articles+ search results

literary mapping, geospatial prototyping, scholarly communication, 'paradise lost', History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

By focusing on the process of building 'A Map of Paradise Lost'—a geospatial humanities text-to-map project that visualizes the locatable places in John Milton’s 'Paradise Lost'— this paper addresses the question “why map literature?” and demonstrates how the process of research prototyping is in itself a form of knowledge production. Through a series of 'prototyping moments', we address how the different steps involved in building a geospatial humanities project can produce new knowledge about the fields it relates to: literary studies and digital humanities. The prototyping moments make arguments that advance our understanding of Milton’s 'Paradise Lost', approaches to data visualization for cartographic comparison in and beyond DH, and models for interdisciplinary collaboration. Résumé En se concentrant sur le processus de construction 'd’une Carte du Paradis Perdu' – un projet d’humanités géospatiales qui visualise, dans une carte à partir du texte, les places localisables dans le 'Paradis Perdu' de John Milton – cet article aborde la question «pourquoi une littérature cartographique?» et démontre comment le processus de prototypage de recherche est en soi une forme de production de connaissances. A travers une série de 'moments de prototypage', nous abordons comment les différentes étapes impliquées dans la construction d’un projet d’humanités géospatiales peuvent produire de nouvelles connaissances concernant les domaines relatifs à ce sujet: études littéraires et humanités digitales. Les moments de prototypage présentent des arguments qui améliorent notre compréhension du 'Paradis Perdu' de Milton, des approches de visualisation des données pour une comparaison cartographique «à l’intérieur» et «au-delà» des humanités digitales ainsi que des modèles pour une collaboration interdisciplinaire. Mots-clés: cartographie littéraire; prototypage géospatial; communication savante; 'Paradis Perdu'

prototyping, user interface, information system, internship, Mathematics, QA1-939, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Human Resources (HR) is one of the important things that determines the success of the services of a company, one of the things done to prepare a good HR is to launch a program of Job Training (PKL) or also known as an internship. PT.Gramedia Asri Media became one of the companies implementing the internship program, but the existing internship program was still carried out manually by distributing information to tertiary institutions via email. This journal aims to create an apprenticeship information system design by developing a system using the prototyping method so that the apprenticeship process can be carried out in a single system from the dissemination of information to the resolution of administrative problems related to finance and the need for an apprenticeship approval document. The system development method used therein is the prototyping method that starts from analyzing user needs to creating a User Interface (UI) that is easily understood by the user. The apprenticeship information system is expected to make the apprenticeship process more effective both in registering and processing the internship data contained therein.

k-nearest neighbor, classification, kNN prototyping, Human Activity Recognition (HAR), performance, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

The kNN machine learning method is widely used as a classifier in Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems. Although the kNN algorithm works similarly both online and in offline mode, the use of all training instances is much more critical online than offline due to time and memory restrictions in the online mode. Some methods propose decreasing the high computational costs of kNN by focusing, e.g., on approximate kNN solutions such as the ones relying on Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH). However, embedded kNN implementations also need to address the target device’s memory constraints, especially as the use of online classification needs to cope with those constraints to be practical. This paper discusses online approaches to reduce the number of training instances stored in the kNN search space. To address practical implementations of HAR systems using kNN, this paper presents simple, energy/computationally efficient, and real-time feasible schemes to maintain at runtime a maximum number of training instances stored by kNN. The proposed schemes include policies for substituting the training instances, maintaining the search space to a maximum size. Experiments in the context of HAR datasets show the efficiency of our best schemes.

