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1. Mouse Ovarian Cancer Models Recapitulate the Human Tumor Microenvironment and Patient Response to Treatment [2020]

  • Eleni Maniati, Chiara Berlato, Ganga Gopinathan, Owen Heath, Panoraia Kotantaki, Anissa Lakhani, Jacqueline McDermott, Colin Pegrum, Robin M. Delaine-Smith, Oliver M.T. Pearce, Priyanka Hirani, Joash D. Joy, Ludmila Szabova, Ruth Perets, Owen J. Sansom, Ronny Drapkin, Peter Bailey, and Frances R. Balkwill
  • Cell Reports, Vol 30, Iss 2, Pp 525-540.e7 (2020)
Subjects
mouse model, ovarian cancer, matrisome, tumor microenvironment, Biology (General), Article, QH301-705.5, and serous
Abstract
Summary: Although there are many prospective targets in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), pre-clinical testing is challenging, especially as there is limited information on the murine TME. Here, we characterize the TME of six orthotopic, transplantable syngeneic murine HGSOC lines established from genetic models and compare these to patient biopsies. We identify significant correlations between the transcriptome, host cell infiltrates, matrisome, vasculature, and tissue modulus of mouse and human TMEs, with several stromal and malignant targets in common. However, each model shows distinct differences and potential vulnerabilities that enabled us to test predictions about response to chemotherapy and an anti-IL-6 antibody. Using machine learning, the transcriptional profiles of the mouse tumors that differed in chemotherapy response are able to classify chemotherapy-sensitive and -refractory patient tumors. These models provide useful pre-clinical tools and may help identify subgroups of HGSOC patients who are most likely to respond to specific therapies. : Maniati et al. show how orthotopic transplantable mouse ovarian cancers with appropriate genotypes develop microenvironments that replicate many features of human primary ovarian tumors and metastases. Molecular features of the mouse tumors combined with machine learning may allow the identification of patients who are most likely to respond to specific therapies. Keywords: ovarian cancer, tumor microenvironment, matrisome, serous, mouse model

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3. Exome Sequencing and Functional Validation in Zebrafish Identify GTDC2 Mutations as a Cause of Walker-Warburg Syndrome [2012]

  • CHIARA MANZINI, M, TAMBUNAN, Dimira E, RODRIGUEZ, Jacqueline, GUPTA, Vandana A, AL-QUDAH, Abdel-Karim, EYAID, Wafaa M, FRIEDMAN, Jan M, SALIH, Mustafa A, CLARK, Robin, MORONI, Isabella, MORA, Marina, BEGGS, Alan H, SEAN HILL, R, GABRIEL, Stacey B, WALSH, Christopher A, YU, Tim W, MAYNARD, Thomas M, HEINZEN, Erin L, SHIANNA, Kevin V, STEVENS, Christine R, PARTLOW, Jennifer N, and BARRY, Brenda J
  • American journal of human genetics. 91(3):541-547
Subjects
Genetics, Génétique, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. Psychologie, Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology, Biologie moleculaire et cellulaire, Molecular and cellular biology, Genetique des eucaryotes. Evolution biologique et moleculaire, Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution, Sciences medicales, Medical sciences, Neurologie, Neurology, Malformations du système nerveux, Malformations of the nervous system, Genetique medicale, Medical genetics, Maladie héréditaire, Genetic disease, Enfermedad hereditaria, Malformation, Malformación, Pathologie de l'encéphale, Cerebral disorder, Encéfalo patología, Pathologie de l'oeil, Eye disease, Ojo patología, Pathologie du système nerveux central, Central nervous system disease, Sistema nervosio central patología, Pathologie du système nerveux, Nervous system diseases, Sistema nervioso patología, Pathologie neuromusculaire, Neuromuscular diseases, Neuromuscular patología, Pisces, Vertebrata, Brachydanio rerio, Dystrophie musculaire, Muscular dystrophy, Distrofia muscular, Génétique, Genetics, Genética, Lissencéphalie, Lissencephaly, Lisencefalia, Mutation, Mutación, Syndrome de Walker et Warburg, Walker-Warburg syndrome, Walker-Warburg síndrome, Séquence nucléotide, Nucleotide sequence, Secuencia nucleótido, Séquençage, Sequencing, Validation test, Test validation, and Validación prueba
Abstract
Whole-exome sequencing (WES), which analyzes the coding sequence of most annotated genes in the human genome, is an ideal approach to studying fully penetrant autosomal-recessive diseases, and it has been very powerful in identifying disease-causing mutations even when enrollment of affected individuals is limited by reduced survival. In this study, we combined WES with homozygosity analysis of consanguineous pedigrees, which are informative even when a single affected individual is available, to identify genetic mutations responsible for Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS), a genetically heterogeneous autosomal-recessive disorder that severely affects the development of the brain, eyes, and muscle. Mutations in seven genes are known to cause WWS and explain 50%―60% of cases, but multiple additional genes are expected to be mutated because unexplained cases show suggestive linkage to diverse loci. Using WES in consanguineous WWS-affected families, we found multiple deleterious mutations in GTDC2 (also known as AGO61), GTDC2's predicted role as an uncharacterized glycosyltransferase is consistent with the function of other genes that are known to be mutated in WWS and that are involved in the glycosylation of the transmembrane receptor dystroglycan. Therefore, to explore the role of GTDC2 loss of function during development, we used morpholino-mediated knockdown of its zebrafish ortholog, gtdc2, We found that gtdc2 knockdown in zebrafish replicates all WWS features (hydrocephalus, ocular defects, and muscular dystrophy), strongly suggesting that GTDC2 mutations cause WWS.

