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1. Book Review: Art. [1978]

  • Hausman, Patricia R., Sisson, Jacqueline D., DeCandido, GraceAnne A., Bond, Randall I., Huemer, Christina, Kaplan, Robin, Pollard, Elizabeth B., Miller, Marjorie, von Khrum, Paul, and Reister, Willa
  • Library Journal. 6/1/1978, Vol. 103 Issue 11, p1162. 3p.

2. Effect of dietary cholesterol on plasma cholesterol concentration in subjects following reduced fat, high fibre diet. [1987]

  • Edington, Jacqueline, Geekie, Moira, Carter, Robin, Benfield, Lisa, Fisher, Karen, Ball, Madeleine, and Mann, Jim
  • British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition). 2/7/1987, Vol. 294 Issue 6568, p333-336. 4p. 1 Diagram, 4 Charts.
Subjects
LOW-fat diet and BLOOD cholesterol
Abstract
Examines the effect of dietary cholesterol on plasma cholesterol concentration in subjects following low fat diet in Great Britain. Ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids; Comparison of the cholesterol concentration among subjects; Importance of dietary cholesterol for the reduction of saturated fats.

3. Excavation and Survey at Watchfield, Oxfordshire, 1983-92. [1992]

  • Scull, Christopher, Ager, Barry, Bourn, Robert, Cameron, Esther, Clogg, P. W., Creighton, John, Edwards, Glynis, Gelling, Margaret, Gilmour, Brian, Harman, Mary, Henry, Pippa, Holgate, Robin, Huntley, Jacqueline P., Johnson, Paul, Linford, Neil, Marlow, C. A., Mortimer, Catherine, Mudd, Andrew, Odenstedt, Bengt, and Page, R. I.
  • Archaeological Journal. 1992, Vol. 149, p124-281. 158p. 13 Black and White Photographs, 66 Diagrams, 12 Charts, 2 Graphs, 2 Maps.
Subjects
ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations, ARCHAEOLOGICAL surveying, ARCHAEOLOGY, INTERMENT, and IRON Age
Abstract
Geophysical survey and excavation have demonstrated that iron age settlement features and early Anglo-Saxon burials discovered during road construction in 1983 were part o[ an extensive multi-period site, now a Scheduled Ancient Monument. This paper presents the results of the archaeological investigations. The bulk of the report is concerned with the early Anglo-Saxon burials, which included a grave containing a balance, weights and runic inscription. The evidence for late mesolithic, neolithic -- early bronze age, iron age and post-medieval activity is also discussed, and the site is considered in its regional and wider context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

4. On winning friends and influencing people: action identification and self-presentation success [1992]

  • Vallacher, Robin R., Wegner, Daniel M., McMahan, Susan C., Cotter, Jacqueline, and Larsen, Kathleen A.
  • Social Cognition. Fall, 1992, Vol. 10 Issue 3, p335, 21 p. graph
Subjects
Self-presentation -- Research, Identification (Psychology) -- Research, and Social psychology -- Research
Abstract
Eighty undergraduate students were asked to describe themselves using high-level or low-level terms of action identification theory and self-presentation. The subjects were told that they were trying to impress an easily-impressionable person or a difficult-to-impress person. Ratings made by the subjects and observers showed that low-level terms of action identificationtheory and self-presentation such as smiling when appropriate, were more effective in terms of getting positive first impressions.

5. Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: collaborative analysis of seven U.S. case-control studies. Epithelial ovarian cancer in black women [1993]

  • John, Esther M., Whittemore, Alice S., Harris, Robin, and Itnyre, Jacqueline
  • Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Jan 20, 1993, Vol. 85 Issue 2, p142, 6 p.
Subjects
Risk factors, Health aspects, Research, Ovarian cancer -- Risk factors, African American women -- Health aspects, Oral contraceptives -- Health aspects, Breast feeding -- Health aspects, and Disease susceptibility -- Research
Abstract
Background: Previous epidemiologic studies of ovarian cancer have focused chiefly on White women, who have a higher incidence of ovarian cancer than Black women. No study has previously examined risk factors for ovarian cancer among Black women. Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in Black women in relation to reproductive characteristics such as pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, and breast-feeding, and to determine whether differences in reproductive factors between Black and White women account for differences in ovarian cancer incidence. Methods: Combining interview data from seven case-control studies, we compared reproductive characteristics of 110 Black case subjects with a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer between 1971 and 1986 with characteristics of 251 Black population control subjects and 114 Black hospital control subjects. We also compared the prevalence of reproductive factors in 246 Black population control subjects and 4378 White population control subjects and estimated the fraction of Black-White differences in ovarian cancer incidence attributable to racial differences in prevalence of these characteristics. Results: Decreased risks of epithelial ovarian cancer in Black women were associated with parity of four or higher (odds ratio [OR] = 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.25-1.1), breast-feeding for 6 months or longer (OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.36-2.0), and use of oral contraceptives for 6 years or longer (OR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.24-1.6). A greater proportion of Black women (48%) than White women (27%) reported four or more term pregnancies, and Black women (62%) were more likely than White women (53%) to have breast-fed their children. Oral contraceptive use was more common among White women (59%) than Black women (51%). Conclusion: Differences in the prevalence of other factors related to ovarian cancer risk or differences in genetic susceptibility must explain most of the Black-White differences in incidence of ovarian cancer. [J Natl Cancer Inst 85:142-147, 1993]

6. Public health interests in trade agreements on alcoholic beverages in North America [1993]

  • Ferris, Jacqueline, Room, Robin, and Giesbrecht, Norman
  • Alcohol Health & Research World. Summer 1993, Vol. 17 Issue 3, p235, 7 p.
Subjects
International trade, Laws, regulations and rules, Alcoholic beverage industry -- International trade, International trade regulation, and International trade -- Laws, regulations and rules
Abstract
Public health often conflicts with economic benefit in trade agreements covering alcoholic beverages. In North America, states and provinces tend to bear the brunt of costs. Several alcohol trade and marketing agreements are discussed.

7. New barriers to ventricular invasion in paraglottic laryngeal cancer [1994]

  • Beitler, Jonathan J., Mahadevia, Panna S., Silver, Carl E., Wadler, Scott, Rubin, John S., Bello, Jacqueline A., Mitnick, Robin J., and Vikram, Bhadrasain
  • Cancer. May 15, 1994, Vol. 73 Issue 10, p2648, 5 p.
Subjects
Physiological aspects, Development and progression, Cancer invasiveness -- Physiological aspects, and Laryngeal cancer -- Development and progression
Abstract
Background. Anatomic barriers to the spread of laryngeal cancer include the conus elasticus, the quadrangular membrane, and the thyroid cartilage. It has been speculated that an elastic barrier surrounds and protects the ventricle. Methods. The authors studied the microanatomic patterns of spread of 17 cases of patients who had laryngeal cancer with paraglottic disease and confirmed their findings by examining normal autopsy specimens. Results. Five patients of the seventeen cases showed no ventricular mucosal involvement despite extensive paraglottic disease. Both an inner, central, subepithelial periventricular elastic barrier, and a more peripheral periventricular elastic membrane barrier were identified; the latter was in continuity with the conus elasticus and quadrangular membrane. Conclusions. Two weak fibroelastic barriers surround the ventricle. The outer, peripheral, fibroelastic membrane is contiguous with the conus elasticus and the quadrangular membrane. Therefore, ventricular involvement is not a sensitive indicator of paraglottic spread. Squamous cell cancer may grow around the periventricular barriers to involve both the true and false cords but may spare the ventricle. The prognostic significance of the violation or preservation of the periventricular elastic barriers is unknown.

