• 1: Ethnicity in seventeenth-century English America, 1600-1700 / Carol Berkin
• 2: Ethnicity in eighteenth-century North America, 1701-1788 / Graham Russell Hodges
• 3: The limits of equality: racial and ethnic tensions in the new republic, 1789-1836 / Marion R. Casey
• 4: Racial and ethnic identity in the United States, 1837-1877 / Michael Miller Topp
• 5: Race, nation, and citizenship in late nineteenth-century America, 1878-1900 / Mae M. Ngai
• 6: The critical period: ethnic emergence and reaction, 1901-1929 / Andrew R. Heinze
• 7: Changing racial meanings: race and ethnicity in the United States, 1930-1964 / Thomas A. Guglielmo and Earl Lewis
• 8: Racial and ethnic relations in America, 1965-2000 / Timothy J. Meagher.

All historians would agree that America is a nation of nations. But what does that mean in terms of the issues that have moved and shaped us as a people? Contemporary concerns such as bilingualism, incorporation/assimilation, dual identity, ethnic politics, quotas and affirmative action, residential segregation, and the volume of immigration resonate with a past that has confronted variations of these modern issues. The Columbia Documentary History of Race and Ethnicity in America, written and compiled by a highly respected team of American historians under the editorship of Ronald Bayor, illuminates the myriad ways in which immigration, racial, and ethnic histories have shaped the contours of contemporary American society. This invaluable resource documents all eras of the American past, including black-white interactions and the broad spectrum of American attitudes and reactions concerning Native Americans, Irish Catholics, Mexican Americans, Jewish Americans, and other groups. Each of the eight chronological chapters contains a survey essay, an annotated bibliography, and 20 to 30 related public and private primary source documents, including manifestos, speeches, court cases, letters, memoirs, and much more. From the 1655 petition of Jewish merchants regarding the admission of Jews to the New Netherlands colony to an interview with a Chinese American worker regarding a 1938 strike in San Francisco, documents are drawn from a variety of sources and allow students and others direct access to our past. Selections include * Powhatan to John Smith, 1609 * Thomas Jefferson-"Notes on the State of Virginia" * Petition of the Trustees of Congregation Shearith Israel, 1811 * Bessie Conway or, The Irish Girl in America * German Society in Chicago, Annual Report, 1857-1858. * "Mark Twain's Salutation to the Century" * W. E. B. DuBois, "Of Our Spiritual Strivings" * NAACP on Black Schoolteachers'Fight for Equal Pay * Malcom X speech, 1964 * Hewy Newton interview and Black Panther Party platform * Preamble-La Raza Unida Party * Lee lacocca speech to Ethnic Heritage Council of the Pacific Northwest, 1984 * Native American Graves and Repatriation Act, 1990 * L.A. riot-from the Los Angeles Times, May 3, 15, 1992; Nov. 16, 19, 1992 * Asian American Political Alliance * President Clinton's Commission on Race, Town Meeting, 1997 * Louis Farrakhan-"The Vision for the Million Man March".
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The only association where black men and white men mingle on a foot of equality
• Comradeship tried : the GAR in the South
• The African American post
• The black GAR circle
• Heirs of these dead heroes : African Americans and the battle for memory
• Memorial Day in black and white
• Where separate Grand Army posts are unknown, as colored and white are united : the integrated post
• Community, memory, and the integrated post
• Comrades bound by memories many
• And if spared and growing older
• Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable : what they remembered they won
• The won cause at century's end
• A story of a slaveholding society that became a servant of freedom : the won cause in the twentieth century
• Epilogue: all one that day if never again : the final days of the GAR
• Appendix 1: African American GAR posts
• Appendix 2: Integrated GAR posts.

