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Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Domaines d'application, Application fields, Adhésif, Adhesive, Adhesivo, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Azide, Organic azide, Azida orgánica, Caoutchouc thermoplastique, Thermoplastic rubber, Caucho termoplástico, Cuir, Leather, Cuero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Propriété chimique, Chemical properties, Propiedad química, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Résistance eau, Waterproofness, Impermeabilidad agua, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Traitement chimique, Chemical treatment, Tratamiento químico, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Uréthanne élastomère, Polyurethane elastomer, Uretano elastómero, Surface primers, and Waterproof testing

This article presents further work undertaken in respect to the use of specific primers for adhesion on leather surfaces. This research focused on the use of photoreactive reagents and silane networks as primers and investigated their roles in seam strength and resistance against water ingress. A specific waterproof test was undertaken on treated samples in accordance with EN ISO 5403:2002. Samples treated with 4-(2,2'-iminodiethanol)-3-nitrophenylazide (azide 4) when primed only on one side of the test panel showed good resistance to water ingress. Samples treated with 3,5-dihydroxyphenyl-4-azidobenzoate (azide 7) or 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltriethoxysilane (AEAPES) on both sides of the test panels resulted in a seam that did not fail. However, double side treatment with these reagents generated a thicker glue line than single side treatment, which might present practical problems in terms of the flexibility of the resultant assembly during its life cycle.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Appareillage et mise en oeuvre, Machinery and processing, Matières plastiques, Plastics, Revêtement, métallisation, coloration, Coating, metallization, dyeing, Analyse quantitative surface, Quantitative surface analysis, Análisis cuantitativo superficie, Carbonate polymère, Polycarbonate, Carbonato polímero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Mouillabilité, Wettability, Remojabilidad, Nanodureté, Nanohardness, Nanodureza, Ozone, Ozono, Photooxydation, Photooxidation, Fotooxidación, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre structure, Structure processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha estructura, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Travail adhésion, Adhesion, Surface energy, and Ultraviolet

The effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the presence of ozone as a surface treatment for polycarbonate is examined in regards to changes in the wettability, adhesion, and surface mechanical properties. Standalone, 175-μm-thick films of a commercially available polycarbonate were exposed to UV radiation from sources of different power with various treatment times in the presence of supplemental ozone. Significant decreases in the water contact angle were observed after exposure to UV radiation in the presence of ozone. After several variations in the experimental setup, it was determined that the change in water contact angle is a function of the UV irradiance and the work of adhesion follows a master curve versus UV irradiance. Nanoindentation experiments revealed that the modulus of the top 500 nm of the surface is increased following UV exposure, attributable to surface cross-linking. Adhesion tests to the surface (conducted by a pneumatic adhesion tensile test instrument) showed little change as a function of UV exposure. Analysis of adhesion test failure surfaces with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) showed the locus of bond failure lay within the bulk polycarbonate and the measured bond strength is limited by the bulk properties of the polycarbonate and/or the creation of a weak boundary layer within the polymer.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Produits de revêtement. Peintures, vernis et encres, Coatings. Paints, varnishes and inks, Utilisations, Uses, Acrylique dérivé polymère, Acrylic polymer, Acrilico derivado polímero, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Ethylène haute densité polymère, High density ethylene polymer, Etileno alta densidad polímero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre bois, Wood fiber, Fibra madera, Fibre naturelle, Natural fiber, Fibra natural, Fibre végétale, Plant fiber, Fibra vegetal, Flamme, Flame, Llama, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé fibre, Fiber reinforced material, Material reforzado fibra, Matériau revêtu, Coated material, Material revestido, Mouillabilité, Wettability, Remojabilidad, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Peinture eau, Water base paint, Pintura agua, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Propène polymère, Propylene polymer, Propeno polímero, Rayonnement UV, Ultraviolet radiation, Radiación ultravioleta, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Rugosité, Roughness, Rugosidad, Traitement chimique, Chemical treatment, Tratamiento químico, Traitement par plasma, Plasma assisted processing, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Adhesion, Oxidation, Surface activation, Surface roughness, and Wood plastic composites

