articles+ search results

Strategy and Management, Economics and Econometrics, Modernization theory, Public administration, Public sector, business.industry, business, Public organization, Open innovation, Political science, and Government

Government innovation constitutes a privileged solution for solving the problems encountered by the public sector in view of its modernization. This article focuses on innovation as a driver of sustainable modernization in public organizations, precisely with regard of the experience of setting up a platform for collaboration and government participation in Quebec, which seems to bring together the necessary prerequisites, tools and mechanisms for its application in the Algerian public sector. On the basis of a qualitative approach and by means of a processual analysis, the study shows, through the case of the Algerian public organization, that this innovation regroups the instruments and mechanisms allowing its integration as a driver for modernizing the administration of an emerging country. JEL Codes: H83, O30, O31, O32, O33, O38

Congenital, AcademicSubjects/MED00920, Transposition of the great arteries, Arterial switch operation, 4D flow MRI, Dobutamine stress, Wall shear stress, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, General Medicine, Surgery, Cardiac output, Aortic arch, medicine.artery, medicine, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.diagnostic_test, Ejection fraction, Aorta, Internal medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiology, Stroke volume, Thoracic aorta, business.industry, business, Great arteries, and cardiovascular system

OBJECTIVES Progressive root dilatation is an important complication in patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) after arterial switch operation (ASO) that may be caused by altered flow dynamics. Aortic wall shear stress (WSS) distribution at rest and under dobutamine stress (DS) conditions using 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging were investigated in relation to thoracic aorta geometry. METHODS 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 16 adolescent TGA patients after ASO (rest and DS condition) and in 10 healthy controls (rest). The primary outcome measure was the WSS distribution along the aortic segments and the WSS change with DS in TGA patients. Based on the results, we secondary zoomed in on factors [aortic geometry and left ventricular (LV) function parameters] that might relate to these WSS distribution differences. Aortic diameters, arch angle, LV function parameters (stroke volume, LV ejection fraction, cardiac output) and peak systolic aortic WSS were obtained. RESULTS TGA patients had significantly larger neoaortic root and smaller mid-ascending aorta (AAo) dimensions and aortic arch angle. At rest, patients had significantly higher WSS in the entire thoracic aorta, except for the dilated root. High WSS levels beyond the proximal AAo were associated with the diameter decrease from the root to the mid-AAo (correlation coefficient r = 0.54–0.59, P = 0.022–0.031), not associated with the aortic arch angle. During DS, WSS increased in all aortic segments (P CONCLUSIONS Increased aortic WSS was observed in TGA patients after ASO, related to the ASO-specific geometry, which increased with DS. Stress-enhanced elevated WSS may play a role in neoaortic root dilatation and anterior aortic wall thinning of the distal AAo.

Multi-level parliamentary field, interparliamentary cooperation, foreign and security policy, theory of fields, European Defence Fund, Political Science and International Relations, Political science, Security policy, International trade, business.industry, and business

Interparliamentary cooperation in EU foreign and security policy, once the paradigmatic example of competitive relations between parliamentary levels, has recently evolved towards more cooperative ...

Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine, High rate, Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology, Patient population, Amputation, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine, Surgery, medicine.medical_specialty, Solid organ transplantation, Lost to follow-up, business.industry, business, Population, education.field_of_study, education, and Amputation level

