong Experience ; Giralog ; GreenValve

In the last decades the increasing need to produce energy in nontraditional ways has led to researchers searching for cheap and environmentally safe sources of energy. This has caused a growing interest in Energy Harvesting, which is a science that tries to capture energy provided by wind, rain, or other natural vibrations to convert it into a different more useful form of energy. The first chapter of this book studies a model which simulates a 'small' cantilever beam, and evaluates the optimal thickness for the cantilever, comparing the reaction to wind force of difference devices with the same shape but different thickness of piezoelectric layer. Chapter two discusses three energy conversion schemes with special emphasis placed on micro electret-based electrostatic energy conversion mechanisms. Chapter three studies modeling on piezoelectric energy harvesting from pavements under traffic control. Chapter four investigates the Aero/hyrdro elastic phenomena such as Fluttering, Galloping, Buffering, and Vortex Induced Vibration for energy harvesting. Chapter five introduces the concept of energy harvesting from water systems, and the established technologies and projects under development to recover energy from water networks are presented. Chapter six examines a piezoelectric power supplier for underwater applications, which is optimised to feed magnetic sensors. The final chapter describes a novel power generation from algae based on the combination of exergy recovery and process integration technologies.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Energy Harvesting Materials and Circuits
• 3. Survey on Mechanical Designs of Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
• 4. Review of Energy Harvesting from Human Walking
• 5. Design of a New Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Based on Compound Two-Stage Force Amplification Frame
• 6. Design of a New Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Handrail with Vibration and Force Excitations
• 7. Design of a Novel Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Based on Integrated Multi-Stage Force Amplification Frame
• 8. Design and Testing of a Novel Bidirectional Energy Harvester with Single Piezoelectric Stack
• 9. Design and Testing of a Novel 2-D Energy Harvester with Single Piezoelectric Stack
• 10. Design of a Novel 2-D Piezoelectric Energy Harvester with Permanent Magnets and Multi-Stage Force Amplifier
• 11. Design and Testing of a New Dual-Axial Underfloor Piezoelectric Energy Harvester
• 12. Design, Fabrication and Testing of a Novel 3-D Energy Harvester
• 13. Conclusions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Mechanical Design of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters: Generating Electricity from Human Walking provides the state-of-the-art, recent mechanical designs of piezoelectric energy harvesters based on piezoelectric stacks. The book discusses innovative mechanism designs for energy harvesting from multidimensional force excitation, such as human walking, which offers higher energy density. Coverage includes analytical modeling, optimal design, simulation study, prototype fabrication, and experimental investigation. Detailed examples of their analyses and implementations are provided. The book's authors provide a unique perspective on this field, primarily focusing on novel designs for PZT Energy harvesting in biomedical engineering as well as in integrated multi-stage force amplification frame. This book presents force-amplification compliant mechanism design and force direction-transmission mechanism design. It explores new mechanism design approaches using piezoelectric materials and permanent magnets. Readers can expect to learn how to design new mechanisms to realize multidimensional energy harvesting systems.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction and Methods of Mechanical Energy Harvesting.- Broadband Vibration Energy Harvesting Techniques.- MEMS Electrostatic Energy Harvesters with Nonlinear Springs.