articles+ search results

278,918 articles+ results

1 - 50
View results as:
Number of results to display per page
hide topic overview

Prototype.

A prototype is an early model of a product. A prototype is born from an idea for a product. It is typically built, tested, and redesigned as necessary until an acceptable final version is achieved. Once a prototype is considered final, the product...

Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2019. 2p.

1. Ultrasonic Degradation of Link-Functionalized Polymers for the Activation of Chemical Reactions [0000]

  • Berkowski, Kimberly Louise
Subjects
Chemistry, Biochemistry
Abstract
The third part of this work describes a simple laboratory experiment for junior high or high school students that promotes understanding of photolithography, crosslinking density, and the process of photopolymerization, while demonstrating the power of rapid prototyping used to fabricate microscale devices. The versatility of photolithography for microchip construction is exemplified by allowing each student to fabricate polymers in virtually any shape imaginable, including his or her silhouette.

2. Systematic Computer Architecture Prototyping [0000]

  • Conte, Thomas M.
Subjects
Engineering, Electronics and Electrical and Computer Science
Abstract
The current design process for workstation systems is over-taxed due to the size and diversity of realistic workload models. This thesis advocates a method to improve the design process by synthesizing prototype architectures from workloads. Focus is placed on the processor and memory systems, although the overall philosophy is applicable to other workstation components as well. Prototyping of memory systems is performed using methods to evaluate multiple designs with one pass over the address trace. Statistical sampling of address traces is adapted from traditional cache simulation to improve the performance and trace-size range of the techniques. These methods are extended to account for performance penalties due to multiprogramming. Prototyping of superscalar processors is performed using new statistical sampling techniques in conjunction with two simulation algorithms. The resource usage in an unlimited-resource simulation is used to select processor resource needs, but is only applicable to fixed operation latencies. A more general solution based on simulated annealing is developed and demonstrated as a prototyping method. The interaction between prototypes is investigated via simulation of three common schemes for coupling the processor to the memory system: blocking on a cache miss, limited-blocking, and non-blocking. It is concluded that sufficient design options exist to justify the separate design of the processor and the memory.

3. Additive Fabrication and Soft -Lithographic Patterning of Microelectronic Devices [0000]

  • Erhardt, Martin Karl
Subjects
Engineering, Materials Science
Abstract
Chapter 1 outlines the background and motivation for applying selective film deposition and soft-lithographic patterning techniques to microelectronic device fabrication. Chapter 2 describes how microcontact printing of organic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be used to induce selective chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of platinum and palladium metal films on silicon, which are used extensively in the microelectronics industry to make metal silicide interconnects. The fabrication of platinum silicide Schottky diodes described in chapter 3 demonstrates the efficacy of soft-lithographically molded polymer templates for the selective deposition of platinum by CVD and the use of this same polymer template as a resist to buffered HF/NH4F oxide etchant. The silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) fabrication detailed in chapter 4 demonstrates the successful use of soft-lithographic surface patterning in the fabrication of silicon devices requiring multilevel pattern registration. The fabrication of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistors (TFrs) described in chapter 5 demonstrates the use of soft-lithography to pattern micron-scale device features on a spherically curved substrate---a significant advantage over conventional photolithography. Each of the three device arrays described in chapters 3, 4, and 5 was fabricated by a rapid prototyping process that uses mask patterns printed on transparency sheets rather than electron-beam written chrome-on-quartz masks. Finally, the investigation recorded in chapter 6 demonstrated how perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) can be used as contact printing inks to make patterns of discrete beads with micron-scale lateral dimensions and nanoscale vertical dimensions. Such patterns may be useful as nanoscale spacers to prevent contact between patterned substrates in multi-substrate vertical assemblies.

4. An Environment for Interactive Parallel Numerical Computing [0000]

  • Norris, Boyana Radenska
Subjects
Computer Science
Abstract
In the past decades, the use of massively parallel supercomputers and distributed systems has increased, while the cost of computational resources has decreased steadily. This has lead to the emergence of a new dominant cost---that of the human developer. The solution of large-scale scientific problems has generated a need for development environments that ensure good human efficiency in the development of an application, in addition to the application's computational efficiency. We have developed an environment for rapid-prototyping of scientific codes, combining the ease-of-use of a MATLAB-like interactive interface with the high performance of a massively parallel system. This new approach to high-performance computing bridges the gap between high-level interactive interfaces and parallel architectures. It further allows the utilization of highly optimized parallel numerical libraries. Finally, the difficult and error-prone management of distributed resources is handled in a manner transparent to the user.

