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2. Teachers Behind Bars [1974]

  • Griggs, Mildred and Oppert, Judy
  • Adult Leadership, 23, 4, 112-4, Oct 74.
Subjects
Adult Education, Adult Literacy, Correctional Education, Female, Home Economics Education, Instructional Materials, Nutrition Instruction, Prisoners, Program Descriptions, and Reading Difficulty
Abstract
A project conducted in a women's prison by staff of a university division of home economics education to evaluate innovative curriculum materials for teaching nutrition to adults of low reading ability is described. Information for ordering the materials is offered. (AJ)

3. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein: an RNA chaperone with potential roles in animal reproductive physiology [2022]

  • Gardela Santacruz, Jaume
  • TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
Subjects
Reproducció Animal, Reproducción animal, Animal reproduction, Estrès per fred, Estrés por frío, Cold stress, Femella, Hembra, Female, and Ciències de la Salut
Abstract
La vitrificació ha reemplaçat la congelació convencional per a la criopreservació d’ovòcits en diverses espècies. No obstant això, encara no s’ha establert el protocol òptim per a la criopreservació d’ovòcits bovins, encara que s’han desenvolupat diverses estratègies per a millorar els seus resultats. En aquest sentit, s’ha prestat poca atenció a l’estrès subletal per fred com a inductor de criotolerància en ovòcits bovins. La cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) pertany a les proteïnes induïbles per fred (CIPs), un grup de pèptids induïts per hipotèrmia i altres factors d’estrès. CIRBP és un candidat potencial per a millorar la criotolerància dels ovòcits bovins a causa de la seva funció en la supervivència cel·lular. A més, les CIPs exerceixen funcions crucials en el control del ARNm, la qual cosa planteja interrogants sobre la relació entre aquestes proteïnes i els canvis fisiològics que es produeixen en l’aparell reproductor femení. En conseqüència, la present tesi es va dur a terme amb l’objectiu general d’estudiar CIRBP com a molècula potencial per a millorar la vitrificació d’ovòcits bovins i la seva modulació durant els canvis fisiològics en el tracte reproductiu femení. En primer lloc, es va avaluar els efectes de la hipotèrmia en la maduració dels complexos cumulus-ovòcit. A més, es va determinar l’expressió proteica de CIRBP mitjançant Western blot. Es va demostrar que l’estrès per fred augmenta l’expressió de CIRBP. No obstant això, com s’esperava, es van detectar efectes perjudicials induïts pel fred. Després d’aquesta primera aproximació, es van buscar noves estratègies per a augmentar l’expressió de CIRBP evitant els efectes perjudicials del fred. Per a això, es van testar diferents concentracions de CIRBP exògena i una petita molècula hipotèrmico-mimètica ja establerta (zr17-2) com a suplement dels mitjans de maduració in vitro. Es van trobar pocs canvis en el ARNm de CIRBP i altres CIPs relacionats amb aquesta suplementació, però si es van observar increments d’expressió del ARNm de CIRBP i altres CIPs a causa de la hipotèrmia i vitrificació. Finalment, els estudis en el tracte reproductiu femení van revelar que CIRBP està modulada pels canvis hormonals fisiològics i la interacció mascle-femella. Aquesta tesi ofereix una nova visió de la fisiologia reproductiva de CIRBP, tant per a l’increment de coneixement bàsic com per al seu ús potencial en la millora de la vitrificació d’ovòcits bovins. Una millor comprensió del procés reproductiu pot servir com a nous biomarcadors, potencials eines d’avaluació reproductiva i millora de la producció animal.

