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1. The identification of the 3′terminus of the 70 S RNA of murine sarcoma virus (moloney) [1972]

  • Robin, Jacqueline, Larsen, Christian Jacques, Ravicovitch, Rodica Emanöil, Bazilier, Monique, Mauchauffe, Martine, and Boiron, Michel
  • FEBS Letters; October 1972, Vol. 27 Issue: 1 p58-62, 5p

2. Immunological Comparison of Muscle Actins from Mammal, Bird and Fish [1979]

  • Benyamin, Yves, Roger, Michel, Gabrion, Jacqueline, Robin, Yvonne, and Van Thoai, Nguyen
  • FEBS Letters; June 1979, Vol. 102 Issue: 1 p69-74, 6p

3. Beach Bag Bingo. [1984]

  • McCaffrey, Robin, Gerber, Albert B., Boone, Cherry, Noguchi, Thomas, Briskin, Jacqueline, Cook, Robin, Kinder, Gary, Principal, Victoria, Simon, and Schuster
  • New York Native; 4/9/84, Issue 87, p37, 2p
Abstract
Presents information on several books on leisure reading. "The Book of Sex Lists," by Albert Gerber; "Coroner," by Thomas Noguchi; "The Godplayer," by Robin Cook; "The Body Principal," by Victoria Principal.

4. Shape Preferences for Simple Euclidian Forms in Three Age Groups [1989]

  • Silver, Annabelle, Combs, Allan, McConnellogue, Janet, Johnson, Robin, Pickering, John, and Hicks, Jacqueline
  • Perceptual & Motor Skills; April 1989, Vol. 68 Issue: 2 p522-522, 1p

5. Serum lipid response to dietary cholesterol in subjects fed a low-fat, high-fiber diet [1989]

  • Edington, Jacqueline D., Geekie, Moira, Carter, Robin, Benfield, Lisa, Ball, Madeleine, and Mann, Jim
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. July 1989, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p58, 5 p.

6. Adaptation of an automated assay for determination of beta-hydroxybutyrate in dogs using a random access analyzer. [1992]

  • Christopher MM, Pereira JL, and Brigmon RL
  • Veterinary clinical pathology [Vet Clin Pathol] 1992; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 3-8.
Abstract
An automated method for measuring beta-hydroxybutyrate was adapted to the Ciba-Corning 550 Express trade mark random access analyzer. The assay was based on a kinetic reaction utilizing hydroxybutyrate-dehydrogenase. Beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration (mmol/L) was calculated ratiometrically using a 1.0 mmol/l standard. Canine serum, plasma, and urine were used without prior deproteinization and only a 30-microliter sample was required. The method demonstrated good linearity between 0 to 2 mmol/l of beta-hydroxybutyrate. Analytical recovery (accuracy) within these concentrations ranged from 85.8 to 113.3%. Both within-run and day-to-day precision were determined, as was specificity of the assay in the presence of a variety of interfering substances. The automated assay was rapid and economical, with reagent stability maintained for at least 2 weeks at 4 degrees C. This assay can readily be applied toward the assessment of ketoacidosis in dogs, and with further validation, other species.

7. Excavation and Survey at Watchfield, Oxfordshire, 1983-92. [1992]

  • Scull, Christopher, Ager, Barry, Bourn, Robert, Cameron, Esther, Clogg, P. W., Creighton, John, Edwards, Glynis, Gelling, Margaret, Gilmour, Brian, Harman, Mary, Henry, Pippa, Holgate, Robin, Huntley, Jacqueline P., Johnson, Paul, Linford, Neil, Marlow, C. A., Mortimer, Catherine, Mudd, Andrew, Odenstedt, Bengt, and Page, R. I.
  • Archaeological Journal; 1992, Vol. 149, p124-281, 158p, 13 Black and White Photographs, 66 Diagrams, 12 Charts, 2 Graphs, 2 Maps
Abstract
Geophysical survey and excavation have demonstrated that iron age settlement features and early Anglo-Saxon burials discovered during road construction in 1983 were part o[ an extensive multi-period site, now a Scheduled Ancient Monument. This paper presents the results of the archaeological investigations. The bulk of the report is concerned with the early Anglo-Saxon burials, which included a grave containing a balance, weights and runic inscription. The evidence for late mesolithic, neolithic -- early bronze age, iron age and post-medieval activity is also discussed, and the site is considered in its regional and wider context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

8. Nonsteroidal signals originating in the gonads [1992]

  • Ackland, Jacqueline F., Schwartz, Neena B., Mayo, Kelly E., and Dodson, Robin E.
  • Physiological Reviews. July 1992, Vol. 72 Issue 3, p731, 57 p.

9. On Winning Friends and Influencing People: Action Identification and Self-Presentation Success [1992]

  • Vallacher, Robin R., Wegner, Daniel M., McMahan, Susan C., Cotter, Jacqueline, and Larsen, Kathleen A.
  • Social Cognition; Fall 1992, Vol. 10 Issue: 3 p335-355, 21p
Abstract
This study tested the performance optimality hypothesis of action identification theory in the context of self-presentation. Optimal performance is said to occur when a personally easy action is identified in relatively high level terms (i.e., the action's goals and likely effects) or a personally difficult action is identified in relatively low level terms (i.e., the action's mechanical details). To test this idea with respect to self-presentation, subjects were asked to describe themselves to either a difficult-to-impress or an easy-to-impress stranger in advance of a get-acquainted conversation with him or her. Subjects were induced to think about the self-description task in either high level terms (e.g., demonstrating their personality) or low level terms (e.g., smiling when appropriate). Support for the optimality hypothesis was obtained in subjects' self-reports of their self-presentation effectiveness and in observers' evaluations of subjects. Discussion centered on the manifestation of self-presentation nonoptimality in the early stages of relationship formation.

10. Characteristics Relating to Ovarian Cancer Risk Collaborative Analysis of 12 U.S. Case-Control Studies. VI. Nonepithelial Cancers among Adults [1992]

  • Horn-Ross, Pamela L., Whittemore, Alice S., Harris, Robin, and Itnyre, Jacqueline
  • Epidemiology; November 1992, Vol. 3 Issue: 6 p490-495, 6p
Abstract
Nonepithelial ovarian cancers are rare, and little is known about their etiology. Of particular interest are the effects of oral contraceptive use and pregnancy, both of which are associated with large decreases in risk for epithelial ovarian cancer. We examined the risk factors for nonepithelial ovarian tumors by combining data from four case-control studies conducted in the United States. We compared personal characteristics of 38 germ cell cases and 45 stromal cases, respectively, with 1,142 and 2,617 general population controls. All subjects were over age 18 years. For germ cell tumors, there was a weak negative association with parity but no consistent pattern of decreasing risk with increasing parity. In contrast, relative to nulligravid women, gravid nulliparous women were at increased risk of developing a germ cell cancer odds ratio (OR) 4.8, 95 confidence interval (CI) 1.2-18.61. The use of oral contraceptives was also associated with elevated risk (OR 2.0,95 CI 0.77- 5.1); however, no clear trends in risk were observed. For stromal tumors, oral contraceptive use was associated with decreased risk (OR 0.37, 95 CI 0.16-0.83), whereas pregnancy was associated with a small elevation in risk. A trend of increasing risk with increasing age at first term pregnancy was observed, with an odds ratio of 3.6 (95 CI 1.0-12.5) for a first birth after age 29 years. Risk factors for nonepithelial ovarian cancers do not appear to parallel each other or those for epithelial ovarian cancer. (Epidemiology 1992;3490-495)

11. Characteristics Relating to Ovarian Cancer Risk: Collaborative Analysis of 12 US Case-Control Studies: I. Methods [1992]

  • Whittemore, Alice S., Harris, Robin, Itnyre, Jacqueline, Halpern, Jerry, and Group, the Collaborative Ovarian Cancer
  • American Journal of Epidemiology; November 1992, Vol. 136 Issue: 10 p1175-1175, 1p
Abstract
Data from 12 US case-control studies of ovarian cancer, conducted during the period 1956–1986 and representing some 3, 000 cases and 10,000 controls, were pooled and reanalyzed. Separate analyses were conducted for four subgroups of the pooled data: invasive epithelial ovarian cancers in white women; epithelial ovarian cancers of low malignant potential in white women, epithelial ovarian cancers in black women, and nonepithelial ovarian cancers. This paper gives a brief description of the participating studies and describes the methods used in the collaborative analysis. Am J Epidemiol1992; 136: 1175–83

12. Characteristics Relating to Ovarian Cancer Risk: Collaborative Analysis of 12 US Case -Control Studies: II. Invasive Epithelial Ovarian Cancers in White Women [1992]

  • Whittmore, Alice S., Harris, Robin, Itnyre, Jacqueline, and Group, the Collaborative Ovarian Cancer
  • American Journal of Epidemiology; November 1992, Vol. 136 Issue: 10 p1184-1184, 1p
Abstract
Data collected from 2,197 white ovarian cancer patients and 8,893 white controls in 12 US case-control studies conducted in the period 1956–1986 were used to evaluate the relation of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer to reproductive and menstrual characteristics, exogenous estrogen use, and prior pelvic surgeries. Clear trends of decreasing risk were evident with increasing number of pregnancies (regardless of outcome) and increasing duration of breast feeding and oral contraceptive use. Ovarian dysfunction leading to both infertility and malignancy is an unlikely explanation for these trends for several reasons: 1) The trends were evident even among the highly parous; 2) risk among nulliparous women did not vary by marital status or gravidity; and 3) risk among ever-married women showed little relation to length of longest pregnancy attempt or history of clinically diagnosed infertility. Risk was increased among women who had used fertility drugs and among women with long total duration of premenopausal sexual activity without birth control; these associations were particularly strong among the nulligravid. No consistent trends in risk were seen with age at menarche, age at menopause, or duration of estrogen replacement therapy. A history of tubal ligation or of hystereclomy with ovarian conservation was associated with reduced ovarian cancer risk. These observations suggest that pregnancy, breast feeding, and oral contraceptive use induce biological changes that protect against ovarian malignancy, that, at most, a small fraction of the excess ovarian cancer risk among nulliparous women is due to infertility, and that any increased risk associated with infertility may be due to the use of fertility drugs. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 136: 1184–1203

13. Characteristics Relating to Ovarian Cancer Risk: Collaborative Analysis of 12 US Case-Control Studies: III. Epithelial Tumors of Low Malignant Potential in White Women [1992]

  • Harris, Robin, Whittemore, Alice S., Itnyre, Jacqueline, and Group, the Collaborative Ovarian Cancer
  • American Journal of Epidemiology; November 1992, Vol. 136 Issue: 10 p1204-1204, 1p
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian neoplasms of low malignant potential, also called borderline ovarian tumors, have various features of malignancy, but they do not invade the ovarian stroma. Women with these tumors usually are younger when diagnosed and have better prognoses than do women with invasive tumors. There have been few epidemiologic studies of borderline tumors, and it is unclear whether there are etiologic differences between the two types of tumor behavior. Combined data from nine case-control studies, conducted from 1974 to 1986 and representing 327 white women with tumors of low malignant potential and 4, 144 white controls, were used to evaluate the relation between these tumors and personal characteristics related to invasive ovarian cancer. The risk profile for tumors of low malignant potential was found to be similar to that for invasive tumors, with two exceptions: Compared with that of invasive tumors, risk of borderline tumors was less clearly reduced among women who had used oral contraceptives and more clearly elevated among women with a history of Infertility. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 136: 1204–11

14. Characteristics Relating to ovarian Cancer Risk: Collaborative Analysis of 12 US case-Control Studies: IV. The Pathogenesis of Epithlial Ovarian Cancer [1992]

  • Whittemore, Alice S., Harris, Robin, ltnyre, Jacqueline, and Group, the Collaborative Ovarian Cancer
  • American Journal of Epidemiology; November 1992, Vol. 136 Issue: 10 p1212-1212, 1p
Abstract
Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer associated with pregnancy and oral contraceptive use. The first states that some sequelae of ovulation increase the likelihood of malignancy and that pregnancies and oral contraceptives protect by suppressing ovulation. The second hypothesis states that circulating levels of pituitary gonadotropins increase the risk of malignancy and that pregnancies and oral contraceptives protect by suppressing secretion of these hormones. The authors evaluate the two hypotheses in light of combined data from 12 United States case-oxitrol studies of epithelial ovarian cancer in white women conducted from 1956 to 1986. While a number of observations support both hypotheses, there are exceptions. Differential risk reduction associated with pregnancy and oral contraceptive use (pregnancy being the more effective in young women and the less effective in older women) conflicts with the first “ovulation” hypothesis, while reduced risk associated with breast feeding and absence of altered risk associated with estrogen replacement therapy conflicts with the second “gonadotropin” hypothesis. Several findings would not have been predicted by either hypothesis, e.g., only weak trends relate cancer risk to age at menarche, and, among older women, no clear trends relate risk to age at menopause. Odds ratio attenuation due to errors in reporting personal characteristics may be responsible for some of these inconsistencies. Multidisciplinary research is needed to clarify the etkrfogic roles of ovulation and gonadotropin stimulation, both of which may enhance carcinogenesis in the ovarian epithelium. Am J Epidemiol 1992: 136: 1212–20

15. Characteristics Relating to Ovarian Cancer Risk: Collaborative Analysis of Seven U.S. Case-Control Studies. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Black Women [1993]

  • John, Esther M., Whittemore, Alice S., Harris, Robin, Itnyre, Jacqueline, and Group, Collaborative Ovarian Cancer
  • JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute; January 1993, Vol. 85 Issue: 2 p142-142, 1p
Abstract
Background Previous epidemiologic studies of ovarian cancer have focused chiefly on White women, who have a higher incidence of ovarian cancer than Black women. No study has previously examined risk factors for ovarian cancer among Black women. Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in Black women in relation to reproductive characteristics such as pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, and breast-feeding, and to determine whether differences in reproductive factors between Black and White women account for differences in ovarian cancer incidence. Methods Combining interview data from seven case-control studies, we compared reproductive characteristics of 110 Black case subjects with a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer between 1971 and 1986 with characteristics of 251 Black population control subjects and 114 Black hospital control subjects. We also compared the prevalence of reproductive factors in 246 Black population control subjects and 4378 White population control subjects and estimated the fraction of Black-White differences in ovarian cancer incidence attributable to racial differences in prevalence of these characteristics. Results Decreased risks of epithelial ovarian cancer in Black women were associated with parity of four or higher (odds ratio [OR]=0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.25–1.1), breast-feeding for 6 months or longer (OR=0.85; 95% CI=0.36–2.0), and use of oral contraceptives for 6 years or longer (OR=0.62; 95% CI=0.24–1.6). A greater proportion of Black women (48%) than White women (27%) reported four or more term pregnancies, and Black women (62%) were more likely than White women (53%) to have breast-fed their children. Oral contraceptive use was more common among White women (59%) than Black women (51%). Conclusions Differences in the prevalence of other factors related to ovarian cancer risk or differences in genetic susceptibility must explain most of the Black-White differences in incidence of ovarian cancer. [J Natl Cancer Inst 85:142–147, 1993]

16. Public health interests in trade agreements on alcoholic beverages in North America [1993]

  • Ferris, Jacqueline, Room, Robin, and Giesbrecht, Norman
  • Alcohol Health & Research World. Summer 1993, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p235, 7 p.

