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Electronics, Electronique, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Surfaces et interfaces; couches minces et trichites (structure et propriétés non électroniques), Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties), Interfaces solide-fluide, Solid-fluid interfaces, Mouillage, Wetting, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Science des matériaux, Materials science, Traitements de surface, Surface treatments, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electronique, Electronics, Electronique des semiconducteurs. Microélectronique. Optoélectronique. Dispositifs à l'état solide, Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices, Fabrication microélectronique (technologie des matériaux et des surfaces), Microelectronic fabrication (materials and surfaces technology), Metaux. Metallurgie, Metals. Metallurgy, Transformation de matériaux métalliques, Production techniques, Surface treatment, Mécanique fluide, Fluid mechanics, Mecánica flúido, Hydromechanik, Circuit intégré, Integrated circuit, Circuito integrado, Integrierte Schaltung, Dépôt plasma, Plasma deposition, Depósito plasma, Empilement, Stacking, Apilamiento, Encrassement, Fouling, Enmugrecimiento, Epaisseur, Thickness, Espesor, Dicke, Etherethercétone polymère, Polyetheretherketone, Eter éter cetona polímero, Fabrication microélectronique, Microelectronic fabrication, Fabricación microeléctrica, Formation motif, Patterning, Formacíon motivo, Gravure plasma, Plasma etching, Grabado plasma, Haute résolution, High resolution, Alta resolucion, Hydrocarbure fluoré, Fluorocarbon, Hidrocarburo fluorado, Hydrophilie, Hydrophily, Hidrofilia, Hydrophobicité, Hydrophobicity, Hidrofobicidad, Lithographie, Lithography, Litografía, Microfluidique, Microfluidics, Microfluidic, Mode empilement, Stacking sequence, Modo apilamiento, Mouillage, Wetting, Remojo, Méthacrylate de méthyle polymère, Methyl methacrylate polymer, Metacrilato de metilo polímero, Oxygène, Oxygen, Oxígeno, Sauerstoff, Photolithographie, Photolithography, Fotolitografía, Photorésist, Photoresist, Fotorresistencia, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Oberflaecheneigenschaft, Réseau (arrangement), Array, Red, Résist, Resist, Resistencia, Silicium, Silicon, Silicio, Système sur puce, System on a chip, Sistema sobre pastilla, Technologie planaire, Planar technology, Tecnología planar, Traitement par plasma, Plasma assisted processing, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Oberflaechenbehandlung, 4785N, 8116N, 8116R, 8540H, Cancer cell patterning, Fibrosarcoma cancer cell line HT1080, Plasma nanotexturing, Selective cell attachment, cell repelling, Superhydrophobic, antifouling surfaces, and Thick resist patterning

We propose a planar technology for fabrication and surface modification of disposable, polymeric, microfluidic devices, and show applications in cell patterning. By planar technology we mean lithography directly on a polymeric plate followed by plasma etching of the plate. In this context, we developed lithographic processes directly on the polymeric substrate, employing easily strippable photoresists, for which stripping is performed without attacking the polymeric substrate. We then applied oxygen plasma etching to transfer the pattern and chemically modify the polymeric substrates, followed by optional fluorocarbon plasma deposition through stencil masks, producing microfluidic channels with desired geometrical and wetting characteristics. We tested various organic photoresists such as AZ 15nXT, AZ 9260, maP-1275, a silicon containing resist Ormocomp® on an organic strippable underlayer (LOR@), as well as metal masks in order achieve high resolution (1-4 μm), plasma etch resistance, and stripability for photoresists with thickness of ~5-20 μm (for details see Supporting information). We selected the Ormocomp® stack as the best candidate to define microfluidics with plasma etching onto PMMA, PEEK and COP substrates containing hydrophilic and superhydrophobic areas. We demonstrate significantly increased cell attachment on the plasma treated PMMA areas compared to untreated ones, and highly selective cell attachment (on-off) onto hydrophilic versus the superhydrophobic areas using a particular cell line. Such control of cell attachment and growth on plasma nanotextured surfaces can be applied to creation of microdevices aiming to cell patterning, cell isolation, as well as cell arrays.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Acier non allié, Carbon steels, Adhérence, Adhesion, Dépôt conversion, Conversion coating, Depósito conversión, Fer, Iron, Microscopie force atomique, Atomic force microscopy, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Métal transition, Transition elements, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Zirconium, Fe, Zr, AFM, Cathodic disbonding, EIS, FE-SEM, and Zirconium conversion coating

