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"In Before Enlightenment: Play and Illusion in Renaissance Humanism, Timothy Kircher argues for new ways of appreciating Renaissance humanist philosophy. Literary qualities - tone, voice, persona, style, imagery - composed a core of their philosophizing, so that play and illusion, as well as rational certainty, formed pre-Enlightenment ideas about knowledge, ethics, and metaphysics. Before Enlightenment takes issue with the long-standing view of humanism's philosophical mediocrity. It shows new features of Renaissance culture that help explain the origins not only of Enlightenment rationalists, but also of early modern novelists and essayists. If humanist writings promoted objective knowledge based on reason's supremacy over emotion, they also showed awareness of one's place and play in the world. The animal rationale is also the homo ludens"-- Provided by publisher.

• Introduction: Reanimating Art--
• 1. Human Animals--
• 2. Surrealism Into Cobra--
• 3. War, Memory, and Renewal--
• 4. Expression for All--
• 5. Coda: New Networks.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book examines the art of Cobra, a network of poets and artists from Copenhagen, Brussels, and Amsterdam (1948-1951). Although the name stood for the organizers' home cities, the Cobra artists hailed from countries in Europe, Africa, and the United States. This book investigates how a group of struggling young artists attempted to reinvent the international avant-garde after the devastation of the Second World War, to create artistic experiments capable of facing the challenges of postwar society. It explores how Cobra's experimental, often collective art works and publications relate to broader debates in Europe about the use of images to commemorate violent events, the possibility of free expression in an art world constrained by Cold War politics, the breakdown of primitivism in an era of colonial independence movements, and the importance of spontaneity in a society increasingly dominated by the mass media. This book will be of interest to scholars in art history, 20th-century modern art, avant-garde arts, and European history.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This companion volume seeks to trace the development of ideas relating to death, burial, and the remembrance of the dead in Europe between ca. 1300 and 1700. Examining attitudes to death from a range of disciplinary perspectives, it synthesises current trends in scholarship, challenging the old view that the Black Death and the Protestant Reformations fundamentally altered ideas about death. Instead, it shows how people prepared for death; how death and dying were imagined in art and literature; and how practices and beliefs appeared, disappeared, changed, or strengthen over time as different regions and communities reacted to the changing world around them. Overall, it serves as an indispensable introduction to the subject of death, burial, and commemoration in thirteenth to eighteenth century Europe. Contributors: Ruth Atherton, Stephen Bates, Philip Booth, Zachary Chitwood, Ralph Dekoninck, Freddy C. Dominguez, Anna M. Duch, Jackie Eales, Madeleine Gray, Polina Ignatova, Robert Marcoux, Christopher Ocker, Gordon D. Raeburn, Ludwig Steindorff, Elizabeth Tingle, and Christina Welch.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Politics, Religion, and Music at the Early Modern Habsburg Courts : Some Context / Paula Sutter Fichtner with Andrew H. Weaver
• Institutional Contexts. The Court Chapels of the Habsburg-Burgundian Line : From Emperor Maximilian I to Emperor Charles V / Honey Meconi ; The Court Chapels of the Spanish Line : From King Philip II to King Charles II / Pablo L. Rodriguez ; The Court Chapels of the Austrian Line (I) : From Emperor Ferdinand I to Emperor Matthias 131 / Jonas Pfohl ; The Court Chapels of the Austrian Line (II) : From Archduke Charles II to Emperor Leopold I / Lawrence Bennett, Steven Saunders, and Andrew H. Weaver ; The Court Chapels of the Tyrolean Line : From Archduke Ferdinand II to Archduke Ferdinand Charles / Sara Pecknold
• Cultural Contexts. Italian Musical Dramatic Genres at the Courts of the Austrian Habsburgs / Herbert Seifert ; Festivity and Spectacle at the Spanish Royal Court / Louise K. Stein ; Contexts for and Functions of Instrumental Music in Central Europe / Charles E. Brewer ; Manuscript Culture : The Habsburg-Burgundian Scriptorium and Some Successors / Honey Meconi ; Print Culture : Printed Music and Other Media in the Service of the Habsbliberurgs / Andrew H. Weaver ; Colonialism and Music in Habsburg New Spain / Drew Edward Davies
• International Contexts. Die Teutsche Nation : Musical Links between the Habsburg Courts and the German States of the Empire / Alexander J. Fisher ; Milan : Imperial City and 'Theatre of the World' / Christine Getz ; Musical Connections between the Austrian Habsburgs and Venice in the Late Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries / Beth L. Glixon, Jeffrey Kurtzman, and Steven Saunders ; A Tale of Two entrate : Processions, Politics, and Patronage for the Habsburgs in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Rome / Virginia Christy Lamothe