4. 'La luz que redime las tinieblas': Genealogía del elemento femenino de la divinidad en el pensamiento de María Zambrano [2018]

  • Zaldo Rebollo, José Luis
  • TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
Subjects
María Zambrano, Filosofía, Poesía, Femenino, Símbolo, Sentir, Cristianismo, Espiritualidad, Virgen María, Luz, Tinieblas, Alma, Sagrado, Divino, Aurora, Razón poética, Misericordia, Piedad, Imagen, Sueños, Philosophy, Poetry, Female, Symbol, Experience, Christianity, Spirituality, Virgin Mary, Light, Darkness, Soul, Sacred, Divine, The first light, Poetic reason, Mercy, Piety, Image, and Dreams
Abstract
El pensamiento de María Zambrano es un intento por dotar de forma a todo aquello que el racionalismo ha dejado fuera de su estructura de mundo. Entre esas pérdidas se encuentra el sentir del hombre que, por una parte, ha sido arrinconado en la oscuridad de la conciencia -los instintos y las pasiones- y, por otra, ha sido maltratado y banalizado -la piedad, la esperanza o el amor-. Para rescatarlo es necesario el símbolo. En este trabajo recorreremos al pensamiento de Zambrano a través de una figura simbólica, el elemento femenino de la divinidad, intentando recoger, a través de esta imagen, los múltiples rostros que conforman su pensamiento, como pretensión por dotar de una unidad distinta, no violenta ni reductora, a todos los aspectos que conforman la vida humana.

5. Efectivitat de l’entrenament neuromuscular en la prevenció de lesions sense contacte del lligament encreuat anterior en futbolistes femenines d’entre 12 i 25 anys. Revisió bibliogràfic [2017]

  • Peralta-Idáñez, D and Donat Roca, R
  • Actualitzacions en Fisioteràpia; Núm. XIII (2017)
Subjects
Anterior cruciate ligament injuries, knee injury, Prevention, Female, Soccer, Exercise therapy, neuromuscular training, and Feedback

6. Análisis acústico de la voz creacky deliberada en mujeres españolas [2016]

  • Lirio, Pilar
  • Estudios de fonética experimental; 2016: Vol.: 25; p. 193-232
Subjects
creaky, modal, frecuencia fundamental, armónicos, voz femenina, fundamental frequency, harmonics, female, and Spanish
Abstract
Existen diferentes ajustes o mecanismos laríngeos para producir la voz creaky, cualidad de voz que combina un sonido similar a una crepitación laríngea con frecuencia fundamental. 40 hablantes españolas de entre 20 a 35 años de edad, variedad centropeninsular, graban muestras de voz creaky y voz modal sin haber recibido entrenamiento previo. Se utiliza el programa informático Praat para extraer las siguientes medidas acústicas de la voz modal de cada una de las hablantes y de su correspondiente voz creaky: la diferencia en hercios entre ambas F0 y la diferencia en decibelios entre los dos primeros armónicos (H1-H2) y entre el primer armónico y el de mayor amplitud del tercer formante (H1-A3). Los resultados obtenidos revelan que la totalidad de las hablantes efectúan un descenso de la F0 modal. En cambio, la diferencia entre H1-H2 para la voz creaky es positiva para un 28% y la diferencia entre H1-A3 resulta ser positiva para un 55% de las hablantes, alejándose ambos valores de los considerados prototípicos. Por último, se observan tres grupos diferenciados de ajustes laríngeos atendiendo al valor de descenso de F0 y a la diferencia entre H1-H2.
Creaky voice is a phonation type that can be produced by different laryngeal settings which are still under research. Forty young European Spanish female speakers with no previous training, recorded some samples in modal and creaky voice. Acoustic measures were extracted and analyzed using the Praat software in order to classify different phonatory strategies to produce a creaky voice. At first, we analyzed the F0 values for modal and creaky voice and secondly, we focused on the amplitude difference between the first and the second harmonic (H1-H2) and between the first harmonic and the one with the highest amplitude of the third formant (H1-A3). The results revealed: the female speakers produced the creaky voice phonation by lowering their modal F0, 28% of the speakers showed a positive amplitude between H1-H2 and 55% of speakers had also a positive result between H1-A3. These harmonics measures are contrary to the literature. Finally, considering the F0 rate decreasing value and H1-H2 amplitude difference, we discovered three different groups of phonatory strategies that must be analyzed conducting further experiments.

