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General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. Psychologie, Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology, Biophysique moleculaire, Molecular biophysics, Chimie physique en biologie, Physical chemistry in biology, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Acetobacteraceae, Bactérie, Bacteria, Enzyme, Enzima, Oxidoreductases, Bioélectrochimie, Bioelectrochemistry, Bioelectroquímica, Catalyse enzymatique, Enzymatic catalysis, Catálisis enzimática, Cétose, Ketose, Cetosa, Electrocatalyse, Electrocatalysis, Electrocatálisis, Fructose 5-dehydrogenase, Fructose, Fructosa, Gluconobacter, Hème, Heme, Mécanisme réaction, Reaction mechanism, Mecanismo reacción, Origine microbienne, Microbial origin, Origen microbiano, Oxydation, Oxidation, Oxidación, Porphyrine métallique, Metalloporphyrin, Porfirina metálica, Spectroélectrochimie, Spectroelectrochemistry, Espectroelectroquímica, Transfert électron, Electron transfer, Transferencia electrón, Bioelectrocatalysis, Direct electron transfer, Electron transfer pathway, Fructose dehydrogenase, and Heme C

A heterotrimeric membrane-bound fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) complex from Gluconobacter japonicus NBRC3260 catalyzes oxidation of D-fructose into 2-keto-D-fructose and is one of typical enzymes allowing a direct electron transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalysis. Subunits I and II have a covalently bound flavin adenine dinucleotide and three heme C moieties, respectively. We have constructed subunit I/III subcomplex (ΔcFDH) lacking of the heme C subunit. ΔcFDH catalyzes the oxidation of D-fructose with several artificial electron acceptors, but loses the DET ability. The formal potentials (E°ʹ) of the three heme C moieties of FDH have been determined to be -10 ± 4, 60 ± 8 and 150 ± 4 mV (vs. Ag|AgCl|sat. KCl) at pH 5.0, while the onset potential of FDH-catalyzed DET-type bioelectrocatalytic wave is -100 mV. Judging from these results, we conclude that FDH communicates electrochemically with electrodes via the heme C, and discuss the pathway of the electron transfer in the catalytic process.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Energie, Energy, Energie. Utilisation thermique des combustibles, Energy. Thermal use of fuels, Appareils de production et de conversion d'énergie: énergie thermique, énergie électrique, énergie mécanique, etc, Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc, Piles à combustible, Fuel cells, Activité catalytique, Catalyst activity, Actividad catalítica, Effet bord, Edge effect, Efecto borde, Electrocatalyse, Electrocatalysis, Electrocatálisis, Microscopie électronique transmission, Transmission electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica transmisión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanotube carbone, Carbon nanotubes, Oxygène, Oxygen, Oxígeno, Performance, Rendimiento, Pile combustible, Fuel cell, Pila combustión, Réduction chimique, Chemical reduction, Reducción química, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Carbon catalysis, Edge carbon atoms, Fuel cells, and Oxygen reduction reaction

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been investigated on fish-bone carbon nanotubes (F-CNTs) and parallel carbon nanotubes (P-CNTs). The results showed that the F-CNTs exhibited much higher activity than P-CNTs, which originated from the higher fraction of edge carbon atoms. The dependence of ORR peak potential on the fraction of edge carbon atoms was determined quantitatively for the first time. The density functional theory calculations clearly unveiled the mechanism of edge carbon atoms facilitating the ORR performance.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Cinétique et mécanisme des réactions, Kinetics and mechanism of reactions, Métal transition, Transition metal, Metal transición, Composé organique, Organic compounds, Compuesto orgánico, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Ethane-1,2-diol, Ethylene glycol, 1,2-Etanodiol, Glycol, Glicol, In situ, Monocristal, Single crystal, Orientation cristalline, Crystal orientation, Orientación cristalina, Oxydation, Oxidation, Oxidación, Platine, Platinum, Platino, Solution acide, Acidic solution, Solución ácida, Solution aqueuse, Aqueous solution, Solución acuosa, Spectrométrie IR, Infrared spectrometry, Espectrometría IR, Spectroélectrochimie, Spectroelectrochemistry, Espectroelectroquímica, Surface vicinale, Vicinal surface, Transformation Fourier, Fourier transformation, Transformación Fourier, FT IR, In situ FTIR, Platinum single crystal electrodes, and Stepped surfaces

