articles+ search results

DNA-encoded chemistry (DEL), photochemistry, flow photoreactor concept, batch to flow, rapid prototyping, photoredox reaction, Chemistry, and QD1-999

The transfer from batch to flow chemistry is often based on commercial microfluidic equipment, such as costly complete reactor systems, which cannot be easily tailored to specific requirements of technologies such as DNA-encoded library technology (DELT), in particular for increasingly important photochemical reactions. Customized photoreactor concepts using rapid prototyping technology offer a modular, flexible, and affordable design that allows for adaptation to various applications. In order to validate the prototype reactors, a photochemical pinacol coupling reaction at 368 nm was conducted to demonstrate the transfer from batch to flow chemistry. The conversion rates were optimized by adapting the design parameters of the microfluidic flow photoreactor module. Subsequently, the photoreactor module has been extended to an application with DNA-tagged substrates by switching to LEDs with a wavelength of 454 nm. The successful recovery of DNA confirmed the feasibility of the modular-designed flow photo reactor. This collaborative approach holds enormous potential to drive the development of DELT and flow equipment design.

Interactive systems, rapid prototyping, interaction design, physical product design, design tools, design cycle, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, and TK1-9971

Designing interactive prototypes involves multiple tools and skills. In addition, several design cycles are required to iterate through idea generation, evaluation of design alternatives, and development. Consequently, prototyping tools should offer flexibility and adaptability to allow designers to quickly test and evaluate different ideas, design alternatives, materials, interactions, etc. To meet these requirements, we designed Protobject – a rapid prototyping tool aimed at making the early stages of prototyping interactive products more flexible. Protobject allows designers to reinvent and reuse existing objects for prototyping purposes by making them interactive. After introducing the features of Protobject and discussing the differences with similar tools, we present a user evaluation through two workshop sessions held in Milan during Brera Design Days and attended by 22 people. The results suggest that Protobject facilitates cooperation between people with different skills by allowing them to envision interactive prototypes together.

Robustness optimization design, Rapid prototyping, Functional artifacts, Fuzzy decision-making, Infrared thermographs, Visualized computing digital twins, Drawing. Design. Illustration, NC1-1940, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Computer software, and QA76.75-76.765

Abstract This study presents a robustness optimization method for rapid prototyping (RP) of functional artifacts based on visualized computing digital twins (VCDT). A generalized multiobjective robustness optimization model for RP of scheme design prototype was first built, where thermal, structural, and multidisciplinary knowledge could be integrated for visualization. To implement visualized computing, the membership function of fuzzy decision-making was optimized using a genetic algorithm. Transient thermodynamic, structural statics, and flow field analyses were conducted, especially for glass fiber composite materials, which have the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance, temperature resistance, dimensional stability, and electrical insulation. An electrothermal experiment was performed by measuring the temperature and changes in temperature during RP. Infrared thermographs were obtained using thermal field measurements to determine the temperature distribution. A numerical analysis of a lightweight ribbed ergonomic artifact is presented to illustrate the VCDT. Moreover, manufacturability was verified based on a thermal-solid coupled finite element analysis. The physical experiment and practice proved that the proposed VCDT provided a robust design paradigm for a layered RP between the steady balance of electrothermal regulation and manufacturing efficacy under hybrid uncertainties.

3dtechnology, pattern, prototyping, garment factories, virtual simulation), Fine Arts, Architecture, and NA1-9428

