%{search_type} search results

• 1.
• Bedside Approach to Musculoskeletal Complaints
• 2.
• Laboratory investigations in Rheumatology
• 3.
• Low Back Pain
• 4.
• Osteoarthritis
• 5.
• Gout and other Crystal Arthritides
• 6.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• 7.
• Spondyloarthritides
• 8.
• Psoriatic Arthritis
• 9.
• Reactive Arthritis
• 10. Seronegative Arthritis
• 11. Adult Still's Disease
• 12. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
• 13. Connective Tissue Diseases- The Concept and Approach
• 14. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• 15. Sjogren's Syndrome
• 16. Systemic Sclerosis
• 17. Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease, Mixed Connective Tissue Disease and the Overlap Syndromes
• 18. Antiphospholipid Syndrome
• 19. Inflammatory Muscle Diseases
• 20. Vasculitis
• 21. Osteoporosis
• 22. Behcet's Syndrome
• 23. Soft Tissue Rheumatism and Regional Pain Syndromes
• 24. Fibromyalgia
• 25. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
• 26. Benign Joint Hypermobility
• 27. Tuberculous and Septic Arthritis
• 28. Viral Arthritis
• 29. Sarcoidosis- Rheumatological Considerations
• 30. Emergencies in Rheumatology
• 31. Joint Aspiration and Injection
• 32. Pregnancy, Lactation, Contraception, and Fatherhood in Rheumatic Diseases
• 33. Immunisation in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases
• 34. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and the Rheumatologist
• 35. Web Resources in Rheumatology.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Clinical Rheumatology is a book written by a clinician for clinicians. It covers all the essential clinical aspects of Rheumatology in an engaging, clear, and concise manner, thereby fulfilling an unmet need. The focus of this book is to cover clinically pertinent and practically relevant issues while pruning unnecessary detail. Patient photographs, tables, and boxes enhance readability. The bedside clinical and investigative approach is discussed in a lucid fashion illustrated by clinical photographs, flowcharts, and algorithms. The evidence-based treatment is spelt out in an easy to comprehend fashion. Key messages have been listed at the beginning of each chapter. The book is intended for undergraduate and postgraduate medical students, residents, fellows, and clinicians who want to gain practical knowledge and clinical insight into rheumatic diseases. The book is likely to appeal to internists, rheumatologists, physiatrists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, as well as orthopaedic surgeons. They will find their day to day questions answered in a knowledge format that can be applied straight away. Senior clinicians will find it a ready reckoner and a handy manual to refresh and update their knowledge. Basic scientists will find it useful to gain clinical insight into the rheumatic diseases they research without being intimidated by the size of the text. Teachers will find it full of helpful teaching messages. Clinical Rheumatology is a must-have book for all those who deal with rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases. .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• SECTION I: HISTORY OF ECMO & ECMO SIMULATION.-
• 1. ECMO from Conception to Execution.-
• 2. Simulating ECMO: Rationale and Genesis.-
• SECTION II: EDUCATIONAL THEORY BEHIND ECMO SIMULATION.- 3.The Critical Role of Simulation in ECMO Education.-
• 4. A Conceptual Framework for Development of a Simulation-Enhanced ECMO Training Program: Use of a Zone-Based Framework.-
• 5. Brain-Based Learning.-
• 6. Designing an ECMO Simulation Curriculum.-
• SECTION III: TECHNOLOGY FOR ECMO SIMULATION.-
• 7. Innovations and Options for ECMO Simulation.-
• 8. Physiologic Modeling.-
• 9. Immersive Technologies in ECMO Simulation.-
• SECTION IV: OTHER TOPICS FOR ECMO SIMULATION.-
• 10. Interprofessional Education and ECMO Simulation.-
• 11. Optimizing ECMO Teams: What Every ECMO Educator Needs to Know about the Latest Advances in Team Science.-
• SECTION V: PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS.-
• 12: Current Training Recommendations for ECMO Providers and Specialists.-
• 13: The Role of Simulation in Starting a New ECMO Program.-
• 14. Using Simulation to Develop an ECMO Transport Program.-
• 15. Debriefing ECMO Simulations: Special Considerations.-
• 16. Controversies on Certification of ECMO Practititioners Using Simulation.-
• 17. Research in ECMO Simulation: A Review of the Literature.-
• 18. Faculty Development for ECMO Simulation.-
• 19. Quality Improvement.-
• SECTION VI: SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR DIFFERENT ECMO POPULATIONS.-
• 20. Neonatology.-
• 21. ECMO Simulation in Infants, Children, and Adolescents.-
• 22. ECMO Simulation in Patients with Cardiac Disease.-
• 23. Surgical Considerations.-
• 24. Nursing Aspects of ECPR and ECMO Training.-
• 25. ECMO Simulation in the Adult Population - Proning, Awakening Breathing Trials, and Mobilization.-
• 26. The Role of Simulation in Training of ECMO Specialists.-
• SECTION VI: PRACTICAL GUIDE.-
• 27. A Practical and Pictorial Guide for Creating ECMO Simulation.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book focuses on the technical, cognitive, and behavioral skills needed to implement an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) simulation program. It describes these programs on the individual, team, and hospital system level, and includes the history of ECMO simulation, its evolution to its current state, and future directions of technology and science related to ECMO simulation. Divided into six sections, chapters describe both the theoretical as well as the practical aspects of ECMO simulation, including a pictorial guide to setting up an ECMO simulation circuit and how to recreate ECMO emergencies. It is a pragmatic guide that emphasizes the necessary practical items and discussions necessary to plan, set-up, orchestrate, and debrief ECMO simulations for different types of learners in different Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation: ECMO Simulation - A Theoretical and Practical Guide is part of the Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation Series, and this book is intended for educators, simulation technologists, and providers involved in ECMO programs who recognize the value of simulation to improve ECMO outcomes.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part 1 : Databases for Phramacoepidemiological Research