"A Companion to Music at the Habsburgs Courts in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, edited by Andrew H. Weaver, is the first in-depth survey of Habsburg musical patronage over a broad timeframe. Bringing together existing research and drawing upon primary sources, the authors, all established experts, provide overviews of the musical institutions, the functions of music, the styles and genres cultivated, and the historical, political, and cultural contexts for music at the Habsburg courts. The wide geographical scope includes the imperial courts in Vienna and Prague, the royal court in Madrid, the archducal courts in Graz and Innsbruck, and others. This broad view of Habsburg musical activities affirms the dynasty's unique position in the cultural life of early modern Europe. Contributors are Lawrence Bennett, Charles E. Brewer, Drew Edward Davies, Paula Sutter Fichtner, Alexander J. Fisher, Christine Getz, Beth L. Glixon, Jeffrey Kurtzman, Virginia Christy Lamothe, Honey Meconi, Sara Pecknold, Jonas Pfohl, Pablo L. Rodríguez, Steven Saunders, Herbert Seifert, Louise K. Stein, and Andrew H. Weaver"-- Provided by publisher

• Courts and judicial reforms / Ragna Aarli and Anne Sanders
• China / Ragna Aarli
• Germany / Reinhard Gaier and Anne Sanders
• Slovenia / Nina Betetto
• England and Wales / Right Hon Sir Richard Aikens
• Norway / Wenche Elizabeth Arntzen and Ragna Aarli
• Comparative reflections the role of the judge in the melting pot / Ragna Aarli
• Litigation explosion and reactions from courts in China / Weidong Chen
• A study of the tripartite powers in reforms to the judicial power operation system in China / Lei Du
• The love triangle? The German federal constitutional court and its two European neighbours / Vanessa Hellmann
• Judicial case management and loyal cooperation towards harmonized European rules of civil procedure / Remco van Rhee
• Court management for sustainable judiciary : the case of Switzerland / Andreas Lienhard
• Conclusions and outlook / Ragna Aarli Anne.

"The challenges courts face today all over the world can only be solved in close cooperation between judges and academics which crosses national borders. The anthology brings judges and academics together for a dialogue on judicial reforms. The book presents contributions by the judges on their judicial systems (China, Germany, Slovenia, England and Wales and Norway). The contributions by the academics take up different themes which have emerged in the country reports: The topics include comparative, normative and organisational perspectives on national court systems as well as international perspectives on courts as guarantors of individual rights in an increasingly globalised rule-of-law framework"-- Provided by publisher.

• Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Abbreviations
• 1 Stigmatics Tine Van Osselaer, Leonardo Rossi and Kristof Smeyers, in collaboration with Andrea Graus
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Tracing Stigmata
• 3 The Invention of "Stigmatics"
• 4 Building Blocks
• 2 Saints and Celebrities Tine Van Osselaer
• 1 Saints in the Spotlight
• 2 The Scale of Fame: Transnational and Comparative Approach
• 3 Religious Celebrities
• 4 An Interactive Approach
• 3 On Stigmata, Suffering and Sanctity Tine Van Osselaer
• 1 Theodor Nolde's Visit
• 2 The "Spectacle" of the Holy Wounds
• 3 The Meaning of Suffering
• 4 The Effect of Suffering on the Visitors
• 4 Visiting Stigmatics and Their Promotion from the Ground Up: The Devotees, the Unofficial Movements and the Episcopate in France Andrea Graus
• 1 French Stigmatics and Visitors' Expectations
• 2 Inside the Fridays of Passion
• 3 The Diocesan Response to the Visits
• 4 The Visitors' Unofficial Movements
• 5 Conclusions
• 5 Selling Sensation, Creating Sanctity: The Visual and Material Culture of "Stigmatics" Tine Van Osselaer
• 1 In the Public Eye
• 2 Commerce and Devotion
• 3 Capturing Corporeal Mysticism
• 4 Creativity after Death
• 5 Conclusions
• 6 Stigmatics, Politics and the Law: On Fake Stigmata and "Self-styled" Sanctity in Spain and France Andrea Graus
• 1 Stigmatics and Political Symbolism
• 2 Sor Patrocinio, Rosette Tamisier and the "Two Spains/Frances"
• 3 The Law and the Public Debunking of Stigmatics
• 4 Fake Stigmata and Self-styled Sanctity in the Anticlerical Press
• 5 Conclusions
• 7 Stigmatized Blood in the Vatican Courts: Religious Response and Strategy Leonardo Rossi
• 1 Introduction: An Ambiguous Relationship
• 2 The Vatican Perspective
• 3 Examining Stigmatics
• 4 Conclusions
• 8 Conclusion Tine Van Osselaer
• 1 A Visible Type
• 2 New Types and the Scale of Their Circulation
• 3 Suggestions for Further Research Bibliography Biographical Dictionary of Stigmatics Index of Names and Subjects.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In the nineteenth century a new type of mystic emerged in Catholic Europe. While cases of stigmatisation had been reported since the thirteenth century, this era witnessed the development of the 'stigmatic': young women who attracted widespread interest thanks to the appearance of physical stigmata. To understand the popularity of these stigmatics we need to regard them as the 'saints' and religious 'celebrities' of their time. With their 'miraculous' bodies, they fit contemporary popular ideas (if not necessarily those of the Church) of what sanctity was. As knowledge about them spread via modern media and their fame became marketable, they developed into religious 'celebrities'.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. European societies, migration, and the law: instead of an introduction Moritz Jesse-- Part I. 'Making the 'Other': The Construction of 'Otherness':
• 2. The immigrant as the 'other' Moritz Jesse--
• 3. Othering' in unconcerned democracies and the rise of anti-liberal political divisions Helena Hofmannova and Mgr. Karel Repa--
• 4. The crimmigrant other at Europe's intra-schengen borders Maartje van der Woude--
• 5. The 'others' amongst 'them' - selection categories in European resettlement and humanitarian admission programmes Natalie Welfens and Asya Pisarevskaya-- Part II. The Operation of Legal 'Othering' and the National-Foreigner-Dichotomy in the EU:
• 6. The rights of 'others' in domestic constitutions: towards an equality-based approach? Cliodhna Murphy--
• 7. Hierarchies of privilege: juxtaposing family reunification rights, integration requirements, and nationality in EU law Narin Idriz--
• 8. Alienation of 'second generation Turkish Dutch' in the name of 'integration': family reunification policies in the Netherlands Gizem Kolbasi-Muyan--
• 9. Different levels of 'legal otherness' in the context of expulsion and entry Bans Kathrin Hamenstadt--
• 10. The non-national as 'the other': what role for non-discrimination law? K. M. (Karin) de Vries-- Part III. After the Arrival of the 'Others': Reactions to the 'Refugee Crises' of
• 2015:
• 11. The reception of asylum seekers in Europe: exclusion through accommodation practices Helena Hattmannsdorfer--
• 12. Integration impossible? Ethnic nationalism and refugee integration in Bulgaria Emiliya Bratanova van Harten--
• 13. Refugees' integration into the labour market: discharging responsibility in the UK Sonia Morano-Foadi, Clara Della Croce and Peter Lugosi-- Part IV. 'Othering' in the EU:
• 14. When a country is not a home: the numbered (EU citizens) others and the quest for human dignity under Brexit Dora Kostakopoulou--
• 15. The 'market insider': market-citizenship and economic exclusion in the EU Moritz Jesse and Daniel Carter--
• 16. Inclusion and exclusion of migrant workers in the EU Daniel William Carter-- Part V. European Societies, Otherness, Migration, and the Law:
• 17. Deciphering the role of (migration) law in the social construction of 'otherness' Daniel Thym--
• 18. The 'others' amongst 'us': instead of a conclusion Moritz Jesse-- Bibliography-- Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Not a day passes without political discussion of immigration. Reception of immigrants, their treatment, strategies seeing to their inclusion, management of migration flows, limitation of their numbers, the selection of immigrants; all are ongoing dialogues. European Societies, Migration, and the Law shows that immigrants, regardless of their individual status, their different backgrounds, or their different histories and motivations to move across borders, are often seen as 'the other' to the imaginary society of nationals making up the receiving (nation-)states. This book provides insights into this issue of 'othering' in the field of immigration and asylum law and policy in Europe. It provides an introduction to the mechanisms of 'othering' and reveals strategies and philosophies which lead to the 'othering' of immigrants. It exposes the tools applied in the implementation and application of legislation that separate, deliberately or not, immigrants from the receiving society.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Frontmatter
• Contents
• Acknowledgements
• INTRODUCTION
• CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
• HOW TO USE THIS BOOK
• CARTILAGINOUS FISHES DENTITION GUIDE
• CARTILAGINOUS FISHES EGGCASE GUIDE
• CARTILAGINOUS FISHES KEY GUIDE
• CHIMAERAS CHIMAERIFORMES
• SKATES AND RAYS BATOIDEA
• STINGRAYS AND RELATED SPECIES MYLIOBATIFORMES
• SHARKS SELACHIMORPHA
• Vagrants
• APPENDICES
• Image credits
• INDEX

