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Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Aniline copolymère, Aniline copolymer, Anilina copolímero, Corrosion électrochimique, Electrochemical corrosion, Corrosión electroquímica, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Imide copolymère, Imide copolymer, Imida copolímero, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Perméabilité gaz, Gas permeability, Permeabilidad gas, Polycondensation, Condensation polymerization, Policondensación, Procédé sol gel, Sol gel process, Procedimiento sol gel, Propriété transport, Transport properties, Propiedad transporte, Propriété électrochimique, Electrochemical properties, Propiedad electroquímica, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Revêtement anticorrosion, Corrosion protective coatings, Résistance corrosion, Corrosion resistance, Resistencia corrosión, Silice, Silica, Sílice, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

In this study, a series of electroactive polyimide/SiO2 (EPIS) composite materials containing conjugated segments of electroactive amino-capped aniline trimer (AT) unit were successfully prepared. First of all, the amino-modified silica (AMS) particles of ~100 nm in diameter were synthesized by performing the conventional base-catalyzed sol―gel reactions. Subsequently, the AMS nanoparticles were blending into the polymerization reactions between AT and 4,4ʹ-(4,4ʹ-isopropylidenediphenoxy)-bis(phthalic anhydride), leading to the formation of EPIS composites. The as-prepared EPIS materials in the form of coating on cold-rolled steel (CRS) electrode were found to be much superior in corrosion protection over those of non-electroactive polyimide and EPI materials based on a series of electrochemical corrosion measurements in saline. The significant enhancement in corrosion protection of EPIS coatings on CRS electrodes might probably be attributed to the redox catalytic property of organic EPI inducing the formation of passive metal oxide layer and the barrier property of well-dispersed AMS nanoparticles existed in EPI matrix.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Acide sulfonique, Sulfonic acid, Acido sulfónico, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Benzooxazole dérivé polymère, Benzoxazole derivative polymer, Benzooxazol derivado polímero, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre synthétique, Synthetic fiber, Fibra sintética, Interface fibre matrice, Matrix fiber interface, Interfase fibra matriz, Matériau renforcé fibre, Fiber reinforced material, Material reforzado fibra, Molécule polyédrique, Polyhedral molecule, Molécula poliédrica, Mélange polymère, Polymer blends, Oligomère, Oligomer, Oligómero, Polymère aromatique, Aromatic polymer, Polímero aromático, Propriété interface, Interface properties, Propiedad interfase, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Rugosité, Roughness, Rugosidad, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Silsesquioxane polymère, Silsesquioxane polymer, Silsesquioxano polímero, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, and Benzobisoxazole(p-phénylène) polymère

A novel three-step approach of methanesulfonic acid/γ-aminopropyl triethoxy silane/GlycidylEthyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (MSA/KH550/POSS) was proposed to functionalize the surface of high modulus poly (p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) (HMPBO) fibers. Results indicated that GlycidylEthyl POSS was successfully grafted on the surface of HMPBO fibers and the surface roughness of HMPBO fibers was increased obviously. The single fiber pull-out strength of POSS-g-HMPBO/epoxy resin microcomposite was improved to 1.19 MPa, better than that of native HMPBO/epoxy resin microcomposite.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Constituants de formulation, Compounding ingredients, Ignifugeants, retardateurs de flamme et réducteurs de fumée, Fireproof agents, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Additif, Additive, Aditivo, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Dimension particule, Particle size, Dimensión partícula, Ethylène haute densité polymère, High density ethylene polymer, Etileno alta densidad polímero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Hydroxyde de magnésium, Magnesium hydroxide, Magnesio hidróxido, Inflammabilité, Flammability, Inflamabilidad, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Propriété traction, Tensile property, Propiedad tracción, Retardateur flamme, Flame retardant, Retardador llama, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Stabilité thermique, Thermal stability, Estabilidad térmica, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