In the years after the Civil War, black and white Union soldiers who survived the horrific struggle joined the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR)--the Union army's largest veterans' organization. In this thoroughly researched and groundbreaking study, Barbara Gannon chronicles black and white veterans' efforts to create and sustain the nation's first interracial organization. According to the conventional view, the freedoms and interests of African American veterans were not defended by white Union veterans after the war, despite the shared tradition of sacrifice among both black and white soldiers. In The Won Cause , however, Gannon challenges this scholarship, arguing that although black veterans still suffered under the contemporary racial mores, the GAR honored its black members in many instances and ascribed them a greater equality than previous studies have shown. Using evidence of integrated posts and veterans' thoughts on their comradeship and the cause, Gannon reveals that white veterans embraced black veterans because their membership in the GAR demonstrated that their wartime suffering created a transcendent bond--comradeship--that overcame even the most pernicious social barrier--race-based separation. By upholding a more inclusive memory of a war fought for liberty as well as union, the GAR's ""Won Cause"" challenged the Lost Cause version of Civil War memory.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Acknowledgments, ; Introduction; Abbreviations;
• 1. Continuity and Context: An Overview of Coloured Identity in White Supremacist South Africa;
• 2. History from the Margins: Changing Perceptions of Its Past within the Coloured Community;
• 3. The Predicament of Marginality: Case Studies from the Earlier Period of White Rule;
• 4. The Hegemony of Race: Coloured Identity within the Radical Movement during the Mid-twentieth Century;
• 5. The Emperor's New Clothes: Coloured Rejectionism during the Latter Phases of the Apartheid Era.

• 6. New Responses to Old Dilemmas: Coloured Identity in a Transforming South AfricaNotes; Select Bibliography; Index.

The concept of Colouredness-being neither white nor black-has been pivotal to the brand of racial thinking particular to South African society. The nature of Coloured identity and its heritage of oppression has always been a matter of intense political and ideological contestation. Not White Enough, Not Black Enough: Racial Identity in the South African Coloured Community is the first systematic study of Coloured identity, its history, and its relevance to South African national life. Mohamed Adhikari engages with the debates and controversies thrown up by the identity's t.

• Voices of slavery
• Owning slaves
• The Civil War in Arkansas and the refashioning of black identity
• Reconstruction
• Redeemers
• The coming of Jim Crow
• Jeff Davis and his legacy
• The Elaine race massacres
• The aftermath of the Elaine race massacres and the twenties
• The Great Depression and the Southern Tenant Farmer's Union
• The beginning challenge to Jim Crow
• Brown v. Board of Education and the Central High crisis
• Wandering in the wilderness of race : 1957-1960
• The Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee years
• Brothers against brothers
• The impact of the death of Martin Luther King Jr.
• Marianna
• The seventies : no rest for those weary of race
• The eighties and nineties : so far to go
• Race relations in the twenty-first century.

From the Civil War to Reconstruction, the Redeemer period, Jim Crow, and the modern civil rights era to the present, Ruled by Race describes the ways that race has been at the center of much of the state's formation and image since its founding. Grif Stockley uses the work of published and unpublished historians and exhaustive primary source materials along with stories from authors as diverse as Maya Angelou and E. Lynn Harris to bring to life the voices of those who have both studied and lived the racial experience in Arkansas. --From publisher's description.

• Part I: Creating the Paradigm: Racial Hierarchy1. Constructing Racial Categories from the Nation's Founding to the Civil War
• 2. Maintaining White Dominance during Reconstruction3. Preventing Black Excellence between Plessy and BrownPart II: Sustaining the Paradigm: White Isolation and Black Separation and Subordination4. Maintaining Racial Segregation in Schools and Neighborhoods from Brown to the 21st Century
• 5. Victimizing Blacks in the 21st Century Part III: Ending the Paradigm: Building a Post-Racial America6. Black Empowerment and Self-Help7. Integration and Equality.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

