articles+ search results

innovative engineering activity, methodical system, rapid prototyping technology, competence, competence approach, and Education

Introduction. The methodological systems of preparation for innovative engineering activity involve the involvement of students in all stages of the innovation cycle, including obtaining an intangible innovative product. However, the inability to obtain in students a material innovative product reduces the effectiveness of the preparation of these systems. The purpose of this study is to create a methodical system for preparing students for innovative research activities based on their involvement in all stages of obtaining a material innovative product using additive technologies. Materials and Methods. For writing the article the authors used the main points of the integrated approach to learning (integration of theoretical and practical training of innovative research activities and interdisciplinary integration of various branches of science (pedagogy, mathematical modeling, 3D modeling, additive technologies, innovation). Results. The methodical system of training students of technical higher education institution has been created and implemented, ensuring their involvement in all stages of the innovation cycle due to the use of rapid prototyping technologies. The effectiveness of technologies is confirmed by the results of the pedagogical experiment. Discussion and Conclusions. The performed researches allowed to create a methodical system for training students of technical universities of innovative research activities based on rapid prototyping technologies. This method significantly improves the effectiveness of training. It ensures the participation of students in all stages of obtaining a material innovative product: during the study of the course, and during classroom sessions. This method was developed and tested for the implementation at National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University. It provides the practical significance of the study considered in the article. Further development of the material presented in the article can be related to the expansion of the infrastructure of the Rapid Pro university center for designing and prototyping and attracting students to manufacturing industrial products.

cities of the future, smart city technologies, lability, robustness, changes, prototyping, aggregation, model, Economics as a science, and HB71-74

Purpose of the study. The purpose of the scientific paper is the formation of a model of managing the economy of municipality through aggregation and prototyping in conditions of lability and robustness of changes. As part of the stated goal, the author is supposed to conduct the economy prototyping of the municipality based on built-in management platforms; to form an adapted risk assessment model in the implementation of smart-project; to propose an aggregated model for assessing the development of the economy.Materials and methods. While writing a scientific article, the methods of situational and simulation modeling, approximation and grouping of specific elements of the structural object, and the process of algorithmization of functional processes are used. Particular emphasis in this paper is made on the methodological apparatus, which allows drawing conclusions based on subjective author’s opinion, to take into account external changes in the system under study. These methodological approaches include entropy of scientific knowledge, aberration, approximation, robustness. Results. Within the framework of the conducted research the following conclusions are formed: the municipal economy is in the process of transformation, it is possible to obtain positive changes with the help of prototyping the model of municipality; smart- projects as the basis of the economy of the municipality are subject to robustness and lability of changes, provoking negative risks; game theory is a rather important tool, used in the context of the definition of the riskiness of the smart-project the aggregated model for assessing the development of the economy of the municipality makes it possible to formulate certain premises of the Smart City concept in municipalities. Conclusion. For the effective development of municipalities, it is necessary to transform the economies towards the formation of municipality based on using prototyping and aggregation tools in conditions of lability and robustness of the changes. Presented in the scientific paper, the aspect of aggregation and prototyping of the economy of the municipal formation is the initial stage in the development of the concept of management of the Smart Economy of the municipal formation. The transformation of municipal economies regulates the need for a new tool for the development of these territories. The author of the scientific article proposes to use the adapted model of risk assessment of Smart-design based on game theory and the aggregated model for assessing the development of the economy of a municipal formation. The adapted model of risk assessment of Smart-design on the ground of the theory of games is based on the use of the Bayes criterion, Wald’s maximin criterion, the Savage decision-making criterion, the Hurwitz stability criterion, the Hodges-Lehmann criterion. The selected criteria contribute to the definition of the least risky Smart- project with the aim of its implementation in the municipal economy. The aggregated model for assessing the economy development of the municipal entity projects the regression parameter data algorithm – Constructive Coste Model (COCOMO) on the basis of which a conclusion is given about the level of the economy development of the municipal formation. In the future, simulation models of economic management can supplement this study in conditions of the prevalence of knowledge and intelligence, as well as methods for assessing the quality of urban technological infrastructure.

oil reservoir simulation, enhanced oil recovery methods, finite element method, comsol multiphysics, mathematical models of two-phase immiscible flow of water and heavy oil, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, and TN1-997

