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• Preface.Acknowledgments.About the Author.1 Introduction.1.1 Introduction.1.2 World of RP.1.3 History of RP.1.4 Development of RP Systems.1.5 Applications in Education and Industry.1.6 Case Study: Fabricating a Prototype Using 3D Printing.1.7 Summary.2 Principles of Rapid Prototyping.2.1 Principles of Automated Processes.2.2 RP Fundamentals.2.3 Problems with STL File Format.2.4 Other Translators.2.5 Case Study: Designing and Prototyping a Spur Gear.2.6 Summary.3 Liquid-Based RP Systems.3.1 Classification of RP Systems.3.2 3D Systems' Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA).3.3 D-MEC's Solid Creation System.3.4 CMET Solid Object UV Laser Plotter.3.5 Summary.4 Solid-Based RP Systems.4.1 Stratasys' Fused Deposition Modeling Systems.4.2 Helysis Laminated Object Manufacturing System.4.3 Solidscape's 3D Printing and Deposition Milling.4.4 3D Systems' Multijet Modeling System.4.5 KIRA's Selective Adhesive and Hot Pass (SAHP) System.4.6 Summary.5 Powder-Based RP Systems.5.1 3D Systems' Selective Laser Sintering.5.2 MIT's Three-Dimensional Printing.5.3 Z Corporation's Process (Z406 System).5.4 Soligen's Direct Shell Production Casting.5.5 EOS's Laser Sintering Systems.5.6 e-Manufacturing using Laser Sintering.5.7 Summary.6 Materials for Rapid Prototyping.6.1 Introduction.6.2 Types of Materials.6.3 Liquid-Based Materials.6.4 Solid-Based Materials.6.5 Powder-Based Materials.6.6 Case Study.6.7 Summary.7 Reverse Engineering.7.1 Introduction.7.2 Measuring Devices.7.3 CAD Model Construction from Point Clouds.7.4 Data-Handling and Reduction Methods.7.5 Applications and Trends.7.6 Case Study.7.7 Summary.8 Rapid Tooling.8.1 Introduction.8.2 Indirect Methods of RT.8.3 Direct Methods of RT.8.4 Case Study: Sheet-Metal Forming by RT.8.5 Summary.9 Medical Applications in Rapid Prototyping.9.1 Introduction.9.2 Medical Applications of RP.9.3 Types of Medical Imaging.9.4 Software for Making Medical Models.9.5 Medical Materials.9.6 Other Applications.9.7 Summary.10 Industry Perspectives.10.1 Guidelines for Implementation.10.2 Operating Issues.10.3 Managing Issues.10.4 Service Bureaus.10.5 Rapid Prototyping Consortia.10.6 Present and Future Trends.10.7 Summary.11 Research and Development.11.1 Improvement of FDM Process Using Design of Experiment.11.2 Improvement of Part Accuracy.11.3 Effects of Cryogenic Processing on RP Materials.11.4 New Technologies.11.5 Summary.Appendix A: RP Resources.Appendix B: Worldwide RP System Manufacturers.Appendix C: Rapid Tooling Technology Suppliers.Appendix D: RP Software Developers.Appendix E: RP Material Suppliers.Glossary.List of Abbreviations.Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Rapid prototyping is a faster, more cost-effective method for building prototypes from three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) drawings. "Rapid Prototyping" provides a fundamental overview of the general manufacturing process and presents the principles and applications of designing and fabricating parts in a format that makes learning easy. This user-friendly text features basic information on layered manufacturing processes, the essential vocabulary of nomenclature, numerous review exercises, case studies, a full section of rapid prototyping applications, helpful material for further study, applications to real-world problems, and more.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Owing to the development and rapid spread of communication technologies including the Internet, the world is indeed turning into a global village. The rate of introduction of new products and technologies is steadily rising. At the same time, pressures to reduce time-to-market are mounting. Only companies that are able to realize products rapidly are able to survive today. From a technological viewpoint, rapid product realization involves rapid design, rapid prototyping, and rapid tooling. Fortunately, a class of technologies, also collectively called rapid prototyping (RP) technologies, has emerged in the last two decades or so to meet these requirements. Early technologies merely aimed to produce single part look-alikes. However, intense R&D efforts are taking place around the world to go beyond mere 'look alike' single part prototyping, into functional, multi-part assemblies. RP technologies are different from other modern manufacturing technologies in many ways. In RP, material is usually added incrementally in a layered manner and, occasionally, subtracted. Some technologies depend upon layers of resin cured under the influence of one or more CNC controlled laser beams. Others use lasers to selectively sinter layers of powdered metal. There are also RP technologies that do not use lasers at all. Indeed, RP is turning out to be a potent arena for technological creativity. This book provides an updated overview of RP technologies at a level of detail that university engineering students taking courses on RP as well R&D and operating professionals from industry interested in RP are likely to find attractive. While the emphasis is on laser-based technologies, other processes are also discussed. With respect to each important RP process, the part/assembly modeling techniques, the materials used, process itself, advantages and disadvantages, accuracy and finish issues as well as application potential are discussed.