A provocative, and timely, solution for ridding America of the traces of Jim Crow policies to create a truly post-racial landscape When America inaugurated its first African American president, in 2009, many wondered if the country had finally become a "post-racial" society. Was this the dawning of a new era, in which America, a nation nearly severed in half by slavery, and whose racial fault lines are arguably among its most enduring traits, would at last move beyond race with the election of Barack Hussein Obama? In Ghosts of Jim Crow, F. Michael Higginbotham convincingly argues that America remains far away from that imagined utopia. Indeed, the shadows of Jim Crow era laws and attitudes continue to perpetuate insidious, systemic prejudice and racism in the 21st century. Higginbotham's extensive research demonstrates how laws and actions have been used to maintain a racial paradigm of hierarchy and separation-both historically, in the era of lynch mobs and segregation, and today-legally, economically, educationally and socially. Using history as a roadmap, Higginbotham arrives at a provocative solution for ridding the nation of Jim Crow's ghost, suggesting that legal and political reform can successfully create a post-racial America, but only if it inspires whites and blacks to significantly alter behaviors and attitudes of race-based superiority and victimization. He argues that America will never achieve its full potential unless it truly enters a post-racial era, and believes that time is of the essence as competition increases globally.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• ""Cover""; ""Contents""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""List of Hopkinsville Informants""; ""Introduction""; ""1. Mr. Jack Johnson and Me""; ""2. The Werewolf of Woolworth's""; ""3. Knee Baby Watkins""; ""4. Cousin Blind Mary""; ""5. Papa Was a Democrat""; ""6. Mr. Beefer Jones""; ""7. High on the Hog""; ""8. The Birth of a Notion""; ""9. Rat Joiner Whips the Kaiser""; ""10. The Revolt of the Evil Fairies""; ""Notes""; ""Sources""

Preserving an engaging, little-known slice of American life, "The Dark Side of Hopkinsville" is a collection of ten picaresque tales bearing witness to a black child's life in a southern town at the turn of the century.Born and reared in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, Ted Poston (1906-1974) became the first black career-long reporter for a major metropolitan daily (the "New York Post") and served as a member of Franklin D. Roosevelt's "Negro Cabinet" in Washington in 1940. After thirty-five years at the "Post, " Poston was without question the "Dean of Black Journalists." Acquainted with the major figures of the Harlem Renaissance, Poston regaled his associates with tales of his childhood. These memories resulted in the stories collected in "The Dark Side of Hopkinsville." Told from the vantage point of "Ted, " a bright, high-spirited student at Booker T. Washington Colored Grammar School, the stories focus on a coterie of imaginative children, their entertainments and games, ties to the church, and relations with immediate and extended families. The memorable, recurring characters in the stories are based on individuals Poston knew: Cousin Blind Mary, a fortune teller who can see into someone's future only after consulting with the servants of the family in question; Ted's father, Ephraim, "the only Negro Democrat in our Hopkinsville, Kentucky, or in the whole state of Kentucky for that matter"; Fertilizer Ferguson, whom Ted credits with coining the phrase "eating higher up on the hog"; and Ted's schoolmate Knee Baby Watkins, the "catalytic agent who precipitated the most disasterous social feud in the history of Hopkinsville." Though the presence of prejudice--both within and outside the race--is acknowledged throughout the stories, that social reality does not lessen the characters' exuberant enjoyment of being young. After watching Bronco Billy and his black sidekick, Pistol Pete, at the nickel movie on Saturdays, Ted and his friends make Pistol Pete the hero and Bronco Billy the sidekick of their games in "The Werewolf of Woolworth's." In "The Revolt of the Evil Fairies, " Ted uses Palmer's Skin Success ("guaranteed to give you a light complexion in just seven days") so that he can play Prince Charming opposite his fair-skinned sweetheart in the school play. Kathleen A. Hauke has annotated the stories with recollections of the author's family and friends, who are often major characters in the stories. An extended biographical and critical introduction offers background information on the life and work of Ted Poston, and on old Hopkinsville and its residents.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; List of Illustrations and Maps; List of Tables; Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1 SLAVERY IN EARLY NATIONAL BALTIMORE AND RURAL MARYLAND; 2 INDUSTRIAL SLAVERY IN BALTIMORE; 3 THE BLACK DRIVE FOR AUTONOMY AND MASTERS' RESPONSES; 4 MANUMISSION AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF SLAVERY; 5 FREE BLACK FAMILY STRATEGIES FOR GAINING FREEDOM; 6 POLITICAL-ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND FREE BLACKS; Conclusions; Appendix A: Baltimore Slaveholders, 1790-1820; Appendix B: Occupational Categories; Appendix C: Sale Prices of Term Slaves and Slaves for Life; Notes; Bibliography; Index; A; B.

• Cd; e; f; g; h; i; j; k; l; m; n; o; p; q; r; s; t; u; v; w; z.