Reservoir simulation is a powerful tool to mimic the formation behaviour during primary production and later on for planning enhanced oil recovery (EOR) pattern. However, all available commercial and developed scien-tific/academic software for this purpose is based on either finite difference method (FDM) or finite volume method (FVM). Recently finite element method started to gain more attention in the scientific and commercial practices due to its robust results and the ability to deal with complex boundaries. COMSOL Multiphysics is a finite element method (FEM)-based software, having very special features, which are different from standard reservoir engineering software packages like Eclipse or CMG, which are black box-type software. The most important feature of the COMSOL is that user can see equation and modify it - customize for specific conditions and objectives, as well as couple different physics together and apply different solvers, which are under user’s disposal. In this paper, short background of FEM will be illustrated and then the mathematical models of two-phase immiscible flow of water and heavy oil will be reviewed and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics on the famous inverted five-spot model. The comparison between the results of Comsol Multiphysics and Eclipse shows good agreement. This study is the first step in applying Comsol Multiphysics to reservoir simulation. Further steps will involve simulating thermal enhanced oil recovery using steam flooding technique and coupling Comsol Multiphysics with CMG software package to enhance simulation inputs and outputs.

3d printing technology, horn antenna, coaxial-waveguide transition, additive technologies, galvanization, Information theory, and Q350-390

The technology of additive 3D printing is widely used in various branches of science and industry. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to evaluate and study the possibilities of 3D printing technology applied to the manufacture of microwave devices and to compare the characteristics of the devices obtained with the characteristics used in the electrodynamic model. Printing metal parts is an overly expensive process in small-scale production, both in terms of the cost of equipment and in relation to the materials used. In this work, parts for microwave devices were made of plastic with the aim of cheapening. Relatively cheap polymers used in 3D printing are dielectrics. Therefore, to limit the propagation of an electromagnetic wave in all directions it was necessary to create a conductive layer on the surface of printed models. The article: identifies the FFF print parameters that affect to the maximum extent the propagation of an electromagnetic wave; describes the process and problems encountered when printing and galvanizing parts; discusses the steps of modeling devices and measuring their parameters. The characteristics of microwave devices made by 3D printing technology were investigated. An assessment of the possibilities of manufacturing antennas and coaxial-waveguide transitions using this technology was carried out. To implement the conductive layer on the surface of the models, the method of galvanization was used. The adhesion properties of the obtained metallic coatings were investigated. The results of electromagnetic modeling are given. The parameters that affect to the maximum extent the quality of the implemented devices were determined. Laboratory measurements of the characteristics of produced devices were conducted. The simulation results of the examined devices are in good agreement with the experimental characteristics of the made models using 3D printing technology. A complete production cycle of microwave devices was carried out: design, simulation, sample production, and validation of characteristics. Prospects for the further development of the described technology include a variation of the types of plastics used as a substrate, the application of finishing decorative and functional coatings, an improvement in the adhesion properties of the applied copper layer with the substrate.

children, maxillofacial area, tumors, neoplasms, planning, 3d modeling, prototyping, Pediatrics, and RJ1-570

The article presents the results of surgical treatment of children with tumors, with postoperative facial deformities and defects of the skull secondary to tumors, using the technique of 3D modeling followed by prototyping of jaw models.

design thinking, it education, new educational technologies, technological entrepreneurship, personnel training, Finance, and HG1-9999

The paper examines the experience of applying new experimental education methods to the development of creative abilities, research skills and building communications in the staff training for technological entrepreneurship. Not long ago, universities began to include the technological business course into the educational process. To learn how to code, promote one’s project over the Internet using well-known online marketing technologies, project management methodologies, management principles, techniques of interviewing potential users to determine the usefulness of a non-existent but almost created and almost sold product is not difficult. But it is one thing to speak about the already established methods of analyzing the success of the promotion of a product, a website, an advertising message on the Internet that can be tested on ready solutions, and quite the other thing is to teach a person to conceive an idea, analyze its feasibility, evaluate its competitive advantages, create a prototype and launch it into the test environment. The authors propose to consider the design thinking techniques precisely in the context of their applicability at the initial stages of a startup company’s life cycle. The key stages of the design thinking process - empathy, focusing, generation, selection, prototyping and testing - are built on the ability to quickly generate a variety of ideas that make it possible to get away from banality as well as on rules of choosing the best solution, its embodiment, even at the prototype level, and testing. The sessions are based on game mechanics and cases that allow development of solutions for abnormal situations.

Electronic computers. Computer science and QA75.5-76.95

This paper illustrates rapid prototyping method applied for mobile multimedia systems with L2L (lossless-to-lossy) compression scheme. Debug module Xilinx ML-401 based on the FPGA (Filed Programmable Gate Array) is taken as the basis. Microblaze soft-processor is used as the main control unit. Proposed DCT-IDCT cores are developed using VHDL hardware description language as FSL (Fast Simples Link) coprocessors for Microblaze or standalone PLB (Processor Logical Bus) acceleration peripheral. Result of image processing is displayed on the screen connected via VGA interface. Proposed recursive architecture of DCT-IDCT core can be used as a basis of L2L coder.

