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Women's rights -- China, Socialism -- China, and China -- Social aspects

Research undertaken in the village of Beishadao, China, indicates that Chinese socialism posed a considerable challenge to the oppression suffered by some Chinese women, even if men's patriarchal privilege was not completely eliminated. Against this background, it would be wrong to assume that Chinese women have been constant victims. It is possible to argue that the socialist gender ideology as seen in the image of the 'Iron Girl' is situated in discursive sites.

Communist Party (China) -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Socialism -- China, China -- Politics and government, and Beijing, China -- Conferences, meetings and seminars

The Communist Party of China's (CPC's) 15th National Congress in Sep 1997 focused on the development of reformist Deng Xiaoping's socialist construction theory. The conference, held in Beijing, China, was the first since Deng's death. Deng aimed to make China a relatively developed country by around the year 2050, with the congress keen to pursue his theory, basing it on the CPC's own experiences and ideologies. Deng's theory of socialism incorporates Chinese characteristics and is perceived as scientifically correct for China's situation.

Social economics -- China, Socialism -- China, and China -- Social aspects

Socialism -- China, Human rights -- China, and China -- Social aspects

Socialism, with its characteristic features of public ownership for prosperity, and protection against exploitation and starvation can protect the basic human rights. China endorses the right to development and subsistence as the most basic human right. The president of the Chinese Society for Human Rights Studies maintains that development of socialism in China can promote the nation's human rights and sovereignty.

Poverty -- Social aspects, Capitalism, Socialism -- China, Economic policy -- Social aspects, South Korea -- Economic policy, and China -- Economic policy

This article traces the search for development alternatives which go beyond conventional neo-classical and Marxist theory and practice. It examines case profiles of social transition in South Korea to capitalism under non-classical conditions and in China to socialism under non-classical conditions, in the 1950s and 1960s, which differed from attempts in Latin America and Eastern Europe respectively, and lessons drawn for poverty eradication strategies. The lessons show that in both cases a transformation of considerable depth was undertaken and culturally relevant development paradigms were evolved. The state played a strategic role and provided sensitive support to the release of the creative energies of the people. A new accumulation process at the base of the economies, with asset re-distribution, savings, a new man/nature/technology mix and an effort to keep the rural peoples' surplus in their hands through organizations of the poor, contributed to the eradication of the worst forms of poverty within a reasonable time frame. Both cases showed that the objectives of growth, human development and greater equity could be part of a complementary process, and need not be trade-offs.

Social classes -- Analysis, Socialism -- China, and Sociology, Urban -- Analysis

Studies of stratification in industrialized market societies typically focus on inter- and intragenerational social mobility and status attainment (e.g., Blau Duncan 1967; Breiger 1981; Goldthorpe 1987; Hauser Featherman 1977). There [...]
Previous studies of stratification under state socialism have emphasized the institutional structure of redistributive economies. This article stresses the importance of the state and political mechanisms. We argue that individual life chances under state socialism are extremely sensitive to political processes, especially shifts in state policies, and that changes in state policies can dramatically alter opportunity structures, the status of structural locations, and the nature and value of political and human capital. Therefore, effects of these characteristics on life chances often vary across historical periods and over an individual's life course. Supporting evidence comes from a study of labor force entry and Communist Party membership in urban China from 1949 to 1993 based on life histories for samples of residents in Beijing and Shanghai.

Clothing industry -- Economic aspects and Socialism -- China

Business enterprises at the state, urban collective, township-village and joint venture levels are evaluated for their technical and allocative efficiency in China's garment industry. It is shown that new socialist-oriented and joint venture companies exhibited greater efficiency than their traditional counterparts. In addition, even economic reform will not fully elevate the status of traditional businesses to the level of their more modern socialist counterparts.

Socialism -- China and China -- Economic aspects

Deng Xiaoping's remarks during his tour of south China in the spring of 1992 inspired many people and encouraged China on to the path of reform. Xiaoping's remarks guided the Chinese and hastened their economic development and led the country to a market economic structure from a planned economic system. Deng Xiaoping planned the development of a socialist structure.