17. New barriers to ventricular invasion in paraglottic laryngeal cancer [1994]

  • Beitler, Jonathan J., Mahadevia, Panna S., Silver, Carl E., Wadler, Scott, Rubin, John S., Bello, Jacqueline A., Mitnick, Robin J., and Vikram, Bhadrasain
  • Cancer. May 15, 1994, Vol. 73 Issue 10, p2648, 5 p.

18. The Meaning of Illness Questionnaire: further evidence for its reliability and validity. [1994]

  • Weir R, Browne G, Roberts J, Tunks E, and Gafni A
  • Pain [Pain] 1994 Sep; Vol. 58 (3), pp. 377-386.
Subjects
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Chronic Disease, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Regression Analysis, Social Support, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Life Change Events, Pain psychology, and Quality of Life
Abstract
Cognitive appraisal processes or the meaning a person gives a stressful event are believed to mediate an individual's reaction to an event and, as such, have been demonstrated to explain adjustment to illness. The purpose of this paper is to test this cognitive as well as other social and illness variables to explain the variance in a person's adjustment to chronic pain. Two hundred and twenty-two patients, who were randomly selected from an original sample of referrals to a chronic pain specialty clinic, completed a questionnaire by telephone interview or mail. The questionnaire consisted of psychosocial scales (PAIS-SR; Social Support) and cognitions including the Meaning of Illness Questionnaire (MIQ). Fifty-six percent of the sample had poor psychosocial adjustment to their pain problem. Seventy percent of the variance in adjustment was explained by social and cognitive variables which corroborates their importance. The MIQ 5-factor structure was supported and provides credible evidence of the role of cognitions in differentiating between the poor and well adjusted.

19. Developmental Expression of the Sea Urchin Egg Receptor for Sperm [1994]

  • Ohlendieck, Kay, Partin, Jacqueline S., Stears, Robin L., and Lennarz, William J.
  • Developmental Biology; September 1994, Vol. 165 Issue: 1 p53-62, 10p
Abstract
Little is known about the biochemical changes underlying the morphological differentiation of the sea urchin egg during oogenesis. Because of this and the essential role of gamete recognition in fertilization, we studied the developmental expression of the recently identified egg surface receptor for sperm during oogenesis. Consecutive stages of ovaries undergoing oogenesis over a 4-month time course were examined morphologically and assessed with respect to content of sperm receptor mRNA, as well as the content and subcellular distribution of the sperm receptor glycoprotein. Although in early oocyte stages neither mRNA encoding for the receptor nor receptor glycoprotein was detectable, at the last two stages of development the level of receptor mRNA accumulation increased dramatically. This finding correlated well with immunoblot analyses which established that sperm receptor protein was only detectable at the last two stages of egg maturation. Interestingly, immunocytochemistry showed that the formation of the receptor correlated temporally and spatially with the formation of cortical granules. In the earlier of these two stages of maturation, the receptor population identified by immunoblotting was found by immunocytochemistry to be restricted to the cortical granules and small vesicles in the cytoplasm. In contrast, at the last stage of egg maturation, sperm receptor was also detected at the surface of the oocyte, localized predominantly to the microvilli. Two receptor populations appear to exist, one in cortical granules and a second at the cell surface that may be formed via secretory vesicles. The late appearance of the receptor on the plasma membrane during oogenesis is consistent with its biological role in binding sperm to the mature egg cell surface.

20. Ambiguity and underwriter decision processes [1995]

  • Kunreuther, Howard, Meszaros, Jacqueline, Hogarth, Robin M., and Spranca, Mark
  • Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. May 1995, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p337, 1 p.

21. The Use of Magnetic Resonance Angiography prior to Pharyngeal Flap Surgery in Patients with Velocardiofacial Syndrome [1996]

  • Mitnick, Robin J., Bello, Jacqueline A., GoldingKushner, Karen J., Argamaso, Ravelo V., and Shprintzen, Robert J.
  • Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; April 1996, Vol. 97 Issue: 5 p908-919, 12p
Abstract
Twenty consecutive patients with velocardiofacial syndrome underwent magnetic resonance angiography MRA to determine if abnormalities of the neck arteries would contraindicate pharyngeal flap surgery. All 20 patients were found to have anomalies of the carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, or both. Anomalies included tortuous or kinked vertebral arteries, medially placed internal carotids, low carotid bifurcations, and tortuous or kinked internal carotids. The internal carotids were found to be almost directly under the mucous membrane of the pharynx in two patients. In these two patients, the arteries were close to the pharyngeal midline at the base of the first cervical vertebra and might easily be severed during the raising of a pharyngeal flap. Hypoplastic vertebral arteries also were found. One patient had an extra neck vessel. The anomalies of the internal carotids did not have a strong correlation with endoscopically observed pulsations in the posterior pharyngeal wall. It also was found that head position affected the location of the internal carotid arteries when they were located close to the pharyngeal mucous membrane. The information provided in the MRA studies allowed assessment of the arterial anomalies in relation to the flap donor site so that the patients in the sample who underwent pharyngeal flap surgery using a short superiorly based flap had no major bleeding complications. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 97 908, 1996.

22. Internal medicine student clubs in U.S. medical schools [1996]

  • Albritton, T., Fincher, Ruth-Marie, Mutha, Sunita, Womeodu, Robin, Kirk, Lynne, Peterson, Jacqueline, and Carson, Jeffrey
  • Journal of General Internal Medicine; July 1996, Vol. 11 Issue: 7 p440-440, 1p

23. HIV Continuum of Care: Challenges in Management [1996]

  • Goldenberg, Robin I., Bell, Stefanie H., Wright, Jacqueline, Brodeur, Sharon E., Turjanica, Mary Ann, Beckman, Loretta, and Warker, Nancy
  • Home Health Care Management and Practice; October 1996, Vol. 8 Issue: 6 p1-10, 10p
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continuum of care within the Inova Health System (IHS) has three levels of management: individual case management, linkage management, and disease-state management. Individual case management takes place at each operating unit— physician's office, hospital, home health care setting, or hospice—and has a multidisciplinary team that addresses treatment, education, therapy, and counseling. Inova Home Health and Hospice of Northern Virginia developed a staging tool to objectively determine the appropriate level of care and to provide a seamless transition between home health care and hospice. Inova's HIV Services provides the disease management component, incorporating proactive and cost-effective management of patients through the disease life cycle and across all settings.

24. Uncertainties in field-line tracing in the magnetosphere. Part I: the axisymmetric part of the internal geomagnetic field [1997]

  • Willis, D. M., Singh, J. Robin, and Comer, Jacqueline
  • Annales Geophysicae; February 1997, Vol. 15 Issue: 2 p165-180, 16p
Abstract
The technique of tracing along magnetic field lines is widely used in magnetospheric physics to provide a “magnetic frame of reference” that facilitates both the planning of experiments and the interpretation of observations. The precision of any such magnetic frame of reference depends critically on the accurate representation of the various sources of magnetic field in the magnetosphere. In order to consider this important problem systematically, a study is initiated to estimate first the uncertainties in magnetic-field-line tracing in the magnetosphere that arise solely from the published (standard) errors in the specification of the geomagnetic field of internal origin. Because of the complexity in computing these uncertainties for the complete geomagnetic field of internal origin, attention is focused in this preliminary paper on the uncertainties in magnetic-field-line tracing that result from the standard errors in just the axisymmetric part of the internal geomagnetic field. An exact analytic equation exists for the magnetic field lines of an arbitrary linear combination of axisymmetric multipoles. This equation is used to derive numerical estimates of the uncertainties in magnetic-field-line tracing that are due to the published standard errors in the axisymmetric spherical harmonic coefficients (i.e. gn0 ± dgn0). Numerical results determined from the analytic equation are compared with computational results based on stepwise numerical integration along magnetic field lines. Excellent agreement is obtained between the analytical and computational methods in the axisymmetric case, which provides great confidence in the accuracy of the computer program used for stepwise numerical integration along magnetic field lines. This computer program is then used in the following paper to estimate the uncertainties in magnetic-field-line tracing in the magnetosphere that arise from the published standard errors in the full set of spherical harmonic coefficients, which define the complete (non-axisymmetric) geomagnetic field of internal origin. Numerical estimates of the uncertainties in magnetic-field-line tracing in the magnetosphere, calculated here for the axisymmetric part of the internal geomagnetic filed, should be regarded as “first approximations” in the sense that such estimates are only as accurate as the published standard errors in the set of axisymmetric spherical harmonic coefficients. However, all procedures developed in this preliminary paper can be applied to the derivation of more realistic estimates of the uncertainties in magnetic-field-line tracing in the magnetosphere, following further progress in the determination of more accurate standard errors in the spherical harmonic coefficients.

25. Ki-67 Antigen Staining as an Adjunct to Identifying Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia [1997]

  • Dunton, Charles J., van Hoeven, Karen H., Kovatich, Al J., Oliver, Robin E., Scacheri, Robert Q., Cater, Jacqueline R., and Carlson, John A.
  • Gynecologic Oncology; March 1997, Vol. 64 Issue: 3 p451-455, 5p
Abstract
The purpose of the work was to determine the feasibility and predictive value of Ki-67 immunostaining of cervical cytology and the detection of cervical dysplasia. Air-dried cervical smears were stained with MIB-1 antibody to identify the Ki-67 antigen. Nuclear decoration in abnormal squamous nuclei determined immunoreactivity. One hundred twenty-four nonpregnant patients underwent colposcopy and directed biopsies for abnormal cytology. Sensitivity (0.89), specificity (0.65), positive predictive value (0.60), and negative predictive value (0.91) were found for Ki-67 immunostaining in detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in 124 patients and positive Ki-67 staining was a significant predictor of high-grade CIN in both univariate (odds ratio 15.5 (95% CI 5.5–43.8) and multivariable (odds ratio 21.5 (95% CI 5.0–92.0) analysis. In 101 patients with ASCUS and LGSIL, Ki-67 immunostaining demonstrated the following in detection of high-grade CIN: sensitivity (0.96), specificity (0.67), positive predictive value (0.49), and negative predictive value (0.98). Ki-67 immunostaining of cervical cytology is a predictor of significant cervical pathology with high sensitivity and negative predictive value. Ki-67 immunostaining of cervical cytology may represent a new and cost-effective triage tool for patients with minor abnormalities on cytology.

26. The Efficacy and Effectiveness of Process Consultation in Improving Staff Morale and Absenteeism [1997]

  • Weir*, Robin, †, Stewart*, Larry, †, ‡, Browne*, Gina, †, §, ¶, Roberts*, Jacqueline, §, ¶, Gafni§, Amiram, ¶, Easton*, Sandra, †, ‡, and Seymour‡, Louise
  • Medical Care; April 1997, Vol. 35 Issue: 4 p334-353, 20p
Abstract
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test the efficacy and effectiveness of process consultation consisting of a series of nurse manager-consultant problem-solving meetings for leadership development that would lead to their staff's improved morale, quality of care, and reduced absenteeism.

27. CD4-Independent Infection by HIV-2 (ROD/B): Use of the 7-Transmembrane Receptors CXCR-4, CCR-3, and V28 for Entry [1997]

  • Reeves, Jacqueline D., McKnight, ÁINE, Potempa, Sandra, Simmons, Graham, Gray, Patrick W., Power, Christine A., Wells, Timothy, Weiss, Robin A., and Talbot, Simon J.
  • Virology; April 1997, Vol. 231 Issue: 1 p130-134, 5p
Abstract
We have assayed a variety of 7tm chemokine receptors (CCR-2b, CCR-3, CCR-4, CCR-5, CXCR-1, CXCR-4) and two orphan 7tm receptors (V28 and EBI.1) for their ability to allow infection of CD4-negative feline kidney CCC cells by the HIV-2 strains ROD/A and ROD/B. We found that ROD/B was able to use CXCR-4 transiently expressed in CCC cells, and infection by ROD/A was enhanced 15-fold in the presence of sCD4. Feline CCC cells also became permissive to ROD/B and ROD/A entry when transiently transfected with the chemokine receptor CCR-3 or the orphan 7tm receptor V28, when cultured in the presence of sCD4. Entry of ROD/A into CCC cells expressing CCR-3 could be blocked by 800 ng/ml eotaxin, the natural ligand for CCR-3.

28. An evaluation of peer and professional trainers in a union-based occupational health and safety training program [1997]

  • Kurtz, Jacqueline R., Robins, Thomas G., and Schork, M. Anthony
  • Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. July 1997, Vol. 39 Issue 7, p661, 11 p.

29. Lifeline. [1997]

  • DeRosa, Robin and Blais, Jacqueline
  • USA Today (Front Page); 09/18/97, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p1D, 2 Color Photographs
Abstract
Presents interest and entertainment-related news briefs as of September 18, 1997. The `X-Files' pinball machine from Nieman Marcus; The song `You Light Up My Life,' by LeAnn Rimes; The popularity of films from the United States; More.

30. Angiogenic and HIV-inhibitory functions of KSHV-encoded chemokines [1997]

  • Boshoff, Chris, Endo, Yoshio, Collins, Paul D., Takeuchi, Yasuhiro, Reeves, Jacqueline D., Schweickart, Vicki L., Siani, Michael A., Sasaki, Takuma, Williams, Timothy J., Gray, Patrick W., Moore, Patrick S., Chang, Yuan, and Weiss, Robin A.
  • Science. Oct 10, 1997, Vol. 278 Issue 5336, p290, 5 p.