Objective To evaluate our institutional outcomes of surgical management of lower extremity wounds in the solid organ transplant recipient population. Approach An eight-year retrospective review was conducted for all SOT recipients with LE wounds necessitating surgical management at our tertiary limb salvage center. Outcomes of interest included wound healing, surgical treatment, progression to amputation, and amputation level. Factors contributing to amputation progression were analyzed. The manuscript adheres to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. Results 64 SOT recipients underwent surgical management for their LE wounds between 2010-2018. Median number of surgeries per patient was 5 (IQR 2,8); 47/64 patients (73.4%) underwent amputation, and 17/64 patients (26.6%) underwent non-amputation surgical management. In the amputation group, the majority of primary amputations were minor (42/47, 89.4%); 24/42 (57.1%) patients progressed to a higher amputation level, 16/42 (38.1%) healed after their index procedure, and 2/42 (4.8%) were lost to follow up (LTFU) after their primary minor amputation. 5/47 (10.6%) of the patients undergoing amputations required primary below-knee amputations (BKA). In the non-amputation group, 15/17 (88.2%) healed, 1/17 (5.9%) expired, and 1/17 (5.9%) was LTFU. Innovation To identify the outcomes of patients undergoing surgical management for lower extremity wounds after SOT and elucidate clinical factors that impact the rate of limb salvage. Conclusions This is the first comprehensive analysis of LE wounds in the transplant population. Our analysis indicates high rates of failed minor amputation, and frequent progression to major amputation in SOT patients. Preexisting comorbidities and immunosuppressive regimens complicate limb salvage, therefore further research is warranted to optimize surgical LE wound management in this population.

Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Chlorhexidine gluconate, Medicine, business.industry, business, Lotion, Dentistry, Bacterial colony, Alcohol, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Hand sanitizer, Hand rubbing, Significant difference, Hygiene, media_common.quotation_subject, and media_common

OBJECTIVE Hand hygiene using either 4% chlorhexidine gluconate or natural soap during hand rubbing, followed by alcohol-based 1% chlorhexidine gluconate sanitizer lotion in the operating room was compared to assess bacterial reduction, skin moisture, skin texture and hand hygiene using qualitative questionnaires. APPROACH A cross-over study with 36 professional scrub nurses at two medical centers was performed to compare 4% chlorhexidine gluconate followed by alcohol-based 1% chlorhexidine gluconate sanitizer lotion, the Two-stage method, with handwashing using natural soap followed by alcohol-based 1% chlorhexidine gluconate sanitizer lotion, the Waterless method, after a period of 10 days of use. The study completely followed CONSORT, http://www.consort-statement.org/. RESULTS There was no significant difference in bacterial reduction based on the bacterial colony forming units between the two methods. The skin moisture and skin roughness scores were not significantly different between the two methods. The Waterless method was significantly better than the Two-stage method regarding "foaming", "quality", "longevity" (P

Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Flow cytometry, medicine.diagnostic_test, medicine, Streptozotocin, medicine.drug, Western blot, Diabetes mellitus, medicine.disease, Inflammation, medicine.symptom, IRAK1, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathogenesis, business.industry, business, Wound healing, and integumentary system

OBJECTIVE MiRNAs are important regulators of inflammation and wound healing. However, the mechanisms through which miRNAs regulate wound healing under normal and diabetic conditions are poorly understood. We aimed to determine the effects of miR-146a on the pathogenesis of wound healing in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. APPROACH Wild-type (WT) and miR-146a knockout (KO) mice were induced to develop diabetes with STZ. Next, skin and corneal wounds were produced and measured. Percent wound closure and histology were evaluated. Inflammation at wound sites was analyzed using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and Western blot. RESULTS Healing of wounded skin was significantly delayed in miR-146a KO compared to WT mice. However, corneal epithelial wound healing did not differ significantly in the mice with normal blood glucose, whereas corneal and skin wound healing was significantly delayed in KO mice with diabetes. Neutrophil infiltration increased in skin wounds of KO compared with normal mice. The potential mechanisms were associated with dysregulated IL-1β, TNF-α, IRAK1, TRAF6, and NF-κB signaling induced by miR-146a KO. INNOVATION Skin wound healing was delayed in miR-146a KO mice and enhanced inflammatory responses were mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Deficiency in miR-146a delayed skin wound healing by enhancing inflammatory responses in normal and diabetic mice. Therefore, miR-146a may be a potential target for modulation to accelerate skin wound healing.