• Chapter 1 - Introduction (Miriam Sturkenboom)
• Chapter 2 - Overview of databases (Iris Pigeot, Maike Tahden, Dimitrios Zampatis, Douglas J. Watson, Ulla Forssen, Bianca Kollhorst)
• Part 2 : Databases in Europe.-
• Chapter 3 - Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) (Melissa Myland, Caroline O'Leary, Bassam Bafadhal, Mustafa Dungarwalla, Harshvinder Bhullar, Louise Pinder, James Philpott)
• Chapter 4 - IQVIA Medical Research Data (IMRD) (Caroline O'Leary)
• Chapter 5 - The Health Service Executive - Primary Care Reimbursement Services Database in Ireland (Ireland HSE-PCRS) (Sarah-Jo Sinnott)
• Chapter 6 - Administrative Registers in Finland, Sweden, and Norway (Tuire Prami, Rosa Juuti, Ilona Iso-Mustajarvi)
• Chapter 7 - PHARMO Database Network (Ron Herings, Marina Bakker)
• Chapter 8 - German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database (GePaRD) (Ulrike Haug, Tania Schink)
• Chapter 9 - Institute for Applied Health Research Berlin (InGef) Database (Frank Andersohn, Jochen Walker )
• Chapter 10 - National health insurance claims database in France, Systeme Nationale des Donnees de Sante (SNDS) and Health Data Hub (HDH) (Nicholas Moore, Patrick Blin, Regis Lassalle, Nicolas Thurin, Pauline Bosco-Levy, Cecile Droz)
• Chapter 11 - Agenzia regionale di sanita della Toscana (ARS) Database (Rosa Gini)
• Chapter 12 - Caserta Record Linkage Database (Gianluca Trifiro, Valentina Ientile, Janet Sultana, Michele Tari)
• Chapter 13 - Pedianet Database (Anna Cantarutti)
• Chapter 14 - BIFAP Program: A data resource for Pharmacoepidemiological research in Spain (Miguel Gil, Miguel Angel Macia, Julio Bonis, Consuelo Huerta, Elisa Martin-Merino, Arturo Alvarez, Veronica Bryant and Dolores Montero on behalf of BIFAP Team)
• Chapter 15 - The Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) (Talita Duarte-Salles, Maria Aragon, Bonaventura Bolibar)
• Chapter 16 - Estonian Health Insurance Fund (EHIF) Database (Sirly Latt, Helis Puksand)
• Chapter 17 - Icelandic Medicines Registry (IMR) (Larus S. Gudmundsson, Olafur B. Einarsson, Magnus Johannsson)
• Part 3 : Databases in North America.-
• Chapter 18 - Regie de l'assurance maladie du Quebec (RAMQ) databases (Machelle Wilchesky, Samy Suissa)
• Chapter 19 - Medicaid and Medicare (Dirk Enders, Tania Schink, Til Sturmer)
• Chapter 20 - Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases (MarketScan) (Anne M. Butler, Katelin B. Nickel, Robert A. Overman, M. Alan Brookhart)
• Part 4 : Databases in Asia and Australia
• Chapter 21 - Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) Dispensing Database (Emily A. Karanges, Melisa J. Litchfield, Leigh Mellish, Sallie-Anne Pearson)
• Chapter 22 - National Insurance Claims Database (NDB) (Daisuke Sato, Kazuhiko Ohe)
• Chapter 23 - National Health Insurance (NHI) Database (K. Arnold Chan)
• .
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book allows readers to gain an in-depth understanding of the role of real-world data in pharmacoepidemiology, and highlights the strengths and limitations of the respective databases with regard to pharmacoepidemiological research. Over the past decade, the increasing use of real-world data in pharmacoepidemiological research has been accompanied by a growing recognition of the value of real-world evidence in clinical and regulatory decision-making. Electronic healthcare databases allow analyses of drug and vaccine utilization in routine care after approval, as well as investigations of their comparative effectiveness and safety. They are especially useful for the identification of rare risks and rare drug exposures over long periods of time, and as such sustainably extend the basis for drug safety research. This book provides an introduction to the role of real-world data in pharmacoepidemiological research and the main developments in the last 15 years. It also offers a comprehensive overview of the general classification characteristics of databases, together with their strengths and limitations, and a detailed description of 21 individual databases, written by professionals who work with or maintain them. .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Healing (and harming) specialists: plural medicine in Angola and Kongo--
• 2. Cross-Cultural experiments: the materiality of medicine in West-Central Africa--
• 3. 'Much better suited than we are, as regards their health care': African botanical expertise and medical knowledge on the Gold Coast--
• 4. Remedies on the spot: science, agricultural development and botanical knowledge in Sierra Leone ca. 1800--
• 5. Healers, hospitals and medicines: European medical practice in Angola--
• 6. Treating their symptoms: limits of humoural medicine--
• 7. Migrations: medical geography in the Southern Atlantic--
• 8. Conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In this ambitious analysis of medical encounters in Central and West Africa during the era of the Atlantic slave trade, Kalle Kananoja focuses on African and European perceptions of health, disease and healing. Arguing that the period was characterised by continuous knowledge exchange, he shows that indigenous natural medicine was used by locals and non-Africans alike. The mobility and circulation of healing techniques and materials was an important feature of the early modern Black Atlantic world. African healing specialists not only crossed the Atlantic to the Americas, but also moved within and between African regions to offer their services. At times, patients, Europeans included, travelled relatively long distances in Africa to receive treatment. Highlighting cross-cultural medical exchanges, Kananoja shows that local African knowledge was central to shaping responses to illness, providing a fresh, global perspective on African medicine and vernacular science in the early modern world.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Premises.- Deconstruction.- Smells like Team Spirit.- Management 360.- Prelude to Action.- Real Problems Real Solutions.- Metrics.- Crises.- Considerations. .