5. Materials Processing Towards Development of Rapid Prototyping Technology for Manufacturing Biomedical Implants [0000]

  • Pekin, Senol
Subjects
Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery
Abstract
Sintering of gel-cast calcium hydroxyapatite was studied by means of thermal analysis, XRD, mechanical testing, and SEM, both for sub-micron and the agglomerated powder type. Transformation temperatures of tri-calcium phosphate upon cooling were determined as 1475°C for (alpha' to alpha, 1190°C for alpha to beta, and 800--700°C range for beta to hydroxy-oxyapatite transformation. Dilatometry revealed that dimensional change reaches to saturation at 1200°C. Mechanical testing of the parts sintered at 1200--1500°C revealed that compressive strength in the 2--10 MPa range was achieved.

6. Automatic parallelization of Prolog programs [0000]

  • Sehr, David Christopher
Subjects
Computer Science
Abstract
Prolog has a number of advantages for use in rapid prototyping. The explotation of parallelism holds the promise of making these prototypes directly executable. This dissertation addresses the parallel execution of Prolog programs without restricting the language to a pure subset or requiring user annotations. We begin by presenting methods for the OR parallel execution of Prolog programs with side effects such as assert, retract, and cut. Our methods have been implemented in an interpreter on the Alliant FX/8 and some results are presented. The second portion describes a method for estimating the inherent parallelism in Prolog programs. This work is based on the critical path methods of Kumar and is used to measure the best possible speedups under OR and AND/OR parallel models. The results of timing the Berkeley Benchmarks with these methods are presented. The last portion of the dissertation describes a method for applying Fortran techniques to Prolog programs. It begins by describing the construction of control flow graphs and shows how to identify recursive procedures that can be converted to loops. Lastly, dependence analysis methods and several source-to-source transformations from Fortran are used to synchronize and parallelize these loops. The results of hand-applying these transformations to a number of programs are presented. We demonstrate that we are able to obtain significant speedups on a number of programs by applying our transformations.

7. Design and Development of a Portable Microfluidic System for Medical Diagnostics [0000]

  • Shaikh, Kashan
Subjects
Engineering, Electronics and Electrical
Abstract
In this work I present my research towards the development of a portable LOC system for medical diagnostics. A modular microfluidic LOC architecture is presented along with its implementation in two successive generations of devices. The architecture allows for rapid prototyping and simple design changes at low cost. Next, the design, fabrication, and characterization of a latchable microvalve is presented. Such a valve would be quite useful in a portable LOC for fluid storage and low power operation. Finally, I present my work towards realizing a portable instrument that interfaces directly with an LOC to create a simplified user interface. The goal of this research is to take microfluidic LOC technology to the next level where it can move out of the engineering lab and into the hands of the ultimate users (i.e., doctors, biologists, chemists).

8. ENCOMPASS: An Environment for Incremental Software Development Using Executable, Logic-Based Specifications [0000]

  • Terwilliger, Robert Barden
Subjects
Computer Science
Abstract
The Vienna Development Method (VDM) supports the top-down development of software specified in a notation suitable for formal verification. VDM has been used in industrial applications to enhance the development process. In such environments VDM is applied in an informal, non-automated manner; verification conditions are generated and certified without the aid of specialized tools, and data types may not be formally axiomatized. This dissertation is based on the thesis that the time is ripe for the construction of environments which partially automate development methods similar to VDM, and that such environments will prove useful in industrial settings. ENCOMPASS is an automated environment which supports a formal development method similar to VDM; it supports rapid prototyping and program verification, as well as providing simple facilities for configuration control and project management. In ENCOMPASS, components are specified using a combination of natural language and PLEASE, a wide-spectrum executable specification and design language. PLEASE specifications may be used in proofs of correctness; they may also be automatically transformed into prototypes which use Prolog to "execute" pre- and post-conditions. In ENCOMPASS, PLEASE specifications are incrementally refined into Ada$\sp1$ implementations. Each refinement is verified before another is applied; therefore, the final components produced by the development satisfy the original specifications. In ENCOMPASS, the correctness of a refinement step can be verified using either testing, proof or peer review techniques. ENCOMPASS is an environment for the rigorous development of programs. Although detailed mechanical proofs are not required at every step, the framework is present so that they can be constructed if necessary. Proof techniques may be used which range from a very detailed, completely formal proof using mechanical theorem proving, to a development "annotated" with unproven verification conditions. Parts of a project may use detailed mechanical verification while other, less critical parts may be handled using less expensive techniques. We believe the use of future environments similar to ENCOMPASS will enhance the software development process. ftn$\sp1$Ada is a trademark of the U.S. Government, Ada Joint Program Office.