7. Antigenicity, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of three proteins expressed in the promastigote and amastigote stages of leishmania infantum against visceral leishmaniasis

  • PLoS ONE 10.9 (2015): e0137683
    1932-6203 (print)
    1
    9
    25
    10
Subjects
Amastigote, Dog, Female, Nonhuman, and Biología y Biomedicina / Biología

8. IL-15 expression on RA synovial fibroblasts promotes B cell survival

  • Plos One 7.7 (2012): e40620
    1932-6203 (online)
    e40620
    7
Subjects
Aged, Arthritis, Cell Survival, Female, Fibroblasts, Interleukin-15, and Medicina

9. Lifestyle risk factors of self-reported fibromyalgia in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study. [2023]

  • Benebo, Faith Owunari, Lukic, Marko, Jakobsen, Monika Dybdahl, and Braaten, Tonje Bjørndal
  • BMC Public Health. 10/11/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts.
Subjects
FIBROMYALGIA, PHYSICAL activity, CANCER patients, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, BODY mass index, and ALCOHOL drinking
Abstract
Background: While the aetiology of fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) remains unknown, lifestyle factors have been linked to the disorder. However, there are few studies on the association between lifestyle factors and FM, thus we examine the risk of self-reported fibromyalgia given selected lifestyle factors. Methods: We used data from 75,485 participants in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study. Information on FM and the lifestyle factors body mass index (BMI), physical activity level, smoking status/intensity, and alcohol consumption were obtained from baseline and follow-up questionnaires. We used Cox proportional hazards model to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: After a median follow-up time of 10 years, we observed 2,248 cases of self-reported fibromyalgia. Overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) women had a relative risk of 1.34 (95% CI 1.21–1.47) and 1.62 (95% CI 1.41–1.87), respectively, compared to women with normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2). Very low physical activity level (1–2) was associated with a 31% higher risk of self-reported fibromyalgia (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.09–1.57) when compared to moderate physical activity level (5–6). There was a strong dose-response relationship between smoking status/intensity and self-reported fibromyalgia (p for trend < 0.001). Compared with moderate alcohol consumption (4.0–10 g/day), the risk of self-reported FM was 72% (HR 1.72; 95% CI 1.45–2.03) higher among teetotallers, and 38% (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.23–1.54) higher among those with low consumption (0.1–3.9 g/day). Conclusions: Overweight and obesity, very low physical activity level, smoking, and alcohol consumption were associated with an increased risk of self-reported FM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

10. The impact of the cardiovascular component and somatic mutations on ageing. [2023]

  • Garger, Daniel, Meinel, Martin, Dietl, Tamina, Hillig, Christina, Garzorz‐Stark, Natalie, Eyerich, Kilian, de Angelis, Martin Hrabě, Eyerich, Stefanie, and Menden, Michael P.
  • Aging Cell. Oct2023, Vol. 22 Issue 10, p1-11. 11p.
Subjects
SOMATIC mutation, HEART beat, PHENOTYPES, and AGING
Abstract
Mechanistic insight into ageing may empower prolonging the lifespan of humans; however, a complete understanding of this process is still lacking despite a plethora of ageing theories. In order to address this, we investigated the association of lifespan with eight phenotypic traits, that is, litter size, body mass, female and male sexual maturity, somatic mutation, heart, respiratory, and metabolic rate. In support of the somatic mutation theory, we analysed 15 mammalian species and their whole‐genome sequencing deriving somatic mutation rate, which displayed the strongest negative correlation with lifespan. All remaining phenotypic traits showed almost equivalent strong associations across this mammalian cohort, however, resting heart rate explained additional variance in lifespan. Integrating somatic mutation and resting heart rate boosted the prediction of lifespan, thus highlighting that resting heart rate may either directly influence lifespan, or represents an epiphenomenon for additional lower‐level mechanisms, for example, metabolic rate, that are associated with lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