- Broadband Energy Harvesting from a Bistable Potential Well.- Plucked Piezoelectric Bimorphs for Energy Harvesting.- Energy Harvesting with Vibrating Shoe-Mounted Piezoelectric Cantilevers.- Role of Stiffness Nonlinearities in the Transduction of Energy Harvesters Under White Gaussian Excitations.- Random Excitation of Bistable Harvesters.- Energy Harvesting from Fluids using Ionic Polymer Metal Composites.- Flow-Induced Vibrations for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting.- Airfoil-Based Linear and Nonlinear Electroaeroelastic Energy Harvesting.- Acoustic Energy Harvesting using Sonic Crystals.- Power Conditioning Techniques for Energy Harvesting.- Asynchronous Event-Based Self-Powering, Computation and Data-Logging.- Vibration-Based Energy-Harvesting Integrated Circuits.- Stretching the Capabilities of Energy Harvesting: Electroactive Polymers Based on Dielectric Elastomers.- Materials and Devices for MEMS Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting.- Nonlinear Vibration Energy Harvesting with High Permeability Magnetic Materials.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Advances in Energy Harvesting Methods presents a state-of-the-art understanding of diverse aspects of energy harvesting with a focus on: broadband energy conversion, new concepts in electronic circuits, and novel materials. This book covers recent advances in energy harvesting using different transduction mechanisms; these include methods of performance enhancement using nonlinear effects, non-harmonic forms of excitation and non-resonant energy harvesting, fluidic energy harvesting, and advances in both low-power electronics as well as material science. The contributors include a brief literature review of prior research with each chapter for further reference.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction

• 2. Energy harvesting
• 2.1 Context
• 2.2 Autonomous energy systems
• 2.3 Vibrational energy harvesting
• 2.4 Thermoelectric energy harvesting
• 2.5 Photovoltaic energy harvesting
• 2.6 Combined energy harvesting

• 3. Piezoelectricity
• 3.1 Background theory
• 3.2 Piezoelectric materials

• 4. Piezoelectric energy harvesting techniques
• 4.1 Modeling
• 4.2 Mechanical and electrical behavior
• 4.3 Circuit topologies
• 4.4 Experimental work

• 5. Raindrop energy harvesting
• 5.1 Review of publications
• 5.2 Characteristics of a harvester
• 5.3 Experimental investigation

• 6. Conclusion
• 6.1 Challenges
• 6.2 Future prospects
• References
• About the author
• Index.

Environmental pollution has been one of the main challenges for sustainable development. Piezoelectric materials can be used as a means of transforming ambient vibrations into electrical energy to power devices. The focus is on an alternative approach to scavenge energy from the environment. This book presents harvesting methodologies to evaluate the potential effectiveness of different techniques and provides an overview of the methods and challenges of harvesting energy using piezoelectric materials. Piezoelectric energy harvesters have many applications, including sensor nodes, wireless communication, microelectromechanical systems, handheld devices, and mobile devices. The book also presents a new approach within piezoelectric energy harvesting using the impact of raindrops. The energy-harvesting model presented is further analyzed for single-unit harvester and an array of multiple harvesters to maximize the efficiency of the device.

• Chapter 1 Introduction (Background of flexible EHs and sensors)
• Chapter 2 Design methods of flexible substrate piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs)
• Chapter 3 Fabrication of flexible piezoelectric EH
• Chapter 4 Nonlinear flexible PEH
• Chapter 5 Rotation-driven flexible PEH
• Chapter 6 Wearable flexible PEH
• Chapter 7 Implantable flexible PEH
• Chapter 8 Flexible tactile sensors
• Chapter 9 Artificial intelligence algorithm for flexible sensors