A stereotypical image of manumission is that of a benign plantation owner freeing his slaves on his deathbed. But as Stephen Whitman demonstrates, the truth was far more complex, especially in border states where manumission was much more common. Whitman analyzes the economic and social history of Baltimore to show how the vigorous growth of the city required the exploitation of rural slaves. To prevent them from escaping and to spur higher production, owners entered into arrangements with their slaves, promising eventual freedom in return for many years' hard work. The Price of Freedom reveals how blacks played a critical role in freeing themselves from slavery. Yet it was an imperfect victory. Once Baltimore's economic growth began to slow, freed blacks were virtually excluded from craft apprenticeships, and European immigrants supplanted them as a trained labor force.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; List of Illustrations and Maps; List of Tables; Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1 SLAVERY IN EARLY NATIONAL BALTIMORE AND RURAL MARYLAND; 2 INDUSTRIAL SLAVERY IN BALTIMORE; 3 THE BLACK DRIVE FOR AUTONOMY AND MASTERS' RESPONSES; 4 MANUMISSION AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF SLAVERY; 5 FREE BLACK FAMILY STRATEGIES FOR GAINING FREEDOM; 6 POLITICAL-ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND FREE BLACKS; Conclusions; Appendix A: Baltimore Slaveholders, 1790-1820; Appendix B: Occupational Categories; Appendix C: Sale Prices of Term Slaves and Slaves for Life; Notes; Bibliography; Index; A; B.

• Cd; e; f; g; h; i; j; k; l; m; n; o; p; q; r; s; t; u; v; w; z.

A stereotypical image of manumission is that of a benign plantation owner freeing his slaves on his deathbed. But as Stephen Whitman demonstrates, the truth was far more complex, especially in border states where manumission was much more common. Whitman analyzes the economic and social history of Baltimore to show how the vigorous growth of the city required the exploitation of rural slaves. To prevent them from escaping and to spur higher production, owners entered into arrangements with their slaves, promising eventual freedom in return for many years' hard work. The Price of Freedom reveals how blacks played a critical role in freeing themselves from slavery. Yet it was an imperfect victory. Once Baltimore's economic growth began to slow, freed blacks were virtually excluded from craft apprenticeships, and European immigrants supplanted them as a trained labor force.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Evidences of important changes in its ideals
• New energy is evident in Virginia
• Durham and the famous Duke Family
• Tolerance shown in North Carolina
• In the mill region of South Carolina
• Is the southern black man "making good"?
• Florida recovering from its depression
• Progress as noted in rural Aabama
• The present and the future of Birmingham
• Fiery Governor Vardaman of Mississippi
• Mississippi's land awaiting improvement
• What the levees are worth to Mississippi
• New Orleans and its bright future
• Texas, the land of mighty contrasts
• The awakening of Texas in agriculture
• On the vast plains of southern Texas
• Educational endowments in Texas
• Texas as a grain-growing state
• Unreliable labor responsible for its backwardness
• Rehabilitation is now almost complete.