3D technology is considered one of the Pattern digital technologies that help this technology to increase, ease and speed of completion of industrial processes. This study deals with how to take advantage of 3D technology in developing the performance of the samples department in the technical department of ready-to-wear factories, in order to solve the problems of the samples section associated with the implementation of the 2D Pattern, as this problem was concluded through field study and practical experiences in ready-to-wear factories in Egypt.Controlling the fitting Pattern of clothes in the samples section faces many difficulties, the most important of which is the incompatibility of the industrial Pattern drawn with the human body “Pattern ". Where defects appeared in the product after conducting and implementing the first sample, which required making adjustments to the industrial Pattern and re-executing the sample a second time until it became free from defects and ready to perform the grading according to the measurements and the "order" of the operation order required to be executed to start production processes, which results in it. In the presence of lost time to implement the sample, as well as wasted effort, and wastes in the raw materials used in the implementation of the sample (fabric/ accessories / threads / and direct and indirect costs) that will be quantified after that.In order to find a solution to this problem, this research presents a case study using the "CLO5.1" program to improve the industrial Pattern in order to improve the quality of the male industrial Pattern drawing using 3D technology by making adjustments to some areas where the stress and stress ratios are high due to the lack of nan fitting of the Pattern. Industrial, which does not appear clearly even during implementation. The study concluded that the implementation of the CLO5.1 program in the sample section has succeeded in reducing the time wastage for sample production and the wastage of raw materials, thus reducing the cost of sample productionKey words :( 3Dtechnology ، pattern، Prototyping ، Garment Factories ،virtual simulation)

Infectious disease modelling, Decision making, Infectious and parasitic diseases, and RC109-216

Abstract Early case detection is critical to preventing onward transmission of COVID-19 by enabling prompt isolation of index infections, and identification and quarantining of contacts. Timeliness and completeness of ascertainment depend on the surveillance strategy employed. This paper presents modelling used to inform workplace testing strategies for the Australian government in early 2021. We use rapid prototype modelling to quickly investigate the effectiveness of testing strategies to aid decision making. Models are developed with a focus on providing relevant results to policy makers, and these models are continually updated and improved as new questions are posed. Developed to support the implementation of testing strategies in high risk workplace settings in Australia, our modelling explores the effects of test frequency and sensitivity on outbreak detection. We start with an exponential growth model, which demonstrates how outbreak detection changes depending on growth rate, test frequency and sensitivity. From the exponential model, we learn that low sensitivity tests can produce high probabilities of detection when testing occurs frequently. We then develop a more complex Agent Based Model, which was used to test the robustness of the results from the exponential model, and extend it to include intermittent workplace scheduling. These models help our fundamental understanding of disease detectability through routine surveillance in workplaces and evaluate the impact of testing strategies and workplace characteristics on the effectiveness of surveillance. This analysis highlights the risks of particular work patterns while also identifying key testing strategies to best improve outbreak detection in high risk workplaces.

carbon capture, CO2 adsorption, high‐throughput screening, MOFs, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Environmental engineering, and TA170-171

Abstract Adsorption‐based carbon capture has been recognized as an attractive method for mitigating global warming. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising candidate adsorbents for this purpose due to their high adsorption uptake and selectivity for carbon dioxide. However, in real‐world applications, such as direct air capture, the presence of moisture in the feed gas may pose a grand challenge for CO2 adsorption in MOFs. This paper aims to address the issue of water–CO2 co‐adsorption in MOFs and present screening criteria for selecting MOFs that preferentially adsorb CO2 under humid conditions. First, we uncover a comprehensive overview of CO2–water co‐adsorption characteristics of various MOFs. Then, the high‐throughput screening methods are summarized. Both computational and experimental efforts have been dedicated to identify the promising MOFs for humid CO2 capture. According to the screening results and adsorption mechanism, the optimal preparation strategies are proposed to modulate the effect of water on CO2 uptake in MOFs. Finally, current MOF‐based CO2 capture prototypes are presented to evaluate their practical feasibility and performance. This work could offer valuable guidance for the development and application of MOFs for CO2 capture in the presence of water and inspire further research in this field.