Distributed computing, Concurrent computing, Distributed data processing, Hot swapping, Code replacement, Erlang, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

OODIDA (On-board/Off-board Distributed Data Analytics) is a platform for distributed real-time analytics, targeting fleets of reference vehicles in the automotive industry. Its users are data analysts. The bulk of the data analytics tasks are performed by clients (on-board), while a central cloud server performs supplementary tasks (off-board). OODIDA can be automatically packaged and deployed, which necessitates restarting parts of the system, or all of it. As this is potentially disruptive, we added the ability to execute user-defined Python modules on clients as well as the server. These modules can be replaced without restarting any part of the system; they can even be replaced between iterations of an ongoing assignment. This feature is referred to as active-code replacement. It facilitates use cases such as iterative A/B testing of machine learning algorithms or modifying experimental algorithms on-the-fly. Various safeguards are in place to ensure that custom code does not have harmful consequences, for instance by limiting the allowed types for return values or prohibiting importing of certain modules of the Python standard library. Consistency of results is achieved by majority vote, which prevents tainted state. Our evaluation shows that active-code replacement can be done in less than a second in an idealized setting whereas a standard deployment takes many orders of magnitude more time. The main contribution of this paper is the description of a relatively straightforward approach to active-code replacement that is very user-friendly. It enables a data analyst to quickly execute custom code on the cloud server as well as on client devices. Sensible safeguards and design decisions ensure that this feature can be used by non-specialists who are not familiar with the implementation of OODIDA in general or this feature in particular. As a consequence of adding the active-code replacement feature, OODIDA is now very well-suited for rapid prototyping.

smart power grids, power system measurement, power grids, power system security, distributed power generation, power engineering computing, fault location, power system control, power system simulation, power distribution control, energy management systems, real-time cyber-physical systems testbed, control prototyping, operator training, power grid, advanced wide-area monitoring, control algorithms, wampac, realistic testbed environments, industry-grade software, hardware-in-the-loop, validation studies, ideal platforms, cyberattack scenarios, pnnl cyber, integrates real-time transmission system, commercial industry-grade energy management system software, remote hil, modular testbed, high-fidelity rhil experimentation, power system, detailed case studies, prime testbed, larger test systems, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

As the power grid continues to evolve with advanced wide-area monitoring, protection, and control (WAMPAC) algorithms, there is an increasing need for realistic testbed environments with industry-grade software and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) to perform verification and validation studies. Such testbed environments serve as ideal platforms to perform WAMPAC prototyping, operator training, and also to study the impacts of different types of cyberattack scenarios on the operation of the grid. In this study, the authors introduce pacific northwest national laboratory(PNNL) cyber-physical systems testbed (PRIME): the testbed that integrates real-time transmission system simulator with commercial industry-grade energy management system software and remote HIL (RHIL). PRIME is an end-to-end, modular testbed that allows high-fidelity RHIL experimentation of a power system. We present two detailed case studies (fault location and clearing in the transmission system and operator training) to show the capabilities of their PRIME testbed. Finally, we briefly discuss some of the potential limitations of their testbed in terms of scalability and flexibility to set up larger test systems and identify directions for future work to address these limitations.

Rapid Prototyping, surgery planning, fractures, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Orthopaedic trauma surgery is a complex surgical speciality in which anatomy, physiology and physics are mixed. Proper diagnosing and based on that planning and performing surgery is of crucial matter. This article presents usefulness of 3D reconstruction in diagnostics and surgical planning. It focuses on utility of computed tomography reconstruction in trauma surgery. Moreover, two cases in which this technique was used is described. Complex 3D reconstruction proved its usefulness and in future it may become a modality of choice for planning complex trauma procedures in which standard implants and approaches are insufficient.

literary mapping, geospatial prototyping, scholarly communication, paradise lost, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

This draft of the article was accidentally published on 23/01/2020. It has been retracted; the correct version of the article will soon be published [link to follow]. For a temporary author manuscript version, please see https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3631743

stereolithography, numerical modelling, tensile test, resin, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

The presented research deals with the development of the numerical model for resins used for stereolithography (SLA) rapid prototyping. SLA is an additive method of production of models, prototypes, elements or parts of constructions with the use of 3D printing that covers photochemical processes by which light causes chemical monomers to link together to form polymers. Such method is very useful in design visualization, but also can be applied in numerical modelling for the purpose of validation and verifi-cation. In this application the resin strength parameters must be described and on the base of them the numerical material model is developed and validated. Such a study for SLA resins was presented in the paper.