In 1904 William Garrott Brown traveled the American South, investigating the region's political, economic, and social conditions. Using the pen name "Stanton, " Brown published twenty epistles in the Boston Evening Transcript detailing his observations. The South at Work is a compilation of these newspaper articles, providing a valuable snapshot of the South as it was simultaneously emerging from post-Civil War economic depression and imposing on African Americans the panoply of Jim Crow laws and customs that sought to exclude them from all but the lowest rungs of southern society. A Harvard-educated historian and journalist originally from Alabama, Brown had been commissioned by the Evening Transcript to visit a wide range of locations and to chronicle the region with a greater depth than that of typical travelers' accounts. Some articles featured familiar topics such as a tobacco warehouse in Durham, North Carolina; a textile mill in Columbia, South Carolina; and the vast steel mills at Birmingham. However, Brown also covered atypical enterprises such as citrus farming in Florida, the King Ranch in Texas, and the New Orleans Cotton Exchange. To add perspective, he talked to businessmen and politicians, as well as everyday workers. In addition to describing the importance of diversifying the South's agricultural economy beyond cotton, Brown addressed race relations and the role of politicians such as James K. Vardaman of Mississippi, the growth of African American communities such as Hayti in Durham, and the role universities played in changing the intellectual climate of the South. The editor, Bruce E. Baker, has written an introduction and provided thorough annotations for each of Brown's letters. Baker demonstrates the value of the collection as it touches on racism, moderate progressivism, and accommodation with the political status quo in the South. Baker and Brown's combined work makes The South at Work one of the most detailed and interesting portraits of the region at the beginning of the twentieth century. Publication in book form makes The South at Work conveniently available to students and scholars of modern southern and American history.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Violence in the American South
• American Indians, Violence against
• Arson
• Black armed resistance
• Blood sports
• Capital punishment
• Church burnings
• Civil rights, Federal enforcement
• Civil rights-era violence
• Civil War
• Corporal punishment in schools
• Criminal justice through the civil rights era
• Dueling
• Feuds and feuding
• Films about lynching
• Films about prison
• Guns
• Homicide
• Honor
• Hunting
• Labor violence
• Literature, Violence in
• Lynching
• Memory
• Mexican Americans, Violence towards
• Militarism
• Nonviolent protest (Civil disobedience)
• Organized crime
• Outlaw-heroes
• Peonage
• Police brutality
• Prisons
• Race riots
• Rape
• Reconstruction-era violence
• Religion and violence
• Slave culture, Violence within
• Slave patrols
• Slave revolts
• Slaves, Violence toward
• Song, Black, Violence in
• Song, White, Violence in
• Southwestern violence
• Suicide
• Vigilantism
• Alamo
• American Indian blood revenge
• American Indian slave trade
• Ames, Jessie Daniel
• Andersonville Prison
• Angola Prison (Louisiana State Penitentiary)
• Antiabortion violence
• Antilynching activism
• Atlanta (Georgia) race riots (1906)
• Bacon's Rebellion
• Birmingham Church Bombing
• The birth of a nation
• Black militias
• "Bonnie and Clyde"
• Bowie knife
• Byrd, James, Murder of
• Chain gang
• Convict leasing
• Copeland, James
• Cortez, Gregorio
• Deliverance
• Donald, Michael, Lynching of
• Elaine (Arkansas) Massacre (1919)
• Evers, Medgar, Assassination of
• Filibusters
• Forrest, Nathan Bedford
• Frank, Leo
• Greensboro (North Carolina) Massacre (1979)
• Guerrilla bands
• Harlan County, Kentucky
• Hatfields and McCoys
• James Brothers
• King, MartinLutherr, Jr., Assassination of
• Knights of the Golden Circle
• Ku Klux Klan, Civil Rights Era to the present
• Ku Klux Klan, Reconstruction-era
• Ku Klux Klan, Second (1915-1944)
• Long, Huey, Assassination of
• Lynching photography
• Night Riders
• Orangeburg (South Carolina) Massacre (1968)
• Parchman Mississippii State Penitentiary)
• Redfield, H.V.
• Regulator movement
• Rosewood (Florida) Incident (1923)
• Scottsboro Case
• Sumner-Brooks Affair
• Texas Rangers
• Till, Emmett
• Trail of Tears
• Tulsa (Oklahoma) Race Riot (1921)
• Turner, Nat
• Waco Siege (Branch Davidians)
• Wells-Barnett, Ida B.
• Whitecappers
• Wilmington (North Carolina) Race Riot (1898)
• Index of contributors
• Index.

Much of the violence that has been associated with the United States has had particular salience for the South, from its high homicide rates, or its bloody history of racial conflict, to southerners' popular attachment to guns and traditional support for capital punishment. With over 95 entries, this volume of The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture explores the most significant forms and many of the most harrowing incidences of violence that have plagued southern society over the past 300 years. Following a detailed overview by editor Amy Wood, the volume explores a wide range of topics, such as violence against and among American Indians, labor violence, arson, violence and memory, suicide, and anti-abortion violence. Taken together, these entries broaden our understanding of what has driven southerners of various classes and various ethnicities to commit acts of violence, while addressing the ways in which southerners have conceptualized that violence, responded to it, or resisted it. This volume enriches our understanding of the culture of violence and its impact on ideas about law and crime, about historical tradition and social change, and about race and gender--not only in the South but in the nation as a whole.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)