Next generation aeronautical communications system, L-band digital aeronautical communications system (LDACS), international civil aviation organization (ICAO), european organisation for civil aviation equipment (EUROCAE), international standardization and validation, rapid prototyping, Telecommunication, TK5101-6720, Transportation and communications, and HE1-9990

The L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS) is a cellular-based broadband, secure digital aeronautical communications system designed to enhance the safety and efficiency of air traffic management (ATM) through the facilitation of innovative ATM paradigms, such as 4D trajectory-based operations (TBO). LDACS is in its final stages of standardization by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE). Furthermore, it has been introduced to not only the aviation industry but also the Internet community in the form of an informational Request For Comments (RFC). Rapidly creating prototypes of an international communications standard by multiple organizations is crucial to the effective deployment of that standard. This approach enables validation and interoperability testing across various countries’ prototypes. Therefore, first, we create an LDACS prototype through a software/hardware co-design strategy by Software Defined Radio (SDR) and High-Level Synthesis (HLS). This approach expedites and economically streamlines the development process. Second, we show the alignment of our prototype with the LDACS specification through preliminary and cell entry tests. Third, we demonstrate the efficacy of LDACS’ Quality of Service (QoS) and security features via end-to-end IPv6 connectivity and security tests. Finally, the soundness and clarity of the LDACS specification is evidenced via interoperability tests between our prototype and a European counterpart.

method of mathematical prototyping of energy processes, integration of differential equations, machine learning, Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics, and TL1-4050

Background. Solving the problem of choosing the optimal parameters, as well as diagnosing and predicting the technical condition of aircraft equipment components, necessitates the construction of a model of this components. At the input of the models, the measured characteristics are fed, and the controlled characteristics are obtained at the output. The authors proposed a method of mathematical prototyping of energy processes, allowing to build adequate mathematical models (which do not contradict the general physical laws) of the dynamics of physical and chemical processes of various nature. Then these equations are converted to models that are directly used to solve the mentioned practical problems. To simplify calculations, it is necessary to correctly set the analytical approximation of solutions to differential equations of the method of mathematical prototyping of energy processes. This determines the urgency of the mentioned problem. Matherials and methods. In the case of using special methods for solving a system of differential equations, it is necessary to specify an approximate analytical expression for the solution (general or particular) of the system being solved, the coefficients of which are determined from the system of equations being solved. The analytical approximation of the solution of systems of differential equations of the method of mathematical prototyping of energy processes is based on the concept of the system tending to some stationary state, which changes as a result of feedback. Results. The proposed method for setting the analytical approximation of solutions to the equations of the method of mathematical prototyping of energy processes makes it possible to set a class of correct mathematical models (which do not contradict the general physical laws, as well as the features of the flow of physical and chemical processes in a particular system under consideration) of various components of aviation equipment. In such a class, models are built (methods of identification theory, machine learning, etc.) with the lowest computational costs. Conclusions. Qualitative analysis of the equations of the method of mathematical prototyping of energy processes makes it possible to specify the most narrowed class of mathematical models, in which an adequate mathematical model of the required accuracy of an arbitrary system is built with the lowest computational costs.

Power electronics, Inverters, Rapid control prototyping, Experimental setups, Science (General), and Q1-390

A flexible power electronic converter embedding a rapid control prototyping platform suitable to be applied in research test setups and teaching laboratories is proposed and described in this paper. The electronic system is composed of three subsystems, namely, i) three half-bridge power boards, ii) a dc-link capacitor bank with a half-bridge power module for active dc-link control, iii) an interfacing board, called motherboard, to couple the power modules with a control unit, iv) a digital control unit with rapid control prototyping functionalities for controlling power electronic circuits. Power modules integrate sensors with related conditioning circuits, driving circuits for power switches, and protection circuits. Conversion circuits exploit GaN electronic switches for optimal performance. The architecture and implementation of the system are described in detail in this manuscript. Main applications are in the implementation of conversion circuits for supplying arbitrary ac or dc voltages or currents, testing of new control algorithms for power electronic converters, testing of systems of electronic converters in, for example, smart nanogrids or renewable energy applications, training of undergraduate and graduate students.

sistem informasi geografi, metode prototyping, android apps, wisata alam, lombok, Information technology, and T58.5-58.64