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In recent years, improving efficiency in healthcare facilities in general, and in hospitals specifically, has become increasingly important. This book provides essential information on the powerful performance results that can be achieved when patient-centered efficiency reforms are implemented within health management systems. Created for departmental and institutional healthcare professionals, this book offers intuitive guidelines, technical tools, and work procedures to comprehensively analyze all aspects of current operations and reconfigure assets in pursuit of serving more patients, reducing costs, and generating revenues. This work is particularly valuable as its focuses on the most basic service unit in any given hospital (department/unit) and on methodologies for enhancing management practice and creating internal cultures of continual change and ongoing development. The book provides effective and lasting solutions that reduce E.R. and physician consultation wait times, complications and hospital readmissions, and laboratory tests performed, as well as increase O.R. productivity, annual numbers of patients served, and overall rates of staff and patient satisfaction. Also addressed are how best to handle moments of crisis (such as COVID-19); ethical and legal concerns; and the hiring, development, promotion, and empowerment of staff. Dedicated sections analyze ways to minimize disruptive behavior among physicians, nurses, and other personnel, and present strategies for improving department meetings, particularly in an era of social distancing. The book also describes how to maximize outcomes through multi-disciplinary approaches, the use of core performance metrics, ongoing data collection and analysis, simple reporting protocols, transparency, and the adoption of technological aids, including dedicated apps. Everything presented in this work has been put into practice. They achieved substantial and sustainable improvements in service delivery - all with little or no change in staff, budgets, and other resources already at hand. This book will help specialists and medical managers in the healthcare market to more effectively use their own resources to achieve levels of performance and success objectives they might otherwise have thought were unattainable.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Acknowledgments Abbreviations Notes on Contributors Introduction Chiara Thumiger
• Part 1: Holism: Methodological and Theoretical Perspectives
• 1 Holism, Parts, Wholes Chiara Thumiger
• 2 Holism, Sympathy, and the Living Being in Ancient Greek Medicine and Philosophy Brooke Holmes
• 3 'Holism' in Cognitive Approaches to the Ancient Emotions William Michael Short
• Part 2: Is Graeco-Roman Medicine Holistic?
• 4 Hippocratic Holisms Hynek Bartos
• 5 Holism and the Methodists David Leith
• 6 Is Graeco-Roman Medicine Holistic? Galen and Ancient Medical-Philosophical Debates P. N. Singer
• 7 Holism of Body and Mind in Hippocratic Medicine and Greek Tragedy Elizabeth Craik
• 8 Plato's Charmides on Philosophy as Holistic Medical Practice Giouli Korobili and Konstantinos Stefou
• 9 A Woman in Flux: Fluidity in Hippocratic Gynaecology Laurence M. V. Totelin
• 10 Cohesive Causes in Ancient Greek Philosophy and Medicine Sean Coughlin
• 11 Pneuma as a Holistic Concept in Galen Julius Rocca
• Part 3: Medical Holism beyond the Graeco-Roman World
• 12 Humoralism in Ayurvedic Medicine Francis Zimmermann
• 13 A Systemic Etiology of Sicknesses from Ancient Iraq: Organ Systems and the Functional Holism of the Babylonian Body John Z. Wee
• 14 Epidemic Disease in a Humoral Environment: From Airs, Waters and Places to the Renaissance Vivian Nutton
• 15 Mind-Body Interaction: The Influence of Ancient Ideas in Twelfth-Century England Claire Trenery
• 16 'Treating the Patient, Not Just the Disease': Reading Ancient Medicine in Modern Holistic Medicine Helen King
• Index Rerum Index Locorum Index Nominum.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume aims at exploring the ancient roots of 'holistic' approaches in the specific field of medicine and the life sciences, without, however, overlooking the larger theoretical implications of these discussions. Therefore, the project plans to broaden the perspective to include larger cultural discussions and, in a comparative spirit, reach out to some examples from non Graeco-Roman medical cultures. As such, it constitutes a fundamental contribution to history of medicine, philosophy of medicine, cultural studies, and ancient studies more broadly. The wide-ranging selection of chapters offers a comprehensive view of an exciting new field: the interrogation of ancient sources in the light of modern concepts in philosophy of medicine, as justification of the claim for their enduring relevance as object of study and, at the same time, as means to a more adequate contextualisation of modern debates within a long historical process.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction: Experior--
• 1. Darwin's compromise--
• 2. Medical monsters?
• 3. Of laboratories and legislatures--
• 4. Paget's public--
• 5. Cannon fire-- Epilogue: Humanity and human experimentation.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In this compelling history of the co-ordinated, transnational defence of medical experimentation in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Rob Boddice explores the experience of vivisection as humanitarian practice. He captures the rise of the professional and specialist medical scientist, whose metier was animal experimentation, and whose guiding principle was 'humanity' or the reduction of the aggregate of suffering in the world. He also highlights the rhetorical rehearsal of scientific practices as humane and humanitarian, and connects these often defensive professions to meaningful changes in the experience of doing science. Humane Professions examines the strategies employed by the medical establishment to try to cement an idea in the public consciousness: that the blood spilt in medical laboratories served a far-reaching human good.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

"It is the year of our Lord 1349 and it is the season of the Plague. Novice friar Brother Diggory, now sixteen, has lived in the Monastery of the Order of St Odo at Whye since his eighth birthday. But his life is about to change. The sickness is creeping ever closer and the monks must attend to the victims. When Brother Diggory is nominated to tend to those afflicted, he realises he is about to meet the Plague, and that it is more powerful than him. What he doesn't realise is that encountering an illness and understanding it are two quite different things. An uproarious and uplifting novel about sickness and health, the fashions of 14th Century medicine, and how perhaps we're never quite as cutting-edge as we might like to believe."--Provided by publisher.

