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3. Community Composition, Abundance, and Phenology of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Soybean in the North Central Region of the United States. [2019]

  • Pezzini, Daniela T, DiFonzo, Christina D, Finke, Deborah L, Hunt, Thomas E, Knodel, Janet J, Krupke, Christian H, McCornack, Brian, Michel, Andrew P, Philips, Christopher R, Varenhorst, Adam J, Wright, Robert J, and Koch, Robert L
  • Journal of Economic Entomology; Aug2019, Vol. 112 Issue 4, p1722-1731, 10p
Subjects
PLANT phenology, STINKBUGS, SOYBEAN farming, SOYBEAN diseases & pests, and HEMIPTERA
Abstract
Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are an increasing threat to soybean (Fabales: Fabaceae) production in the North Central Region of the United States, which accounts for 80% of the country's total soybean production. Characterization of the stink bug community is essential for development of management programs for these pests. However, the composition of the stink bug community in the region is not well defined. This study aimed to address this gap with a 2-yr, 9-state survey. Specifically, we characterized the relative abundance, richness, and diversity of taxa in this community, and assessed phenological differences in abundance of herbivorous and predatory stink bugs. Overall, the stink bug community was dominated by Euschistus spp. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Chinavia hilaris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Euschistus variolarius (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), C. hilaris and Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were more abundant in the northwestern, southeastern and eastern parts, respectively, of the North Central Region of the United States. Economically significant infestations of herbivorous species occurred in fields in southern parts of the region. Species richness differed across states, while diversity was the same across the region. Herbivorous and predatory species were more abundant during later soybean growth stages. Our results represent the first regional characterization of the stink bug community in soybean fields and will be fundamental for the development of state- and region-specific management programs for these pests in the North Central Region of the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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5. New record of Trissolcus solocis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitising Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the United States of America [2019]

  • Balusu, Rammohan R, Cottrell, Ted E, Talamas, Elijah J, Toews, Michael D, Blaauw, Brett R, Sial, Ashfaq A, Buntin, David G, Vinson, Edgar L, Fadamiro, Henry Y, and Tillman, Glynn P
  • Biodiversity Data Journal, Vol 7, Iss, Pp 1-6 (2019)
    Biodiversity Data Journal
    Biodiversity Data Journal 7 e30124
Subjects
Invertebrata, Prionosoma, Pentatomidae, Scelionidae, Epipygidae, Cappaeini, Nephrozoa, Boltonocostidae, Trissolcus, Pterygota, Animalia, Americas, Platygastroidea, Taxonomic Paper, Agricultural ecology, Biodiversity & Conservation, Agricultural economics, North America, Pentatomoidea, Pentatomomorpha, Eumetabola, Ecdysozoa, Insecta, Cephalornis, Protostomia, Circumscriptional names, Coelenterata, Agriculture and Forestry, Pentamyrmexini, Arthropoda, Halyomorpha halys, Systematics, Diseases & Pests, Carbotriplurida, Basal, Dismegistus, Hemiptera, QH301-705.5, Hymenoptera, Notchia, Bilateria, Paraneoptera, Condylognatha, Circumscriptional name, Lentireduvius, Circumscriptional names of the taxon under, and Biology (General)
Abstract
Background A parasitoid wasp, Trissolcus solocis Johnson, was recorded parasitising eggs of the invasive stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål), in the United States. This is the first record of this species parasitising eggs of H. halys. New information First record of Trissolcus solocis parasitising Halyomorpha halys eggs in the United States and first record of T. solocis in Alabama.