Pulau Lombok merupakan salah satu tujuan wisata dimana pada tahun 2016meraih penghargaan World’s Best Halal Tourism Destination dalam ajang The World Halal Travel Summit & Exhibition. Selain itu, pada tahun 2019 Lombok juga mendapatkan gelar sebagai “Destinasi Wisata Halal” terbaik di Indonesia oleh Indonesia Muslim Travel Index (IMTI). Berdasarkan survei yang telah dilakukan oleh penulis, kendala dari pihak Dinas Pariwisata NTB yaitu masih belum adanya aplikasi terkait dengan wisata alam di pulau Lombok. Narasumber dari pihak Dinas Pariwisata NTB membutuhkan sebuah sistem yang dapat menginformasikan terkait dengan wisata alam di pulau Lombok untuk mempermudah wisatawan dalam mencari lokasi wisata yang diinginkan. Berdasarkan hasil survey terhadap 47 responden didapatkan hasil 88,2% mengenal pulau Lombok karena wisata alamnya, dan 70.2% responden sering menggunakan aplikasi google maps untuk mencari lokasi yang diinginkan dan 100% responden setuju dengan dibuatnya aplikasi ini. Maka dalam penelitian ini akan dibuat suatu Sistem Informasi Geografis untuk Pemetaan Lokasi Wisata Alam Dengan Menggunakan Metode Prototyping Berbasis Mobile. Aplikasi dapat mencari dan menemukan lokasi wisata alam dengan mudah, sertadapat mengetahui sebuah kabupaten dan kecamatan memiliki berapa banyak destinasi wisataalamnya. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah prototyping. Aplikasi ini dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Kotlin, serta framework CodeIgniter sebagai pengaksesan API yang memanggil query pada database.Sedangkan metode pengujiannya adalah Black Box, dan Mean Opinion Score (MOS).

Science

Abstract Microfluidic devices have found extensive applications in mechanical, biomedical, chemical, and materials research. However, the high initial cost, low resolution, inferior feature fidelity, poor repeatability, rough surface finish, and long turn-around time of traditional prototyping methods limit their wider adoption. In this study, a strategic approach to a deterministic fabrication process based on in-situ image analysis and intermittent flow control called image-guided in-situ maskless lithography (IGIs-ML), has been proposed to overcome these challenges. By using dynamic image analysis and integrated flow control, IGIs-ML provides superior repeatability and fidelity of densely packed features across a large area and multiple devices. This general and robust approach enables the fabrication of a wide variety of microfluidic devices and resolves critical proximity effect and size limitations in rapid prototyping. The affordability and reliability of IGIs-ML make it a powerful tool for exploring the design space beyond the capabilities of traditional rapid prototyping.

digital materials, metamaterials, metasurfaces, rapid prototyping, additive manufacturing, two-photon polymerisation, Science, Manufactures, and TS1-2301

Metamaterials are engineered materials conceived and designed to achieve very special or even unique physical properties, which depend on the designed micro or nanostructures, more than on the chemical composition of the raw materials employed for their fabrication. Normally metamaterials are made of periodic repetitions of unit cells or Boolean combinations of lattices or porous building blocks. Metasurfaces are the quasi-two-dimensional version of metamaterials and are generally applied to controlling electromagnetic and acoustic waves reaching them. Metamaterials are mainly created through high-precision additive manufacturing technologies, while metasurfaces are normally obtained using micromanufacturing techniques from the electronics industry and laser patterning methods. Consequently, the potential benefits and industrial applications of multi-scale or hierarchical metastructures, which could be obtained by merging metamaterials and metasurfaces, remain unexplored. Through the innovative combination of 3D CAD modelling resources and specific tools for computational mapping of topographical 2D images this study validates the possibility of texturing the building blocks and unit cells of metamaterials, hence reaching designs with interwoven metamaterials and metasurfaces. These microtextured lattices are additively manufactured, using two-photon polymerisation, to demonstrate the feasibility of bridging the gap between metamaterials and metasurfaces and analyse current challenges and potential applications of these digital materials.