• The Health Research Process
• Selecting a Research Question
• Reviewing the Literature
• Defining Specific Aims
• Professional Development
• Coauthoring
• Overview of Study Designs
• Case Series
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Case-Control Studies
• Cohort Studies
• Experimental Studies
• Qualitative Studies
• Correlational Studies
• Synthesis Research
• Research Protocols
• Ethical Considerations
• Ethical Review and Approval
• Population Sampling
• Sample Size and Power
• Sample Size and Power
• Questionnaire Development
• Collecting Quantitative Data
• Collecting Qualitative Data
• Additional Assessments
• Secondary Analyses
• Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
• Writing Grant Proposals
• Data Management
• Descriptive Statistics
• Comparative Statistics
• Regression Analysis
• Qualitative Analysis
• Additional Analysis Tools
• Posters and Presentations
• Article Structure
• Citing
• Critically Revising
• Writing Success Strategies
• Reasons to Publish
• Selecting Target Journals
• Manuscript Submission
• Peer Review and Publication.

"Designed to empower new investigators to conduct their own original research projects, the Third Edition of Introduction to Health Research Methods provides a practical, step-by-step guide to conducting quantitative and qualitative research in medicine, public health, and other clinical and population health fields. Organized in five sections, the text covers the entire research process from formulating a study question and selecting a study approach to collecting and analyzing data and then disseminating the findings. Chapters about methods for primary studies (collecting new data), secondary analyses (analyzing existing data), and tertiary studies (conducting literature reviews and meta-analyses) provide comprehensive coverage of the scope of health research. By breaking the research process down into a series of achievable steps, Introduction to Health Research Methods shows students and early career scholars how they can contribute to improving the health of individuals and communities through research"-- Provided by publisher.

• Role of IP3 Receptors in Shaping the Carotid Chemoreceptor Response to Hypoxia but not to Hypercapnia in the Rat Carotid Body: An Evidence Review.- The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for COVID-19: A Review.- Primary Immunodeficiencies - Diseases of Children and Adults: A Review.- Pneumococcal Vaccine in Adult Asthma Patients.- Immunoglobulin G Deficiency in Children with Recurrent Respiratory Infections with and without History of Allergy.- Pruritus Characteristics in Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Adult Patients.- Pathophysiological Responses to a Record-Breaking Multi-Hour Underwater Endurance Performance: A Case Study.- Respiratory Muscle Strength and Ventilatory Function Outcome: Differences between Trained Athletes and Healthy Untrained Persons.- Uroflowmetry and Altitude Hypoxia: A Report from Healthy Italian Trekkers and Nepali Porters during Himalayan Expedition.- Effects of Intraligamentary Injection of Osteogenic-Induced Gingival Fibroblasts on Cementum Thickness in the Dog Model of Tooth Root Resorption.- In-Silico Evaluation of Treatment of Periprosthetic Fractures in Elderly Patients after Hip Arthroplasty.- Appraisal of burden of caregivers to chronically rehabilitated patients with spinal cord injuries in a tertiary neurological center in Nepal.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book integrates topics in basic research and clinical medicine as well as molecular and cell biology. It presents innovative advances in the field of immunodeficiency syndromes and viral/bacterial respiratory infections, including a novel hyperbaric oxygen treatment for COVID-19. A comprehensive insight is offered into the unresolved molecular pathways in chemosensing that plays a vital role in detecting insufficient tissue oxygenation, as well as in sporting accomplishments. Other articles address cardiorespiratory and humoral responses to hypoxia, the function of cementum in the repair and regeneration of teeth, and periprosthetic fractures following hip arthroplasty in the elderly. The issue of the overwhelming burdens on caregivers to spinal injury patients, damaging both health and psychosocial status, is addressed. The book promotes translation of scientific advances to the general medical practice. It will be a valuable reference for clinical healthcare professionals and researchers interested in innovative practices to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and management of diseases.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part I. Introduction to Medical Terminology
• Chapter 1. Concepts, Suffixes, and Prefixes of Medical Terminology
• Chapter 2. Body Structure
• Chapter 3. Disease and Treatment
• Part II. Body Systems
• Chapter 4. Integumentary System
• Chapter 5. Skeletal System
• Chapter 6. Muscular System
• Chapter 7. Nervous System and Mental Health
• Chapter 8. Special Senses: Ear and Eye
• Chapter 9. Endocrine System
• Chapter 10. Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
• Chapter 11. Blood and Immunity
• Chapter 12. Respiratory System
• Chapter 13. Digestive System
• Chapter 14. Urinary System
• Chapter 15. Male Reproductive System
• Chapter 16. Female Reproductive System; Pregnancy and Birth
• Appendix 1. Commonly Used Symbols
• Appendix 2. Abbreviations and Their Meanings
• Appendix 3. Word Parts and Their Meanings
• Appendix 4. Meanings and Their Corresponding Word Parts
• Appendix 5. Word Roots
• Appendix 6. Suffixes
• Appendix 7. Prefixes
• Appendix 8. Metric Measurements
• Appendix 9. Stedman's Medical Dictionary at a Glance
• Appendix 10. Drugs
• Appendix 11. Answer Key.

