• PART I: THE MOLECULAR DESIGN OF LIFE Section 1. Biochemistry 1. Biochemistry and the Unity of Life 2. Water, Weak Bonds and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos Section 2. Protein Composition and Structure 3. Amino Acids 4. Protein Three-Dimensional Structure 5. Techniques in Protein Biochemistry Section 3. Basic Concepts and Kinetics of Enzymes 6. Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action 7. Kinetics and Regulation 8. Mechanisms and Inhibitors 9. Hemoglobin, An Allosteric Protein Section 4. Carbohydrates and Lipids 10. Carbohydrates 11. Lipids Section 5. Cell Membranes, Channels, Pumps and Receptors 12. Membrane Structure and Function 13. Signal-Transduction Pathways PART II: TRANSDUCING AND STORING ENERGY Section 6. Basic Concepts and Design of Metabolism 14. Digestion: Turning a Meal into Cellular Biochemicals 15. Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design Section 7. Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis 16. Glycolysis 17. Gluconeogenesis Section 8. The Citric Acid Cycle 18. Preparation for the cycle 19. Harvesting electrons from the cycle Section 9. Oxidative Phosphorylation 20. The Electron-Transport Chain 21. The Proton-Motive Force Section 10. The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis and the Calvin Cycle 22. The Light Reactions 23. The Calvin Cycle Section 11. Glycogen Metabolism and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway 24. Glycogen Degradation 25. Glycogen Synthesis 26. The Pentose Phosphate Pathway Section 12. Fatty Acid and Lipid Metabolism 27. Fatty Acid Degradation 28. Fatty Acid Synthesis 29. Lipid Synthesis: Storage Lipids, Phospholipids, and Cholesterol Section 13. The Metabolism of Nitrogen-Containing Molecules 30. Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle 31. Amino Acid Synthesis 32. Nucleotide Metabolism PART III: SYNTHESIZING THE MOLECULES OF LIFE Section 14. Nucleic Acid Structure and DNA Replication 33. The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: DNA and RNA 34. DNA Replication 35. DNA Repair and Recombination Section 15. RNA Synthesis, Processing and Regulation 36. RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Bacteria 37. Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 38. RNA Processing in Eukaryotes Section 16. Protein Synthesis and Recombinant DNA Techniques 39. The Genetic Code 40. The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis 41. Recombinant DNA Techniques.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9781464126130 20160618

Derived from the classic text originated by Lubert Stryer and continued by John Tymoczko and Jeremy Berg, " Biochemistry: A Short Course" focuses on the major topics taught in a one-semester biochemistry course. With its short chapters and relevant examples, it s uniquely effective in helping students see the connections between the biochemistry they re studying and their own lives. This new edition takes into account recent discoveries and advances that have changed how we think about the fundamental concepts in biochemistry and human health. A number of new interactive features are designed to help instructors create a more active environment in the classroom. Those new resources are found in LaunchPad, the third edition s dedicated version of W.H. Freeman s breakthrough online course space.".
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9781464126130 20160618

• Preface xv Preface to Second Edition xvii Preface to First Edition xix Acknowledgments xxi About the Author xxiii Chapter 1: Introduction to Polymer Science 1 1.1 Classification of Polymers 3 1.2 Polymer Structure 8 1.3 Molecular Weight 15 1.4 Chemical Structure and Thermal Transitions 20 Suggested Reading 22 Problems 22 References 24 Chapter 2: Polymer Synthesis 25 2.1 Step-Growth Polymerization 26 2.2 Chain-Growth Polymerization 31 2.3 Polymerization Techniques 64 2.4 Polymer Reactivity 74 2.5 Special Topics in Polymer Synthesis 81 2.6 Chemical Structure Determination 86 Suggested Reading 92 Problems 95 References 98 Chapter 3: Conformation, Solutions, and Molecular Weight 101 3.1 Polymer Conformation and Chain Dimensions 102 3.2 Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions 109 3.3 Measurement of Molecular Weight 129 Suggested Reading 146 Problems 146 References 150 Chapter 4: Solid-State Properties 153 4.1 The Amorphous State 154 4.2 The Crystalline State 159 4.3 Thermal Transitions and Properties 167 4.4 Mechanical Properties 183 Suggested Reading 202 Problems 203 References 204 Chapter 5: Viscoelasticity and Rubber Elasticity 207 5.1 Introduction to Viscoelasticity 208 5.2 Introduction to Rubber Elasticity 248 Suggested Reading 255 Problems 256 References 259 Chapter 6: Polymer Degradation and the Environment 261 6.1 Polymer Degradation and Stability 262 6.2 Management of Plastics in the Environment 272 Suggested Reading 279 References 279 Chapter 7: Additives, Blends, Block Copolymers, and Composites 281 7.1 Additives 282 7.2 Polymer Blends and Interpenetrating Networks 293 7.3 Block Copolymers 306 7.4 Composites 310 7.5 Nanocomposites 318 Suggested Reading 326 Problems 328 References 329 Chapter 8: Biopolymers, Natural Polymers, and Fibers 331 8.1 Biopolymers and Other Naturally Occuring Polymers 332 8.2 Fibers 346 Suggested Reading 358 Problems 359 References 359 Chapter 9: Thermoplastics, Elastomers, and Thermosets 361 9.1 Commodity Thermoplastics 362 9.2 Elastomers 374 9.3 Thermosets 386 Suggested Reading 393 Problems 394 References 395 Chapter 10: Engineering and Specialty Polymers 397 10.1 Engineering Plastics 399 10.2 Specialty Polymers 412 Suggested Reading 431 Problems 433 References 433 Chapter 11: Polymer Processing and Rheology 435 11.1 Basic Processing Operations 436 11.2 Introduction to Polymer Rheology 446 11.3 Analysis of Simple Flows 461 11.4 Rheometry 468 11.5 Modeling of Polymer-Processing Operations 476 Appendices 485 Suggested Reading 487 Problems 488 References 491 Chapter 12: Polymers for Advanced Technologies 493 12.1 Membrane Science and Technology 494 12.2 Biomedical Engineering and Drug Delivery 526 12.3 Applications in Electronics and Energy 533 12.4 Photonic Polymers 541 12.5 Sensor Applications 544 Suggested Reading 547 Problems 550 References 550 Chapter 13: Correlations and Simulations in Polymer Science 553 13.1 Group-Contribution Methods 554 13.2 Topological Indices 574 13.3 Artificial Neural Network 578 13.4 Molecular Simulations 581 13.5 Applications of Molecular Simulations 591 Suggested Reading 611 Problems 612 References 612 Appendix A: Polymer Abbreviations 617 Appendix B Representative Properties of Some Important Commercial Polymers 621 Appendix C ASTM Standards for Plastics and Rubber 623 Appendix D SI Units and Physical Constants 627 Appendix E Mathematical Relationships 629 Appendix F The Major Elements 635 Index 637.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780137039555 20160617

