articles+ search results

subtractive rapid prototyping, additive rapid prototyping, rapid prototyping process selection, analytic hierarchy process, multi-criteria decision analysis, Industrial engineering. Management engineering, and T55.4-60.8

The present research addresses a comparative analysis among Additive (ARP) and Subtractive (SRP) rapid prototyping techniques, aiming to determine which approach presents greater technical and economic viability for physical prototype manufacturing. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) multi-criteria decision method was used to categorize and quantify the analysis criteria. The analyzed Rapid Prototyping (RP) techniques were the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling as SRP technique and the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process as ARP. The SRP rapid prototyping technique is the most suitable alternative for manufacturing prototypes, according to the analyzed evaluation criteria.

Autotransplantation, Rapid prototyping, Root canal treatment, Dentistry, and RK1-715

Abstract Background Autotransplantation is a beneficial treatment with a high success rate for young patients. However, most adult patients require root canal treatment (RCT) of the donor teeth after the autotransplantation procedure, which causes a prolonged treatment time and additional expenses and increases the rate of future tooth fracture. Rapid prototyping (RP)-assisted autotransplantation shortens the extra-alveolar time and enables a superior clinical outcome. However, no cohort studies of the application of this method on adult populations have been reported. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort study. All patients underwent autotransplantation from 2012 to 2020 in the Kaohsiung and Chia-Yi branches of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and the procedure and clinical outcomes were analysed. Differences in clinical outcomes, age, sex, extra-alveolar time, fixation method, and RCT rate were compared between the two groups. Results We enrolled 21 patients, 13 treated using the conventional method and 8 treated using the RP-based technique. The RCT rates of the conventional group and RP group were 92.3% and 59%, respectively. The mean age of the two groups was significantly different (28.8 ± 10 vs. 21.6 ± 2.1); after performing subgroup analysis by excluding all of the patients aged > 40 years, we found that the RCT rates were still significantly different (91.0% vs. 50%). The mean extra-alveolar time was 43 s in the RP group, and the autotransplantation survival rate in both groups was 100%. Conclusions Rapid prototyping-assisted autotransplantation was successfully adopted for all patients in our study population. By shortening the extra-alveolar time, only 50% of the patients required a root canal treatment with a 100% autotransplantation survival rate. Trial Registration : Retrospectively registered.

virtual factory, digital twin, virtual prototyping, virtual reality, simulation and modeling, industry 4.0, Information technology, and T58.5-58.64

Shortening lifecycles and increasing complexity make product and production lifecycle processes more challenging than ever for manufacturing enterprises. Virtual Prototyping (VP) technologies promise a viable solution to handle such challenges in reducing time and physical builds as well as increasing quality. In previous studies, the Digital Twin (DT) based Virtual Factory (VF) concept showed significant potential to handle co-evolution by integrating 3D factory and product models with immersive and interactive 3D Virtual Reality (VR) simulation technology as well as real-time bidirectional data synchronisation between virtual and physical production systems. In this article, we present an extension to the paper “Demonstrating and Evaluating the Digital Twin Based Virtual Factory for Virtual Prototyping” presented at CARV2021. The study presents an evaluation by industry experts of the DT based VF concept for VP in the context of New Product Introduction (NPI) processes. The concept is demonstrated in two cases: wind turbine blade manufacturing and nacelle assembly operations at Vestas Wind Systems A/S. The study shows that the VF provides an immersive virtual environment, which allows the users to reduce the time needed for prototyping. The industry experts propose several business cases for the introduced solution and find that the phases that would have the most gain are the later ones (production) where the product design is more mature.

engineering, application, archiving, prototyping, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