• Chapter 10 Conclusion and Future Perspective.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors A systematic and complete discussion of the latest progress in flexible piezoelectric energy harvesting and sensing technologies In Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive exploration of the design methods, working mechanisms, microfabrication processes, and applications of flexible energy harvesters for wearable and implantable devices. The book discusses the monitoring of normal force, shear force, strain, and displacement in flexible sensors, as well as relevant artificial intelligence algorithms. Readers will also find an overview of design and research challenges facing professionals in the field, as well as a variety of perspectives on flexible energy harvesters and sensors. With an extensive focus on the use of flexible piezoelectric material technologies for medical applications, Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors also includes: A thorough introduction to the working principles of piezoelectric devices, including discussions of flexible PEH and piezoelectric sensors Comprehensive treatments of the design of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters, including the challenges associated with their structural design Fulsome explanations of the fabrication of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters, including piezoelectric ceramic thin and think films In-depth treatments of cantilever piezoelectric energy harvesters, including optimized cantilever, bimorph, and optimized bimorph PEH Perfect for materials scientists, electronics engineers, and solid-state physicists, Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters and Sensors will also earn a place in the libraries of sensor developers, and surface physicists.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction to energy harvesting.- Circuit analysis for ultra-low-voltage operation.- Design and implementation of ULV converters.- Power management circuits for energy harvesting.- Conclusions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book provides design-oriented models for the implementation of ultra-low-voltage energy harvesting converters, covering the modeling of building blocks such oscillators, rectifiers, charge pumps and inductor-based converters that can operate with very low supply voltages, typically under 100 mV. Analyses based on the diode and MOSFET models are included in the text to allow the operation of energy harvesters from voltages of the order of 100 mV or much less, with satisfactory power efficiency. The practical realization of different converters is also addressed, clarifying the design trade-offs of ultra-low voltage (ULV) circuits operating from few millivolts. Offers readers a state-of-the-art revision for ultra-low voltage (ULV) energy harvesting converters; Provides analog IC designers with proper models for the implementation of circuits and building blocks of energy harvesters, such as oscillators, rectifiers, and inductor-based converters, operating under ultra-low voltages; Addresses the design of energy harvesters operating from ultra-low voltages, enabling autonomous operation of connected devices driven by human energy; Demonstrates design and implementation of integrated ULV up-converters; Includes semiconductor modeling for ULV operation.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface1 Energy Harvesting1.1 Introduction1.2 Thermal-to-Electrical-based Energy Harvesting1.3 Solar-to-Electrical-based Energy Harvesting1.4 Radio-Frequency-to-Electrical-based Energy Harvesting1.5 Sources of Energy from Human Activity1.6 Mechanical-to-Electrical-based Energy HarvestingReferences2 Mechanical-to-Electrical Energy Conversion Transducers2.1 Introduction2.2 Piezoelectric Transducers2.2.1 Polycrystalline piezoelectric ceramics2.2.2 Piezoelectric polymers and polymer-ceramic composites2.2.3 Single-crystal piezoelectric ceramics2.2.4 Lead-free piezoelectric materials2.2.5 Piezoelectric materials for high-temperature applications2.2.6 Other piezoelectric material types and structures2.3 Electromagnetic Induction Transducers2.4 Electrostatic Transducers2.4.1 Electret-based electrostatic transducers2.5 