articles+ search results

ENTREPRENEURSHIP, BUSINESSPEOPLE, SOCIALISM -- China, ECONOMIC conditions in China, and ORGANIZATIONAL legitimacy

This article, the product of several years of extensive fieldwork, seeks to reinvigorate the debate on China's private entrepreneurs by arguing that they have become a "strategic group" within the Chinese polity. While they do not openly challenge the current regime, they continuously alter the power balance within the current regime coalition, which connects them to the party-state at all administrative levels. As the future of Chinese socialism depends on the sound development of the private-sector economy and, therefore, on the promotion of private entrepreneurship, it can be expected that entrepreneurial influence within the regime coalition will rise, with inevitable consequences for regime legitimacy and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SOCIALISM, IDEOLOGY, and ECONOMIC conditions in China

The article discusses the speech delivered by Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Central Committee general secretary, state president and Central Military Commission chairman Xi Jingping at the National Publicity and Ideological Work Conference in Beijing, China on May 19-20, 2013 regarding central work of the CCP. Topics include emphasis on economic construction initiated at the Third Pleanary Session of CCP's Eleventh Central Committee and advancement of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

CHINA -- Politics & government, ECONOMIC conditions in China, SOCIALISM -- China, and DEMOCRATIC centralism

The new Chinese leadership promised to deliver a 'Chinese Dream' with the rejuvenation and the prosperity of the Chinese nation and the happiness of the people as China's development goals. While articulating the necessity of the further reform and opening-up, they also put an emphasis on the adherence to a 'socialist way of Chinese characteristics' in that the party leadership is regarded as its imperative. For the 'Chinese Dream' to be realized, a set of values were proclaimed, including prosperity, democracy, civility, harmony, freedom, equality, justice, rule of law, patriotism, dedication, integrity and friendship. Beside the existing institutions such as the system of democratic centralism, the CCP-led multi-party cooperation and system of people's congresses, a set of new institutions were proclaimed as well, including a brand new 'socialist' system of rule of law and modern state governance system. This paper provides updated information and analysis of these newly proclaimed values and institutions, which serve an important new foundation for China to gain high economic efficiency, sustainable productivity, and escape from a 'middle-income trap', and support the endeavor to realize the 'Chinese Dream'. However, its realization depends on whether the new leadership can successfully enforce a competitive market order and the rule of law in the years to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HISTORY of economic development, CAPITALISM -- China, MODERNIZATION (Social science), SOCIALISM -- China -- History, MARXIST philosophy, ECONOMIC conditions in China, CHINA -- Politics & government, HISTORY, ECONOMICS, and HISTORY of capitalism

Due to its late start and the impact of outside influences, modernization in China has always been inseparably tied to capitalism. During the early stages of modernization, the primary issue was how feudal forces could identify with and accept capitalism; in later stages, the question has been how socialism can exploit capitalism. The manner in which the relationship with capitalism has been handled has had a great impact on the path that China's modernization has taken. It was correct to emulate the Western model as China first set out on the course of modernization; however, at that time, China was not equipped to accept capitalism. The failed application of the Western model does not demonstrate that learning from the West was incorrect; and China's shift from the Western model to the Soviet model does not signify that severing ties with capitalism was a necessary choice. The reason why the Soviet model led to setbacks was because the relationship with capitalism was not correctly handled. China's modernization is irrevocably linked to capitalism, but this does not signify that the capitalist path is the only option. It was historically inevitable that China would follow the socialist path in pursuing modernization, yet it is also necessary for China to learn how to exploit capitalism in the course of its socialist modernization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SPATIAL mismatch hypothesis, LOW-income housing, UNEMPLOYMENT, HOUSING market, SOCIALISM -- China, and ECONOMIC conditions in China

This article verifies the hypothesis that a spatial mismatch between jobs and housing exists in two typical low-income housing neighbourhoods, Tangxia and Tongde, in Guangzhou city, where surveys were undertaken. The research shows that the types of residents in Tangxia and Tongde have changed significantly during the past few years. Housing types transferred comprise subsidised rental housing, commercial housing and private lease housing. At the same time, the jobs–housing mismatch among residents in subsidised rental and commercial houses has become striking. The mechanisms responsible for the mismatch vary from a passive process for residents in subsidised rental housing to an active process for those in commercial housing. In comparison, private lease housing residents do not experience a jobs–housing mismatch. This result shows that, with the interaction of the legacy of the socialist land and housing market with the new market-orientated system, government still plays an important role in housing supply. This is especially so for low-income families, who face a ‘passive’ jobs–housing relocation and mismatch, while the market-orientated parts of the system play an active role in people’s job–housing relocation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

POLITICAL parties -- China, CAPITALISM, ECONOMIC policy, SOCIALISM -- China, ECONOMIC development, ECONOMIC models, and ECONOMIC conditions in China

In the process of 90 years, the CPC' s theoretical pattern has undergone four great transformations, namely the change from "world pattern" to "Chinese pattern", the turn from "revolutionary pattern" to "constructional pattern", the leap from "planned economy pattern" to "market economy pattern", the shift from "extensive model of economic growth and its theoretical pattern" to "intensive model of economic development and its theoretical pattern". It is the above historic transformations and leaps that make a great contribution to the founding and development of the socialist theory system with Chinese characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ECONOMIC conditions in China, DECENTRALIZATION in government, LOCAL finance, GINI coefficient, SOCIALISM -- China, and HISTORY

The article discusses a study which investigates the development of China's financial system in the reform period and modifications in the nature of local-central fiscal relations. The study analyzes the changing patterns in local financial inequalities at multiple geographic changes using the Theil index and the Gini coefficient. It says that after 30 years of evolution, China's fiscal system is more decentralized compared to the former socialist system in the late 1970s.

SOCIALISM -- China, CHINA -- Politics & government, ECONOMIC conditions in China, SOCIALISM & culture, and POLITICAL culture

In CPC's 17th National Congress report, a new and accurate summary is given to socialism with Chinese characteristics. The starting point for building socialism with Chinese characteristics is the preliminary stage of socialism, and the external conditions are the present situation and the changes of international situation. The distinct characteristics in building socialism with Chinese characteristics lie in China's economy, politics and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PRIVATIZATION, RURAL industries, PUBLIC-private sector cooperation, SOCIALISM -- China, GOVERNMENT ownership, and ECONOMIC conditions in China

By comparing "manipulated" privatization in Wuxi and relatively "transparent" privatization in Wenzhou, this paper analyzes the politics of privatization in Chinese rural industry. It argues that power relations between government and people, and elite relations between leaders and managers, determine who was included and who was excluded in the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International cooperation, State capitalism, Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009, China -- Foreign relations, Economic conditions in China, and Socialism -- China

The issue of the article is the concerns and opportunities arising at the present stage of European Union (EU) and China cooperation. Modern relations are viewed in the historical context of European-Chinese ties and as a part of global economic system. The present scope of EU-China relations is reviewed and organizational framework is described. Benefits and concerns of EU-China cooperation are connected with compatibility and changing states of their economies, dynamics of foreign trade and investments. Sharing the understanding of EU-China ties as partnership and competition mix, author analyses competition issues in bilateral and multilateral aspects. Modern China's economy is viewed as a result of century period transition, which started with attempts of capitalist transformation and modernization, was continued as socialist transformation under Mao Zedong, and since Deng Xiaoping reforms entered the period of "reverse" transformation into state capitalism. The interaction of elements within China's modern social system and its controversies are outlined. New current opportunities and threats arising after 2008 global financial crisis are described; the focus is given to strategic directions of EU-China cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]