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• Endohedral Metallofullerenes: an overview.- Electron Transfer in Solution.- Ions of Endohedral Fullerenes in the Gas Phase.- Electron Transfer in Solid State.- Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Endohedral Fullerenes.- Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Metallofullerenes.- Magnetic Properties of Endohedral Metallofullerenes.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Endohedral Metallofullerenes.- Spin states in N@C60 and other Non-Metal Endohedral Fullerenes.- Ortho and Para Hydrogen states in H2@C60.- Quantum Computing with Endohedral Fullerenes.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book discusses recent progress in endohedral fullerenes - their production and separation techniques, as well as their characterization and properties. Furthermore, the book delves into the all-important issue of stability by investigating electron transfer between the encapsulated metal species and the carbon cage. It also reviews spin-based phenomena caused by the shielding of endohedral spin by the fullerene, and analyzes formation of the spin states by charge transfer as studied by electron spin resonance. Tuning of charge states of endohedral species and of spin states of both the cage and the cluster are explained. Finally, the book considers the recent discovery of magnetism in some endohedral fullerenes, and the potential for quantum computing.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Endohedral Metallofullerenes: an overview.- Electron Transfer in Solution.- Ions of Endohedral Fullerenes in the Gas Phase.- Electron Transfer in Solid State.- Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Endohedral Fullerenes.- Electron Spin Resonance Studies of Metallofullerenes.- Magnetic Properties of Endohedral Metallofullerenes.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Endohedral Metallofullerenes.- Spin states in N@C60 and other Non-Metal Endohedral Fullerenes.- Ortho and Para Hydrogen states in H2@C60.- Quantum Computing with Endohedral Fullerenes.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book discusses recent progress in endohedral fullerenes - their production and separation techniques, as well as their characterization and properties. Furthermore, the book delves into the all-important issue of stability by investigating electron transfer between the encapsulated metal species and the carbon cage. It also reviews spin-based phenomena caused by the shielding of endohedral spin by the fullerene, and analyzes formation of the spin states by charge transfer as studied by electron spin resonance. Tuning of charge states of endohedral species and of spin states of both the cage and the cluster are explained. Finally, the book considers the recent discovery of magnetism in some endohedral fullerenes, and the potential for quantum computing.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Overview of the electron transfer processes
• electrode processes
• theory of electrochemical electron transfer reactions
• electron transfer at metal and semiconductor surfaces
• de-sensitized electron injection into semiconductor electrodes
• electron transfer from quantum confined states.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This text provides a theoretical treatment of surface electron transfer processes. The emphasis is on the electronic coupling of molecular potentials to conduction band states. It provides a comprehensive treatise of electron transfer theory and experimental studies aimed at refining the theory. The book aims to clarify the differences between electron transfer in solution (homogeneous electron transfer) and at surfaces (heterogenous electron transfer). It should be of particular interest to researchers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Carbenoids, nitrenoids, oxenoids - very electrophilic "anions"
• electron transfer at the solid liquid interface
• alkali metals plus complexants - from alkalides and electrides to aromatic anions
• polymer catalysts for important photoelectron transfer reactions
• novel electron transfer polymerization processes with alkali metal supramolecular complex as catalyst
• machanistic aspects of the olefin polymerization with metallocene catalysts
• electron transfer in some nucleophilic reactions
• scission of C-C-Bonds via electron transfer processes
• new adventures with divalent carbon intermediates
• inner sphere and outer sphere electron transfer reactions in atom transfer radical polymerization
• grafting and initiation reactions
• electron photoejection and its application in studies of electron transfers
• "bonding" electropolymerization
• intra- and intermolecular reactions of nucleophilic carbenes
• initiation of cationic polymerization by photoinduced electron transfer
• a chemical scale for evaluating the electron transfer ability of alkylcopper reagents.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This symposium covered recent developments on electron transfer in organic chemistry, physical chemistry, chemical physics, polymer chemistry, bio-organic chemistry, and biochemistry and materials science.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface.
• Chapter 1. Single Electron Transfer at an Electrode.1.1 Introduction.1.2 Cyclic Voltammetry of Fast Electron Transfers.1.3 Technical Aspects.1.4 Electron Transfer Kinetics.1.5 Successive One-Electron Transfers vs. Two-Electron Transfers.References and Notes.