9. Multivariable Robust Control of Nonlinear Systems With Application to an Electro -Hydraulic Powertrain [0000]

  • Zhang, Rong
Subjects
Engineering, Mechanical
Abstract
The benefits of the above methodology to a MIMO powertrain system include a simplified mechanical structure, model-based control coordination, economical prototyping, as well as improved performance, efficiency, and ease of operation. An immediate application of these results to the earthmoving industry can reduce the cost of the control design cycle by formalizing the procedure. Simultaneously, a superior overall system will result by taking advantage of the multivariable structure.

10. Developing On-line Information Systems for Yield Monitor [0102]

  • Huang, Jie-Yu and 黃介禹
Abstract
碩士
南台科技大學
工業管理研究所
101
On the issue of factory yield, the performance of yield affects production cost directly. How to feed back product quality status effectively and immediately is the key project of yield enhancement. This study is using Prototyping to develop real time On-line Information Systems for yield management, the integrated and subject-oriented structured data with Data Mart and On-line Information Processing Technology. Using the structure of subject-oriented information to reduce the response time of system and improve system’s performance, helping the case to do real time yield monitoring, resolving the issue of quality abnormal situation which could not react timely and yield rate of manufacturing management. By validating and tracking the case, real time On-line Information Systems can transfer information rapidly, shorten the response time of quality abnormal situation, also decrease the cost of the production, and the system developed can shorten the reactive time when the case is doing yield monitor.

11. The Aerodynamic Analysis of Optimal Shape for Solar Vehicle Used in Metropolis [0102]

  • Yuan-Lung Hsu and 許元朧
Abstract
碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
模具工程系
101
Apollo solar car team’s solar car shape design in mostly based on race-type mainly designed for single driver’s seat, with three wheels. Motor company’s solar car development is still at the conceptual design stage. Currently, the race-type solar car is beginning to move toward the commercialized requirements which tires must be four and comply with the specifications of the city car, and consider the human factors engineering design. A metropolis-type solar car, widening interior space to make passengers comfortable, should have the shape with lower aerodynamic drag coefficient(Cd) to meet the requirement of energy consumption. Both of the numerical simulation and the experimental measurements are used to design and verify the models in this study. For comparing the drag coefficient, the four shape designs of solar city cars, equipped with two upright seats, tested under various speed, attack angles and deflection angles inside a wind tunnel. The ANSYS ICEM-CFD software used to build the appearance and mesh for the test models. The numerical simulation, used ANSYS FLUENT CFD, calculated and obtained the optimal shape of the car with a lower Cd. The test models, scaled 1:25, manufacture by the rapid-prototyping(RP). For each model, the values of Cd can be determined by tested in a low speed open-loop wind tunnel. The results are shown the Cd-value decreases when car speed up, but the lift coefficient increases while car speed in 36-108 km/hr. In addition, the Model-C have better Cd-value, 0.33802, than others. The results of the wind tunnel experiment are consistent with that of the numerical simulation. The results of the research will be valuable to develop the metropolis-type solar car in the future.

12. Rapid Prototyping Shortens Hydraulic Component Development Time [1110]

  • Jones, R., Miller, S., and Stretten, I.
  • PAPERS- SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS NEW YORK. (NO SP-1110):81-86

13. Environmental Impacts of Distributed Manufacturing from 3-D Printing of Polymer Components and Products [1255]

  • Kreiger, Megan, Pearce, Joshua, and Michigan Tech Open Sustainability Laboratory ; Michigan Technological University (MTU)
  • Symposium D/G – Materials for Sustainable Development—Challenges and Opportunities
    Symposium D/G – Materials for Sustainable Development—Challenges and Opportunities, Volume 1492, 1255, ⟨10.1557/opl.2013.319⟩
Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences and [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers
Abstract
International audience; Although additive layer manufacturing is well established for rapid prototyping the low throughput and historic costs have prevented mass-scale adoption. The recent development of the RepRap, an open source self-replicating rapid prototyper, has made low-cost 3-D printers readily available to the public at reasonable prices (<$1,000). The RepRap (Prusa Mendell variant) currently prints 3-D objects in a 200x200x140 square millimeters build envelope from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA). ABS and PLA are both thermoplastics that can be injection-molded, each with their own benefits, as ABS is rigid and durable, while PLA is plant-based and can be recycled and composted. The melting temperature of ABS and PLA enable use in low-cost 3-D printers, as these temperature are low enough to use in melt extrusion in the home, while high enough for prints to retain their shape at average use temperatures. Using 3-D printers to manufacture provides the ability to both change the fill composition by printing voids and fabricate shapes that are impossible to make using tradition methods like injection molding. This allows more complicated shapes to be created while using less material, which could reduce environmental impact. As the open source 3-D printers continue to evolve and improve in both cost and performance, the potential for economically-viable distributed manufacturing of products increases. Thus, products and components could be customized and printed on-site by individual consumers as needed, reversing the historical trend towards centrally mass-manufactured and shipped products. Distributed manufacturing reduces embodied transportation energy from the distribution of conventional centralized manufacturing, but questions remain concerning the potential for increases in the overall embodied energy of the manufacturing due to reduction in scale. In order to quantify the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing using 3-D printers, a life cycle analysis was performed on a plastic juicer. The energy consumed and emissions produced from conventional large-scale production overseas are compared to experimental measurements on a RepRap producing identical products with ABS and PLA. The results of this LCA are discussed in relation to the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing with 3-D printers and polymer selection for 3-D printing to reduce this impact. The results of this study show that distributed manufacturing uses less energy than conventional manufacturing due to the RepRap's unique ability to reduce fill composition. Distributed manufacturing also has less emissions than conventional manufacturing when using PLA and when using ABS with solar photovoltaic power. The results of this study indicate that open-source additive layer distributed manufacturing is both technically viable and beneficial from an ecological perspective.