National Land Agency received requests for land rights every day. The letters can be submitted through two stages of acceptance and archiving. Still using conventional systems makes data retrieval requires relatively more time. This research aims to design and build an information system data archiving for incoming request at the National Land Agency. The software has been designed with login feature, data management land owners and land owner data search and print feature data. Analysis of system requirements using object-oriented method which uses the use-case diagram in order to illustrate the functionality of the system and some of the criteria of non-functional requirements are also outlined. The next step was the coding implementation and evaluation of the system built. The system development method used was the prototyping method. The selection of this method was intended, therefore the client can get a clear picture of the system being built. Evaluation was conducted in the developer and the user environment. The evaluation in the user environment was done by distributing questionnaires covering three parameters namely the usefulness of the application, ease of use and user satisfaction. The results showed that the information systems built have a useful value (85.7%) and are easy to use (100%), therefore it satisfied the users.

wearable device, exoskeleton, differential mechanism, prototyping, rehabilitation, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Exoskeletons and more in general wearable mechatronic devices represent a promising opportunity for rehabilitation and assistance to people presenting with temporary and/or permanent diseases. However, there are still some limits in the diffusion of robotic technologies for neuro-rehabilitation, notwithstanding their technological developments and evidence of clinical effectiveness. One of the main bottlenecks that constrain the complexity, weight, and costs of exoskeletons is represented by the actuators. This problem is particularly evident in devices designed for the upper limb, and in particular for the hand, in which dimension limits and kinematics complexity are particularly challenging. This study presents the design and prototyping of a hand finger exoskeleton. In particular, we focus on the design of a gear-based differential mechanism aimed at coupling the motion of two adjacent fingers and limiting the complexity and costs of the system. The exoskeleton is able to actuate the flexion/extension motion of the fingers and apply bidirectional forces, that is, it is able to both open and close the fingers. The kinematic structure of the finger actuation system has the peculiarity to present three DoFs when the exoskeleton is not worn and one DoF when it is worn, allowing better adaptability and higher wearability. The design of the gear-based differential is inspired by the mechanism widely used in the automotive field; it allows actuating two fingers with one actuator only, keeping their movements independent.

website e-commerce, metode prototyping, kedai kopi kontekstual, Mathematics, QA1-939, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Bisnis kedai kopi telah mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Adanya trend nongkrong membuat bisnis kedai kopi meningkatkan pelayanan untuk kepuasan pelanggan. Kualitas pelayanan, produk, dan pengalaman pemasaran memiliki dampak penting dalam memenuhi kepuasan konsumen. Kedai Kopi Kontekstual merupakan kedai kopi yang berlokasi di Banyumas. Kedai Kopi Kontekstual masih dalam proses bertumbuh dan berkembang. Asset yang dimiliki Kedai Kopi Kontekstual cukup besar yaitu kebun kopi, mesin roasting, dan SDM. Melalui asset tersebut pemilik berharap dapat menjangkau pasar nasional. Kondisi pasar yang terbatas membuat Kedai Kopi Kontekstual perlu melakukan upaya jaringan pemasaran yang lebih luas. Sebagai upaya pengembangan pasar Kedai Kopi Kontekstual membutuhkan fasilitasi sistem dalam yang mampu mengakomodasikan penjualan dan sistem transaksi. Metode prototyping merupakan salah satu pendekatan dalam rekayasa perangkat lunak yang mendemonstrasikan bagaimana mengembangkan sistem secara sederhana, memberikan akses kepada pengguna konsep dasar sistem serta pengujian. UML digunakan sebagai rancangan gambaran sistem secara keseluruhan, website berbasis online menggunakan bahasa pemrograman visual studio code, javascript (framework ReactJS), Node Js dan database MySQL. Tujuan dari perancangan website adalah memperluas jangkauan pemasaran, brandawareness, dan meningkatkan pengetahuan calon pelanggan terhadap Kedai Kopi Kontekstual. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berhasil membuat rancangan website yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan Kedai Kopi Kontekstual.

rapid prototyping, additive manufacturing, microfluidic systems, lab-on-a-chip, plant-on-a-chip, and Medicine

To shorten the production time for PDMS-moulds by additive manufacturing (AM) several 3D printers have been investigated in comparison to standard micro-milling by producing benchmark structures. These are evaluated regarding their shape accuracy, the transparency of the casted PDMS which is linked to the surface quality of the mould, and the production time until the moulds are ready to use. Even though the additively manufactured moulds showed significantly better surface quality and shorter production time, the necessary shape accuracy for non-square-structures or structures with < 250 μm edge length could not be achieved due to limiting factors like nozzle diameter, size of the digital micromirror device or spot size of the LCD-panel.