• Chapter 2. Coupling of Electrode Electron Transfers with Homogeneous Chemical Reactions.2.1 Introduction.2.2 Establishing the Mechanisms and Measuring the Rate Constants for Homogeneous Reactions by Means of Cyclic Voltammetry and Potential Step Chronoamperometry.2.3 Application of Redox Catalysis to the Kinetic Characterization of Fast Follow-up Reactions.2.4 Product Distribution in Preparative Electrolysis.2.5 Chemical Classification and Examples.2.6 Redox Properties of Transient Radicals.2.7 Electrochemistry as a Trigger for Radical Chemistry or Ionic Chemistry.References and Notes.
• Chapter 3. Electron Transfer, Bond Breaking, and Bond Formation.3.1 Introduction.3.2 Dissociative Electron Transfer.3.3 Interactions Between Fragments in the Product Cluster.3.4 Stepwise vs. Concerted Mechanisms.3.5 Cleavage of Ion Radicals. Reactions of Radicals with Nucleophiles.3.6 Role of Solvent in Ion-radical Cleavage and in Stepwise vs. Concerted Competitions.3.7 Dichotomy and Connections between SN2 Reactions and Dissociative Electron Transfers.References and Notes.
• Chapter 4. Molecular catalysis of Electrochemical Reactions.4.1 Introduction.4.2 Homogeneous Molecular Catalysis.4.3 Supported Molecular catalysis (Immobilized catalysts).References and Notes.
• Chapter 5. Enzymatic Catalysis of Electrochemical Reactions.5.1 Introduction.5.2 Homogeneous Enzymatic Catalysis.5.3 Immobilized Enzymes in Monomolecular Layers.5.4 Spatially Ordered Multimonomolecular Layered Enzyme coatings.References and Notes.
• Chapter 6. Appendixes.6.1 Single Electron Transfer at an Electrode.6.2 Coupling of Homogeneous Chemical Reactions with Electron transfer.6.3 Electron Transfer, Bond Breaking, and Bond Formation.6.4 Analysis of Supported Molecular catalysis by Rotating Disk Electrode Voltammetry.6.5 Enzymatic catalysis Responses.References and Notes.Glossary of Symbols.Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book is based on the George Fisher Baker Lecture given by Jean Michel Saveant at Cornell University in Fall 2002. This is the first book focusing on molecular electrochemistry. It relates to other fields, including photochemistry and biochemistry. It outlines clearly the connection between concepts, experimental illustrations, proofs and supporting methods. It appendixes to provide rigorous demonstrations to prevent an overload of algebra in the main text. Applications are oriented, focused on analyzing the results obtained rather than the methodology.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Some Theoretical Prerequisites. The Tunnel Effect in Physical, Chemical and Biological Processes. Elements of Dielectric Theory. Charge Transfer in Solids. The Simplest Chemical Process: Electron Transfer. Some Selected Experimental Data for Simple Electron Transfer Reactions. Towards More Precise Electron Transfer Theory. Optical Charge Transfer in Allowed and Forbidden Transitions. Elements of Proton and Other Light-Atom Transfer Theory. The Electrochemical Process. Elements of Long-Range and Multi-Level Electron Transfer. Stochastic Views in Chemical Rate Theory. Elements of Charge Transfer in Biological Systems. Perspectives and Outlook. Appendices. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Electron Transfer in Chemistry and Biology An Introduction to the Theory Alexander M. Kuznetsov Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Jens Ulstrup Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark Electron transfer is perhaps the single most important physical event in chemical, electrochemical, photochemical, biochemical, and biophysical processes. The focus and ubiquity of electron transfer is intriguing and exciting but a coherent and comprehensive approach to this topic is at the same time a challenge. Electron Transfer in Chemistry and Biology provides a thorough and didactic approach to the theoretical basis of electron transfer phenomena. Not only does it offer a full introduction to this area and a discussion of its historical development, it also gives detailed explanations of difficult issues, for example, long-range electron transfers, stochastic and dynamic processes, and biological features. A wide variety of readers will find this volume of great interest, ranging from final year undergraduate students, postgraduate students and university lecturers, to research staff in numerous fields including medical companies, electronics industry, catalysis research and development, chemical industry and some hospitals.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Contents: T. Clark, Ab Initio Calculations on Electron-Transfer Catalysis by Metal Ions.- A. Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, J.-P. Lecomte, J.M. Kelly, Photoreactions of Metal Complexes with DNA, Especially Those Involving a Primary Photo-Electron Transfer.