14. Environmental Impacts of Distributed Manufacturing from 3-D Printing of Polymer Components and Products [1255]

  • Kreiger, Megan, Pearce, Joshua, and Michigan Tech Open Sustainability Laboratory ; Michigan Technological University (MTU)
  • Symposium D/G – Materials for Sustainable Development—Challenges and Opportunities
    Symposium D/G – Materials for Sustainable Development—Challenges and Opportunities, Volume 1492, 1255, ⟨10.1557/opl.2013.319⟩
Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences and [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers
Abstract
International audience; Although additive layer manufacturing is well established for rapid prototyping the low throughput and historic costs have prevented mass-scale adoption. The recent development of the RepRap, an open source self-replicating rapid prototyper, has made low-cost 3-D printers readily available to the public at reasonable prices (<$1,000). The RepRap (Prusa Mendell variant) currently prints 3-D objects in a 200x200x140 square millimeters build envelope from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA). ABS and PLA are both thermoplastics that can be injection-molded, each with their own benefits, as ABS is rigid and durable, while PLA is plant-based and can be recycled and composted. The melting temperature of ABS and PLA enable use in low-cost 3-D printers, as these temperature are low enough to use in melt extrusion in the home, while high enough for prints to retain their shape at average use temperatures. Using 3-D printers to manufacture provides the ability to both change the fill composition by printing voids and fabricate shapes that are impossible to make using tradition methods like injection molding. This allows more complicated shapes to be created while using less material, which could reduce environmental impact. As the open source 3-D printers continue to evolve and improve in both cost and performance, the potential for economically-viable distributed manufacturing of products increases. Thus, products and components could be customized and printed on-site by individual consumers as needed, reversing the historical trend towards centrally mass-manufactured and shipped products. Distributed manufacturing reduces embodied transportation energy from the distribution of conventional centralized manufacturing, but questions remain concerning the potential for increases in the overall embodied energy of the manufacturing due to reduction in scale. In order to quantify the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing using 3-D printers, a life cycle analysis was performed on a plastic juicer. The energy consumed and emissions produced from conventional large-scale production overseas are compared to experimental measurements on a RepRap producing identical products with ABS and PLA. The results of this LCA are discussed in relation to the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing with 3-D printers and polymer selection for 3-D printing to reduce this impact. The results of this study show that distributed manufacturing uses less energy than conventional manufacturing due to the RepRap's unique ability to reduce fill composition. Distributed manufacturing also has less emissions than conventional manufacturing when using PLA and when using ABS with solar photovoltaic power. The results of this study indicate that open-source additive layer distributed manufacturing is both technically viable and beneficial from an ecological perspective.

15. Formal and Programming Tools for Information System Design and Prototyping [1482]

  • Ceska, M. and Janousek, V.
  • ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION USA -REPORTS-. :199-200

16. IMECE2004-59580 Finite Element Analysis of Solidifying Processes in Rapid Freeze Prototyping [1745]

  • Liu, Q. and Leu, M. C.
  • ASME -PUBLICATIONS- MED. :127-138

17. ラピッド・プロトタイピングシンポジウム = The Japan Rapid Prototyping Symposium [1900]