31. Reactivity of carbanions of Fischer-type carbene complexes with pyrylium salts. Synthesis of new γ-methylenepyran carbene complexes via an addition-oxidation-deprotonation process [1998]

  • Caro, Bertrand, Le Poul, Pascal, Robin-Le Guen, Françoise, Sénéchal-Tocquer, Marie-Claude, and Vaisserman, Jacqueline
  • Tetrahedron Letters; January 1998, Vol. 39 Issue: 7 p557-560, 4p
Abstract
The condensation reaction between γ-unsubstituted pyrylium salts and carbanions of Fischer-type carbene complexes allowed the synthesis of new γ-methylenepyran carbene complexes. 13C NMR data and single cristal X-ray analysis suggest a delocalisation of the oxygene lone pair of the heterocycle.

32. Randomised trial of isoniazid versus rifampicin and pyrazinamide for prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-1 infection [1998]

  • Halsey, Neal A., Coberly, Jacqueline S., Desormeaux, Julio, Losikoff, Phyllis, Atkinson, Joan, Moulton, Lawrence H., Contave, Mireil, Johnson, Michael, Davis, Homer, Geiter, Lawrence, Johnson, Erica, Huebner, Robin, Boulos, Reginald, and Chaisson, Richard E.
  • The Lancet. March 14, 1998, Vol. 351 Issue 9105, p786, 7 p.

33. Latanoprost treatment for glaucoma: effects of treating for 1 year and of switching from timolol [1998]

  • Camras, Carl B., Wax, Martin B., Ritch, Robert, Weinreb, Robert, Robin, Alan L., Higginbotham, Eve J., Lustgarten, Jacqueline, Stewart, William C., Sherwood, Mark, Krupin, Theodore, Wilensky, Jacob, Cioffi, George A., Katz, L. Jay, Schumer, Robert A., Kaufman, Paul L., Minckler, Don, Zimmerman, Thom, and Stjernschantz, Johan
  • American Journal of Ophthalmology. Sept 1998, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p390, 10 p.

34. Anger-related traits and response to interpersonal conflict among New York City traffic agents [1998]

  • Brondolo, Elizabeth, Masheb, Robin, Stores, Jacqueline, Stockhammer, Tanya, Tunick, Wendy, Melhado, Elizabeth, Karlin, William A., Schwartz, Joseph, Harburg, Ernest, and Contrada, Richard J.
  • Journal of Applied Social Psychology. Nov 16, 1998, Vol. 28 Issue 22, p2089, 3 p. 3

35. Enterocytic differentiation of the human Caco-2 cell line correlates with alterations in integrin signaling [1998]

  • Lévy, Peggy, Robin, Hélène, Kornprobst, Michel, Capeau, Jacqueline, and Cherqui, Gisèle
  • Journal of Cellular Physiology; December 1998, Vol. 177 Issue: 4 p618-627, 10p
Abstract
We previously reported that the enterocytic differentiation of human colonic Caco-2 cells correlated with down-regulation of fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LN), two extracellular matrix components interacting with cell surface integrin receptors. We now investigated whether Caco-2 cell differentiation was associated with alterations in integrin signaling with special interest in the expression and activity of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. The differentiation of Caco-2 cells was associated with: 1) down-regulation of β1 integrin expression at the mRNA and protein levels; 2) increased FAK expression together with decreased FAK autophosphorylation; 3) decreased FAK's ability to associate with PI3-kinase and pp60c-src; and 4) increased MAP kinase expression along with decreased MAP activity. In addition, we show that FAK and MAP kinase belong to distinct integrin signaling pathways and that both pathways remain functional during Caco-2 cell differentiation since the coating of differentiating cells on FN and LN but not on polylysine increased the tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK and of its endogenous substrate paxillin, and stimulated MAP kinase activity. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that FAK and MAP kinase, two signaling molecules activated independently by β1 integrins in Caco-2 cells, undergo alterations of both expression and activity during the enterocytic differentiation of this cell line. J Cell Physiol 177:618627, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

36. The quick response initiative in the emergency department: who benefits? [1999]

  • Weir, Robin, Browne, Gina, Byrne, Carolyn, Roberts, Jacqueline, Gafni, Amiram, Thompson, Arlene, Walsh, Marian, and McColl, Lynda
  • Health Care Management Science. Sept 1999, Vol. 2 Issue 3, 137

37. Insulin Antiapoptotic Signaling Involves Insulin Activation of the Nuclear Factor κB-dependent Survival Genes Encoding Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor 2 and Manganese-superoxide Dismutase* [1999]

  • Bertrand, France, Desbois-Mouthon, Christèle, Cadoret, Axelle, Prunier, Céline, Robin, Hélène, Capeau, Jacqueline, Atfi, Azeddine, and Cherqui, Gisèle
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry; October 1999, Vol. 274 Issue: 43 p30596-30602, 7p
Abstract
We recently showed that the antiapoptotic function of insulin requires nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation (Bertrand, F., Atfi, A., Cadoret, A., L'Allemain, G., Robin, H., Lascols, O., Capeau, J., and Cherqui, G. (1998) J. Biol. Chem.273, 2931–2938). Here we sought to identify the NF-κB-dependent survival genes that are activated by insulin to mediate this function. Insulin increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) mRNA and protein in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing insulin receptors (IRs). This effect required (i) IR activation since it was abrogated by IR mutation at tyrosines 1162 and 1163 and (ii) NF-κB activation since it was abolished by overexpression of dominant-negative IκB-α(A32/36) and mimicked by overexpression of the NF-κB c-Rel subunit. TRAF2 contributed to insulin protection against serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis since TRAF2 overexpression mimicked insulin protection, whereas overexpression of dominant-negative TRAF2-(87–501) reduced this process. Along with its protective effect, overexpressed TRAF2 increased basal and insulin-stimulated NF-κB activities. All effects were inhibited by IκB-α(A32/36), suggesting that an amplification loop involving TRAF2 activation of NF-κB is implicated in insulin antiapoptotic signaling. We also show that insulin increased manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) mRNA expression through NF-κB activation and that Mn-SOD contributed to insulin antiapoptotic signaling since expression of antisense Mn-SOD RNA decreased this process. This study provides the first evidence that insulin activates the NF-κB-dependent survival genes encoding TRAF2 and Mn-SOD and thereby clarifies the role of NF-κB in the antiapoptotic function of insulin.

38. The Darwin Space Interferometer. [2000]

  • Bergeron, Jacqueline, Renzini, Alvio, Penny, Alan, Leger, Alain, Laurance, Robin, and Fridlund, Malcolm
  • From Extrasolar Planets to Cosmology: The VLT Opening Symposium; 2000, p535-538, 4p
Abstract
Darwin is a mid-IR(5-30 micron) interferometry observatory with baselines greater than 50 metres. As a long-duration general purpose observatory, ESA is studying it as part of its Horizons 2000 programme for a possible launch in the 2009 - 2016 timeframe. This paper describes some of the technical, scientific and programmatic aspects of the Darwin mission as presently conceived by the ESTEC study, the Alcatel industrial study and by the members of the Darwin Team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

39. Book reviews and notices [2000]

  • Trasi, Nitin, Clooney, Francis X., Hibbets, Maria, Cronk, George, Hatcher, Brian A., Rinehart, Robin, Prentiss, Karen Pechilis, French, Hal W., Bellantoni, Lisa, Korom, Frank J., Menzies, Robert, Bailly, Constantina Rhodes, Flood, Gavin, Manring, Rebecca J., Biernacki, Loriliai, Pennington, Brian K., Grimes, John, MacPhail, Richard D., Wallis, Glenn, Thatamanil, John J., Forsthoefel, Thomas, Cush, Denise, Saikia, Yasmin, Bracken, Joseph A., Vail, Lise F., Hirst, Jacqueline Suthren, Trapnell, Judson B., Findly, Ellison Banks, Waldau, Paul, and Johnson, D. L.
  • International Journal of Hindu Studies. April, 2000, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p61, 47 p.

40. Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans and multiple myeloma [2000]

  • Bachmeyer, Claude, Guillemette, Jacqueline, Blum, Laurent, Turc, Yves, DhA[acute accent]te, Robin, Fermand, Jean-Paul, and Aractingi, Selim
  • Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. Nov 2000, Vol. 43 Issue 5, p972, 3 p.

41. Linkage and association analysis of chromosome 19q13 in multiple sclerosis [2001]

  • Pericak-Vance, Margaret, Rimmler, Jacqueline, Martin, Eden, Haines, Jonathan, Garcia, Melissa, Oksenberg, Jorge, Barcellos, Lisa, Lincoln, Robin, Goodkin, Donald, and Hauser, Stephen
  • neurogenetics; 20011001, Vol. 3 Issue: 4 p195-201, 7p
Abstract
Abstract.: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurological disorder with a complex etiology. Sibling risk, twin, and adoption studies have demonstrated that genes play a vital role in susceptibility to MS. Numerous association and linkage studies have implicated the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) as one component of the genetic etiology, but additional loci remain to be identified. Genomic screens have suggested over 50 regions that might harbor these genes, but there has been little agreement between studies. The one region suggested by all four screens resides within chromosome 19q13. Allelic associations with several markers in this region have also been described. This region has now been examined in detail in an expanded dataset of MS families from the United States. Genetic linkage and association were tested with multiple markers in this region using both parametric and non-parametric analyses. Additional support for an MS susceptibility locus was observed, primarily in families with the MS-associated HLA-DR2 allele. While consistent, this effect appears to be modest with a maximum λS=1.47, probably representing no more than 10% of the overall genetic effect in MS.

42. Association of polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein E region with susceptibility to and progression of multiple sclerosis. [2002]

  • Schmidt S, Barcellos LF, DeSombre K, Rimmler JB, Lincoln RR, Bucher P, Saunders AM, Lai E, Martin ER, Vance JM, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, Pericak-Vance MA, and Haines JL
  • American journal of human genetics [Am J Hum Genet] 2002 Mar; Vol. 70 (3), pp. 708-17. Date of Electronic Publication: 2002 Feb 11.
Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Age of Onset, Alleles, Child, Disease Progression, Female, Haplotypes genetics, Heterozygote, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Multiple Sclerosis pathology, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics, Probability, Survival Analysis, Apolipoproteins E genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Multiple Sclerosis genetics, Multiple Sclerosis physiopathology, and Polymorphism, Genetic genetics
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, with a complex etiology that includes a strong genetic component. The contribution of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been established in numerous genetic linkage and association studies. In addition to the MHC, the chromosome 19q13 region surrounding the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has shown consistent evidence of involvement in MS when family-based analyses were conducted. Furthermore, several clinical reports have suggested that the APOE-4 allele may be associated with more-severe disease and faster progression of disability. To thoroughly examine the role of APOE in MS, we genotyped its functional alleles, as well as seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located primarily within 13 kb of APOE, in a data set of 398 families. Using family-based association analysis, we found statistically significant evidence that an SNP haplotype near APOE is associated with MS susceptibility (P=.005). An analysis of disease progression in 614 patients with MS from 379 families indicated that APOE-4 carriers are more likely to be affected with severe disease (P=.03), whereas a higher proportion of APOE-2 carriers exhibit a mild disease course (P=.02).

43. Toxic equivalency factors for PAH and their applicability in shellfish pollution monitoring studies [2002]

  • Law, Robin J., Kelly, Carole, Baker, Kerry, Jones, Jacqueline, McIntosh, Alistair D., and Moffat, Colin F.
  • Journal of Environmental Monitoring; May 24, 2002, Vol. 4 Issue: 3 p383-388, 6p
Abstract
Fish and shellfish are exposed to a wide range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) following oil spills at sea, and can become contaminated as a result. Finfish have a more effective mixed-function oxidase enzyme system than shellfish, and are therefore able to metabolise and excrete PAH more effectively than the invertebrates. Thus, contamination by high-molecular weight PAH, including those with carcinogenic potential and so of concern with regard to human consumers, is therefore usually observed in shellfish, and particularly in bivalve molluscs. Oil spills are not the sole source of PAH, however, as parent compounds are also generated by a wide range of combustion processes. In this paper, consideration is given to monitoring data gathered following recent oil spills (both of crude oil and diesel fuel), alongside data from other studies. These include studies conducted around a former gasworks site and downstream of an aluminium smelter in the UK, and from mussel monitoring studies undertaken in the UK and the USA (including the Exxon Valdez oil spill and the National Status and Trends programme), and in other countries in Europe. For comparative purposes the PAH concentrations are summed and also expressed as benzo[a]pyrene equivalents, their relative concentrations being weighted in relation to the carcinogenic potential of individual PAH compounds using toxic equivalency factors (TEF). Our aim was to assess the utility of this approach in fishery resource monitoring and control following oil spills. Certainly this approach seems useful from the data assessed in this study, and the relative ranking of the various studies seems to reflect the relative degree of concern for human consumers due to the differing contamination sources. As a simple tool for control purposes it is equally applicable to PAH derived from oil spills, and from industrial and combustion sources.

44. Myogenic reactivity is reduced in small renal arteries isolated from relaxin-treated rats. [2002]

  • Novak J, Ramirez RJ, Gandley RE, Sherwood OD, and Conrad KP
  • American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology [Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol] 2002 Aug; Vol. 283 (2), pp. R349-55.
Subjects
Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Endothelin Receptor Antagonists, Endothelium, Vascular physiology, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Female, In Vitro Techniques, Infusion Pumps, Implantable, Nitric Oxide Synthase antagonists inhibitors, Peptides, Cyclic pharmacology, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Long-Evans, Receptor, Endothelin B, Vascular Patency drug effects, Vasoconstrictor Agents pharmacology, Vasodilator Agents pharmacology, Vasomotor System physiology, Arteries drug effects, Arteries physiology, Kidney blood supply, Relaxin pharmacology, and Vasomotor System drug effects
Abstract
Administration of the ovarian hormone relaxin to nonpregnant rats vasodilates the renal circulation comparable to pregnancy. This vasodilation is mediated by endothelin (ET), the ET(B) receptor, and nitric oxide. Furthermore, endogenous relaxin mediates the renal vasodilation and hyperfiltration that occur during gestation. The goal of this study was to investigate whether myogenic reactivity of small renal and mesenteric arteries is reduced in relaxin-treated rats comparable to the pregnant condition. Relaxin or vehicle was administered to virgin female Long-Evans rats for 5 days at 4 microg/h, thereby producing midgestational blood levels of the hormone. The myogenic responses of small renal arteries (200-300 microm in diameter) isolated from these animals were evaluated in an isobaric arteriograph system. Myogenic reactivity was significantly reduced in the small renal arteries from relaxin-treated compared with vehicle-treated rats. The reduced myogenic responses were mediated by the ET(B) receptor and nitric oxide since the selective ET(B) receptor antagonist RES-701-1 and the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester restored myogenic reactivity to virgin levels. The influence of relaxin was not limited to the renal circulation because myogenic reactivity was also reduced in small mesenteric arteries isolated from relaxin-treated rats. Thus relaxin administration to nonpregnant rats mimics pregnancy, insofar as myogenic reactivity of small renal and mesenteric arteries is reduced in both conditions.