11. Sex differences in children operated with pyeloplasty for pelvoureteric junction obstruction [2023]

  • Högberg, Linnea, Värelä, Sanni, Anderberg, Magnus, and Salö, Martin
  • Pediatric Surgery International. 39:1-8
Subjects
Humans, Child, Female, Male, Pregnancy, Sex Characteristics, Retrospective Studies, Kidney, Hydronephrosis/surgery, Pain, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Klinisk medicin, Pediatrik, Medical and Health Sciences, Clinical Medicine, and Pediatrics
Abstract
PURPOSE: Pelvoureteric junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common cause of hydronephrosis in children but no previous studies have evaluated differences between boys and girls operated with pyeloplasty. This study aimed to evaluate potential differences between sexes in children operated with pyeloplasty for PUJO in terms of presentation, surgery, and long-term results.METHODS: Data was retrospectively collected from all children operated on with pyeloplasty between January 2002 and December 2020. Data contained several variables covering presentation, surgery, and long-term results.RESULTS: In total, 194 patients were included of which 126 (64.9%) were boys. There were no significant differences in prenatal findings, pelvic dilation on ultrasound, function of the affected kidney, surgical method, obstruction type, resolution of hydronephrosis, or improvement of function. Boys presented with pain more often than girls (47.4 vs 25.0%, p < 0.01) while girls were more prone to infections preoperatively (17.2 vs 7.0%, p = 0.04). All nine patients requiring reoperation were boys (p = 0.03).CONCLUSION: Girls with UPJO seem to experience infections as presenting symptoms more often than boys, while boys significantly more often present with pain. There is also a higher percentage of boys needing reoperation.

12. Perceptions of everyday life during lenient COVID-19 restrictions in Sweden- an interview study [2023]

  • Lindgren, Ingrid, Trulsson Schouenborg, Anna, Larsson, Caroline, and Stigmar, Kjerstin
  • BMC Public Health. 23:1-13
Subjects
Child, Humans, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, COVID-19/epidemiology, Pandemics, Sweden/epidemiology, Exercise, Qualitative Research, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Hälsovetenskap, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Medical and Health Sciences, Health Sciences, Public Health, Global Health, and Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Both COVID-19 and its associated societal restrictions have affected individuals' health and everyday life. In Sweden, more lenient public health restrictions were implemented, with individuals asked to act responsibly in terms of reducing spread of disease. The majority of studies reporting on experiences of Covid-19 restrictions have been in the context of more substantial mandatory rules aimed at reducing social contact, therefore it is important to describe how more lenient restrictions have impacted individuals' well-being. This study aims to describe perceptions of everyday life during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, perceived by individuals with no underlying medical condition, and living with more lenient public health restrictions in Sweden.METHOD: The participants were recruited from individuals who originally had participated in an online survey about life satisfaction, health, and physical activity. Fifteen individuals (median age 49, range 26-76 years, seven women) in various social situations, such as living alone/cohabiting, having children at home, geographical area and size of city were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis was applied to the data.RESULTS: An overall theme "Both hindrances and opportunities in important life domains were experienced within the same person during lenient Covid-19 restrictions" was derived and covered three categories: "New possibilities of flexibility in work and better health", "Life went on as usual with minor adjustments" and "Everyday life changed and became more difficult" together with eight subcategories. For most participants, both facilitating and hindering important domains in life were described. Unexpected findings were positive experiences regarding working from home, physical activities, leisure time activities and the balance between work and leisure time. In areas where only minor adjustments were made, life was perceived as going on as before. On the other hand, restrictions increased worries and were perceived to have negative effects on social participation.CONCLUSION: The impact of the pandemic and lenient restrictions in Sweden on the participants´ everyday life was multifaceted. Both hindrances and opportunities in important life domains were experienced within the same person. An increased flexibility in work- and leisure activities were perceived having positive effects for health and wellbeing and led to a better balance in life.

13. Women's perceptions of factors needed to encourage a culture of public breastfeeding : a cross-sectional study in Sweden, Ireland and Australia [2023]