The modification of magnesium hydroxide (MH) with triethoxy vinyl silane (TVS) was carried out via three different methods and the results are discussed with respect to their effect on the flame retardant and the tensile properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites. Via a xylene suspension of MH and TVS, via a water suspension of MH and TVS, and via powder mixing of MH and TVS. It was found that in all three cases, Si—O—Mg bonds formed on the MH particles surface. Also, this silane modification induced a certain level of particle agglomeration, but without modifying their morphology or particle size. It was also found that the flame retardant properties of the HDPE nanocomposites did not improve because of the use of silane modified MH. During the flame retardant tests, all nanocomposites passed the UL-94-HB, but it was observed that the flame permanence time was longer when using modified MH. The tensile properties were negatively affected by the addition of unmodified MH; the nanocomposites became hard and brittle, with reduced flexibility. This negative effect was diminished when using silane modified MH.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. Psychologie, Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology, Industries agroalimentaires, Food industries, Généralités, General aspects, Manutention, stockage, conditionnement, transport, Handling, storage, packaging, transport, Amidon, Starch, Almidón, Argile organique, Organic clay, Arcilla orgánica, Biodégradabilité, Biodegradability, Biodegradabilidad, Composé de l'ammonium quaternaire, Quaternary ammonium compound, Amonio cuaternario compuesto, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Emballage, Packaging, Empaque, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Indice oxygène, Oxygen index, Indice oxígeno, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Oside polymère, Oside polymer, Osido polímero, Perméabilité gaz, Gas permeability, Permeabilidad gas, Produit alimentaire, Foodstuff, Producto alimenticio, Propriété biologique, Biological properties, Propiedad biológica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Propriété transport, Transport properties, Propiedad transporte, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

Starch/clay bionanocomposites were prepared by incorporation of varying concentrations of nanoclay (Cloisite® 30B) through solution blending. The chemical interaction of starch with clay was evidenced from ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The material was also characterized through X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy study. The bionanocomposites were found to be more thermally stable as revealed from thermogravimetric analysis. The fire retardancy of the bionanocomposites was investigated from limiting oxygen index measurement. The result showed improvement of this property with increase in clay loading. From the measurement of oxygen permeabilities, it was found that the oxygen barrier property of starch/clay (10%) was improved by more than three times compared to virgin starch. The biodegradability of the material combined with the above mentioned properties could make it applicable as food packaging material.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Bois feuillu, Hardwood, Madera de frondosas, Déchet bois, Wood waste, Desperdicio madera, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Glycérol, Glycerol, Glicerol, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Peuplier, Poplars, Propriété dynamomécanique, Dynamic mechanical properties, Propiedad dinamomecánica, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Propène polymère, Propylene polymer, Propeno polímero, Reprise humidité, Moisture regain, Reactivación humedad, Résistance choc, Impact strength, Resistencia choque, Résistance flexion, Bending strength, Resistencia flexión, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Traitement thermique, Heat treatment, Tratamiento térmico, and Farine bois

This study aimed to investigate the combination effect of glycerin treatment and thermal modification of wood flour on the physical, mechanical, thermal dynamic mechanical properties of wood flour/polypropylene (PP) composite. The morphological aspect was also investigated. The wood flour was first impregnated in the aqueous solution of glycerin, followed by heat treatment at 200°C for 1 h. Then the unmodified or modified wood flour was blended with PP at a weight ratio of 4:6 to prepare composites. Moisture adsorption experiment and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of wood flour demonstrated that the hygroscopicity and the free surface hydroxyl groups of wood flour decreased after glycerin-thermal modification. Thickness swelling of the 10% wt glycerin-thermally modified wood flour/PP composite was reduced by 42.8% after 96 h immersion as compared to unmodified control. Evaluation of mechanical properties in impact and flexure modes indicated that glycerin treatment alone had no significant effect, but the combination of glycerin and thermal treatment slightly decreased the strength, with the exception of 10% glycerin and heat modified sample. Dynamic mechanical analysis and scanning electron microscope illustrated the improved interfacial bonding between PP and wood flour modified by 10% glycerin and heat treatment.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Stratifiés, Laminates, Composite hybride, Hybrid composite, Compuesto híbrido, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre carbone, Carbon fiber, Fibra carbón, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Matériau aiguilleté, Needled material, Material cosado, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau fibre unidirectionnelle, Unidirectional fiber material, Material fibra unidireccional, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Matériau renforcé fibre, Fiber reinforced material, Material reforzado fibra, Moulage sous vide, Vacuum molding, Moldeo en vacío, Moulage transfert, Transfer molding, Moldeo por transferencia, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Nanofibre, Nanofiber, Nanofibra, Ouvrabilité, Processability, Laborabilidad, Perméabilité, Permeability, Permeabilidad, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété technologique, Technological properties, Propiedad tecnológica, Propriété transport, Transport properties, Propiedad transporte, Stratifié, Laminate, Estratificado, Tissu textile, Woven material, Tela textil, Tissu verre, Glass fiber fabric, Tela vidrio, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Vinylester résine, Vinyl ester resin, Resina vinilester, and Nanofibre carbone