4. An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics [2018]

  • Liu, Jianfang, Lichtenberg, Tara, Hoadley, Katherine A., Poisson, Laila M., Lazar, Alexander J., Cherniack, Andrew D., Kovatich, Albert J., Benz, Christopher C., Levine, Douglas A., Lee, Adrian V., Omberg, Larsson, Wolf, Denise M., Shriver, Craig D., Thorsson, Vesteinn, Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J., Demchok, John A., Felau, Ina, Kasapi, Melpomeni, Ferguson, Martin L., Hutter, Carolyn M., Sofia, Heidi J., Tarnuzzer, Roy, Wang, Zhining, Yang, Liming, Zenklusen, Jean C., Zhang, Jiashan (Julia), Chudamani, Sudha, Liu, Jia, Lolla, Laxmi, Naresh, Rashi, Pihl, Todd, Sun, Qiang, Wan, Yunhu, Ye, Wu, Cho, Juok, Defreitas, Timothy, Frazer, Scott, Gehlenborg, Nils, Getz, Gad, Heiman, David I., Kim, Jaegil, Lawrence, Michael S., Lin, Pei, Meier, Sam, Noble, Michael S., Saksena, Gordon, Voet, Doug, Zhang, Hailei, Bernard, Brady, Chambwe, Nyasha, Dhankani, Varsha, Knijnenburg, Theo, Kramer, Roger, Leinonen, Kalle, Liu, Yuexin, Miller, Michael, Reynolds, Sheila, Shmulevich, Ilya, Zhang, Wei, Akbani, Rehan, Broom, Bradley M., Hegde, Apurva M., Zhenlin, Ju, Kanchi, Rupa S., Korkut, Anil, Jun, Li, Liang, Han, Ling, Shiyun, Liu, Wenbin, Yiling, Lu, Mills, Gordon B., Kwok-Shing, Ng, Rao, Arvind, Ryan, Michael, Wang, Jing, Weinstein, John N., Zhang, Jiexin, Abeshouse, Adam, Armenia, Joshua, Chakravarty, Debyani, Chatila, Walid K., de Bruijn, Ino, Gao, Jianjiong, Gross, Benjamin E., Heins, Zachary J., Kundra, Ritika, Konnor, La, Ladanyi, Marc, Luna, Augustin, Nissan, Moriah G., Ochoa, Angelica, Phillips, Sarah M., Reznik, Ed, Sanchez-Vega, Francisco, Sander, Chris, Schultz, Nikolaus, Sheridan, Robert, Sumer, S. Onur, Sun, Yichao, Taylor, Barry S., Wang, Jioajiao, Zhang, Hongxin, Anur, Pavana, Peto, Myron, Spellman, Paul, Benz, Christopher, Stuart, Joshua M., Wong, Christopher K., Yau, Christina, Hayes, D. Neil, Parker, Joel S., Wilkerson, Matthew D., Ally, Adrian, Balasundaram, Miruna, Bowlby, Reanne, Brooks, Denise, Carlsen, Rebecca, Chuah, Eric, Dhalla, Noreen, Holt, Robert, Jones, Steven J. M., Kasaian, Katayoon, Lee, Darlene, Yussanne, Ma, Marra, Marco A., Mayo, Michael, Moore, Richard A., Mungall, Andrew J., Mungall, Karen, Robertson, A. Gordon, Sadeghi, Sara, Schein, Jacqueline E., Sipahimalani, Payal, Tam, Angela, Thiessen, Nina, Tse, Kane, Wong, Tina, Berger, Ashton C., Beroukhim, Rameen, Cibulskis, Carrie, Gabriel, Stacey B., Gao, Galen F., Gavin, Ha, Meyerson, Matthew, Schumacher, Steven E., Shih, Juliann, Kucherlapati, Melanie H., Kucherlapati, Raju S., Baylin, Stephen, Cope, Leslie, Danilova, Ludmila, Bootwalla, Moiz S., Lai, Phillip H., Maglinte, Dennis T., Van Den Berg, David J., Weisenberger, Daniel J., Auman, J. Todd, Balu, Saianand, Bodenheimer, Tom, Fan, Cheng, Hoyle, Alan P., Jefferys, Stuart R., Jones, Corbin D., Meng, Shaowu, Mieczkowski, Piotr A., Mose, Lisle E., Perou, Amy H., Perou, Charles M., Roach, Jeffrey, Shi, Yan, Simons, Janae V., Skelly, Tara, Soloway, Matthew G., Tan, Donghui, Veluvolu, Umadevi, Fan, Huihui, Hinoue, Toshinori, Laird, Peter W., Shen, Hui, Zhou, Wanding, Bellair, Michelle, Chang, Kyle, Covington, Kyle, Creighton, Chad J., Dinh, Huyen, Doddapaneni, Harshavardhan, Donehower, Lawrence