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Energy industries, Marketing, Prices, Electricity, and Natural gas

Reports on the competition in the retail electricity and natural gas markets in the U.S. Establishment of a competing marketing strategies by energy service providers; Adjustments of prices down from the original price to prevent retail providers from eroding their customer base; Estimation of about 17 percent of power generation in the U.S. accounts for natural gas.

Prices, Government policy, Risk assessment, Electricity, Natural gas, Law enforcement, and Civil penalties

The article discusses the functions of the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). It expresses that FERC aims to develop energy infrastructure and competitive markets to restrict abuse, discriminations and rule violations. FERC monitors the market, checks prices and anomalies as well as ensure company compliance on specific programs. It offers guidelines on how companies could limit their risk for civil penalties through self-reporting and internal compliance. Furthermore, FERC assesses whether the violation causes death, injury and damage of property or environment.

Deregulation, Trade regulation, Regulatory reform, Prices, and Electricity

The article reports on the advantages augmented Lerner Index to assess electricity deregulation in the U.S. It mentions that the Index presented in the context of wholesale electric power markets offers practical feasibility in which the locational market clearing prices and quantities are provided publicly via wholesale market operators. It suggests the need for an analytical investigation of the efficacy of deregulation.

Consumers, Prices, Retail stores, Electricity, and Agriculture

The price consumers pay for electricity may vary from what a neighbor, shop owner, or others might pay. Utility rates are composed of many components and vary by customer type (residential, commercial agriculture, etc.), amount of energy used, income level, location, and other factors. Until recently, the time of day a customer uses energy has not affected a customer's bill, even though the cost to produce and deliver electricity varies significantly throughout the day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]