fakultas ilmu keperawatan universitas riau, try out, uji kompetensi ners indonesia, computer based test (cbt), Science, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Uji Kompetensi Ners Indonesia (UKNI) yaitu merupakan suatu proses untuk mengukur pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan sikap, sesuai dengan standar profesi guna memberikan jaminan bahwa perawat mampu melaksanakan peran profesinya secara aman dan efektif di masyarakat. Uji kompetensi ners Indonesia menggunakan komputer (Computer Based Test/CBT). Sebelum melaksanakan UKNI yang akan dilaksanakan nasional di perguruan tinggi program studi keperawatan, mahasiswa terlebih dahulu melakukan try out uji kompetensi ners sebagai langkah untuk mempersiapkan diri. Hal ini juga terjadi di Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Riau (FKp-UR). Selama ini kegiatan try out dilaksanakan secara konvensional yaitu menggunakan kertas sebagai media dalam melaksanakannya, sehingga menyebabkan mahasiswa menjadi tidak terbiasa dalam melaksanakan UKNI berbasis CBT. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut dibangun sebuah sistem CBT try out di FKp-UR, diharapkan dengan dibangunnya sistem tersebut, mahasiswa mampu membiasakan diri dalam menggunakan CBT pada saat melaksanakan UKNI. Hasil dari penelitian diketahui bahwa pada tahap pembangunan sistem menggunakan metode prototyping sebanyak empat kali putaran, sehingga kebutuhan dari user terhadap sistem dapat terpenuhi dengan maksimal. Kata kunci: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Riau ,Try Out, Uji Kompetensi Ners Indonesia, Computer Based Test (CBT), user acceptence test, performance efficiency, usabilty, security.

on-site participation, mass-customized cities, bespoke construction deliveries, large-scale urban prototyping, responsive cities, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

application programming interfaces, cognitive dimensions, music technology, interactive machine learning, user-centered design, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

To better support creative software developers and music technologists' needs, and to empower them as machine learning users and innovators, the usability of and developer experience with machine learning tools must be considered and better understood. We review background research on the design and evaluation of application programming interfaces (APIs), with a focus on the domain of machine learning for music technology software development. We present the design rationale for the RAPID-MIX API, an easy-to-use API for rapid prototyping with interactive machine learning, and a usability evaluation study with software developers of music technology. A cognitive dimensions questionnaire was designed and delivered to a group of 12 participants who used the RAPID-MIX API in their software projects, including people who developed systems for personal use and professionals developing software products for music and creative technology companies. The results from questionnaire indicate that participants found the RAPID-MIX API a machine learning API which is easy to learn and use, fun, and good for rapid prototyping with interactive machine learning. Based on these findings, we present an analysis and characterization of the RAPID-MIX API based on the cognitive dimensions framework, and discuss its design trade-offs and usability issues. We use these insights and our design experience to provide design recommendations for ML APIs for rapid prototyping of music technology. We conclude with a summary of the main insights, a discussion of the merits and challenges of the application of the CDs framework to the evaluation of machine learning APIs, and directions to future work which our research deems valuable.

on-site participation, mass-customized cities, bespoke construction deliveries, large-scale urban prototyping, responsive cities, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Despite ubiquitous urbanization and worldwide standardization, there is a lack of better differentiation between cities toward more customized environments. Although current advancements in computational design and digital fabrication technologies have been successfully applied in various architectural scales, they have rarely, if ever, been implemented in a larger urban context that can lead to broader benefit and responses for citizens. This research aims to describe the potential of digital fabrication methods for large-scale urban applications that can subsequently lead to more diverse and unique urban environments. This paper summarizes state-of-the-art principles for large-scale building construction that have been implemented in the past, along with current research and practice, and outlines a conceptual framework for possible future directions for large quantities of automatic and bespoke construction deliveries for future customized urban scenarios. This article also outlines the effects of end-users' participation on urban developments using online users' interface to inform building processes. To address aspects of end-users' engagement in customization of cities, the article elaborates the question of responsiveness, where the citizen actively interacts with the environment and building technology and vice versa in order to customize the urban space. This is theoretically and conceptually explained and illustrated in a case study related to the formerly industrial harbor area of Tanjong Pagar in the city of Singapore, which is a test-bed for new urban developments on 325 ha of waterfront land in the downtown port area within the context of a tropical city.