Ethylene glycol (EG) oxidation has been studied on Pt(111) and its vicinal surfaces in acidic media by cyclic voltammetry and infrared spectroscopy. Even at Pt(111) the C ― C bond is readily broken and CO is formed at low potentials. Both types of steps catalyze the EG oxidation to CO2, being the {110} steps the most catalytic for the splitting of the C ― C bond. Spectroscopic results show that glycolic acid and oxalic acid are produced mainly at the close-packed terraces.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Etude des interfaces, Study of interfaces, Dépôt électrolytique, Electrodeposition, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electrotechnique. Electroenergetique, Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering, Matériel électrique divers, Various equipment and components, Condensateurs. Résistances. Filtres, Capacitors. Resistors. Filters, Métal transition, Transition metal, Metal transición, Capacité spécifique, Specific capacity, Capacidad específica, Caractéristique électrique, Electrical characteristic, Característica eléctrica, Condensateur électrochimique, Electrolytic capacitor, Condensador electroquímico, Cycle charge décharge, Discharge charge cycle, Ciclo carga descarga, Dépôt électrolytique, Electrodeposition, Depósito electrolítico, Electrode couche mince, Thin layer electrode, Electrodo capa fina, Matériau modifié, Modified material, Material modificado, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Microscopie électronique transmission, Transmission electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica transmisión, Molybdène Oxyde, Molybdenum Oxides, Molibdeno Óxido, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanobâtonnet, Nanorod, Nanopalito, Nanostructure, Nanoestructura, Réaction électrochimique, Electrochemical reaction, Reacción electroquímica, Structure coeur couche, Core shell structure, Estructura núcleo cascarón, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Supercondensateur, Supercapacitor, Supercondensador, Titane, Titanium, Titanio, Micro-supercapacitor, Molybdenum oxide, Oblique angle deposition, and Ti nanorod array

Ti@MoOx core-shell nanorod arrays with diameters within 100 nm were fabricated by electrodepositing MoOx on a Ti nanorod array prepared by oblique angle deposition. A high areal capacitance of 27 mF cm-2 and satisfactory cycling stability were obtained. After post-annealing, MoO2 grains were introduced to enhance the rate capability, suggesting a potential pseudocapacitive micro-electrode.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Electrodes: préparations et propriétés, Electrodes: preparations and properties, Autres électrodes, Other electrodes, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Energie, Energy, Energie. Utilisation thermique des combustibles, Energy. Thermal use of fuels, Appareils de production et de conversion d'énergie: énergie thermique, énergie électrique, énergie mécanique, etc, Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc, Piles à combustible, Fuel cells, Alliage binaire, Binary alloy, Aleación binaria, Argent alliage, Silver alloy, Plata aleación, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Diffraction RX, X ray diffraction, Difracción RX, Electrocatalyse, Electrocatalysis, Electrocatálisis, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Etat vitreux, Glassy state, Estado vitreo, Ethanol, Etanol, Matériau modifié, Modified material, Material modificado, Matériau poreux, Porous material, Material poroso, Microscopie électronique transmission, Transmission electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica transmisión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanoparticule, Nanoparticle, Nanopartícula, Oxydation, Oxidation, Oxidación, Palladium alliage, Palladium alloy, Paladio aleación, Pile combustible alcool, Alcohol fuel cells, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Réaction électrochimique, Electrochemical reaction, Reacción electroquímica, Solution basique, Basic solution, Solución básica, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Champ sombre annulaire à grand angle, Angle annular dark field, Bimetallic, Electrocatalytic activity, Flower-shaped, Palladium, Porous, and Silver