  • Dykes, Charlotta, Ny, Pernilla, Hauck, Yvonne L, Kuliukas, Lesley, Gallagher, Louise, Brady, Vivienne, and Rubertsson, Christine
  • International Breastfeeding Journal. 18:1-8
Subjects
Child, Humans, Female, Ireland, Sweden, Breast Feeding, Cross-Sectional Studies, Australia, Samhällsvetenskap, Annan samhällsvetenskap, Genusstudier, Social Sciences, Other Social Sciences, Gender Studies, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Hälsovetenskap, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Medical and Health Sciences, Health Sciences, Public Health, Global Health, and Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding in the public sphere is known to be experienced as a problem for many women. It has been shown to arouse negative feelings among the public, depending on the attitude of those in the immediate surroundings. This contributes to the fact that many women hesitate to breastfeed in public and prepare themselves for potential adverse comments.METHODS: An online survey was used for an international cross-sectional study including women living in Sweden (n = 1252), Australia (n = 7602) and Ireland (n = 1597). Women who had breastfed within the previous two years were invited to participate through Facebook. One key open-ended question was presented, inviting women to respond to: "What do you think is important or needed to encourage a breastfeeding culture where breastfeeding in public is seen as normal?" During 2018, data were collected during a four-week period. A thematic analysis of women's responses was conducted separately in each country and then comparison and negotiation occurred once similarities between themes and subthemes were confirmed. Frequencies of subthemes were then determined and compared between the three countries.RESULTS: Seven subthemes developed from the data; 'Make breastfeeding visible in society'; 'Healthcare professionals support and knowledge regarding breastfeeding'; 'Education of the public'; 'Inviting environment'; 'Zero tolerance to other's unwanted opinions'; 'Focusing on the needs and rights of the breastfeeding dyad'; and 'Desexualize breastfeeding and women's' bodies in society'. Subthemes were integrated under two themes; 'Active supportive interventions needed for breastfeeding' and 'The obvious right of breastfeeding women and children to take a seat in the public sphere'.CONCLUSION: The common experience that exists today regarding public breastfeeding requires change towards normalization. Further collaborative research is recommended to meet the expressed requirements from women who wish to breastfeed in public.

14. Extended genetic analysis and tumor characteristics in over 4600 women with suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer [2023]

  • Öfverholm, Anna, Törngren, Therese, Rosén, Anna, Arver, Brita, Einbeigi, Zakaria, Haraldsson, Karin, Ståhlbom, Anne Kinhult, Kuchinskaya, Ekaterina, Lindblom, Annika, Melin, Beatrice, Paulsson-Karlsson, Ylva, Stenmark-Askmalm, Marie, Tham, Emma, von Wachenfeldt, Anna, Kvist, Anders, Borg, Åke, and Ehrencrona, Hans
  • BMC Cancer. 23:1-12
Subjects
Humans, Female, BRCA1 Protein/genetics, BRCA2 Protein/genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis, Genetic Testing, Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics, Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome/diagnosis, Germ-Line Mutation, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Klinisk medicin, Cancer och onkologi, Medical and Health Sciences, Clinical Medicine, and Cancer and Oncology
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Genetic screening for pathogenic variants (PVs) in cancer predisposition genes can affect treatment strategies, risk prediction and preventive measures for patients and families. For decades, hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) has been attributed to PVs in the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, and more recently other rare alleles have been firmly established as associated with a high or moderate increased risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer. Here, we assess the genetic variation and tumor characteristics in a large cohort of women with suspected HBOC in a clinical oncogenetic setting.METHODS: Women with suspected HBOC referred from all oncogenetic clinics in Sweden over a six-year inclusion period were screened for PVs in 13 clinically relevant genes. The genetic outcome was compared with tumor characteristics and other clinical data collected from national cancer registries and hospital records.RESULTS: In 4622 women with breast and/or ovarian cancer the overall diagnostic yield (the proportion of women carrying at least one PV) was 16.6%. BRCA1/2 PVs were found in 8.9% of women (BRCA1 5.95% and BRCA2 2.94%) and PVs in the other breast and ovarian cancer predisposition genes in 8.2%: ATM (1.58%), BARD1 (0.45%), BRIP1 (0.43%), CDH1 (0.11%), CHEK2 (3.46%), PALB2 (0.84%), PTEN (0.02%), RAD51C (0.54%), RAD51D (0.15%), STK11 (0) and TP53 (0.56%). Thus, inclusion of the 11 genes in addition to BRCA1/2 increased diagnostic yield by 7.7%. The yield was, as expected, significantly higher in certain subgroups such as younger patients, medullary breast cancer, higher Nottingham Histologic Grade, ER-negative breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer and high grade serous ovarian cancer. Age and tumor subtype distributions differed substantially depending on genetic finding.CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to understanding the clinical and genetic landscape of breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility. Extending clinical genetic screening from BRCA1 and BRCA2 to 13 established cancer predisposition genes almost doubles the diagnostic yield, which has implications for genetic counseling and clinical guidelines. The very low yield in the syndrome genes CDH1, PTEN and STK11 questions the usefulness of including these genes on routine gene panels.