The definitive field guide to all the sharks, rays and chimaeras of the European Atlantic and Mediterranean The waters of the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea are home to an amazing variety of sharks, rays and chimaeras. This comprehensive and easy-to-use field guide covers all 146 species found in the Mediterranean, the waters of the European Atlantic and Iceland, along all the Scandinavian coasts, in the Black Sea and as far south as the Canary Islands. Detailed species accounts describe key identification features, habitat, biology and status. Every species account comes with a colour distribution map, a depth guide, at-a-glance icons and colour illustrations. This must-have field guide also features illustrated key guides that enable you to accurately identify down to species, comparison plates of similar species, illustrations of eggcases where known and plates of teeth. The first field guide to cover all 146 species Features hundreds of colour illustrations, photos, maps and diagrams Describes key features, habitat, biology and status Includes depth guides, at-a-glance icons, key guides and teeth plates.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Early Modern Extraterritoriality--
• 2. Historical sociology, Marxism, and law--
• 3. Social property relations--
• 4. Ambassadors--
• 5. Consuls--
• 6. Colonial practices of jurisdictional accumulation--
• 7. Analytical crossroads: Dominium, consuls, and extraterritoriality--
• 8. Conclusion-- Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The majority of European early modern empires - the Castilian, French, Dutch, and English/British - developed practices of jurisdictional accumulation, distinguished by the three categories of extensions, transports, and transplants of authority. This book is concerned with various diplomatic and colonial agents which enabled the transports and transplants of sovereign authority. Through historical analyses of ambassadors and consuls in the Mediterranean based on primary and secondary material, and on the empires' Atlantic imperial expansions and conquests, the book makes a major analytical contribution to historical sociology. As an interdisciplinary exercise in conceptual innovation based on a Political Marxist framework and its concept of social property relations, the book goes beyond common binaries in both conventional and critical histories. The new concept of jurisdictional accumulation brings ambassadors, consuls, merchants, and lawyers out of the shadows of empire and onto the main stage of the construction of modern international relations and international law.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Back and forth within imperial Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary
• Crossing inter-European borders
• Transatlantic migration patterns
• On multiple routes from, to, and within Central Europe.