45. Myogenic reactivity is reduced in small renal arteries isolated from relaxin-treated rats [2002]

  • Novak, Jacqueline, Ramirez, Rolando J.J., Gandley, Robin E., Sherwood, O. David, and Conrad, Kirk P.
  • American Journal of Physiology (Consolidated). August 2002, Vol. 283 Issue 2, pR349, 7 p.

46. Antithrombin 'DREUX' (Lys 114Glu): a variant with complete loss of heparin affinity. [2002]

  • Mushunje A, Zhou A, Huntington JA, Conard J, and Carrell RW
  • Thrombosis and haemostasis [Thromb Haemost] 2002 Sep; Vol. 88 (3), pp. 436-43.
Subjects
Animals, Antithrombin III metabolism, Binding Sites, Brain Ischemia blood, Cattle, DNA Mutational Analysis, Factor Xa Inhibitors, Family Health, Genetic Variation, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia blood, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Missense, Protein Binding genetics, Antithrombin III chemistry, Antithrombin III genetics, and Heparin metabolism
Abstract
Here we report the finding of a new natural antithrombin mutation that confirms the critical contribution of lysine 114 to the binding of the core heparin pentasaccharide, with the replacement of lysine 114 by glutamate causing a complete loss in affinity. The variant was identified in a father and son, the father having been investigated for an episode of cerebral ischaemia associated with hypercholesterolaemia. The variant forms SDS-stable complexes with activated factor X (fXa) and its thermal stability and rate of factor Xa inhibition in the absence of heparin are identical to those of normal antithrombin. Normal antithrombin binds to the high affinity heparin pentasaccharide with a Kd of 1nM, as detected by a 45% change in intrinsic fluorescence, resulting in a 230-fold increase in rate of factor Xa inhibition. However, no change in fluorescence was detected for the variant when titrated with heparin or the heparin pentasaccharide, nor was there detectable activation towards factor Xa, indicating a complete loss of heparin binding.

47. Antithrombin ‘DREUX’ (Lys114Glu): A Variant with Complete Loss of Heparin Affinity [2002]

  • Mushunje, Alec, Zhou, Aiwu, Huntington, James A., Conard, Jacqueline, and Carrell, Robin W.
  • Thrombosis and Haemostasis; September 2002, Vol. 88 Issue: 3 p436-443, 8p

48. Multiple susceptibility loci for multiple sclerosis. [2002]

  • Haines JL, Bradford Y, Garcia ME, Reed AD, Neumeister E, Pericak-Vance MA, Rimmler JB, Menold MM, Martin ER, Oksenberg JR, Barcellos LF, Lincoln R, and Hauser SL
  • Human molecular genetics [Hum Mol Genet] 2002 Sep 15; Vol. 11 (19), pp. 2251-6.
Subjects
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7, Genetic Heterogeneity, HLA-DR2 Antigen genetics, Humans, Lod Score, Multiple Sclerosis etiology, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, and Multiple Sclerosis genetics
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common and frequently disabling autoimmune disorder mediated by autoaggressive T cells and autoantibodies that target central nervous system myelin. While numerous studies have demonstrated a strong genetic component to MS, it has been difficult to identify the specific genes involved. Several genomic screens have been undertaken to locate such genes, but have not provided consistent gene localization, except for the MHC on chromosome 6p21 and a locus on chromosome 19q13. To determine which of the original genomic locations presented in the US genome screen could be replicated, a more detailed analysis of additional families was performed. The results, derived from a population of 266 affected individuals belonging to 98 multiplex families, continue to support linkage to chromosomes 6p21, 6q27, and 19q13 with LOD scores>3.0, and suggest that regions on chromosomes 12q23-24 and 16p13 may also harbor susceptibility loci for MS. Analysis taking into account the known HLA-DR2 association identified two additional potential linkage regions on chromosomes 7q21-22 and 13q33-34. These regions can now be targeted for detailed study to identify the underlying MS susceptibility genes.

49. Standards for hospital libraries 2002. [2002]

  • Gluck JC, Hassig RA, Balogh L, Bandy M, Doyle JD, Kronenfeld MR, Lindner KL, Murray K, Petersen J, and Rand DC
  • Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA [J Med Libr Assoc] 2002 Oct; Vol. 90 (4), pp. 465-72.
Subjects
Consultants, Humans, Librarians, Personnel Staffing and Scheduling standards, Societies, Workforce, Information Management standards, Libraries, Hospital standards, Library Services standards, and Professional Role
Abstract
The Medical Library Association's "Standards for Hospital Libraries 2002" have been developed as a guide for hospital administrators, librarians, and accrediting bodies to ensure that hospitals have the resources and services to effectively meet their needs for knowledge-based information. Specific requirements for knowledge-based information include that the library be a separate department with its own budget. Knowledge-based information in the library should be directed by a qualified librarian who functions as a department head and is a member of the Academy of Health Information Professionals. The standards define the role of the medical librarian and the links between knowledge-based information and other functions such as patient care, patient education, performance improvement, and education. In addition, the standards address the development and implementation of the knowledge-based information needs assessment and plans, the promotion and publicity of the knowledge-based information services, and the physical space and staffing requirements. The role, qualifications, and functions of a hospital library consultant are outlined. The health sciences library is positioned to play a key role in the hospital. The increasing use of the Internet and new information technologies by medical, nursing, and allied health staffs; patients; and the community require new strategies, strategic planning, allocation of adequate resources, and selection and evaluation of appropriate information resources and technologies. The Hospital Library Standards Committee has developed this document as a guideline to be used in facing these challenges.

50. The wages of sin: will the Vice Fund lead down the road to perdition? [2002]

  • Blumenthal, Robin Goldwyn and Doherty, Jacqueline
  • Barron's. Oct 7, 2002, Vol. 82 Issue 40, p12, 1 p.

51. Health effects of World Trade Center site workers. [2002]

  • Levin S, Herbert R, Skloot G, Szeinuk J, Teirstein A, Fischler D, Milek D, Piligian G, Wilk-Rivard E, and Moline J
  • American journal of industrial medicine [Am J Ind Med] 2002 Dec; Vol. 42 (6), pp. 545-7.
Subjects
Air Pollutants analysis, Aircraft, Humans, Musculoskeletal Diseases etiology, Musculoskeletal Diseases psychology, New York City, Occupational Diseases psychology, Occupational Health, Pilot Projects, Respiratory Tract Diseases psychology, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Occupational Diseases etiology, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Rescue Work, Respiratory Tract Diseases etiology, and Terrorism

52. Efficient production of Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase by Aspergillus awamori. [2003]

  • Lokman BC, Joosten V, Hovenkamp J, Gouka RJ, Verrips CT, and van den Hondel CA
  • Journal of biotechnology [J Biotechnol] 2003 Jun 26; Vol. 103 (2), pp. 183-90.
Subjects
Aspergillus genetics, Aspergillus growth development, Blotting, Northern, Blotting, Southern, Fermentation, Heme metabolism, Mitosporic Fungi genetics, Peroxidase metabolism, Plasmids, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Aspergillus enzymology, Biotechnology methods, Mitosporic Fungi enzymology, and Peroxidase genetics
Abstract
The heterologous production of Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase (ARP) was analysed in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus awamori under control of the inducible endoxylanase promoter. Secretion of active ARP was achieved up to 800 mg l(-1) in shake flask cultures. Western blot analysis showed that an rARP product of the correct molecular weight was produced. In contrast to several other studies about heterologous production of heme containing peroxidases, our results suggest that in A. awamori no heme limitation exists during overproduction of ARP.

53. Prevalence of obsessive compulsive disorder in first- and multi-episode male patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. [2003]

  • Koen L, Oosthuizen PP, Niehaus DJ, Emsley RA, Muller JE, Stein DJ, Keyter N, Lochner C, and Seedat S
  • South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde [S Afr Med J] 2003 Jul; Vol. 93 (7), pp. 517-8.
Subjects
Adult, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder complications, Prevalence, Racial Groups, Schizophrenia complications, South Africa epidemiology, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ethnology, and Schizophrenia ethnology

54. Butyrate-treated colonic Caco-2 cells exhibit defective integrin-mediated signaling together with increased apoptosis and differentiation. [2003]

  • Lévy P, Robin H, Bertrand F, Kornprobst M, and Capeau J
  • Journal of cellular physiology [J Cell Physiol] 2003 Dec; Vol. 197 (3), pp. 336-47.
Subjects
Apoptosis drug effects, Butyrates pharmacology, Caco-2 Cells, Carcinoma drug therapy, Carcinoma metabolism, Carcinoma physiopathology, Caspase 3, Caspases drug effects, Caspases metabolism, Cell Adhesion drug effects, Cell Differentiation drug effects, Colonic Neoplasms drug therapy, Colonic Neoplasms metabolism, Colonic Neoplasms physiopathology, Down-Regulation drug effects, Down-Regulation physiology, Focal Adhesion Kinase 1, Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Humans, Integrin beta1 drug effects, Integrin beta1 metabolism, Integrins drug effects, Intestinal Mucosa drug effects, NF-kappa B drug effects, NF-kappa B metabolism, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases drug effects, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Phosphorylation drug effects, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases drug effects, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins drug effects, Proto-Oncogene Proteins metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 drug effects, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 metabolism, Signal Transduction drug effects, Signal Transduction physiology, Sucrase drug effects, Sucrase metabolism, Apoptosis physiology, Cell Adhesion physiology, Cell Differentiation physiology, Integrins metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, and Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
Abstract
We previously reported that the enterocytic differentiation of human colonic Caco-2 cells correlated with alterations in integrin signaling. We now investigated whether differentiation and apoptosis of Caco-2 cells induced by the short-chain fatty acid butyrate (NaBT) was associated with alterations in the integrin-mediated signaling pathway with special interest in the expression and activity of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), of the downstream phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI 3-kinase)-Akt pathway and in the role of the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). NaBT increased the level of sucrase. It induced apoptosis as shown by: (1) decreased Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) proteins and increased Bax protein; (2) activation of caspase-3; and (3) increased shedding of apoptotic cells in the medium. This effect was associated with defective integrin-mediated signaling as shown by: (1) down-regulation of beta1 integrin expression; 2) decreased FAK expression and tyrosine phosphorylation; (3) concerted alterations in cytoskeletal and structural focal adhesions proteins (talin, ezrin); and (4) decreased FAK ability to associate with PI 3-kinase. However, in Caco-2 cells, beta1-mediated signaling failed to be activated downstream of FAK and PI 3-kinase at the level of Akt. Transfection studies show that NaBT treatment of Caco-2 cells promoted a significant activation of the NF-kappaB which was probably involved in the NaBT-induced apoptosis. Our results indicate that the prodifferentiating agent NaBT induced apoptosis of Caco-2 cells probably through NF-kappaB activation together with a defective beta1 integrin-FAK-PI 3-kinase pathways signaling.

55. Firing patterns of type II spiral ganglion neurons in vitro. [2004]

  • Reid MA, Flores-Otero J, and Davis RL
  • The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience [J Neurosci] 2004 Jan 21; Vol. 24 (3), pp. 733-42.
Subjects
Action Potentials physiology, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Cochlear Nerve physiology, Culture Techniques, Electric Stimulation methods, Immunohistochemistry, Kv1.1 Potassium Channel, Mice, Mice, Inbred CBA, Neurons classification, Neurons metabolism, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Potassium Channels biosynthesis, Protein Subunits biosynthesis, Reaction Time physiology, Neurons physiology, Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated, and Spiral Ganglion cytology
Abstract
Type I and type II spiral ganglion neurons convey auditory information from the sensory receptors in the cochlea to the CNS. The numerous type I neurons have been extensively characterized, but the small population of type II neurons with their unmyelinated axons are undetectable with most recording methods. Despite the paucity of information about the type II neurons, it is clear that they must have a significant role in sound processing because they innervate the large number of outer hair cells that are critical for maintaining normal responses to stimuli. To elucidate the function of type II neurons, we have developed an approach for studying their electrophysiological features in vitro. Type II neurons obtained from postnatal day 6-7 mice displayed distinctly different firing properties than type I neurons. They showed slower accommodation, lower action potential thresholds, and more prolonged responses to depolarizing current injection than the type I neurons. These differences were most evident in neurons from the basal, high-frequency region of the cochlea. The basal type I neurons displayed uniformly fast firing features, whereas the basal type II neurons showed particularly slow accommodation and responses to depolarization. Interestingly, neurons from the apical, low-frequency region of the cochlea showed the opposite trend. These data suggest that the type I and type II neurons have specialized electrophysiological characteristics tailored to their different roles in auditory signal processing. In particular, the type II neuron properties are consistent with cells in other sensory systems that receive convergent synaptic input for high-sensitivity stimulus detection.

56. Investigation of seven proposed regions of linkage in multiple sclerosis: an American and French collaborative study. [2004]

  • Pericak-Vance MA, Rimmler JB, Haines JL, Garcia ME, Oksenberg JR, Barcellos LF, Lincoln R, Hauser SL, Cournu-Rebeix I, Azoulay-Cayla A, Lyon-Caen O, Fontaine B, Duhamel E, Coppin H, Brassat D, Roth MP, Clanet M, Alizadeh M, Yaouanq J, Quelvennec E, Semana G, Edan G, Babron MC, Genin E, and Clerget-Darpoux F
  • Neurogenetics [Neurogenetics] 2004 Feb; Vol. 5 (1), pp. 45-8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2003 Nov 01.
Subjects
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, Cooperative Behavior, France, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, HLA-DR Antigens genetics, HLA-DR Serological Subtypes, Humans, United States, Genetic Linkage genetics, and Multiple Sclerosis genetics
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease with a strong yet complex genetic component. To date only the HLA-DR locus, and specifically the HLA-DR15 allele, has been identified and confirmed as influencing the risk of developing MS. Genomic screens on several datasets have been performed and have identified several chromosomal regions with interesting results, but none have yet been confirmed. We tested seven of the most-promising regions (on chromosomes 1p, 2p, 3p, 3q, 5q, 19q, and Xp) identified from several genomic screens in a dataset of 98 multiplex MS families from the United States and 90 multiplex MS families from France. The results did not confirm linkage to 2p, 3q, 5q, or Xp in the overall dataset, or in subsets defined by geographic origin or HLA-DR15 status. Regions on 1p34, 3p14, and 19q13 produced lod scores >0.90 in at least one subset of the data, suggesting that these regions should be examined in more detail.

