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COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic, SOCIALISM, POLITICAL systems, and WESTERN countries

This article compares the response of the Chinese state to the COVID-19 pandemic with that of the major Western capitalist countries. It collates evidence showing that China has mobilised unprecedented governmental, economic, technological, scientific and human resources in order to get the viral outbreak under control. In countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom, on the other hand, the response to COVID-19 has thus far been insufficient, and as a result these countries have not had anywhere near China's level of success in protecting their populations from infection. Analysing the reasons for this disparity, the article concludes that China's socialist economic and political system, along with the leadership of the Communist Party of China, have been indispensable factors in China's extraordinary efforts to respond to one of the greatest threats to humanity in modern history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CHINA -- Politics & government, SOFT power (Social sciences), CHINA -- Foreign relations, SOCIALISM -- China, POWER (Social sciences), and CONCEPTS

This article examines China's unique soft power conceptualisation, which differs from the American coinage. It contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating how soft power is theorised by Chinese academicians and policymakers in a distinct way. That means, according to China's own tradition, predating the term. Unlike in America, where soft power is largely developed freely, in China, it is highly centralised. As a rising power, the People's Republic initially concentrates on building domestic soft power, primarily through socialist culture and virtuous governance. These are in turn displayed to the outside world. Beijing uses multiple channels to tell the China story and has been setting up international platforms to portray itself as a responsible global actor. Several soft power indexes show that China holds a relatively positive image in Africa and South America. In Asia, views are mixed, while in Europe and North America, they remain low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SOCIALISM -- China, DIPLOMACY, and CULTURAL relations

Copyright of Transmodernity: Journal of Peripheral Cultural Production of the Luso-Hispanic World is the property of Transmodernity: Journal of Peripheral Cultural Production of the Luso-Hispanic World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ECONOMIC reform, POLITICAL reform, SELF-culture, SOCIALISM -- China, and TECHNOLOGICAL innovations

The article offers information on the success of China's progressive development which is correctly handling the relationship between theory and practice. Topics include relationship between incremental reform and stock reform and economic reform and political reform; steady and gradual process of self-improvement and development of the socialist system, which is different from the radical reform path in the Soviet Union; and emphasizing innovation and exploration in advancing the reform.

MULTINATIONAL states, SOCIALISM, MINORITIES, ETHNIC groups, NATIONAL characteristics, and CHINA

This article provides a normative analysis of the rationale behind the creation of the Chinese unitary multinational state. Far from being irrelevant in the face of the well-known aversion of scientific socialism for normative thinking, such analysis illuminates the Chinese Communist Party's long-standing commitment to the unitary multinational state as the best response to the national question. It shows that the Party's leadership, in a conscious effort to adapt Stalin's theory of nationality to Chinese revolutionary praxis, substantially revised the standard conception of national self-determination. Relying on its own materialist logic, it made participation in the struggle against alienation the normative basis to justify granting ethnic minorities special rights of regional autonomy under a common state. The creation of the Chinese unitary multinational state appears in this light as a normatively coherent attempt to guarantee that all ethnic groups that contributed to national liberation benefit equally from their imprescriptible right to collective self-determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ENTREPRENEURSHIP, BUSINESSPEOPLE, SOCIALISM, ORGANIZATIONAL legitimacy, CHINA, and ECONOMIC conditions in China

This article, the product of several years of extensive fieldwork, seeks to reinvigorate the debate on China's private entrepreneurs by arguing that they have become a "strategic group" within the Chinese polity. While they do not openly challenge the current regime, they continuously alter the power balance within the current regime coalition, which connects them to the party-state at all administrative levels. As the future of Chinese socialism depends on the sound development of the private-sector economy and, therefore, on the promotion of private entrepreneurship, it can be expected that entrepreneurial influence within the regime coalition will rise, with inevitable consequences for regime legitimacy and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SOCIALISM -- China, MODERNIZATION (Social science), SOCIAL change, and CIVILIZATION