8. The Meaning of Illness Questionnaire: further evidence for its reliability and validity. [1994]

  • Weir R, Browne G, Roberts J, Tunks E, and Gafni A
  • Pain [Pain] 1994 Sep; Vol. 58 (3), pp. 377-386.
Subjects
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Chronic Disease, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Regression Analysis, Social Support, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Life Change Events, Pain psychology, and Quality of Life
Abstract
Cognitive appraisal processes or the meaning a person gives a stressful event are believed to mediate an individual's reaction to an event and, as such, have been demonstrated to explain adjustment to illness. The purpose of this paper is to test this cognitive as well as other social and illness variables to explain the variance in a person's adjustment to chronic pain. Two hundred and twenty-two patients, who were randomly selected from an original sample of referrals to a chronic pain specialty clinic, completed a questionnaire by telephone interview or mail. The questionnaire consisted of psychosocial scales (PAIS-SR; Social Support) and cognitions including the Meaning of Illness Questionnaire (MIQ). Fifty-six percent of the sample had poor psychosocial adjustment to their pain problem. Seventy percent of the variance in adjustment was explained by social and cognitive variables which corroborates their importance. The MIQ 5-factor structure was supported and provides credible evidence of the role of cognitions in differentiating between the poor and well adjusted.

9. Developmental expression of the sea urchin egg receptor for sperm [1994]

  • Ohlendieck, Kay, Partin, Jacqueline S., Stears, Robin L., and Lennarz, William J.
  • Developmental Biology. Sept, 1994, Vol. 165 Issue 1, p53, 10 p. photograph
Subjects
Sea urchins -- Eggs and Spermatozoa -- Analysis
Abstract
Western and Northern blot analyses and immunocytochemistry of the sea urchin egg receptor for sperm to study the receptor expression during oogenesis indicate that in the last two developmental phases of oogenesis the receptor mRNA level exhibits a very high increase despite the absence of receptor glycoprotein or receptor mRNA in the early oocytes. The development of receptor occurs in association with the spatial and temporal formation of cortical granules. Development of the receptor in the late stages and its localization to the cell surface and cortical granules indicates that the receptor mediates attachment of sperm to the surface of the mature egg cell.

10. The risk of harm to oneself from drinking, Canada 1989. [1995]

  • Room, Robin, Bondy, Susan J., and Ferris, Jacqueline
  • Addiction. Apr1995, Vol. 90 Issue 4, p499-513. 16p. 4 Charts, 5 Graphs.
Subjects
ALCOHOL drinking
Abstract
In a national sample of 11 634 Canadians aged 15 years and above, risk curves for harm to six life-areas from one's own drinking and for assault by another drinker rose steadily with the respondent's volume of alcohol consumption. While drinking five or more drinks on an occasion at least once a month substantially raised the risk at a given volume of drinking, the risk rose with volume even among those not regularly drinking five or more drinks. These relationships remained in logistic regressions which controlled for gender, age and educational level. Younger respondents, those without higher education and men reported more harm for a given level of their own drinking although differences by gender disappeared above one-third of one drink per day. Three sets of guidelines for low-risk drinking-two from Canada, and one generally used in Britain-were compared in terms of the proportions of respondents reporting harm from their own drinking among those who had kept within the guideline in the previous 7 days' drinking. More restrictiveness in the guidelines was associated with substantial reductions in reported drinking-related harm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

11. Ambiguity and underwriter decision processes [1995]

  • Kunreuther, Howard, Meszaros, Jacqueline, Hogarth, Robin M., and Spranca, Mark
  • Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. May 1995, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p337, 1 p.
Subjects
Ambiguity -- Economic aspects, Decision-making -- Research, Insurance industry -- Psychological aspects, and Risk assessment -- Psychological aspects
Abstract
Research is presented demonstrating the impact of ambiguity and risk on the insurance pricing decisions of underwriters. Premiums are shown to be substantially higher where there is uncertainty about potential loss levels and where the probability of an event occurring is ambiguous.