Magnetostrictive-Material-based Transducers2.6 General Comparison of Different Transducers2.7 Transducer Shelf Life and Operational LifeReferences3 Mechanical-to-Electrical Energy Transducer Interfacing Mechanisms3.1 Introduction3.2 Interfacing Mechanisms for Piezoelectric-based Transducers3.2.1 Interfacing mechanisms for potential energy sources and continuous rotations3.2.2 Interfacing mechanisms for continuous oscillatory translational and rotational motions3.2.3 Interfacing mechanisms for periodic oscillatory translational and rotational motions of the host system3.2.4 Interfacing mechanisms for oscillatory translational and rotational motions with highly varying frequencies and random motions3.2.5 Interfacing mechanisms for energy harvesting from shortduration force and accelerating/decelerating pulses3.3 Design of DOEs using Algorithms3.2.1 Design procedure of DOEs using IFTA3.3 Interfacing Mechanisms for Electromagnetic-based Transducers3.3.1 Interfacing mechanisms for rotary input motions3.3.2 Interfacing mechanisms for continuous oscillatory translational and rotational motions3.3.3 Interfacing mechanisms for energy harvesting from shortduration force and acceleration pulses3.4 Interfacing Mechanisms for Electrostatic- and Magnetostrictive-based TransducersReferences4 Collection and Conditioning Circuits4.1 Introduction4.2 Collection and Conditioning Circuits for Piezoelectric Transducers4.2.1 Direct rectification and conditioning methods4.2.2 Circuits to maximize harvested energy4.2.3 Collection circuits4.2.4 Conditioning circuits4.2.5 CC circuits for pulsed piezoelectric loading4.3 Collection and Conditioning Circuits for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters4.3.1 Synchronous magnetic flux extraction4.3.2 Active full-wave rectifier4.4 Collection and Conditioning Circuits for Electrostatic Energy Harvesters4.4.1 Electret-based eEHs4.4.2 Active conditioning circuits4.4.3 Electret-free eEHs4.5 Conditioning Circuits for Vibration-based Magnetostrictive Energy HarvestersReferences5 Case Studies5.1 Introduction5.2 Commercial Vibration Energy Harvesters5.2.1 IC products for energy-harvesting devices5.3 Tire Pressure Monitoring System5.4 Self-Powered Wireless Sensors5.5 Piezoelectric Energy-Harvesting Power Sources for Gun-Fired Munitions and Similar Applications5.6 Self-Powered Shock-Loading-Event Detection with Safety Logic Circuit and Applications5.6.1 Self-powered shock-loading-event-detection and initiation device5.6.2 Shock-loading-event-detection switching applicationsReferencesIndex.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book is an introductory text describing methods of harvesting electrical energy from mechanical potential and kinetic energy. The book focuses on the methods of transferring mechanical energy to energy conversion transducers of various types, including piezoelectric, electromagnetic, electrostatic, and magnetostrictive transducers. Methods that have been developed for collecting, conditioning, and delivering the generated electrical energy to a load, as well as their potential use as self-powered sensors, are described. The book should be of interest to those who want to know the potentials as well as shortcomings of energy harvesting technology. The book is particularly useful for energy harvesting system designers as it provides a systematic approach to the selection of the proper transduction mechanisms and methods of interfacing with a host system and electrical energy collection and conditioning options. An extensive bibliography is provided to direct the reader to appropriate references for detailed material not included in the book.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part I: Energy harvesting from ambient environments Chapter 1: Thermal energy harvesting for wireless sensor networks Chapter 2: Auxetic designs to improve ambient strain energy harvesting for WSN/IoT Chapter 3: Energy harvesting from human body