The addition of nanoparticles to polymeric matrices has shown great promise for improving mechanical and thermal properties; however, this improvement comes with a decrease of processability. In this study, two different glass fabrics were used. One of them was Windstrand, a stitched equally-biaxial R-glass fabric the other was Advantex, a unidirectional glass fiber mat. Both of them are provided by Owens Corning. The mats were sprayed with carbon nanofibers (CNF) on both sides. Mechanical properties of composites manufactured via vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding were obtained. Permeability, as a measure of processability, of the sprayed glass mats was measured. Mechanical properties are improved, whereas permeability decreases with the addition of CNF.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Argile organique, Organic clay, Arcilla orgánica, Argile, Clay, Arcilla, Biodégradabilité, Biodegradability, Biodegradabilidad, Dégradation biologique, Biodegradation, Degradación biológica, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fungi, Lactique acide polymère, Lactic acid polymer, Láctico ácido polímero, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Montmorillonite, Montmorilonita, Mélange polymère, Polymer blends, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Polycondensation, Condensation polymerization, Policondensación, Polymère aliphatique, Aliphatic polymer, Polímero alifático, Propriété biologique, Biological properties, Propiedad biológica, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Propriété traction, Tensile property, Propiedad tracción, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Stabilité thermique, Thermal stability, Estabilidad térmica, Styrène polymère, Styrene polymer, Estireno polímero, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was synthesized using L-lactic acid by condensation polymerization. Polystyrene (PS) and surface modified montmorillonite (OMMT) was used for the preparation of PS:PLA composites and PS:PLA:OMMT nanocomposites. The composite materials prepared had varying amount of PLA (10―30%) and OMMT (0.5―5 phr). These composites were subjected to degradation in minimal medium using the fungi Aspergillus niger (A. niger) under controlled conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the growth of microorganism on the polymer surface and fracture within the polymer matrix as a result of degradation. Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR) was further used to determine the mechanism leading to biodegradation. It was found that the biodegradation of both PS:PLA and PS:PLA:OMMT took place mainly via break down and utilization of ester group, as can be seen from disappearance of absorption peak of ester group and simultaneous appearance of a typical IR absorption of microbial mass at 1450 cm―1. The thermal stability of PS:PLA:OMMT nanocomposites was found to increase with increasing concentration of OMMT, as observed from thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), while mechanical property was found to be decreased after degradation at 30% of PLA and 5 wt% of OMMT content. Change in extracellular protein content, biomass production and % degradation with respect to time (up to 28 days) were studied and correlated to evaluate the effectiveness of A. niger in biodegradation of the composites.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Effet mémoire forme, Shape memory effect, Efecto memoria forma, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre carbone, Carbon fiber, Fibra carbón, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Flexion, Bending, Flexión, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Nanofibre, Nanofiber, Nanofibra, Perte mécanique, Mechanical loss, Pérdida mecánica, Propriété dynamomécanique, Dynamic mechanical properties, Propiedad dinamomecánica, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Température transition vitreuse, Glass transition temperature, Temperatura transición vítrosa, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Nanofibre carbone, and Polymère mémoire forme