Four surface activation methods were evaluated on a series of wood-fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (WPCs) as a means to improve the adhesion of a water-based acrylic coating. Treatments with chromic acid and oxygen plasma performed best, increasing the acrylic coating peel load to WPCs by 170 and 122%, respectively, and yielding adhesion levels equivalent to or higher than those obtained on wood. The benzophenone/ultraviolet and flame treatments also improved the coating adhesion by 100 and 64%, respectively, but did not reach the adhesion levels achieved on wood. For both the chromic acid and oxygen plasma treatments, the WPC formulation impacted the treatment efficacy. Profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the chromic acid treatment acted mainly by roughening WPC surfaces. While surface oxidation was not evident from attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the improved wettability of WPCs with water suggested that the oxygen plasma treatment oxidized WPCs.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Feuilles et films, Sheets and films, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Aluminium, Aluminio, Caoutchouc EPDM, EPDM rubber, Caucho EPDM, Dépôt plasma, Plasma deposition, Depósito plasma, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Maléimide dérivé polymère, Maleimide derivative polymer, Maleimida derivado polímero, Maléique anhydride polymère, Maleic anhydride polymer, Maleico anhídrido polímero, Matériau revêtement, Coating material, Material revestimiento, Modification chimique, Chemical modification, Modificación química, Polymérisation décharge électrique, Glow discharge polymerization, Polimerización descarga eléctrica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Renforcement mécanique, Strengthening, Refuerzo mecánico, Terpolymère, Terpolymer, Terpolímero, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Vulcanisat, Vulcanizate, Vulcanizado, Vulcanisation, Vulcanization, Vulcanización, Adhesion, Crosslinking, Elastomers, Interfaces, and Plasma polymerisation

High interfacial strengths of elastomer to metal joints imply the formation of covalent bonds at the interface. It is proposed to deposit a plasma polymer coating containing double bonds on an aluminium substrate for the formation of crosslinks between the elastomer and the coating during peroxide crosslinking of the elastomer. Ethylene-co-propylene-co-diene terpolymer (EPDM) is considered here. Maleic anhydride is polymerised and reacted with allylamine to lead to an amide functionalised plasma polymer which is heated to produce imide functional groups. Plasma polymer coated aluminium /EPDM joints were evaluated by a peel test and the locus of failure was identified by several techniques: SEM, infrared spectroscopy, wettability, and XPS.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences medicales, Medical sciences, Chirurgie (generalites). Transplantations, greffes d'organes et de tissus. Pathologie des greffons, Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases, Technologie. Biomatériaux. Equipements, Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments, Acide nitrique, Nitric acid, Nítrico ácido, Adhésif, Adhesive, Adhesivo, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Application, Aplicación, Biomatériau, Biomaterial, Dentisterie restauratrice, Dental restoration, Restauración dental, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Méthacrylate de méthyle polymère, Methyl methacrylate polymer, Metacrilato de metilo polímero, Polymère réticulé, Crosslinked polymer, Polímero reticulado, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Rayonnement UV, Ultraviolet radiation, Radiación ultravioleta, Rugosité, Roughness, Rugosidad, Résistance flexion, Bending strength, Resistencia flexión, Résistance traction, Tensile strength, Resistencia tracción, Siloxane élastomère, Silicone elastomer, Siloxano elastómero, Traitement chimique, Chemical treatment, Tratamiento químico, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Composite dentaire, Résine dentaire, Flexural strength, Nitric acid treatment, Peel test, Poly (methyl methacrylate), Relining, Soft liner, and Ultraviolet irradiation

This study investigated adhesive forces and flexural strength of acrylic resin denture base relined with Molloplast-B soft lining material. To increase bonding between the two materials, the surface of the resin was modified with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation or nitric acid treatment. The peel strength greatly increased with nitric acid treatment because of the high polarity on the poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surface and the increase in the surface roughness, whereas low peel strength was seen with the UV treatment of the PMMA surface. Although both types of the surface pretreatment increased the flexural strength of PMMA-reline composites compared with the control and bulk PMMA groups, the increase in the UV-treated group was found to be higher than that of the nitric acid-treated group.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences medicales, Medical sciences, Chirurgie (generalites). Transplantations, greffes d'organes et de tissus. Pathologie des greffons, Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases, Technologie. Biomatériaux. Equipements, Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Application, Aplicación, Biomatériau, Biomaterial, Dentisterie restauratrice, Dental restoration, Restauración dental, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Méthacrylate de méthyle polymère, Methyl methacrylate polymer, Metacrilato de metilo polímero, Polymère réticulé, Crosslinked polymer, Polímero reticulado, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Relation mise en oeuvre structure, Structure processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha estructura, Résistance flexion, Bending strength, Resistencia flexión, Résistance traction, Tensile strength, Resistencia tracción, Siloxane élastomère, Silicone elastomer, Siloxano elastómero, Traitement par laser, Laser assisted processing, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Composite dentaire, Résine dentaire, Flexural strength, Infrared spectroscopy, Interfacial adhesion, Laser applications, Peel strength, Poly (methyl methacrylate), Silicon-based soft liner, and Tensile bond strength