The Definitive Guide to Polymer Principles, Properties, Synthesis, Applications, and Simulations Now fully revised, Polymer Science and Technology, Third Edition, systematically reviews the field's current state and emerging advances. Leading polymer specialist Joel R. Fried offers modern coverage of both processing principles and applications in multiple industries, including medicine, biotechnology, chemicals, and electronics. This edition's new and expanded coverage ranges from advanced synthesis to the latest drug delivery applications. New topics include controlled radical polymerization, click chemistry, green chemistry, block copolymers, nanofillers, electrospinning, and more. A brand-new chapter offers extensive guidance for predicting polymer properties, including additional coverage of group correlations, and new discussions of the use of topological indices and neural networks. This is also the first introductory polymer text to fully explain computational polymer science, including molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo methods. Simulation concepts are supported with many application examples, ranging from prediction of PVT values to permeability and free volume. Fried thoroughly covers synthetic polymer chemistry; polymer properties in solution and in melt, rubber, and solid states; and all important categories of plastics. This revised edition also adds many new calculations, end-of-chapter problems, and references. In-depth coverage includes * Polymer synthesis: step- and chain-growth; bulk, solution, suspension, emulsion, solid-state, and plasma; ionic liquids, and macromers; and genetic engineering * Amorphous and crystalline states, transitions, mechanical properties, and solid-state characterization * Polymers and the environment: degradation, stability, and more * Additives, blends, block copolymers, and composites-including interpenetrating networks, nanocomposites, buckyballs, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and POSS * Biopolymers, natural polymers, fibers, thermoplastics, elastomers, and thermosets * Engineering and specialty polymers, from polycarbonates to ionic polymers and high-performance fibers * Polymer rheology, processing, and modeling * Correlations and simulations: group contribution, topological indices, artificial neural networks, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo simulations.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780137039555 20160617

• Biochemistry: an evolving science
• Protein composition and structure
• Exploring proteins and proteomes
• DNA, RNA, and the flow of genetic information
• Exploring genes and genomes
• Exploring evolution and bioinformatics
• Hemoglobin: portrait of a protein in action
• Enzymes: basic concepts and kinetics
• Catalytic strategies
• Regulatory strategies
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids and cell membranes
• Membrane channels and pumps
• Signal-transduction pathways
• Metabolism: basic concepts and design
• Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
• The citric acid cycle
• Oxidative phosphorylation
• The light reactions of photosynthesis
• The calvin cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway
• Glycogen metabolism
• Fatty acid metabolism
• Protein turnover and amino acid catabolism
• The biosynthesis of amino acids
• Nucleotide biosynthesis
• The biosynthesis of membrane lipids and steroids
• The integration of metabolism
• DNA replication, repair, and recombination
• RNA synthesis and processing
• Protein synthesis
• The control of gene expression in prokaryotes
• The control of gene expression in eukaryotes
• Sensory systems
• The immune system
• Molecular motors
• Drug development.

• Foreword by P-G DeGennes for the First Edition-- Introduction-- What Does a Polymer Molecule Look Like?-- How Are Polymers Made?-- What Kinds of Polymer Substances Are There?-- Polymers in Nature-- The Mathematics of a Simple Polymer Coil-- The Physics of High Elasticity-- The Problem of Excluded Volume-- Coils and Globules-- Dynamics of Polymeric Fluids-- To Knot or Not to Knot-- The Mathematics of Complicated Polymer Structures: Fractals-- Polymers and the Origin of Life.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9789812839220 20160605

This book describes the basic facts, concepts and ideas of polymer physics in simple, yet scientifically accurate, terms. In both scientific and historic contexts, the book shows how the subject of polymers is fascinating, as it is behind most of the wonders of living cell machinery as well as most of the new developments in materials. No mathematics is used in the book beyond modest high school algebra, yet very sophisticated concepts are introduced and explained, ranging from scaling and reptations to protein folding and evolution. This new edition includes an extended section on polymer preparation methods, discusses knots formed by molecular filaments, and presents new and updated materials on polymer properties of proteins and their roles in biological evolution.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9789812839220 20160605