The effect of zirconium-based surface treatment on the cathodic disbonding resistance and adhesion performance of an epoxy coated mild steel substrate was investigated. The obtained data from pull-off, cathodic disbonding test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicated that the zirconium conversion layer significantly improved the adhesion strength and cathodic disbonding resistance of the epoxy coating. This may be attributed to formation of some polar zirconium compounds on the surface and increment of surface roughness, that were evident in the results of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Europium, Lanthanide, Rare earths, Luminescence, Nanoparticule, Nanoparticles, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Eu, Dibenzoylmethane, Europium fluoride, Phenanthroline, and Surface modification

Reaction between Eu(NO3)3 and NH4F in aqueous media was applied to produce EuF3 doughnut-like aggregates with a diameter of 200-500 nm and thickness of 50-150 nm composed of nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 16 nm. The impregnation, sorption and mechanochemical treatment were used for surface modification of EuF3 doughnut-like particles with 1,10-phenanthroline and sodium dibenzoylmethanate which are sensitizing ligands for Eu3+ luminescence. The data of transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and luminescence spectroscopy have proved that the organic ligands are coordinated to surface Eu3+ ions, forming surface complexes. The surface modification of the EuF3 nanoparticles with sodium dibenzoylmethanate and 1,10-phenanthroline leads to increase in the luminescence intensity at 612 nm (5D0 → 7F2 transition) in comparison with the luminescence intensity of the unmodified EuF3 nanoparticles. Energy transfer from the ligand to Eu3+ ion in the surface complexes makes a main contribution to this effect.

Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Surfaces et interfaces; couches minces et trichites (structure et propriétés non électroniques), Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties), Structure et morphologie de couches minces, Thin film structure and morphology, Structure et morphologie; épaisseur, Structure and morphology; thickness, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Science des matériaux, Materials science, Méthodes de dépôt de films et de revêtements; croissance de films et épitaxie, Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy, Théorie et modèles de la croissance de films, Theory and models of film growth, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electronique, Electronics, Appareillage électronique et fabrication. Composants passifs, circuits imprimés, connectique, Electronic equipment and fabrication. Passive components, printed wiring boards, connectics, Alcool, Alcohols, Alumine, Alumina, Boehmite, Boehmita, Capacité électrique, Capacitance, Condensateur, Capacitors, Couche barrière, Barrier layer, Couche mince, Thin films, Cristallisation, Crystallization, Diffraction RX, XRD, Ethane-«1,2»-diol, Ethylene glycol, Mesure capacité électrique, Capacitance measurement, Morphologie surface, Surface morphology, Mécanisme croissance, Growth mechanism, Mecanismo crecimiento, Propriété diélectrique, Dielectric properties, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, 6855A, 6855J, 8115A, 8432T, Al2O3, Substrat Aluminium, Anodic alumina, Dielectric, and Surface treatment

Hydrous films were grown on high purity and cubicity Al foils for electrolytic capacitors in deionized water, ethylene glycol-deionized water and glycerol-deionized water at different immersion times. According to X-ray diffraction patterns the hydration treatment allowed growing a pseudo boehmite layer on Al surface whose morphology is appreciably affected by the bath composition. Capacitance measurements and photoelectrochemical findings suggest that a more compact barrier layer forms during the immersion in alcohol containing solutions. The hydration in water allowed saving energy and preparing more blocking oxide films. The beneficial effect of hydration in hot water on the specific capacitance was evidenced only for films formed at 300 V due to the crystallization of amorphous alumina in γ'-Al2O3.

Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Structure des liquides et des solides; cristallographie, Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography, Nanomatériaux : agrégats, nanoparticules, nanotubes et nanocristaux, Nanoscale materials: clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals, Surfaces et interfaces; couches minces et trichites (structure et propriétés non électroniques), Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties), Structures de basse dimensionnalité (superréseaux, puits quantiques, multicouches): structure et propriétés non électroniques, Low-dimensional structures (superlattices, quantum well structures, multilayers): structure, and nonelectronic properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Science des matériaux, Materials science, Nanomatériaux et nanostructures : fabrication et caractèrisation, Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization, Matériaux nanocristallins, Nanocrystalline materials, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electrotechnique. Electroenergetique, Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering, Electroénergétique, Electrical power engineering, Conversion directe et accumulation d'énergie, Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation, Conversion électrochimique: piles et accumulateurs électrochimiques, piles à combustibles, Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells, Article synthèse, Review, Artículo síntesis, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Catalyseur sur support, Supported catalyst, Catalizador sobre soporte, Composition surface, Surface composition, Cristallinité, Crystallinity, Cristalinidad, Electrode carbone, Carbon electrode, Electrodo carbono, Electrode poreuse, Porous electrode, Electrodo poroso, Encapsulation, Encapsulación, Fonctionnalisation, Functionalization, Funciónalización, Graphitation, Graphitizing, Grafitización, Matériau nanoporeux, Nanoporous materials, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanomatériau, Nanostructured materials, Nanoparticule, Nanoparticle, Nanopartícula, Nanoporosité, Nanoporosity, Nanoporosidad, Nanostructure, Nanoestructura, Pile combustible, Fuel cell, Pila combustión, Porosité, Porosity, Porosidad, Structure cristalline, Crystalline structure, Estructura cristalina, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Support catalyseur, Catalyst support, Soporte catalizador, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Transformation phase, Phase transformation, Transformación fase, 8107B, Graphitization, Heteroatom, Nanoporous carbon, and Surface modification

The ideal catalyst support toward development of high-performance electrodes for fuel cells should possess advantageous structural and chemical features concerning accessibility to framework surfaces and electrochemical stability of conducting frameworks. In order to satisfy these requirements for the design of fuel cells by using nanoporous carbon electrodes, a great deal of efforts has been devoted to the functionalization of nanoporous carbon electrodes. In this review, the recent developments of nanoporous carbon materials synthesis are summarized with introduction of their potentials in fuel cells. The focuses are placed on precise controls of porosity, crystallinity, and morphology, combined with the designs of surface structure, framework composition, and encapsulation of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. Finally, some perspectives are provided for future developments and directions of the synthesis and functionalization of nanoporous carbon materials for fuel cell design.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Condensateur, Capacitors, Etat liquide, Liquid state, Estado líquido, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Capacitor, Electrochemical analysis, Ionic liquids, Reduced graphene oxide, and Surface modification

In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/ionic liquids (IL) composites with different weight ratios of IL to rGO were synthesized by a simple method. In these composites, IL contributed to the exfoliation of rGO sheets and to the improvement of the electrochemical properties of the resulting composites by enhancing the ion diffusion and charge transport. The structure of the composites was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The TEM images showed that IL was coated on the surface of rGO in a translucent manner. The electrochemical analysis of the prepared composites was carried out by performing cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge―discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Among the prepared composites, the one with a weight ratio of rGO to IL of 1:7 showed the highest specific capacitance of 147.5 F g―1 at a scan rate of 10 mV s―1. In addition, the rate capability and cycle performance of the composites were enhanced compared to pristine rGO. These enhanced properties make the composites suitable as electrode materials for the better performance supercapacitors.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Adhérence, Adhesion, Mouillabilité, Wettability, Structure polymère, Polymer structure, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Bio-inspired adhesives, Gecko, Hydrophilic, Microfibrillar structures, and Surface treatment

The effects of altering the polymer surface characteristics on adhesion qualities of bio-inspired fibrillar adhesives were found to be significant. Treatment of fibril tip surfaces in polymer fibrillar adhesives improved their wettability and adhesion capacity. Surface modifications of fibril tips involved UV/Ozone and oxygen plasma treatments for making the fibril tips more hydrophilic. These surface treatment effects, however, tend to degrade over time (rendering hydrophobic recovery). The stability of treated (hydrophilic) surfaces was improved, while retaining their wettability, through coating with a polyelectrolyte such as polyethyleneimine (PEI) via self-assembly.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Effet physique rayonnement, Physical radiation effects, Faisceau électron, Electron beams, Microstructure, Rugosité, Roughness, Surface contact, Contact surface, Superficie contacto, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Continuous electron beam process, Irradiation, Surface contact angle, and Surface roughness