57. Evaluation of Urgotul plus K-Four compression for venous leg ulcers [2004]

  • Smith, Jacqueline, Hill, Jayne, Barrett, Simon, Hayes, Wendy, Kirby, Pamela, Walsh, Sally, Gittins, Eleri, Whitehurst, Fran, and Cooper, Robin
  • British Journal of Nursing; March 2004, Vol. 13 Issue: Supplement 1 pS20-S28, 9p
Abstract
In this non-comparative clinical evaluation, 36 subjects with venous leg ulcers, 85% of which were indolent or deteriorating, were treated with Urgotul® lipidocolloid wound dressing and the K-Four® multilayer compression bandaging system for 12 weeks or to healing — whichever occurred first. Results show that Urgotul® was an ideal dressing in combination with K-Four®, being easy to apply (98.7%) and remove (98.1%), and largely pain-free (95.6%) and non-adherent (99.7%). In a patient group of ‘hard-to-heal’ ulcers, 50% of the ulcers healed within the treatment period. Ulcers not healed after 12 weeks achieved almost 50% area reduction on average. The treatment combination proved safe, with only one of seven adverse events reported being probably related to the products used. This study supports the use of a combination of Urgotul® dressing and K-Four® compression to provide a ‘matched’ treatment for venous leg ulcers.

58. Anxiety disorders and schizophrenia [2004]

  • Muller, Jacqueline E., Koen, Liezl, Seedat, Soraya, Emsley, Robin A., and Stein, Daniel J.
  • Current Psychiatry Reports. July, 2004, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p255, 7 p.

59. Meta-analysis of 13 genome scans reveals multiple cleft lip/palate genes with novel loci on 9q21 and 2q32-35. [2004]

  • Marazita ML, Murray JC, Lidral AC, Arcos-Burgos M, Cooper ME, Goldstein T, Maher BS, Daack-Hirsch S, Schultz R, Mansilla MA, Field LL, Liu YE, Prescott N, Malcolm S, Winter R, Ray A, Moreno L, Valencia C, Neiswanger K, Wyszynski DF, Bailey-Wilson JE, Albacha-Hejazi H, Beaty TH, McIntosh I, Hetmanski JB, Tunçbilek G, Edwards M, Harkin L, Scott R, and Roddick LG
  • American journal of human genetics [Am J Hum Genet] 2004 Aug; Vol. 75 (2), pp. 161-73. Date of Electronic Publication: 2004 Jun 04.
Subjects
Genetic Linkage, Genetic Markers, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Lod Score, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, Cleft Lip genetics, and Cleft Palate genetics
Abstract
Isolated or nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common birth defect with a complex etiology. A 10-cM genome scan of 388 extended multiplex families with CL/P from seven diverse populations (2,551 genotyped individuals) revealed CL/P genes in six chromosomal regions, including a novel region at 9q21 (heterogeneity LOD score [HLOD]=6.6). In addition, meta-analyses with the addition of results from 186 more families (six populations; 1,033 genotyped individuals) showed genomewide significance for 10 more regions, including another novel region at 2q32-35 (P=.0004). These are the first genomewide significant linkage results ever reported for CL/P, and they represent an unprecedented demonstration of the power of linkage analysis to detect multiple genes simultaneously for a complex disorder.

60. Positive end-expiratory pressure above lower inflection point minimizes influx of activated neutrophils into lung. [2004]

  • Monkman SL, Andersen CC, Nahmias C, Ghaffer H, Bourgeois JM, Roberts RS, Schmidt B, and Kirpalani HM
  • Critical care medicine [Crit Care Med] 2004 Dec; Vol. 32 (12), pp. 2471-5.
Subjects
Animals, Animals, Newborn, Biopsy, Needle, Cell Movement, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Immunohistochemistry, Lung Compliance, Male, Positron-Emission Tomography, Probability, Pulmonary Ventilation, Random Allocation, Respiratory Distress Syndrome diagnostic imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tidal Volume, Neutrophils physiology, Positive-Pressure Respiration methods, Respiratory Distress Syndrome pathology, and Respiratory Distress Syndrome therapy
Abstract
Objectives: To compare the effects of low vs. high tidal volume (Vt) with three positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) strategies on activated neutrophil influx into the lung.
Design: Prospective, randomized controlled animal study.
Setting: Animal laboratory in a university hospital.
Subjects: Newborn piglets.
Interventions: Surfactant-depleted piglets were randomized in littermate pairs; to PEEP of either 0 (zero end-expiratory pressure [ZEEP]; n = 6), 8 cm H2O (PEEP 8; n = 5), or 1 cm H2O above the lower inflection point (LIP) (PEEP>LIP; n = 6). Within each pair piglets were randomized to a low VT (5-7 mL/kg) or high VT strategy (17-19 mL/kg). After 4 hrs of mechanical ventilation, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) was injected and positron emission tomography scanning was performed.
Measurements and Main Results: VT and PEEP changes on influx constants of 18FDG were assessed by analysis of variance. A within-litter comparison of Vt was nonsignificant (p = .50). A between-litter comparison, ordered in linear trend rank, from ZEEP, to PEEP 8, to PEEP>LIP, showed a strong effect of PEEP on influx constant (p = .019).
Conclusions: PEEP set above the LIP on the inspiratory limb of the pressure-volume curve affords a stronger lung protection than VT strategy.

61. Obsessive compulsive disorder--prevalence in Xhosa-speaking schizophrenia patients. [2005]

  • Niehaus DJ, Koen L, Muller J, Laurent C, Stein DJ, Lochner C, Seedat S, Mbanga I, Deleuze JF, Mallet J, and Emsley RA
  • South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde [S Afr Med J] 2005 Feb; Vol. 95 (2), pp. 120-2.
Subjects
Adult, Comorbidity, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder complications, Prevalence, Schizophrenia epidemiology, Schizophrenia ethnology, Schizophrenic Psychology, South Africa epidemiology, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder epidemiology, and Schizophrenia complications
Abstract
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has been reported in up to 31% of schizophrenia sufferers. This study evaluated the presence of OCD in a Xhosa-speaking schizophrenia group. Xhosa patients (N = 509, including 100 sibships) with schizophrenia were recruited from hospital and community settings. The patients underwent a structured clinical interview for the presence of lifetime co-morbid schizophrenia and OCD. Only 3 patients (0.5%) fulfilled criteria for OCD. No concordance for OCD was noted in the sibship group. Our findings differ from those in other parts of the world, and if replicated, might suggest unique protective environmental or genetic factors for OCD in certain ethnic groups.

62. The prevalence, correlates, and costs of depression in people living with HIV/AIDS in Ontario: implications for service directions. [2005]

  • Williams P, Narciso L, Browne G, Roberts J, Weir R, and Gafni A
  • AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education [AIDS Educ Prev] 2005 Apr; Vol. 17 (2), pp. 119-30.
Subjects
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Age Distribution, Comorbidity, Female, HIV Infections psychology, Health Care Costs statistics numerical data, Health Care Surveys, Health Expenditures statistics numerical data, Health Services statistics numerical data, Health Status, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ontario epidemiology, Prevalence, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Depression economics, Depression epidemiology, HIV Infections economics, and HIV Infections epidemiology
Abstract
As new technologies extend the lives of people living with HIV/AIDS (PHA), the need increases for services that optimize their quality-of-life cost effectively. This study of PHAs (n = 297) in Ontario, Canada, examined the prevalence of depression, and its association with quality-of-life, coping strategies, social support, and use of health and social services. Results showed that depression was widespread (54.2%) and largely unrelated to demographic characteristics, but associated with diminished health status, health-related quality-of-life, and coping strategies. Depressed PHAs used significantly more crisis health care and related services, and community-based HIV/AIDS service organizations (ASOs). Findings suggest quality-of-life of PHAs may be improved by expanding the capacity of ASO workers to recognize and address depression, including helping depressed PHA access appropriate medication and sustain medication regimes.

63. Standards for hospital libraries 2002 with 2004 revisions. [2005]

  • Hassig RA, Balogh L, Bandy M, Doyle JD, Gluck JC, Lindner KL, Reich B, and Varner D
  • Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA [J Med Libr Assoc] 2005 Apr; Vol. 93 (2), pp. 282-3.
Subjects
Humans, Information Management standards, Library Associations standards, Professional Role, United States, Information Storage and Retrieval standards, Librarians, Libraries, Hospital standards, and Library Services standards

64. Over- and underdosage of SOX3 is associated with infundibular hypoplasia and hypopituitarism. [2005]

  • Woods KS, Cundall M, Turton J, Rizotti K, Mehta A, Palmer R, Wong J, Chong WK, Al-Zyoud M, El-Ali M, Otonkoski T, Martinez-Barbera JP, Thomas PQ, Robinson IC, Lovell-Badge R, Woodward KJ, and Dattani MT
  • American journal of human genetics [Am J Hum Genet] 2005 May; Vol. 76 (5), pp. 833-49. Date of Electronic Publication: 2005 Mar 30.
Subjects
Adolescent, Base Sequence, Child, Child, Preschool, Choristoma genetics, Chromosomes, Human, X, Gene Duplication, Human Growth Hormone deficiency, Humans, Infant, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Pedigree, Phenotype, Pituitary Gland, Anterior, Polymorphism, Genetic, SOXB1 Transcription Factors, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, High Mobility Group Proteins genetics, Hypopituitarism genetics, Pituitary Gland, Posterior abnormalities, and Transcription Factors genetics
Abstract
Duplications of Xq26-27 have been implicated in the etiology of X-linked hypopituitarism associated with mental retardation (MR). Additionally, an expansion of a polyalanine tract (by 11 alanines) within the transcription factor SOX3 (Xq27.1) has been reported in patients with growth hormone deficiency and variable learning difficulties. We report a submicroscopic duplication of Xq27.1, the smallest reported to date (685.6 kb), in two siblings with variable hypopituitarism, callosal abnormalities, anterior pituitary hypoplasia (APH), an ectopic posterior pituitary (EPP), and an absent infundibulum. This duplication contains SOX3 and sequences corresponding to two transcripts of unknown function; only Sox3 is expressed in the infundibulum in mice. Next, we identified a novel seven-alanine expansion within a polyalanine tract in SOX3 in a family with panhypopituitarism in three male siblings with an absent infundibulum, severe APH, and EPP. This mutation led to reduced transcriptional activity, with impaired nuclear localization of the mutant protein. We also identified a novel polymorphism (A43T) in SOX3 in another child with hypopituitarism. In contrast to findings in previous studies, there was no evidence of MR or learning difficulties in our patients. We conclude that both over- and underdosage of SOX3 are associated with similar phenotypes, consisting of infundibular hypoplasia and hypopituitarism but not necessarily MR.

65. Characteristics of people living with HIV who use community-based services in Ontario, Canada: implications for service providers. [2005]

  • Williams P, Narciso L, Browne G, Roberts J, Weir R, and Gafni A
  • The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC [J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care] 2005 Jul-Aug; Vol. 16 (4), pp. 50-63.
Subjects
Adaptation, Psychological, Chi-Square Distribution, Community Health Services economics, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression virology, Female, Financing, Personal statistics numerical data, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections epidemiology, Health Care Surveys, Health Expenditures statistics numerical data, Health Services Needs and Demand, Health Status, Health Surveys, Humans, Karnofsky Performance Status, Male, Ontario epidemiology, Poverty psychology, Poverty statistics numerical data, Quality of Life, Social Work statistics numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Community Health Services statistics numerical data, HIV Infections psychology, Patient Acceptance of Health Care psychology, and Patient Acceptance of Health Care statistics numerical data
Abstract
Community-based AIDS service organizations (CBAOs) direct services to multiple-needs people living with HIV/AIDS who are less likely to use mainstream health promotion services. As people live longer with HIV, the potential to enhance quality of life increases, yet little is known about who uses CBAOs or how this use affects other health and social services. This study of people living with AIDS in Ontario, Canada (n = 297) examined the demographic and health-related characteristics of people with AIDS who do and do not use CBAOs and their patterns of mainstream service utilization. It found that users of CBAOs were significantly less healthy, less able to sustain normal activities, and more often depressed. They reported physical disabilities significantly more often. Their quality of life was also lower along certain dimensions. They were significantly poorer and more reliant on government income supports. They consumed significantly more nonhospital health and social services and had significantly higher out-of-pocket costs. These results suggest CBAOs are being accessed appropriately by those most vulnerable. In an effort to strengthen CBAO capacity to recognize and address depression and physical health problems prevalent among their clients, links to other mainstream health promotion and social services is recommended.

66. A high-density screen for linkage in multiple sclerosis. [2005]

  • Sawcer S, Ban M, Maranian M, Yeo TW, Compston A, Kirby A, Daly MJ, De Jager PL, Walsh E, Lander ES, Rioux JD, Hafler DA, Ivinson A, Rimmler J, Gregory SG, Schmidt S, Pericak-Vance MA, Akesson E, Hillert J, Datta P, Oturai A, Ryder LP, Harbo HF, Spurkland A, Myhr KM, Laaksonen M, Booth D, Heard R, Stewart G, Lincoln R, Barcellos LF, Hauser SL, Oksenberg JR, Kenealy SJ, and Haines JL
  • American journal of human genetics [Am J Hum Genet] 2005 Sep; Vol. 77 (3), pp. 454-67. Date of Electronic Publication: 2005 Jul 29.
Subjects
Australia, Chromosome Mapping, Europe, Family, Genetic Markers genetics, Genomics methods, Humans, Middle Aged, United States, Chromosomes, Human genetics, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Predisposition to Disease genetics, Genetic Testing methods, and Multiple Sclerosis genetics
Abstract
To provide a definitive linkage map for multiple sclerosis, we have genotyped the Illumina BeadArray linkage mapping panel (version 4) in a data set of 730 multiplex families of Northern European descent. After the application of stringent quality thresholds, data from 4,506 markers in 2,692 individuals were included in the analysis. Multipoint nonparametric linkage analysis revealed highly significant linkage in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6p21 (maximum LOD score [MLS] 11.66) and suggestive linkage on chromosomes 17q23 (MLS 2.45) and 5q33 (MLS 2.18). This set of markers achieved a mean information extraction of 79.3% across the genome, with a Mendelian inconsistency rate of only 0.002%. Stratification based on carriage of the multiple sclerosis-associated DRB1*1501 allele failed to identify any other region of linkage with genomewide significance. However, ordered-subset analysis suggested that there may be an additional locus on chromosome 19p13 that acts independent of the main MHC locus. These data illustrate the substantial increase in power that can be achieved with use of the latest tools emerging from the Human Genome Project and indicate that future attempts to systematically identify susceptibility genes for multiple sclerosis will have to involve large sample sizes and an association-based methodology.