• CONCEPTS, NOMENCLATURE AND SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERS Concepts and Nomenclature The Origins of Polymer Science and the Polymer Industry Basic Definitions and Nomenclature Molar Mass and Degree of Polymerization Principles of Polymerization Introduction Classification of Polymerization Reactions Monomer Functionality and Polymer Skeletal Structure Functional Group Reactivity and Molecular Size: The Principle of Equal Reactivity Step Polymerization Introduction Linear Step Polymerization Non-Linear Step Polymerization Radical Polymerization Introduction to Radical Polymerization The Chemistry of Conventional Free-Radical Polymerization Kinetics of Conventional Free-Radical Polymerization Free-Radical Polymerization Processes Reversible-Deactivation ('Living') Radical Polymerizations Non-Linear Radical Polymerizations Ionic Polymerization Introduction to Ionic Polymerization Cationic Polymerization Anionic Polymerization Group-Transfer Polymerization Stereochemistry and Coordination Polymerization Introduction to Stereochemistry of Polymerization Tacticity of Polymers Geometric Isomerism in Polymers Prepared from Conjugated Dienes Ziegler-Natta Coordination Polymerization Metallocene Coordination Polymerization Ring-Opening Polymerization Introduction to Ring-Opening Polymerization Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization Free-Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Specialized Methods of Polymer Synthesis Introduction Solid-State Topochemical Polymerization Polymerization by Oxidative Coupling Precursor Routes to Intractable Polymers Supramolecular Polymerization (Polyassociation) Copolymerization Introduction Step Copolymerization Chain Copolymerization Block Copolymer Synthesis Graft Copolymer Synthesis CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERS Theoretical Description of Polymers in Solution Introduction Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions Chain Dimensions Frictional Properties of Polymer Molecules in Dilute Solution Number-Average Molar Mass Introduction to Measurements of Number-Average Molar Mass Membrane Osmometry Vapour Pressure Osmometry Ebulliometry and Cryoscopy End-Group Analysis Effects of Low Molar Mass Impurities upon Mn Scattering Methods Introduction Static Light Scattering Dynamic Light Scattering Small-Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering Frictional Properties of Polymers in Solution Introduction Dilute Solution Viscometry Ultracentrifugation Molar Mass Distribution Introduction Fractionation Gel Permeation Chromatography Field-Flow Fractionation Mass Spectroscopy Chemical Composition and Molecular Microstructure Introduction Principles of Spectroscopy Ultraviolet and Visible Light Absorption Spectroscopy Infrared Spectroscopy Raman Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Mass Spectroscopy PHASE STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY OF BULK POLYMERS The Amorphous State Introduction The Glass Transition Factors Controlling the Tg Macromolecular Dynamics The Crystalline State Introduction Determination of Crystal Structure Polymer Single Crystals Semi-Crystalline Polymers Liquid Crystalline Polymers Defects in Crystalline Polymers Crystallization Melting Multicomponent Polymer Systems Introduction Polymer Blends Block Copolymers PROPERTIES OF BULK POLYMERS Elastic Deformation Introduction Elastic Deformation Elastic Deformation of Polymers Viscoelasticity Introduction Viscoelastic Mechanical Models Boltzmann Superposition Principle Dynamic Mechanical Testing Frequency Dependence of Viscoelastic Behaviour Transitions and Polymer Structure Time-Temperature Superposition Effect of Entanglements Non-Linear Viscoelasticity Elastomers Introduction Thermodynamics of Elastomer Deformation Statistical Theory of Elastomer Deformation Stress-Strain Behaviour of Elastomers Factors Affecting Mechanical Behaviour Yield and Crazing Introduction Phenomenology of Yield Yield Criteria Deformation Mechanisms Crazing Fracture and Toughening Introduction Fundamentals of Fracture Mechanics of Fracture Fracture Phenomena Toughened Polymers Polymer Composites Introduction to Composite Materials Matrix Materials Types of Reinforcement Composite Composition Particulate Reinforcement Fibre Reinforcement Nanocomposites Electrical Properties Introduction to Electrical Properties Dielectric Properties Conduction in Polymers Polymer Electronics Answers to Problems Index Problems and Further Reading appear at the end of each chapter.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780849339295 20160607

Thoroughly updated, Introduction to Polymers, Third Edition presents the science underpinning the synthesis, characterization and properties of polymers. The material has been completely reorganized and expanded to include important new topics and provide a coherent platform for teaching and learning the fundamental aspects of contemporary polymer science. New to the Third Edition Part I This first part covers newer developments in polymer synthesis, including 'living' radical polymerization, catalytic chain transfer and free-radical ring-opening polymerization, along with strategies for the synthesis of conducting polymers, dendrimers, hyperbranched polymers and block copolymers. Polymerization mechanisms have been made more explicit by showing electron movements. Part II In this part, the authors have added new topics on diffusion, solution behaviour of polyelectrolytes and field-flow fractionation methods. They also greatly expand coverage of spectroscopy, including UV visible, Raman, infrared, NMR and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the Flory-Huggins theory for polymer solutions and their phase separation is treated more rigorously. Part III A completely new, major topic in this section is multicomponent polymer systems. The book also incorporates new material on macromolecular dynamics and reptation, liquid crystalline polymers and thermal analysis. Many of the diagrams and micrographs have been updated to more clearly highlight features of polymer morphology. Part IV The last part of the book contains major new sections on polymer composites, such as nanocomposites, and electrical properties of polymers. Other new topics include effects of chain entanglements, swelling of elastomers, polymer fibres, impact behaviour and ductile fracture. Coverage of rubber-toughening of brittle plastics has also been revised and expanded. While this edition adds many new concepts, the philosophy of the book remains unchanged. Largely self-contained, the text fully derives most equations and cross-references topics between chapters where appropriate. Each chapter not only includes a list of further reading to help readers expand their knowledge of the subject but also provides problem sets to test understanding, particularly of numerical aspects.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780849339295 20160607