Solar still, Distillation, Prototyping, Freshwater, and Technology

Floating solar still is a suitable technology for remote or rural coastal area applications. The device should be made of low-cost materials available locally to provide more access to the broader community. However, the low-cost materials usually do not have the best physical properties, decreasing the overall solar still performance. This work demonstrated a low-cost floating solar still prototype entirely made of locally available materials. To further understand the influence of different parameters on the solar still performance and guide the prototyping process, we also performed the system's heat and mass transfer analysis. Our experimental results indicate a high absorber temperature (59.5 °C), even on a cloudy day. Our model also fits the temperature measurement reasonably. However, the recorded overall efficiency still suffers mainly due to the collection system, which decreases the overall performance; an example of a practical challenge, which is often overlooked but plays a crucial role in increasing the readiness level of the prototype.

3d printing, multilayer printed circuit boards, prototyping, ldm, additive technology, 3d printer electronics, nano inks, Information theory, and Q350-390

A new direction in 3D printing was investigated – prototyping of single-sided, double-sided and multilayer printed circuit boards. The current capabilities and limitations of 3D printed circuit board printing technology were identified. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of two desktop 3D printers presented in the industry for prototyping radio electronics, as well as the first professional machine DragonFly LDM 2020, which is a mini-factory for prototyping multilayer printed circuit boards, was carried out. The first practical experience of working and printing on DragonFly LDM 2020 supplied to the megalaboratory “3D prototyping and control of multilayer printed circuit boards” of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Telecommunication Systems MIREA – Russian Technological University is presented. The first samples of electronic boards printed on a 3D printer by the method of inkjet printing were obtained. An additive technology for the production of multilayer printed circuit boards is considered: printing with two printheads with conductive and dielectric nano-ink with two curing systems: an infrared sintering system for conductive ink and a UV curing system for dielectric ink. The LDM (Dragonfly Lights-out Digital Manufacturing) production method with the necessary maintenance is presented. The method allows the system to work roundthe-clock with minimal human intervention, significantly increasing the productivity of 3D printing and expanding the possibilities of prototyping. The materials used for 3D printing of multilayer printed circuit boards and their characteristics were investigated: dielectric acrylate nano-ink (Dielectric Ink 1092 – Dielectric UV Curable Acrylates Ink), conducting ink with silver nanoparticles (AgCite™ 90072 Silver Nanoparticle Conductive Ink). The research carried out allows us to compare the technological standards of printed electronics with traditional methods of manufacturing multilayer printed circuit boards for a number of parameters.

virtual prototyping, products design, virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, Fine Arts, Architecture, and NA1-9428

At present, speed is a key factor in the design and development of industrial products, And In the light of modern technology, computer-based prototyping techniques have emerged in so-called advanced rapid prototyping as a solution to the modeling activity associated with design processes. But these technologies have disadvantages, such as the high cost of the models and the long time it takes for these models to be completed, The subject of the research came to the virtual prototyping as a modern technology through which the models associated with the design activity of industrial products, These models provide the speed required in light of the continuous evolution and changing requirements of the market, and also provide a low-cost solution suitable for adoption by major companies or small and medium-sized enterprises alike. The importance of these virtual models is evident when it comes to communicating as much information about design as possible with the simplest way and the lowest costs, Through these models can include everything related to the product of work theories and engineering drawings and three-dimensional models with physical properties that mimic the final product, Within the same application and this information induced by one of the images prepared on the computer programs, and thus we can share these models over the Internet and work on them remotely, which in turn contributes to shorten the time of the design process. The importance of research is to shed light on the role of virtual prototyping as one of the basic elements in the process of design and development of industrial products, as the research aims to activate the role of virtual modeling in the process of product design and development and to include them in the design process as one of the basic stages' because of its usefulness, The hypothesis is that if virtual prototyping techniques and new technologies can be utilized in the process of designing industrial products in a creative manner, this ensures that the cost of model design and testing processes is reduced, as well as the opportunity to develop products periodically without incurring many expenses related to the production of physical models. The deductive approach was used to achieve this.