A., Drummond, Jennifer, Gibbs, Richard A., Glenn, Robert, Hale, Walker, Han, Yi, Jianhong, Hu, Korchina, Viktoriya, Lee, Sandra, Lewis, Lora, Wei, Li, Liu, Xiuping, Morgan, Margaret, Morton, Donna, Muzny, Donna, Santibanez, Jireh, Sheth, Margi, Shinbro, Eve, Wang, Linghua, Wang, Min, Wheeler, David A., Liu, Xi, Zhao, Fengmei, Hess, Julian, Appelbaum, Elizabeth L., Bailey, Matthew, Cordes, Matthew G., Ding, Li, Fronick, Catrina C., Fulton, Lucinda A., Fulton, Robert S., Kandoth, Cyriac, Mardis, Elaine R., Mclellan, Michael D., Miller, Christopher A., Schmidt, Heather K., Wilson, Richard K., Crain, Daniel, Curley, Erin, Gardner, Johanna, Lau, Kevin, Mallery, David, Morris, Scott, Paulauskis, Joseph, Penny, Robert, Shelton, Candace, Shelton, Troy, Sherman, Mark, Thompson, Eric, Yena, Peggy, Bowen, Jay, Gastier-Foster, Julie M., Gerken, Mark, Leraas, Kristen M., Lichtenberg, Tara M., Ramirez, Nilsa C., Wise, Lisa, Zmuda, Erik, Corcoran, Niall, Costello, Tony, Hovens, Christopher, Carvalho, Andre L., de Carvalho, Ana C., Fregnani, José H., Longatto-Filho, Adhemar, Reis, Rui M., Scapulatempo-Neto, Cristovam, Silveira, Henrique C. S., Vidal, Daniel O., Burnette, Andrew, Eschbacher, Jennifer, Hermes, Beth, Noss, Ardene, Singh, Rosy, Anderson, Matthew L., Castro, Patricia D., Ittmann, Michael, Huntsman, David, Kohl, Bernard, Xuan, Le, Thorp, Richard, Andry, Chris, Duffy, Elizabeth R., Lyadov, Vladimir, Paklina, Oxana, Setdikova, Galiya, Shabunin, Alexey, Tavobilov, Mikhail, Mcpherson, Christopher, Warnick, Ronald, Berkowitz, Ross, Cramer, Daniel, Feltmate, Colleen, Horowitz, Neil, Kibel, Adam, Muto, Michael, Raut, Chandrajit P., Malykh, Andrei, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S., Barrett, Wendi, Devine, Karen, Fulop, Jordonna, Ostrom, Quinn T., Shimmel, Kristen, Wolinsky, Yingli, Sloan, Andrew E., De Rose, Agostino, Giuliante, Felice, Goodman, Marc, Karlan, Beth Y., Hagedorn, Curt H., Eckman, John, Harr, Jodi, Myers, Jerome, Tucker, Kelinda, Zach, Leigh Anne, Deyarmin, Brenda, Hai, Hu, Kvecher, Leonid, Larson, Caroline, Mural, Richard J., Somiari, Stella, Vicha, Ales, Zelinka, Tomas, Bennett, Joseph, Iacocca, Mary, Rabeno, Brenda, Swanson, Patricia, Latour, Mathieu, Lacombe, Louis, Têtu, Bernard, Bergeron, Alain, Mcgraw, Mary, Staugaitis, Susan M., Chabot, John, Hibshoosh, Hanina, Sepulveda, Antonia, Tao, Su, Wang, Timothy, Potapova, Olga, Voronina, Olga, Desjardins, Laurence, Mariani, Odette, Roman-Roman, Sergio, Sastre, Xavier, Stern, Marc-Henri, Cheng, Feixiong, Signoretti, Sabina, Berchuck, Andrew, Bigner, Darell, Lipp, Eric, Marks, Jeffrey, Mccall, Shannon, Mclendon, Roger, Secord, Angeles, Sharp, Alexis, Behera, Madhusmita, Brat, Daniel J., Chen, Amy, Delman, Keith, Force, Seth, Khuri, Fadlo, Magliocca, Kelly, Maithel, Shishir, Olson, Jeffrey J., Owonikoko, Taofeek, Pickens, Alan, Ramalingam, Suresh, Shin, Dong M., Sica, Gabriel, Van Meir, Erwin G., Zhang, Hongzheng, Eijckenboom, Wil, Gillis, Ad, Korpershoek, Esther, Looijenga, Leendert, Oosterhuis, Wolter, Stoop, Hans, van Kessel, Kim E., Zwarthoff, Ellen