A facile synthesis of PdAg alloyed bimetallic nanocrystals with flower-shaped porous morphology is demonstrated. The whole synthetic process is very simple just by mixing palladium nitrate, silver nitrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydroquinone and heated at 70 °C for 15 min. The prepared flower-shaped porous PdAg nanoparticles exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity toward ethanol electrooxidation in alkaline condition, and the catalytic performance could be easily tuned by the Pd/Ag ratio.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electrotechnique. Electroenergetique, Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering, Electroénergétique, Electrical power engineering, Conversion directe et accumulation d'énergie, Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation, Conversion électrochimique: piles et accumulateurs électrochimiques, piles à combustibles, Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells, Accumulateur électrochimique, Secondary cell, Acumulador electroquímico, Alliage binaire, Binary alloy, Aleación binaria, Antimoine alliage, Antimony alloy, Antimonio aleación, Caractéristique électrique, Electrical characteristic, Característica eléctrica, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Carbonisation, Carbonization, Carbonización, Cyclage, Cycling, Ciclaje, Cycle charge décharge, Discharge charge cycle, Ciclo carga descarga, Diffraction RX, X ray diffraction, Difracción RX, Diffraction électron sélection aire, SAED, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Electrofilage, Electrospinning, Electrohilado, Etain IV Oxyde, Tin IV Oxides, Estaño IV Óxido, Etain alliage, Tin alloy, Estaño aleación, Etain, Tin, Estaño, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Microscopie électronique transmission, Transmission electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica transmisión, Microscopie émission champ, Field emission microscopy, Microscopía emisión campo, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanocomposite, Nanocompuesto, Nanofibre, Nanofiber, Nanofibra, Nanoparticule, Nanoparticle, Nanopartícula, Nanostructure, Nanoestructura, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Spectrométrie RX dispersion énergie, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Espectrometría RX dispersión energía, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Batterie lithium ion, Lithium ion batteries, Batterie sodium ion, Sodium-ion battery, Champ sombre annulaire à grand angle, Angle annular dark field, Lithium-ion batteries, SnSb, and Sodium-ion batteries

We fabricated Sn-Sb-carbon (SSC)-based hybrid nanocomposite fibers by electrospinning and carbonization. These SSC fibers which are multiphase SnSb nanoparticles on SnO2/Sn/C nanofibers exhibited enhanced electrochemical performances. Their favorable Li- and Na-storage capacities could be attributed to the synergistic effects of zero-dimensional and one-dimensional hybrid structures offering improved electric conductivity and large surface area.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Electrodes: préparations et propriétés, Electrodes: preparations and properties, Autres électrodes, Other electrodes, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Energie, Energy, Energie. Utilisation thermique des combustibles, Energy. Thermal use of fuels, Appareils de production et de conversion d'énergie: énergie thermique, énergie électrique, énergie mécanique, etc, Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc, Piles à combustible, Fuel cells, Métal transition, Transition metal, Metal transición, Aire superficielle, Surface area, Area superficial, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Cinétique, Kinetics, Cinética, Cobalt, Cobalto, Composé minéral, Inorganic compound, Compuesto inorgánico, Diffraction RX, X ray diffraction, Difracción RX, Diffraction électron sélection aire, SAED, Dimension pore, Pore size, Dimensión poro, Dopage, Doping, Electrocatalyse, Electrocatalysis, Electrocatálisis, Electrode disque tournant, Rotating disk electrode, Electrodo disco giratorio, Matériau dopé, Doped materials, Matériau poreux, Porous material, Material poroso, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Microscopie électronique transmission, Transmission electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica transmisión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Mésoporosité, Mesoporosity, Mesoporosidad, Oxygène, Oxygen, Oxígeno, Phosphore, Phosphorus, Fósforo, Pile combustible, Fuel cell, Pila combustión, Porosité, Porosity, Porosidad, Propriété physicochimique, Physicochemical properties, Propiedad fisicoquímica, Propriété surface, Surface properties, Propiedad superficie, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Rayon X, X ray, Rayos X, Réduction chimique, Chemical reduction, Reducción química, Spectrométrie Raman, Raman spectrometry, Espectrometría Raman, Spectrométrie photoélectron, Photoelectron spectrometry, Espectrometría fotoelectrón, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Agent structurant, Template, Electrocatalyst, Mesoporous carbon, Oxygen reduction reaction, Phosphorus and Co co-doping, and Soft template

