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subtractive rapid prototyping, additive rapid prototyping, rapid prototyping process selection, analytic hierarchy process, multi-criteria decision analysis, Industrial engineering. Management engineering, and T55.4-60.8

The present research addresses a comparative analysis among Additive (ARP) and Subtractive (SRP) rapid prototyping techniques, aiming to determine which approach presents greater technical and economic viability for physical prototype manufacturing. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) multi-criteria decision method was used to categorize and quantify the analysis criteria. The analyzed Rapid Prototyping (RP) techniques were the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling as SRP technique and the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process as ARP. The SRP rapid prototyping technique is the most suitable alternative for manufacturing prototypes, according to the analyzed evaluation criteria.

Autotransplantation, Rapid prototyping, Root canal treatment, Dentistry, and RK1-715

Abstract Background Autotransplantation is a beneficial treatment with a high success rate for young patients. However, most adult patients require root canal treatment (RCT) of the donor teeth after the autotransplantation procedure, which causes a prolonged treatment time and additional expenses and increases the rate of future tooth fracture. Rapid prototyping (RP)-assisted autotransplantation shortens the extra-alveolar time and enables a superior clinical outcome. However, no cohort studies of the application of this method on adult populations have been reported. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort study. All patients underwent autotransplantation from 2012 to 2020 in the Kaohsiung and Chia-Yi branches of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and the procedure and clinical outcomes were analysed. Differences in clinical outcomes, age, sex, extra-alveolar time, fixation method, and RCT rate were compared between the two groups. Results We enrolled 21 patients, 13 treated using the conventional method and 8 treated using the RP-based technique. The RCT rates of the conventional group and RP group were 92.3% and 59%, respectively. The mean age of the two groups was significantly different (28.8 ± 10 vs. 21.6 ± 2.1); after performing subgroup analysis by excluding all of the patients aged > 40 years, we found that the RCT rates were still significantly different (91.0% vs. 50%). The mean extra-alveolar time was 43 s in the RP group, and the autotransplantation survival rate in both groups was 100%. Conclusions Rapid prototyping-assisted autotransplantation was successfully adopted for all patients in our study population. By shortening the extra-alveolar time, only 50% of the patients required a root canal treatment with a 100% autotransplantation survival rate. Trial Registration : Retrospectively registered.

virtual factory, digital twin, virtual prototyping, virtual reality, simulation and modeling, industry 4.0, Information technology, and T58.5-58.64

Shortening lifecycles and increasing complexity make product and production lifecycle processes more challenging than ever for manufacturing enterprises. Virtual Prototyping (VP) technologies promise a viable solution to handle such challenges in reducing time and physical builds as well as increasing quality. In previous studies, the Digital Twin (DT) based Virtual Factory (VF) concept showed significant potential to handle co-evolution by integrating 3D factory and product models with immersive and interactive 3D Virtual Reality (VR) simulation technology as well as real-time bidirectional data synchronisation between virtual and physical production systems. In this article, we present an extension to the paper “Demonstrating and Evaluating the Digital Twin Based Virtual Factory for Virtual Prototyping” presented at CARV2021. The study presents an evaluation by industry experts of the DT based VF concept for VP in the context of New Product Introduction (NPI) processes. The concept is demonstrated in two cases: wind turbine blade manufacturing and nacelle assembly operations at Vestas Wind Systems A/S. The study shows that the VF provides an immersive virtual environment, which allows the users to reduce the time needed for prototyping. The industry experts propose several business cases for the introduced solution and find that the phases that would have the most gain are the later ones (production) where the product design is more mature.

engineering, application, archiving, prototyping, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

National Land Agency received requests for land rights every day. The letters can be submitted through two stages of acceptance and archiving. Still using conventional systems makes data retrieval requires relatively more time. This research aims to design and build an information system data archiving for incoming request at the National Land Agency. The software has been designed with login feature, data management land owners and land owner data search and print feature data. Analysis of system requirements using object-oriented method which uses the use-case diagram in order to illustrate the functionality of the system and some of the criteria of non-functional requirements are also outlined. The next step was the coding implementation and evaluation of the system built. The system development method used was the prototyping method. The selection of this method was intended, therefore the client can get a clear picture of the system being built. Evaluation was conducted in the developer and the user environment. The evaluation in the user environment was done by distributing questionnaires covering three parameters namely the usefulness of the application, ease of use and user satisfaction. The results showed that the information systems built have a useful value (85.7%) and are easy to use (100%), therefore it satisfied the users.