The effects of different laser treatments on some mechanical properties of acrylic resin and soft liner were investigated. A total of 60 test specimens were fabricated according to test requirements. The specimens were roughened with Potassiumticanyl-Phosphate (KTP), Er:YAG, and Nd:YAG lasers before application of soft liner. The flexural, peel, and tensile bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectra of surfaces were also obtained to evaluate changes on the lased surfaces. No significant difference was apparent between the tensile bond strength values of the groups. Although peel strength values obtained for each of the laser types were lower than those of the control group, flexural strength values were higher than those of the control specimens. The spectra of specimens showed that lasing led to some chemical changes on the resin surfaces. Physical changes on the treated surfaces were visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Results of this study suggest that such treatments may be warranted because of the increase in flexural strength.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Action humidité, Humidity effect, Acción humedad, Adhésif, Adhesive, Adhesivo, Assemblage collé, Adhesive joint, Ensambladura pegada, Coefficient diffusion, Diffusion coefficient, Coeficiente difusión, Durabilité, Durability, Durabilidad, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre carbone, Carbon fiber, Fibra carbón, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé fibre, Fiber reinforced material, Material reforzado fibra, Résine phénolique, Phenolic resin, Resina fenólica, Siloxane copolymère, Siloxane copolymer, Siloxano copolímero, Spectrométrie RX dispersion énergie, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Espectrometría RX dispersión energía, Temps exposition, Exposure time, Tiempo exposición, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Vieillissement accéléré, Artificial ageing, Envejecimiento acelerado, Siloxane(méthyl phényl) copolymère, Adhesive/carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic resin composite joints, Diffusion coefficients, Dynamics, Elemental analysis, and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX) is an easy and exact method for determination of water diffusion coefficients and dynamics. Here we have calculated the water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in adhesive/carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic resin composite joints subjected to different surface treatments with both EDX and elemental analysis. The water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in the adhesive joints determined with EDX analysis are almost the same as those determined with elemental analysis. The durability of the adhesive joints with carbon fiber-reinforced phenolic resin composites subjected to silane coupling agent treatment is better than those subjected to sandpaper burnishing and chemical oxidation treatment.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Propriétés et essais, Properties and testing, Propriétés physiques, Physical properties, Propriétés de surface, Surface properties, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences medicales, Medical sciences, Chirurgie (generalites). Transplantations, greffes d'organes et de tissus. Pathologie des greffons, Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases, Technologie. Biomatériaux. Equipements, Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments, Adhésif, Adhesive, Adhesivo, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Biomatériau, Biomaterial, Dentisterie restauratrice, Dental restoration, Restauración dental, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Maléate copolymère, Maleate copolymer, Maleato copolímero, Maléique anhydride copolymère, Maleic anhydride copolymer, Maleico anhídrido copolímero, Maléique anhydride, Maleic anhydride, Maleico anhídrido, Méthacrylate de méthyle polymère, Methyl methacrylate polymer, Metacrilato de metilo polímero, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Résistance traction, Tensile strength, Resistencia tracción, Siloxane polymère, Siloxane polymer, Siloxano polímero, Styrène copolymère, Styrene copolymer, Estireno copolímero, Terpolymère, Terpolymer, Terpolímero, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Vinylique acétate copolymère, Vinyl acetate copolymer, Vinílico acetato copolímero, Vinylique ester copolymère, Vinyl ester copolymer, Vinílico ester copolímero, Résine dentaire, Infrared spectroscopy, Poly (methyl methacrylate), Silicone-based soft liner, Tensile bond strength, and Terpolymers