Phosphorus and Co co-doped mesoporous carbon (P-Co-MC) has been prepared using a soft template. The P-Co-MC exhibits high catalytic activity comparable to commercial Pt/C and long-term stability for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in basic media. The high activity of P-Co-MC for the ORR is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of P and Co doping in carbon.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Energie, Energy, Energie. Utilisation thermique des combustibles, Energy. Thermal use of fuels, Appareils de production et de conversion d'énergie: énergie thermique, énergie électrique, énergie mécanique, etc, Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc, Piles à combustible, Fuel cells, Activité catalytique, Catalyst activity, Actividad catalítica, Anode, Anodo, Baryum Oxyde, Barium Oxides, Bario Óxido, Composé n éléments, Multi-element compound, Compuesto n elementos, Cérium Oxyde, Cerium Oxides, Cerio Óxido, Diffraction RX, X ray diffraction, Difracción RX, Electrocatalyse, Electrocatalysis, Electrocatálisis, Hydrogène, Hydrogen, Hidrógeno, Lanthane Oxyde, Lanthanum Oxides, Lantano Óxido, Matériau dopé, Doped materials, Matériau électrode, Electrode material, Material electrodo, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Oxydation, Oxidation, Oxidación, Perovskites, Perovskite type compound, Perovskitas, Pile combustible oxyde solide, Solid oxide fuel cell, Pila combustible oxido sólido, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Réaction électrochimique, Electrochemical reaction, Reacción electroquímica, Spectrométrie impédance électrochimique, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Strontium Oxyde, Strontium Oxides, Estroncio Óxido, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Titane Oxyde, Titanium Oxides, Titanio Óxido, Anode catalyst, Ce-doped La0.4Sr0.5Ba0.1TiO3-6, Rheological phase reaction, and Solid oxide fuel cells

Ce-doped La0.4Sr0.5Ba0.1TiO3-8 (LCSBT) perovskite anode catalysts in solid oxide fuel cells were successfully synthesized by a modified rheological phase reaction for the first time. Pure LCSBT could be obtained under a reducing atmosphere and nano-CeO2 particles could be exsoluted from LCSBT after being sintered in air. The catalytic activity and electrochemical performance of LCSBT anodes for the H2 oxidation were obviously improved comparing with the pure La0.4Sr0.5Ba0.1TiO3-δ (LSBT) and LSBT&CeO2 admixture anodes. The improved performance could be attributed to the nanostructure of LCSBT and the exsoluted nano-CeO2 particles.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. Psychologie, Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology, Biophysique moleculaire, Molecular biophysics, Chimie physique en biologie, Physical chemistry in biology, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Agent surface cationique, Cationic surfactant, Agente superficie catiónico, Anode, Anodo, Biofilm, Bioélectrochimie, Bioelectrochemistry, Bioelectroquímica, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Catalyse enzymatique, Enzymatic catalysis, Catálisis enzimática, Electrocatalyse, Electrocatalysis, Electrocatálisis, Electrode microorganisme, Microbial electrode, Electrodo microorganismo, Formation, Formación, Matériau modifié, Modified material, Material modificado, Matériau électrode, Electrode material, Material electrodo, Microorganisme immobilisé, Entrapped microorganism, Microorganismo inmovilizado, Traitement surface, Surface treatment, Tratamiento superficie, Ammonium(hexadécyl triméthyl) bromure, Bioelectrochemical systems, Biofilm formation, Carbon felt, Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, Surface modification, and Surfactant

This study reports a simple and effective method to make carbon felt surface hydrophilic and positively-charged by means of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) soaking. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry indicated that CTAB could form a surfactant layer on carbon felt surface with the polar heads exposing outwardly. In an acetate-fed bioanode, the start-up time of current production and the time to reach stable current output at the CTAB-treated felt anodes were 36.1% and 49.4% shorter than the untreated anodes, respectively. Moreover, the maximum current output with these treated electrodes was 23.8% higher than the untreated counterparts. These results indicate that the CTAB treatment of carbon felt accelerates the anodic biofilm formation and enhances current output of BESs.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Energie, Energy, Energie. Utilisation thermique des combustibles, Energy. Thermal use of fuels, Appareils de production et de conversion d'énergie: énergie thermique, énergie électrique, énergie mécanique, etc, Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc, Piles à combustible, Fuel cells, Enzyme, Enzima, Oxidoreductases, Caractéristique électrique, Electrical characteristic, Característica eléctrica, Electrode enzyme, Enzyme electrode, Electrodo enzima, Enzyme immobilisée, Immobilized enzyme, Enzima inmovilizada, Glucose oxidase, Glucose, Glucosa, Laccase, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanotube carbone, Carbon nanotubes, Nanotube monofeuillet, Singlewalled nanotube, Nanotubo pared única, Pile combustible biochimique, Biochemical fuel cell, Pila combustible bioquímica, Puissance volumique, Power density, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Transfert électron, Electron transfer, Transferencia electrón, Biofuel cell, Direct electron transfer, and Energy