fast-prototyping, ibm watson, iot, mqtt, node-red, raspberry pi, smart home, telegram, Computer software, and QA76.75-76.765

The Internet of Things has contributed to make smarter houses and buildings in the last decades. Different existing works already integrate IoT technologies in homes, but end-user needs continuously change and researchers must face this challenge in identifying platforms to fast prototype solutions satisfying these new needs. This paper presents a solution that demonstrates how well-known fast-prototyping technologies like Node-RED, IBM Watson, Telegram, Raspberry Pi 4, and secured MQTT can contribute to develop complex systems facing the challenge. The selected tools are used within a smart home context to support features inspired by people needs and allow users to: a) consult real time conditions (i.e., temperature, humidity, gas), b) remotely manage lights, c) save energy through a light management system based on user movements, d) remotely monitor the house through dedicated webcams, e) generate warning notifications in case of danger. Users can interact with the systems through a web Node-RED dashboard and a Telegram bot. Differently from existing works, the feasibility of the implemented system and the efficacy of the exploited platforms are demonstrated through a running scenario extracted from a consolidated study on user needs in smart homes. The performed experiment can facilitate the fast prototyping of new solutions.

ship integrated logistic support, rapid prototyping (rp), repair, quick removal and combination, nitrogen gas protection, Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering, and VM1-989

Objectives With the rapid development of naval equipment and its increasing use frequency and failure rate, the traditional repair mode has limitations. This paper puts forward a rapid prototyping manufacturing (RPM) and equipment design method used in ship maintenance support. Methods Based on the hardware, software, technology and materials, the integration technology of rapid prototyping equipment is researched according to the actual situation of the ship. The design method of quick removal and combination using the equipment movement mechanism is adopted, achieving rapid prototyping repair with nitrogen as the shielding gas. The key technologies and methods of rapid prototyping repair are then studied, including technology, shape coordination and control, and post-repair treatment. Results The results of this study show that mobile rapid prototyping repair equipment with quick removal and combination can help to settle the problems of the online repair of real ships; marine nitrogen can be used as the shielding gas, which is convenient and affordable; and the dust collection system module greatly reduces the pollution of equipment in prototyping repairing process. Conclusions The developed quick removal and combination equipment for prototyping repair, which helps to realize "repair in case of damage" for ships under on-site conditions, can help to meet the requirements of accompanying support for spare ship equipment parts under actual combat conditions.

FPGA, rapid prototyping, Simulink, HDL Coder, Xilinx Zynq, Zedboard, Electronics, and TK7800-8360

Many advanced power electronics control techniques present a steep computational load, demanding advanced controllers, such as FPGAs. However, FPGA development is a daunting and time-consuming task, inaccessible to most users. This paper proposes a complete methodology for prototyping power electronics with Xilinx Zynq-based boards using Matlab/Simulink and HDL Coder. Even though these tools are relatively well documented, and several works in the literature have used them, a methodology for developing power electronics systems with them has never been proposed. This paper aims to address that, by proposing a complete programming and design methodology for Zynq-based power electronics and discussing important drawbacks and hurdles in Simulink/HDL Coder development, as well as their possible solutions. In addition, techniques for the implementation of all required peripherals (ADCs, digital outputs, etc.), system protections, and real-time data acquisition on Zynq boards are presented. This methodology considerably reduces the development time and effort of power electronics solutions using Zynq-based boards. In addition, a demonstration Simulink model is provided with all proposed techniques and protections, for use with a readily available development board (Zedboard) and ADC modules. This should further reduce the learning curve and development effort of this type of solution, contributing to a broader access to high-performance control prototyping using Zynq-based platforms. An application example is presented to demonstrate the potential of the proposed workflow, using a Zedboard to control a multilevel UPS inverter prototype with Model Predictive Control.