- J. Mattay, S. Hintz, A. Heidbreder, Radical Ion Cyclizations.- S. Steenken, One Electron Redox Reactions Between Radicals and Organic Molecules. An Addition/Elimination (Inner-Sphere) Path.- R.C. Jennings, G. Zucchelli, R. Bassi, Antenna Structure and Energy Transfer in Higher Plant Photosystems.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Contents: M. Baumgarten, K. M?llen, Mainz, FRG: Radical Ions: Where Organic Chemistry Meets Materials Sciences.- R. Memming, Hannover, FRG: Photoinduced Charge Transfer Processes at Semiconductor Electrodes and Particles.- M. Schmittel, Freiburg, FRG: Umpolung of Ketones via Enol Radical Cations.- W. Kaim, Stuttgart, FRG: Thermal and Light Induced Electron Transfer Reactions of Main Group Metal Hydrides and Organometallics.- W. Rettig, Berlin, FRG: Photoinduced Charge Separation via Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer States.- K. Mizuno, Y. Otsuji, Osaka, Japan: Addition and Cycloaddition Reactions via Photoinduced Electron Transfer.- C.S. Foote, Los Angeles, CA: Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Fullerenes.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This work on electron transfer discusses topics such as: photoreactions of metal complexes with DNA, especially those involving a primary photo-electron transfer; radical ion cyclizations; and antenna structure and energy transfer in higher plant photosystems.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
This volume of research papers includes discussion of the photophysical and photochemical properties of fullerenes, photoinduced charge separation via intramolecular charge transfer states, and cycloaddition reactions via photoinduced electron transfer.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Elastic scattering of ions by atoms
• Inelastic ion-atom collisions - coupled channel models
• Charge exchange at very low energies - the peturbed stationary state model
• The impact parameter model
• Applications of the coupled channel impact parameter model
• Approximate solutions of coupled channel equations
• Intermediate energies
• Many-electron systems
• Non-relativistic models at high energies
• Charge exchange at relativistic energies
• Appendices
• References
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

During the last two decades the theory of ion-atom collisons, and particularly of charge-exchange reactions has advanced rapidly to the point where existing texts are no longer suitable as an introduction to the subject. This book aims to remedy the situation by providing an account of modern theoretical methods used to study the interaction of positive ions with atoms (or ions), concentrating particularly on charge exchange reactions. These reactions cannot be studied in isolation, and it is necessary to consider, to some extent, the whole range of ion-atom collisions leading to elastic scattering, excitation, and ionization. The material is presented at a level suitable for beginning research students and is self-contained, but assumes a knowledge of undergraduate quantum mechanics and atomic physics. It should also be useful for experimentalists who wish to assess the status of theoretical treatments of those collision processes in which they are interested.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Electron transfer phenomena: surface-ion neutralization
• excited He atom beam on metals. STM: dynamical behavior of solid surfaces
• laser desorption
• Xe excitation
• imaging and transfer of atoms. Adsorbed atoms - ions and molecules: acid-base interactions on oxides
• reactions of gas molecules on silicon
• carbon formation on a metal
• ortho-para hydrogen conversion on oxides. Structural studies: superconducting cuprate surfaces
• metal surfaces.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The subject of surface physics has now grown to become an exciting interdisciplinary field of research with important practical applications. The purpose of this book is to provide a guided tour of some recent advances, key research issues and approaches in electronic processes at solid surfaces. Apart from a few structural studies, selected topics have external probes, with the main emphasis on electron transfer phenomena.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface.
• 1. Fundamental Aspects of Electron Transfer and Related Processes (Part 1). Papers by: P.F. Barbara, D. Borgis, C.-K. Chan, L.X.-Q. Chen, T.J. DiMagno, G.R. Fleming, K. Fuke, G.L. Gaines III, D. Gosztola, Y. Hatano, Y. Hirata, J.T. Hynes, O. Kajimoto, T. Kakitani, K. Kaya, H.J. Kim, N. Mataga, H. Miyasaka, A. Nakajima, M.P. Niemczyk, J.R. Norris, M.P. O'Neill, L. Prodi, W. Rettig, S.J. Rosenthal, M. Saito, B.B. Smith, W.A. Svec, K. Tominaga, G.C. Walker, M.R. Wasielewski, X. Xie.