Technology, Information technology, and T58.5-58.64

The property business is always in great demand and is discussed by every class of society, that's what makes all business people vying to improve their property business, one of which is by utilizing technology so that it can make it easier for businesses to develop where companies can use technology as a tool. when making a property reservation. In this research, a website-based information system was created that helps Adiland Property Company in improving services in its business. The system created consists of a property booking system and mortgage data processing. The existence of a mortgage data processing system can make it easier for companies to manage mortgage data by customers in an integrated manner, besides that with an online ordering system it can also make it easier for customers to make orders where there are several choices of online payment methods. In making the system, the software development method was used using the requirements prototyping method, while testing this application, two methods have been used, namely blackbox testing. In blackbox testing, testing is carried out by trying all the existing inputs on the system whether they are as expected by giving a questionnaire to each existing user, namely the customer, property agent admin, in-house mortgage manager. The results obtained are a website that can be used by Adiland Property to reach a wider market and ease in making property purchase transactions.

Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), and TA1-2040

Abstract In this work, we introduce a polymer version of a previously developed silicon MEMS drop deposition tool for surface functionalization that consists of a microcantilever integrating an open fluidic channel and a reservoir. The device is fabricated by laser stereolithography, which offers the advantages of low-cost and fast prototyping. Additionally, thanks to the ability to process multiple materials, a magnetic base is incorporated into the cantilever for convenient handling and attachment to the holder of a robotized stage used for spotting. Droplets with diameters ranging from ∼50 µm to ∼300 µm are printed upon direct contact of the cantilever tip with the surface to pattern. Liquid loading is achieved by fully immersing the cantilever into a reservoir drop, where a single load results in the deposition of more than 200 droplets. The influences of the size and shape of the cantilever tip and the reservoir on the printing outcome are studied. As a proof-of-concept of the biofunctionalization capability of this 3D printed droplet dispenser, microarrays of oligonucleotides and antibodies displaying high specificity and no cross-contamination are fabricated, and droplets are deposited at the tip of an optical fiber bundle.

prototyping, knowledge, knowledge dimensions, prototyping methods, product development process, Drawing. Design. Illustration, NC1-1940, Engineering design, and TA174

Prototyping is a knowledge generation activity facilitating improved understanding of problem and solution spaces. This knowledge can be generated across a range of dimensions, termed knowledge dimensions (KDs), via a range of methods and media, each with their own inherent properties. This article investigates and characterises the relationships between prototypes and knowledge generated from prototyping activities during the design process, by establishing how different methods and media contribute across KDs. In so doing, it provides insights into prototyping activity, as well as affording a means by which prototyping knowledge generation may be studied in detail. The investigation considers sets of prototypes from eight parallel 16-week design projects, with subsequent investigation of the knowledge contributions that each prototype provides and at what stage of the design process. Results showed statistical significance supporting three inferences: i) teams undertaking the same design brief create similar knowledge profiles; ii) prototyping fidelity impacts KD contribution and iii) KDs align with the different phases of the project. This article demonstrates a means to describe and potentially prescribe knowledge generation activities through prototyping. Correspondingly, the article contends that consideration of KDs offers potential to improve aspects of the design process through better prototyping method selection and sequencing.