"Medical Terminology: An Illustrated Guide, Ninth Edition helps readers develop a fundamental knowledge of the medical terminology necessary for a career in any health care setting."-- Back cover.

• Introduction
• Chapter 1. Overview of Medically Unexplained Symptoms
• Pain
• Brain flaws
• Fear
• Anxiety
• Dizziness
• Stress
• Fatigue
• Diagnostic uncertainty
• Chapter 2. Early ideas on hysteria
• Hysteria and female sexuality
• Bizarre behaviors
• Hysteria and the occult
• Nerves
• Hysteria, a nervous disorder
• Early treatments of hysteria
• Spinal irritation and the spinal reflex theory
• The attack on the female genitalia
• Hysteria and fasting girls
• Chapter 3. The Golden age of Hysteria
• Briquet's syndrome
• Charcot and his hysterical circus
• Hysteria and hypnosis
• Borderlands of hypnosis
• Nature or nurture
• Ideas about hysteria evolve
• Neurasthenia and neurosis
• Americanitis
• S Weir Mitchell and the Civil War
• The Rest Cure
• S Weir Mitchell, the enigma
• Nerve doctors
• Evolution and the brain
• Chapter 4. Psychosomatic illness in the 20th Century
• Freud, the early years
• Breuer's famous patient, Bertha Pappenheim
• Freud and Breuer's book on hysteria
• Suppressed memories and childhood sexuality
• Freud's model of the mind
• Overall impact of psychoanalysis
• Physicians, patients and psychosomatic symptoms
• Common sense psychotherapy
• Alternate medical treatments and suggestibility
• War and Psychogenic Illness
• PTSD the prototypical delayed stress disorder
• Relationship between PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
• Psychosomatic medicine
• Chapter 5. Biological mechanisms of Psychosomatic Symptoms
• The biological link between stress and illness
• The hypothalamic-sympathetic-adrenal axis
• The brain's emotional center, the limbic system
• The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
• Pavlov and neural plasticity
• Hebb's Synapse
• Molecular mechanisms of brain plasticity
• Stress and the limbic system
• Nerve growth factors and stress
• The amygdala-prefrontal cortex connection
• Central sensitization, a model of neuroplasticity
• The descending pain modulatory system (DPMS)
• Brain neurotransmitters
• Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
• Noradrenalin
• Serotonin
• Dopamine
• Cannibinoids
• Stress and human behavior
• Operant conditioning and behavioral therapy
• Chapter 6. Psychosocial mechanisms of psychosomatic Symptoms
• How can beliefs and expectations change brain function?
• Doctor patient relationship and psychosomatic symptoms
• The power of the placebo
• Placebo's evil twin, nocebo
• Statins and muscle pain and weakness
• Glutens and Celiac disease
• Expectations and beliefs
• Hyperventilation syndrome
• Idiopathic environmental intolerance and the nocebo effect
• The Belgium Coca-Cola fiasco
• Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
• Infrasound sensitivity
• Sick building syndrome
• Summary of Idiopathic environmental intolerance mechanisms
• Chapter 7. Low back pain, abdominal pain and headache
• Overview of common pain syndromes
• Low back pain
• Historical perspective
• Current approach to chronic low back pain
• Physical activity and expectation
• Depression and fear avoidance
• Abdominal pain
• Autonomic nervous system and the gut
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• Peptic ulcer disease
• Primary headache disorders
• Migraine as a model for psychophysiological illnesses
• Historical perspective
• Migraine Auras
• Early ideas on the cause of migraine
• Mechanism of the migraine aura
• Genetic susceptibility to migraine
• Chapter 8. Fibromyalgia/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
• Pain but much more
• Fibromyalgia
• Tender points
• Central sensitization to pain
• Repetitive strain injury (RSI)
• Chronic fatigue
• Epidemic and sporadic neuromyasthenia
• Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
• Chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome (CFIDS)
• Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME)
• Overlap with depression and other psychogenic illnesses
• Genetics of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome
• Chapter 9. Chronic dizziness
• Anxiety and Dizziness
• Near faint dizziness and fainting
• Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
• Dizziness and mass psychogenic illness
• Persistent Postural Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD)
• Migrainous dizziness
• Post Concussion Dizziness
• Sea legs and mal de Debarquement syndrome
• Height vertigo and acrophobia
• Chapter 10. Treatment of psychosomatic symptoms
• Lifestyle changes
• Exercise and the brain
• Sleep and eating habits
• Mindfulness
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
• Internet Directed Therapy
• Drug treatments
• Drugs that increase brain monoamines (antidepressants)
• Drugs that decrease excitatory (glutamate) transmission
• Antiepileptic drugs
• Anxiolytic drugs
• Drugs that enhance neuroplasticity and neurogenesis
• Ketamine, the new "wonder drug"
• Drugs that effect endocannibinoid neurotransmission
• Extracranial Brain stimulation
• Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
• Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
• Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
• Deep brain stimulation
• DBS for PTSD
• Future Directions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Despite the rapid advances in medical science, the majority of people who visit a doctor have medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), symptoms that remain a mystery despite extensive diagnostic studies. The most common MUS are back pain, abdominal pain, headache, fatigue, and dizziness. This book addresses the obstacles of managing people with MUS in our modern day society from both a historical and contemporary perspective. Most MUS are psychosomatic in origin, caused by a complex interaction between nature and nurture, between biological and psychosocial factors. Psychosomatic symptoms are as real and as severe as the symptoms associated with structural damage to the brain. Unique and concise, the book explores the biological and psychosocial mechanisms, the clinical features, and current and future treatments of common MUS. Exploring the unsolved in an accessible manner, Medically Unexplained Symptoms invokes the methodologies of medical science, history, and sociology to investigate how brain flaws can lead to debilitating symptoms. .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1. The Year 1975
• Chapter 2. The Effects of the Social and Behavioral Sciences
• Chapter 3. Little Biology and Biology of the Little
• Chapter 4. The Big End of the Spectrum
• Chapter 5. A Second “Time of Tumult” and A New Home for Biology
• Chapter 6. Technology and the “Fearless Biologists”
• Chapter 7. Genes and Beyond
• Chapter 8. Integrating Biology
• Chapter 9. Expanding Big Bio
• Epilogue
• Index.