This study investigated the effectiveness of surface treatment of Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base resin on tensile bond strength between PMMA/ silicone-based soft liner. A total of 25 specimens were fabricated and assigned into five groups (n - 5). The surfaces of PMMA were treated with maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride-styrene-vinyl-acetate, n-butylmaleate-styrene-vinyl-acetate, or n-pentamaleate-styrene-vinyl-acetate prior to Primo adhesive primer application and silicone liner placement. The Primo adhesive primer on applied group untreated dentuse base resin served as control. The tensile test was performed using a universal testing machine. Fractured surfaces were observed under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopic interpretation of the interfaces was done by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Test results showed that surface treatment increased interfacial strength giving the highest value for n-butylmaleate-styrene-vinyl acetate treated group. SEM micrographs revealed that the specimens with n-butylmaleate-styrene-vinyl-acetate and n-penta maleate-styrene-vinylacetate terpolymers underwent cohesive failure. FTIR analysis indicated secondary interactions such as hydrogen bonding, possibly on acrylic resin surfaces, caused by the use of maleic anhydride and its terpolymers, and the adhesive.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences medicales, Medical sciences, Chirurgie (generalites). Transplantations, greffes d'organes et de tissus. Pathologie des greffons, Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases, Technologie. Biomatériaux. Equipements, Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments, Artiodactyla, Mammalia, Ungulata, Vertebrata, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Animal, Biocompatibilité, Biocompatibility, Biocompatibilidad, Biomatériau, Biomaterial, Chèvre, Goat, Cabra, Culture cellulaire, Cell culture, Cultivo celular, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Implant, Implante, In vitro, In vivo, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Mouillabilité, Wettability, Remojabilidad, Ostéoblaste, Osteoblast, Osteoblasto, Propriété biologique, Biological properties, Propiedad biológica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Titane alliage, Titanium alloy, Titanio aleación, Traitement par laser, Laser assisted processing, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Cell adhesivity, Cell spreading, Contact angle, Enzyme detachment, Nd:YAG laser, and Surface tension

The surface microtopography and physical-chemical results of Ti6Al4V alloy were investigated in relation to bone cell response. Nd:YAG-laser-treated surfaces with (1.06 μm wavelength, 200 μs pulse duration, and a fluence of 140Jcm-2 exhibited an improved hydrophilic behavior due to a lower contact angle compared with the control sample. Cell spreading on the implanted specimens was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and their condition in a specific area was studied for 10 cells from three separate regions on the same specimen using an Image J Program software. The in vitro the in vivo tests provided some useful clinical and pathological information such as the number of adhered cells on the implant. The light microscopy assessment consisted of a complete morphological description of tissue response to the implants with different surface topography.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Caoutchouc EPDM, EPDM rubber, Caucho EPDM, Etheruréthanne polymère, Etherurethane polymer, Eteruretano polímero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Isolant, Insulating material, Aislante, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Polymère fonctionnel, Functional polymer, Polímero funcional, Propergol solide, Solid propellant, Propergol sólido, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Tension superficielle, Surface tension, Tensión superficial, Traitement par plasma, Plasma assisted processing, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Vulcanisat, Vulcanizate, Vulcanizado, Adhesion, Diffusion, Peel strength, Rocket propellants, and Surface energy

Plasma treatment of EPDM-based rocket motor insulation materials may change the peel strength between these materials and polyurethane polymers by a factor of 0.1 to 10. The matching of surface energies seems to be important for this adhesion process. The surface tension of the components was measured to between 30 and 50mNm-1. The total surface energy of the insulation could be increased from 27.2m.Nm-1 to ca. 70mNm-1 by the plasma process. Maximum peel strength could be obtained by a treatment of less than 1 min, whereas in most cases longer times gave lower values. In some cases very long treatment also gave good strength, probably due to a rougher surface structure. The rate of cure of the polymer was important for the adhesion process as lower rates of cure correlated with higher peel strengths, which can be explained by diffusion of the polymer's components into the insulation.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Appareillage et mise en oeuvre, Machinery and processing, Matières plastiques, Plastics, Revêtement, métallisation, coloration, Coating, metallization, dyeing, Propriété interface, Interface properties, Propiedad interfase, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Dépôt électrostatique, Electrostatic deposition, Depósito electrostático, Ester polymère, Ester polymer, Ester polímero, Ethylène téréphtalate polymère, Ethylene terephthalate polymer, Etileno tereftalato polímero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Interface solide solide, Solid solid interface, Interfase sólido sólido, Matériau hybride, Hybrid material, Material híbrido, Matériau revêtu, Coated material, Material revestido, Microparticule, Microparticle, Micropartícula, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Silice, Silica, Sílice, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Uréthanne polymère, Polyurethane, Uretano polímero, Interface particule substrat, Rotation particule, Adhesion, Asperities, Fuller-Tabor, Nanoclusters, Particle, and Rotation