• Preface. Preface to First Edition. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction to Polymer Science. 2. Polymer Synthesis. 3. Confirmation, Solutions, and Molecular Weight. 4. Solid-State Properties. 5. Viscoelasticity and Rubber Elasticity. 6. Polymer Degradation and the Environment. 7. Additives, Blends, and Composites. 8. Biopolymers, Natural Polymers, and Fibers. 9. Thermoplastics, Elastomers, and Thermosets. 10. Engineering and Specialty Polymers. 11. Polymer Rheology and Processing. 12. Polymers for Advanced Technologies. Appendices. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780130181688 20160605

Appropriate for upper level undergraduate and graduate level courses in Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, and Materials Science and Engineering. It is also useful as a reference for Engineers and Chemists working in the synthetic plastics and chemical process industries. This book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of the current state of polymer science and technology and emerging areas of growth. In addition to synthetic polymer chemistry, the book also covers the properties of polymers in solutions and in the melt, rubber, and solid states, surveying all important categories of plastics. It includes detailed coverage of both polymer processing principles and the latest polymer applications in a wide range of industries-including medicine, biotechnology, chemicals, and electronics.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780130181688 20160605

• Introduction Birth of a Concept Some Basic Definitions Synthesis of Polymers Nomenclature Average Molar Masses and Distributions Size and Shape Configuration The Glass Transition Temperature Tg and the Melting Temperature Tm Elastomers, Fibers, and Plastics Fiber-Forming Polymers Plastics Thermosetting Polymers Elastomers Step-Growth Polymerization General Reactions Reactivity of Functional Groups Carothers Equation Control of the Molar Mass Stoichiometric Control of Mn Kinetics Molar Mass Distribution in Linear Systems Average Molar Masses Characteristics of Step-Growth Polymerization Typical Step-Growth Reactions Ring Formation Nonlinear Step-Growth Reactions Statistical Derivation Comparison with Experiment Polyurethanes Thermosetting Polymers Free-Radical Addition Polymerization Addition Polymerization Choice of Initiators Free-Radical Polymerization Initiators Chain Growth Termination Steady-State Kinetics High-Conversion Bulk Polymerizations Chain Transfer Inhibitors and Retarders Activation Energies and the Effect of Temperature Thermodynamics of Radical Polymerization Heats of Polymerization Polymerization Processes Features of Free-Radical Polymerization Controlled Radical Polymerization Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerizations Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP Reverse ATRP Degenerative Chain Transfer Reaction (DT) Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) CRP of Vinyl Chloride The Kinetics of CRP Processes Application to Experimental Data Ionic Polymerization General Characteristics Cationic Polymerization Propagation by Cationic Chain Carriers Termination General Kinetic Scheme Energetics of Cationic Polymerization Telechelic Polymers via Cationic Polymerization Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization Stable Carbocations Anionic Polymerization Living Polymers Kinetics and Molar Mass Distribution in Living Anionic Systems Metal Alkyl Initiators Solvent and Gegen Ion Effects Anionic Ring-opening Polymerization Linear Copolymers and Other Architectures General Characteristics Composition Drift The Copolymer Equation Monomer Reactivity Ratios Reactivity Ratios and Copolymer Structure Monomer Reactivities and Chain Initiation Influence of Structural Effects on Monomer Reactivity Ratios The Q-e Scheme Alternating Copolymers Block Copolymer Synthesis Graft Copolymer Synthesis Statistical and Gradient Copolymers Complex Molecular Architectures Dendrimers Polymer Stereochemistry Architecture Orientation Configuration Geometric Isomerism Conformation of Stereoregular Polymers Factors Influencing Stereoregulation Homogeneous Stereospecific Cationic Polymerizations Homogeneous Stereoselective Anionic Polymerizations Homogeneous Diene Polymerization Summary Polymerization Reactions Initiated by Metal Catalysts and Transfer Reactions Polymerization Using Ziegler-Natta Catalysts Nature of Catalyst Nature of Active Centers Bimetallic Mechanism Monometallic Mechanism Stereoregulation Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) Monocyclic Monomers Bicyclo- and Tricyclomonomers Copolyalkenamers Living Systems Group Transfer Polymerization (GTP) Aldol Group Transfer Polymerization Metallocene Catalysts Concluding Remarks Polymers in Solution Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions Ideal Mixtures of Small Molecules Nonideal Solutions Flory-Huggins Theory: Entropy of Mixing Enthalpy Change on Mixing Free Energy of Mixing Limitations of the Flory-Huggins Theory Phase Equilibria Flory-Krigbaum Theory Location of the Theta Temperature Lower Critical Solution Temperatures Solubility and the Cohesive Energy Density Polymer-Polymer Mixtures Kinetics of Phase Separation Polymer Characterization - Molar Masses Introduction Molar Masses, Molecular Weights, and SI Units Number-Average Molar Mass Mn End-Group Assay Colligative Properties of Solutions Osmotic Pressure Light Scattering Dynamic Light Scattering Viscosity Gel Permeation Chromatography Maldi Polymer Characterization - Chain Dimensions, Structures, and Morphology Average Chain Dimensions Freely Jointed Chain Model Short-range Effects Chain Stiffness Treatment of Dilute Solution Data Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Infrared Spectroscopy Thermal Analysis Wide-Angle and Small-Angle Scattering Microscopy The Crystalline State and Partially Ordered Structures Introduction Mechanism of Crystallization Temperature and Growth Rate Melting Thermodynamic Parameters Crystalline Arrangement of Polymers Morphology and Kinetics Morphology Kinetics of Crystallization Block Copolymers Historical Development of Polymer Liquid Crystals Liquid Crystalline Phases Identification of the Mesophases Lyotropic Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers Thermotropic Main-Chain Liquid Crystal Polymers Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystal Polymers The Glassy State and Glass Transition The Amorphous State The Glassy State Relaxation Processes in the Glassy State Glass Transition Region Theoretical Treatments Dependence of Tg on Molar Mass Structural Relaxation and Physical Aging Rheology and Mechanical Properties Introduction to Rheology The Five Regions of Viscoelastic Behavior The Viscous Region Mechanical Properties Mechanical Models Describing Viscoelasticity Linear Viscoelastic Behavior of Amorphous Polymers Dynamic Mechanical and Dielectric Thermal Analysis Time-Temperature Superposition Principle Dynamic Viscosity A Molecular Theory for Viscoelasticity The Reptation Model The Elastomeric State General Introduction Experimental Vulcanization Properties of Elastomers Thermodynamic Aspects of Rubberlike Elasticity Nonideal Elastomers Distribution Function for Polymer Conformation Statistical Approach Swelling of Elastomeric Networks Network Defects Resilience of Elastomers Structure-Property Relations General Considerations Control of Tm and Tg Relation between Tm andTg Random Copolymers Dependence of Tm andTg on Copolymer Composition Block Copolymers Plasticizers Crystallinity and Mechanical Response Application to Fibers, Elastomers, and Plastics Fibers Aromatic Polyamides Polyethylene Elastomers and Cross-Linked Networks Plastics High-temperature Speciality Polymers Carbon Fibers Concluding Remarks Polymers for the Electronics Industry Introduction Polymer Resists for IC Fabrication The Lithographic Process Polymer Resists Photolithography Electron Beam Sensitive Resists X-ray and Ion Sensitive Resists Electroactive Polymers Conduction Mechanisms Preparation of Conductive Polymers Polyacetylene Poly(P-phenylene) Polyheterocyclic Systems Polyaniline Poly(Phenylene Sulfide) Poly(1,6-heptadiyne) Applications Photonic Applications Light-Emitting Polymers Nonlinear Optics Langmuir-Blodgett Films Optical Information Storage Thermorecording on Liquid Crystalline Polymers Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780849398131 20160603