National Science Foundation (NSF) is a unique federal agency because it supports scientific research financially, but does not engage in scientific work itself. Its history is known only in part because the NSF is a vibrant, expanding, and living entity that makes the final telling of its story impossible. Much can be learned from its beginning as well as its component parts. If the founding of the NSF in 1950 was couched in an era of physics, especially atomic physics, certainly by the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st, biology was, and remains, the queen of sciences for the predictable future. This book highlights the elite status of America's biological sciences as they were funded, affected, and, to a very real degree, interactively guided by the NSF. It examines important events in the earlier history of the Foundation because they play strongly upon the development of the various biology directorates. Issues such as education, applied research, medical science, the National Institutes of Health, the beginnings of biotechnology, and other matters are also discussed.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Intro
• Foreword
• Preface
• Contents
• Part I: Epidemiology, Inheritance, Environment and Pathways
• Chapter 1: Introduction to Obesity and Diabetes: The Windows of Opportunity
• The Problem
• The Solution
• Pediatric and Adult Obesity
• Obesity-Induced Prediabetes or Diabetes
• State of the Art
• The Three (or Five) Trillion Dollar Question
• Market Stratification
• Ongoing Initiatives
• Final Considerations
• References
• Chapter 2: Nutrition Transition and Obesity Trends in Argentina Within the Latin American Context
• Understanding the Path to the Obesity Epidemic

• The Population Context
• Worldwide Changes in Recent Decades
• The Burden of Obesity Worldwide
• General Dietary Patterns
• Findings in Latin America
• Focus on Argentina
• Highly Processed Foods
• Physical Activity Patterns
• Disease Burden
• Public Health Interventions and Future Perspectives
• Childhood Undernutrition and Adult Obesity
• References
• Chapter 3: Challenges and Economic Burden of Diabetes in Africa
• Introduction
• Social and Financial Burden
• Challenges to Diabetes Management in Africa
• Epidemiological transitions:
• Access to Health Care

• Knowledge, Beliefs, and Health Seeking Behaviors in Africa
• Lack of Political Will
• Under-Allocation of Resources
• Complications and Mortality Attributable to Diabetes
• Prevalence and Incidence of Diabetes Complications
• Disability and Mortality
• Economic Burden of Diabetes Mellitus
• Costs Attributable to Diabetes Mellitus in Africa
• Purchasing Power Parity Calculations
• Direct Cost
• Profile of African Countries
• Indirect Cost
• Intangible Cost
• Cost of Diabetes Complications
• Comparative Health Care Expenditures in Africa
• Perspectives

• National Diabetes Programs (NDPs)
• Sustainable Development Goals
• Universal Health Coverage (UHC)
• References
• Chapter 4: Brown Adipose Tissue in Obesity and Diabetes
• Adipose Tissue Classification: Types, Location, and Function
• Clinical Measurement of Brown Adipose Tissue
• Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging
• Magnetic Resonance (MR)
• Preclinical Imaging Techniques (Thermometry, Ultrasound, and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy)
• Ultrasonography
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRTRS)
• Secretory Activity of Brown Adipose Tissue
• Brown Adipokines or ``Batokineś́

• Batokines and Transplantation
• Brown Adipose Tissue Signaling to Other Tissues
• Neuroendocrine Regulation of Brown Adipose Tissue
• Sympathetic BAT Innervation
• Experimental Denervation
• Sensory Innervation of BAT
• Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity and Diabetes
• Sick Fat
• The WAT Expandability Hypothesis
• Brown Adipose Tissue in Obesity and Diabetes
• BAT Dysfunction During Obesity
• Therapeutic Perspectives for Brown and White Adipose Tissue Manipulation
• Chemical Activation of BAT
• Bat Transplantation
• Direct BAT Grafting

Now in its second edition, this comprehensive handbook provides a state-of-the-art overview of recent advances in drug and non-drug therapies for obesity and diabetes. It also addresses major comorbidities, covering topics such as, cardiovascular diseases, renal and neuropsychiatric disorders, appetite control and micro RNAs. Special attention is also devoted to pediatric care, including the latest recommendations for therapy and prevention. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are among the top global health-care budget concerns worldwide and impact professional practice at all levels: in hospitals, clinics and physicians' offices alike. They prominently feature in headlines, and virtually no family, community or country is exempt from their protean, deleterious consequences. Furthermore, given the multiple intersections in their pathways, they often go hand in hand. The good news is that scientific advances in all fields, including genomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and microbiomics, are increasing our understanding of these two disease areas. At the same time, artificial intelligence, machine learning, mobile health and advanced implantable and external devices are rendering prevention and management more available, safe and cost-effective. In addition, bariatric and metabolic surgery has evolved from a niche specialty to an officially endorsed option for several modalities of obesity and diabetes. This book presents the latest lifestyle, pharmacological, surgical and non-surgical treatment options, including endoscopic intervention and cell therapy. Objectively reviewing natural and artificial sweeteners and critically examining issues such as public health initiatives, government mandated taxes for unhealthy foods and environmental planning, no stone is left unturned in gathering the latest practical information. As such, the book will appeal to seasoned specialists, as well as students and healthcare professionals in training.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface... Table of Contents... Contributing Authors... Part I Introduction