• Part II: RF energy harvesting Chapter 4: Cognitive and energy harvesting-based D2D communication in wireless multimedia sensor networks underlying multi-tier cellular networks Chapter 5: A systematic study on the metamaterial microstrip antenna design for self-powered wireless systems Chapter 6: On the trade-off of RF energy harvesting and transmission intervals in cognitive IoT network using fuzzy logic
• Part III: Emerging trends in energy harvesting Chapter 7: UAV-assisted energy harvesting for WSNs/IoT networks Chapter 8: A review on resonant beam communication with simultaneous wireless data transmission and energy harvesting techniques Chapter 9: Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in Internet of Things Chapter 10: Energy-efficient computing for future IoT applications Chapter 11: Intelligent MapReduce technique for energy harvesting through IoT devices
• Part IV: Security and energy harvesting Chapter 12: Hide-and-detect: forwarding misbehaviors, attacks, and countermeasures in energy harvesting-motivated networks.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The energy efficiency paradigm associated with Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) is a major bottleneck for the development of related technologies. To overcome this limitation, the design and development of efficient and high-performance energy harvesting systems for WSN and IoT environments are being explored. This edited book comprehensively covers energy harvesting sources and techniques that can be used for WSN and IoT systems. The authors cover energy harvesting, energy management and energy prediction models to maximize the energy harvested. They also identify major architecture advances to develop cost-effective, efficient, and reliable energy harvesting systems. This is a useful reference for researchers, engineers, practitioners, designers, and R&D staff involved in the development of energy harvesting models, architectures and technologies for practical deployments in WSN and IoT environments. The book will be of interest to professionals involved in developing energy harvesting systems, industry practitioners, and manufacturers in IoT, sensing, and energy harvesting technologies. Finally, it will also be a useful reference for graduate, PhD and postdoctoral students following courses in WSNs, IoT and energy harvesting technologies.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Energy Harvesting Models and Constraints 1 1.2 Structure of the Book 3 Part I Energy Harvesting Wireless Transmission 5
• 2 Power Allocation for Point-to-Point Energy Harvesting Channels 7 2.1 A General Utility Optimization Framework for Point-to-Point EH Channels 8 2.2 Throughput Maximization for Gaussian Channel with EH Transmitter 9 2.2.1 The Case with Noncausal ESIT 10 2.2.1.1 Staircase Power Allocation to Problem (2.7) 10 2.2.1.2 Efficient Algorithm to Solve Problem (12.7) 11 2.2.2 The Case with Causal ESIT 15 2.2.2.1 Dynamic Programming 15 2.3 Throughput Maximization for Fading Channel with EH Transmitter 17 2.3.1 The Case with Noncausal CSIT and ESIT 18 2.3.1.1 Water-Filling Power Allocation 18 2.3.1.2 Staircase Water-Filling Power Allocation 19 2.3.1.3 Efficient Implementation of Staircase Water-Filling Algorithm 22 2.3.2 The Case with Causal CSIT and ESIT 23 2.3.2.1 Dynamic Programming 24 2.3.2.2 Heuristic Online Solutions 27 2.3.3 Other ESIT and CSIT Cases 27 2.4 Outage Probability Minimization with EH Transmitter 29 2.4.1 The Case with No CSIT and Noncausal ESIT 29 2.4.1.1 Properties of Outage Probability Function 30 2.4.1.2 Optimal Offline Power Allocation with M = 1 33 2.4.1.3 Suboptimal Power Allocation with M = 1 35 2.4.1.4 Optimal Power Allocation for the General Case of M > 1 36 2.4.1.5 Suboptimal Offline Power Allocation with M > 1 40 2.4.2 The Case with No CSIT and Causal ESIT 41 2.4.2.1 Optimal Online Power Allocation 42 2.4.2.2 Suboptimal Online Power Allocation 43 2.4.3 Numerical Results 44 2.4.3.1 The Case of M = 1 44 2.4.3.2 The Case of M > 1 44 2.4.4 Other CSIT and ESIT Cases 47 2.5 Limited Battery Storage 48 2.5.1 Throughput Maximization over Gaussian Channel with Noncausal ESIT 48 2.5.2 Throughput Maximization over Fading Channels with Noncausal CSIT and ESIT 52 2.5.3 Other Cases 55 2.6 Imperfect Circuits 56 2.6.1 Practical Power Consumption for Wireless Transmitters 56 2.6.2 The Case with Noncausal ESIT 58 2.6.2.1 Problem Reformulation 59 2.6.2.2 Single-Block Case with M = 1 60 2.6.2.3 General Multi-Block Case with M
