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• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• Introduction
• Part I: The Historical Setting
• 1. The English Land Question in Historical Perspective
• 2. Land Reform Movements Before 1914
• Part II: The Land Question and Taxation of Land Values 1914 to 1939
• 3. The Impact of The War and The Spread of Owner-Occupation
• 4. The Rise of Town Planning and The Demise of Site Value Rating
• Part III: The Political Conflict Over Landed Property Rights 1942 to 1979
• 5. The Impact of The War on Town and Country
• 6. Tensions in The War-Time Coalition Government
• 7. The Post War Settlement
• 8. Continuing Battles Over Compensation and Betterment
• Part IV: The Land Question and The Housing Crisis 1979 to
• 2017.
• 9. The Triumph of Private Property and Future Options for Land Reform
• 10. Conclusion
• Bibliography
• Index.
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Based on a mixture of primary historical research and secondary sources, this book explores the reasons for the failure of the state in England during the twentieth century to regulate, tax, and control the market in land for the common or public good. It is maintained that this created the circumstances in which private property relationships had triumphed by the end of the century. Explaining a complex field of legislation and policy in accessible terms, the book concludes by asking what type of land reform might be relevant in the twenty-first century to address the current housing crisis, which seen in its widest context, has become the new land question of the modern era.
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"The period 1642-4 saw the financing of the parliamentary armed forces hastily improvised from one month to the next. Parliament tried to fund the army for what they thought would be a limited and short-lived war by raising loans. When these became insufficient they turned to the sequestration of estates of the Crown and active papists. When that did not suffice they ordered the raising of money from the counties, then they abolished the principal offices of the Church of England, including that of bishops and deans and chapters, and sold off their lands. In the sale process surveyors were appointed to determine the nature of the properties owned by the deans and chapters and to produce full and exact surveys of the properties to be sold. The Cambridgeshire surveys of the properties of the Dean and Chapter of Ely are amonst the most complete to survive of anywhere in England. Amongst seventeenth century documents these surveys are unique, they detail every peice of property for the Ely capitular estate, including its occupier, its true annual value and the tenural arrangement at the time of survey."--Back cover.

`A formidable, brave and important book' Robert Macfarlane Who owns England? Behind this simple question lies this country's oldest and best-kept secret. This is the history of how England's elite came to own our land, and an inspiring manifesto for how to open up our countryside once more. This book has been a long time coming. Since 1086, in fact. For centuries, England's elite have covered up how they got their hands on millions of acres of our land, by constructing walls, burying surveys and more recently, sheltering behind offshore shell companies. But with the dawn of digital mapping and the Freedom of Information Act, it's becoming increasingly difficult for them to hide. Trespassing through tightly-guarded country estates, ecologically ravaged grouse moors and empty Mayfair mansions, writer and activist Guy Shrubsole has used these 21st century tools to uncover a wealth of never-before-seen information about the people who own our land, to create the most comprehensive map of land ownership in England that has ever been made public. From secret military islands to tunnels deep beneath London, Shrubsole unearths truths concealed since the Domesday Book about who is really in charge of this country - at a time when Brexit is meant to be returning sovereignty to the people. Melding history, politics and polemic, he vividly demonstrates how taking control of land ownership is key to tackling everything from the housing crisis to climate change - and even halting the erosion of our very democracy. It's time to expose the truth about who owns England - and finally take back our green and pleasant land.
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`Formidable work' Robert Macfarlane Who owns England? Behind this simple question lies this country's oldest and darkest secret. This is the history of how England's elite came to own our land - from aristocrats and the church to businessmen and corporations - and an inspiring manifesto for how we can take control back. This book has been a long time coming. Since 1086, in fact. For centuries, England's Establishment have been able to cover up how they got their hands on millions of acres of common land, by building walls, burying surveys and more recently, sheltering behind offshore shell companies. But with the dawn of digital mapping and the Freedom of Information Act, they can no longer hide. Trespassing through country estates and empty Mayfair mansions, writer and activist Guy Shrubsole has used these 21st Century tools to uncover a wealth of never-before-seen information about the people who own our land, in order to create the most comprehensive map of land ownership in England that has ever been made public. From the Duke who owns the most expensive location on the Monopoly board to the MP who's the biggest landowner in his county, he unearths truths concealed since the Domesday Book about who is really in charge of this country - at a time when Brexit is meant to be returning sovereignty to the people. It's time to expose the truth about who owns England - and finally take back our green and pleasant land.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part 1: The Cartulary --