• 2. Fundamental Aspects of Electron Transfer and Related Processes (Part 2). Papers by: Y. Amatatsu, K. Ando, D. Baumann, W. Baumann, N. Boens, W. Bosma, F.C. De Schryver, N. Detzer, W. Haas, M.-A. Haga, Y. Harita, N. Helsen, K. Homma , K. Iwai, O. Kajimoto, S. Kato, M.M.H. Khalil, H.-B. Kim, S. Kinoshita, N. Kitamura, A.-D. Liu, D.M. Loffredo, A.K. Maiti, N. Mataga, S. Mukamel, H. Murakami, Z. Nagy, K. Nozaki, T. Ohno, T. Okada, H. Reis, S.V. Rodrigues, U.E. Steiner, H. Sumi, S. Tazuke, A.D. Trifunac, M. Van der Auweraer, P. Van Haver.
• 3. Electron and Energy Transfer in Molecular Aggregates and Polymers. Papers by: R.C. Ahuja, G. Caminati, L.F. Chi, W. Cordroch, J.A. Delaire, J.M. Drake, J. Faure, M. Fujihara, A. Itaya, S. Ito, R. Katoh, J. Klafter, M. Kotani, Z. Li, H. Masuhara, M. Matsumoto, D. Mobius, S. Ohmori, R. Pansu, S. Salhi, M. Sanquer-Barrie, S. Tagawa, N. Tamai, M. Yamamoto, I. Yamazaki, T. Yamazaki, Y. Yoshida.
• 4. Electron and Energy Transfer in Photosynthesis and Related Phenomena. Papers by: T. Asahi, M. Bixon, A.M. Brun, A. Harriman, S. Itoh, M. Iwaki, J. Jortner, K. Maruyama, N. Mataga, M. Mimuro, S. Nakajima, Y. Nishimura, A. Osuka, V. Sundstrom, F. Tanaka, R. van Grondelle, I. Yamazaki. Author index. Subject index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book contains papers which examine fundamental aspects of photoinduced electron transfer reactions, an area in which a number of breakthroughs have recently occurred. The book is divided into four parts. Parts I and II are mainly concerned with the fundamental aspects of the inter- and intra-molecular charge transfer, electron transfer and related phenomena such as solvent effects, solvation dynamics, energy gap dependences and radical pair dynamics. Part III is concerned with electron transfer and energy transfer phenomena in polymers, films, crystals, and other confined systems. In Part IV, the mechanisms of the energy and electron transfer in biological photosynthetic systems, proteins and reaction center systems are discussed.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1 BONDING AND ELECTRON DISTRIBUTION 1 1.1 The Decision-Based Approach To Organic Chemistry2 1.2 Ionic And Covalent Bonding 6 1.3 Lewis Structures And Resonance Forms 8 1.4 Curved-Arrow Notation 11 1.5 Nomenclature And Abbreviations 16 1.6 An Orbital View Of Bonding (Supplemental) 18 1.7 The Shapes Of Molecules 21 1.8 Molecular Repulsions, Attractions, And Hydrogen Bonding25 1.9 Conjugation, Vinylogy, Aromaticity 27 1.10 Summary 30 2 THE PROCESS OF BOND FORMATION 34 2.1 Energetics Control Knowledge 35 2.2 Orbital Overlap In Covalent Bond Formation 35 2.3 Orbital Interaction Diagrams 38 2.4 Polarizability And Hard And Soft Acid-Base Theory 41 2.5 Thermodynamics, Position Of Equilibrium 43 2.6 Kinetics, Rate Of Reaction 47 2.7 Solvent Stabilization Of Ions 53 2.8 Enzymatic Catalysis - Lessons From Biochemistry 55 2.9 Summary 57 3 PROTON TRANSFER AND THE PRINCIPLES OF STABILITY61 3.1 Introduction To Proton Transfer 62 3.2 Ranking Of Acids And Bases, The pKa Chart 63 3.3 Structural Factors That Influence Acid Strength 66 3.4 Structural Factors That Influence Base Strength 70 3.5 Carbon Acids & Ranking Of Electron-Withdrawing Groups71 3.6 Calculation Of Keq For Proton Transfer 76 3.7 Proton Transfer Mechanisms 77 3.8 Common Errors 81 3.9 Proton Transfer Product Predictions 82 3.10 Summary 83 4 IMPORTANT REACTION ARCHETYPES 88 4.1 Introduction To Reaction Archetypes 89 4.2 Nucleophilic Substitution At A Tetrahedral Center 89 4.3 Elimination Reactions Create Pi Bonds 110 4.4 Addition Reactions To Polarized Multiple Bonds 124 4.5 Nucleophilic Substitution At A Trigonal Planar Center133 4.6 Electrophilic