Animation par ordinateur, Computer animation, Animación por computador, Implémentation, Implementation, Ejecución, Infographie, Computer graphics, Gráfico computadora, Langage C++, C++ language, Lenguaje C++, Largeur bande, Bandwidth, Anchura banda, Multimédia, Multimedia, Prototypage rapide, Rapid prototyping, Prototipificación rápida, Structure 3 dimensions, Three dimensional structure, Estructura 3 dimensiones, InvenTcl, Open Invertor, Version interprétative, Interpretive version, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences et techniques communes, Sciences and techniques of general use, Sciences de l'information. Documentation, Information science. Documentation, Traitement et recherche de l'information, Information processing and retrieval, Structure et analyse des documents et de l'information, Information and document structure and analysis, Analyse des contenus, Content analysis, Indexation. Classification. Résumé. Synthèses, Indexing. Classification. Abstracting. Syntheses, Sciences de l'information et de la communication, Information and communication sciences, Traitement et recherche d'information, Computer science, Informatique, Telecommunications, and Télécommunications

This paper describes InvenTcl which is an interpretive version of Open Inventor, a 3D graphics toolkit. To create InvenTcl, the Open Inventor toolkit is wrapped inside the interpreter Tcl/Tk and [incr Tcl]. To wrap InvenTcl the Open Inventor header files are parsed to create [incr Tcl] interpretive objects with the same names as objects in Open Inventor. Additionally, window event management, non-objects and object bindings are included and managed by InvenTcl. The advantages of InvenTcl include: script-able and direct manipulation of 3D objects in an Open Inventor scene, easy prototyping of 3D graphics and animation, low bandwidth communication of 3D scenes and animations (using scripts), and easy integration of 3D graphics with other media for fast prototyping of multimedia applications.

Extension, Extensión, Langage interrogation, Query language, Lenguaje interrogación, Langage programmation, Programming language, Lenguaje programación, Prototype, Prototipo, Système gestion base donnée, Database management system, Sistema gestión base datos, SQL (Structured Query Langage), Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences et techniques communes, Sciences and techniques of general use, Sciences de l'information. Documentation, Information science. Documentation, Systèmes de recherche d'informations. Système de gestion documentaire et d'information, Information retrieval systems. Information and document management system, Divers, Miscellaneous, Sciences de l'information et de la communication, Information and communication sciences, Système de recherche documentaire. Système de gestion documentaire et d'information, Documentation, Computer science, and Informatique

This paper describes ProSQL, a novel prototyping tool to support the development of extensions to SQL. ProSQL provides a simple way to prototype the features of a proposed extension and thus provide a proof of concept. Further, it provides proposers and reviewers of extensions with a clearer view of their positive and negative features. The approach adopted has been to build a wrapper around an existing database management system, in this case Microsoft Access, and to provide a collection of interfaces with which a designer can define extensions to the basic relational database.

Bibliothèque électronique, Electronic library, Biblioteca electronica, Enseignement supérieur, Graduate level education, Enseñanza superior, Fourniture document, Document delivery, Entrega documento, Information scientifique technique, Scientific technical information, Información científica técnica, Lien hypertexte, Hyperlink, Enlace hipertexto, Prototype, Prototipo, Recherche information, Information retrieval, Recuperación información, Sommaire, Table of contents, Sumario, British Library, Open Archives Initiative, Veille informationnelle, Information awareness, zetoc (service information), Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences et techniques communes, Sciences and techniques of general use, Sciences de l'information. Documentation, Information science. Documentation, Systèmes de recherche d'informations. Système de gestion documentaire et d'information, Information retrieval systems. Information and document management system, Sciences de l'information et de la communication, Information and communication sciences, Système de recherche documentaire. Système de gestion documentaire et d'information, Documentation, Computer science, and Informatique

zetoc is a current awareness and document delivery service providing World Wide Web and Z39.50 access to the British Library's Electronic Table of Contents database of journal articles and conference papers, along with an email alerting service. An experimental prototype version of zetoc is under development, based on open standards, including Dublin Core and XML, (eXtensible Markup Language) and using the open source, leading-edge Cheshire II information retrieval technology. Enhancements investigated in this prototype include request and delivery of discovered articles, location of electronic articles using OpenURL technology, and additional current awareness functionality including the exposure of journal issue metadata according to the Open Archives Initiative protocol. These experimental developments will enhance the zetoc service to improve the information environment for researchers and learners.