"On Many Routes is about the history of human migration. With a focus on the Habsburg Empire, this innovative work presents an integrated and creative study of spatial mobilities: from short to long term, and intranational and inter-European to transatlantic. Migration was not just relegated to city folk, but likewise was the reality for rural dwellers, and we gain a better understanding of how sending and receiving states and shipping companies worked together to regulate migration and shape populations. Bringing historical census data, governmental statistics, and ship manifests into conversation with centuries-old migration patterns of servants, agricultural workers, seasonal laborers, peddlers, and artisans-both male and female-this research argues that Central Europeans have long been mobile, that this mobility has been driven by diverse motivations, and that post-1850 transatlantic migration was an obvious extension of earlier spatial mobility patterns. Demonstrating the complexity of human mobility via an exploration of the links between overseas, continental, and internal migrations, On Many Routes shows that migrations to the United States, to the nearest coalfield, and to the urban capitals are embedded within complicated patterns of movement. There is no good reason to study internal apart from transnational moves, and combining these fields brings ample possibility to make migration research more relevant for the much broader field of social and economic history. This work poses an invaluable resource to the understudied area of Habsburg Empire migration studies, which it relocates within its wider European context and provides a major methodological contribution to the history of human migration more broadly. The ubiquity and functionality of human movement sheds light on the relationship between human nature and society, and challenges simplistic notions of human mobility then and now"-- Provided by publisher.

"Examining imagery of urban space in Britain, France and West Germany up to the early 1960s, this book reveals how photography shaped individual architectural projects and national rebuilding efforts alike. Exploring the impact of urban photography at a pivotal moment in contemporary European architecture and culture, this book addresses case studies spanning the destruction of the war to the modernizing reconfiguration of city spaces, including ruin photobooks about bombed cities, architectural photography of housing projects and imagery of urban life from popular photomagazines, as well as internationally-renowned projects like UNESCO's Paris Headquarters, Coventry Cathedral and Berlin's Gedächtniskirche. This book reveals that the ways of seeing shaped in the postwar years by urban photography were a vital aspect of not only discourses on the postwar city, but also debates central to popular culture, from commemoration and modernization to democratization and Europeanization. This book will be fascinating reading for researchers in the fields of photography and visual studies, architectural and urban history, as well as cultural memory and contemporary European history"-- Provided by publisher.

• 1. Methodological Remarks on the History of Ideas vs. The History of Concepts--
• 2. From Rousseau to Sartre: Recognition and the Loss of Self--
• 3. From Hume to Mill: Recognition and Self-Control--
• 4. From Kant to Hegel: Recognition and Self-Determination--
• 5. A Historical Comparison of Recognition: An Attempt at a Systematic Summary.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The idea that we are mutually dependent on the recognition of our peers is at least as old as modernity. Across Europe, this idea has been understood in different ways from the very beginning, according to each country's different cultural and political conditions. This stimulating study explores the complex history and multiple associations of the idea of 'Recognition' in Britain, France and Germany. Demonstrating the role of 'recognition' in the production of important political ideas, Axel Honneth explores how our dependence on the recognition of others is sometimes viewed as the source of all modern, egalitarian morality, sometimes as a means for fostering socially beneficial behavior, and sometimes as a threat to 'true' individuality. By exploring this fundamental concept in our modern political and social self-understanding, Honneth thus offers an alternative view of the philosophical discourse of modernity.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

"The life of Roger Ascham (1515/16 to 1568) coincided with the reigns of four Tudor monarchs, the rise and death of Luther, the Council of Trent and the wholesale division of Christendom. He operated in arenas including Cambridge University, the Court, the Continent and the capital, and his works engaged with the most important intellectual concerns of his age, including humanism, educational reform, religion and politics. In this volume historians, literary specialists and classicists have worked together both to re-evaluate more familiar territory in Ascham's life and work and to illuminate previously untapped sources. Their essays reveal Ascham as a considerably more significant figure than previous scholarship has suggested. Two appendices provide valuable further biographical and bibliographical material"-- Provided by publisher.