Substitution At A Trigonal Planar Center140 4.7 Rearrangements To An Electrophilic Carbon 144 4.8 Reaction Archetype Summary 146 5 CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRON SOURCES 151 5.1 Generalized Ranking Of Electron Sources 151 5.2 Nonbonding Electrons 152 5.3 Electron-Rich Sigma Bonds 154 5.4 Electron-Rich Pi Bonds 155 5.5 Simple Pi Bonds 156 5.6 Aromatic Rings 159 5.7 Summary Of Generic Electron Sources 160 6 CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRON SINKS 166 6.1 Generalized Ranking Of Electron Sinks 166 6.2 Electron-Deficient Species 167 6.3 Weak Single Bonds 168 6.4 Polarized Multiple Bonds Without Leaving Groups 170 6.5 Polarized Multiple Bonds With Leaving Groups 172 6.6 Summary Of Generic Electron Sinks 173 7 THE ELECTRON FLOW PATHWAYS 179 7.1 The Dozen Most Common Pathways 180 7.2 Six Minor Pathways 191 7.3 Common Path Combinations 197 7.4 Variations On A Theme 201 7.5 Twelve Major Paths Summary And Crosschecks 208 8 INTERACTION OF ELECTRON SOURCES AND SINKS 213 8.1 Source And Sink Correlation Matrix 214 8.2 H-A Sinks Reacting With Common Sources 214 8.3 Y-L Sinks Reacting With Common Sources 218 8.4 sp3 C-L Sinks Reacting With Common Sources222 8.5 C=Y Sinks Reacting With Common Sources 227 8.6 R-C Y Sinks Reacting With Common Sources233 8.7 C=C?Ewg Sinks Reacting With Common Sources 235 8.8 L-C=Y Sinks Reacting With Common Sources 237 8.9 Miscellaneous Reactions 240 8.10 Metal Ions As Electron Sinks 242 8.11 Rearrangements To An Electrophilic Center 243 8.12 Nu-L Reactions 244 8.13 Product Matrix Summary 248 9 DECISIONS, DECISIONS 251 9.1 Decision Point Recognition 252 9.2 Multiple Additions 252 9.3 Regiochemistry & Stereochemistry Of Enolate Formation254 9.4 Ambident Nucleophiles 255 9.5 Substitution Vs. Elimination 258 9.6 Ambident Electrophiles 262 9.7 Intermolecular Vs. Intramolecular 263 9.8 To Migrate Or Not To An Electrophilic Center 264 9.8 Summary 266 10 CHOOSING THE MOST PROBABLE PATH 269 10.1 Problem-Solving In General 270 10.2 General Mechanistic Cross-Checks 274 10.3 The Path-Selection Process 276 10.4 Reaction Mechanism Strategies 278 10.5 Worked Mechanism Examples 279 10.6 Product Prediction Strategies 297 10.7 Worked Product Prediction Examples 297 10.8 Methods For Testing Mechanisms 313 10.9 Lessons from Biochemical Mechanisms 319 10.10 Summary 321 11 ONE-ELECTRON PROCESSES 326 11.1 Radical Structure And Stability 326 11.2 Radical Path Initiation 329 11.3 Major Paths For Radicals Reacting With Neutrals330 11.4 Unimolecular Radical Paths 332 11.5 Termination Radical Paths 333 11.6 Radical Path Combinations 333 11.7 Approaches To Radical Mechanisms 336 11.8 Single Electron Transfer, S.E.T., And ChargedRadicals 338 11.9 Dissolving Metal Reductions 339 11.10 Electron Transfer Initiated Processes 340 11.11 One-Electron Path Summary 340 12 QUALITATIVE M.O. THEORY & PERICYCLIC REACTIONS 343 12.1 Review Of Orbitals As Standing Waves 344 12.2 Molecular Orbital Theory For Linear Pi Systems344 12.3 Molecular Orbital Theory For Cyclic Conjugated PISystems 348 12.4 Perturbation Of The HOMO And LUMO 351 12.5 Delocalization Of Sigma Electrons (Supplemental)352 12.6 Concerted Pericyclic Cycloaddition Reactions 353 12.7 Concerted Pericyclic Electrocyclic Reactions 357 12.8 Concerted Pericyclic Sigmatropic Rearrangements359 12.9 Pericyclic Reactions Summary 361 APPENDIX (A COLLECTION OF IMPORTANT TOOLS) 364 General Bibliography 364 Abbreviations Used in This Text 365 Functional Group Glossary 366 Composite pKa Chart 369 Bond Strength Table 372 Generic Classification Guide 373 Flow Charts for the Classification of Electron Sources and Sinks375 Pathway Summary 375 Trends Guide 380 Major Routes Summary 384 Major Decisions Guide 388 Thermodynamics and Kinetics 390 Generation of Alternate Paths, Reaction Cubes 390 Organic Structure Elucidation Strategies 393 Notes on Nomenclature 399 HINTS TO PROBLEMS FROM CHAPTERS 8, 9, AND 10 404 INDEX 407.