wearable device, exoskeleton, differential mechanism, prototyping, rehabilitation, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Exoskeletons and more in general wearable mechatronic devices represent a promising opportunity for rehabilitation and assistance to people presenting with temporary and/or permanent diseases. However, there are still some limits in the diffusion of robotic technologies for neuro-rehabilitation, notwithstanding their technological developments and evidence of clinical effectiveness. One of the main bottlenecks that constrain the complexity, weight, and costs of exoskeletons is represented by the actuators. This problem is particularly evident in devices designed for the upper limb, and in particular for the hand, in which dimension limits and kinematics complexity are particularly challenging. This study presents the design and prototyping of a hand finger exoskeleton. In particular, we focus on the design of a gear-based differential mechanism aimed at coupling the motion of two adjacent fingers and limiting the complexity and costs of the system. The exoskeleton is able to actuate the flexion/extension motion of the fingers and apply bidirectional forces, that is, it is able to both open and close the fingers. The kinematic structure of the finger actuation system has the peculiarity to present three DoFs when the exoskeleton is not worn and one DoF when it is worn, allowing better adaptability and higher wearability. The design of the gear-based differential is inspired by the mechanism widely used in the automotive field; it allows actuating two fingers with one actuator only, keeping their movements independent.

website e-commerce, metode prototyping, kedai kopi kontekstual, Mathematics, QA1-939, Electronic computers. Computer science, and QA75.5-76.95

Bisnis kedai kopi telah mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Adanya trend nongkrong membuat bisnis kedai kopi meningkatkan pelayanan untuk kepuasan pelanggan. Kualitas pelayanan, produk, dan pengalaman pemasaran memiliki dampak penting dalam memenuhi kepuasan konsumen. Kedai Kopi Kontekstual merupakan kedai kopi yang berlokasi di Banyumas. Kedai Kopi Kontekstual masih dalam proses bertumbuh dan berkembang. Asset yang dimiliki Kedai Kopi Kontekstual cukup besar yaitu kebun kopi, mesin roasting, dan SDM. Melalui asset tersebut pemilik berharap dapat menjangkau pasar nasional. Kondisi pasar yang terbatas membuat Kedai Kopi Kontekstual perlu melakukan upaya jaringan pemasaran yang lebih luas. Sebagai upaya pengembangan pasar Kedai Kopi Kontekstual membutuhkan fasilitasi sistem dalam yang mampu mengakomodasikan penjualan dan sistem transaksi. Metode prototyping merupakan salah satu pendekatan dalam rekayasa perangkat lunak yang mendemonstrasikan bagaimana mengembangkan sistem secara sederhana, memberikan akses kepada pengguna konsep dasar sistem serta pengujian. UML digunakan sebagai rancangan gambaran sistem secara keseluruhan, website berbasis online menggunakan bahasa pemrograman visual studio code, javascript (framework ReactJS), Node Js dan database MySQL. Tujuan dari perancangan website adalah memperluas jangkauan pemasaran, brandawareness, dan meningkatkan pengetahuan calon pelanggan terhadap Kedai Kopi Kontekstual. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berhasil membuat rancangan website yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan Kedai Kopi Kontekstual.

rapid prototyping, additive manufacturing, microfluidic systems, lab-on-a-chip, plant-on-a-chip, and Medicine

To shorten the production time for PDMS-moulds by additive manufacturing (AM) several 3D printers have been investigated in comparison to standard micro-milling by producing benchmark structures. These are evaluated regarding their shape accuracy, the transparency of the casted PDMS which is linked to the surface quality of the mould, and the production time until the moulds are ready to use. Even though the additively manufactured moulds showed significantly better surface quality and shorter production time, the necessary shape accuracy for non-square-structures or structures with < 250 μm edge length could not be achieved due to limiting factors like nozzle diameter, size of the digital micromirror device or spot size of the LCD-panel.