C., Calatozzolo, Chiara, Cuppini, Lucia, Cuzzubbo, Stefania, Dimeco, Francesco, Finocchiaro, Gaetano, Mattei, Luca, Perin, Alessandro, Pollo, Bianca, Chen, Chu, Houck, John, Lohavanichbutr, Pawadee, Hartmann, Arndt, Stoehr, Christine, Stoehr, Robert, Taubert, Helge, Wach, Sven, Wullich, Bernd, Kycler, Witold, Murawa, Dawid, Wiznerowicz, Maciej, Chung, Ki, Edenfield, W. Jeffrey, Martin, Julie, Baudin, Eric, Bubley, Glenn, Bueno, Raphael, De Rienzo, Assunta, Richards, William G., Kalkanis, Steven, Mikkelsen, Tom, Noushmehr, Houtan, Scarpace, Lisa, Girard, Nicolas, Aymerich, Marta, Campo, Elias, Giné, Eva, Guillermo, Armando López, Van Bang, Nguyen, Hanh, Phan Thi, Phu, Bui Duc, Tang, Yufang, Colman, Howard, Evason, Kimberley, Dottino, Peter R., Martignetti, John A., Gabra, Hani, Juhl, Hartmut, Akeredolu, Teniola, Stepa, Serghei, Hoon, Dave, Ahn, Keunsoo, Kang, Koo Jeong, Beuschlein, Felix, Breggia, Anne, Birrer, Michael, Bell, Debra, Borad, Mitesh, Bryce, Alan H., Castle, Erik, Chandan, Vishal, Cheville, John, Copland, John A., Farnell, Michael, Flotte, Thomas, Giama, Nasra, Thai, Ho, Kendrick, Michael, Kocher, Jean-Pierre, Kopp, Karla, Moser, Catherine, Nagorney, David, O'Brien, Daniel, O'Neill, Brian Patrick, Patel, Tushar, Petersen, Gloria, Que, Florencia, Rivera, Michael, Roberts, Lewis, Smallridge, Robert, Smyrk, Thomas, Stanton, Melissa, Thompson, R. Houston, Torbenson, Michael, Yang, Ju Dong, Zhang, Lizhi, Brimo, Fadi, Ajani, Jaffer A., Angulo Gonzalez, Ana Maria, Behrens, Carmen, Bondaruk, Jolanta, Broaddus, Russell, Czerniak, Bogdan, Esmaeli, Bita, Fujimoto, Junya, Gershenwald, Jeffrey, Guo, Charles, Logothetis, Christopher, Meric-Bernstam, Funda, Moran, Cesar, Ramondetta, Lois, Rice, David, Sood, Anil, Tamboli, Pheroze, Thompson, Timothy, Troncoso, Patricia, Tsao, Anne, Wistuba, Ignacio, Carter, Candace, Haydu, Lauren, Hersey, Peter, Jakrot, Valerie, Kakavand, Hojabr, Kefford, Richard, Lee, Kenneth, Long, Georgina, Mann, Graham, Quinn, Michael, Saw, Robyn, Scolyer, Richard, Shannon, Kerwin, Spillane, Andrew, Stretch, Jonathan, Synott, Maria, Thompson, John, Wilmott, James, Al-Ahmadie, Hikmat, Chan, Timothy A., Ghossein, Ronald, Gopalan, Anuradha, Reuter, Victor, Singer, Samuel, Singh, Bhuvanesh, Tien, Nguyen Viet, Broudy, Thomas, Mirsaidi, Cyrus, Nair, Praveen, Drwiega, Paul, Miller, Judy, Smith, Jennifer, Zaren, Howard, Park, Joong-Won, Hung, Nguyen Phi, Kebebew, Electron, Linehan, W. Marston, Metwalli, Adam R., Pacak, Karel, Pinto, Peter A., Schiffman, Mark, Schmidt, Laura S., Vocke, Cathy D., Wentzensen, Nicolas, Worrell, Robert, Yang, Hannah, Moncrieff, Marc, Goparaju, Chandra, Melamed, Jonathan, Pass, Harvey, Botnariuc, Natalia, Caraman, Irina, Cernat, Mircea, Chemencedji, Inga, Clipca, Adrian, Doruc, Serghei, Gorincioi, Ghenadie, Mura, Sergiu, Pirtac, Maria, Stancul, Irina, Tcaciuc, Diana, Albert, Monique, Alexopoulou, Iakovina, Arnaout, Angel, Bartlett, John, Engel, Jay, Gilbert, Sebastien, Parfitt, Jeremy, Sekhon, Harman, Thomas, George, Rassl, Doris M., Rintoul, Robert C., Bifulco, Carlo, Tamakawa, Raina, Urba, Walter, Hayward, Nicholas, Timmers, Henri, Antenucci, Anna, Facciolo, Francesco, Grazi, Gianluca, Marino, Mirella, Merola, Roberta, de Krijger, Ronald, Gimenez-Roqueplo, Anne-Paule, Piché, Alain, Chevalier, Simone, Mckercher, Ginette, Birsoy, Kivanc, Barnett, Gene, Brewer, Cathy, Farver, Carol, Naska, Theresa, Pennell, Nathan