15. A genome-wide gene-environment interaction study of breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry [2023]

  • Middha, Pooja, Wang, Xiaoliang, Behrens, Sabine, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Ahearn, Thomas U, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Auer, Paul L, Augustinsson, Annelie, Baert, Thaïs, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Bojesen, Stig E, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Carracedo, Angel, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Dossus, Laure, Dugué, Pierre-Antoine, Eliassen, A Heather, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine D, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Hall, Per, Ingvar, Christian, Isaksson, Karolin, and Jernström, Helena
  • Breast cancer research : BCR EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health. 25(1):1-13
Subjects
Adult, Female, Humans, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Breast Neoplasms/etiology, Bayes Theorem, Genome-Wide Association Study, Risk Factors, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Case-Control Studies, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Klinisk medicin, Cancer och onkologi, Medical and Health Sciences, Clinical Medicine, and Cancer and Oncology
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Genome-wide studies of gene-environment interactions (G×E) may identify variants associated with disease risk in conjunction with lifestyle/environmental exposures. We conducted a genome-wide G×E analysis of ~ 7.6 million common variants and seven lifestyle/environmental risk factors for breast cancer risk overall and for estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer.METHODS: Analyses were conducted using 72,285 breast cancer cases and 80,354 controls of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Gene-environment interactions were evaluated using standard unconditional logistic regression models and likelihood ratio tests for breast cancer risk overall and for ER + breast cancer. Bayesian False Discovery Probability was employed to assess the noteworthiness of each SNP-risk factor pairs.RESULTS: Assuming a 1 × 10-5 prior probability of a true association for each SNP-risk factor pairs and a Bayesian False Discovery Probability < 15%, we identified two independent SNP-risk factor pairs: rs80018847(9p13)-LINGO2 and adult height in association with overall breast cancer risk (ORint = 0.94, 95% CI 0.92-0.96), and rs4770552(13q12)-SPATA13 and age at menarche for ER + breast cancer risk (ORint = 0.91, 95% CI 0.88-0.94).CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the contribution of G×E interactions to the heritability of breast cancer is very small. At the population level, multiplicative G×E interactions do not make an important contribution to risk prediction in breast cancer.

16. Pattern of suspicious deaths of married females brought for medico-legal autopsy at teaching institute of India. [2023]

  • Parmar, Pragnesh B., Rathod, Gunvanti B., Bansal, Prerna, Maru, Alpeshkumar M., Pandya, Binita, and Bansal, Anupam K.
  • Journal of Family Medicine & Primary Care. Sep2023, Vol. 12 Issue 9, p2110-2113. 4p.
Abstract
Background: Death is unnatural and suspicious when it is caused by external causation like injury or poisoning or other than natural course. In such deaths of married females, the inquest is carried out, and a medico-legal autopsy is conducted to ascertain the cause of death and manner of death. Materials and Methods: This record-based, retrospective study was carried out at RVRS Medical College, Rajasthan in the year 2021 (1st January, 2021 to 31st December, 2021) to know the pattern of the suspicious death of married females brought for medico-legal autopsy. The inquest report, medico-legal autopsy report, histopathological examination report, and chemical analysis report findings were tabulated and analyzed. Results: The maximum number (31.62%) of female deaths belonged to the age group of 18-22 years of age. A total of 33.82% of females died during a marriage duration of less than 5 years of married life. A total of 22.79% of female deaths were related to dowry and 60.2% of females belonged to rural areas. A total of 59.56% of females were died due to poisoning and 75% of female deaths considered suicidal. Conclusion: Suspicious deaths of married women brought for medico-legal autopsy must be dealt with due to precaution to determine the cause and manner of death. One must be vigilant that the suspicious death of a married female may be associated with dowry in the Indian scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