The finishing process is an important component of the quality-control procedure for final products in manufacturing applications. In this study, we evaluated the performance of continuous electron-beam process as the final process for finishing SM20C (steel alloy), SUS303 (stainless steel alloy), and A16061 (aluminum alloy) surfaces both on the initially smooth and rough surfaces. Surface modification of the metals was carried out by varying the feed and frequency of the continuous electron-beam irradiation procedure. The resulting surface roughness was examined with respect to the initial surface roughness of the metals. SM20C and SUS303 experienced an improvement in surface roughness, particularly for initially rough surfaces. Continuous electron-beam process produced craters during the process and the effect of this phenomenon on the resulting surface roughness was relatively large with the initially smooth SM20C and SUS303 alloy surfaces. For A16061, the continuous electron-beam process was effective at improving its surface roughness even with the initially smooth surface under the optimized conditions of process; this was attributed to its low melting point. Scanning electron microscopy was used to identify metallurgical variation within the thin melted and re-solidification layers of the tested alloys. Changes in the surface contact angle and hardness before and after electron-beam irradiation were also examined.

Chemistry, Chimie, Energy, Énergie, Chemical industry parachemical industry, Industrie chimique et parachimique, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Physics, Physique, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Structure des liquides et des solides; cristallographie, Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography, Effets physiques d'irradiation, défauts d'irradiation, Physical radiation effects, radiation damage, Rayonnement γ, γ ray effects, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Science des matériaux, Materials science, Matériaux particuliers, Specific materials, Fullerènes et matériaux apparentés; diamants, graphite, Fullerenes and related materials; diamonds, graphite, Traitements de surface, Surface treatments, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Physicochimie de surface, Surface physical chemistry, Matériaux adsorbants, Adsorbents, Charbon actif, Activated carbon, Irradiation gamma, Gamma irradiation, Irradiación gama, Modification, Modifications, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, and 8105U

Four commercial activated carbons with different chemical and textural characteristics were modified by gamma irradiation under five different conditions: irradiated in absence of water, in presence of ultrapure water, in ultrapure water at pH = 1.0 and 1000 mg L -1 Cl , in ultrapure water at pH = 7.5 and 1000 mg L 1 Br , and in ultrapure water at pH= 12.5 and 1000 mg L 1 NO3 . Changes in surface chemistry were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; pH of point of zero charge, total acidic groups and total basic groups, which were determined by assessment with HCl and NaOH; and textural changes were determined by obtaining the corresponding adsorption isotherms of N2 and CO2, Outcomes show that the activated carbon surface chemistry can be modified by gamma irradiation and that the changes depend on the irradiation conditions. Modifications in the sp2 hybridization of the surface carbons suggest that the irradiated carbons undergo graphitization. Measurements of structural parameters indicate that the irradiation treatment does not modify the textural properties of the carbons. Finally, studies of pristine and irradiated activated carbons using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with the Kubelka-Munk function revealed a reduction in band gap energy in the irradiated carbons associated with an increase in sp2 hybridization of the carbon atoms.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Aluminium, Laser pulsé, Pulsed lasers, Microdureté, Microhardness, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Spectre photoélectron RX, X-ray photoelectron spectra, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Al, Laser texturing, SEM, Surface modifications, Thermal spraying, and XPS