A direct electron transfer biofuel cell consisting of a pair of single walled carbon nanotubes and enzymes on a single plane is reported, which allows for extremely close spacing of electrodes. The discrete device has a measured power and current density of 18 mW/cm2 and 90 mA/cm2, respectively, into 200 TΩ. Analysis of measurements from up to 3 million devices in parallel shows that the performance will improve by at least 2 orders of magnitude at peak power.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. Psychologie, Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology, Biophysique moleculaire, Molecular biophysics, Chimie physique en biologie, Physical chemistry in biology, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Acrylamide dérivé copolymère, Acrylamide derivative copolymer, Acrilamida derivado copolímero, Bioélectrochimie, Bioelectrochemistry, Bioelectroquímica, Condition opératoire, Operating conditions, Condición operatoria, Copolymère réticulé, Crosslinked copolymer, Copolímero reticulado, DNA, Effet température, Temperature effect, Efecto temperatura, Guanine, Guanina, Matériau composite, Composite material, Material compuesto, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Onde carrée, Square wave, Onda cuadrada, Oxydation, Oxidation, Oxidación, Préparation, Preparation, Preparación, Réaction électrochimique, Electrochemical reaction, Reacción electroquímica, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Transition conformation, Conformational transition, Transición conformaciónal, Transition phase, Phase transitions, Transición fase, Voltammétrie, Voltammetry, Voltametría, DNA electrooxidation, PNIPA composites, Square-wave voltammetry, Switchable system, and Thermoresponsiveness

Nanostructured DNA/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) PNIPA composites were synthesized. DNA was noncovalently entrapped. A strongly enhanced electrooxidation current of DNA guanine was obtained due to cooperation of two temperature switchable effects: the volume phase transition of composites and conformational transition of DNA structure.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Electrodes: préparations et propriétés, Electrodes: preparations and properties, Autres électrodes, Other electrodes, Chimie analytique, Analytical chemistry, Méthodes électrochimiques, Electrochemical methods, Analyse chimique, Chemical analysis, Análisis químico, Analyse quantitative, Quantitative analysis, Análisis cuantitativo, Argent Chlorure, Silver Chlorides, Plata Cloruro, Argent Nitrate, Silver Nitrates, Plata Nitrato, Détecteur électrochimique, Electrochemical detector, Detector electroquímico, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Graphite, Grafito, Microanalyse, Microanalysis, Microanálisis, Microsonde, Microprobe, Microsonda, Précipitation chimique, Chemical precipitation, Precipitación química, Sodium Chlorure, Sodium Chlorides, Sodio Cloruro, Voltammétrie, Voltammetry, Voltametría, Voltampérométrie impulsion différentielle, Differential impulse voltamperometry, Voltamperimetría impulsión diferencial, Redissolution, Electrochemistry, Immobilization, Precipitation, and Stripping voltammetry

This paper describes how electrochemical trace analysis can be performed in micro samples based on the precipitation of a sparingly soluble compound and its immobilization on an electrode surface. Precipitation is performed in a solution droplet put on the electrode in an upside-down position in air. The solvent of the droplet is then evaporated and the immobilized residue is subjected to a voltammetric measurement after introducing the electrode to an electrolyte solution. This methodology can be used for the quantification of dissolved ions (after precipitation) as well as for that of dispersed solids. As example, here the quantification of silver ions following precipitation as AgCl is described.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Cinétique et mécanisme des réactions, Kinetics and mechanism of reactions, Brome Composé organique, Bromine Organic compounds, Bromo Compuesto orgánico, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Composé aromatique, Aromatic compound, Compuesto aromático, Composé benzénique, Benzenic compound, Compuesto bencénico, Composé organique perhalogéné, Organic perhalocompound, Compuesto orgánico perhalogenado, Convolution, Convolución, DMF, N,N-Dimethylformamide, Dimetilformamida, Déshalogénation, Dehalogenation, Deshalogenación, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Etat vitreux, Glassy state, Estado vitreo, Etude théorique, Theoretical study, Estudio teórico, Interaction orbitale, Orbital interaction, Interacción orbital, Mécanisme réaction, Reaction mechanism, Mecanismo reacción, Méthode fonctionnelle densité, Density functional method, Orbitale frontière, Frontier orbital, Orbital frontera, Polluant organique persistant, Persistent organic pollutant, Contaminante organico persistente, Radical libre organique anionique, Organic radical anion, Radical libre orgánico aniónico, Réaction électrochimique, Electrochemical reaction, Reacción electroquímica, Réduction chimique, Chemical reduction, Reducción química, Solvant organique, Organic solvent, Solvente orgánico, Transfert électron, Electron transfer, Transferencia electrón, Voltammétrie cyclique, Cyclic voltammetry, Voltametría cíclica, Ammonium(tétrabutyl) tétrafluoroborate, Benzène(chloro pentabromo), Benzène(perbromo), Ether(méthyl pentabromophényl), Phényle éther(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromo), Aromatic halides, Convolution analysis, DFT calculations, Dissociative electron transfer, Polybrominated aromatics, and σ* Radical anions