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7. Identification, Biology, Impacts, and Management of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) of Soybean and Corn in the Midwestern United States. [2017]

  • Koch, Robert L., Pezzini, Daniela T., Michel, Andrew P., and Hunt, Thomas E.
  • Journal of Integrated Pest Management; 2017, Vol. 8 Issue 1, p1-14, 14p
Subjects
BROWN marmorated stink bug, PODISUS, and INSECT pest control
Abstract
Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) are an emerging threat to soybean and corn production in the midwestern United States. An invasive species, the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is spreading through the region. However, little is known about the complex of stink bug species associated with corn and soybean in the midwestern United States. In this region, particularly in the more northern states, stink bugs have historically caused only infrequent impacts to these crops. To prepare growers and agricultural professionals to contend with this new threat, we provide a review of stink bugs associated with soybean and corn in the midwestern United States. Descriptions and images of common stink bug species are provided as a diagnostic aid. The biologies and impacts of stink bugs to crops are discussed, with particular attention to differences among species. Based primarily on information from southern states, scouting, thresholds, and insecticide-based management of these pests are discussed. It is hoped that this review will provide stakeholders sufficient information for management of these pests, until more region-specific research can be performed on stink bugs in soybean and corn in the midwestern United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

8. Comparison of Two Sampling Methods for Assessing Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Numbers in Soybean Fields. [2016]

  • Aigner, B. L., Herbert, D. A., Dively, G. P., Venugopal, D., Whalen, J., Cissel, B., Kuhar, T. P., Brewster, C. C., Hogue, J. W., and Seymore, E.
  • Journal of Economic Entomology; Dec2016, Vol. 109 Issue 6, p2586-2589, 4p
Subjects
SOYBEAN diseases & pests, BROWN marmorated stink bug, and STINKBUGS
Abstract
Sampling soybean fields for the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), can be challenging. Both adults and nymphs have a "startle response" and drop to the ground with even the slightest disturbance. This behavior could reduce the effectiveness of the traditional sweep net and ground cloth sampling methods. In 2013 and 2014, in Virginia, Delaware, and Maryland, we evaluated a visual plant inspection method that consisted of counting the number of brown marmorated stink bug nymphs and adults seen on soybean plants in a 2-min inspection period while walking carefully between two rows. After a 30-min interval, which allowed the stink bugs to reposition in the canopy, the area was resampled using 15 sweeps with a 38-cm-diameter sweep net. In total, 76 soybean fields and 2,042 paired comparisons were used to determine a strong linear relationship between sampling methods (y = 0.984x + 0.4359, R2 = 0.6934, where y = brown marmorated stink bugs/2-min visual count and x = brown marmorated stink bugs/15 sweeps). An average visual count of 5.4 brown marmorated stink bugs in 2 min was estimated as being equivalent to the current economic threshold of 5 stink bugs per 15 sweeps. Visual inspection appears to be an effective method for assessing brown marmorated stink bug populations in soybeans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

9. Etude de la performance d'un parasitoïde oophage Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Mercet) (Hymenoptera : Encyrtidae) pour lutter contre des ravageurs d'un écosystème méditerranéen [2019]

  • Tunca, H., Venard, M., Colombel, EA., and Tabone, E.
  • Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, Vol 23, Iss 3, Pp 153-159 (2019)
Subjects
Nezara viridula, Halyomorpha halys, Philosamia ricini, rearing, substitute host, biocontrol, Ooencyrtus pityocampae, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Environmental sciences, and GE1-350
Abstract
Study of the performance of an oophagous parasitoid Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Mercet) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) to fight against Mediterranean ecosystem pests. Description of the subject. As part of a biocontrol program of the pine processionary, Thaumetopoea pityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller, the use of indigenous parasitoids to fight against this pest was studied in the UEFM Biocontrol Laboratory at INRA PACA. Objectives. Firstly, a focus was placed on the rearing of indigenous parasitoids, in order to be able to test them at different experimental scales. More specifically, the species Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Mercet) was studied. Method. Thaumetopoea pityocampa is allergenic; so, several substitute hosts were compared in order to rear pine processionary parasitoids: Philosamia ricini (Danovan), Nezara viridula (L.) and Halymorpha halys (Stål). Biological characteristics and descendants' fitness were compared in laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 75 ± 5% HR, 16L: 8D). Results. Philosamia ricini was found to be the best host among these three substitute hosts because it gave the best productivity and the best parasitoid quality. Conclusions. This study will help us to consider possibilities for the use of this parasitoid for the biological control of Mediterranean pests.