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• RP / RT / RM Processes.- Materials.- Applications.- Rapid Design and Manufacturing.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Rapid prototyping techniques have been increasingly used by industry to reduce product development cycles. A large number of processes have been developed allowing the use of various materials ranging from plastics to metal for the development of prototypes. "Rapid Prototyping: Theory and Practice" provides a comprehensive collection of the latest research and technical work in the field with an emphasis on both rapid tooling and rapid manufacturing. Drawing upon the collective knowledge of renowned experts in the industrial engineering field, Ali Kamrani and Emad Abouel Nasr have assembled a wide ranging treatise on rapid prototyping that includes: Up to date documentation on the current scope of research on rapid prototyping, tooling and manufacturing. Methodologies and technologies to support a customer-focussed and mass customization approach to production. Detailed analysis and case studies of the application of rapid prototyping, rapid tooling and rapid manufacturing in fields such as medical and biomedical manufacturing, aerospace industry and automotive industry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Rapid Prototyping Process Chain
• Liquid-Based Rapid Prototyping Systems
• Solid-Based Rapid Prototyping Systems
• Powder-Based Rapid Prototyping Systems
• Rapid Prototyping Data Formats
• Applications and Examples
• Evaluation and Benchmarking.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Rapid Prototyping (RP) has revolutionized the landscape of how prototypes and products are made and small batch manufacturing carried out. This book gives a comprehensive coverage of RP and rapid tooling processes, data formats and applications. A CD-ROM, included in the book, presents RP and its principles in an interactive way to augment the learning experience.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction.- Perspectives on prototyping.- Hybrid Prototyping.- Blended Prototyping.- Beyond Prototyping.- Joint research and reflection.- Summary.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In this book, the authors describe the findings derived from interaction and cooperation between scientific actors employing diverse practices. They reflect on distinct prototyping concepts and examine the transformation of development culture in their fusion to hybrid approaches and solutions. The products of tomorrow are going to be multifunctional, interactive systems - and already are to some degree today. Collaboration across multiple disciplines is the only way to grasp their complexity in design concepts. This underscores the importance of reconsidering the prototyping process for the development of these systems, particularly in transdisciplinary research teams. "Rethinking Prototyping - new hybrid concepts for prototyping" was a transdisciplinary project that took up this challenge. The aim of this programmatic rethinking was to come up with a general concept of prototyping by combining innovative prototyping concepts, which had been researched and developed in three sub-projects: "Hybrid Prototyping" developed new prototyping approaches to validate and evaluate holistically developed systems with their services, infrastructure and business models. "Blended Prototyping" addressed a new technique whereby prototypes for user interfaces of software applications can be generated from hand drawings and immediately be tested. "Beyond Prototyping" examined the issue of the prototype in connection with algorithmically generated design for producing tailor-made products.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Rapid prototyping process
• liquid-based rapid prototyping systems
• solid-based rapid prototyping systems
• powder-based rapid prototyping systems
• rapid prototyping data formats
• applications in manufacturing and case studies
• evaluation and benchmarking. Appendices: list of CAD to STL interfaces July 1990
• list of RP case studies.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This text provides an introduction to the fundamental theories and applications of rapid prototyping and traces its development in the arena of advanced manufacturing technologies. It also focuses on issues such as: the problems with the de facto STL format; application areas; and industrial case studies.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part 1 Perspectives for virtual prototyping.
• Part 2 advanced product modeling techniques.
• Part 3 Architectures for distributed systems.
• Part 4 Advances in virtual reality technologies.
• Part 5 Industrial applications.