17. The Influence of a Girls' Health and Well-Being Program on Body Image, Self-Esteem, and Physical Activity Enjoyment. [2023]

  • Walters, Kellie, Chard, Chrissy, Castro, Esmeralda, and Nelson, Devin
  • Behavioral Sciences (2076-328X). Sep2023, Vol. 13 Issue 9, p783. 13p.
Subjects
TEENAGE girls, GIRLS' health, BODY image, PHYSICAL activity, SELF-esteem, and SELF-determination theory
Abstract
Adolescent girls report low physical activity levels and poor body image and self-esteem. This study evaluated the impact of a girls' health intervention on body image, self-esteem, and physical activity enjoyment. The intervention was grounded in self-determination theory, resulting in lessons designed to promote autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The two primary components of the intervention included opportunities for girls to learn about resistance training as well as ways to improve their psychosocial health (i.e., body image, self-esteem, and physical activity enjoyment). Girls (n = 590), in the intervention (Mage = 12.79, SD = 0.69) and control group (Mage = 12.92, SD = 0.73), completed pre and post measures. A repeated measures MANOVA was conducted to assess changes in body image, self-esteem, and physical activity enjoyment. The intervention resulted in a significant increase in body esteem-appearance, F = 9.23, p = 0.003, and body esteem-weight, F = 4.77, p = 0.029, and a greater, non-significant, increase in self-esteem (3.22%), and physical activity enjoyment (4.01%) compared to the control group. This highlighted the use of the intervention for significant improvements in appearance and weight-related body image. The results support implementing psychosocial lessons, as well as physical activity, in health programming for girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

18. ROMAN NORMLARI VE GELENEKLERİ AÇISINDAN KADIN VE ERGEN BİREYLERDE ALKOL KULLANIMI. [2023]

  • ÖZMEN, Nebile, ŞENCAN, Fatma, and BEKİ, Abduhakim
  • Ekev Academic Review. 2023, Vol. 27 Issue 95, p225-237. 13p.
Subjects
ALCOHOL drinking, HISTORIC districts, MEN'S attitudes, WOMEN'S attitudes, and SOCIAL structure
Abstract
As with other behaviors of people, the approach to alcohol use and cultural and environmental predisposition of the community in which one lives are the main factors that closely affect alcohol use attitudes. In traditional social structures, traditions and customs may have a more dominant role on the behavior of the person. It is possible to see this interaction in the example of the Gypsies, who maintain their cultural patterns and traditional structures through intergenerational transmission and develop a unique attitude due to their commitment to tradition. In particular, this situation can be observed by examining the attitudes and alcohol use behaviors of women and adolescents in this group. At this point, it is important to determine to what extent traditionalist approaches that show a protective approach against alcohol use by women, who are considered to be disadvantaged groups in the society, as well as the exposure of children and adolescents to alcohol and the tolerant approach to alcohol use in this community. In this study, a mixed group of Roman communities, which stand out with an effort to preserve their traditions, was chosen as a sample in order to determine the role of culture in alcohol consumption. Among the prominent results of the research conducted in the Selami Ali neighborhood of Üsküdar, which is one of the historical districts of Istanbul, the sexist approaches in the alcohol use attitudes of men and women of the community, which continue to adhere strictly to their traditions, continue to be fed by customs and traditions, the prevalence of use in the neighborhood leads to children and adolescents found to be adversely affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

19. A hypothesis - generating Swedish extended national cross-sectional family study of multimorbidity severity and venous thromboembolism [2023]