Algorithme évolutionniste, Evolutionary algorithm, Algoritmo evoluciónista, Classification forme, Pattern classification, Reconnaissance forme, Pattern recognition, Reconocimiento patrón, Reconnaissance optique caractère, Optical character recognition, Reconocimento óptico de caracteres, Reconnaissance écriture, Handwriting recognition, Système apprentissage, Learning systems, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Informatique, automatique theorique, systemes, Computer science, control theory, systems, Intelligence artificielle, Artificial intelligence, Reconnaissance des formes. Traitement numérique des images. Géométrie algorithmique, Pattern recognition. Digital image processing. Computational geometry, Documentation, Electronics, Electronique, Optics, Optique, Physics, Physique, Telecommunications, and Télécommunications

This paper presents a contribution to exploit Learning Classifier Systems using niching for finding the set of prototypes to be used by a Optical Character Recognition system. In particular, we investigate the niching method based on explicit fitness sharing and face the problem of estimating the values of the configuration parameters that allow the system to provide an optimal set of prototypes, i.e. a set of prototypes that represent, for the problem at hand, the best compromise between completeness and consistency. The solution reported in the paper is based on a characterization of the system behavior as a function of the configuration parameters. Such a characterization, derived within the framework set by Learning Classifier System theory, has been used to design an experimental protocol for finding, with a small number of experiments, the desired prototypes. A large set of experiments by using the National Institute of Standards and Technology database has been performed to validate the proposed solution. The experimental findings allow to draw the conclusion that Learning Classifier Systems represent a promising tool to be used for handwritten character recognition.

Analyseur, Parser, Anglais Langue source, Apprentissage, Learning, Arabe Langue cible, Etude expérimentale, Experimental study, Extraction, Français Langue cible, Langue de spécialité, Specialist Language, Lexique, Lexicon, Linguistique informatique, Computational linguistics, Traduction automatique, Mechanical translation, Transfert, Transfer, Prototypage, Sciences du langage, Linguistics, Linguistique appliquée, Applied linguistics, Traduction, Translation, Machine translation, Computer science, Informatique, and Linguistique

This paper reports on an experiment in assembling a domain-specific machine translation prototype system from off-the-shelf components. The design goals of this experiment were to reuse existing components, to use machine-learning techniques for parser specialization and for transfer lexicon extraction, and to use an expressive, lexicalized formalism for the transfer component.

Assistance ordinateur, Computer aid, Asistencia ordenador, Automobile, Motor car, Automóvil, Boucle réaction, Feedback, Retroalimentación, Conception assistée, Computer aided design, Concepción asistida, Epitaxie phase vapeur, VPE, Interface haptique, Haptic interfaces, Interface utilisateur, User interface, Interfase usuario, Prototype, Prototipo, Réalité virtuelle, Virtual reality, Realidad virtual, Sensibilité tactile, Tactile sensitivity, Sensibilidad tactil, Synthèse mécanisme, Mechanism synthesis, Síntesis mecanismo, 0130C, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Generalites, General, Communication, éducation, histoire et philosophie, Communication, education, history, and philosophy, Littérature et publications en physique, Physics literature and publications, Actes de congrès, Conference proceedings, Domaines classiques de la physique (y compris les applications), Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications), Mécanique des solides, Solid mechanics, Mécanique des structures et des milieux continus, Structural and continuum mechanics, Vibration, onde mécanique, stabilité dynamique (aéroélasticité, contrôle vibration...), Vibration, mechanical wave, dynamic stability (aeroelasticity, vibration control...), Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Informatique, automatique theorique, systemes, Computer science, control theory, systems, Logiciel, Software, Systèmes informatiques et systèmes répartis. Interface utilisateur, Computer systems and distributed systems. User interface, Automatique théorique. Systèmes, Control theory. Systems, Robotique, Robotics, Control theory, operational research, Automatique, recherche opérationnelle, Electronics, Electronique, Metrology and instrumentation, Métrologie et instrumentation, Optics, Optique, Telecommunications, and Télécommunications