67. Longitudinal study of inpatients admitted to a general activation service: variables that predict discharge to a patient's discharge goal location. [2005]

  • Blackman-Weinberg C, Crook J, Roberts J, and Weir R
  • Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation [Arch Phys Med Rehabil] 2005 Sep; Vol. 86 (9), pp. 1782-7.
Subjects
Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Inpatients, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Ontario, Patient Transfer, Predictive Value of Tests, Probability, Prospective Studies, Recovery of Function, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Treatment Outcome, Activities of Daily Living, Continuity of Patient Care organization administration, Patient Discharge, Physical Therapy Modalities, and Rehabilitation Centers organization administration
Abstract
Objective: To determine which sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients admitted to a general activation service (GAS) are predictive of discharge to patients' discharge goal locations (DGLs).
Design: Prospective cohort study.
Setting: Rehabilitation and complex continuing care hospital in southern Ontario, Canada.
Participants: Patients admitted from January 2000 to December 2002 (N=154).
Intervention: The GAS.
Main Outcome Measure: Patients indicated on their service applications where they wanted to be discharged. This is termed the DGL.
Results: Fifty-three percent of the sample were discharged to their DGLs. Ninety-eight percent of these patients were discharged by 9 months. Eighty-seven percent who were discharged to their DGLs were discharged to their own home. Predictors of being discharged to the DGL were better activities of daily living scores, good vision, and having sufficient help at home. Expert clinician opinion of the likelihood of each patient being discharged to his/her DGL, based on initial assessment, was also predictive of each patient's eventual discharge to his/her DGL.
Conclusions: The GAS has a 53% success rate in discharging patients to their DGLs. Variables have been identified that should be useful in predicting whether patients will be discharged to their DGLs. Our findings are meaningful and informative in determining future admission criteria for the service.

68. A case of "ifufunyane": a xhosa culture-bound syndrome. [2005]

  • Niehaus DJ, Stein DJ, Koen L, Lochner C, Muller JE, Mbanga NI, Emsley RA, and Gorman JM
  • Journal of psychiatric practice [J Psychiatr Pract] 2005 Nov; Vol. 11 (6), pp. 411-3.
Subjects
Adult, Antipsychotic Agents therapeutic use, Humans, Hysteria drug therapy, Male, Religion and Psychology, South Africa, Syndrome, Culture, Hysteria psychology, and Hysteria rehabilitation

69. Positive and negative symptoms in affected sib pairs with schizophrenia: implications for genetic studies in an African Xhosa sample. [2005]

  • Niehaus DJ, Koen L, Laurent C, Muller J, Deleuze JF, Mallet J, Seller C, Jordaan E, and Emsley R
  • Schizophrenia research [Schizophr Res] 2005 Nov 15; Vol. 79 (2-3), pp. 239-49. Date of Electronic Publication: 2005 Jul 01.
Subjects
Adult, Chi-Square Distribution, Demography, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Family Health, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenia complications, Severity of Illness Index, South Africa epidemiology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Schizophrenia diagnosis, Schizophrenia epidemiology, Schizophrenic Psychology, and Sibling Relations
Abstract
Careful phenotyping and the identification of subtypes of schizophrenia can contribute significantly to the success of genetic studies in schizophrenia. The phenomenology of schizophrenia in affected sib pairs has been well-described in Caucasian populations, however a paucity of data exists for African populations. This study therefore investigated symptom dimensions in a sizeable group of affected Xhosa sib pairs as a means of evaluating the role of shared familial factors in the psychosis of schizophrenia. Five hundred and thirteen participants were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS), which included the Schedules for the Assessment of Negative and Positive symptoms (SANS/SAPS). One hundred and four sib pairs were then extracted (N = 208) for analysis of concordance for lifetime psychotic symptoms and an exploratory factor analysis of the SANS/SAPS. Concordance analysis of life-time symptoms indicated a significant concordance for olfactory hallucinations, persecutory delusions, jealousy, somatic, reference and control delusions as well as thought insertion and withdrawal. The factor analysis of the global scores of the SAPS and SANS revealed a five factor best-fit model and accounted for 92.5% of variance. The factors included a negative symptom factor, a positive symptom factor, a positive thought disorder and a bizarre behaviour component. The core symptomatology of schizophrenia in this sib pair sample was similar to that reported in Caucasian populations with the exception of higher rates of auditory hallucinations and delusions of persecution. In summary therefore; although the factor analysis only supported the concept of the universality of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia, the concordance analysis of these symptoms did reveal hallucinations as well as delusions of control as possible candidates relevant for future research into genotype-phenotype relationships.

70. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1,2,4-triazoles as a novel class of potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors. [2005]

  • Ouyang X, Chen X, Piatnitski EL, Kiselyov AS, He HY, Mao Y, Pattaropong V, Yu Y, Kim KH, Kincaid J, Smith L 2nd, Wong WC, Lee SP, Milligan DL, Malikzay A, Fleming J, Gerlak J, Deevi D, Doody JF, Chiang HH, Patel SN, Wang Y, Rolser RL, Kussie P, Labelle M, and Tuma MC
  • Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters [Bioorg Med Chem Lett] 2005 Dec 01; Vol. 15 (23), pp. 5154-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2005 Sep 28.
Subjects
Antineoplastic Agents chemical synthesis, Humans, Microtubules drug effects, Molecular Structure, Structure-Activity Relationship, Triazoles chemical synthesis, Tubulin Modulators chemical synthesis, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Antineoplastic Agents chemistry, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Triazoles chemistry, Triazoles pharmacology, Tubulin Modulators chemistry, and Tubulin Modulators pharmacology
Abstract
A novel triazole-containing chemical series was shown to inhibit tubulin polymerization and cause cell cycle arrest in A431 cancer cells with EC(50) values in the single digit nanomolar range. Binding experiments demonstrated that representative active compounds of this class compete with colchicine for its binding site on tubulin. The syntheses and structure-activity relationship studies for the triazole derivatives are described herein.

71. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus epidemic clone USA300 in isolates from Florida and Washington. [2006]

  • Roberts JC, Krueger RL, Peak KK, Veguilla W, Cannons AC, Amuso PT, and Cattani J
  • Journal of clinical microbiology [J Clin Microbiol] 2006 Jan; Vol. 44 (1), pp. 225-6.
Subjects
Community-Acquired Infections epidemiology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Florida epidemiology, Humans, Staphylococcus aureus isolation purification, Washington epidemiology, Wound Infection epidemiology, Wound Infection microbiology, Community-Acquired Infections microbiology, Methicillin pharmacology, Methicillin Resistance, Staphylococcal Infections epidemiology, and Staphylococcus aureus drug effects
Abstract
We examined 299 methicillin-resistant, community-associated Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Florida and Washington State for the presence of the USA300 epidemic clone. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis demonstrated the epidemic clone in 43% of our S. aureus strains and in isolates from both states. The majority of the USA300 isolates (88%) were from wound infections.

72. Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusEpidemic Clone USA300 in Isolates from Florida and Washington [2006]

  • Roberts, Jill C., Krueger, Robin L., Peak, K. Kealy, Veguilla, William, Cannons, Andrew C., Amuso, Philip T., and Cattani, Jacqueline
  • Journal of Clinical Microbiology; January 2006, Vol. 44 Issue: 1 p225-226, 2p
Abstract
ABSTRACTWe examined 299 methicillin-resistant, community-associated Staphylococcus aureusisolates from Florida and Washington State for the presence of the USA300 epidemic clone. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis demonstrated the epidemic clone in 43% of our S. aureusstrains and in isolates from both states. The majority of the USA300 isolates (88%) were from wound infections.

73. Oxadiazole derivatives as a novel class of antimitotic agents: Synthesis, inhibition of tubulin polymerization, and activity in tumor cell lines. [2006]

  • Ouyang X, Piatnitski EL, Pattaropong V, Chen X, He HY, Kiselyov AS, Velankar A, Kawakami J, Labelle M, Smith L 2nd, Lohman J, Lee SP, Malikzay A, Fleming J, Gerlak J, Wang Y, Rosler RL, Zhou K, Mitelman S, Camara M, Surguladze D, Doody JF, and Tuma MC
  • Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters [Bioorg Med Chem Lett] 2006 Mar 01; Vol. 16 (5), pp. 1191-6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2006 Jan 11.
Subjects
Animals, Antimitotic Agents chemistry, Antimitotic Agents classification, Biopolymers chemistry, Biopolymers metabolism, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Mice, Molecular Structure, Oxadiazoles chemical synthesis, Oxadiazoles classification, Protein Conformation drug effects, Structure-Activity Relationship, Antimitotic Agents chemical synthesis, Antimitotic Agents pharmacology, Oxadiazoles chemistry, Oxadiazoles pharmacology, Tubulin chemistry, and Tubulin metabolism
Abstract
Oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization and to cause mitotic arrest in tumor cells. The most potent compounds inhibited tubulin polymerization at concentrations below 1 microM. Lead analogs caused mitotic arrest of A431 human epidermoid cells and cells derived from multi-drug resistant tumors (10, EC(50)=7.8 nM). Competition for the colchicine binding site and pharmacokinetic properties of selected potent compounds were also investigated and are reported herein, along with structure-activity relationships for this novel series of antimitotic agents.

74. Moderate ascorbate deficiency increases myogenic tone of arteries from pregnant but not virgin ascorbate-dependent rats. [2006]

  • Ramirez RJ, Hubel CA, Novak J, DiCianno JR, Kagan VE, and Gandley RE
  • Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) [Hypertension] 2006 Mar; Vol. 47 (3), pp. 454-60. Date of Electronic Publication: 2006 Jan 23.
Subjects
Administration, Oral, Animals, Antioxidants administration dosage, Ascorbic Acid administration dosage, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Fetal Weight drug effects, Gestational Age, Methacholine Chloride pharmacology, Phenylephrine pharmacology, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Mutant Strains, Vasoconstrictor Agents pharmacology, Vasodilator Agents pharmacology, Vasomotor System drug effects, Antioxidants pharmacology, Ascorbic Acid pharmacology, Ascorbic Acid Deficiency physiopathology, Mesenteric Arteries physiopathology, Pregnancy Complications physiopathology, and Vasomotor System physiopathology
Abstract
Plasma ascorbic acid is decreased in women with the pregnancy disorder preeclampsia. We used a mutant strain of rats (Osteogenic Disorder Shionogi), dependent on dietary sources of vitamin C, to investigate whether reduced intake of the vitamin would differentially affect vascular function in late-pregnant (day 19) and age-matched virgin rats. The animals were given either 1 mg/mL of ascorbic acid ad libitum in drinking water [fully supplemented (FS)] or 0.25 mg/mL [marginally supplemented (MS)]. Fetal weights were 21% lower in MS than FS rats, whereas mean maternal weights and pup numbers did not differ. Small mesenteric arteries (diameter, 268+/-7 microm) were mounted in a pressurized arteriograph. Myogenic reactivity (contractile response to step increases in intraluminal pressure) was increased in arteries from MS pregnant compared with FS pregnant rats to levels observed in virgin rats. Ascorbic acid intake did not affect myogenic responses of arteries from virgin rats. Hence, the normal pregnancy-induced reduction in myogenic reactivity was abrogated in MS pregnant animals. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase had no effect on the myogenicity of arteries from virgin or MS pregnant rats but increased myogenicity of FS pregnant rats to the level of MS pregnant rats. Free radical scavengers reversed the accentuated myogenicity of MS pregnant rats without affecting FS pregnant or virgin rat arteries. These data indicate that moderate ascorbate deprivation increases mesenteric artery myogenic responsiveness during pregnancy. This increase may result from a decrease in nitric oxide-mediated modulation of the myogenic contractile response.

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76. Tricyclic azepine derivatives: pyrimido[4,5-b]-1,4-benzoxazepines as a novel class of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase inhibitors. [2006]

  • Smith L 2nd, Piatnitski EL, Kiselyov AS, Ouyang X, Chen X, Burdzovic-Wizemann S, Xu Y, Pan W, Chen X, Wang Y, Rosler RL, Patel SN, Chiang HH, Milligan DL, Columbus J, Wong WC, Doody JF, and Hadari YR
  • Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters [Bioorg Med Chem Lett] 2006 Mar 15; Vol. 16 (6), pp. 1643-6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2006 Jan 18.
Subjects
Adenosine Triphosphate metabolism, Azepines chemistry, Binding Sites, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Humans, Molecular Structure, Phosphorylation drug effects, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases antagonists inhibitors, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases antagonists inhibitors, Receptor, ErbB-2 antagonists inhibitors, Structure-Activity Relationship, Substrate Specificity, Azepines chemical synthesis, Azepines pharmacology, ErbB Receptors antagonists inhibitors, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemical synthesis, and Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology
Abstract
A novel class of pyrimido[4,5-b]-1,4-benzoxazepines is described as inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. Two compounds display potent EGFR inhibitory activity of less than 1 microM in cellular phosphorylation assays (IC(50) 0.47-0.69 microM) and are highly selective against a small kinase panel. Such compounds demonstrate anti-EGFR activity within a class that is different from any known EGFR inhibitor scaffolds. They also provide a basis for the design of kinase inhibitors with the desired selectivity profile.

77. Health consequences of the September 11 World Trade Center attacks: a review. [2006]

  • Moline J, Herbert R, and Nguyen N
  • Cancer investigation [Cancer Invest] 2006 Apr-May; Vol. 24 (3), pp. 294-301.
Subjects
Anxiety epidemiology, Asbestos adverse effects, Construction Materials adverse effects, Depression epidemiology, Dust, Humans, Inhalation Exposure adverse effects, Mineral Fibers adverse effects, Neoplasms epidemiology, Particle Size, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons adverse effects, Respiratory Tract Diseases epidemiology, Respiratory Tract Diseases etiology, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic epidemiology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic etiology, Air Pollutants adverse effects, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, and September 11 Terrorist Attacks psychology
Abstract
In the aftermath of the September 11 World Trade Center (WTC) attack, a large number of people sustained potential exposures to smoke, dust, particulate matter, and a variety of toxins, including asbestos, pulverized concrete, glass fibers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated furans and dioxins. Additionally, many had exposure to psychological traumatogens. The most common effects seen to date are respiratory and mental health consequences. The long-term consequences of exposures are not yet known, and there remains concern about the potential for late-emerging diseases such as cancers. This article reviews WTC-related health effects, the spectrum of exposures and how they were documented, and discusses future preventive efforts.