The time dependence of the detachment force of 7-μm ground polyester particles coated with silica nanoparticles from a ceramer-coated substrate was determined by ultracentrifugation. The detachment force of the particles from the substrate was found to increase with the time since the particle deposition. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that, following deposition, the particles rotate at approximately the same scale as the observed increase in the detachment force. This suggests that the increase in adhesion may be due to particle rotation from their initial positions obtained upon deposition to a more stable position that results from torques generated by either electrostatic or van der Waals forces acting on the particles.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Domaines d'application, Application fields, Metaux. Metallurgie, Metals. Metallurgy, Assemblage et découpage thermique: aspects métallurgiques, Joining, thermal cutting: metallurgical aspects, Collage, Adhesive bonding, Adhésif, Adhesive, Adhesivo, Klebemittel, Aluminium alliage, Aluminium alloy, Aluminio aleación, Aluminiumlegierung, Assemblage collé, Adhesive joint, Ensambladura pegada, Klebverbindung, Contrainte résiduelle, Residual stress, Tensión residual, Eigenspannung, Durcissement(matière plastique), Curing(plastics), Endurecimiento(material plástico), Aushaertung, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Epoxidharz, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Experimentelle Untersuchung, Interphase, Interfase, Module élasticité, Elastic modulus, Módulo elasticidad, Elastizitaetsmodul, Propriété interface, Interface properties, Propiedad interfase, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Oberflaecheneigenschaft, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Oberflaechenbehandlung, Ténacité, Fracture toughness, Tenacidad, Bruchzaehigkeit, Interface métal polymère, Travail adhésion, Practical adhesion, Residual stresses, and Work of adhesion

When an epoxy-diamine system (DGEBA-IPDA) is applied onto aluminum alloy (5754) and cured, an interphase having chemical, physical, and mechanical properties quite different from those of the bulk polymer is created between the substrate and the part of the polymer having bulk properties. To get a better understanding of the role of the interphase on the interfacial fracture toughness either a tri-layer (bulk coating/interphase/substrate) or a bi-layer model (bulk coating/substrate) were used for quantitative determination of the critical strain energy release rate (noted Gc). Indeed, as the interphase formation results from both dissolution and diffusion phenomena, we were able to control the interphase formation within coated systems by controlling the liquid-solid contact time and then to make tri- or bi-layered systems. The particularity of models used is to consider residual stress profiles developed within the entire system leading to an intrinsic parameter representing the work of adhesion between the polymer and the metallic substrate. The aim of this publication is to clearly establish the role of the interphase mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus and residual stress on the interfacial fracture toughness. Results are presented and discussed for three different aluminum surface treatments (chemical etching, degreasing and anodizing).

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Stratifiés, Laminates, Adhésif, Adhesive, Adhesivo, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Assemblage collé, Adhesive joint, Ensambladura pegada, Assurance qualité, Quality assurance, Aseguración calidad, Collage, Adhesive bonding, Enlace adhesivo, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre carbone, Carbon fiber, Fibra carbón, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Grenaillage, Shot peening, Granalla, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé fibre, Fiber reinforced material, Material reforzado fibra, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Stratifié, Laminate, Estratificado, Tension superficielle, Surface tension, Tensión superficial, Traitement mécanique, Mechanical treatment, Tratamiento mecánico, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Composite materials, and Surface energy