The charters and other documents recorded in the thirteenth-century Cartulary of the Augustinian priory of Sts Peter and Paul, Ipswich, donated to the public library of Lexington, Kentucky, in 1806, and purchased for Ipswich Record Office in 1970, throw light on an institution whose early history was mostly shrouded in obscurity. They are an important source for the study both of the expansion of the priory estates and the consolidation of its holdings by the gift or purchase of adjoining parcels of land in common fields, and a mine of information for the student of place-names. Light is thrown on various aspects of the life of the house, extensions to its buildings, and the steps taken to safeguard its assets from predation. Included in it are various manorial documents and estate surveys of the late thirteenth century, the originals of which almost certainly did not survive the Peasants' Revolt a century later. Evidence is also present for the local family of the de Badeles as the priory's founding patrons. This first volume of two presents the Priory's Cartulary, with introduction and notes. DAVID ALLEN was archivist in the Suffolk Record Office for over thirty years. He has also produced, among other works, Ipswich Borough Archives, 1255-1835: A Catalogue (Suffolk Records Society 43).
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• Chapter 1: The Landed Interest
• Chapter 2: Cotton into Land
• Chapter 3: The Lower Orders
• Chapter 4: Expelling the People
• Chapter 5: Road Capture
• Chapter 6: Killing Grounds
• Chapter 7: Living by Rapine & Plunder
• Chapter 8: Institutions and Inequality in the Countryside
• Chapter 9: The Estate System as Market Failure.
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Based on a detailed investigation of local sources, this book examines the history of the landed estate system in England since the mid-seventeenth century. Over recent centuries England was increasingly occupied by landed estates run by locally dominant and nationally influential owners. Historically, newcomers adopted the behaviour of existing landowners, all of whom presided over a relatively impoverished mass of rural inhabitants. Preferences for privacy and fine views led landowners to demolish or remove some whole villages. Alongside extensive landscape remodelling, rights-of-way were often privatised, imposing a cost on the economy. Social and environmental implications of the landed system as a whole are discussed and particular attention is paid to the nineteenth-century investment of industrial profits in estates. Why was the system so attractive and how was it perpetuated? Matters of poverty and inequality have always been of perennial interest to scholars of many persuasions and to the educated public; with this important book surveying environmental concerns in addition.
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• [Volume 1]. Introduction
• Current law and legislative history
• Overview of the new regime
• The right to a lease extension
• The right of collective freehold acquisition
• Qualifying criteria : current law and criticisms
• Qualifying criteria : proposals for reform
• Qualifying criteria : exceptions and qualifications
• [Volume 2]. Procedure : current law and criticisms
• Procedure : proposals for reform
• Dispute resolution
• Costs
• Valuation : current law and criticisms
• Valuation : options for reform
• Intermediate and other leasehold interests
• Consultation questions.

• The scope of the subject
• Tenure and estates
• Law, equity, and human rights
• The 1925 legislation
• Registration of title
• The transfer of freehold land
• Adverse possession
• Consecutive and concurrent interests in land
• Co-ownership 1 : acquisition of interests in the home
• Co-ownership 2 : the legal framework of co-ownership
• Leasehold estates
• Mortgages
• Easements
• Covenants between freeholders
• Licences and proprietary estoppel.