• Introduction
• Dramas on favorites: history and theory
• Favorites in Spanish drama: La paciencia en la fortuna
• Favorites in French drama: Le favori, ou la coquette
• Favorites in English drama: Sejanus his fall
• Conclusion.

"Staging Favorites explores theatrical representations of royal favorites in Spanish, French, and English dramatic production during the late-sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. During this time, the courts of Spain, France, and England were dominated by all-powerful ministers who enjoyed royal favor. The politics of royal favoritism gave rise to a significant group of plays which constitutes the subject of this book. While scholars have studied this group partially and separately in national context, Staging Favorites approaches these "dramas about favorites" from a wider European point of view, and performs comparative analyses of a number of plays - including La paciencia en la fortuna; Le Favori, ou la Coquette; and Sejanus his Fall - and adds new detail and differentiation to the early modern perception and representation of the royal favorite. This book will appeal to scholars and students interested in early modern literature, history of theatre, and cultural history"-- Provided by publisher.

"This book is the first extensive study of ideas on earthquakes before the Lisbon earthquake in 1755. Earthquakes had a deep impact on pre-modern European culture and reactions to them stood in a long tradition that, before this study, had yet to be explored in detail. Thinking on Earthquakes investigates both scholarly theories and views that were propagated among the early modern European population. A range of events are explored, including the Ferrara earthquake in 1570 and the Vienna earthquake in 1590, making this study an invaluable source for students and scholars of the history of science and the history of ideas in early modern Europe"-- Provided by publisher.

"This book sheds an interdisciplinary light on 'transforming bodies': bodies that have been subjected to, contributed to, or have resisted social transformations within religious or secular contexts in contemporary Europe. It explores the intersections of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality and religion that underpin embodied transformations. Using post-secularist, postcolonial and gender/queer perspectives, it aims to gain a better understanding of the orchestrations and effects of larger social transitions related to religion. This volume is the outcome of the intensive collaboration of the authors, who for years have been meeting regularly in Utrecht, the Netherlands, to discuss themes related to religion and 'the challenge of difference', with an added afterword by Prof. Pamela Klassen from the University of Toronto. The book is divided in three subsections that focus on particular types of embodiment: body politics in governmental and NGO organisations; the role of the body in literary and/or autobiographical narratives; and ethnographic case studies of bodies in daily life. Doing so, it provides an innovative exploration of contemporary religion and the body. It will, therefore, be of great interest to scholars of Religious Studies, Gender and Sexuality Studies, Post-Colonial Studies, Anthropology, Sociology, Theology, and Philosophy"-- Provided by publisher.