Extensively revised and updated to keep abreast of recent advances, Polymers: Chemistry and Physics of Modern Materials, Third Edition continues to provide a broad-based, high-information text at an introductory, reader-friendly level that illustrates the multidisciplinary nature of polymer science. Adding or amending roughly 50% of the material, this new edition strengthens its aim to contribute a comprehensive treatment by offering a wide and balanced selection of topics across all aspects of the chemistry and physics of polymer science, from synthesis and physical properties to applications. Although the basics of polymer science remain unchanged, significant discoveries in the area of control over molecular weight, macromolecular structure and architecture, and the consequent ability to prepare materials with specific properties receive extensive mention in the third edition. Expanded chapters include controlled radical polymerizations, metallocene chemistry, and the preparation of block and graft copolymers, as well as multiarmed and dendritic structures. Reflecting the growth of polymer applications in industry, the book presents detailed examples to illustrate polymer use in electronic, biological, and medical settings. The authors introduce new understandings of rheological behavior and replace old and outmoded methods of polymer characterization with new and up-to-date techniques. Also new to this edition are a series of problems at the end of each chapter that will test whether the reader has understood the various points and in some cases expand on that knowledge. An accompanying solutions manual is also available for qualifying course adoptions. Offering the highest quality, comprehensive coverage of polymer science in an affordable, accessible format, Polymers: Chemistry and Physics of Modern Materials, Third Edition continues to provide undergraduate and graduate students and professors with the most complete and current coverage of modern polymer science.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780849398131 20160603