Laser cleaning technology provides a safe, environmentally friendly and very cost effective way to improve cleaning and surface preparation of metallic materials. Compared with efficient cleaning processes, it can avoid the disadvantages of ductile materials prepared by conventional technologies (cracks induced by sand-blasting for example) and treat only some selected areas (due to the optical fibers). By this way, laser technology could have several advantages and expand the range of thermal spraying. Moreover, new generations of lasers (fiber laser, disc laser) allow the development of new methods. Besides a significant bulk reduction, no maintenance, low operating cost, laser fibers can introduce alternative treatments. Combining a short-pulse laser with a scanner allows new applications in terms of surface preparation. By multiplying impacts using scanning laser, it is possible to shape the substrate surface to improve the coating adhesion as well as the mechanical behaviour. In addition, during the interactions of the laser beam with metallic surfaces, several modifications can be induced and particularly thermal effects. Indeed, under ambient conditions, a limited oxidation of the clean surface can occur. This phenomenon has been investigated in detail for silicon but few works have been reported concerning metallic materials. This paper aims at studying the surface modifications induced on aluminium alloy substrates after laser texturing. After morphological observations (SEM), a deeper surface analysis will be performed using XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) measures and microhardness testing.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Composé de lanthanide, Rare earth compounds, Composé minéral, Inorganic compounds, Lithium, Oxyde de cérium, Cerium oxide, Cerio óxido, Spinelles, Spinels, Synthèse hydrothermale, Hydrothermal synthesis, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Ce O, CeO2, Li, CeO2-coated, Lithium adsorption, Ultrasonic treatment, and λ-MnO2 ion-sieve

Spinel X-MnO2 ion-sieves are promising materials because of their high selectivity toward lithium ions, and this can be applied to the recovery of lithium from spent lithium ion batteries. However, manganese dissolution loss during the delithiation of LiMn2O4 causes a decrease in adsorption capacity and poor cycling stability for these ion-sieves. To improve the lithium adsorption properties of λ-MnO2 ion-sieves, surface modification with a CeO2 coating was studied using hydrothermal-heterogeneous nucleation. The structure, morphology and composition of the synthesized materials were determined by XRD, SEM, TEM and EDS. The effect of hydrothermal synthesis conditions and the amount of CeO2 coating on the adsorption performance of λ-MnO2 were also investigated. A 0.5 wt.%CeO2-coated ion-sieve was synthesized by heating at 120 °C for 3 h and it had better adsorption properties than the bare samples. The effect of ultrasonic treatment on the lithium extraction ratio from LiMn2O4 upon acid treatment at various temperatures was studied and the results were compared with conventional mechanical stirring. We found that ultrasonic treatment at lower temperature gave almost the same maximum lithium extraction ratio and was more efficient and economic.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Energie surface, Surface energy, Facteur réflexion, Reflectivity, Mouillage, Wetting, Ozone, Spectre IR, Infrared spectra, Spectre photoélectron RX, X-ray photoelectron spectra, Spectre transformée Fourier, Fourier transform spectra, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Transformation Fourier, Fourier transformation, Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (AT-FTIR), Dielectric barrier discharge, Surface modification, UV-ozone, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and μPlasma printing

In this study, we investigated the effect of UV-ozone and μPlasma printing on surface modification of polycarbonate (PC) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). The effects on the wetting behaviour was studied, in terms of surface energy and chemical modification of the treated substrate, by analysis of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Both UV-ozone and μPlasma printing are effective ways to modify the wettability of both polymer substrates, substantially increasing the wetting envelope after a short treatment period. This increase is primarily due to an increase of the polar part of the surface energy. This is confirmed by ATR-FTIR and XPS, which show the formation of oxygen containing groups as well as a decrease in the aromatic C—C bonds on the surface of the substrate due to the treatment. For both types of surface treatment, prolonged exposure showed no further increase in wettability, although continuous change in chemical composition of the surface was measured. This effect is more evident for UV-ozone treatment, as a larger increase in O/C ratio of the surface was measured as compared to μPlasma printing. It can be concluded that μPlasma printing results in a more chemically selective modification as compared to UV-ozone. In the case that chemical selectivity and treatment time are considered important, μPlasma printing is favourable over UV-ozone.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Hyperfréquence, Microwave radiation, Métal transition, Transition elements, Titane, Titanium, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Ti, Epoxy resin, Microwave-assisted ball milling, Surface modification, and Titanium hydride