• Researching natural disasters in the later Middle Ages Peter J. Brown, Paolo Forlin and Christopher M. Gerrard
• Part I: Tectonic Hazards
• Rituals of resilience: The interpretative archaeology of post-seismic recovery in medieval Europe
• Paolo Forlin
• Medieval earthquakes in Italy: Perceptions and reactions
• Bruno Figliuolo
• Seismic adaptation in the Latin churches of Cyprus
• Rory O'Neill
• Architectural heritage and ancient earthquakes in Italy: The constraints and potential of archaeoseismological research applied to medieval buildings
• Margherita Ganz and Andrea Arrighetti
• Medieval tsunamis in the Mediterranean and Atlantic: Towards an archaeological perspective
• Christopher M. Gerrard
• Volcanic eruptions and historical landscape on Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain
• Jose de Leon Hernandez
• 'The harvest of despair': Catastrophic fear and the understanding of risk in the shadow of Mount Etna, Italy
• Lauren Ware and Lee John Whittington
• Part II: Severe Storms and Hydrological Hazards
• Mitigating riverine flood risk in medieval England
• Richard Jones and Susan Kilby
• Tide and trauma: Tangible and intangible impacts of the storms of 1287 and 1288
• Peter J. Brown
• Disaster or everyday risk? Perceiving, managing and commemorating floods in medieval central Europe
• Christian Rohr
• Recovering from catastrophe: How medieval society in England coped with disasters
• Christopher Dyer
• Fear, matter and miracles: Personal protection and coping with disasters through material culture c1200 1600
• Eleanor R. Standley
• Part III: Biophysical Hazards
• Digging up the victims of the Black Death: A bioarchaeological perspective on the second plague pandemic
• Sacha Kacki
• Preserving the ordinary: Social resistance during the second pandemic plagues in the Low Countries
• Daniel R. Curtis
• Reconstructing the impact of 14th-century demographic disasters on late medieval rural communities in England
• Carenza Lewis
• Recognising catastrophic cattle-mortality events in England and their repercussions
• Louisa J. Gidney
• Medieval archaeology and natural disasters: Looking towards the future
• Paolo Forlin, Christopher M. Gerrard and Peter J. Brown
• PART IV: Catalogue
• 19. Catalogue of medieval disasters
• Peter J. Brown, Paolo Forlin and Christopher M. Gerrard
• .
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Waiting for the End of the World? addresses the archaeological, architectural, historical and geological evidence for natural disasters in the Middle Ages between the 11th and 16th centuries. This volume adopts a fresh interdisciplinary approach to explore the many ways in which environmental hazards affected European populations and, in turn, how medieval communities coped and responded to short- and long-term consequences. Three sections, which focus on geotectonic hazards (Part I), severe storms and hydrological hazards (Part II) and biophysical hazards (Part III), draw together 18 papers of the latest research while additional detail is provided in a catalogue of the 20 most significant disasters to have affected Europe during the period. These include earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, storms, floods and outbreaks of infectious diseases. Spanning Europe, from the British Isles to Italy and from the Canary Islands to Cyprus, these contributions will be of interest to earth scientists, geographers, historians, sociologists, anthropologists and climatologists, but are also relevant to students and non-specialist readers interested in medieval archaeology and history, as well as those studying human geography and disaster studies. Despite a different set of beliefs relating to the natural world and protection against environmental hazards, the evidence suggests that medieval communities frequently adopted a surprisingly 'modern', well-informed and practically minded outlook.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction: Part I. Background:
• 1. The emergence of the enemy alien--
• 2. Enemy aliens and 'civilization' in warfare--
• 3. Citizens and aliens in peacetime-- Part II. The First World War:
• 4. War, state of emergency and early measures (1914)--
• 5. Targeting internal enemies and enemy aliens (1914)--
• 6. Consolidating the policies (1915-1916)--
• 7. Repression and the economic war (1915-1917)--
• 8. Globalizing and radicalizing the policies on enemy aliens (1917-1918)--
• 9. From citizens to enemy aliens (1914-1923)-- Part III. Aftermath:
• 10. The end of the war: enemy aliens and the war's legacies (1919-1927)--
• 11. Conclusion: A prolonged state of emergency?-- Works Cited-- Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

What did it mean to be an alien, and in particular an enemy alien, in the interstate conflicts that occurred over the nineteenth century and that climaxed in the First World War? In this ambitious and broad-ranging study, Daniela L. Caglioti highlights the many ways in which belligerent countries throughout the world mobilized populations along the member/non-member divide, redefined inclusion and exclusion, and refashioned notions and practices of citizenship. She examines what it meant to be an alien in wartime, how the treatment of aliens in wartime interfered with sovereignty and the rule of law, and how that treatment affected population policies, individual and human rights, and conceptions of belonging. Concentrating on the gulf between citizens and foreigners and on the dilemma of balancing rights and security in wartime, Caglioti highlights how each country, regardless of its political system, chose national security even if this meant reducing freedom, discriminating among citizens and non-citizens, and violating international law.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Très-Chrétien contre Imperator, un jeu à deux ?
• La course à l'expansion
• Art moderne contre art antique
• Chrétienté contre Europe.