• Preface to the Revised Edition. Preface to the First Edition.1. Introduction. 1.1Introduction. 1.2 Intermolecular Interactions. 1.3 Structural Organization. 1.4 Dynamics. 1.5 Phase Transitions. 1.6 Order Parameters. 1.7 Scaling Laws. 1.8 Polydispersity. 1.9 Experimental Techniques for Investigating Soft Matter. 1.10 Computer Simulation. Further Reading.2. Polymers. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Synthesis. 2.3 Polymer Chain Conformation. 2.4 Characterization. 2.5 Polymer Solutions. 2.6 Amorphous Polymers. 2.7 Crystalline Polymers. 2.8 Plastics. 2.9 Rubber. 2.10 Fibres. 2.11 Polymer Blends and Block Copolymers. 2.12 Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers. 2.13 Polyelectrolytes. 2.14 Electronic and Opto-Electronic Polymers. Further Reading.Questions.3. Colloids. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Types of Colloids. 3.3 Forces between Colloidal Particles. 3.4 Characterization of Colloids. 3.5 Charge Stabilization. 3.6 Steric Stabilization. 3.7 Effect of Polymers on Colloid Stability. 3.8 Kinetic Properties. 3.9 Sols. 3.10 Gels. 3.11 Clays. 3.12 Foams. 3.13 Emulsions. 3.14 Food Colloids. 3.15 Concentrated Colloidal Dispersions. Further Reading. Questions.4. Amphiphiles. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Types of Amphiphile. 4.3 Surface Activity. 4.4 Surfactant Monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett Films. 4.5 Adsorption at Solid Interfaces. 4.6 Micellization and the Critical Micelle Concentration. 4.7 Detergency. 4.8 Solubilization in Micelles. 4.9 Interfacial Curvature and Its Relationship to Molecular Structure. 4.10 Liquid Crystal Phases at High Concentrations. 4.11 Membranes. 4.12 Templated Structures. Further Reading.Questions.5. Liquid Crystals. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Types of Liquid Crystals. 5.3 Characteristics of Liquid Crystal Phases. 5.4 Identification of Liquid Crystal Phases. 5.5 Orientational Order. 5.6 Elastic Properties. 5.7 Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals. Further Reading.Questions.6. Biological Soft Matter Science. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Lipid Membranes. 6.3 DNA. 6.4 Proteins. 6.5 Polysaccharides and Glycoproteins. 6.6 Macromolecular Assemblies. Further Reading.Questions.Numerical Solutions to Questions.Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780470516096 20160528

This book provides an introduction to this exciting and relatively new subject with chapters covering natural and synthetic polymers, colloids, surfactants and liquid crystals highlighting the many and varied applications of these materials. Written by an expert in the field, this book will be an essential reference for people working in both industry and academia and will aid in understanding of this increasingly popular topic. It contains a new chapter on biological soft matter. Its newly edited and updated chapters including updated coverage of recent aspects of polymer science. It also contains problems at the end of each chapter to facilitate understanding.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780470516096 20160528

• Preface.1. Introduction.1.1 Types of Polymers and Polymerizations.1.2 Nomenclature of Polymers.1.3 Linear, Branched, and Crosslinked Polymers.1.4 Molecular Weight.1.5 Physical State.1.6 Applications of Polymers.2. Step Polymerization.2.1 Reactivity of Functional Groups.2.2 Kinetics of Step Polymerization.2.3 Accessibility of Functional Groups.2.4 Equilibrium Considerations.2.5 Cyclization versus Linear Polymerization.2.6 Molecular Weight Control in Linear Polymerization.2.7 Molecular Weight Distribution in Linear Polymerization.2.8 Process Condition.2.9 Multichain Polymerization.2.10 Crosslinking.2.11 Molecular Weight Distributions in Nonlinear Polymerizations.2.12 Crosslinking Technology.2.13 Step Copolymerization.2.14 High-Performance Polymers.2.15 Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers.2.16 Dendric (Highly Branched) Polymers.3. Radical Chain Polymerization.3.1 Nature and Radical Chain Polymerization.3.2 Structural Arrangement of Monomer Units.3.3 Rate of Radical Chain Polymerization.3.4 Initiation.3.5 Molecular Weight.3.6 Chain Transfer.3.7 Inhibition and Retardation.3.8 Determination of Absolute Rate Constants.3.9 Energetic Characteristics.3.10 Autoacceleration.3.11 Molecular Weight Distribution.3.12 Effect of Pressure.3.13 Process Conditions.3.14 Specific Commercial Polymers.3.15 Living Radical Polymerization.3.16 Other Polymerizations.4. Emulsion Polymerization.4.1 Description of Process.4.2 Quantitative Aspects.4.3 Other Characteristics of Emulsion Polymerization.5. Ionic Chain Polymerization.5.1 Comparison of Radical and Ionic Polymerization.5.2 Cationic Polymerization of the Carbon-Carbon Double Bond.5.3 Anionic Polymerization of the Carbon-Carbon Double.5.4 Block and Other Polymer Architecture.5.5 Distinguishing Between Radical, Cationic, and Anionic Polymerizations.5.6 Carbonyl Polymerization.5.7 Miscellaneous Polymerizations.6. Chain Copolymerization.6.1 General Considerations.6.2 Copolymer Composition.6.3 Radical Copolymerization.6.4 Ionic Copolymerization.6.5 Deviations from Terminal Copolymerization Model.6.6 Copolymerizations Involving Dienes.6.7 Other Copolymerizations.6.8 Applications of Copolymerizations.7. Ring-Opening Polymerization.7.1 General Characteristics.7.2 Cyclic Ethers.7.3 Lactams.7.4 N-Carboxy-alphaAmino Acid Anhydrides.7.5 Lactones.7.6 Nitrogen Heterocyclics.7.7 Sulfur Heterocyclics.7.8 Cycloalkenes.7.9 Miscellaneous Oxygen Heterocyclics.7.10 Other Ring-Opening Polymerizations.7.11 Inorganic and Partially Inorganic Polymers.7.12 Copolymerization.8. Stereochemistry of Polymerizaton.8.1 Types of Stereoisomerism in Polymers.8.2 Properties of Stereoregular Polymers.8.3 Forces of Stereoregulation in Alkene Polymerization.8.4 Traditional Ziegler-Natta Polymerization of Nonpolar Alkene Monomers.8.5 Metallocene Polymerization of Nonpolar Alkene Monomers.8.6 Other Hydrocarbon Monomers.8.7 Copolymerization.8.8 Postmetallocene: Chelate Initiators.8.9 Living Polymerization.8.10 Polymerization of 1,3-Dienes.8.11 Commercial Applications.8.12 Polymerization of Polar Vinyl Monomers.8.13 Alehydes.8.14 Optical Activity in Polymers.8.15 Ring-Opening Polymerization.8.16 Statistical Models of Propagation.9. Reactions of Polymers.9.1 Principles of Polymers Reactivity.9.2 Crosslinking.9.3 Reactions of Cellulose.9.4 Reactions of Poly(vinyl) acetate).9.5 Halogenation.9.6 Aromatic Substitution.9.7 Cyclization.9.8 Other Reactions.9.9 Graft Copolymers.9.10 Block Copolymers.9.11 Polymers as Carriers or Supports.9.12 Polymer Reagents.9.13 Polymer Catalysts.9.14 Polymer Substrates.Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780471274001 20160528