In the absence of weak boundary layers, surface energy can be an excellent indicator of the suitability of a fiber-reinforced composite surface for adhesive bonding. Mechanical surface treatments such as grit blasting are effective and commonly used to prepare composite surfaces, but the roughness introduced by these treatments makes quantification of the surface energy by contact angle methods difficult. This paper shows that the diameter of a small drop of a low-viscosity fluid chosen to have surface tension characteristics very similar to the adhesive can be used as an effective predictor of adhesive bond fracture energy. This technique could form the basis of a sensitive quality assurance tool for manufacturing.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electronique, Electronics, Electronique des semiconducteurs. Microélectronique. Optoélectronique. Dispositifs à l'état solide, Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices, Fabrication microélectronique (technologie des matériaux et des surfaces), Microelectronic fabrication (materials and surfaces technology), Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Domaines d'application, Application fields, Propriété interface, Interface properties, Propiedad interfase, Adhésif, Adhesive, Adhesivo, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Application, Aplicación, Collage, Adhesive bonding, Enlace adhesivo, Durabilité, Durability, Durabilidad, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fabrication microélectronique, Microelectronic fabrication, Fabricación microeléctrica, Matériau revêtu, Coated material, Material revestido, Milieu aqueux, Aqueous medium, Medio acuoso, Pastille électronique, Wafer, Pastilla electrónica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Silicium carbure, Silicon carbide, Silicio carburo, Silicium, Silicon, Silicio, Traitement par plasma, Plasma assisted processing, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Vieillissement accéléré, Artificial ageing, Envejecimiento acelerado, Bond durability, Derivatization, Epoxy-SiC/Si system, O2 plasma surface modification, Silane coupling agent, Strain energy release rate, and Surface analysis

Gaseous plasma pretreatments and surface derivatization using silane coupling agents (SCA) have been used to enhance the adhesive bonding of an epoxy to SiC-coated Si wafers (SiC/Si). The surface modification approaches included 1) an SCA treatment using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) or 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPS) and 2) an oxygen plasma pretreatment followed by a silane treatment. Durability was evaluated by immersing epoxy-coated SiC/Si samples in aqueous solutions at various pHs at 60°C for selected times. Adhesion durability for the epoxy-coated SiC/Si systems was qualitatively evaluated by visual inspection to identify debonding and quantitatively evaluated with a probe test to determine the critical strain energy release rate, Gc. Durability via either test approach varied as a function of surface treatment in this manner: oxygen plasma treatment plus silane modification > silane treated > no treatment. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic characterization of surfaces was carried out following the surface treatments and after complete adhesion failure in the durability tests. The XPS results suggested that improved performance was due to plasma cleaning and modification of the substrate surface, promotion of silane surface interaction, and the formation of a thicker oxide layer.

Metallurgy, welding, Métallurgie, soudage, Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Appareillage et mise en oeuvre, Machinery and processing, Matières plastiques, Plastics, Revêtement, métallisation, coloration, Coating, metallization, dyeing, Acier, Steel, Acero, Adhésivité, Adhesivity, Adhesividad, Assemblage collé, Adhesive joint, Ensambladura pegada, Ethylène haute densité polymère, High density ethylene polymer, Etileno alta densidad polímero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Matériau électrode, Electrode material, Material electrodo, Mouillabilité, Wettability, Remojabilidad, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Relation mise en oeuvre structure, Structure processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha estructura, Résistance cisaillement, Shear strength, Resistencia cizallamiento, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Traitement par plasma, Plasma assisted processing, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Interface métal polymère, ESCA, High-density polyethylene, Lap-shear strength, Plasma treatment, Surface energy, Surface modification, and XPS

The present investigation studys the effects of different electrodes such as copper, nickel, and stainless steel under low-pressure plasma on physicochemical and adhesion characteristics of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). To estimate the extent of surface modification, the surface energies of the polymer surfaces exposed to low-pressure plasmas have been determined by measuring contact angles using two standard test liquids of known surface energies. It is observed that the surface energy and its polar component increase with increasing exposure time, attain a maximum, and then decrease. The increase in surface energy and its polar component is relatively more important when the polymer is exposed under a stainless-steel electrode followed by a nickel and then a copper electrode. The dispersion component of surface energy remains almost unaffected. The surfaces have also been studied by optical microscopy and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). It is observed that when the HDPE is exposed under these electrodes, single crystals of shish kebab structure form, and the extent of formation of crystals is higher under a stainless-steel electrode followed by nickel and then copper electrodes. Exposure of the polymer under low-pressure plasma has essentially incorporated oxygen functionalities on the polymer surface as detected by ESCA. Furthermore the ESCA studies strongly emphasize that higher incorporation of oxygen functionalities are obtained when the polymer is exposed to low-pressure plasma under a stainless-steel electrode followed by nickel and then copper electrodes. These oxygen functionalities have been transformed into various polar functional groups, which have been attributed to increases in the polar component of surface energy as well as the total surface energy of the polymer. Therefore, the maximum increase in surface energy results in stronger adhesion of the polymer when the polymer is exposed under a stainless-steel electrode rather than nickel and copper electrodes.