срединные поверхности оболочек, метод полипараметризации, компьютерное макетирование, системы автоматизированного проектирования (САПР), Architectural engineering. Structural engineering of buildings, and TH845-895

The paper considers the possibility of using the polyparameterization method for geo- metric modeling of middle surfaces of shells in order to ensure their effective computer pro- totyping. Examples of variant forming of thin-walled spatial building structures were ana- lyzed

osteoplastic materials, alginate - calcium phosphates composite materials, in vitro studies, cytocompatibity, matrix properties, Orthopedic surgery, and RD701-811

Porous granular composite biomaterials based on sodium alginate and calcium phosphate component: 1% sodium alginate; sodium alginate with gelatin (80/20); calcium phosphate ceramics (CHA, TCP and OCP) and composite materials alginate/CHA, alginate/TCP, alginate/OCP, alginate/gelatin (80/20)/TCP and alginate/TCP/CHA/OCP were investigated for cytotoxicity and matrix (for cells) properties in dynamics of cultivation (up to 21 days). Two adhesive cell lines - immortalized human fibroblasts (HF, strain 1608 hTERT) and human osteosarcoma (MG-63) were used for in vitro MTT assay. OCP material showed its cytotoxicity while all its composites possessed weak matrix properties. For further research on the development of prototyping technologies 3 samples of composite materials were selected: alginate/CHA, alginate/TCP and alginate/gelatin (80/20)/TCP that are characterized by cytocompatibity and the presence of either expressed or moderate matrix properties of the surface for cells.

Technology

Growth dynamics pertaining to country- and industry branch-wise application of additive technologies is presented in the paper. The paper contains application examples of these technologies with a view of rapid manufacturing. Specific concrete recommendations are proposed for quicker introduction of additive manufacturing technologies in domestic industry.

Technology

Growth dynamics pertaining to country- and industry branch-wise application of additive technologies is presented in the paper. The paper contains application examples of these technologies with a view of rapid manufacturing. Specific concrete recommendations are proposed for quicker introduction of additive manufacturing technologies in domestic industry.

Mining engineering. Metallurgy and TN1-997

The neuronet algorithm and software «ProNeuroLit» are developed for choice of prototypes of gating systems on the basis of database of analogues. The different regimes of operation of «proneurolit» by choice of gating systems are shown.

dysplastic hip subluxation, children, triple pelvic osteotomy, 3d modeling and prototyping, patientspecific templates, Orthopedic surgery, and RD701-811

Purpose of the study — to evaluate the degree of correction of acetabular spatial position after triple pelvic osteotomy using patient-specific templates in children with dysplastic hip subluxation. Materials and methods. Study included 30 patients (30 hips) with dysplastic hip subluxation aging from 14 to 18 years (mean age of 16.3±1.4). All children were divided into two groups — main group consisted of 15 children (15 hips) who underwent triple pelvic osteotomy using patient-specific templates produced by 3D modeling and prototyping technology; control group consisted of 15 children (15 hips) who underwent triple pelvic osteotomy based on standard preoperative planning. X-ray and CT of hip joints was made in all patients. Results. Parameters of acetabular spatial position as well as integral parameters which define the ratio between acetabulum and femoral components and hip stability were in the range of normal variation in patients of the main group. Similar average parameters in patients of control group were below the lower margin of the physiological norm (p

optical system design, hydro-lens, deep-water lenses, protective domes, remote pupil lenses, virtual prototyping, Optics. Light, QC350-467, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Subject of Research. The paper considers hydro-lenses for the study of the World Ocean, including its Arctic zone. The issues of work at shallow depths and the shelf are regarded as having been resolved; the work is actively carried out at medium depths, 300–500 meters, therefore, the projects involving the study of deep water become the most relevant. These tasks are complex and multidisciplinary and, surely, require large scientific, technical and financial investments for their solutions and are able to ensure the replacement of expensive imported equipment. In terms of complexity, they are not inferior to the issues of space exploration. Method. Maximum attention is paid to the design of specialized optical systems that provide the formation, input and transmission of visual information from distant objects, which cannot be obtained by any other means. It is important to understand the role and purpose of each element in the design of such systems. This knowledge helps the developer to find the optimal solution for selecting the starting point of the optical system. The design methods were based on the experience of ITMO University in the development of optical schemes for hydro-lenses and their implementation in national projects for the World Ocean exploration. The main approach used in the design of hydro-lenses involves combining the analysis of the known solutions, their classification, recommendations of opticians-experts skilled in the art, as well as structural and parametric synthesis with subsequent automated correction of lens circuits. In recent years, virtual prototyping of models of hydro-lenses and their interaction with the external environment has been actively used. Main Results. The main results and their practical significance consist in calculation procedure development for hydro-lenses intended for deep-sea exploration and the creation of a number of hydro-lenses for solving applied scientific problems. The paper presents diagrams of certain lenses. Practical Relevance. The developed hydro-lenses can be used to solve various scientific and economic problems at deep waters of the World Ocean, up to the maximum ones.