This is the new edition of a classic text and reference. The large chains of molecules known as polymers are currently used in everything from "wash and wear" clothing to rubber tires to protective enamels and paints. Yet the practical applications of polymers are only increasing; innovations in polymer chemistry constantly bring both improved and entirely new uses for polymers onto the technological playing field. "Principles of Polymerization, Fourth Edition" presents the classic text on polymer synthesis, fully updated to reflect today's state-of-the-art.New and expanded coverage in the Fourth Edition includes: metallocene and post-metallocene polymerization catalysts; living polymerizations (radical, cationic, anionic); dendrimer, hyperbranched, brush, and other polymer architectures and assemblies; graft and block copolymers; high-temperature polymers; inorganic and organometallic polymers; conducting polymers; ring-opening polymerization; and, in vivo and in vitro polymerization. Appropriate for both novice and advanced students as well as professionals, this comprehensive yet accessible resource enables the reader to achieve an advanced, up-to-date understanding of polymer synthesis.Different methods of polymerization, reaction parameters for synthesis, molecular weight, branching and crosslinking, and the chemical and physical structure of polymers all receive ample coverage. A thorough discussion at the elementary level prefaces each topic, with a more advanced treatment following. Yet the language throughout remains straightforward and geared towards the student. Extensively updated, "Principles of Polymerization, Fourth Edition" provides an excellent textbook for today's students of polymer chemistry, chemical engineering, and materials science, as well as a current reference for the researchers or other practitioners working in these areas.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780471274001 20160528

• I. SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF POLYMERS. 1. The Scope of Polymer Chemistry. 2. Condensation and Other Step-Type Polymerizations. 3. Free-Radical Polymerization. 4. Ionic and Coordination Polymerization. 5. Photolytic, Radiation, and Electrolytic Polymerization. 6. Polmerization of Cyclic Organic Compounds. 7. Reactions of Synthetic Polymers. 8. Biological Polymers and Their Reactions. 9. Inorganic Elements in Polymers. II. THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS OF POLYMERIZATION. 10. Polymerization and Depolymerization Equilibria. 11. Kinetics of Condensation (Step-Growth) Polymerization. 12. Kinetics of Free-Radical Polymerization. 13. Kinetics of Ionic Polymerization. III. PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERS. 14. Determination of Absolute Molecular Weights. 15. Secondary Methods for Molecular Weight Determination. 16. Thermodynamics of Solutions of High Polymers. 17. Morphology, Glass Transitions, and Polymer Crystallinity. 18. Conformational Analysis of Polymers. 19. X-Ray Diffraction by Polymers. IV. FABRICATION AND TESTING OF POLYMERS. 20. Fabrication of Polymers. 21. Testing of Polymers. V. MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES, AND USES. 22. General Structure-Property Relationships. 23. Electroactive Polymers. 24. Biomedical Applications of Synthetic Polymers. VI. APPENDICES. I. Polymer Nomenclature. II. Properties and Uses of Selected Polymers. III. References to Topics not Discussed in this Book. Author Index. Subject Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780130650566 20160527

A complete overview of the synthetic, kinetic, structural, and applied aspects of modern polymer chemistry, this text clearly illustrates the relationship between fundamental chemistry and the uses of polymers. Polymer Chemistry, featuring new co-author James Mark, also provides coverage of industrial and medical applications. Many of the study questions give answers or require thoughtful utilization of the text material.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780130650566 20160527

• 0.1 Preface-- 1. Introduction-- I SINGLE CHAIN CONFORMATIONS-- 2. Ideal Chains-- 3. Real Chains-- II THERMODYNAMICS OF BLENDS AND SOLUTIONS-- 4. Thermodynamics of Mixing-- 5. Polymer Solutions-- III NETWORKS AND GELATION-- 6. Random Branching and Gelation-- 7. Networks and Gels-- IV DYNAMICS-- 8. Unentangled Polymer Dynamics-- 9. Entangled Polymers Dynamics.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780198520597 20160528

This is a polymer physics textbook for upper level undergraduates and first year graduate students. Any student with a working knowledge of calculus, physics and chemistry should be able to read this book. The essential tools of the polymer physical chemist or engineer are derived in this book without skipping any steps. The book is a self-contained treatise that could also serve as a useful reference for scientists and engineers working with polymers. While no prior knowledge of polymers is assumed, the book goes far beyond introductory polymer texts in the scope of what is covered. The fundamental concepts required to fully understand polymer melts, solutions and gels in terms of both static structure and dynamics are explained in detail. Problems at the end of each Chapter provide the reader with the opportunity to apply what has been learned to practice. The book is divided into four parts. After an introduction in Chapter 1, where the necessary concepts from a first course on polymers are summarized, the conformations of single polymer chains are treated in Part 1. Part 2 deals with the thermodynamics of polymer solutions and melts, including the conformations of chains in those states. Part 3 applies the concepts of Part 2 to the formation and properties of polymer networks. Finally, Part 4 explains the essential aspects of how polymers move in both melt and solution states. In all cases, attention is restricted to concepts that are firmly entrenched in the field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780198520597 20160528

