Computer science, Informatique, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Informatique; automatique theorique; systemes, Computer science; control theory; systems, Logiciel, Software, Langages de programmation, Programming languages, Génie logiciel, Software engineering, Abstraction, Abstracción, Architecture basée modèle, Model driven architecture, Arquitectura basada modelo, Architecture logiciel, Software architecture, Développement logiciel, Software development, Desarrollo logicial, Echange donnée informatisé, Electronic data interchange, Intercambio electrónico de datos, Langage dédié, Domain specific language, Lenguaje dedicado, Langage modélisation unifié, Unified modelling language, Lenguaje UML, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Réutilisation, Reuse, Reutilización, Sémantique, Semantics, Semántica, Vérification programme, Program verification, and Verificación programa

The work described in this article presents how we use COOPN in the context of the MDA (Model Driven Architecture) philosophy for prototyping Domain Specific Languages. With this principle we increase the abstraction of COOPN language representation enabling standard data interchange with other applications that use the same approach. In particular we will present the architecture of the transformation from Domain Specific Languages; its advantages concerning the ability to have COOPN models as a standard format for representing the semantics of Domain Specific Languages and to reuse software prototyping and testing techniques developped for this formalism. As example we will show how our work is proceeding towards transformation from UML to COOPN. We also argue how our approach can be easily used in order to produce rapid system prototyping and verification for Domain Specific Languages (DSLs).

Computer science, Informatique, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Informatique; automatique theorique; systemes, Computer science; control theory; systems, Electronique, Electronics, Electronique des semiconducteurs. Microélectronique. Optoélectronique. Dispositifs à l'état solide, Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices, Circuits intégrés, Integrated circuits, Circuits intégrés par fonction (dont mémoires et processeurs), Integrated circuits by function (including memories and processors), Architecture ordinateur, Computer architecture, Arquitectura ordenador, Architecture système, System architecture, Arquitectura sistema, Calculateur embarqué, Boarded computer, Calculador embarque, Circuit à la demande, Custom circuit, Circuito integrato personalizado, Langage description matériel informatique, Hardware description languages, Modèle référence, Reference model, Modelo referencia, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Multimédia, Multimedia, Multiprocesseur, Multiprocessor, Multiprocesador, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Risque accidentel, Hazard, Riesgo accidente, Réseau porte programmable, Field programmable gate array, Red puerta programable, Système référence, Reference system, Sistema referencia, Couverture test, Test coverage, and Test cubierta

This paper describes a new rapid prototyping-based design framework for exploring and validating complex multiprocessor architectures for multimedia applications. The new methodology combines a typical ASIC flow with an FPGA flow focused on rapid prototyping. In order to make an exhaustive verification of the system architecture, a reference model that specifies the hardware implementation is used for validating both, HDL description and emulated system. Functional coverage in addition to traditional code coverage is used to test 100% of data, control and structural hazards of the system architecture. The reference model is also part of a stand-alone simulation environment. This allows hardware and application development be supported by a unique system model.

Electronics, Electronique, Mechanical engineering, Génie mécanique, Metrology and instrumentation, Métrologie et instrumentation, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Generalites, General, Instruments, appareillage, composants et techniques communs à plusieurs branches de la physique et de l'astronomie, Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy, Techniques, équipements et instruments mécaniques, Mechanical instruments, equipment and techniques, Systèmes et dispositifs micromécaniques, Micromechanical devices and systems, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Electronique, Electronics, Electronique des semiconducteurs. Microélectronique. Optoélectronique. Dispositifs à l'état solide, Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices, Fabrication microélectronique (technologie des matériaux et des surfaces), Microelectronic fabrication (materials and surfaces technology), Genie mecanique. Construction mecanique, Mechanical engineering. Machine design, Mécanique de précision. Horlogerie, Precision engineering, watch making, Came, Cam, Leva, Condition opératoire, Operating conditions, Condición operatoria, Dispositif microélectromécanique, Microelectromechanical device, Dispositivo microelectromecánico, Fabrication assistée, Computer aided manufacturing, Laser excimère, Excimer lasers, Modélisation, Modelling, Méthode Taguchi, Taguchi methods, Méthode ablation laser, Laser ablation technique, Plan expérience, Experimental design, Processus fabrication, Production process, Proceso fabricación, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Usinage laser, Laser beam machining, Vitesse gravure, Etching rate, and Velocidad grabado