Silanized vapor-grown carbon nanofiber/epoxy (silanized-VGCNF/EP) shape memory polymer (SMP) nanocomposites are successfully fabricated by using a composite molding technology. The surface functionalization of VGCNF is performed using an acid treatment followed by a reaction with silane. The oxidation as well as silanization of VGCNF and silanized-VGCNF/EP nanocomposites are systematically and explicitly characterized using various analytical methods. The influence of the silane-functionalized VGCNF on the properties of VGCNF/EP nanocomposites is investigated using field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FE-SEM) and a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The shape memory properties of the silanized-VGCNF/EP nanocomposites are evaluated by a fold-deploy shape memory test. The results reveal that the silanized-VGCNF is preferably dispersed in the epoxy resin matrix. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature of silanized-VGCNF/EP nanocomposites is enhanced, and the shape memory properties of the silanized-VGCNF/EP nanocomposites are significantly improved.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Composite hybride, Hybrid composite, Compuesto híbrido, Conductivité thermique, Thermal conductivity, Conductividad térmica, Constante diélectrique, Permittivity, Constante dieléctrica, Céramique sans oxyde, Non oxide ceramics, Cerámica sin óxido, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Fibre verre, Glass fiber, Fibra vidrio, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Matériau renforcé fibre, Fiber reinforced material, Material reforzado fibra, Nitrure de silicium, Silicon nitride, Silicio nitruro, Perte diélectrique, Dielectric loss, Pérdida dieléctrica, Propriété diélectrique, Dielectric properties, Propiedad dieléctrica, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Résistance choc, Impact strength, Resistencia choque, Résistance flexion, Bending strength, Resistencia flexión, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

Silicon nitride/glass fiber (Si3N4/GF) hybrid fillers are performed to prepare the Si3N4/GF/epoxy composites. Results showed the thermal conductivities of the Si3N4/GF/epoxy composites that are improved with the addition of Si3N4, and the thermal conductive coefficient λ is 1.412 W/mK with 38 vol% modified Si3N4/GF hybrid fillers (30 vol% Si3N4 + 8 vol% GF), seven times higher than that of pure epoxy resin. The flexural strength and impact strength of the composites are optimal with 13 vol% modified Si3N4/GF hybrid fillers (5 vol% Si3N4 + 8 vol% GF). The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composites are increased with the increasing addition of Si3N4. For a given Si3N4/GF hybrid fillers loading, the surface modification can further improve the thermal conductivities of the Si3N4/ GF/epoxy composites.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Conductivité électrique, Electrical conductivity, Conductividad eléctrica, Effet température, Temperature effect, Efecto temperatura, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau conducteur, Conducting material, Material conductor, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Mullite, Mullita, Mécanisme réaction, Reaction mechanism, Mecanismo reacción, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Polymère aromatique, Aromatic polymer, Polímero aromático, Polymère conducteur, Conducting polymers, Polymère greffé, Graft polymers, Polymérisation oxydante, Oxidative polymerization, Polimerizacion oxidante, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Propriété électrique, Electrical properties, Propiedad eléctrica, Propriété électrochimique, Electrochemical properties, Propiedad electroquímica, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Pyrrole polymère, Pyrrole polymer, Pirrol polímero, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Stabilité thermique, Thermal stability, Estabilidad térmica, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

After mullite fibers particles (MFPs) were surface modified, conductive polypyrrole (PPy) layer was chemically grafted on the surface of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) coated MFPs, via in situ surface-initiated polymerization, resulting in SAM-MFPs/PPy composites. The composites possess high electrical conductivity at room temperature, weakly temperature dependence of the conductivity. The nanocomposite electrochemical properties displayed nearly symmetric charge-discharge characteristics and an ideal rectangular cyclic voltammogram. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the main peaks of SAM-MFPs/PPy composites are similar to the SAM-MFPs, which reveal that the crystal structure of SAM-MFPs is well-maintained after the coating process under polymerization reaction conditions and exhibit semicrystalline behavior. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the thermal stability of SAM-MFPs/PPy composites was enhanced and these can be attributed to the retardation effect of amine functionalized MFPs as barriers for the degradation of PPy. The morphology of SAM-MFPs/PPy composites showed the coaxial fibrous structure.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences medicales, Medical sciences, Chirurgie (generalites). Transplantations, greffes d'organes et de tissus. Pathologie des greffons, Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases, Technologie. Biomatériaux. Equipements, Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments, Biomatériau, Biomaterial, Chitosane, Chitosan, Quitosano, Dérivé du chitosane, Chitosan derivatives, Quitosano derivado, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Irradiation hyperfréquence, Microwave irradiation, Irradiación hiperfrecuencia, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Modification chimique, Chemical modification, Modificación química, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Méthacrylique acide ester, Methacrylic acid esters, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Nanotube carbone, Carbon nanotubes, Nanotube multifeuillets, Multiwalled nanotube, Oside polymère, Oside polymer, Osido polímero, Polymère greffé, Graft polymers, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Stabilité thermique, Thermal stability, Estabilidad térmica, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Chitosane(hydroxyéthyl), and Nanotube carbone fonctionnalisé