Socialism -- China, Economic development -- Planning, and China -- Economic aspects

Deng Xiaoping, during his tour of Wuchang, Shenzhen and Zhuhai, encouraged the Chinese to continue their reforms for the establishment of socialism. Disparity between the rich and poor can be eliminated only if developed states help underdeveloped regions in the payment of taxes and the introduction of new technology. He insisted on the need to combat corruption to aid the country's economic progress.

Socialism -- China and China -- Social aspects

China is introducing market forces to its economy, but remains a socialist state. This refutes the idea that market forces can only preside in capitalist countries. The Chinese regime is unique and independent of the former Soviet Union, with which it split in 1957. In China it is planned that the amount of private ownership should increase from 5% to 25% by the year 2000.

Communist Party (China) -- Conferences, meetings and seminars, Socialism -- China, and China -- Economic policy

The objectives of the Communist Party of China were outlined by Jiang Zemin, general secretary of the Central Committee, during the 14th National Congress of the Party. In his speech, Jiang Zemin emphasized the need for accelerating reform in the field of economics and socialist development. An essential component in any further development would be the advancement of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Economic development -- Planning, Socialism -- China, and China -- Economic aspects

One of the main goals of China is to restructure the economy by means of introducing the concept of the socialist market economy. Gong Yuzhi, a former deputy-head of propaganda for the Communist Party of China defines a socialist market economy as a 'modern market economy under the circumstances of socialism'. This is not to be confused with privatization since it merely entails the enhancement of public ownership into a more independent, decentralized and economically viable form.

Books -- Book reviews and Remaking the Economic Institutions of Socialism: China and Europe (Book) -- Book reviews

Communism -- Analysis, Dissenters -- Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Socialism -- China, and China -- Politics and government

China is unlikely to experience the demise of communism. The foundations of the ideology are too strong so that it is highly improbable that it will follow the fate of Russia, East Germany or Czechoslovakia. Although reforms are in the offing, the country will not succumb to complete privatization. Neither will it experience internal turmoil. Social cohesiveness has always been a part of Chinese tradition. Although the country's continuing human rights violation and Deng Xiaoping's death can pave the way for social unrest, the existing ideology will persist.

Economic development -- China, Capitalism -- Usage, Socialism -- China, and China -- Economic policy

Prominent Chinese economists discussed in a two-day conference reforms proposed by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping. The economists said that capitalism is compatible with China's socialist system and consistent with Marxist-Leninist theory. The Chinese fear of capitalism is a result of the historical humiliation which China suffered under foreign imperialists. Other topics discussed were competitive mechanisms, socialism and the market economy, non-state sectors, rural reforms and theoretical controversies.

Communist Party (China). Central Committee -- Management, Socialism -- China, and China -- Politics and government

Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Deng Xiaoping has warned against leftist efforts to disrupt the country's transition to socialism. He said leftist elements should be stopped from opposing initiatives to open China to world trade. Furthermore, Deng emphasized that a reversion to the old political order will only lead to more chaos. Deng also alerted the authorities to the threat to stability posed by rightist groups.

Socialism -- China and China -- Politics and government

Hongkong Deputy Fok Ying Tung expressed his views on socialism for China during his speech at the fifth session of the Seventh National People's Congress. Fok said the kind of socialism that will work for the country is that which will harness its cultural heritage to effect economic growth. Fok cited the experience of the Pearl River Delta as a validation of the efficacyof socialism to build economies. Pearl River Delta has been experiencing continued growth under its socialist government. Fok also shared his conviction that food and housing are the most basic needs of citizens.

Human rights -- China, Socialism -- China, and China -- Politics and government

Socialism -- China and China -- Politics and government

Socialism -- China and China -- Economic policy

Human rights -- Ethical aspects, Peace -- Ethical aspects, and Socialism -- China

Chinese students -- Social aspects, Education and state -- China, Socialism -- China, Field work (Educational method) -- Management, and China -- Social policy

Communist Party (China) -- Management, Socialism -- China, Economic development -- Planning, and China -- History

Prime ministers -- Interviews, Socialism -- China, and China -- Economic policy

International cooperation -- China, Economic development -- China, Economic policy -- China, Socialism -- China, and China -- Politics and government

Communist Party (China) -- Economic policy and Socialism -- China

Macroeconomics -- Control, Socialism -- China, Monetary policy -- Analysis, and China -- Economic policy

Socialism -- Economic aspects and Socialism -- China

Socialism -- Economic aspects and Socialism -- China