IoT, rapid prototyping, education, LoRa, LoRaWAN, Arduinoblocks, Chemical technology, and TP1-1185

LoRa technology has gained popularity as one of the most widely used standards for device interconnection due to its ability to cover long distances and energy efficiency, making it a suitable choice for various Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring and control applications. In this sense, this work presents the development of a visual support tool for creating IoT devices with LoRa and LoRaWAN connectivity. This work significantly advances the state of the art in LoRa technology by introducing a novel visual support tool tailored for creating IoT devices with LoRa and LoRaWAN connectivity. By simplifying the development process and offering compatibility with multiple hardware solutions, this research not only facilitates the integration of LoRaWAN technology within educational settings but also paves the way for rapid prototyping of IoT nodes. The incorporation of block programming for LoRa and LoRaWAN using the Arduinoblocks framework as a graphical environment enhances the capabilities of the tool, positioning it as a comprehensive solution for efficient firmware generation. In addition to the visual tool for firmware generation, multiple compatible hardware solutions enable easy, economical, and stable development, offering a comprehensive hardware and software solution. The hardware proposal is based on an ESP32 microcontroller, known for its power and low cost, in conjunction with an RFM9x module that is based on SX127x LoRa transceivers. Finally, three successfully tested use cases and a discussion are presented.

Chemistry and QD1-999

augmented smart insoles, gait monitoring, foot health, rehabilitation, and Medicine

The augmentation of smart insoles gained increased interest due to the possibilities in foot-related rehabilitation, medical treatment, and postural risk prevention. As shown by previous work, the technology offers a personalized solution for individual foot morphology and biomechanics, which can monitor the health status and healing process. However, the success of this mobile technology depends on its usability and acceptance by healthcare professionals and patients. Therefore, an exploratory qualitative user study was conducted to investigate the preferences of healthcare professionals and patients regarding augmented smart insoles (ASI) usage. In focus groups, experts and patients explored their needs and suggested potential design solutions. The thematic analysis of the participants’ feedback revealed useful information regarding user interface (UI) designs for the development of a mobile application supporting smart insoles. We found that patients and experts share similar data preferences for a mobile application supporting ASI and that both user groups desired the presence of complete pressure point monitoring, active feedback for posture correction, and personalized training videos for postural risk prevention. However, healthcare professionals expressed concerns regarding the lack of scientific evidence validating the effectiveness of this technology and suggested further research.

Wireless automatic weather station, Low-cost weather instrumentation, Natural disaster monitoring, Intelligent sensor calibration, Internet of things, Information technology, and T58.5-58.64

Weather events put human lives at risk mostly when people might occupy areas susceptible to natural disasters. Deploying Professional Weather Stations (PWS) in vulnerable areas is key for monitoring weather with reliable measurements. However, such professional instrumentation is notably expensive while remote sensing from a number of stations is paramount. This imposes challenges on the large-scale weather station deployment for broad monitoring from large observation networks such as in Cemaden—The Brazilian National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters. In this context, in this paper, we propose a Low-Cost Automatic Weather Station (LCAWS) system developed from Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) and open-source Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, which provides measurements as reliable as a reference PWS for natural disaster monitoring. When being automatic, LCAWS is a stand-alone photovoltaic system connected wirelessly to the Internet in order to provide real-time reliable end-to-end weather measurements. To achieve data reliability, we propose an intelligent sensor calibration method to correct measures. From a 30-day uninterrupted observation with sampling in minute resolution, we show that the calibrated LCAWS sensors have no statistically significant differences from the PWS measurements. As such, LCAWS has opened opportunities for reducing maintenance costs in Cemaden's observational network.

Draping, Finite element modeling, Wind turbine blades, Laminated composites, Glass fiber fabric, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), and H1-99

The layup process of large composite structures made from dry reinforcement fabrics is considered. One such structure is a wind turbine blade, for which the current draping process is mostly manual. Automating the draping process will, therefore, lower the costs. Based on a literature review, a new concept is synthesized and analyzed using an advanced finite element model with rigid multi-body kinematics and a dedicated material model for the fabric. The material model is calibrated using experimental coupon tests, i.e. the bias-extension test (shear) and Peirce's cantilever test (out-of-plane bending). The concept is analyzed numerically by means of a simple parameter study and draping test cases on a flat mold as well as a general double-curved mold. The simulation results show that the concept is feasible for the draping operation and is thus qualified for the subsequent physical prototyping.