Sensor, Thermocouple, Mutliphysics, CFD, Virtual prototyping, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), and TA1-2040

The study presents a successful approach used in development of new design of thermal product. The high uncertainty of dynamic thermofluid process analysis and the need of fast exploration of large dataset of design parameters require elaboration of this new approach. It combines detailed thermoCFD simulation models that are validated with physical experiments, with simplified thermostructural simulation models. The need for such an approach is predetermined by the request for fast processing of big data with certain level of accuracy and detail. The approach is demonstrated by a case study of resistance temperature detector design development.

Acetabular defects, Hip arthroplasty, Rapid prototyping, Revision, Surgical procedure design, Orthopedic surgery, and RD701-811

Objective To compare rapid prototyping technology (RP tech) in revision total hip arthroplasty (RTHA) with traditional examination methods and to see how they are different in evaluating acetabular anatomy and designing surgical procedure. Methods From February 2014 to March 2018, 43 RTHA patients with complex acetabulum defects were enrolled in this prospective study regardless of age or gender. Incomplete and unclear data were excluded. Three types of radiographic examination were performed on each patient before the revision surgery. Four groups of evaluations were designed: (i) X‐ray; (ii) computed tomography (CT‐scan); (iii) RP tech; and (iv) CT‐aided RP tech. Discrepancies between preoperative radiographic analysis and intra‐operative findings were separately compared by a team of surgeons. Premade surgical plans based on each evaluation method were compared with the final surgical procedure. The compliance of anatomic evaluation and surgical plan‐design based on 3D RP tech and traditional radiographs were ranked manually by a of team surgeons into: (i) complete accordance; (ii) general accordance; and (iii) undetermined structure/procedure. The difference in ranks between RP tech and traditional radiographic methods were analyzed with a nonparametric Kruskal‐Wallis test. P

Internet of Things, remote prototyping, FPGA devices, undergraduate teaching, digital design and synthesis lab, COVID-19 lockdowns, Electronics, and TK7800-8360

This paper presents a system for the remote design and testing of electronic circuits and devices with FPGAs during COVID-19 and similar lockdown periods when physical access to laboratories is not permitted. The system is based on the application of the IoT concept, in which the final device is a test board with an FPGA chip. The system allows for remote visual inspection of the board and the devices linked to it in the laboratory. The system was developed for remote learning taking place during the lockdown periods at Poznan University of Technology (PUT) in Poland. The functionality of the system is confirmed by two demonstration tasks (the use of the temperature and humidity DHT11 sensor and the design of a generator of sinusoidal waveforms) for students in the fundamentals of digital design and synthesis courses. The proposed solution allows, in part, to bypass the time-consuming simulations, and accelerate the process of prototyping digital circuits by remotely accessing the infrastructure of the microelectronics laboratory.

Autonomous robot, Assembly, Motion generation, Deep predictive learning, Technology, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570, Control engineering systems. Automatic machinery (General), TJ212-225, Machine design and drawing, TJ227-240, Technology (General), T1-995, Industrial engineering. Management engineering, T55.4-60.8, Automation, T59.5, Information technology, and T58.5-58.64

Abstract We propose a novel robotic system that combines both a reliable programming-based approach and a highly generalizable learning-based approach. How to design and implement a series of tasks in an atypical environment is a challenging issue. If all tasks are implemented using a programming-based approach, the development costs will be huge. However, if a learning-based approach is used, reliability is an issue. In this paper, we propose novel design guidelines that focus on the respective advantages of programming-based and learning-based approaches and select them so that they complement each other. We use a program-based approach for motions that is rough behavior and a learning-based approach for motion that is required complex interaction between robot and object of robot tasks and are difficult to achieve with a program. Our learning approach can easily and rapidly accomplish a series of tasks consisting of various motions because it does not require a computational model of an object to be designed in advance. We demonstrate a series of tasks in which randomly arranged parts are assembled using an actual robot.

