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INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics), MUNICIPAL water supply, TECHNOLOGY transfer, WATER reuse, BERLIN (Germany) -- Buildings, structures, etc., and BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945

This article takes an historical perspective on current attempts to ‘open up’ established, centralized systems of urban infrastructure to alternative technologies designed to minimize resource use and environmental pollution. The process of introducing alternative technologies into, or alongside, centralized urban infrastructures is not a novel phenomenon, as is often assumed. The physical and institutional entrenchment of large technical systems for urban energy, water or sanitation services in industrialized countries in the late 19th and early 20th centuries did not close the door completely on alternatives. I investigate a number of alternative technologies used in Berlin in the interwar period (1920–1939), in order to reveal the rationales developed around each technology and the ways in which each emerged, disappeared and re-emerged or survived across highly diverse political regimes. The selection of cases is guided by the desire to illustrate three different phenomena of alternative technology diffusion (and exclusion) experienced in Berlin: (1) technologies promoted by early pioneers and discarded by their successors (waste-to-energy), (2) technologies modifying traditional practices that were at odds with modernized systems (wastewater reuse for agriculture) and (3) technologies co-existing alongside the dominant centralized system throughout the 20th century (cogeneration). The empirical findings are interpreted with reference to their contribution to scholarship on urban socio-technical transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

POLITICAL violence, WEIMAR government, 1918-1933, NATIONAL socialism, WEIMAR Republic, 1918-1933, COMMUNISM, NAZIS -- History, BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945, TWENTIETH century, HISTORY, and HISTORY of communism

Copyright of Historia y Politica: Ideas, Procesos y Movimientos Sociales is the property of Departamento De Historia del Pensamiento y de los Moviemientos Sociales y Politicos (Madrid) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

CHURCH & state in Nazi Germany, CHURCH building design & construction, CHURCH buildings -- Germany, PROTESTANTISM, NATIONAL socialism, PATRIOTISM, BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945, NAZI Germany, 1933-1945, NAZI Germany, 1933-1945 -- Religion, and TWENTIETH century

The article discusses the relationship between church and state during the early stages of the German Third Reich. It examines church-building in Germany during that period, particularly the Berlin, Germany, Martin Luther Memorial Church. The article discusses assumptions concerning Nazi hostility toward Christianity, attempts by then-German Nazi leader Adolf Hitler to recruit German Protestantism as a partner of the Nazi program, and the construction and exterior and interior design of the Martin Luther Memorial Church. The article also discusses how the church became a symbol of Protestantism, German patriotism, and National Socialism. The article also discusses the significance of parish pastor Franz Karl Hermann Rieger.

JEWISH theater, BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945, GERMAN Jews, JEWS -- Eastern Europe, TWENTIETH century, and HISTORY

Am 28. April 1928 begann die Gastspielreise des Moskauer jiddischen Theaters GOSET in Berlin mit »200.000«, einer jiddischen Bühnenadaption von Shalom Aleichems Dos Groyse Gevin, die von Berliner Kritikern hochgelobt wurde. 1929 kam Habima zum dritten Mal nach Berlin und war beim lokalen Publikum bereits renommiert. Habimas Repertoire bestand unter anderem aus »Der Schatz«, einer hebräischen Adaption von Shalom Aleichems Di Gold Greber. In Gegensatz zu den Reaktionen auf Habimas vorherige Aufführungen wurde dieses Stück mit Empörung aufgenommen. Dieser Artikel bespricht die polarisierte Rezeption dieser beiden Shalom Aleichem Theateraufführungen in Berlin und untersucht, wie die Spannung zwischen der jiddischen und der hebräischen Shalom Aleichems Aufführung den die deutsch-jüdische Identität betreffenden Diskurs animierte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

POLITICAL party organization, POLITICAL movements -- History, WEIMAR government, 1918-1933, GRASSROOTS movements, POLITICAL parties -- Germany, BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945, TWENTIETH century, and HISTORY

What made it possible for the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) to evolve from a fragmented political sect to a movement with an unprecedented potential for political mobilisation by the early 1930s? Based on the Nazi movement in Berlin, this article seeks to explore a new approach to the growth of the NSDAP which synthesises organisational refinement and a new look on Nazi propaganda prior to 1933. Through the creation of cells in residential areas and the workplace, by educating and training party cadres and through the insistence on Kleinarbeit as an alternative to mass propaganda, these developments interacted with each other, and were an attempt to project Nazism as an ideology and a political movement into spaces that had previously been closed to it. Both developments should be considered as bottom-up mobilisations of the party's grass-roots and were the results of a conscious, long-term strategy that aimed to bring about a radical transformation of German society. Together they helped transform the Nazi movement into a flexible mass movement with the ability to mould an inchoate and diverse group of sympathisers into an integrated body of committed and skilled activists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FINANCIAL crises, GERMANY -- Economic conditions -- 1918-1945, BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945, CAPITALISM, CONSUMERISM, URBAN life, and DEMOCRACY -- Germany

The article examines the impact of economic crisis on the nature of urban consumer culture and capitalism through a case study of interwar Berlin, Germany. The author argues that such a focus is necessary because too many studies of capitalism focus on its operation during times of economic stability. Topics addressed include the impact of hardship on German democracy, Weimar officials' understanding of the cityscape in relation to national politics, and public space.

HISTORY of diplomacy, FRANCE -- Foreign relations -- Germany, FRENCH diplomatic & consular service, EMBASSY buildings -- Germany, BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945, WEIMAR government, 1918-1933, TWENTIETH century, and HISTORY

Copyright of Relations Internationales is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anti-Nazi movement -- Germany, Archives -- Germany, Nazi persecution, World War II, World War II -- Exhibitions, World War II -- Germany, World War II -- Historiography, German history, Berlin (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945, and Education

The article deals with the commemoration of central institutions of Nazi terror located in Berlin. The following issues are considered: history of the place, controversies over the creation of a documentation centre and a permanent exposition presenting Nazi institutions, persecution of the German opposition and the brutal occupation policy in European countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ILLUSTRATORS, PHOTOGRAPHERS, SOCIAL classes, WORKING class, ARTISTS, and BERLIN (Germany) -- History -- 1918-1945

This article examines the character of German illustrator and photographer Heinrich Zille's published representations of life in Berlin, Germany, particularly during the pre-war years. Zille's popularity has made the occasion of his funeral in Berlin in 1929 the point of violent public dispute over his artistic legacy between the socialist town council and the community party. The subjects of Zille's illustrations are said to almost exclusively drawn from working class people and the life of the poorest districts in Berlin. The article also offers information on Zille which can help explain his choice of subjects.