Surface of chitosan (CS) functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was modified by using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomers and the composites were synthesized under microwave irradiation. In this approach, multiwalled carbon nanotubes were functionalized with HEMA and CS in two steps. Firstly, CS was grafted onto the surface and side wall of carbon nanotubes by using microwave irradiation. At the second step, HEMA monomers were grafted onto the polymeric matrix surface. The modified surface of CS functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube composites are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, Transmission electron microscopic and scanning electron microscopic images show the morphological changes of the carbon nanotubes. Thermal gravimetric analysis shows content of HEMA―CS functionalized MWCNTs in the composites. Dispersibility of pristine MWCNTs was compared with dispersibility of resultant composites in aqueous phase as well. Results show that composites have higher dispersibility in aqueous phase. Considering the biomedical importance of HEMA monomers and CS polymer, in future, these materials are expected to be useful in the pharmaceutical industry as novel biomaterials composites with potential applications in drug delivery.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Absorption hyperfréquence, Microwave absorption, Absorción hiperfrecuencia, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Caoutchouc thermoplastique, Thermoplastic rubber, Caucho termoplástico, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fer Carbonyle Complexe, Iron Carbonyl Complexes, Hierro Carbonilo Complejo, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété rhéologique, Rheological properties, Propiedad reológica, Propriété traction, Tensile property, Propiedad tracción, Résistance déchirement, Tear strength, Resistencia a la desgarradura, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Uréthanne élastomère, Polyurethane elastomer, Uretano elastómero, Viscosité, Viscosity, Viscosidad, Vulcanisat, Vulcanizate, Vulcanizado, and Vulcanisat thermoplastique

A microwave absorbing patch (MAP) was prepared by compounding millable polyurethane elastomer (MPU) and carbonyl iron powder (CIP). Surfaces of CIP were modified using silane coupling agents (SCA). The effects of different types and amounts of SCA, the amount of vulcanizing agent and the amount of CIP on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. SCA was found to improve the interface compatibility between MPU and CIP and also reinforced the mechanical properties of MAP. The KH550 was the best modifier, and the optimal dosage of KH550 was 2% of the mass of CIP based on a comparison of tensile properties. The optimal dosage of the vulcanizing agent DDPH was 3% of the mass of MPU. However, a large number of CIP could be filled into MPU. The maximum filling content of CIP increased with the increasing Mooney viscosity of MPU, and the maximum filling content of CIP was 1200% of the mass of MPU. The electromagnetic parameters and reflection loss of MPU absorbers and MPU filled with CIP absorbers were measured in the 1-18 GHz frequency range. The absorbers of MPU filled with CIP had excellent microwave absorbing properties compared with the absorbers of MPU.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Copolymère greffé, Graft copolymer, Copolímero injertado, Cristallisation état fondu, Melt crystallization, Cristalización estado fundido, Dureté, Hardness, Dureza, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Greffage, Grafting, Injerto, Lactone copolymère, Lactone copolymer, Lactona copolímero, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Module élasticité, Elastic modulus, Módulo elasticidad, Molécule polyédrique, Polyhedral molecule, Molécula poliédrica, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Oligomère, Oligomer, Oligómero, Polymérisation ouverture cycle, Ring opening polymerization, Polimerización abertura ciclo, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Relation structure propriété, Property structure relationship, Relación estructura propiedad, Silsesquioxane copolymère, Silsesquioxane copolymer, Silsesquioxano copolímero, Silsesquioxane polymère, Silsesquioxane polymer, Silsesquioxano polímero, Stabilité thermique, Thermal stability, Estabilidad térmica, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Graphène oxyde, Lactide copolymère, and Nanofeuillet