  • RP産業協会 and RP産業協会 編

18. Contour crafting construction with sulfur concrete [2016]

Abstract
2016-08-03
Over the past three decades, additive manufacturing (AM), also widely known as 3D printing, has impacted the traditional manufacturing industry for its specific capability in rapid prototyping, fabrication of complex geometries, creation of multi-material composites and customization. In contrast with most traditional manufacturing processes, which subtracts the unintended material from a blank piece, the AM process fabricates part by successively adding building material layer-by-layer based on a planned tool path generated from a CAD model. So far, various additive manufacturing technologies have been developed for applications in areas such as architecture, space, automotive, fashion, jewelry, energy and even biomedical. Classified by processes, additive manufacturing contains extrusion, powder bed, light polymerized, laminated and powder fed. ❧ Contour Crafting is an extrusion based additive manufacturing process invented by Dr. Behrokh Khoshnevis from University of Southern California, which can quickly build constructions such as houses out of Portland concrete. By depositing wet concrete through a hose against the side shaping trowel at the nozzle outlet, Contour Crafting can create a smooth surface finish over the accumulated successive layers. A special designed triple-nozzle assembly can construct hollow walls with increased strength and less amount of building material. This automatic construction technology aims to release construction workers from dangerous and tedious work. In the Mars and Lunar colonization missions led by NASA, contour crafting is considered to be the promising construction candidate for out space construction, especially in automatically structure protective hangars for equipment and shelter for astronauts. ❧ In this dissertation, the feasibility of contour crafting in space application is analyzed in consideration of the accessible local construction raw material, the adversary environmental conditions, the adjustment of existing C

19. ユーザインタフェース設計における概念仕様記述の変換 : 因子化

Abstract
This paper presents transformation algorithms and a translator of conceptual level specifications in user interface design. The translator we implemented is based on four level user interface model. This is the model that user interface designers separate user interface to four levels, that is, conceptual level, functional level, sequencing level, and binding level, and design and implement in top down. Many user interface management systems don't support conceptual level design. There are many paradigms in user interface design. Without our translator, when the paradigm of user interface is changed, user interface designers must specify all over again. Thus, the translator is useful of user interface prototyping. Also, the translator allows us to quickly create the specifications which fits for existing user interface management systems.

20. A dynamically-typed language for prototyping high-performance data parallel programs. [2015]

21. Rubber with Holes. [1939]

  • BusinessWeek; 4/22/1939, Issue 503, p24-27, 3p
Subjects
RUBBER goods, NEW product development, BATHING suits, STORAGE batteries, and RAPID prototyping
Abstract
The article reports that the mechanical division of U.S. Rubber Co. in New York has developed two new products, Multiple rubber and Microporous hard rubber. As reported, these products can be used in preparing diverse products ranging from filters and sieves to storage batteries, bathing suits, and reducing girdles.

22. Auto Suppliers Take the Bumps. [1954]

  • BusinessWeek; 10/23/1954, Issue 1312, p72-82, 5p
Subjects
ORIGINAL equipment manufacturers, DISTRIBUTORS (Commerce), MANUFACTURERS' agents, SUPPLY chains, and RAPID prototyping
Abstract
The article reports that automotive supply companies are selling out or looking for new products to manufacture. The suppliers who were hit hardest are Chrysler, American Motors, Kaiser-Willys and Studebaker-Packard. Even high sales by major customers do not guarantee good business for the maker of original equipment or parts.

23. Automobil-Industrie [1956]

24. Automobil-Industrie [1956]

25. Automobil-Industrie [1956]

Subjects
Kraftfahrzeugindustrie, Zeitschrift, and Zeitschrift
Abstract
[1.]1956 - [8.]1963; 9.1964

26. A three-dimensional laminated paper model of the scaphoid from computed tomography. [1957]

  • Kakizawa, H, Toyota, N, Akiyama, Y, Kijima, Y, Ishida, O, and Ito, K
  • Acta Radiologica; July 1957, Vol. 48 Issue: 1 p80-88, 9p
Abstract
To describe a method of producing a life-sized three-dimensional (3D) solid model of a scaphoid bone by combining multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) volume data and rapid prototyping technique using thin paper as material, and to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of the experimental model.

27. Design of an aircraft power-type circuit breaker for 600 F ambient [1958]

  • Austin, B. O.
  • Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part II: Applications and Industry Trans. AIEE, Part II: Applicat. Ind. American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part II: Applications and Industry, Transactions of the. 77(5):338-342 Nov, 1958

28. Print Reader MX2021 ( )/G IMR Analyzing Reader Model 8PT1. [1959]

Abstract
On 14-16 November 1989, the US Army CECOM Center for Software Engineering hosted the TTCP Workshop on Requirements Engineering and Rapid Prototyping. This even was sponsored by the Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP) . The workshop's forty-nine international participants met to share current information on the field, to identify and clarify the most pressing issues. and to provide recommendations to DoD for management, development, and research relating to Requirements Engineering. The workshop provided a forum for thirteen technical presentation. Participants divided into three working groups for small-group interaction. These proceedings document the presentations and findings of this workshop and its working groups. Keywords: Software requirements, System requirements. (KR)