A 3D CAM tool for rapid prototyping and small-scale production of MEMS devices based on excimer laser ablation process has been developed. The system's algorithms use the 3D geometry of a microstructure, defined in a CAD model, and parameters that influence the process (etch rate, wall angle, stitching errors, etc.) to automatically generate a precise NC part program for the excimer laser machine.The performance of the system has been verified by NC part program generation for several 3D microstructures and subsequent machining trials. Stitching errors of 23.4±2.2 μm wide and 3.4±1.5 μm height were observed when overlap size between adjacent volumes were zero, when ablating 100x100 μm features in PC at fluence of 0.9 J/cm2 using a workpiece dragging technique.When the size of the overlap was optimised by software based on optimal process parameters determined by Taguchi design of experiment method (DOE) and incorporated in the mask design the maximum stitching errors are reduced to 13.4±2.2 μm wide and 1.4±0.9 μm in height under the same conditions. Employing the hexagonal shaped mask with incorporated size of the image overlap, horizontal-stitching errors with width of 2.4±0.2 μm wide and 1.4±0.2 μm high were observed.The software simplifies part program creation and is useful for excimer laser operators who currently use a tedious trial and error process to generate microstructure parts.

Computer science, Informatique, Telecommunications, Télécommunications, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Informatique; automatique theorique; systemes, Computer science; control theory; systems, Intelligence artificielle, Artificial intelligence, Reconnaissance et synthèse de la parole et du son. Linguistique, Speech and sound recognition and synthesis. Linguistics, Intelligence artificielle, Artificial intelligence, Inteligencia artificial, Linguistique, Linguistics, Linguística, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Traitement parole, Speech processing, and Tratamiento palabra

This paper is about the automated production of dialogue models. The goal is to propose and validate a methodology that allows the production of finalized dialogue models (i.e. dialogue models specific for given applications) in a few hours. The solution we propose for such a methodology, called the Rapid Dialogue Prototyping Methodology (RDPM), is decomposed into five consecutive main steps, namely: (1) producing the task model; (2) deriving the initial dialogue model; (3) using a Wizard-of-Oz experiment to instantiate the initial dialogue model; (4) using an internal field test to refine the dialogue model; and (5) using an external field test to evaluate the final dialogue model. All five steps will be described in more detail in the document.

Mechanics acoustics, Mécanique et acoustique, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Domaines classiques de la physique (y compris les applications), Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications), Acoustique, Acoustics, Transducteurs et dispositif pour la génération et la reproduction du son, Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound, Acoustique audio, Audio acoustics, Analyse corrélation, Correlation analysis, Análisis correlación, Dialogue homme machine, Man machine dialogue, Diálogo hombre máquina, Essai qualification, Prototype tests, Prueba calificación, Estimation a priori, A priori estimation, Estimación a priori, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Estudio experimental, Interface utilisateur, User interface, Interfase usuario, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Méthode itérative, Iterative method, Método iterativo, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Qualité sonore, Sound quality, Calidad sonora, Reproduction son, Sound reproduction, and Reproducción sonido

The goal of this contribution is to present how the notion of dialogue management evaluation was integrated in the rapid dialogue prototyping methodology (RDPM), designed and experimented by the authors in the framework of the InfoVox project. We first describe the proposed RDPM. The general idea of this methodology is to produce, for any given application, a quickly deployable dialogue-driven interface and to improve this interface through an iterative process based on Wizard-of-Oz experiments (i.e. dialogue simulations). More precisely, the methodology is decomposed into five consecutive steps, namely: (1) producing a task model for the targeted application; (2) automatically deriving an initial dialogue model (and the associated dialogue-driven interface) from the produced task model; (3) using the generated interface to carry out Wizard-of-Oz experiments to improve the initial dialogue model; (4) carrying out an internal field test to further refine the dialogue model; and (5) carrying out an external field test to evaluate the final dialogue model and dialogue-driven interface. In a second part, we more specifically focus on evaluation. We describe the integration of various evaluation aspects in the design steps corresponding to the internal and external field tests. The internal field test involved 20 internal users (typically the designers of the system, other members of the involved laboratories, willing relatives, etc.) and was used to further adapt the prototype. The various modifications made were validated during a second internal field test with a reduced group of seven users. The external field test involved a larger population of 50 external users (i.e. users that did not have any a priori knowledge of the system), randomly selected in all French speaking Swiss cantons. Its main goal was the final evaluation of the produced dialogue model, dialogue-driven interface, and evaluation procedure. Both the internal and external field tests were carried out over the phone. Finally, we concentrate on the assessment results obtained during the external field test for the InfoVox prototype. We first present the retrospective predominant modality and correlation analyses that were integrated in the external field test and then show how the obtained evaluation data can also be used in a more prospective way to derive useful hints for a better dialogue design (prospective correlation analysis). All the presented concepts are systematically illustrated by examples taken from the experiments that were carried out in the InfoVox project.