Engineering, business.industry, business, Reinforced concrete, and Structural engineering

Aviation, business.industry, business, Officer, Weather factors, Flight delay, Aeronautics, Liability, International airport, Udara, biology.organism_classification, and biology

This study aims to determine that there are still many events that are still require the liability from the commercial air transportation company, both from the carrier company and those who are related to the carrier, such as flight delays (flight delay) either caused by weather factors or internal factors from the carrier company, the occurrence of negligence from the transport officer which causes the loss of goods owned by passengers, or because of there is an event for which the reason is unknown so that the aircraft experiences interference during the flight, from the results of this research it can be seen that the carrier operating the aircraft is obliged to be responsible for losses against:a. passengers who died, disability or injury;b. lost or damaged of the cabin baggage;c. lost, destroyed, or damaged of the checked baggage;d. lost, destroyed, or damaged of the cargo;e. delay in air transportation; andf. losses suffered by third partiesas well as who are the parties involved, the requirements that must be fulfilled and how the rights and the obligations of the parties are fulfilled, as well as other provisions in its implementation if a passenger's goods are lost or damaged and provide a description of its protection.Keywords : Liability, Theft of Goods, Aircraft Passengers, Kualanamu International Airport.

Office workers, Family medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine, Coronavirus, medicine.disease_cause, business.industry, and business

Information Systems and Management, Library and Information Sciences, Human-Computer Interaction, Software, Econometrics, Economics, Textile, business.industry, and business

This article analyzes the content of the concept of labor productivity in textile enterprises, the factors influencing its increase, using the methods of "correlation" and "regression" analysis, as well as the forecast indicators of labor productivity.

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Industrial relations, Business, Motif (music), Qualitative content analysis, Strategic communication, Public relations, business.industry, Corporate reputation, and Corporate social responsibility

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how the communication of corporate social responsibility (CSR) contributes towards a favourable corporate reputation. It explores the communication strategies and channels organisations deemed reputable by stakeholders use to achieve an effective CSR communication.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this, a qualitative content analysis using the directed approach was conducted on the textual CSR communication materials of ten reputable organisations in South Africa based on the 2018 South Africa Reptrak survey.FindingsResult showed that seven out of ten organisations use both self-serving and society-serving motive in their CSR communication, while the other 3 use only the society serving motive. The informing strategy was also more evident in the CSR communication materials than the interactive strategy. In terms of the communication channels, the study found that organisations mainly utilise controlled channels for CSR communication.Originality/valueThe literature reviewed and the findings of this study reveal a gap between the theory and practice of CSR communication. This drives the need for organisations to research and tailor CSR communication based on stakeholders' unique characteristics and preferences. The paper also contributes to improving the knowledge on the role different CSR communication strategies and channels play in CSR communication.

Linguistics and Language, Language and Linguistics, Typology, Media studies, Philosophy, Classics, Publishing, business.industry, business, and Non canonical

Linguistics and Language, Language and Linguistics, Computer science, Linguistics, Discourse marker, Corpus linguistics, Colloquialism, Artificial intelligence, business.industry, business, Natural language processing, computer.software_genre, computer, Vocabulary, media_common.quotation_subject, and media_common

An aspect of corpus compilation that poses a particular challenge is the question of how to transcribe orthographically units that are not part of any standardised vocabulary. Among the problematic categories we find voiced pauses, minimal response signals, interjections, certain discourse markers, phonologically reduced forms, colloquialisms and dialect forms. Such semi-lexical features are usually represented by regular phonemic-graphemic correspondences but are nevertheless often inconsistently handled. This paper reviews a number of existing transcription guidelines and assesses whether the recommendations they provide are sufficient and detailed enough to secure a consistent transcription of the categories mentioned. Further, the paper assesses to what extent transcription of semi-lexical features is consistent within and across two spoken corpora. On the basis of a cross-corpus comparison of the Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language (COLT) and the London English Corpus (LEC), the paper provides specific recommendations for corpus transcription.