10. Effects of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Feeding Injury on Sweet Corn Yield and Quality. [2015]

  • CISSEL, WILLIAM J., MASON, CHARLES E., WHALEN, JOANNE, HOUGH-GOLDSTEIN, JUDITH, and HOOKS, CERRUTI R. R.
  • Journal of Economic Entomology; Jun2015, Vol. 108 Issue 3, p1065-1071, 7p
Subjects
SWEET corn, STINKBUGS, PEST control, POPULATION density, and CORN
Abstract
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is an Asian species that now dominates the stink bug complex in many cultivated crops throughout the mid-Atlantic United States. Sweet corn (Zea mays L.) is a preferred host of H. halys, and the bug can cause kernel injury on developing ears. Currently, there is limited information available on which plant growth stages are most sensitive to H. halys feeding or density of bugs required to cause yield and quality reductions on processing and fresh market sweet corn ears. In 2011 and 2012, sweet corn ears were infested at three different corn growth stages: silking (R1), blister (R2), and milk (R3) at densities of zero, one, three, and five H. halys adults per ear for 7d. At harvest, four yield measurements were assessed and ears were inspected for quality reductions. The greatest yield loss from H. halys occurred when infestations were initiated during early stages of ear development, and the greatest quality reductions (damaged kernels) occurred during later stages of ear development. A density of one H. halys per ear resulted in levels of kernel damage great enough to cause significant quality reductions. This study highlights the ability of H. halys to cause sub-stantial economic losses in both fresh market and processing sweet corn in a relatively short period of time at low population densities. Therefore, infestations by this insect in sweet corn must be considered when making pest management decisions in regions where it has become established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

11. Community Composition, Abundance, and Phenology of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Soybean in the North Central Region of the United States [2020]

  • Pezzini, Daniela T., DiFonzo, Christina D., Finke, Deborah L., Hunt, Thomas E., Knodel, Janet J., Krupke, Christian H., McCornack, Brian, Michel, Andrew P., Philips, Christopher R., Varenhorst, Adam J., Wright, Robert J., and Koch, Robert L.
  • Journal of Economic Entomology 112(4):1722-1731. 2020

12. Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Attraction to Various Light Stimuli. [2017]

  • Cambridge, John E., Francoeur, Laurie, and Hamilton, George C.
  • Florida Entomologist. Sep2017, Vol. 100 Issue 3, p583-588. 6p.
Subjects
HEMIPTERA, STINKBUGS, INSECT behavior, BROWN marmorated stink bug, and INSECT traps
Abstract
Light trapping is a common method for monitoring and capturing insects such as the invasive agricultural pest, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Efforts to develop more effective trapping methods for H. halys have led to research investigating the response of this insect to potentially exploitable stimuli. A behavioral study was conducted to examine the response of H. halys to various light stimuli. Seven intensities (0 [control: dark], 0.1, 10, 50, 75, 100, and 155 lx) of white light were tested. The most attractive intensity for H. halys was 75 lx for adult males and females. Nymphal instars 2 to 5, adult males, and adult females were also exposed to 75 lx white light. Adult males were significantly more attracted to the light than any other life stage. Adults were also exposed to green, orange, red, white, and yellow light. All colors tested were attractive to H. halys. White light was significantly more attractive than the other tested colors. The findings of this study suggest that the incorporation of a white light into H. halys traps may increase the number captured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