A., Raymond, Daniel, Schilero, Cathy, Smolenski, Kathy, Williams, Felicia, Morrison, Carl, Borgia, Jeffrey A., Liptay, Michael J., Pool, Mark, Seder, Christopher W., Junker, Kerstin, Dinkin, Mikhail, Manikhas, George, Alvaro, Domenico, Bragazzi, Maria Consiglia, Cardinale, Vincenzo, Carpino, Guido, Gaudio, Eugenio, Chesla, David, Cottingham, Sandra, Dubina, Michael, Moiseenko, Fedor, Dhanasekaran, Renumathy, Becker, Karl-Friedrich, Janssen, Klaus-Peter, Slotta-Huspenina, Julia, Abdel-Rahman, Mohamed H., Aziz, Dina, Bell, Sue, Cebulla, Colleen M., Davis, Amy, Duell, Rebecca, Elder, J. Bradley, Hilty, Joe, Kumar, Bahavna, Lang, James, Lehman, Norman L., Mandt, Randy, Nguyen, Phuong, Pilarski, Robert, Rai, Karan, Schoenfield, Lynn, Senecal, Kelly, Wakely, Paul, Hansen, Paul, Lechan, Ronald, Powers, James, Tischler, Arthur, Grizzle, William E., Sexton, Katherine C., Kastl, Alison, Henderson, Joel, Porten, Sima, Waldmann, Jens, Fassnacht, Martin, Asa, Sylvia L., Schadendorf, Dirk, Couce, Marta, Graefen, Markus, Huland, Hartwig, Sauter, Guido, Schlomm, Thorsten, Simon, Ronald, Tennstedt, Pierre, Olabode, Oluwole, Nelson, Mark, Bathe, Oliver, Carroll, Peter R., Chan, June M., Disaia, Philip, Glenn, Pat, Kelley, Robin K., Landen, Charles N., Phillips, Joanna, Prados, Michael, Simko, Jeffry, Smith-McCune, Karen, Vandenberg, Scott, Roggin, Kevin, Fehrenbach, Ashley, Kendler, Ady, Sifri, Suzanne, Steele, Ruth, Jimeno, Antonio, Carey, Francis, Forgie, Ian, Mannelli, Massimo, Carney, Michael, Hernandez, Brenda, Campos, Benito, Herold-Mende, Christel, Jungk, Christin, Unterberg, Andreas, von Deimling, Andreas, Bossler, Aaron, Galbraith, Joseph, Jacobus, Laura, Knudson, Michael, Knutson, Tina, Deqin, Ma, Milhem, Mohammed, Sigmund, Rita, Godwin, Andrew K., Madan, Rashna, Rosenthal, Howard G., Adebamowo, Clement, Adebamowo, Sally N., Boussioutas, Alex, Beer, David, Giordano, Thomas, Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie, Saad, Fred, Bocklage, Therese, Landrum, Lisa, Mannel, Robert, Moore, Kathleen, Moxley, Katherine, Postier, Russel, Walker, Joan, Zuna, Rosemary, Feldman, Michael, Valdivieso, Federico, Dhir, Rajiv, Luketich, James, Mora Pinero, Edna M., Quintero-Aguilo, Mario, Carlotti, Carlos Gilberto, Dos Santos, Jose Sebastião, Kemp, Rafael, Sankarankuty, Ajith, Tirapelli, Daniela, Catto, James, Agnew, Kathy, Swisher, Elizabeth, Creaney, Jenette, Robinson, Bruce, Shelley, Carl Simon, Godwin, Eryn M., Kendall, Sara, Shipman, Cassaundra, Bradford, Carol, Carey, Thomas, Haddad, Andrea, Moyer, Jeffey, Peterson, Lisa, Prince, Mark, Rozek, Laura, Wolf, Gregory, Bowman, Rayleen, Fong, Kwun M., Yang, Ian, Korst, Robert, Rathmell, W. Kimryn, Fantacone-Campbell, J. Leigh, Hooke, Jeffrey A., Dipersio, John, Drake, Bettina, Govindan, Ramaswamy, Heath, Sharon, Ley, Timothy, Van Tine, Brian, Westervelt, Peter, Rubin, Mark A., Lee, Jung Il, Aredes, Natália D., and Mariamidze, Armaz
Subjects
clinical data resource, Cox proportional hazards regression model, disease-free interval, disease-specific survival, follow-up time, overall survival, progression-free interval, TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas, translational research, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), and Settore MED/27 - Neurochirurgia