In determining the quality of a car, switch feeling is one of the important factors. Designing switches is time consuming because the relationships between characteristics of a desired switch and design parameters such as spring stiffness or stroke are not very clear, and furthermore, physical evaluation requires prototypes. A haptic Virtual Prototyping Environment (VPE), in which CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering) and haptic interface work together to display virtual feelings of mechanisms designed by CAD (Computer-Aided Design) will enable designers to feel the motions of the designed switches without prototypes. This paper presents design and quantitative evaluation of a haptic VPE for power window switches. We compared relationship between displacement and static reaction force, and acceleration during clicking motion. The similarity in the force vs stroke curve (FS curve) suggests the overall similarity in the feeling of the whole switch stroke. The acceleration showed some differences, which was felt as somewhat softer clicking effect. The lower frequency of the residual vibration of the haptic device indicates that the equivalent inertia of the haptic device is larger than that of the real switch. Although the overall motion of the switch stroke felt similar, quality of reality needs further refinement. Introduction of acceleration feedback for reducing the equivalent inertia is discussed.

Homme, Man, Locomotion, Locomoción, Mécanisme articulé, Linkage mechanism, Mecanismo articulado, Mécanisme entraînement, Drive mechanism, Mecanismo accionamiento, Mécanisme parallèle, Parallel mechanism, Mecanismo paralelo, Prototype, Prototipo, Roue, Wheels, Réseau porte programmable, Field programmable gate arrays, Système 3 degrés liberté, System with three degrees of freedom, Sistema 3 grados libertad, Système parallèle, Parallel system, Sistema paralelo, 0130C, 4279T, Sciences exactes et technologie, Exact sciences and technology, Physique, Physics, Generalites, General, Communication, éducation, histoire et philosophie, Communication, education, history, and philosophy, Littérature et publications en physique, Physics literature and publications, Actes de congrès, Conference proceedings, Domaines classiques de la physique (y compris les applications), Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications), Optique, Optics, Eléments, dispositifs, et systèmes optiques, Optical elements, devices, and systems, Ordinateurs optiques, éléments logiques, dispositifs d'interconnexion, commutateurs, réseaux neuronaux, Optical computers, logic elements, interconnects, switches, neural networks, Sciences appliquees, Applied sciences, Informatique, automatique theorique, systemes, Computer science, control theory, systems, Automatique théorique. Systèmes, Control theory. Systems, Analyse des systèmes de commande, Control system analysis, Genie mecanique. Construction mecanique, Mechanical engineering. Machine design, Transmissions, Drives, Mécanismes articulés, cames, Linkage mechanisms, cams, Control theory, operational research, Automatique, recherche opérationnelle, Electronics, Electronique, Metrology and instrumentation, Métrologie et instrumentation, Telecommunications, and Télécommunications

A new kind of motion base is proposed for the purpose of setting up a user-friendly interaction system on the desktop. It aims at motion in various situations with a large range of movement using a simple mechanism, and generating motions adequate for an interaction with a man and for computer application. In this paper, a prototype of the motion base is developed. Its mechanism consists of a combination of a wheel drive locomotion mechanism and a 3-degrees of freedom (DOF) parallel link mechanism in parallel. It is aimed at generating 3 DOF translational motion on the desktop with a simple mechanism as a whole and with a large range of movement, especially in the horizontal direction. In consideration of application for man-computer interaction. the prototype is controlled by a microprocessor, a microcontroller and FPGA. This paper presents a description of the concept of the motion base for a desktop interaction system, the prototype mechanism, the control system and the preliminary experiment which demonstrates typical translational motions.