innovative engineering, teaching model, methodology, rapid prototyping technology, competence, multilevel gradual training, and Education

Introduction. Undoubtedly, today the innovative training of students is a must, but the problem is how to realize it methodologically, meeting contemporary needs of the state and society. The objective of the article is to design a teaching model that would serve the basis for the methodology of training students in innovative engineering, based on multilevel integration and gradual education, adapted to certain conditions of the educational environment. Materials and Methods. The article developed the methodology for intertwined integrated and interdisciplinary scientific and methodological approaches comprising the unified system. It aimed to develop models of multilevel gradual training of students in innovative engineering. Methods (morphological one, involved in compilation of models for integrating levels and stages of learning; hypothetical-deductive one helping formulate the working hypothesis; experimental one confirming the working hypothesis and aiding to study the efficiency, etc.) and principles (multilevelness and gradualness) formed the basis for the development of models for training in innovative engineering. Results. The morphological table of models of multilevel gradual training of technical university students in IE was developed. One model of interdisciplinary integration of general technical disciplines with various types of activity was implemented using three stages (basic, synthesis-modelling, design and production) within the framework of the business game “Design office”. Model efficiency and the hypothesis were confirmed during the experiment. Discussion and Conclusion. The method was proposed for selecting models of multilevel and gradual training of students in innovative engineering. The methodology for interdisciplinary integration of general technical disciplines with various activities was developed. The methodology of the pedagogical experiment was elaborated for multilevel monitoring of innovative competences’ formedness. All results form the basis for methodological and scientific support in shaping students’ innovative thinking.

3d-printing of medicinal forms, rapid prototyping, additive technologies, theriform™, controlled release, personalized medicine, stereolithography, Pharmaceutical industry, and HD9665-9675

The development of personalized medicine requires new approaches to the development of dosage forms (DF), one such approach is rapid prototyping or in a different way the three-dimensional printing of tablets, plasters and other DF. Since the principle of individual dosing, the exact spatial arrangement of the pharmaceutical substance (PS), the possibility of using various geometric tablet forms to adjust the release rate, depending on the patient's need, is also possible in this approach, moreover, when creating a DF for the presented technology, it is possible to create and Quickly adjust the release profile according to the patient's requirements. A special impetus to the development of this technology was the recognition of the scalability of rapid prototyping and the release in 2016 in the US: with the approval of the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) 3D-printed orodispersible tablet Spritam® (levetiracetam). In this review we present methods of production of DF by the method of three-dimensional printing, such as the Theriform® process, stereolithography, extrusion, continuous inkjet printing, impregnated thread printing, microprojection, etc., classification of 3D printing types and features of each type of printing and equipment, on which the main technological process is produced. For the sake of clarity of the processes, the compositions and auxiliary substances used (AS), for example biodegradable polymers such as PLA, PLGA, etc., compositions of «ink» and powder substrates required for each type of process are given, as well as experimental data obtained from literature sources, curves release and technological properties of model samples. The possibilities demonstrated by the 3D printing of drugs to researchers and developers of the DF, in particular the rapid development and production of combinations of several PS with pulsatile, controlled, immediate or any other type of sequential release of the present FS in one DF are demonstrated. The evaluation of design features, advantages and disadvantages is carried out and the main components of the equipment for 3D DF printing are shown, the main attention is paid to such elements as printheads. it is their speed, mechanism of action and device that determines the type of rapid prototyping and the properties of the received DF. Conclusions about the prospects of this direction, in general, and of each technology separately, are evaluated, the advantages and disadvantages of the presented methods of DF production are estimated.