modeling, production, pre-production, block-modular milling cutter, technological route, 3d prototyping, layout, моделирование, подготовка производства, производство, блочно-модульная фреза, технологический маршрут, 3d-прототипирование, макет, Technology, Industry, and HD2321-4730.9

The article describes the main structural elements and the scheme of forming block-modular milling cutters, analyzes the forms of body modules and chip-removing grooves, as well as the methods of manufacturing milling cutters. The technological route of 3D printing of blocks of tool and body modules and the technological scheme of assembling milling cutters are presented. There is an assessment of the compliance of the parameters of the accuracy of the dimensions of the models of milling cutters specified in the drawing, and recommendations for the use of plastic materials for the production of models of milling cutters. Объект исследования – подготовка производства блочно-модульных фрез с использованием 3D-прототипирования. Целью работы является выработка рекомендаций по подготовке производства с использованием 3D-прототипирования; изготовлению экспериментальных образцов БМФ. Рассматриваются основные конструктивные элементы и схема формирования блочно-модульных фрез, проанализированы формы корпусных модулей и стружкоотводящих канавок, а также методы изготовления фрез, приведены технологический маршрут 3D-печати блоков резцовых и корпусных модулей и технологическая схема сборки фрез, дана оценка соответствия параметров точности размеров макетов фрез заданным на чертеже и приведены рекомендации по использованию марок пластиковых материалов для изготовления макетов фрез.

degree of crystallinity, polyamide-6, rapid prototyping, nanocomposite, self-healing, Technology, and Science

Polymer components capable of self-healing can rapidly be manufactured by injecting the monomer (ε-caprolactam), activator and catalyst mixed with a small amount of magnetic nanoparticles into a steel mould. The anionic polymerisation of the monomer produces a polymer component capturing magnetic nanoparticles in a dispersed state. Any microcracks developed in this nanocomposite component can be healed by exposing it to an external alternating magnetic field. Due to the magnetocaloric effect, the nanoparticles locally melt the polymer in response to the magnetic field and fill the cracks, but the nanoparticles require establishing a network within the matrix of the polymer through effective dispersion for functional and uniform melting. The dispersed nanoparticles, however, affect the degree of crystallinity of the polymer depending on the radius of gyration of the polymer chain and the diameter of the magnetic nanoparticle agglomerates. The variation in the degree of crystallinity and crystallite size induced by nanoparticles can affect the melting temperature as well as its mechanical strength after testing for applications, such as stimuli-based self-healing. In the case of in situ synthesis of the polyamide-6 (PA6) magnetic nanocomposite (PMC), there is an opportunity to alter the degree of crystallinity and crystallite size by optimising the catalyst and activator concentration in the monomer. This optimisation method offers an opportunity to tune the crystallinity and, thus, the properties of PMC, which otherwise can be affected by the addition of nanoparticles. To study the effect of the concentration of the catalyst and activator on thermal properties, the degree of crystallinity and the crystallite size of the component (PMC), the ratio of activator and catalyst is varied during the anionic polymerisation of ε-caprolactam, but the concentration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles is kept constant at 1 wt%. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), XRD (X-ray diffraction) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to find the required concentration of the activator and catalyst for optimum properties. It was observed that the sample with 30% N-acetyl caprolactam (NACL) (with 50% EtMgBr) among all of the samples was most suitable to Rapid Prototype the PMC dog-bone sample with the desired degree of crystallinity and required formability.

Science

Generic approach for rapid prototyping is essential for the progress of synthetic biology. Here the authors modify the cell-free translation system to control protein aggregation and folding and validate the approach by using single conditions for prototyping of various disulfide-constrained polypeptides.