Convolution analysis of voltammetric data along with DFT calculations shows that the studied pentabromophenyl ethers undergo concerted dissociative electron transfer onto a σ*C-Br-type orbital. Hexabromobenzene and chloropentabromobenzene form σ* radical anions upon reduction.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electrotechnique. Electroenergetique, Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering, Electroénergétique, Electrical power engineering, Conversion directe et accumulation d'énergie, Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation, Conversion électrochimique: piles et accumulateurs électrochimiques, piles à combustibles, Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells, Accumulateur électrochimique, Secondary cell, Acumulador electroquímico, Anode, Anodo, Caractéristique électrique, Electrical characteristic, Característica eléctrica, Composé aromatique, Aromatic compound, Compuesto aromático, Composé tricyclique, Tricyclic compound, Compuesto tricíclico, Cyclage, Cycling, Ciclaje, Hétérocycle azote, Nitrogen heterocycle, Heterociclo nitrógeno, Matériau électrode, Electrode material, Material electrodo, Sodium Composé, Sodium Compounds, Sodio Compuesto, Stabilité chimique, Chemical stability, Estabilidad química, Batterie sodium ion, Sodium-ion battery, Pyrrolo[3,4-f]isoindole-2,6-diure(5,7-dihydro-1,3,5,7-tétraoxo), N-cyclic structures, Na-ion batteries, Organic electrode materials, and Pyromellitic diimidate

A novel organic Na-salt is presented here for utilization as an active electrode material in rechargeable Na-ion batteries. The compound, disodium pyromellitic diimidate, is synthesized through a reaction by pyromellitic acid and sodium hydride and characterized using 1H-NMR. Na-batteries of the organic compound were able to obtain capacity values close to the theoretical during the first cycles, but a steady capacity decrease could be observed during cycling. The battery nevertheless delivered a capacity of ca 90 mAh/g after 100 cycles, rendering it a comparatively competitive organic Na-battery material. However, the results stress the importance of tailoring Na-compounds with a good chemical stability also at high levels of sodiation, since decomposition side-reactions can be probable.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie analytique, Analytical chemistry, Méthodes électrochimiques, Electrochemical methods, Amine aromatique, Aromatic amine, Amina aromática, Application, Aplicación, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Carcinogène, Carcinogen, Carcinógeno, Dépôt projection, Spray coating, Depósito proyección, Dérivé de l'aniline, Aniline derivatives, Anilina derivado, Détecteur électrochimique, Electrochemical detector, Detector electroquímico, Détermination, Determination, Determinación, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Matériau modifié, Modified material, Material modificado, Nanotube carbone, Carbon nanotubes, Photorésist, Photoresist, Fotorresistencia, Spectrométrie impédance électrochimique, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Toluidine, Toluidina, Usage unique, Disposable, Uso único, Voltammétrie cyclique, Cyclic voltammetry, Voltametría cíclica, Dispositif bas coût, Low cost device, Pyrolysed carbon electrode, Spray deposition, and o-Toluidine