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79. Health promotion for frail older home care clients. [2006]

  • Markle-Reid M, Weir R, Browne G, Roberts J, Gafni A, and Henderson S
  • Journal of advanced nursing [J Adv Nurs] 2006 May; Vol. 54 (3), pp. 381-95.
Subjects
Adaptation, Psychological, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depression psychology, Emotions, Female, Health Care Costs, Health Promotion economics, Health Status, Home Nursing economics, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Patient Dropouts, Quality of Life, Single-Blind Method, Social Support, Frail Elderly psychology, Health Promotion methods, and Home Nursing methods
Abstract
Aim: This paper reports a study evaluating the comparative effects and costs of a proactive nursing health promotion intervention in addition to usual home care for older people compared with usual home care services alone.
Background: An ageing population, budget constraints and technological advances in many countries have increased the pressure on home care resources. The result is a shift in nursing services from health promotion to meet the more pressing need for postacute care. For frail older people with long-term needs, these changes combine to create a fragmented system of health service delivery, characterized by providing nursing on demand rather than proactively.
Methods: A two-armed, single-blind, randomized controlled trial was carried out with older people > or =75 years and eligible for personal support services through a home care programme in Ontario, Canada. Participants were randomly allocated either to usual home care (control) or to a nursing (experimental) group. In addition to usual home care, the nursing group received a health assessment combined with regular home visits or telephone contacts, health education about management of illness, coordination of community services, and use of empowerment strategies to enhance independence. The data were collected in 2001-2002.
Results: Of the 288 older people who were randomly allocated at baseline, 242 (84%) completed the study (120 nursing group; 122 control group). Proactively providing older people with nursing health promotion, compared with providing nursing services on-demand, resulted in better mental health functioning (P = 0.009), a reduction in depression (P = 0.009), and enhanced perceptions of social support (P = 0.009) at no additional cost from a societal perspective.
Conclusions: Home based nursing health promotion, proactively provided to frail older people with chronic health needs, enhances quality of life while not increasing the overall costs of health care. The results underscore the need to re-invest in nursing services for health promotion for older clients receiving home care.

80. Bipolar disorder: imaging state versus trait. [2006]

  • Friedman JN, Hurley RA, and Taber KH
  • The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences [J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci] 2006 Summer; Vol. 18 (3), pp. 296-301.
Subjects
Bipolar Disorder diagnostic imaging, Bipolar Disorder physiopathology, Humans, Limbic System physiopathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mood Disorders physiopathology, Positron-Emission Tomography, Bipolar Disorder pathology, and Bipolar Disorder psychology

81. ATTITUDES OF THE ELDERLY TOWARD PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE. ADAPTATION OF THE OLDER PERSON'S ATTITUDES TOWARD PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE QUESTIONNAIRE IN SPAIN. [2006]

  • Pappous, Athanasios, Cruz, Francisco, De Leseleuc, Eric, Marcellini, Anne, Recours, Robin, and Schmidt, Jacqueline
  • Studies in Physical Culture & Tourism; 2006, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p69-77, 9p
Subjects
PHYSICAL fitness, OLDER people, EXERCISE, and ATTITUDE (Psychology)
Abstract
In Spain today, few studies have been carried out to provide sufficient information regarding the attitudes of older persons toward physical activity and exercise. The present study was designed to remedy this deficiency by adapting and validating the Older Person's Attitudes Toward Physical Activity and Exercise Questionnaire. Firstly, a panel of experts offered first hand evidence in support of the content validity of the Spanish adaptation of the questionnaire. Evidence regarding the viability of the instrument was obtained through a test-retest pilot study and with the use of internal consistency method. In line with theoretical expectations, respondents who reported more positive attitudes toward physical activity showed better adherence rates. Finally, recommendations for future replications are discussed, considering the fact that the data on predictive validity of the instrument was obtained only at correlational level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

82. Novel tricyclic azepine derivatives: Biological evaluation of pyrimido[4,5-b]-1,4-benzoxazepines, thiazepines, and diazepines as inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. [2006]

  • Smith L 2nd, Wong WC, Kiselyov AS, Burdzovic-Wizemann S, Mao Y, Xu Y, Duncton MA, Kim K, Piatnitski EL, Doody JF, Wang Y, Rosler RL, Milligan D, Columbus J, Balagtas C, Lee SP, Konovalov A, and Hadari YR
  • Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters [Bioorg Med Chem Lett] 2006 Oct 01; Vol. 16 (19), pp. 5102-6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2006 Aug 02.
Subjects
Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Azepines chemistry, Cell Line, Tumor, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring chemistry, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Neoplasm Proteins antagonists inhibitors, Phosphorylation drug effects, Structure-Activity Relationship, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 antagonists inhibitors, Antineoplastic Agents chemical synthesis, Azepines chemical synthesis, Azepines pharmacology, ErbB Receptors antagonists inhibitors, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring chemical synthesis, and Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring pharmacology
Abstract
Novel tricyclic derivatives containing an oxazepine, thiazepine, or diazepine ring were studied for their EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity. While the oxazepines were in general more potent than thiazepines, the diazepines displayed somewhat different structure-activity relationships. Moreover, the diazepines, in contrast to the oxazepines, showed appreciable inhibitory activity against the KDR tyrosine kinase. Furthermore, both oxazepines and diazepines demonstrated significant ability to inhibit autophosphorylation of EGFR in DiFi cells (generally, IC(50) values in the single-digit micromolar to submicromolar range).

83. Lessons learned combining N-of-1 trials to assess fibromyalgia therapies. [2006]

  • Zucker DR, Ruthazer R, Schmid CH, Feuer JM, Fischer PA, Kieval RI, Mogavero N, Rapoport RJ, Selker HP, Stotsky SA, Winston E, and Goldenberg DL
  • The Journal of rheumatology [J Rheumatol] 2006 Oct; Vol. 33 (10), pp. 2069-77.
Subjects
Adult, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Research Design, Rheumatology trends, Sickness Impact Profile, Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome, Amitriptyline therapeutic use, Antidepressive Agents therapeutic use, Fibromyalgia drug therapy, Fluoxetine therapeutic use, and Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic statistics numerical data
Abstract
Objective: Applying population research to individual treatment requires understanding the connections between patient-specific characteristics, population-based studies, and treatment responses. Conducting practice-based research using individual-focused (N-of-1) trials may aid this process. We combined N-of-1 trials to compare fibromyalgia therapies and to assess the feasibility and outcomes of this approach for practice-based effectiveness research.
Methods: Community- and center-based rheumatologists enrolled patients with fibromyalgia syndrome in randomized, double-blind, multi-crossover, N-of-1 trials comparing amitriptyline and the combination amitriptyline and fluoxetine. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire outcomes were used for the individuals' treatment and combined across patients for sample-based analyses. Outcomes were compared with results from more standard trial designs.
Results: Eight rheumatologists enrolled 58 patients in N-of-1 trials. Most physicians and patients had not previously participated in clinical trials. Using several analytic methods, the pooled results showed a better outcome score (mean difference: -6.1 +/- 2.0 to -8.0 +/- 3.7 points) in patients taking combination therapy. These population results are similar to published outcomes from a more traditional crossover trial. Neither practice type nor patient characteristics were significantly associated with the observed treatment-effect variation. Most participants, irrespective of selected treatment, felt their individual N-of-1 trials were helpful.
Conclusion: Implementation of the combined N-of-1 methodology is feasible in rheumatology practices and results confirm greater fibromyalgia improvement with combination therapy. This research approach broadens participation, although our trials' specifics likely influenced enrollment eligibility. In addition to individual benefits, combining N-of-1 trial data provides population research benefits. This patient-focused approach should be further explored to bridge research and practice.

84. The effectiveness and efficiency of home-based nursing health promotion for older people: a review of the literature. [2006]

  • Markle-Reid M, Browne G, Weir R, Gafni A, Roberts J, and Henderson SR
  • Medical care research and review : MCRR [Med Care Res Rev] 2006 Oct; Vol. 63 (5), pp. 531-69.
Subjects
Aged, House Calls, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Geriatric Nursing, Health Promotion, Home Care Services, and Program Evaluation
Abstract
Despite the large potential role that community nurses have in providing individualized health promotion to older people, there is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding this role's effectiveness and efficiency. This article presents a literature review and synthesis of 12 randomized controlled trials selected from 344 published studies on preventive home visitation programs for older people. The findings suggest that a diversity of home visiting interventions carried out by nurses can favorably affect health and functional status, mortality rates, use of hospitalization and nursing homes, and costs. Further research is needed that focuses on the outcomes of quality of life, mental health, social support, caregiver burden, the acceptability of intervention, and specific subgroups of clients who benefit most. Findings also indicate the need for a theoretical foundation, increased emphasis on health-promotion strategies, and more research using a more complete economic evaluation to establish efficiency.

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86. The World Trade Center disaster and the health of workers: five-year assessment of a unique medical screening program. [2006]

  • Herbert R, Moline J, Skloot G, Metzger K, Baron S, Luft B, Markowitz S, Udasin I, Harrison D, Stein D, Todd A, Enright P, Stellman JM, Landrigan PJ, and Levin SM
  • Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect] 2006 Dec; Vol. 114 (12), pp. 1853-8.
Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollution adverse effects, Air Pollution analysis, Dust analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening methods, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases etiology, Occupational Diseases physiopathology, Respiratory Tract Diseases etiology, Respiratory Tract Diseases physiopathology, Spirometry, Time Factors, Occupational Diseases diagnosis, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Respiratory Tract Diseases diagnosis, and September 11 Terrorist Attacks
Abstract
Background: Approximately 40,000 rescue and recovery workers were exposed to caustic dust and toxic pollutants following the 11 September 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC). These workers included traditional first responders, such as firefighters and police, and a diverse population of construction, utility, and public sector workers.
Methods: To characterize WTCrelated health effects, the WTC Worker and Volunteer Medical Screening Program was established. This multicenter clinical program provides free standardized examinations to responders. Examinations include medical, mental health, and exposure assessment questionnaires; physical examinations; spirometry; and chest X rays.
Results: Of 9,442 responders examined between July 2002 and April 2004, 69% reported new or worsened respiratory symptoms while performing WTC work. Symptoms persisted to the time of examination in 59% of these workers. Among those who had been asymptomatic before September 11, 61% developed respiratory symptoms while performing WTC work. Twenty-eight percent had abnormal spirometry; forced vital capacity (FVC) was low in 21%; and obstruction was present in 5%. Among nonsmokers, 27% had abnormal spirometry compared with 13% in the general U.S. population. Prevalence of low FVC among nonsmokers was 5-fold greater than in the U.S. population (20% vs. 4%). Respiratory symptoms and spirometry abnormalities were significantly associated with early arrival at the site.
Conclusion: WTC responders had exposure-related increases in respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function test abnormalities that persisted up to 2.5 years after the attacks. Longterm medical monitoring is required to track persistence of these abnormalities and identify late effects, including possible malignancies. Lessons learned should guide future responses to civil disasters.

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88. WTC five-year assessment: Herbert et al. respond [2007]

  • Herbert, Robin, Skloot, Gwen, Metzger, Kristina, Landrigan, Philip J., Moline, Jacqueline, Stein, Diane, Todd, Andrew, Levin, Stephen M., Baron, Sherry, and Udasin, Iris
  • Environmental Health Perspectives. Feb 2007, Vol. 115 Issue 2, pA72, 2 p.

89. Genetic and environmental influences on prereading skills and early reading and spelling development in the United States, Australia, and Scandinavia [2007]

  • Samuelsson, Stefan, Olson, Richard, Wadsworth, Sally, Corley, Robin, DeFries, John C., Willcutt, Erik, Hulslander, Jacqueline, and Byrne, Brian
  • Reading and Writing. Feb, 2007, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p51, 25 p.

90. Longitudinal twin study of early literacy development: Preschool through Grade 1 [2007]

  • Byrne, Brian, Samuelsson, Stefan, Wadsworth, Sally, Hulslander, Jacqueline, Corley, Robin, DeFries, John C., Quain, Peter, Willcutt, Erik G., and Olson, Richard K.
  • Reading and Writing. Feb, 2007, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p77, 26 p.

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92. Clinical features of the DOK7 neuromuscular junction synaptopathy. [2007]

  • Palace J, Lashley D, Newsom-Davis J, Cossins J, Maxwell S, Kennett R, Jayawant S, Yamanashi Y, and Beeson D
  • Brain : a journal of neurology [Brain] 2007 Jun; Vol. 130 (Pt 6), pp. 1507-15. Date of Electronic Publication: 2007 Apr 23.
Subjects
Adult, Alleles, Amino Acid Sequence, Biopsy, Cholinesterase Inhibitors therapeutic use, DNA Mutational Analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Muscle, Skeletal pathology, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle drug therapy, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle genetics, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle pathology, Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital drug therapy, Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital pathology, Pedigree, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Sequence Alignment, Treatment Outcome, Muscle Proteins genetics, Mutation, Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital genetics, and Neuromuscular Junction pathology
Abstract
Mutations in DOK7 have recently been shown to underlie a recessive congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) associated with small simplified neuromuscular junctions ('synaptopathy') but normal acetylcholine receptor and acetylcholinesterase function. We identified DOK7 mutations in 27 patients from 24 kinships. Mutation 1124_1127dupTGCC was common, present in 20 out of 24 kinships. All patients were found to have at least one allele with a frameshift mutation in DOK7 exon 7, suggesting that loss of function(s) associated with the C-terminal region of Dok-7 underlies this disorder. In 15 patients, we were able to study the clinical features in detail. Clinical onset was usually characterized by difficulty in walking developing after normal motor milestones. Proximal muscles were usually more affected than distal, leading to a 'limb-girdle' pattern of weakness; although ptosis was often present from an early age, eye movements were rarely involved. Patients did not show long-term benefit from anticholinesterase medication and sometimes worsened, and where tried responded to ephedrine. The phenotype can be distinguished from 'limb-girdle' myasthenia associated with tubular aggregates, where DOK7 mutations were not detected and patients respond to anticholinesterase treatments. CMS due to DOK7 mutations are common within our UK cohort and is likely to be under-diagnosed; recognition of the phenotype will help clinical diagnosis, targeted genetic screening and appropriate management.