• Part 6 Workshop summaries.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Virtual prototyping is a major application of a virtual environment within the product development process. this book explores the concepts, tools, interaction, and simulation used with virtual prototypes and environments. The book contains the selected proceedings of two recent conferences: "Virtual Environments and their Applications", held in Coimbra, Portugal, in October 1994, and "Virtual Prototyping", held in Providence, USA, in September 1994. Both conferences were co-organized by the International Federation for Information Processing. Virtual environments have enormous potential for future applications in industry, and this book should be of interest to all those involved in manufacturing, both manufacturers and suppliers. Vendors for hardware and software, and research institutes and universities dealing with engineering, design, computer science and mathematics, will also find the book of interest.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Front Cover; Paper Prototyping: The Fast and Easy Way to Design and Refine User Interfaces; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Part I: Introduction to Prototyping;
• Chapter 1. Introduction;
• Chapter 2. Case Studies;
• Chapter 3. Thinking about Prototyping;
• Chapter 4. Making a Paper Prototype; Part II: Process: Conducting a Usability Study with a Paper Prototype;
• Chapter 5. Planning a Usability Study with a Paper Prototype;
• Chapter 6. Task Design;
• Chapter 7. Preparing the Prototype;
• Chapter 8. Introduction to Usability Test Facilitation.

The practical guide on using paper prototyping when designing user interfaces.

• Foreword by Jakon Nielsen Acknowledgments Part I-Introduction to Paper Prototyping
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: Case Studies
• Chapter 3: Thinking about Prototyping
• Chapter 4: Making a Paper Prototype Part II-Process: Conducting a Usability Study with a Paper Prototype
• Chapter 5: Planning a Usability Study with a Paper Prototype
• Chapter 6: Task Design
• Chapter 7: Preparing the Prototype
• Chapter 8: Introduction to Usability Test Facilitation
• Chapter 9: Usability Testing with a Paper Prototype
• Chapter 10: Observers
• Chapter 11: Data: Capturing, Prioritizing, and Communicating Part III-Deciding Whether to Use Paper
• Chapter 12: What Paper Is (and Isn't) Good For
• Chapter 13: The Politics of Paper Prototyping
• Chapter 14: When to Use Paper Part IV-Broadening the Focus
• Chapter 15: Examples of User-Centered Design
• Chapter 16: Final Thoughts References Index Figure Credits About the Author.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Do you spend a lot of time during the design process wondering what users really need? Do you hate those endless meetings where you argue how the interface should work? Have you ever developed something that later had to be completely redesigned? Paper Prototyping can help. Written by a usability engineer with a long and successful paper prototyping history, this book is a practical, how-to guide that will prepare you to create and test paper prototypes of all kinds of user interfaces. You'll see how to simulate various kinds of interface elements and interactions. You'll learn about the practical aspects of paper prototyping, such as deciding when the technique is appropriate, scheduling the activities, and handling the skepticism of others in your organization. Numerous case studies and images throughout the book show you real world examples of paper prototyping at work. Learn how to use this powerful technique to develop products that are more useful, intuitive, efficient, and pleasing: * Save time and money - solve key problems before implementation begins * Get user feedback early - use it to focus the development process * Communicate better - involve development team members from a variety of disciplines * Be more creative - experiment with many ideas before committing to one.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Foreword by Jakon Nielsen Acknowledgments Part I-Introduction to Paper Prototyping
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: Case Studies
• Chapter 3: Thinking about Prototyping
• Chapter 4: Making a Paper Prototype Part II-Process: Conducting a Usability Study with a Paper Prototype
• Chapter 5: Planning a Usability Study with a Paper Prototype
• Chapter 6: Task Design
• Chapter 7: Preparing the Prototype
• Chapter 8: Introduction to Usability Test Facilitation
• Chapter 9: Usability Testing with a Paper Prototype
• Chapter 10: Observers
• Chapter 11: Data: Capturing, Prioritizing, and Communicating Part III-Deciding Whether to Use Paper
• Chapter 12: What Paper Is (and Isn't) Good For
• Chapter 13: The Politics of Paper Prototyping
• Chapter 14: When to Use Paper Part IV-Broadening the Focus
• Chapter 15: Examples of User-Centered Design
• Chapter 16: Final Thoughts References Index Figure Credits About the Author.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Do you spend a lot of time during the design process wondering what users really need? Do you hate those endless meetings where you argue how the interface should work? Have you ever developed something that later had to be completely redesigned? Paper Prototyping can help. Written by a usability engineer with a long and successful paper prototyping history, this book is a practical, how-to guide that will prepare you to create and test paper prototypes of all kinds of user interfaces. You'll see how to simulate various kinds of interface elements and interactions. You'll learn about the practical aspects of paper prototyping, such as deciding when the technique is appropriate, scheduling the activities, and handling the skepticism of others in your organization. Numerous case studies and images throughout the book show you real world examples of paper prototyping at work. Learn how to use this powerful technique to develop products that are more useful, intuitive, efficient, and pleasing: * Save time and money - solve key problems before implementation begins * Get user feedback early - use it to focus the development process * Communicate better - involve development team members from a variety of disciplines * Be more creative - experiment with many ideas before committing to one.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)