Surface modification of titanium hydride with epoxy resin was carried out via microwave-assisted ball milling and the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermo-gravimetry (TG) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). A sedimentation test was performed to investigate the compatibility of the modified nano titanium hydride with the epoxy resin. The results show that the epoxy resin molecules were grafted on the surface of nano titanium hydride particles during the microwave-assisted ball milling process, which led to the improvement of compatibility between the nanoparticles and epoxy resin. According to the FT-IR, the grafting site was likely to be located around the epoxy group due to the fact that the epoxy ring was opened. However, compared with microwave-assisted ball milling, the conventional ball milling could not realize the surface modification, indicating that the coupling effect of mechanical force and microwave played a key role during the process.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Hélium, Helium, Métal transition, Transition elements, Nanostructure, Nanostructures, Titane, Titanium, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, He, Ti, Helium plasma, and Plasma surface modification

Helium plasma irradiation to metals could be a potential novel surface modification method in nanoscale. In this study, systematic helium plasma irradiations to titanium were conducted in low ion energy (<100 eV) and high fluence (>1025 m-2) regime. From the surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, various types of morphology changes, i.e. nanocone, pinhole, porous structure, and rough surfaces, were identified. The experimental conditions that control the various morphology changes are revealed from the aspect of the incident ion energy and the surface temperature. Based on the observations, it is thought that helium bubble growth, surface diffusion, and physical sputtering played important roles for the morphology change.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Fluoration, Fluorination, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Alkali absorption ratio, Direct fluorination, Polypropylene, and Separator

Improvement in hydrophilicity of polypropylene (PP) separator and its stability is essential for enhancing the comprehensive performance of battery. In this study, the PP separators were surface modified by direct fluorination with F2/N2 and F2/O2/N2 gas atmosphere. The alkali absorption ratios (AARs) of these two kinds of fluorinated separators are 302.7% and 418.4%, respectively, which is about nine and twelve times than that of the virgin PP separator. At the same time, the AARs of the fluorinated separators stored for 90 days at ambient temperature in air environment still remain. The surface energy of PP separators is increased from 37.8 mN/m to 47.7 mN/m and 48.9 mN/m determined by contact angle measurement after direct fluorination. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) results indicate that polar groups, such as—C=O(OH) and —C—Fx, are introduced into the polymeric structures of the two fluorinated separator surfaces. Larger quantity of polar groups, especially —C=O(OH), are introduced on separator surface by the F2/O2/N2 modified route, which results in the difference of the AARs and behavior of alkali absorption. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrates that the size and shape of micropores of PP separators remain almost unchanged after direct fluorination.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Agent surface, Surfactants, Polymérisation, Polymerization, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Amphiphilicity, Hemocompatibility, Photografting polymerization, Polypropylene nonwoven fabrics (PPNWF), and Sugar-based surfactant

Amphiphilic N-alkyl-1-amino-1-deoxy-D-glucitol (CnAG, n = 8, 12) were successfully prepared. Polypropylene nonwoven fabrics (PPNWF) were grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) via a technique of UV-induced graft polymerization combined with plasma pre-treatment, and then PPNWF-g-GMA was used for the covalent immobilization of CnAG, The surface graft polymerization was confirmed by ATR-FTIR and XPS, respectively. Effect of grafting parameters, e.g., acetone content, monomer concentration and UV irradiation time on the grafting density of GMA was investigated. And the hemocompatibility of the modified PPNWF was evaluated by protein adsorption and platelet adhesion. It was founded that the CnAG-modified substrates greatly suppressed protein adsorption and platelet adhesion compared with the native and pGMA-grafted PPNWF. .

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Jet plasma, Plasma jets, Masse moléculaire, Molecular weight, Mouillabilité, Wettability, Polymère, Polymers, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Atmospheric pressure plasma jet, Dielectric barrier discharge, Low molecular weight oxidized material, and Polymer surface modification