• 1 61 2.6.3 The Case with Causal ESIT 64 2.7 Power Allocation with EH Receiver 66 2.7.1 Power Consumption Model for a Wireless Receiver 66 2.7.2 The Case with Only EH Receiver 68 2.7.3 The Case with Both EH Transmitter and EH Receiver 70 2.8 Summary 70
• 3 Power Allocation for Multi-node Energy Harvesting Channels 75 3.1 Multiple-Access Channels 75 3.1.1 System Model 75 3.1.2 Problem Formulation 76 3.1.3 The Optimal Offline Scheme 78 3.1.4 Optimal Sum Power Allocation 78 3.1.4.1 Optimal Rate Scheduling 80 3.1.5 The Online Scheme 84 3.1.5.1 Competitive Analysis 84 3.1.5.2 The Greedy Scheme 85 3.1.6 Numerical Results 87 3.2 Relay Channels 91 3.2.1 System Model 92 3.2.2 Problem Formulation 94 3.2.2.1 Delay-Constrained Case 94 3.2.2.2 No-Delay-Constrained Case 95 3.2.3 Optimal Solution for the Delay-Constrained Case 97 3.2.3.1 Monotonic Power Allocation 97 3.2.3.2 The Case with Direct Link 99 3.2.3.3 The Case Without Direct Link 104 3.2.4 Optimal Solution for the No-Delay-Constrained Case 106 3.2.4.1 Optimal Source Power Allocation 106 3.2.4.2 Optimal Relay Power Allocation 109 3.2.4.3 Optimal Rate Scheduling 111 3.2.4.4 Throughput Comparison: DC versus NDC 112 3.2.5 Numerical Results 113 3.3 Large Relay Networks 115 3.3.1 System Model and Assumptions 115 3.3.2 Average Throughput for Threshold-Based Transmissions 117 3.3.2.1 Threshold-Based Transmission 117 3.3.2.2 Markov Property of the Transmission Scheme 118 3.3.3 Transmission Threshold Optimization 120 3.3.3.1 Convexification via Randomization 120 3.3.3.2 State-DependentThreshold Optimization 122 3.3.3.3 State-Oblivious Transmission Threshold 123 3.3.4 Numerical Results 124 3.4 Summary 125
• 4 Cross-Layer Design for Energy Harvesting Links 127 4.1 Introduction 127 4.2 Completion Time and Delay Minimization 128 4.2.1 Completion Time Minimization 128 4.2.1.1 Offline Optimum 129 4.2.1.2 Online Settings 130 4.2.1.3 Preliminaries on Competitive Analysis 131 4.2.2 A 2-Competitive Online Algorithm 131 4.2.3 Game-Theoretic Analysis on the Completion Time Minimization 134 4.2.3.1 The Action Set of the Nature 134 4.2.3.2 The Action Set of the Transmitter 136 4.2.3.3 Two-Person Zero-Sum Game 137 4.2.3.4 Discussions 140 4.2.4 Delay-Optimal Energy Management 142 4.2.4.1 Formulation 142 4.2.4.2 Offline Analysis 142 4.2.4.3 Online Analysis 143 4.3 Traffic-Aware Base Station Sleeping in Renewable Energy-Powered Cellular Networks 144 4.3.1 System Model of a Renewable Energy-Powered Cellular Network 144 4.3.1.1 Power Consumption Model 144 4.3.1.2 Traffic Model 145 4.3.1.3 Channel Model 146 4.3.2 Blocking Probability Analysis 147 4.3.2.1 Service Blocking Probability 147 4.3.2.2 Relation Between P(b)G and ----(b) 149 4.3.2.3 Overall Blocking Probability 149 4.3.3 Power Grid Energy Minimization 150 4.3.3.1 Problem Formulation 150 4.3.3.2 Optimal DP Algorithm 151 4.3.3.3 Two-Stage DP Algorithm 153 4.3.3.4 Heuristic Algorithms 155 4.3.4 Numerical Simulations 156 4.3.4.1 Single-Cell Case 157 4.3.4.2 3-Sector Case 158 4.4 Summary 163 Part II Energy Harvesting Network Optimization 167
• 5 Energy Harvesting Ad Hoc Networks 169 5.1 Distributed Opportunistic Scheduling 169 5.1.1 System Model 169 5.1.2 Transmission Scheduling 171 5.1.2.1 Problem Formulation 171 5.1.2.2 Optimal Stopping Rule for Constant EH Model 175 5.1.2.3 Optimal Stopping Rule for i.i.d. EH Model 179 5.1.3 Battery Dynamics 180 5.1.3.1 Battery with Constant EH Model 180 5.1.3.2 Battery with i.i.d. EH Model 183 5.1.4 Computation of the Optimal Throughput 184 5.1.5 Numerical Results 184 5.2 Multiuser Gain Analysis 187 5.2.1 System Model 187 5.2.2 Centralized Access 188 5.2.2.1 Fixed TDMA 189 5.2.2.2 Energy-Greedy Access 191 5.2.3 Distributed Access 196 5.2.4 Numerical Analysis and Discussions 199 5.3 Summary 200