• 1. Recommendations for Preclinical Renal MRI: A Comprehensive Open-Access Protocol Collection to Improve Training, Reproducibility, and Comparability of Studies Andreas Pohlmann, Susan J. Back, Andrea Fekete, Iris Friedli, Stefanie Hectors, Neil Peter Jerome, Min-Chi Ku, Dario Livio Longo, Martin Meier, Jason M. Millward, Joao S. Periquito, Erdmann Seeliger, Suraj D. Serai, Sonia Waiczies, Steven Sourbron, Christoffer Laustsen, and Thoralf Niendorf Part II Animal Models, Preparation, Monitoring, and Physiological Interventions
• 2. Animal Models of Renal Pathophysiology and Disease Adam Hosszu, Tamas Kaucsar, Erdmann Seeliger, and Andrea Fekete
• 3. Preparation and Monitoring of Small Animals in Renal MRI Tamas Kaucsar, Adam Hosszu, Erdmann Seeliger, Henning M. Reimann, and Andrea Fekete
• 4. Reversible (Patho-)Physiologically Relevant Test Interventions: Rationale and Examples Kathleen Cantow, Mechthild Ladwig-Wiegard, Bert Flemming, Andrea Fekete, Adam Hosszu, Erdmann Seeliger
• 5. Preparation of Ex Vivo Rodent Phantoms for Developing, Testing, and Training MR Imaging of the Kidney and Other Organs Jason M. Millward, Joao S. Periquito, Paula Ramos Delgado, Christian Prinz, Thoralf Niendorf, and Sonia Waiczies Part III Basic Concepts of Measurement Techniques
• 6. Quantitative Assessment of Renal Perfusion and Oxygenation by Invasive Probes: Basic Concepts Kathleen Cantow, Roger G. Evans, Dirk Grosenick, Thomas Gladytz, Thoralf Niendorf, Bert Flemming, and Erdmann Seeliger
• 7. Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging of the Kidney: Basic Concepts and Protocols Sandra Meyer, Dieter Fuchs, and Martin Meier
• 8. Hardware Considerations for Preclinical Magnetic Resonance of the Kidney Paula Ramos Delgado, Ekkehard Kustermann, Andre Kuhne, Jason M. Millward, Thoralf Niendorf, Andreas Pohlmann, and Martin Meier
• 9. MRI Mapping of Renal T1: Basic Concept Stefanie Hectors, Sabrina Doblas, Philippe Garteiser, Gwenael Page, Bernard E. Van Beers, John C. Waterton, and Octavia Bane
• 10. MRI Mapping of the Blood Oxygenation Sensitive Parameter T2* in the Kidney: Basic Concept Lu-Ping Li, Bradley Hack, Erdmann Seeliger, and Pottumarthi V. Prasad
• 11. Renal Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) for Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC), Intra Voxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM), and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI): Basic Concept Neil Peter Jerome, Anna Caroli, and Alexandra Ljimani
• 12. Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE)-MRI Derived Renal Perfusion and Filtration: Basic Concepts Michael Pedersen, Pietro Irrera, Walter Dastru, Frank G. Zoellner, Kevin M. Bennett, Scott C. Beeman, G. Larry Bretthorst, Joel R. Garbow, and Dario Livio Longo
• 13. Non-Invasive Renal Perfusion Measurement Using Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) MRI: Basic Concept Min-Chi Ku, Maria A. Fernandez-Seara, Frank Kober, and Thoralf Niendorf
• 14. Renal pH Imaging Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST)-MRI: Basic Concepts Dario Livio Longo, Pietro Irrera, Lorena Consolino, Phillip Zhe Sun, and Michael T. McMahon
• 15. Sodium (23Na) MRI of the Kidney: Basic Concept James T. Grist, Esben Sovso Hansen, Frank G. Zoellner, and Christoffer Laustsen
• 16. Hyperpolarized Carbon (13C) MRI of the Kidneys: Basic Concepts Cornelius von Morze, Galen D. Reed, Zhen J. Wang, Michael A. Ohliger, and Christoffer Laustsen
• 17. Functional Imaging Using Fluorine (19F) MR Methods: Basic Concepts Sonia Waiczies, Christian Prinz, Ludger Starke, Jason M. Millward, Paula Ramos Delgado, Jens Rosenberg, Marc Nazare, Helmar Waiczies, Andreas Pohlmann, and Thoralf Niendorf
• 18. MR Elastography of the Abdomen: Basic Concepts Suraj D. Serai and Meng Yin Part IV Experimental Protocols
• 19. Monitoring Renal Hemodynamics and Oxygenation by Invasive Probes: Experimental Protocol Kathleen Cantow, Mechthild Ladwig-Wiegard, Bert Flemming, Andreas Pohlmann, Thoralf Niendorf, and Erdmann Seeliger
• 20. Essential Practical Steps for MRI of the Kidney in Experimental Research Andreas Pohlmann, Joao S. Periquito, and Thoralf Niendorf
• 21. Assessment of Renal Volume with MRI: Experimental Protocol Andreas Muller and Martin Meier
• 22. Experimental Protocols for MRI Mapping of Renal T1 Philippe Garteiser, Octavia Bane, Sabrina Doblas, Iris Friedli, Stefanie Hectors, Gwenael Page, Bernard E. Van Beers, and John C. Waterton
• 23. Experimental Protocols for MRI Mapping of the Blood Oxygenation Sensitive Parameters T2* and T2 in the Kidney Andreas Pohlmann, Kaixuan Zhao, Sean B. Fain, Pottumarthi V. Prasad, and Thoralf Niendorf