13. Identification of biogenic volatile organic compounds for improved border biosecurity

  • Nixon, Laura
Subjects
Halyomorpha halys, Pentatomidae, (E)-2-decenal, 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal, border biosecurity, invasive invertebrates, brown marmorated stink bug, detection, volatile organic compounds, tridecane, dodecane, gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), and risk management
Abstract
Effective border biosecurity is a high priority in New Zealand. A fragile and unique natural ecosystem combined with multiple crop systems, which contribute substantially to the New Zealand economy, make it essential to prevent the establishment of invasive pests. Trade globalisation and increasing tourism have facilitated human-assisted movement of invasive invertebrates, creating a need to improve pest detection in import pathways and at the border. The following works explore a potential new biosecurity inspection and monitoring concept, whereby unwanted, invasive insects may be detected by the biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) they release within contained spaces, such a ship containers. The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål, is an agricultural and urban pest that has become widely established as an invasive species of major concern in the USA and across Europe. This species forms large aggregations when entering diapause, and it is often these aggregations that are found by officials conducting inspections of internationally shipped freight. Stink bug species are known to emit defensive odours, making H. halys a suitable candidate as model species for this study. Undisturbed aggregations of diapausing H. halys were found to emit tridecane and (E)-2-decenal. Mechanical agitation of diapausing H. halys was used to induce emissions of defensive odours, and the full VOC profile was confirmed through GC-MS analysis as: tridecane (41.7 ± 11.8 µg per bug), (E)-2-decenal (18.2 ± 4.2 µg), 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal (15.8 ± 6.3 µg), and dodecane (1.5 ± 0.6 µg). Testing the role of conspecific bugs on VOC release, it was found that H. halys required the presence of another bug as well as mechanical agitation to elicit a defensive odour response. From this, the effect of conspecific defence compounds were individually tested on single H. halys. One component, 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal, was found to cause individual bugs to both move further distances after exposure, and also release their own defensive odour. Thus, the agitation of aggregations, as it might occur during freight shipping, could facilitate an amplification effect for release of odours; were one bug to emit defensive VOCs in an aggregation, more would be likely to emit. This may increase the likelihood of detection of these VOCs within an enclosed space such as shipping containers. Experiments were performed to simulate the effects of two variables introduced by the act of shipping, ship movement and journey temperature fluctuations, upon aggregations of diapausing H. halys. Aggregations exposed to simulated shipping movement, using a 6-axis VS-6577G-B Denso robot arm, were not found to be any more likely to release VOCs than aggregations which remained stationary, nor did it cause any bugs to become mobile. Simulated temperature changes as they would be experienced during a voyage over 26 days from a port in the north-east USA to New Zealand were found to have a significant effect on the mobility of H. halys. However, towards the end of the simulated voyage, most H. halys died, probably from a lack of food or moisture in the shipping scenario. The high mortality observed in these aggregations prompted the collection of headspace samples from dead H. halys over the same time period and experiencing the same temperatures. This revealed that dead and decaying H. halys release the full VOC profile of tridecane, (E)-2-decenal, 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal, and dodecane over three weeks, although in smaller quantities than when actively releasing defensive odours. Theoretical calculations showed that the GC-MS analytical method combined with active sampling volatile collection traps was not sensitive enough to detect volatiles released by aggregations of living, dead, or combined H. halys within a 20 foot (38,000 l) shipping container. However, there are more sensitive technologies available which can detect VOCs to the parts per trillion level, which would be capable of detecting the expected VOCs concentrations associated with the presence of H. halys in shipping containers.

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17. Impact of Organic Insecticides on the Survivorship and Mobility of Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Laboratory [2014]

  • Lee, Doo-Hyung, Short, Brent D., Nielsen, Anne L., and Leskey, Tracy C.
  • Florida Entomologist 97(2):414-421. 2014

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19. Using IPM-CPR as a Management Program for Apple Orchards [2020]

  • Akotsen-Mensah, C., Blaauw, B., Short, B., Leskey, T. C., Bergh, J. C., Polk, D., and Nielsen, A. L.
  • Journal of Economic Entomology 113(4):1894-1902. 2020

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