29. The Effects of Processing Conditions on Thermoplastic Prototypes Reinforced with Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymers [1997]

Abstract
This work is concerned with preliminary studies on developing thermoplastic composite materials suitable for use in fused deposition modeling (FDM). Polypropylene (PP) strands reinforced with continuous thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) fibrils were generated in a novel dual extruder process. Strands were then re-extruded to form short fiber composite monofilaments that were used as feed stock in the FDM 1600 rapid prototyping system. Prototypes containing 40 wt% Vectra A were shown to have tensile properties twice those of parts built using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS), a commercially available material used in the FDM 1600 rapid prototyping system. It was also shown that the final mechanical properties of a composite prototype can be tailored to a specific application by adjusting the lay-down pattern, increasing the functionality of the prototype. In order to obtain the maximum tensile properties in these composite prototype, additional studies were performed to determine the effects of thermal and deformation histories on the mechanical properties of monofilaments that were re-extruded from long fiber TLCP reinforced strands. Strands were consolidated uniaxially at temperatures just above the melting point of the matrix in order to determine the effects of thermal history, and an approximate 20% reduction in tensile modulus relative to the modulus of the strands was observed. Monofilaments that could be used as feed stock in FDM were extruded from long fiber TLCP reinforced strands using a capillary rheometer in order to study the effects of capillary diameter, capillary L/D, and apparent shear rate on the tensile properties.

30. ニアメモリ処理アーキテクチャのプロトタイピングシステムの開発

31. Imaging requirements for medical applications of additive manufacturing [1961]

  • Huotilainen, Eero, Paloheimo, Markku, Salmi, Mika, Paloheimo, Kaija-Stiina, Björkstrand, Roy, Tuomi, Jukka, Markkola, Antti, and Mäkitie, Antti
  • Acta Radiologica; January 1961, Vol. 55 Issue: 1 p78-85, 8p
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), formerly known as rapid prototyping, is steadily shifting its focus from industrial prototyping to medical applications as AM processes, bioadaptive materials, and medical imaging technologies develop, and the benefits of the techniques gain wider knowledge among clinicians. This article gives an overview of the main requirements for medical imaging affected by needs of AM, as well as provides a brief literature review from existing clinical cases concentrating especially on the kind of radiology they required. As an example application, a pair of CT images of the facial skull base was turned into 3D models in order to illustrate the significance of suitable imaging parameters. Additionally, the model was printed into a preoperative medical model with a popular AM device. Successful clinical cases of AM are recognized to rely heavily on efficient collaboration between various disciplines – notably operating surgeons, radiologists, and engineers. The single main requirement separating tangible model creation from traditional imaging objectives such as diagnostics and preoperative planning is the increased need for anatomical accuracy in all three spatial dimensions, but depending on the application, other specific requirements may be present as well. This article essentially intends to narrow the potential communication gap between radiologists and engineers who work with projects involving AM by showcasing the overlap between the two disciplines.

32. Experimentation, Prototyping, Intervention [1963]

  • Lasswell, Harold D.
  • Section 5 / Experimentation, Prototyping, Intervention [notes] / Lasswell, Harold D.

33. Below Allergen research group [1963]

  • 大島
  • Japanese Journal of Allergology. 1963 12(5/6):224-224

34. How Long Does It Take to Introduce New Products? [1965]

  • Twedt, Dik Warren
  • Journal of Marketing. Jan1965, Vol. 29 Issue 1, p71-72. 2p. 1 Diagram.
Subjects
Advertising, New product development, Marketing management, Consumption (Economics), Marketplaces, Marketing research, Competition, Marketing executives, Rapid prototyping, Product management, Marketing personnel, and Marketing strategy
Abstract
The article presents an editorial focusing on marketing questions relating to the introduction of new products. The author believes that in the past, there was little product choice. In the 1960s however, variety has brought up new questions for marketing personnel, namely when to enter a new product into the marketplace. He thinks that an evaluation period of about two and a half years is needed to truly get a good idea of how well a product might do in the grocery marketplace.