We report the effect of filler modification on the properties of polylactide (PLA)-based nanocomposites, where graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanocages are employed as nanofillers. The organically treated nanofillers are termed as GO-functionalized and POSS-functionalized. The synthesis of the nanocomposites was carried out via in situ ring-opening polymerization of lactic acid (LA). The following four naocomposite systems were prepared, characterized, and compared to achieve a better understanding of structure-property relationship (1) PLA/GO-functionalized, (2) PLA/POSS-functionalized, (3) PLA/physical mixture of GO-functionalized and POSS-functionalized, and (4) PLA/GO-graft-POSS (with eight hydroxyl groups). As revealed by the thermal and mechanical (nanoindendation) characterization, that the nanocomposites having a combination of GO and POSS as nanofiller, either as physical mixture of GO-functionalized and POSS-functionalized or as GO-graft-POSS, is far more superior as compared with the nanocomposites having individually dispersed nanofillers in the PLA matrix. Observed enhancement is attributing to the synergistic effect of the nanofillers as well as better dispersion of the modified-fillers in the matrix.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Agent accrochage, Coupling agent, Agente enganche, Argile, Clay, Arcilla, Cristallinité, Crystallinity, Cristalinidad, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Energie activation, Activation energy, Energía activación, Ester polymère, Ester polymer, Ester polímero, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Nanotube, Nanotubo, Polymère aliphatique, Aliphatic polymer, Polímero alifático, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Silane organique, Organic silane, Silano orgánico, Stabilité thermique, Thermal stability, Estabilidad térmica, Succinate polymère, Polysuccinate, Succinato polímero, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Butène succinate polymère, and Halloysite

Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/halloysite nanotube (HNT) nanocomposites were fabricated by melt compounding. The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscopy and the results showed that the HNT dispersed uniformly in the PBS matrix. The thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the addition of HNT decreased the decomposition temperature and activation energy, and thus accelerated the thermal degradation of PBS. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that HNT could serve as nucleating agent for the PBS, and thus increased its crystallization temperature and crystallinity. However, it was demonstrated by the X-ray diffractometry spectra that the incorporation of HNT did not affect the crystal form of PBS. Mechanical tests in flexure, tension, and notched Izod impact demonstrated that the strength and modulus of nanocomposites were increased by the addition of HNT without significant loss of ductility.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Composite hybride, Hybrid composite, Compuesto híbrido, Conductivité électrique, Electrical conductivity, Conductividad eléctrica, Ecran électromagnétique, Electromagnetic shielding, Pantalla electromagnética, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Fibre naturelle, Natural fiber, Fibra natural, Fibre revêtue, Coated fiber, Fibra revestida, Fibre végétale, Plant fiber, Fibra vegetal, Graphite, Grafito, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Noir carbone, Carbon black, Carbón negro, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Propriété électrique, Electrical properties, Propiedad eléctrica, Propène polymère, Propylene polymer, Propeno polímero, Sisal, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, and Graphite expansé

The technology of steam explosion was adopted to modify sisal fiber (SF) material and two different carbon particles, expanded graphite and conductive carbon black (CCB), were in situ coated on the surface of SF during steam explosion process. The DC conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (SE) of the modified SF/polypropylene (PP) composites were studied and the measurement of electromagnetic interference (EMI) SE was conducted in two frequency ranges of 400-1,000 MHz and 1-18 GHz. The experimental results showed that this novel coating technology could improve the SE of the modified SF/PP composites significantly, which has a strong dependence on the loadings of the expanded graphite modified sisal fiber (SF-EG) and conductive carbon black modified sisal fiber (SF-CCB). When the loadings of SF-EG and SF-CCB reached 50 wt%, the maximum values of the SE were 33 dB and 51 dB, respectively. For the modified SF/PP composites, the experimental EMI SE values are in good correlation with the theoretical calculation values in far field of electromagnetic radiation.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Composite hybride, Hybrid composite, Compuesto híbrido, Conductivité thermique, Thermal conductivity, Conductividad térmica, Constante diélectrique, Permittivity, Constante dieléctrica, Céramique sans oxyde, Non oxide ceramics, Cerámica sin óxido, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Epoxyde résine, Epoxy resin, Epóxido resina, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre minérale, Mineral fiber, Fibra inorgánica, Fibre verre, Glass fiber, Fibra vidrio, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Nitrure d'aluminium, Aluminium nitride, Aluminio nitruro, Perte diélectrique, Dielectric loss, Pérdida dieléctrica, Propriété diélectrique, Dielectric properties, Propiedad dieléctrica, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Résistance choc, Impact strength, Resistencia choque, Résistance flexion, Bending strength, Resistencia flexión, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