12. An evaluation of peer and professional trainers in a union-based occupational health and safety training program [1997]

  • Kurtz, Jacqueline R., Robins, Thomas G., and Schork, M. Anthony
  • Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. July 1997, Vol. 39 Issue 7, p661, 11 p.
Subjects
Training, Evaluation, Occupational safety and health -- Training, Employee trainers -- Evaluation, and Occupational health and safety -- Training
Abstract
Social cognitive theory posits that behavior can be changed by observing others perform or describe performance of behaviors. This framework was applied to understanding health behavior change associated with workplace health and safety training. Questionnaires were developed and administered to 426 workers at a United Automobile Worker's Union health and safety training program. Participants received training from one of three trainers: (1) local union discussion leaders (LUDLs), (2) professional staff trainers, or (3) LUDLs with professional staff trainers. Data were collected in three phases: before, after, and three months post-training. Findings show that subjects trained by LUDLs identify most closely with their instructors, whereas subjects trained by staff trainers identify least closely with them. In addition, workers trained by LUDLs reported changing behavior as a result of training more often than workers trained by others.

13. Angiogenic and HIV-inhibitory functions of KSHV-encoded chemokines [1997]

  • Boshoff, Chris, Endo, Yoshio, Collins, Paul D., Takeuchi, Yasuhiro, Reeves, Jacqueline D., Schweickart, Vicki L., Siani, Michael A., Sasaki, Takuma, Williams, Timothy J., Gray, Patrick W., Moore, Patrick S., Chang, Yuan, and Weiss, Robin A.
  • Science. Oct 10, 1997, Vol. 278 Issue 5336, p290, 5 p.
Subjects
Physiological aspects, Kaposi's sarcoma -- Physiological aspects, HIV, Virus inactivation, HIV infections -- Physiological aspects, HIV (Viruses) -- Inactivation, and HIV infection -- Physiological aspects
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a highly angiogenic multicentric tumor most commonly seen in immunodeficient individuals. Since the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, KS has become one of the most common [...]
Unique among known human herpesviruses, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV-8) encodes chemokine-like proteins (vMIP-I and vMIP-II). vMIP-II was shown to block infection of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) on a CD4-positive cell line expressing CCR3 and to a lesser extent on one expressing CCR5, whereas both vMIP-I and vMIP-II partially inhibited HIV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Like eotaxin, vMIP-II activated and chemoattracted human eosinophils by way of CCR3. vMIP-I and vMIP-II, but not cellular MIP-1 [Alpha] or RANTES, were highly angiogenic in the chorioallantoic assay, suggesting a possible pathogenic role in Kaposi's sarcoma.

14. Randomised trial of isoniazid versus rifampicin and pyrazinamide for prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-1 infection. [1998]

  • Halsey, Neal A., Coberly, Jacqueline S., Desormeaux, Julio, Atkinson, Joan, Moulton, Lawrence H., Contave, Mireil, Johnson, Michael, Davis, Homer, Geiter, Lawrence, Johnson, Erica, Huebner, Robin, Boulos, Reginald, and Chaisson, Richard E.
  • Lancet. 3/14/1998, Vol. 351 Issue 9105, p786. 7p. 1 Diagram, 5 Charts, 3 Graphs.
Subjects
TUBERCULOSIS prevention, MEDICAL care of HIV-positive persons, ISONIAZID, PTERIDINES, and DRUG efficacy
Abstract
Studies the effectiveness of isoniazid versus rifampicin with pyrazinamide for prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-1 positive individuals. Methods for comparing efficacy of the chemoprophylaxis regimens; Findings; Interpretation. INSET: Disease categories.

15. Latanoprost treatment for glaucoma: effects of treating for 1 year and of switching from timolol [1998]

  • Camras, Carl B., Wax, Martin B., Ritch, Robert, Weinreb, Robert, Robin, Alan L., Higginbotham, Eve J., Lustgarten, Jacqueline, Stewart, William C., Sherwood, Mark, Krupin, Theodore, Wilensky, Jacob, Cioffi, George A., Katz, L. Jay, Schumer, Robert A., Kaufman, Paul L., Minckler, Don, Zimmerman, Thom, and Stjernschantz, Johan
  • American Journal of Ophthalmology. Sept 1998, Vol. 126 Issue 3, p390, 10 p.