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11. Over- and Underdosage of SOX3 Is Associated with Infundibular Hypoplasia and Hypopituitarism. [2005]

  • Woods, Kathryn S., Gundall, Maria, Turton, James, Rizotti, Karine, Mehta, Ameeta, Palmer, Rodger, Jacqueline Wong, Chong, W. K., Al-Zyoud, Mahmoud, El-Ali, Maryam, Otonkoski, Timo, Martinez-Barbera, Juan-Pedro, Thomas, Paul Q., Robinson, Iain C., Lovell-Badge, Robin, Woodward, Karen J., and Dattani, Mehut T.
  • American Journal of Human Genetics. May2005, Vol. 76 Issue 5, p833-849. 17p.
Subjects
SHEEHAN'S syndrome, SOMATOTROPIN, MENTAL disabilities, ETIOLOGY of diseases, TRANSCRIPTION factors, and PATHOLOGICAL psychology
Abstract
Duplications of Xq26-27 have been implicated in the etiology of X-linked hypopituitarism associated with mental retardation (MR). Additionally, an expansion of a polyalanine tract (by 11 alanines) within the transcription factor SOX3 (Xq27.1) has been reported in patients with growth hormone deficiency and variable learning difficulties. We report a submicroscopic duplication of Xq27.1, the smallest reported to date (685.6 kb), in two siblings with variable hypopituitarism, callosal abnormalities, anterior pituitary hypoplasia (APH), an ectopic posterior pituitary (EPP), and an absent infundibulum. This duplication contains SOX3 and sequences corresponding to two transcripts of unknown function; only Sox3 is expressed in the infundibulum in mice. Next, we identified a novel seven-alanine expansion within a polyalanine tract in SOX3 in a family with panhypopituitarism in three male siblings with an absent infundibulum, severe APH, and EPP. This mutation led to reduced transcriptional activity, with impaired nuclear localization of the mutant protein. We also identified a novel polymorphism (A43T) in SOX3 in another child with hypopituitarism. In contrast to findings in previous studies, there was no evidence of MR or learning difficulties in our patients. We conclude that both over- and underdosage of SOX3 are associated with similar phenotypes, consisting of infundibular hypoplasia and hypopituitarism but not necessarily MR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