An innovative spray technique for the modification of pyrolysed Photoresist Carbon Electrodes with multiwalled carbon nanotubes was studied. The modified electrodes were used for the determination of trace levels of o-toluidine, a carcinogenic organic compound employed in the synthesis of azo-dyes. The best conditions in terms of solvent used and quantity of carbon nanotubes deposited are discussed. Comparison with usual deposition methods is presented.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Electrodes: préparations et propriétés, Electrodes: preparations and properties, Autres électrodes, Other electrodes, Chimie analytique, Analytical chemistry, Méthodes électrochimiques, Electrochemical methods, Elément trace, Trace element, Elemento traza, Métal transition Complexe, Transition metal Complexes, Metal transición Complejo, Analyse chimique, Chemical analysis, Análisis químico, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Charpente organométallique, Metal organic framework, Armazòn organometálico, Détecteur électrochimique, Electrochemical detector, Detector electroquímico, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Etat vitreux, Glassy state, Estado vitreo, Matériau modifié, Modified material, Material modificado, Matériau poreux, Porous material, Material poroso, Mercure II Composé, Mercury II Compounds, Mercurio II Compuesto, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Microscopie électronique transmission, Transmission electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica transmisión, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Métal lourd, Heavy metal, Metal pesado, Or Complexe, Gold Complexes, Oro Complejo, Solution aqueuse, Aqueous solution, Solución acuosa, Spectrométrie IR, Infrared spectrometry, Espectrometría IR, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Thiol, Tiol, Transformation Fourier, Fourier transformation, Transformación Fourier, Voltammétrie redissolution anodique, Anodic stripping voltammetry, Voltametría redisolución anódica, FT IR, Au-thiol metal-organic coordination polymer, Detection of Hg(II), Specific size-matching strategy, and Stripping voltammetry

A novel specific size-matching strategy for electrochemical selective and sensitive detection of Hg(II) has been designed based on a porous Au-thiol metal-organic coordination polymer. The sensitivity and limit of detection reach 0.075 μA nM-1 and 12 nM, respectively. The mechanism of detection is assumed that Hg(II) ions are deposited into the three-dimensional (3D)-gap and form a contact among the Au metal, which triggers an electrochemical response.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Electrodes: préparations et propriétés, Electrodes: preparations and properties, Autres électrodes, Other electrodes, Métal transition, Transition metal, Metal transición, Electrode poreuse, Porous electrode, Electrodo poroso, Interaction électrostatique, Electrostatic interaction, Interacción electrostática, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Nanopore, Nanoporo, Or, Gold, Oro, Phénomène transport, Transport process, Fenómeno transporte, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Transfert masse, Mass transfer, Transferencia masa, pH, Electrostatic interactions, Mass transport control, and Nanopore electrode

A new highly ordered Au nanopore array electrode with pore diameter as small as 20 nm is fabricated using a simple electrochemistry method. The nanopore electrode displays a solution pH regulated quasi-sigmoidal voltammogram for electrochemical probe due to electrostatic interactions.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. Psychologie, Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology, Biotechnologie, Biotechnology, Méthodes. Procédés. Technologies, Methods. Procedures. Technologies, Méthodes et appareillages divers, Various methods and equipments, Biodétecteurs. Biocapteurs, Biosensors, Artiodactyla, Bactérie, Bacteria, Mammalia, Pseudomonadaceae, Pseudomonadales, Ungulata, Vertebrata, Aldose, Aldosa, Ampérométrie, Amperometry, Amperometría, Analyse chimique, Chemical analysis, Análisis químico, Animal, Biodétecteur, Biosensor, Biodetector, Biofilm, Bioélectrochimie, Bioelectrochemistry, Bioelectroquímica, Bovin, Bovine, Bovino, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Coeur, Heart, Corazón, Couple redox, Redox couple, Pareja redox, Cytochrome c, Citocromo c, Détecteur électrochimique, Electrochemical detector, Detector electroquímico, Electrode, Electrodes, Electrodo, Etat vitreux, Glassy state, Estado vitreo, Glucose, Glucosa, Hémoprotéine, Hemoprotein, Hemoproteina, Microorganisme immobilisé, Entrapped microorganism, Microorganismo inmovilizado, Médiateur, Mediator, Mediador, Procédé sol gel, Sol gel process, Procedimiento sol gel, Protéine basique, Basic protein, Proteína básica, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Artificial biofilm, Bioelectrochemical system, and Sol-gel