Mathematics, QA1-939, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Logical frameworks are meta-formalisms in which the syntax and semantics of object logics and related formal systems can be defined. This allows object logics to inherit implementations from the framework including, e.g., parser, type checker, or module system. But if the desired object logic falls outside the comfort zone of the logical framework, these definitions may become cumbersome or infeasible. Therefore, the MMT system abstracts even further than previous frameworks: it assumes no type system or logic at all and allows its kernel algorithms to be customized by almost arbitrary sets of rules. In particular, this allows implementing standard logical frameworks like LF in MMT. But it does so without chaining users to one particular meta-formalism: users can flexibly adapt MMT whenever the object logic demands it. In this paper, we present a series of case studies that do just that, defining increasingly complex object logics in MMT. We use elegant declarative logic definitions wherever possible, but inject entirely new rules into the kernel when necessary. Our experience shows that the MMT approach allows deriving prototype implementations of very diverse formal systems very easily and quickly.

energy efficiency, rotor position detection, sensorless drive, switched reluctance motor, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Abstract A switched reluctance motor (SRM) is a low‐cost motor with a simple structure and variable speed industrial and home applications. This article presents the design, simulation, and development of a low‐cost, accurate, and small‐size sensorless driver for a 6/4 three‐phase SRM. In the algorithm, the (nonlinear) relation of the flux, current, and rotor (FCR) position is linearized to achieve a modified FCR model, in which the values of the most important points of the primary FCR are emphasized. The SRM parameters required for the design process are obtained using a 3D finite‐element method (FEM). The proposed method is simulated and then tested under different load and speed conditions. The results are compared with a conventional sensorless algorithm's results, and the reference data are obtained by a direct with‐sensor algorithm. The algorithm estimates the rotor position (error of 1.3%) between low to nominal speed of the selected SRM under both nominal and no‐load conditions. In comparison with the conventional algorithm, the proposed FCR model significantly reduces the calculation cost and memory demand by 66%. Finally, the proposed algorithm decreases the driver size and price by 64% and 85%, respectively.

Mathematics, QA1-939, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

We propose active object languages as a development tool for formal system models of distributed systems. Additionally to a formalization based on a term rewriting system, we use established Software Engineering concepts, including software product lines and object orientation that come with extensive tool support. We illustrate our modeling approach by prototyping a weak memory model. The resulting executable model is modular and has clear interfaces between communicating participants through object-oriented modeling. Relaxations of the basic memory model are expressed as self-contained variants of a software product line. As a modeling language we use the formal active object language ABS which comes with an extensive tool set. This permits rapid formalization of core ideas, early validity checks in terms of formal invariant proofs, and debugging support by executing test runs. Hence, our approach supports the prototyping of formal system models with early feedback.

software interface, prototyping, multi-criteria analysis, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Comparative analysis tools for prototyping of user interfaces was carried out using a multi-criteria analysis. They were carried out tests of selected tools for prototyping interfaces. The results of the research allowed to determine the values of diagnostic variables that were used to choose the best tool.