In this work we report the surface modification of different engineering polymers, such as, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). It was operated with Ar gas using 10 kV, 37 kHz, sine wave as an excitation source. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal treatment conditions and also to compare the polymer surface modification induced by plasma jet with the one obtained by another atmospheric pressure plasma source -the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). The samples were exposed to the plasma jet effluent using a scanning procedure, which allowed achieving a uniform surface modification. The wettability assessments of all polymers reveal that the treatment leads to reduction of more than 40° in the water contact angle (WCA). Changes in surface composition and chemical bonding were analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) that both detected incorporation of oxygen-related functional groups. Surface morphology of polymer samples was investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and an increase of polymer roughness after the APPJ treatment was found. The plasma-treated polymers exhibited hydrophobic recovery expressed in reduction of the O-content of the surface upon rinsing with water. This process was caused by the dissolution of low molecular weight oxidized materials (LMWOMs) formed on the surface as a result of the plasma exposure.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Composé de métal de transition, Transition element compounds, Composé minéral, Inorganic compounds, Nanostructure, Nanostructures, Semiconducteur, Semiconductor materials, Sulfure de zinc, Zinc sulfide, Zinc sulfuro, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, S Zn, ZnS, Defect, and Femtosecond laser pulses

The surface modification of nanostructured crystalline ZnS by near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses was investigated. A large area nano-grating array was formed on a ZnS surface, with the period and orientation of the nano-gratings depending on the laser wavelength and polarisation direction of the electric field of the light wave, respectively. The nanostructured ZnS surface exhibited the same crystal structure as the polycrystalline ZnS substrate. The photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of ZnS samples were observed to be different before and after laser irradiation when an excitation wavelength above the band-gap energy of ZnS was used. Two additional luminescence peaks were observed to appear in PL spectrum of nanostructured ZnS relative to that of crystalline ZnS. Then, for an excitation wavelength below the band-gap energy, the PL peaks were almost coincident for the two aforementioned ZnS samples; however, the fluorescence lifetime of the nanostructured ZnS sample (2.33 ns) was notably shorter than that of the ZnS crystal sample (10.87 ns).

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Copolymère, Copolymers, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Hemocompatibility, Poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), Poly (styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) (SEBS) copolymer, Protein adsorption, and QCM-D

Protein adsorption is a dynamic process and plays a major role in determining the hemocompatibility of biomaterials. We have obtained different poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) graft concentrations of SEBS-g-PEG and the surface chemical compositions are confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Graft concentration is defined by peak-area ratio of [C-O]/[C] on modified SEBS surface. With increasing graft concentration, water contact angles of the modified SEBS have significantly decreased. The platelet adhesion and static protein adsorption demonstrate that the hemocompatibility of copolymers films are improved effectively and SEBS-g-PEG-2 with larger graft concentration has more superior anticoagulation than that of SEBS-g-PEG-1. Moreover, we have quantitatively investigated the adsorption process of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fibrinogen (Fib) on the surfaces of pristine SEBS and modified SEBS using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) in real time. The results indicate that the inactivated BSA on the pristine SEBS can continuously induce the subsequent Fib adsorption. The hemocompatibility of SEBS-g-PEG-2 with the graft concentration of 0.207 has excellent anti-protein property and the bio-inert BSA layer on the film can resist the subsequent Fib adsorption.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Crystallography, Cristallographie cristallogenèse, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjects, Nanotechnologies, nanostructures, nanoobjets, Condensed state physics, Physique de l'état condensé, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Etat condense: structure, proprietes mecaniques et thermiques, Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties, Etat condense: structure electronique, proprietes electriques, magnetiques et optiques, Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties, Domaines interdisciplinaires: science des materiaux; rheologie, Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology, Croissance film, Film growth, Dépôt chimique phase vapeur, CVD, Polymérisation, Polymerization, Traitement surface, Surface treatments, Acrylic acid, Atmospheric pressure plasma enhanced, Cellulose-based substrates, Hydrophilic character, Poly(acrylic acid) films, and chemical vapor deposition

Surface chemical modification of cellulose-based substrates has been carried out by atmospheric pressure plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (AP-PECVD) of acrylic acid. The structure/properties relationship of the samples was studied as a function of the plasma experimental conditions. Acrylic acid monomer/helium ratio and treatment speed clearly influences the wettability properties of the paper substrate: advancing contact angle values were reduced to the half if compare to non-treated paper. Surface morphology of the films did not greatly vary at short polymerization times but fibers were covered by a poly(acrylic acid) film at longer times. FTIR and XPS techniques allowed detecting the retention of carboxylic acid groups/moieties. The possibility to quickly design architectures with tunable carboxylic functions by modifying the plasma processing parameters is shown.