12. Association of Polymorphisms in the Apolipoprotein E Region with Susceptibility to and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis. [2002]

  • Schmidt, Silke, Barcellos, Lisa F., DeSombre, Karen, Rimmler, Jacqueline B., Lincoln, Robin R., Bucher, Patricia, Saunders, Ann M., Lai, Eric, Martin, Eden R., Vance, Jeffery M., Oksenberg, Jorge R., Hauser, Stephen L., Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., and Haines, Jonathan L.
  • American Journal of Human Genetics. Mar2002, Vol. 70 Issue 3, p708. 10p.
Subjects
GENETICS of multiple sclerosis, APOLIPOPROTEIN E, GENETIC polymorphisms, and GENETICS of disease susceptibility
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, with a complex etiology that includes a strong genetic component. The contribution of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been established in numerous genetic linkage and association studies. In addition to the MHC, the chromosome 19q13 region surrounding the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has shown consistent evidence of involvement in MS when family-based analyses were conducted. Furthermore, several clinical reports have suggested that the APOE-4 allele may be associated with more-severe disease and faster progression of disability. To thoroughly examine the role of APOE in MS, we genotyped its functional alleles, as well as seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located primarily within 13 kb of APOE, in a data set of 398 families. Using family-based association analysis, we found statistically significant evidence that an SNP haplotype near APOE is associated with MS susceptibility (P = .005 ). An analysis of disease progression in 614 patients with MS from 379 families indicated that APOE-4 carriers are more likely to be affected with severe disease (P = .03 ), whereas a higher proportion of APOE-2 carriers exhibit a mild disease course (P = .02 ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

13. Chronic Activation of γ2 AMPK Induces Obesity and Reduces β Cell Function. [2016]

  • Yavari A, Stocker CJ, Ghaffari S, Wargent ET, Steeples V, Czibik G, Pinter K, Bellahcene M, Woods A, Martínez de Morentin PB, Cansell C, Lam BY, Chuster A, Petkevicius K, Nguyen-Tu MS, Martinez-Sanchez A, Pullen TJ, Oliver PL, Stockenhuber A, Nguyen C, Lazdam M, O'Dowd JF, Harikumar P, Tóth M, Beall C, Kyriakou T, Parnis J, Sarma D, Katritsis G, Wortmann DD, Harper AR, Brown LA, Willows R, Gandra S, Poncio V, de Oliveira Figueiredo MJ, Qi NR, Peirson SN, McCrimmon RJ, Gereben B, Tretter L, Fekete C, Redwood C, Yeo GS, Heisler LK, Rutter GA, Smith MA, Withers DJ, Carling D, Sternick EB, Arch JR, Cawthorne MA, Watkins H, and Ashrafian H
  • Cell metabolism [Cell Metab] 2016 May 10; Vol. 23 (5), pp. 821-36. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Apr 28.
Subjects
Adiposity genetics, Adult, Aging pathology, Agouti-Related Protein metabolism, Animals, Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus metabolism, Energy Metabolism genetics, Enzyme Activation, Feeding Behavior, Female, Heterozygote, Humans, Hyperphagia complications, Hyperphagia enzymology, Hyperphagia genetics, Hyperphagia pathology, Hypothalamus metabolism, Insulin metabolism, Male, Mice, Mitochondria metabolism, Mutation genetics, Neurons metabolism, Obesity blood, Obesity complications, Obesity pathology, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Receptors, Ghrelin metabolism, Ribosomes metabolism, Signal Transduction genetics, Transcriptome genetics, Up-Regulation genetics, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism, Insulin-Secreting Cells enzymology, Insulin-Secreting Cells pathology, and Obesity enzymology
Abstract
Despite significant advances in our understanding of the biology determining systemic energy homeostasis, the treatment of obesity remains a medical challenge. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been proposed as an attractive strategy for the treatment of obesity and its complications. AMPK is a conserved, ubiquitously expressed, heterotrimeric serine/threonine kinase whose short-term activation has multiple beneficial metabolic effects. Whether these translate into long-term benefits for obesity and its complications is unknown. Here, we observe that mice with chronic AMPK activation, resulting from mutation of the AMPK γ2 subunit, exhibit ghrelin signaling-dependent hyperphagia, obesity, and impaired pancreatic islet insulin secretion. Humans bearing the homologous mutation manifest a congruent phenotype. Our studies highlight that long-term AMPK activation throughout all tissues can have adverse metabolic consequences, with implications for pharmacological strategies seeking to chronically activate AMPK systemically to treat metabolic disease.
(Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