Mechanics acoustics, Mécanique et acoustique, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Informatique; automatique theorique; systemes, Computer science; control theory; systems, Logiciel, Software, Conception assistée, Computer aided design, Genie mecanique. Construction mecanique, Mechanical engineering. Machine design, Généralités, General, Conception assistée, Computer aided design, Concepción asistida, Intégrité structure, Structure integrity, Integridad estructura, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Méthode numérique, Numerical method, Método numérico, Méthode élément fini, Finite element method, Método elemento finito, Optimisation, Optimization, Optimización, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Réalité virtuelle, Virtual reality, Realidad virtual, Transport conteneur, Container transportation, Transporte container, Vibration, Vibración, Véhicule ferroviaire, Rail vehicle, and Vehículo ferroviario

The paper presents a methodology and its application for virtual prototyping in the design and development of low platform container flat rail cars in India. This is achieved using Nucars and Adams Rail software. The optimization of suspension design through simulation, resulting in successful oscillation trials at 110 kmph is demonstrated. Finite element models are developed to analyze structural integrity of the under frame as well as the bolster of the rail car using DISP3 and NISA software. This procedure completely eliminates the need of fabrication and testing of prototypes at the development stage. This methodology is useful for developing better quality rail cars at low design cycle cost and time and gives a cutting edge over competitors.

Biomedical engineering, Génie biomédical, Sciences biologiques et medicales, Biological and medical sciences, Sciences medicales, Medical sciences, Techniques d'exploration et de diagnostic (generalites), Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects), Radiodiagnostic. Imagerie rmn. Spectrométrie rmn, Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry, Orl. Stomatologie. Orbite, Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology. Orbit, Chirurgie (generalites). Transplantations, greffes d'organes et de tissus. Pathologie des greffons, Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases, Chirurgie orl et maxillofaciale. Chirurgie dentaire. Orthodontie, Head and neck surgery. Maxillofacial surgery. Dental surgery. Orthodontics, Chirurgie maxillofaciale. Chirurgie dentaire. Orthodontie, Maxillofacial surgery. Dental surgery. Orthodontics, Imagerie médicale, Medical imagery, Imageneria medical, ORL pathologie, ENT disease, ORL patología, Radiodiagnostic, Radiodiagnosis, Radiodiagnóstico, Chirurgie, Surgery, Cirugía, Crâne, Skull, Cráneo, Efficacité traitement, Treatment efficiency, Eficacia tratamiento, Etude cas, Case study, Estudio caso, Homme, Human, Hombre, Maxillofacial, Maxilofacial, Modèle physique, Physical model, Modelo físico, Modélisation, Modeling, Modelización, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Préopératoire, Preoperative, Preoperatorio, Prévision, Forecasting, Previsión, Simulation, Simulación, Système 3 dimensions, Three dimensional system, Sistema 3 dimensiones, Tomodensitométrie, Computerized axial tomography, and Tomodensitometría

Using medical models built with Rapid Prototyping (RP) technologies represents a new approach for surgical planning and simulation. These techniques allow one to reproduce anatomical objects as 3D physical models, which give the surgeon a realistic impression of complex structures before a surgical intervention. The shift from the visual to the visual-tactile representation of anatomical objects introduces a new kind of interaction called 'touch to comprehend'. As can be seen, from the presented case studies of maxillo-cranio-facial surgery, the RP models are very well suited for use in the diagnosis and the precise preoperative simulation of skeleton modifying interventions.