Solar still, Distillation, Prototyping, Freshwater, and Technology

Floating solar still is a suitable technology for remote or rural coastal area applications. The device should be made of low-cost materials available locally to provide more access to the broader community. However, the low-cost materials usually do not have the best physical properties, decreasing the overall solar still performance. This work demonstrated a low-cost floating solar still prototype entirely made of locally available materials. To further understand the influence of different parameters on the solar still performance and guide the prototyping process, we also performed the system's heat and mass transfer analysis. Our experimental results indicate a high absorber temperature (59.5 °C), even on a cloudy day. Our model also fits the temperature measurement reasonably. However, the recorded overall efficiency still suffers mainly due to the collection system, which decreases the overall performance; an example of a practical challenge, which is often overlooked but plays a crucial role in increasing the readiness level of the prototype.

3d printing, multilayer printed circuit boards, prototyping, ldm, additive technology, 3d printer electronics, nano inks, Information theory, and Q350-390

A new direction in 3D printing was investigated – prototyping of single-sided, double-sided and multilayer printed circuit boards. The current capabilities and limitations of 3D printed circuit board printing technology were identified. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of two desktop 3D printers presented in the industry for prototyping radio electronics, as well as the first professional machine DragonFly LDM 2020, which is a mini-factory for prototyping multilayer printed circuit boards, was carried out. The first practical experience of working and printing on DragonFly LDM 2020 supplied to the megalaboratory “3D prototyping and control of multilayer printed circuit boards” of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Telecommunication Systems MIREA – Russian Technological University is presented. The first samples of electronic boards printed on a 3D printer by the method of inkjet printing were obtained. An additive technology for the production of multilayer printed circuit boards is considered: printing with two printheads with conductive and dielectric nano-ink with two curing systems: an infrared sintering system for conductive ink and a UV curing system for dielectric ink. The LDM (Dragonfly Lights-out Digital Manufacturing) production method with the necessary maintenance is presented. The method allows the system to work roundthe-clock with minimal human intervention, significantly increasing the productivity of 3D printing and expanding the possibilities of prototyping. The materials used for 3D printing of multilayer printed circuit boards and their characteristics were investigated: dielectric acrylate nano-ink (Dielectric Ink 1092 – Dielectric UV Curable Acrylates Ink), conducting ink with silver nanoparticles (AgCite™ 90072 Silver Nanoparticle Conductive Ink). The research carried out allows us to compare the technological standards of printed electronics with traditional methods of manufacturing multilayer printed circuit boards for a number of parameters.

virtual prototyping, products design, virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, Fine Arts, Architecture, and NA1-9428

At present, speed is a key factor in the design and development of industrial products, And In the light of modern technology, computer-based prototyping techniques have emerged in so-called advanced rapid prototyping as a solution to the modeling activity associated with design processes. But these technologies have disadvantages, such as the high cost of the models and the long time it takes for these models to be completed, The subject of the research came to the virtual prototyping as a modern technology through which the models associated with the design activity of industrial products, These models provide the speed required in light of the continuous evolution and changing requirements of the market, and also provide a low-cost solution suitable for adoption by major companies or small and medium-sized enterprises alike. The importance of these virtual models is evident when it comes to communicating as much information about design as possible with the simplest way and the lowest costs, Through these models can include everything related to the product of work theories and engineering drawings and three-dimensional models with physical properties that mimic the final product, Within the same application and this information induced by one of the images prepared on the computer programs, and thus we can share these models over the Internet and work on them remotely, which in turn contributes to shorten the time of the design process. The importance of research is to shed light on the role of virtual prototyping as one of the basic elements in the process of design and development of industrial products, as the research aims to activate the role of virtual modeling in the process of product design and development and to include them in the design process as one of the basic stages' because of its usefulness, The hypothesis is that if virtual prototyping techniques and new technologies can be utilized in the process of designing industrial products in a creative manner, this ensures that the cost of model design and testing processes is reduced, as well as the opportunity to develop products periodically without incurring many expenses related to the production of physical models. The deductive approach was used to achieve this.