Mathematics, QA1-939, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

"Systems that Explain Themselves" appears a provocative wording, in particular in the context of mathematics education – it is as provocative as the idea of building educational software upon technology from computer theorem proving. In spite of recent success stories like the proofs of the Four Colour Theorem or the Kepler Conjecture, mechanised proof is still considered somewhat esoteric by mainstream mathematics. This paper describes the process of prototyping in the ISAC project from a technical perspective. This perspective depends on two moving targets: On the one side the rapidly increasing power and coverage of computer theorem provers and their user interfaces, and on the other side potential users: What can students and teachers request from educational systems based on technology and concepts from computer theorem proving, now and then? By the way of describing the process of prototyping the first comprehensive survey on the state of the ISAC prototype is given as a side effect, made precise by pointers to the code and by citation of all contributing theses.

Mathematics, QA1-939, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

We are concerned with systems, particularly safety-critical systems, that involve interaction between users and devices, such as the user interface of medical devices. We therefore developed a MISRA C code generator for formal models expressed in the PVSio-web prototyping toolkit. PVSio-web allows developers to rapidly generate realistic interactive prototypes for verifying usability and safety requirements in human-machine interfaces. The visual appearance of the prototypes is based on a picture of a physical device, and the behaviour of the prototype is defined by an executable formal model. Our approach transforms the PVSio-web prototyping tool into a model-based engineering toolkit that, starting from a formally verified user interface design model, will produce MISRA C code that can be compiled and linked into a final product. An initial validation of our tool is presented for the data entry system of an actual medical device.

CPS, CPPS, validation, software-framework, virtual prototyping, manufacturing system design, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

As a result of the growing demand for highly customized and individual products, companies need to enable flexible and intelligent manufacturing. Cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) will act autonomously in the future in an interlinked production and enable such flexibility. However, German mid-sized plant manufacturers rarely use virtual technologies for design and validation in order to design CPPS. The research project Virtual Commissioning with Smart Hybrid Prototyping (VIB-SHP) investigated the usage of virtual technologies for manufacturing systems and CPPS design. Aspects of asynchronous communicating, intelligent- and autonomous-acting production equipment in an immersive validation environment, have been investigated. To enable manufacturing system designers to validate CPPS, a software framework for virtual prototyping has been developed. A mechatronic construction kit for production system design integrates discipline-specific models and manages them in a product lifecycle management (PLM) solution. With this construction kit manufacturing designers are able to apply virtual technologies and the validation of communication processes with the help of behavior models. The presented approach resolves the sequential design process for the development of mechanical, electrical, and software elements and ensures the consistency of these models. With the help of a bill of material (BOM)- and signal-based alignment of the discipline-specific models in an integrated mechatronic product model, the communication of the design status and changes are improved. The re-use of already-specified and -designed modules enable quick behavior modeling, code evaluation, as well as interaction with the virtualized assembly system in an immersive environment.

Electronic computers. Computer science and QA75.5-76.95

In order to solve the problem of high cost and long cycle in the process of traditional subtractive material manufacturing of a complex-shaped mould, the technology of FDM rapid prototyping is used in combination with the global service idea of cloud manufacturing, where the information of various kinds of heterogeneous-forming process data produced in the process of FDM rapid prototyping is analysed. Meanwhile, the transfer and transformation relation of each forming process data information in the rapid manufacturing process with the digital model as the core is clarified, so that the FDM rapid manufacturing process is integrated into one, thus forming a digital and intelligent manufacturing system for a complex-shaped mould based on the cloud manufacturing big data management. This paper takes the investment casting mould of a spur gear as an example. Through research on the forming mechanism of jet wire, the factors affecting forming quality and efficiency is analysed from three stages: the pretreatment of the 3D model, the rapid prototyping, and the postprocessing of the forming parts. The relationship between the forming parameters and the craft quality is thus established, and the optimization schemes at each stage of this process are put forward through the study on the forming mechanism of jet wire. Through a rapid prototyping test, it is shown that the spur face gear master mould based on this technology can be quickly manufactured with a critical surface accuracy within a range of 0.036 mm–0.181 mm and a surface roughness within the range of 0.007–0.01 μm by only 1/3 the processing cycle of traditional subtractive material manufacturing. It lays a solid foundation for rapid intelligent manufacturing of products with a complex-shaped structure.