"La plupart des dates clés sont le témoin d'événements fondateurs : 476 marque la fin de l'empire romain d'Occident, 1453 la chute de Constantinople. Dans ce paysage, 1520 est l'exception qui confirme la règle. Année en suspens, elle se caractérise non par un événement majeur mais par une multiplication de faits qui font basculer le Moyen Âge dans la modernité. En 1520, les rivalités européennes s'exacerbent. Deux jeunes souverains, Charles Quint et François 1er, rêvent d'empire universel. L'Europe se fragmente, dans la magnificence du camp du Drap d'Or, alors qu'un ennemi pressant se réveille à l'Est, avec l'avènement de Soliman le Magnifique. À ces tensions s'ajoute une dynamique d'expansion : suivant l'Espagne, la France et l'Angleterre se lancent dans la conquête de nouveaux territoires tandis que le Portugal étend sa domination du Brésil à la Chine. 1520 est aussi l'année des grandes découvertes, avec Magellan, et d'une profonde mutation de la connaissance du monde. Celle-ci encourage la critique d'une société en proie au doute et aux rêves d'âge d'or, au milieu de laquelle Luther apparaît comme une force de dissolution du monde chrétien."--Page 4 of cover.

• Versailles
• Comment la France a perdu la paix
• Le Christ débarque à Brest
• Un nouvel ordre mondial ?
• Premières divisions alliées
• La bataille du Rhin
• La bataille du Rhin : une histoire allemande
• Réparations
• Foch contre Clemenceau. L'autre combat du traité de Versailles
• Dernières crises avant la signature
• L'Allemagne signera-t-elle ?
• 28 juin 1919 : "Un grand jour pour la France"
• Après la guerre, la guerre continue
• La "plus cruelle des guerres". Russie 1917-1921
• De la Baltique à la mer Noire. Entre guerre nationale et guerre civile
• Grande Pologne et petit impérialisme
• La balkanisation de l'Europe centrale
• La Petite Entente des petits vainqueurs
• Le partage de l'Empire ottoman
• Compétition impériale au Proche-Orient
• Le droit, la force et l'intérêt
• De la guerre à la révolution
• La révolution trahie
• Négocier, combattre ou isoler ? Les Alliés face au bolchevisme
• L'Internationale sera le genre humain
• Biennio Rosso. La révolution manquée
• Conclusion de la troisième partie
• La révolution n'aura pas lieu
• Conclusion. La faute à Versailles ?

"Le 11 novembre 1918, au matin, Georges Clemenceau déclare à son chef de cabinet : "Nous avons gagné la guerre, il nous faut maintenant gagner la paix, et ce sera plus dur encore." En effet, outre la mauvaise volonté allemande, il faudra non seulement compter avec la diplomatie d'équilibre des Britanniques qui ne veulent pas trop affaiblir l'Allemagne au profit de la France, mais aussi avec les ambitions du président américain Wilson dont les grands principes démocratiques privent les Européens de toute politique d'annexion. Loin d'être à l'apaisement, ces années méconnues sont marquées par le trouble et l'incertitude. La guerre continue à l'Est, dans les pays baltes en 1919, entre la Pologne et la Russie de 1920 à 1921, entre les Turcs et les Grecs de 1919 à 1922, tandis que la guerre civile en Russie cause la mort de 5 à 7 millions de personnes. Surtout, le spectre de la révolution victorieuse en Russie, s'insinue de l'Allemagne à la Hongrie en passant par l'Italie. L'ennemi n'est plus tout à fait le germanisme, mais le bolchevisme, infiltré sous la forme des nouveaux partis communistes d'Europe. Un monde radicalement nouveau est né, une nouvelle ère idéologique coincée entre Wilson et Lénine, deux messianismes à côté desquels la France et la Grande-Bretagne ne tiennent plus le premier rôle. Alors que prévaut l'illusion d'une paix durable, les instabilités, les aigreurs et les déceptions attisent déjà le feu de la revanche. Jean-Yves Le Naour livre une étude brillante et rénovée - parfois iconoclaste - de cette tragique sortie de guerre, étudiant notamment le traité de Versailles, dont le grand perdant ne fut peut-être pas l'Allemagne, mais bien la France."--Page 4 of cover.