16. Anger-Related Traits and Response to Interpersonal Conflict Among New York City Traffic Agents. [1998]

  • Brondolo, Elizabeth, Masheb, Robin, Stores, Jacqueline, Stockhammer, Tanya, Tunick, Wendy, Melhado, Elizabeth, Karlin, William A., Schwartz, Joseph, Harburg, Ernest, and Contrada, Richard J.
  • Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 11/16/98, Vol. 28 Issue 22, p2089-2118. 30p.
Subjects
PERSONALITY, ANGER, CITY traffic, AFRICAN Americans, AUTOMOBILE drivers, ATTITUDE (Psychology), and PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout
Abstract
This study evaluates the psychosocial correlates of anger-related traits. Participants include New York City traffic enforcement agents (TEAs), who issue summonses for vehicular and parking violations and are frequently confronted by angry motorists. This sample of TEAs is 53% African American and 57% female. Participants completed surveys at 2 points, 4 months apart, which measured attitudinal, affective, and expressive components of hostility and anger, as well as dimensions of workplace psychosocial response. Results indicate that trait anger-in was positively associated with frequency of conflict, anger intensity, and burnout in cross-sectional analyses; and positively associated with frequency of conflict in prospective analyses. Trait anger was positively associated with an increase in burnout over a 4-month period. These findings provide support for the transactional model of hostility and health and have implications for worksite interventions promoting cardiovascular health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

17. LETTERS. [1999]

  • Brand, William, Rudnick, David, Dunphy, Brendan, Moen, Gerald, Rutelli, Francesco, Fadiman, Jeffrey, Sivasubramanian, M. N., Desmond, Marc, Harris, Robin, Lamont, Lord, Talekar, N. S., Mounteer, Carl, Fitzpatrick, Maurice, Richards, Ian, Teo, Jacqueline, Sass, Edgar, and Dussolier, Maurice
  • Economist. 2/13/1999, Vol. 350 Issue 8106, p6-8. 2p.
Subjects
LETTERS to the editor, DAY trading (Securities), BUBBLE gum, ECONOMICS, and ECONOMIC policy
Abstract
Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "When the Bubble Bursts," in the January 30, 1999 issue, "Blame It on the Bubbles," in the January 23, 1999 issue, and "A Nervous Shuffle in Malaysia," in the January 16, 1999 issue.

18. Economic evaluations of community-based care: lessons from twelve studies in Ontario. [1999]

  • Browne, Gina, Roberts, Jacqueline, Gafni, Amiram, Byrne, Carolyn, Weir, Robin, Majumdar, Basanti, and Watt, Susan
  • Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. Dec1999, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p367-385. 19p.
Subjects
COMMUNITY health services, NATIONAL health insurance, and MEDICAL care
Abstract
A series of 12 studies (five historic cohort and seven randomized trials) examined clients in community settings in Southern Ontario suffering from a variety of chronic physical and mental health conditions. These studies are appraised using a framework for evaluating possible outcomes of economic evaluation. In the 12 studies, sample composition and size varied. Each study was designed to quantify the well-being outcomes and expenditures associated with different community-based approaches to care provided in the context of a system of national health insurance. As a collective, these studies represent increasing methodological rigour. Multiple-perspective client well-being outcome measures were used. In two studies, caregiver burden also was analysed. A common approach to quantification and evaluation of expenditures for service consumption was used in all 12 studies. The nature of community-based health services (health vs. disease care orientation) was found to have direct and measurable impact on total expenditures for health service utilization and client well-being outcomes. In most cases, a recurring pattern of equal or better client outcomes, yet lower expenditures for use of community based health services, was associated with well-integrated health oriented services. Integrated services aimed at factors which determine health are superior when compared to individual, fragmented, disease oriented, and focused approaches to care. The main lessons from the 12 studies are that it is as or more effective and as or less expensive to offer complete, proactive, community health services to persons living with chronic circumstance than to provide focused, on-demand, piecemeal services. Complete services would have a psychosocial and mental health focus included with the physical care approach. Furthermore, people with coexisting risk factors (age, living arrangements, mental distress and problem-solving ability) are the ones who most benefit at lower expense... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