The treated hybrid fillers of aluminum nitride/glass fibers (AIN/GF) were performed to prepare the AIN/GF/epoxy composites by casting method. Results showed that the flexural and impact strength of the composites were increased firstly, but decreased with the excessive addition of AIN. The mechanical properties were optimal with 5 wt% treated AIN. The thermal conductivities of the composites were improved with the increasing content of AIN, and the thermal conductive coefficient λ was 1.412 W/mK with 70 wt% treated AIN, about seven times higher than that of pure epoxy resin. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composites were increased with the increasing content of AIN. For a given AIN/GF hybrid fillers loading, the surface treatment of AIN/GF hybrid fillers exhibited a positive effect on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivities of the composites.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Acide stéarique, Stearic acid, Esteárico ácido, Argile, Clay, Arcilla, Cristallinité, Crystallinity, Cristalinidad, Cristallisation état fondu, Melt crystallization, Cristalización estado fundido, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Extrusion, Extrusión, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Montmorillonite, Montmorilonita, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Propriété traction, Tensile property, Propiedad tracción, Propène polymère, Propylene polymer, Propeno polímero, Résistance choc, Impact strength, Resistencia choque, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

The effects of stearic acid treatment on the crystallization, morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP)/montmorillonite (Mm) nanocomposites were investigated. Stearic acid was used as a new surface modifier for Mm, and also small amounts of this acid were used as a new interface modifier. Nanocomposites containing 1.5, 2.5, 5, and 10% in weight of the unmodified and modified Mm were prepared by melt blending. The tensile and impact properties of nanocomposites were evaluated. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction was used to study both the generated PP β crystals and the dispersion state of the nanocomposites. Differential scanning calorimeter was used to detect the melting and crystallization behavior of the samples. The toughness of some nanocomposites was higher than the pure PP. β phase of PP was observed with the addition of Mm. Stearic acid favored the dispersion of the nanocomposites when used as interface modifier. Nanocomposites with better dispersion exhibited crystallization temperatures similar to pure PP.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Stratifiés, Laminates, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Fibre naturelle, Natural fiber, Fibra natural, Fibre synthétique, Synthetic fiber, Fibra sintética, Fibre végétale, Plant fiber, Fibra vegetal, Jute, Yute, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé fibre, Fiber reinforced material, Material reforzado fibra, Mercerisation, Mercerization, Mercerización, Mode empilement, Stacking sequence, Modo apilamiento, Module élasticité, Elastic modulus, Módulo elasticidad, Modèle mécanique, Mechanical model, Modelo mecánico, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Non tissé, Non woven material, Material non tejido, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propène polymère, Propylene polymer, Propeno polímero, Relation mise en oeuvre propriété, Property processing relationship, Relación puesta en marcha propiedad, Renforcement mécanique, Strengthening, Refuerzo mecánico, Résistance flexion, Bending strength, Resistencia flexión, Simulation numérique, Numerical simulation, Simulación numérica, Stratifié, Laminate, Estratificado, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, and Tratamiento superficie