35. USE OF THE TIME-SHARING COMPUTER IN BUSINESS PLANNING AND BUDGETING. [1966]

  • Raymond, R. C.
  • Management Science; Apr1966, Vol. 12 Issue 8, pB-363-B-381, 19p
Subjects
TIME-sharing computer systems, BUSINESS forecasting, CASE method (Teaching), BUSINESS planning, BUSINESS budgeting, COMPUTER systems, RAPID prototyping, BUDGET, ELECTRONIC data processing, TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, and INNOVATION adoption
Abstract
The time-sharing computer system now being operated in Phoenix by the Computer Department offers any Company executive willing to spend a few days learning to use the system an entirely new capability to explore and prepare business forecasts. The system does the arithmetic and prints the results in the privacy of the user's office in a few minutes. The planner can explore a range of assumptions and estimates impossible to handle by manual methods and difficult and time-consuming by more traditional computer methods. With the system, the planner can state his basic data and assumptions, observe the results, and then modify any of the assumptions he chooses and get new results within a few minutes. By following this procedure several times it is possible to explore the effects of a variety of environmental assumptions, such as market and price structure for a new product, and to find out what budget of costs for the new product must be realized to yield acceptable business results. This procedure, which requires many days of the time of several individuals by manual methods, can be completed in most eases by one man in less than one day, including the initial programming. An example from a recent new business study is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

36. PHASEPLOT: An On-Line Graphical Display Technique [1967]

  • Dertouzos, Michael L.
  • IEEE Transactions on Electronic Computers IEEE Trans. Electron. Comput. Electronic Computers, IEEE Transactions on. EC-16(2):203-209 Apr, 1967

37. A NEW PRODUCT ANALYSIS AND DECISION MODEL. [1968]

  • Urban, Glen L.
  • Management Science; Apr1968, Vol. 14 Issue 8, pB-490-B-517, 28p
Subjects
NEW product development, PRODUCT management, ECONOMIC demand, DECISION making, RAPID prototyping, MATHEMATICAL models, LIFE cycle costing, RATE of return, NONLINEAR functional analysis, DYNAMIC programming, MATHEMATICAL programming, and QUANTITATIVE research
Abstract
The decision to add, or to reject, or to investigate more fully a new product proposal is one of the most important problems faced by businessmen. The factors surrounding the decision can be mathematically considered by four sub-models in the areas of demand, cost, profit, and uncertainty. The demand model is structured to consider life cycle, industry, competitive and product interdependency effects, and will admit non-linear and discontinuous functions. A cost minimization model is joined to the demand model to formulate a constrained profit maximization problem. The optimization is accomplished by the use of dynamic programming. The final decision is based on the businessman's criterion in combining uncertainty and the rate of return on investment. A practical application of the model is presented to demonstrate the usefulness and problems of a quantitative approach to new product decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

38. CRITIQUE OF: "A NEW PRODUCT ANALYSIS AND DECISION MODEL" [1968]

  • Lipstein, Benjamin
  • Management Science; Apr1968, Vol. 14 Issue 8, pB-518-B-519, 2p
Subjects
NEW product development, COMMERCIAL products, MATHEMATICAL analysis, MATHEMATICAL models, DECISION making, PRODUCT management, SEQUENTIAL analysis, DECISION theory, HEURISTIC programming, MATHEMATICAL programming, FUNCTIONAL analysis, and RAPID prototyping
Abstract
The article features the author's comments on the research paper "A New Product Analysis and Decision Model." The author acknowledges the important applications of the paper for sequential decision theory in the field of management science, but expresses concern as to generalizations made in the text. It is suggested that the demand function component of the mathematical analysis discussed in the paper. The author proposes that the functional analysis overlooks some main difficulties associated with the featured decision making variables. The industrial product development process is discussed. A heuristic programming approach is also examined.

39. The Early Diffusion of Color Television Receivers into a Fringe Area Market. [1968]

  • Gorman III, Walter P. and Moore, Charles T.
  • Journal of Retailing. Fall68, Vol. 44 Issue 3, p46-56. 11p.
Subjects
Commercial products, Rapid prototyping, Product management, Systems theory, Diffusion, Color television, Separation (Technology), and Social systems
Abstract
This article focuses on a study which examined the effect of diffusion theory in the marketing of color television in the United States. The high rate of new product failures in the United States and the consequent loss of economic resources have been attributed to a lack of knowledge about the socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics of prospective purchasers of new products. Sociologists have established through replicated empirical research a synthesized theory describing the penetration of new agricultural producer goods such as hybrid seed corn and mechanical harvesting equipment into the farm sector. Diffusion theory has a broad historical base in anthropology and sociology. In anthropology, the diffusion of innovistic ideas across ethnic boundaries is one of the basic concepts used to explain man's cultural progress in acquiring the ideas and tools which have advanced civilization. In sociology which examines the group behavior of contemporary man, the emphasis has been on the identification of individuals responsible for spreading innovistic ideas into social systems. In the study which investigated the acceptance process of a durable consumer product, relative time group dassifications had to be modified to include product life-.cycle divisions. The rate studies deal with the relative time of acceptance of social systems members and the effects of an innovation on its rate of acceptance.