• 6 Cost-Aware Design for Energy Harvesting Powered Cellular Networks 203 6.1 Introduction 203 6.2 Energy Supply and Demand of Cellular Systems 205 6.3 Energy Cooperation 207 6.3.1 Aggregator-Assisted Energy Trading 207 6.3.2 Aggregator-Assisted Energy Sharing 208 6.4 Communication Cooperation 209 6.4.1 Cost-Aware Traffic Offloading 210 6.4.2 Cost-Aware Spectrum Sharing 210 6.4.3 Cost-Aware Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) 211 6.5 Joint Energy and Communication Cooperation 211 6.5.1 A Case Study 212 6.6 Joint Aggregator-Assisted Energy Trading and CoMP 214 6.7 Joint Aggregator-Assisted Energy Sharing and CoMP 226 6.7.1 System Model 226 6.7.2 Optimal Solution 230 6.7.3 Numerical Results 232 6.8 Extensions and Future Directions 235 6.9 Summary 236
• 7 Energy Harvesting in Next-Generation Cellular Networks 239 7.1 Introduction 239 7.2 Energy Harvesting Hyper-cellular Networks 240 7.2.1 System Model 240 7.2.1.1 HCNs with Hybrid Energy Supply 240 7.2.1.2 Traffic and Channel Model 241 7.2.1.3 Power Consumption Model 242 7.2.1.4 Green Energy Supply Model 243 7.2.2 Analysis of Power Supply and Demand 244 7.2.2.1 Energy Queue Analysis 244 7.2.2.2 Outage Probability Analysis 245 7.2.3 Optimization in the Single-SBS Case 248 7.2.3.1 Single HSBS 248 7.2.3.2 Single-RSBS Case 250 7.2.4 Optimization in the Multi-SBS Case 253 7.2.4.1 Problem Formulation 253 7.2.4.2 SBS Reactivation and TEATO Scheme 254 7.2.5 Simulation Results 255 7.2.5.1 Power Saving Gain of the Single-SBS Case 255 7.2.5.2 Network Power Saving Gain 257 7.3 Proactive Content Caching and Push with Energy Harvesting-Based Small Cells 259 7.3.1 Network Architecture and Proactive Service Provisioning 260 7.3.1.1 Exploiting the Content and Energy Timeliness 261 7.3.1.2 Energy Harvesting-Based Caching and Push: A Simple Policy Design Example 263 7.3.2 Policy Optimization for Content Push 265 7.3.2.1 Model for Content Push at the Energy Harvesting-Based SBS 266 7.3.2.2 Optimal Policy with Finite Battery Capacity 268 7.3.2.3 MDP Problem Formulation and Optimization 269 7.3.2.4 Threshold-Based Policies 272 7.3.2.5 Numerical Results 279 7.4 Summary 283 Part III Appendices 287 A Convex Optimization 289 B Markov Decision Process 297 C Optimal Stopping Theory 307 Index 315.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Energy Harvesting Wireless Communications offers a review of the most current research as well as the basic concepts, key ideas and powerful tools of energy harvesting wireless communications. Energy harvesting is both renewable and cheap and has the potential for many applications in future wireless communication systems to power transceivers by utilizing environmental energy such as solar, thermal, wind, and kinetic energy. The authors-noted experts in the field-explore the power allocation for point-to-point energy harvesting channels, power allocation for multi-node energy harvesting channels, and cross-layer design for energy harvesting links. In addition, they offer an in-depth examination of energy harvesting network optimization and cover topics such as energy harvesting ad hoc networks, cost aware design for energy harvesting assisted cellular networks, and energy harvesting in next generation cellular networks.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Energy Fundamentals Energy Materials Energy Production Energy Conversion Energy Management.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Comprehensive Energy Systems provides a unified source of information covering the entire spectrum of energy, one of the most significant issues humanity has to face. This comprehensive book describes traditional and novel energy systems, from single generation to multi-generation, also covering theory and applications. In addition, it also presents high-level coverage on energy policies, strategies, environmental impacts and sustainable development. No other published work covers such breadth of topics in similar depth. High-level sections include Energy Fundamentals, Energy Materials, Energy Production, Energy Conversion, and Energy Management.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)