• 24. Renal MRI Diffusion: Experimental Protocol Joao S. Periquito, Martin Meier, Thoralf Niendorf, Andreas Pohlmann, and Neil Peter Jerome
• 25. Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE)-MRI Derived Renal Perfusion and Filtration: Experimental Protocol Pietro Irrera, Lorena Consolino, Walter Dastru, Michael Pedersen, Frank G. Zoellner, Dario Livio Longo
• 26. Renal Blood Flow Using Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL)-MRI: Experimental Protocol and Principles Kai-Hsiang Chuang, Martin Meier, Maria A. Fernandez-Seara, Frank Kober, and Min-Chi Ku
• 27. Renal pH Mapping Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST)-MRI: Experimental Protocol Kowsalya Devi Pavuluri, Lorena Consolino, Dario Livio Longo, Pietro Irrera, Phillip Zhe Sun, and Michael T. McMahon
• 28. Sodium (23Na) MRI of the Kidney: Experimental Protocol James T. Grist, Esben Sovso Hansen, Frank G. Zoellner, and Christoffer Laustsen
• 29. Hyperpolarized Carbon (13C) MRI of the Kidney: Experimental Protocol Christoffer Laustsen, Cornelius von Morze, and Galen Reed
• 30. Fluorine (19F) MRI for Assessing Inflammatory Cells in the Kidney: Experimental Protocol Min-Chi Ku, Adrian Schreiber, Paula Ramos Delgado, Philipp Boehm-Sturm, Ralph Kettritz, Thoralf Niendorf, Andreas Pohlmann, and Sonia Waiczies
• 31. Fluorine (19F) MRI to Measure Renal Oxygen Tension and Blood Volume: Experimental Protocol Lingzhi Hu, Hua Pan, and Samuel A. Wickline
• 32. MR Elastography of the Abdomen: Experimental Protocols Suraj D. Serai and Meng Yin Part V Protocols for Advanced Analyses
• 33. Subsegmentation of the Kidney in Experimental MR Images Using Morphology-Based Regions-of-Interest or Multiple-Layer Concentric Objects Leili Riazy, Bastien Milani, Joao S. Periquito, Kathleen Cantow, Thoralf Niendorf, Menno Pruijm, Erdmann Seeliger, and Andreas Pohlmann
• 34. De-Noising for Improved Parametric MRI of the Kidney: Protocol for Non-Local Means Filtering Ludger Starke, Karsten Tabelow, Thoralf Niendorf, and Andreas Pohlmann
• 35. Analysis Protocols for MRI Mapping of Renal T1 Philippe Garteiser, Gwenael Page, Sabrina Doblas, Octavia Bane, Stefanie Hectors, Iris Friedli, Bernard E. Van Beers, and John C. Waterton
• 36. Analysis Protocols for MRI Mapping of the Blood Oxygenation Sensitive Parameters T2* and T2 in the Kidney Joao S. Periquito, Ludger Starke, Carlota M. Santos, Andreia C. Freitas, Nuno Loucao, Pablo Garcia Polo, Rita G. Nunes, Thoralf Niendorf, and Andreas Pohlmann
• 37. Analysis of Renal Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) Using Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and Intra Voxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Models Neil Peter Jerome and Joao S. Periquito
• 38. Analysis Protocol for Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE)-MRI of Renal Perfusion and Filtration Frank G. Zoellner, Walter Dastru, Pietro Irrera, Dario Livio Longo, Kevin M. Bennett, Scott C. Beeman, G. Larry Bretthorst, and Joel R. Garbow
• 39. Quantitative Analysis of Renal Perfusion by Arterial Spin Labeling Kai-Hsiang Chuang, Frank Kober, and Min-Chi Ku
• 40. Analysis Protocol for the Quantification of Renal pH Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST)-MRI Hahnsung Kim, Yin Wu, Daisy Villano, Dario Livio Longo, Michael T. McMahon, and Phillip Zhe Sun
• 41. Analysis Protocol for Renal Sodium (23Na) MR Imaging James T. Grist, Esben Sovso Hansen, Frank G. Zoellner, and Christoffer Laustsen
• 42. Analysis Methods for Hyperpolarized Carbon (13C) MRI of the Kidney Galen D. Reed, Natalie J. Korn, Christoffer Laustsen, and Cornelius von Morze
• 43. Data Preparation Protocol for Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio Fluorine-19 MRI Ludger Starke, Thoralf Niendorf, and Sonia Waiczies Subject Index List...
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This Open Access volume provides readers with an open access protocol collection and wide-ranging recommendations for preclinical renal MRI used in translational research. The chapters in this book are interdisciplinary in nature and bridge the gaps between physics, physiology, and medicine. They are designed to enhance training in renal MRI sciences and improve the reproducibility of renal imaging research. Chapters provide guidance for exploring, using and developing small animal renal MRI in your laboratory as a unique tool for advanced in vivo phenotyping, diagnostic imaging, and research into potential new therapies. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Preclinical MRI of the Kidney: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource and will be of importance to anyone interested in the preclinical aspect of renal and cardiorenal diseases in the fields of physiology, nephrology, radiology, and cardiology. This publication is based upon work from COST Action PARENCHIMA, supported by European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). COST (www.cost.eu) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. COST Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation. PARENCHIMA (renalmri.org) is a community-driven Action in the COST program of the European Union, which unites more than 200 experts in renal MRI from 30 countries with the aim to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)