• 1. Introduction and overview-- 2. Forces, energies and timescales in condensed matter-- 3. Phase transitions-- 4. Colloidal dispersions-- 5. Polymers-- 6. Gelation-- 7. Molecular order om soft condensed matter - liquid crystallinity-- 8. Molecular order in soft condensed matter - crystallinity in polymers-- 9. Supramolecular self-assembly in soft condensed matter-- 10. Soft matter in nature-- A. Some results from statistical mechanics-- B. The distribution function on an ideal random walk-- Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780198505907 20160528

The physics of soft condensed matter is probably one of the most 'fashionable' areas in the physical sciences today. This book offers a coherent and clear introduction to the properties and behaviour of soft matter. It begins with a treatment of the general underlying principles: the relation of the structure and dynamics of solids and liquids to intermolecular forces, the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transitions, and the principles of self-assembly. Then the specific properties of colloids, polymers, liquid crystals and self-assembling amphiphilic systems are treated within this framework. A concluding chapter illustrates how principles of soft matter physics can be used to understand properties of biological systems. The focus on the essentials and the straightforward approach make the book suitable for students with either a theoretical or an experimental bias. The level is appropriate for final year undergraduates and beginning graduate students in physics, chemistry, materials science, and chemical engineering.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780198505907 20160528

• Preface-- Acknowledgments-- Chapter Summary-- Introduction-- Step-Growth Polymerization-- Chain-Growth Polymerization-- The Microstructures of Polymers-- The Conformational Characteristics of Polymers-- Solution Properties of Polymers-- Bulk Properties of Polymers-- Naturally Occurring Biopolymers-- Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780471381389 20160528

An introduction to polymers and how they dominate our world Polymer science is concerned with the structure, synthesis, physical properties, and utility of polymers. Polymers are macromolecular building blocks used to construct natural and man-made materials. Polymers from the Inside Out: An Introduction to Macromolecules provides an all-encompassing introduction to polymers and how they affect the world. Offering a clear explanation of the unique properties exhibited by polymers, this book explores the detailed microstructures of polymers and their internal responses to stress and the environment. Polymers from the Inside Out appeals to a wide range of disciplines, including polymer, organic, materials, and physical chemistry, as well as textile science and engineering. Chapters include: Physical properties unique to polymeric materials; Step-growth and chain-growth polymerisations; Microstructures of polymers; Conformational characteristics of polymers developed with the rotational isomeric states model; Solution and bulk properties of polymers; Biopolymers; Discussion questions appropriate for first- and second-semester polymer students at the end of every chapterPolymers from the Inside Out is designed to facilitate either a one-semester or two-semester course on polymers and is an essential resource for the practicing scientist.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780471381389 20160528

• Part I: Polymer Structure and Properties-- 1. Basic Principles-- 2. Molecular weight and polymer solutions-- 3. Chemical structure and polymer morphology-- 4. Chemical structure and polymer properties-- 5. Evaluation, characterization, and analysis of polymers-- Part II: Vinyl Polymers-- 6. Free radical vinyl polymerization-- 7. Ionic polymerization-- 8. Vinyl polymerization with complex coordination catalysts-- 9. Reactions of vinyl polymers-- Part III: Nonvinyl Polymers-- 10. Step-reaction and ring-opening polymerization-- 11. Polyethers, polysulfides, and related polymers-- 12. Polyesters-- 13. Polyamides and related polymers-- 14. Phenol-, urea-, and melamine-formaldehyde polymers-- 15. Heterocyclic polymers-- 16. Inorganic and partially inorganic polymers-- 17. Miscellaneous organic polymers-- 18. Natural polymers-- Appendix A Commonly used polymer abbreviations-- Appendix B Polymer literature-- Appendix C Sources of laboratory experiments in polymer chemistry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780195124446 20160528

"Polymer Chemistry" provides graduate and advanced undergraduate students with an introduction to the chemistry of macromolecular substances, including their synthesis and the properties underlying their commercial importance. Significant new developments in polymer science over the past decade are covered, as are methods used for testing and characterizing polymers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780195124446 20160528

• Partial table of contents:-- POLYMER FUNDAMENTALS-- Types of Polymers-- Bonding in Polymers-- Stereoisomerism-- Characterization of Molecular Weight-- Polymer Solubility and Solutions-- Transitions in Polymers-- POLYMER SYNTHESIS-- Step-Growth (Condensation) Polymerization-- Free-Radical Addition (Chain-Growth) Polymerization-- Nonradical Addition Polymerization-- Copolymerization-- POLYMER PROPERTIES-- Rubber Elasticity-- Purely Viscous Flow-- Viscometry and Tube Flow-- Linear Viscoelasticity-- POLYMER TECHNOLOGY-- Processing-- Plastics-- Rubber-- Synthetic Fibers-- Surface Finishes-- Adhesives-- Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780471575252 20160528

Revised due to recent developments in the polymer industry, this edition includes a discussion of liquid-crystal polymers, the Flory-Higgins theory, group-transfer polymerization, and a quantitative treatment of Ziegler-Natta polymerization, with three worked-out examples.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780471575252 20160528