Bovine heart cytochrome c can serve as electron mediator between Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria immobilized in a sol-gel film and a glassy carbon electrode surface. Such system illustrates the concept of 'artificial' biofilm in which strategies suggested in natural biofilms to transfer electrons are mimicked.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Chimie, Chemistry, Chimie generale et chimie physique, General and physical chemistry, Electrochimie, Electrochemistry, Propriétés des électrolytes: conductivité, Properties of electrolytes: conductivity, Analyse thermique, Thermal analysis, Análisis térmico, Calorimétrie différentielle balayage, Differential scanning calorimetry, Análisis calorimétrico barrido exploración, Condition opératoire, Operating conditions, Condición operatoria, Conductivité ionique, Ionic conductivity, Conductividad iónica, Effet température, Temperature effect, Efecto temperatura, Liquide ionique, Ionic liquid, Líquido iónico, Point fusion, Melting point, Punto fusión, Propriété physicochimique, Physicochemical properties, Propiedad fisicoquímica, Propriété électrique, Electrical properties, Propiedad eléctrica, Solution électrolyte, Electrolyte solution, Solución electrólito, Température transition vitreuse, Glass transition temperature, Temperatura transición vítrosa, Pyrrolidinium(butyl méthyl) amidure(bis[trifluoromésyl]), Sodium amidure(bis[trifluoromésyl]), N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium, Sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, Sodium ionic liquid electrolytes, and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide

Mixtures, based on the N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trilfuoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PYR14TFSI) ionic liquid and the NaTFSI salt, as low flammability and volatility electrolytes for safer sodium electrochemical energy storage devices, were prepared and investigated in terms of thermal and ion-transport properties. The PYR14TFSI-NaTFSI electrolytes showed melting point down to - 30 °C. No difference in terms of ion-transport properties was observed with respect to analogous lithium electrolyte systems. Conductivity values above 1 × 10-3 S cm-1 were observed at room temperature.

General chemistry, physical chemistry, Chimie générale, chimie physique, Energy, Énergie, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electrotechnique. Electroenergetique, Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering, Electroénergétique, Electrical power engineering, Conversion directe et accumulation d'énergie, Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation, Conversion électrochimique: piles et accumulateurs électrochimiques, piles à combustibles, Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells, Accumulateur électrochimique, Secondary cell, Acumulador electroquímico, Anode, Anodo, Caractéristique électrique, Electrical characteristic, Característica eléctrica, Carbonate organique, Organic carbonate, Carbonato orgánico, Carbone, Carbon, Carbono, Cellulose(carboxyméthyl), Cellulose(carboxymethyl), Celulosa(carboximetil), Cyclage, Cycling, Ciclaje, Cycle charge décharge, Discharge charge cycle, Ciclo carga descarga, Effet milieu, Medium effect, Efecto medio, Etude comparative, Comparative study, Estudio comparativo, Liant, Binders, Ligante, Matériau électrode, Electrode material, Material electrodo, Microscopie électronique balayage, Scanning electron microscopy, Microscopía electrónica barrido, Morphologie, Morphology, Morfología, Rayon X, X ray, Rayos X, Sodium Hexafluorophosphate, Sodium Hexafluophosphates, Sodio Hexafluorofosfato, Solvant non aqueux, Non aqueous solvent, Disolvente no acuoso, Spectromètre masse temps vol, Time-of-flight mass spectrometers, Spectrométrie SIMS, Secondary ion mass spectrometry, Espectrometría SIMS, Spectrométrie photoélectron, Photoelectron spectrometry, Espectrometría fotoelectrón, Structure surface, Surface structure, Estructura superficie, Vinylidène fluorure polymère, Vinylidene fluoride polymer, Vinilideno fluoruro polímero, 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one(4-fluoro), 1,3-Dioxolan-2-one(méthyl), Batterie sodium ion, Sodium-ion battery, Binder, Electrolyte, Hard-carbon, and Sodium-ion batteries

For a non-aqueous sodium-ion battery, a hard-carbon negative electrode with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder demonstrates the superior reversibility and cycleability in NaPF6 propylene carbonate solution at room temperature to that with ordinary poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVdF) binder. Furthermore, effects of monofluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive remarkably depend on the combination with binders, CMC and PVdF. Surface analyses reveal considerable differences in surface and passivation chemistry which depends on the binders and FEC additive used for the hard-carbon negative electrodes.