In this study, the jute/polypropylene nonwoven reinforced composites were prepared using film stacking method. The surface of jute fibers was modified using alkali treatment. These alkali treated jute fiber nonwoven composites were analyzed for their tensile and flexural properties. Increasing the amount of jute fibers in the nonwovens has improved the mechanical properties of their composites. The effect of stacking sequence of preferentially and nonpreferentially aligned nonwovens within the composites was also investigated. The flexural and tensile moduli of composites were found to be significantly enhanced when nonwovens consisting of preferentially and nonpreferentially aligned jute fibers were stacked in an alternate manner. The existing theoretical models of tensile modulus of fiber reinforced composites have been analyzed for predicting the tensile modulus of nonwoven composites. In general, a good agreement was obtained between the experimental and theoretical results of tensile modulus of nonwoven composites.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Agent nucléant, Nucleating agent, Agente germinación, Amide 6 polymère, Amide 6 polymer, Amida 6 polímero, Cinétique, Kinetics, Cinética, Cristallisation état fondu, Melt crystallization, Cristalización estado fundido, Diisocyanate organique, Organic diisocyanate, Diisocianato orgánico, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Polymère aliphatique, Aliphatic polymer, Polímero alifático, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Résistance choc, Impact strength, Resistencia choque, Résistance traction, Tensile strength, Resistencia tracción, Titane IV Oxyde, Titanium IV Oxides, Titanio IV Óxido, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, and Cristallisation non isotherme

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were pretreated with excessive toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) to synthesize TDI-functionalized TiO2 (TiO2-NCO), and then polymeric nanocomposites consisting of polyamide 6 (PA6) and functionalized-TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared via a melt compounding method. The interfacial interaction between TiO2 nanoparticles and polymeric matrix has been greatly improved due to the isocyanate (—NCO) groups at the surface of the functionalized-TiO2 nanoparticles reacted with amino groups (—NH2) or carboxyl (—COOH) groups of PA6 during the melt compounding and resulted in higher tensile and impact strength than that of pure PA6. The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PA6/functionalized TiO2 nanocomposites was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The nonisothermal crystallization DSC data were analyzed by the modified-Avrami (Jeziorny) methods. The results showed that the functionalized-TiO2 nanoparticles in the PA6 matrix acted as effective nucleation agents. The crystallization rate of the nanocomposites obtained was faster than that of the pure PA6. Thus, the presence of functionalized-TiO2 nanoparticles influenced the mechanism of nucleation and accelerated the growth of PA6 crystallites.

Polymers, paint and wood industries, Polymères, industries des peintures et bois, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Industrie des polymeres, peintures, bois, Polymer industry, paints, wood, Technologie des polymères, Technology of polymers, Formes d'application et semiproduits, Forms of application and semi-finished materials, Matériaux composites, Composites, Acide isophtalique, Isophthalic acid, Isoftalato ácido, Carbonate de calcium, Calcium carbonate, Calcio carbonato, Coquille oeuf, Egg shell, Cascarón huevo, Effet concentration, Concentration effect, Efecto concentración, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Matériau renforcé dispersion, Dispersion reinforced material, Material renforzado dispersión, Module élasticité, Elastic modulus, Módulo elasticidad, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Oléfine polymère, Olefin polymer, Olefina polímero, Propriété mécanique, Mechanical properties, Propiedad mecánica, Propriété thermique, Thermal properties, Propiedad térmica, Propène polymère, Propylene polymer, Propeno polímero, Résistance choc, Impact strength, Resistencia choque, Résistance traction, Tensile strength, Resistencia tracción, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, and Module flexion

This article reports the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of polypropylene (PP)-chicken eggshell (ES) composites. Mechanical properties like tensile strength, tensile modulus, izod impact strength, flexural modulus of PP composites with normal (unmodified) eggshell and chemically treated ES [modified ES (MES) with isophthalic acid] have been investigated. PP-calcium carbonate (CaCO3) composites, at the same filler loadings, were also prepared and used as reference. The results showed that PP composites with chemically MES had better mechanical properties compared to the unmodified ES and CaCO3 composites. An increase of about 3-18% in tensile modulus, 4-44% in izod impact strength and 1.5-26% in flexural modulus at different filler loading was observed in MES composites as compared to unmodified ES composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of fractured tensile specimens confirmed better interfacial adhesion of MES with polymer matrix resulting into lower voids and plastic deformation resulting in improved mechanicals of the composites. TEM micrographs showed acicular needle shaped morphology for modified ES and have contributed to better dispersion which is the prime reason for enhancement of all the mechanical properties. At higher filler loading, the modulus of MES composite was found to be higher by 5% as compared to commercial CaCO3 composites.