19. Loss-of-function mutations in the cathepsin C gene result in periodontal disease and palmoplantar keratosis. [1999]

  • Toomes, Carmel, James, Jacqueline, Wood, A. Joseph, Wu, Chu Lee, McCormick, Derek, Lench, Nicholas, Hewitt, Chelsee, Moynihan, Leanne, Roberts, Emma, Woods, C. Geoffrey, Markham, Alexander, Wong, Melanie, Widmer, Richard, Ghaffar, Khaled Abdul, Pemberton, Michael, Hussein, Ibtessam Ramzy, Temtamy, Samia A., Davies, Robin, and Read, Andrew P.
  • Nature Genetics. Dec99, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p421. 4p.
Subjects
PERIODONTAL disease and KERATOSIS
Abstract
Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome, or keratosis palmoplantaris with periodontopathia (PLS, MIM 245000), is an autosomal recessive disorder that is mainly ascertained by dentists because of the severe periodontitis that afflicts patients. Both the deciduous and permanent dentitions are affected, resulting in premature tooth loss. Palmoplantar keratosis, varying from mild psoriasiform scaly skin to overt hyperkeratosis, typically develops within the first three years of life. Keratosis also affects other sites such as elbows and knees. Most PLS patients display both periodontitis and hyperkeratosis. Some patients have only palmoplantar keratosis or periodontitis, and in rare individuals the periodontitis is mild and of late onset. The PLS locus has been mapped to chromosome 11q14-q21 (refs 7-9). Using homozygosity mapping in eight small consanguineous families, we have narrowed the candidate region to a 1.2-cM interval between DllS4082 and D11S931. The gene (CTSC) encoding the lysosomal protease cathepsin C (or dipeptidyl aminopeptidase I) lies within this interval. We defined the genomic structure of CTSC and found mutations in all eight families. In two of these families we used a functional assay to demonstrate an almost total loss of cathepsin C activity in PLS patients and reduced activity in obligate carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

20. Cultural sensitivity in substance use prevention. [2000]

  • Resnicow, Ken, Soler, Robin, Braithwaite, Ronald L., Ahluwalia, Jasjit S., and Butler, Jacqueline
  • Journal of Community Psychology. May2000, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p271-290. 20p.
Subjects
SUBSTANCE abuse prevention, ETHNICITY, MEDICAL communication, ETHNIC groups, PATHOLOGICAL psychology, and SOCIAL psychology
Abstract
The rationale for targeted and tailored substance use prevention programs derives from essentially three observations: 1) differences in substance use prevalence rates across racial/ethnic groups; 2) differences in the prevalence of the risk factors for substance use across racial/ethnic groups; and 3) differences in the predictors of substance use across groups. This article provides a model for understanding cultural sensitivity as it pertains to substance use prevention. Cultural sensitivity is defined by two dimensions, surface and deep structure. Surface structure involves matching intervention materials and messages to observable, “superficial” characteristics of a target population. This may involve using people, places, language, product brands, music, food, locations, and clothing familiar to, and preferred by, the target audience. Surface structure refers to how well interventions fit within a specific culture. Deep structure involves incorporating the cultural, social, historical, environmental, and psychologic forces that influence the target health behavior in the proposed target population. For example, peer influences may exert a greater influence on substance use initiation among White and Hispanic than among African American youth, while parental influences may be stronger among African Americans. Whereas surface structure generally increases the "receptivity" or "acceptance" of messages, deep structure conveys salience. Techniques for developing culturally sensitive interventions, borrowed from social marketing and health communication theory, are described. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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