3D-printing, optical system, technical vision, software, recommendation systems, defect detecting, quality control, camera, prototyping, Optics. Light, QC350-467, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Subject of Research.The paper presents the study of methods for control of rapid prototyping processes with the use of technical vision hardware and software system. Product monitoring is a crucial function of any manufacturing process. It becomes more important when the monitoring is performed during the the product manufacturing. Three-dimensional printing technology requires this kind of monitoring system in order to improve the visual and durable qualities of the product, optimize the material costs and the speed of manufacturing. Method. The parameters of the optical system for capturing images in the printing process are defined in theory. Optical systems are selected providing the necessary image quality. The analysis of the camera placement configuration has been carried out to match optimally the task. The analysis was based on overall dimensions of the 3D printer, its working area and free space in the printer case. The ways for solution of software part problems were analyzed. Main Results. A mathematical apparatus was developed for calculation of the optical system parameters of a technical vision complex. Different variants of optical systems were selected for efficiency verification of the hardware and software system. Different methods for development of programs and algorithms for data processing from video cameras were considered. Practical Relevance. The development of the hardware and software system that controls the rapid prototyping process has a significant benefit in expanding the possibilities of automating rapid prototyping processes. The results of the work can be useful in quality control of the product during its manufacturing, in disclosure of deviations from the virtual three-dimensional model, in development of recommendations for control commands update in order to improve the quality and increase the speed of product manufacturing

integrated circuits, FPGA, verification, prototyping, behavioral model, interface, Optics. Light, QC350-467, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Subject of Research. The paper considers the research of verification methods for behavioral models by the field-programmed gate array (FPGA). Applying verification with FPGA gives the possibility to identify functional errors, which are not determined at the verification phase of the traditional integrated circuits (IC) design. Method. The approach is recommendedto two-stage IC interface blocks prototyping with FPGA by means of standard IP-blocks and external devices. The addition of an extra verification phase was proposed carried out after the verification phase according to the traditional IC design path in the Cadence automated design system. Main Results. The approach was used to verify the block of the serial peripheral interface (SPI), which was included in the IC of the micromechanical accelerometer. The result of the interface block model verification showed that the first stage of prototyping with the use of standard interface IP blocks gives the possibility to reveal the existing functional errors in the device with minimal time. Without standard IP-blocks, the model of the verification device ought to be developed separately that can lead to malfunction risks of the final device. The second prototyping stage applying an external plug-in verification device makes it possible to get out of errors connected with signal propagation delays outside the IC and to avoid limitations connected with lack of necessary IP-blocks. Practical Relevance. Two-stage prototyping can be used in the design of IC interface blocks with a view to minimize the probability of errors in data transmission. Functional errors not detected during the verification phase of the traditional IC design were identified and corrected based on the results of two-stage prototyping of the SPI block model. The model designed by this approach was used to develop an IC for a micromechanical accelerometer.

product management, digital transformation, collaboration, design approach, customer development, project based learning, competencies, prototyping, Management. Industrial management, and HD28-70

A high percentage of failures of new products is considerably associated with management issues at the initial, with a large amount of uncertainty, stage of product development. Taking into account the fact that the characteristics and functionality of the future product are determined exactly at the initial stage, the management of the process here is of decisive importance. In the digital transformation process, companies rethink the product development management process and, correspondingly, the competence model of product managers. The purpose of the paper is to identify the key competencies (qualities, personal characteristics and abilities allowing to carry out professional activity key tasks) of the digital era product managers, as well as testing the design and project approaches in developing their competencies. Getting primary information about the main professional tasks was provided through in-depth interviews with successful product managers from the following industries: internet and telecommunications, software, pharma and finance. Two typical profiles/types of product managers were identified and called «technologically-oriented» and «business-oriented». As a result of the empirical research the key universal competencies of product managers to manage innovative products development effectively have been revealed. The partial overlap with the competences of innovation entrepreneurs, identified earlier, was discovered. for the development of key competencies, the innovation training program was developed and tested. The statistical analysis results showed that project based learning in combination with design thinking, Lean Startup & Customer Development, as well as modern digital rapid prototyping technique application, provide positive dynamics in the development of revealed key competencies for beginning product managers.

digital design, 3d-printer, the sphere of education, prototyping, educational process, 3d-modeling, Information technology, and T58.5-58.64

The article touches upon the topic of using 3D-printing technologies in education. 3D-printing technologies can be used to teach technological skills in engineering and design as the main tool. They also help to reorient attention from the digital or virtual environment to the real world, because as a result of learning activity, not sketches and layouts, but real objects with specified characteristics act. 3D-printing technologies are fast-developing and promising technologies that can find their application in various fields, including in the field of education. These technologies due to the appearance of personal printing devices can facilitate the introduction of new forms of organization of the educational process, increase the motivation and formation of the necessary competencies of graduates and teachers.