40. Product Planning at Perkins Engines Group. [1968]

  • Kraushar, C.A.A.
  • Long Range Planning. Dec68, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p15-18. 4p.

41. THE INNOVATIVE FIRM. [1968]

  • Ansoff, H. Igor
  • Long Range Planning. Dec68, Vol. 1 Issue 2, p26-27. 2p.

42. Aircraft Weapon Release Systems and Intervalometer Study. [1969]

Abstract
The intent of this effort was to analyze and study the intervalometers utilized in a number of present and future aircraft systems to ascertain if there were problem areas, and if so, determine what future efforts should be made to advance the state-of-the-art. As the study advanced it became increasingly evident that the weapon release intervalometer has merged into, and become an integral part of the weapon release sysem and has lost the 'black box' concept and taken on a system 'function' concept. Therefore, the scope of this study was enlarged to include, where necessary, the total weapon release system concept. It was determined from the study that the existing and near-future aircraft weapon release systems are sophisticated and efficient and that any effort to improve the techniques that are utilized would be futile at this time. Future Air Force efforts should be concentrated toward designing, building, and prototyping solid-state weapon release systems utilizing modern-day components and techniques which will interface with present and future aircraft systems to provide many desired capabilities. (Author)

43. This title is not available for guests. Log in to see the title and access the article.

44. This title is not available for guests. Log in to see the title and access the article.

45. Prototyping tool for Web-based multiuser online role-playing game

46. Choosing optimal rapid manufacturing process for thin-walled products using expert algorithm [1970]

Abstract
Choosing right Rapid Prototyping technology is not easy, especially for companies inexperienced with that group of manufacturing techniques. Paper summarizes research focused on creating an algorithm for expert system, helping to choose optimal process and determine its parameters for thin-walled products rapid manufacturing. Research was based upon trial manufacturing of different thin-walled items using various RP technologies. Products were categorized, each category was defined by a set of requirements. Basing on research outcome, main algorithm has been created. Next step was developing detailed algorithms for optimizing particular methods. Implementation of these algorithms brings huge benefit for recipients, including cost reduction, supply time decrease and improvements in information flow.

47. Fast prototyping of computing-oriented fuzzy logic systems [1970]

Abstract
In this paper we propose to explore different dedicated hardware solutions in terms of area-speed trade-offs for computing-oriented fuzzy logic systems in the algorithmic abstraction level that fulfil the application requirements applying high level synthesis techniques. The main benefits of this proposal are the capability of selecting the best implementation for any application not being tied down to a predefined architecture, the use of the required number of hardware units and the reduction of the design cycle time. The results obtained in the control of a maximum power point of a photovoltaic plant are presented as an example.

48. Interactive prototyping methodology for a domain-dependent user interface [1970]

  • Jones, P. H. and Popken, D. A.
Abstract
n/a

49. Some aspects regarding the concept “Research for Business” [1970]

Abstract
Paper presents some aspects regarding the scientific research in universities or research institutes oriented to fundamental or practical aspects. It is known that a researcher must publish his work, but the problems are: publish as single or multiauthors, in ISI or domestic journals, in international proceedings conference having ISBN, to protect the new information as IP national or international organization. The permanent process of research for business, its compulsory steps, the role of innovation and business incubators, are as supporting elements for SME’s growth. Beside the facilities offered to SMEs, other benefits come from creating a business incubator, such as: developing innovative products, product design, prototyping, technological transfer and nevertheless, registration and exploitation of intellectual property rights, coming from the obtained products of research. In order to be even more practical, we chose an example of a functional business incubator, ITA Pro-Energ, and showed the facilities that it offers to its incubated SMEs, as well as their improvement on market position.

50. Towards Specifying with Inclusions [1970]

Abstract
In this article we present a functional specification language based on inclusions between set expressions. Instead of computing with data individuals we deal with their classification into sets. The specification of functions and relations by means of inclusions can be considered as a generalization of the conventional algebraic specification by means of equations. The main aim of this generalization is to facilitate the incremental refinement of specifications. Furthermore, inclusional specifications admit a natural visual syntax which can also be used to visualize the reasoning process. We show that reasoning with inclusions is well captured by bi-rewriting, a rewriting technique introduced by Levy and Agustí [15]. However, there are still key problems to be solved in order to have executable inclusional specifications, necessary for rapid prototyping purposes. The article mainly points to the potentialities and difficulties of specifying with inclusions.

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results

Guides

Course- and topic-based guides to collections, tools, and services.
Search ""Prototyping"" in all guide pages