Mass media, business.industry, business, Political economy, Political science, and Political agenda

Linguistics and Language, Language and Linguistics, History, Linguistics, Syntax, Literature, business.industry, and business

Linguistics and Language, Language and Linguistics, History, Literature, business.industry, business, Ethnology, and Threatened species

Dynamic stop-skipping, Expressing, Rolling horizon optimization, Combinatorial optimization, Public transit, UT-Hybrid-D, General Engineering, Transportation, Computer science, Public transport, business.industry, business, and Mathematical optimization

Stop-skipping (also known as expressing) is a typical control strategy in public transit operations with a dual objective: (i) reduce the trip delays and (ii) improve the travel times of on-board passengers. Dynamic stop-skipping approaches decide about the stop-skipping strategy of each bus trip in isolation, neglecting the effect of the skipped stops on future trips. To rectify this, we introduce a rolling horizon stop-skipping model that determines the stop-skipping strategies of several trips within a rolling horizon. Then, we model the rolling horizon stop-skipping problem as an integer nonlinear program, and we prove that it is (at least) an NP-complete decision problem which can be solved to global optimality for small-scale scenarios. Simulation-based tests using real data from bus line 15L in Denver demonstrate a potential performance improvement of 13% when using our rolling horizon stop-skipping approach in the presence of travel time uncertainty.

Cognitive science, Situated cognition, Pragmatics, Psychology, Action plan, Cognition, Interpreter, computer.software_genre, computer, Health care, business.industry, and business

Research into dialogue interpreting has thus far focused on its interactional dimension. Only recently have cognitive approaches been introduced. This article uses the situated cognition and functional pragmatics paradigms to explain how a broad and holistic understanding of the (healthcare) set-up in which dialogue interpreting assignments take place enables interpreters to develop an awareness of the purpose-orientation of medical professionals’ (inter)action plan. This understanding forms part of an inferential mental backdrop that allows interpreters to go from bottom-up drifting to gaining top-down control over their task. On the basis of a corpus of 19 interpreter-mediated doctor-patient encounters, the article suggests that it is acting upon an integral background of understanding as inferential basis (rather than role) that empowers dialogue interpreters to perform successfully.

Linguistics and Language, Language and Linguistics, Publishing, business.industry, business, Writing process, Perception, media_common.quotation_subject, media_common, Academic writing, Rhetorical question, Appearance of impropriety, Engineering ethics, Phenomenon, Paragraph, and Sociology

Text recycling (hereafter TR), sometimes problematically called “self-plagiarism,” involves the verbatim reuse of text from one’s own existing documents in a newly created text – such as the duplication of a paragraph or section from a published article in a new article. Although plagiarism is widely eschewed across academia and the publishing industry, the ethics of TR are not agreed upon and are currently being vigorously debated. As part of a federally funded (US) National Science Foundation grant, we have been studying TR patterns using several methodologies, including interviews with editors about TR values and practices (Pemberton, Hall, Moskovitz, & Anson, 2019) and digitally mediated text-analytic processes to determine the extent of TR in academic publications in the biological sciences, engineering, mathematical and physical sciences, and social, behavioral, and economic sciences (Anson, Moskovitz, & Anson, 2019). In this article, we first describe and illustrate TR in the context of academic writing. We then explain and document several themes that emerged from interviews with publishers of peer-reviewed academic journals. These themes demonstrate the vexed and unsettled nature of TR as a discursive phenomenon in academic writing and publishing. In doing so, we focus on the complex relationships between personal (role-based) and social (norm-based) aspects of scientific publication, complicating conventional models of the writing process that have inadequately accounted for authorial decisions about accuracy, efficiency, self-representation, adherence to existing or imagined rules and norms, perceptions of ownership and copyright, and fears of impropriety.

Linguistics and Language, Language and Linguistics, Annotation, Artificial intelligence, business.industry, business, Psychology, Natural language processing, computer.software_genre, computer, Information retrieval, Markup language, and Transcription (biology)