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Capital, Business ethics, Marxian economics, Production (Economic theory), Capitalism, Mixed economy, Surplus value, Overproduction, Decision making, Managerial economics, Socialism -- China, and Marxist philosophy

Making use of capital to develop China’s socialist market economy requires China not only to fully recognize the tendency of capital civilization but also to realize its intrinsic limitations and to seek conditions and a path for overcoming contradictions in the mode of capitalist production. Karl Marx’s theory of capital provides us with a key to understanding and dealing properly with problems of capital. At the same time we should also pay heed to Western research on, experience with, and lessons from capitalist economies developed over the past four centuries summarized in the field of “business ethics”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ADVERTISING, CULTURAL values, TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, and SOCIALISM -- China

Advertising studies allow us not only to differentiate successful from unsuccessful marketing activities, but establish the fact as well that advertising reveals specific cultural norms that somehow differ depending on global regions. Advertising studies feature a clearly pronounced interdisciplinary nature and allow us to better understand what cultural basis specific advertising texts are made on. An advertising message is oriented on both rational and emotional-affective processes among the people perceiving the message. Modern Chinese consumers live in a complex social and cultural space. The ideology of the People's Republic of China combines traditional philosophy, socialist ideas, and technological pragmatism. In modern China, advertising costs are skyrocketing (the year-to-year increase is about 100%). Chinese visual advertising images are based on a complex mixture of global and traditional cultural values and embody different aspects of 'the Great Chinese Dream.' A visual analysis of Chinese advertisements allows us to see what traditional and global values are embodied by advertisers in advertising texts in order to render such advertising messages more effectively. Generally encountered are female images, nature-related images, and images pertaining to the ancient past of China. At the same time, ancient Chinese traditions are subject to globalization. Chinese traditional female images are created in the context of trends of mass culture. Nevertheless, the keynote remains within China's traditional values. All the while, it features no forced separation from the global culture. It is more likely that China harmoniously includes the components considered acceptable within its own worldview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CHINA -- Politics & government, ECONOMIC conditions in China, SOCIALISM -- China, and DEMOCRATIC centralism

The new Chinese leadership promised to deliver a 'Chinese Dream' with the rejuvenation and the prosperity of the Chinese nation and the happiness of the people as China's development goals. While articulating the necessity of the further reform and opening-up, they also put an emphasis on the adherence to a 'socialist way of Chinese characteristics' in that the party leadership is regarded as its imperative. For the 'Chinese Dream' to be realized, a set of values were proclaimed, including prosperity, democracy, civility, harmony, freedom, equality, justice, rule of law, patriotism, dedication, integrity and friendship. Beside the existing institutions such as the system of democratic centralism, the CCP-led multi-party cooperation and system of people's congresses, a set of new institutions were proclaimed as well, including a brand new 'socialist' system of rule of law and modern state governance system. This paper provides updated information and analysis of these newly proclaimed values and institutions, which serve an important new foundation for China to gain high economic efficiency, sustainable productivity, and escape from a 'middle-income trap', and support the endeavor to realize the 'Chinese Dream'. However, its realization depends on whether the new leadership can successfully enforce a competitive market order and the rule of law in the years to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advertising laws, Government policy, Intellectual property, Copyright, Capitalism -- China, Confucianism, Marketing -- China, Intellectual property -- China, Confucian ethics, and Socialism -- China

Whereas the concept of “socialist rule of law” punctuated political discourse in the late 1990s, the idea of a “socialist harmonious society” is today casting a strange light on Chinese legal reform. Is there a Confucian vision of China’s marketing law and practice? To what extent have China’s norms for marketing, mainly intellectual property and advertising law, been challenged by the new government policy toward a harmonious society? In the post World Trade Organization accession period, the theoretical framework of the “socialist harmonious society” has turned law into a disciplinary principle given over to society’s moral construction. If law is seen as an instrument for legitimizing power, it remains implicitly bound primarily to ensure the regime’s durability. Although more and more ordinary citizens and foreign companies are seizing hold of normative tools being put at their disposal, this does not necessarily mean that Chinese law is implemented in a uniform and timely manner throughout China’s territory. China still suffers from a lack of coherence and political will in the drafting of a legal reform that aims mainly at preserving the current fragile political balance. Contradictory forces are indeed at work in this legal construction that is torn between liberal leanings and socialist authoritarianism. Without a deep change in perspective, one can expect only relatively slow progress in protecting the intellectual property rights of the many Chinese and foreign goods and services that can be found on the Chinese market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]