14. A high-density screen for linkage in multiple sclerosis. [2005]

  • Sawcer S, Ban M, Maranian M, Yeo TW, Compston A, Kirby A, Daly MJ, De Jager PL, Walsh E, Lander ES, Rioux JD, Hafler DA, Ivinson A, Rimmler J, Gregory SG, Schmidt S, Pericak-Vance MA, Akesson E, Hillert J, Datta P, Oturai A, Ryder LP, Harbo HF, Spurkland A, Myhr KM, Laaksonen M, Booth D, Heard R, Stewart G, Lincoln R, Barcellos LF, Hauser SL, Oksenberg JR, Kenealy SJ, and Haines JL
  • American journal of human genetics [Am J Hum Genet] 2005 Sep; Vol. 77 (3), pp. 454-67. Date of Electronic Publication: 2005 Jul 29.
Subjects
Australia, Chromosome Mapping, Europe, Family, Genetic Markers genetics, Genomics methods, Humans, Middle Aged, United States, Chromosomes, Human genetics, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Predisposition to Disease genetics, Genetic Testing methods, and Multiple Sclerosis genetics
Abstract
To provide a definitive linkage map for multiple sclerosis, we have genotyped the Illumina BeadArray linkage mapping panel (version 4) in a data set of 730 multiplex families of Northern European descent. After the application of stringent quality thresholds, data from 4,506 markers in 2,692 individuals were included in the analysis. Multipoint nonparametric linkage analysis revealed highly significant linkage in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6p21 (maximum LOD score [MLS] 11.66) and suggestive linkage on chromosomes 17q23 (MLS 2.45) and 5q33 (MLS 2.18). This set of markers achieved a mean information extraction of 79.3% across the genome, with a Mendelian inconsistency rate of only 0.002%. Stratification based on carriage of the multiple sclerosis-associated DRB1*1501 allele failed to identify any other region of linkage with genomewide significance. However, ordered-subset analysis suggested that there may be an additional locus on chromosome 19p13 that acts independent of the main MHC locus. These data illustrate the substantial increase in power that can be achieved with use of the latest tools emerging from the Human Genome Project and indicate that future attempts to systematically identify susceptibility genes for multiple sclerosis will have to involve large sample sizes and an association-based methodology.

15. Meta-analysis of 13 genome scans reveals multiple cleft lip/palate genes with novel loci on 9q21 and 2q32-35. [2004]

  • Marazita ML, Murray JC, Lidral AC, Arcos-Burgos M, Cooper ME, Goldstein T, Maher BS, Daack-Hirsch S, Schultz R, Mansilla MA, Field LL, Liu YE, Prescott N, Malcolm S, Winter R, Ray A, Moreno L, Valencia C, Neiswanger K, Wyszynski DF, Bailey-Wilson JE, Albacha-Hejazi H, Beaty TH, McIntosh I, Hetmanski JB, Tunçbilek G, Edwards M, Harkin L, Scott R, and Roddick LG
  • American journal of human genetics [Am J Hum Genet] 2004 Aug; Vol. 75 (2), pp. 161-73. Date of Electronic Publication: 2004 Jun 04.
Subjects
Genetic Linkage, Genetic Markers, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Lod Score, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, Cleft Lip genetics, and Cleft Palate genetics
Abstract
Isolated or nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common birth defect with a complex etiology. A 10-cM genome scan of 388 extended multiplex families with CL/P from seven diverse populations (2,551 genotyped individuals) revealed CL/P genes in six chromosomal regions, including a novel region at 9q21 (heterogeneity LOD score [HLOD]=6.6). In addition, meta-analyses with the addition of results from 186 more families (six populations; 1,033 genotyped individuals) showed genomewide significance for 10 more regions, including another novel region at 2q32-35 (P=.0004). These are the first genomewide significant linkage results ever reported for CL/P, and they represent an unprecedented demonstration of the power of linkage analysis to detect multiple genes simultaneously for a complex disorder.

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