  • Ahrén, Jonatan, Pirouzifard, MirNabi, Holmquist, Björn, Sundquist, Jan, Halling, Anders, Sundquist, Kristina, and Zöller, Bengt
  • BMJ Open EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health. 13(6):1-8
Subjects
Male, Female, Humans, Venous Thromboembolism/etiology, Sweden/epidemiology, Multimorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Risk Factors, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Klinisk medicin, Reumatologi och inflammation, Medical and Health Sciences, Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology and Autoimmunity, Hälsovetenskap, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Health Sciences, Public Health, Global Health, and Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common worldwide disease. The burden of multimorbidity, that is, two or more chronic diseases, has increased. Whether multimorbidity is associated with VTE risk remains to be studied. Our aim was to determine any association between multimorbidity and VTE and any possible shared familial susceptibility.DESIGN: A nationwide extended cross-sectional hypothesis - generating family study between 1997 and 2015.SETTING: The Swedish Multigeneration Register, the National Patient Register, the Total Population Register and the Swedish cause of death register were linked.PARTICIPANTS: 2 694 442 unique individuals were analysed for VTE and multimorbidity.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Multimorbidity was determined by a counting method using 45 non-communicable diseases. Multimorbidity was defined by the occurrence of ≥2 diseases. A multimorbidity score was constructed defined by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 or more diseases.RESULTS: Sixteen percent (n=440 742) of the study population was multimorbid. Of the multimorbid patients, 58% were females. There was an association between multimorbidity and VTE. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for VTE in individuals with multimorbidity (2 ≥ diagnoses) was 3.16 (95% CI: 3.06 to 3.27) compared with individuals without multimorbidity. There was an association between number of diseases and VTE. The adjusted OR was 1.94 (95% CI: 1.86 to 2.02) for one disease, 2.93 (95% CI: 2.80 to 3.08) for two diseases, 4.07 (95% CI: 3.85 to 4.31) for three diseases, 5.46 (95% CI: 5.10 to 5.85) for four diseases and 9.08 (95% CI: 8.56 to 9.64) for 5 ≥ diseases. The association between multimorbidity and VTE was stronger in males OR 3.45 (3.29 to 3.62) than in females OR 2.91 (2.77 to 3.04). There were significant but mostly weak familial associations between multimorbidity in relatives and VTE.CONCLUSIONS: Increasing multimorbidity exhibits a strong and increasing association with VTE. Familial associations suggest a weak shared familial susceptibility. The association between multimorbidity and VTE suggests that future cohort studies where multimorbidity is used to predict VTE might be worthwhile.

20. Circulating triglycerides are associated with human adipose tissue DNA methylation of genes linked to metabolic disease [2023]

  • Rönn, Tina, Perfilyev, Alexander, Jönsson, Josefine, Eriksson, Karl-Fredrik, Jørgensen, Sine W, Brøns, Charlotte, Gillberg, Linn, Vaag, Allan, Stener-Victorin, Elisabet, and Ling, Charlotte
  • Human Molecular Genetics EXODIAB: Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health. 32(11):1875-1887
Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, DNA Methylation/genetics, Triglycerides/genetics, Insulin Resistance/genetics, Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics, Adipose Tissue/metabolism, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper, Medicinsk genetik, Medical and Health Sciences, Basic Medicine, and Medical Genetics
Abstract
Dysregulation of circulating lipids is a central element for the metabolic syndrome. However, it is not well established whether human subcutaneous adipose tissue is affected by or affect circulating lipids through epigenetic mechanisms. Hence, our aim was to investigate the association between circulating lipids and DNA methylation levels in human adipose tissue. DNA methylation and gene expression were analysed genome-wide in subcutaneous adipose tissue from two different cohorts, including 85 men and 93 women, respectively. Associations between DNA methylation and circulating levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol were analysed. Causal mediation analyses tested if adipose tissue DNA methylation mediates the effects of triglycerides on gene expression or insulin resistance. We found 115 novel associations between triglycerides and adipose tissue DNA methylation, e.g. in the promoter of RFS1, ARID2 and HOXA5 in the male cohort (P ≤ 1.1 × 10-7), and 63 associations, e.g. within the gene body of PTPRN2 and COL6A3 in the female cohort. We further connected these findings to altered mRNA expression levels in adipose tissue (e.g. HOXA5, IL11 and FAM45B). Interestingly, there was no overlap between methylation sites associated with triglycerides in men and the sites found in women, which points towards sex-specific effects of triglycerides on the epigenome. Finally, a causal mediation analysis provided support for adipose tissue DNA methylation as a partial mediating factor between circulating triglycerides and insulin resistance. This study identified novel epigenetic alterations in adipose tissue associated with circulating lipids. Identified epigenetic changes seem to mediate effects of triglycerides on insulin resistance.

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