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94. Genome-wide association study identifies novel breast cancer susceptibility loci [2007]

  • Easton, Douglas F., Pooley, Karen A., Dunning, Alison M., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Thompson, Deborah, Ballinger, Dennis G., Struewing, Jeffery P., Morrison, Jonathan, Field, Helen, Luben, Robert, Wareham, Nicholas, Ahmed, Shahana, Healey, Catherine S., Bowman, Richard, Luccarini, Craig, Conroy, Don, Shah, Mitul, Munday, Hannah, Jordan, Clare, Perkins, Barbara, West, Judy, Redman, Karen, Driver, Kristy, Meyer, Kerstin B., Haiman, Christopher A., Kolonel, Laurence K., Henderson, Brian E., Le Marchand, Loic, Brennan, Paul, Sangrajrang, Suleeporn, Gaborieau, Valerie, Odefrey, Fabrice, Shen, Chen-Yang, Wu, Pei-Ei, Wang, Hui-Chun, Eccles, Diana, Evans, D. Gareth, Peto, Julian, Fletcher, Olivia, Johnson, Nichola, Seal, Sheila, Stratton, Michael R., Rahman, Nazneen, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Bojesen, Stig E., Nordestgaard, Borge G., Axelsson, Christen K., Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Brinton, Louise, Chanock, Stephen, Lissowska, Jolanta, Peplonska, Beata, Nevanlinna, Heli, Fagerholm, Rainer, Eerola, Hannaleena, Kang, Daehee, Yoo, Keun-Young, Noh, Dong-Young, Ahn, Sei-Hyun, Hunter, David J., Hankinson, Susan E., Cox, David G., Hall, Per, Wedren, Sara, Liu, Jianjun, Low, Yen-Ling, Bogdanova, Natalia, Schurmann, Peter, Dork, Thilo, Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M., Jacobi, Catharina E., Devilee, Peter, Klijn, Jan G. M., Sigurdson, Alice J., Doody, Michele M., Alexander, Bruce H., Zhang, Jinghui, Cox, Angela, Brock, Ian W., MacPherson, Gordon, Reed, Malcolm W. R., Couch, Fergus J., Goode, Ellen L., Olson, Janet E., Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, van den Ouweland, Ans, Uitterlinden, Andre, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Milne, Roger L., Ribas, Gloria, Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Benitez, Javier, Hopper, John L., McCredie, Margaret, Southey, Melissa, Giles, Graham G., Schroen, Chris, Justenhoven, Christina, Brauch, Hiltrud, Hamann, Ute, Ko, Yon-Dschun, Spurdle, Amanda B., Beesley, Jonathan, Chen, Xiaoqing, kConFab, Aghmesheh, Morteza, Amor, David, Andrews, Lesley, Antill, Yoland, Armes, Jane, Armitage, Shane, Arnold, Leanne, Balleine, Rosemary, Begley, Glenn, Beilby, John, Bennett, Ian, Bennett, Barbara, Berry, Geoffrey, Blackburn, Anneke, Brennan, Meagan, Brown, Melissa, Buckley, Michael, Burke, Jo, Butow, Phyllis, Byron, Keith, Callen, David, Campbell, Ian, Clarke, Christine, Colley, Alison, Cotton, Dick, Cui, Jisheng, Culling, Bronwyn, Cummings, Margaret, Dawson, Sarah-Jane, Dixon, Joanne, Dobrovic, Alexander, Dudding, Tracy, Edkins, Ted, Eisenbruch, Maurice, Farshid, Gelareh, Fawcett, Susan, Field, Michael, Firgaira, Frank, Fleming, Jean, Forbes, John, Friedlander, Michael, Gaff, Clara, Gardner, Mac, Gattas, Mike, George, Peter, Giles, Graham, Gill, Grantley, Goldblatt, Jack, Greening, Sian, Grist, Scott, Haan, Eric, Harris, Marion, Hart, Stewart, Hayward, Nick, Hopper, John, Humphrey, Evelyn, Jenkins, Mark, Jones, Alison, Kefford, Rick, Kirk, Judy, Kollias, James, Kovalenko, Sergey, Lakhani, Sunil, Leary, Jennifer, Lim, Jacqueline, Lindeman, Geoff, Lipton, Lara, Lobb, Liz, Maclurcan, Mariette, Mann, Graham, Marsh, Deborah, McKay, Michael, Anne McLachlan, Sue, Meiser, Bettina, Milne, Roger, Mitchell, Gillian, Newman, Beth, O'Loughlin, Imelda, Osborne, Richard, Peters, Lester, Phillips, Kelly, Price, Melanie, Reeve, Jeanne, Reeve, Tony, Richards, Robert, Rinehart, Gina, Robinson, Bridget, Rudzki, Barney, Salisbury, Elizabeth, Sambrook, Joe, Saunders, Christobel, Scott, Clare, Scott, Elizabeth, Scott, Rodney, Seshadri, Ram, Shelling, Andrew, Spurdle, Amanda, Suthers, Graeme, Taylor, Donna, Tennant, Christopher, Thorne, Heather, Townshend, Sharron, Tucker, Kathy, Tyler, Janet, Venter, Deon, Visvader, Jane, Walpole, Ian, Ward, Robin, Waring, Paul, Warner, Bev, Warren, Graham, Watson, Elizabeth, Williams, Rachael, Wilson, Judy, Winship, Ingrid, Young, Mary Ann, AOCS Management Group, Bowtell, David, Green, Adele, deFazio, Anna, Gertig, Dorota, Webb, Penny, Mannermaa, Arto, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Kataja, Vesa, Hartikainen, Jaana, Day, Nicholas E., Cox, David R., and Ponder, Bruce A. J.
  • Nature. June 28, 2007, Vol. 447 Issue 7148, p1087, 7 p.

95. Characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines by the International Stem Cell Initiative [2007]

  • Adewumi, Oluseun, Aflatoonian, Behrouz, Ahrlund-Richter, Lars, Amit, Michal, Andrews, Peter W, Beighton, Gemma, Bello, Paul A, Benvenisty, Nissim, Berry, Lorraine S, Bevan, Simon, Blum, Barak, Brooking, Justin, Chen, Kevin G, Choo, Andre B H, Churchill, Gary A, Corbel, Marie, Damjanov, Ivan, Draper, Jon S, Dvorak, Petr, Emanuelsson, Katarina, Fleck, Roland A, Ford, Angela, Gertow, Karin, Gertsenstein, Marina, Gokhale, Paul J, Hamilton, Rebecca S, Hampl, Ales, Healy, Lyn E, Hovatta, Outi, Hyllner, Johan, Imreh, Marta P, Itskovitz-Eldor, Joseph, Jackson, Jamie, Johnson, Jacqueline L, Jones, Mark, Kee, Kehkooi, King, Benjamin L, Knowles, Barbara B, Lako, Majlinda, Lebrin, Franck, Mallon, Barbara S, Manning, Daisy, Mayshar, Yoav, Mckay, Ronald D G, Michalska, Anna E, Mikkola, Milla, Mileikovsky, Masha, Minger, Stephen L, Moore, Harry D, Mummery, Christine L, Nagy, Andras, Nakatsuji, Norio, O'Brien, Carmel M, Oh, Steve K W, Olsson, Cia, Otonkoski, Timo, Park, Kye-Yoon, Passier, Robert, Patel, Hema, Patel, Minal, Pedersen, Roger, Pera, Martin F, Piekarczyk, Marian S, Pera, Renee A Reijo, Reubinoff, Benjamin E, Robins, Allan J, Rossant, Janet, Rugg-Gunn, Peter, Schulz, Thomas C, Semb, Henrik, Sherrer, Eric S, Siemen, Henrike, Stacey, Glyn N, Stojkovic, Miodrag, Suemori, Hirofumi, Szatkiewicz, Jin, Turetsky, Tikva, Tuuri, Timo, van den Brink, Steineke, Vintersten, Kristina, Vuoristo, Sanna, Ward, Dorien, Weaver, Thomas A, Young, Lesley A, and Zhang, Weidong
  • Nature Biotechnology. July 2007, Vol. 25 Issue 7, p803, 14 p.

96. Reducing Fall Risk for Frail Older Home-Care Clients Using a Multifactorial and Interdisciplinary Team Approach [2007]

  • Markle-Reid, Maureen, Henderson, Sandra, Hecimovich, Catherine, Baxter, Pamela, Anderson, Malcolm, Browne, Gina, Weir, Robin, Gafni, Amiram, and Roberts, Jacqueline
  • Journal of Patient Safety; September 2007, Vol. 3 Issue: 3 p149-157, 9p
Abstract
This article describes the background and design of a study that is currently in progress. The objective of the study is to evaluate the 6-month effects and costs of a multifactorial and interdisciplinary team approach to fall prevention compared with usual home care for frail older people at risk for falls. The barriers and facilitators to implementing an interdisciplinary team approach in home care will also be discussed.

97. Tumor-derived mutations in the TRAIL receptor DR5 inhibit TRAIL signaling through the DR4 receptor by competing for ligand binding. [2007]

  • Bin L, Thorburn J, Thomas LR, Clark PE, Humphreys R, and Thorburn A
  • The Journal of biological chemistry [J Biol Chem] 2007 Sep 21; Vol. 282 (38), pp. 28189-94. Date of Electronic Publication: 2007 Jul 31.
Subjects
Binding, Competitive, Cell Line, Tumor, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Electroporation, Humans, Ligands, Models, Biological, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction, Subcellular Fractions metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Mutation, Neoplasms metabolism, and Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand metabolism
Abstract
TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is a cytokine that preferentially induces apoptosis in tumor cells compared with normal cells through two receptors (DR4 and DR5). Somatic mutations in these receptors have been found in different kinds of cancer; however, it is poorly understood how the mutations affect signaling. We found that point mutations (L334F, E326K, E338K, and K386N) that were identified in human tumors result in the DR5 receptor losing its ability to form a functional death-inducing signaling complex and induce apoptosis. The mutant receptors also have a "dominant negative" effect whereby they inhibit the ability of TRAIL to induce apoptosis through functional DR4 receptors. This dominant negative mechanism is achieved through competition for TRAIL binding as shown by experiments where the ability of the mutant DR5 receptor to bind with the ligand was abolished, thus restoring TRAIL signaling through DR4. The inhibitory effect on signaling through the wild-type DR4 protein can be overcome if the inhibitory mechanism is bypassed by using a DR4-agonistic antibody that is not subject to this competition. This study provides a molecular basis for the use of specific therapeutic agonists of TRAIL receptors in people whose tumors harbor somatic DR5 mutations.

98. African-Caribbean cancer consortium for the study of viral, genetic and environmental cancer risk factors. [2007]

  • Ragin CC, Taioli E, McFarlane-Anderson N, Avery G, Bennett F, Bovell-Benjamin A, Thompson AB, Carrington A, Campbell-Everett L, Ford J, Hennis A, Jackson M, Lake S, Leske MC, Magai C, Nemesure B, Neugut A, Odedina F, Okobia M, Patrick A, Plummer WB, Reams RR, Roberts R, Scott-Hastings S, Sharma S, Wheeler V, Wu SY, and Bunker C
  • Infectious agents and cancer [Infect Agent Cancer] 2007 Sep 24; Vol. 2, pp. 17. Date of Electronic Publication: 2007 Sep 24.
Abstract
This is a short summary of a meeting of the "African-Caribbean Cancer Consortium", jointly organized by the University of Pittsburgh, Department of Epidemiology and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, held in Montego Bay, Jamaica as a satellite meeting at the Caribbean Health Research Council, 52nd Annual Council and Scientific meeting on May 4, 2007.

99. Inhibitory activity of cetuximab on epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in non small cell lung cancers. [2007]

  • Doody JF, Wang Y, Patel SN, Joynes C, Lee SP, Gerlak J, Rolser RL, Li Y, Steiner P, Bassi R, Hicklin DJ, and Hadari YR
  • Molecular cancer therapeutics [Mol Cancer Ther] 2007 Oct; Vol. 6 (10), pp. 2642-51. Date of Electronic Publication: 2007 Oct 03.
Subjects
Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Apoptosis, Blotting, Western, Cell Line, Tumor, Cetuximab, Dimerization, ErbB Receptors metabolism, Female, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Humans, Immunoblotting, Immunoprecipitation, Mice, Mice, Nude, Phosphorylation, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Ubiquitin metabolism, Antibodies, Monoclonal pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung genetics, ErbB Receptors genetics, Lung Neoplasms genetics, and Mutation drug effects
Abstract
Mutations in the kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were identified in approximately 15% of all patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These mutations have been established as an indicator of superior response to gefitinib and erlotinib, small molecule inhibitors of the EGFR kinase domain. Whether these mutations would also render patients more susceptible to treatment with cetuximab (Erbitux), an EGFR-neutralizing antibody, is yet to be determined. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effect of cetuximab on several NSCLC lines harboring some of the more common EGFR mutations (L858R and delL747-T753insS), as well as the recently identified kinase inhibitor-resistant mutation, T790M. We could show that the kinase activity of the abovementioned EGFR mutants was hindered by cetuximab, as detected by both cell-based phosphorylation and proliferation assays. Interestingly, cetuximab also induced enhanced degradation of the EGFR mutants as compared with the wild-type receptor. Most importantly, cetuximab successfully inhibited the growth of NSCLC lines in xenograft models. These results indicate the promising potential of cetuximab as a regimen for patients with NSCLC bearing these mutations.

100. The new University of Colorado medical school curriculum: a pediatric perspective. [2007]

  • Deterding RR, Wong S, Faries G, Glover JJ, Garrington TP, Wang M, Anderson MS, and Krugman RD
  • The Journal of pediatrics [J Pediatr] 2007 Nov; Vol. 151 (5 Suppl), pp. S32-6.
Subjects
Child, Clinical Clerkship methods, Colorado, Faculty, Medical organization administration, Humans, Schools, Medical organization administration, Curriculum, Education, Medical, Undergraduate methods, Pediatrics education, and Program Development methods
Abstract
The University of Colorado School of Medicine has developed an innovative 4-year undergraduate curriculum. As a strong advocate for education and curriculum reform, Dr M. Douglas Jones Jr. created an environment for pediatrics to flourish in this new curriculum. Pediatric content has increased in all years of the curriculum, and pediatric faculty have had greater opportunities to teach and seek career development in medical education. In this report, we review the process that led to curriculum reform, provide an overview of the new curriculum design, and highlight examples of the positive impact this process has had on education in pediatrics. We hope that sharing our experience, may benefit others in medical education.

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