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Using a mechanistic approach, the text explains and makes use of analysis tools rare in undergraduate organic chemistry texts (flow charts as decision maps, correlation matrices to show all possible interactions, and simplified energy surfaces used as problem space maps), helping readers develop a good intuition for organic chemistry and the ability to approach and solve complex problems methods of analysis that are valuable and portable to other fields. This revised Second Edition builds on and improves the legacy of the first edition's unique decision-based approach to teaching/learning organic chemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction - What is Nonadiabatic TransitionA"?
• Multidisciplinarity
• Historical Survey of Theoretical Studies
• Background Mathematics
• Basic Two-State Theory for Time-Independent Processes
• Basic Two-State Theory for Time-Dependent Processes
• Two-State Problems
• Effects of Coupling to Phonons and Quantum Devices
• Multi-Channel Problems
• Multi-Dimensional Problems
• Complete Reflection and Bound States in the Continuum
• New Mechanism of Molecular Switching
• Control of Nonadiabatic Processes by an External Field
• Comprehension of Nonadiabatic Chemical Dynamics
• Control of Chemical Dynamics
• Manifestation of Molecular Functions
• Conclusions: Future Perspectives.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Nonadiabatic transition is a highly multidisciplinary concept and phenomenon, constituting a fundamental mechanism of state and phase changes in various dynamical processes of physics, chemistry and biology, such as molecular dynamics, energy relaxation, chemical reaction, and electron and proton transfer. Control of molecular processes by laser fields is also an example of time-dependent nonadiabatic transition.In this new edition, the original chapters are updated to facilitate enhanced understanding of the concept and applications. Three new chapters - comprehension of nonadiabatic chemical dynamics, control of chemical dynamics, and manifestation of molecular functions - are also added.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction - what is "nonadiabatic transition"?
• multidisciplinarity
• historical survey of theoretical studies
• background mathematics
• basic two-state theory for time-independent processes
• basic two-state theory for time-dependent processes
• two-state problems
• effects of dissipation and fluctuation
• multi-channel problems
• multi-dimensional problems
• complete reflection and bound states in the continuum
• new mechanism of molecular switching
• control of nonadiabatic processes by an external field
• conclusions - future perspectives.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Nonadiabatic transition is a highly multidisciplinary concept and phenomenon, constituting a fundamental mechanism of state and phase changes in various dynamical processes of physics, chemistry and biology, such as molecular dynamics, energy relaxation, chemical reaction, and electron and proton transfer. Control of molecular processes by laser fields is also an example of time-dependent nonadiabatic transition. Thus, nonadiabatic transition represents one of the very basic mechanisms of the mutability of the world. This work has been written because the complete analytical solutions to the basic problem have recently been formulated by the author.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)