Doctrinal and critical, Thompson's Modern Land Law looks at the core areas of this subject area through a theoretical lens. The authors excel at explaining difficult rules and concepts clearly but without oversimplification, guiding students around the common pitfalls in areas where there is typically misunderstanding or confusion. Straightforward accounts of the law are underpinned by insightful author commentary on areas of debate, exposing students to critical reasoning. Examples of the context in which land law operates helps students to understand abstract topics and encourages them to appreciate the social importance of this subject.
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• 1 Introduction2 The Brent Marsh parishes and their inhabitants3 Landholding and local society4 Making a living from the land5 Family and inheritance in Brent Marsh6 Wealth, society and national politics7 Small farmers and early modern agriculture: an obstacle to change or a commercial contribution?
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This detailed and original study of early-modern agrarian society in the Somerset Levels examines the small landholders in a group of sixteen contiguous parishes in the area known as Brent Marsh. These were farmers with lifehold tenures and a mixed agricultural production whose activities and outlook are shown to be very different from that of the small 'peasant' farmers of so many general histories. Patricia Croot challenges the idea that small farmers failed to contribute to the productivity and commercialisation of the early-modern economy. While the emergence of large capitalist farms was an important development, these added to the production of existing small cultivators, rather than replacing them. The idea that only large-scale, specialized farmers were involved in agricultural progress, or that their contribution alone was enough to account for the great increase in food production by the late 17th century is questioned; small farmers continued to make a living, contributed to the market, and survived alongside the new, bigger farms.Croot's in-depth study not only adds to our knowledge of agrarian society generally, but shows that far from being backward and interested primarily in subsistence farming, small producers in this area sought profit in making the best use of their resources, however limited, being flexible in their production and growing new or unusual crops. The main land tenures, copy and lease for lives, are also covered in detail, contributing to current debates on landholding and sub-tenancy. The author shows the uses to which lifehold tenures could be put, resulting in the increasing financial strength of copyholders and their dominance in local society. The effects of the tenure and profits of farming can be seen in the way that families were provided for, as well as in the roles that women played and the responsibility they had in economic and social life, while the wider interests of the inhabitants are shown in their religious and political engagement in events of the 17th century. Patricia Croot's meticulous study is a valuable contribution to English agrarian history, and in particular to the history of this under-researched region.
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Compiled from the records of a survey of the kingdom of England commissioned by William the Conqueror in 1085, Domesday Book is a key source for the history of England. However, there has never been a critical edition of the text and so, despite over 200 years of intense academic study, its evidence has rarely been exploited to the full. The essays in this volume seek to realize the potential of Domesday Book by focussing on the manuscript itself. There are analyses of abbreviations, letter forms, and language; re-assessments of key sources, the role of tenants-in-chief in producing them, and the nature of the Norman settlement that their forms illuminate; a re-evaluation of the data and its referents; and finally, fresh examinations of the afterlife of the Domesday text and how it was subsequently perceived. In identifying new categories of evidence and revisiting old ones, these studies point to a better understanding of the text. There are surprising insights into its sources and developing programme and, intriguingly, a system of encoding hitherto unsuspected. In its turn the import of its data becomes clearer, thereby shedding new light on Anglo-Norman society and governance. It is in these terms that this volume offers a departure in Domesday studies and looks forward to the resolution of long-standing problems that have hitherto bedevilled the interpretation of an iconic text. David Roffe and K.S.B. Keats-Rohan are leading Domesday scholars who have published widely on Domesday Book and related matters. Contributors: Howard B. Clarke, Sally Harvey, K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, Andrew Lowerre, John Palmer, David Roffe, Ian Taylor, Pamela Taylor, Frank Thorn, Ann Williams.
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Founded by the Public Record Office in 1884, the Pipe Rolls Society was dedicated to publishing editions of the pipe rolls of the exchequer and other related medieval documents.

• Table of Contents List of Illustrations Acknowledgements
• 1. 'Introduction: The Culture of Capital' I: Of Coin and Property
• 2. 'Of Coin and Property
• 3. 'Capital Formations'
• 4. 'Fictions of the Early Modern English Probate Inventory'
• 5. 'Plotting Early Modernity II: Of Cities and Territory
• 6. 'Of Cities and Territory'
• 7. 'The Metropolis and the Revolution'
• 8. 'Competing Ideologies of Commerce in Thomas Heywood's If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody, Part II'
• 9. 'The Pocket Books of Early Modern History
• 10. Walking Capitals: Donne's First Satyre' III: Of Culture and Its Currency
• 11. 'Of Culture and Its Currency
• 12. 'The Print of Goodness'
• 13. 'Mathematics as a Social Function
• 14. 'The Value of Culture and the Disavowal of Things' Notes on Contributors Index.
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Leading literary critics and historians reassess one of the defining features of early modern England -the idea of "capital." The collection reevaluates the different aspects of the concept amidst the profound changes of the period.
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• Introduction
• The Manuscript
• The Contents of the Cartulary
• The Foundation of the Abbey
• The Foundation Legend Text
• Patronage and Benefactions
• Financial and Property Management
• Abbesses of Godstow
• Editorial Method
• TEXT
• Appendix A: Flyleaves
• Appendix B: Strays
• Appendix C: English Register Documents.
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This first published edition of the Latin cartulary of Godstow Abbey outside Oxford is an important text for the history of medieval religious women. Compiled in the early fifteenth century, and probably written by Godstow's prioress Alice of Eaton, it contains more than 900 documents written for and preserved by this well-known community of Benedictine nuns. The contents include a unique Anglo-Norman verse life of Ediva of Winchester, whose dreams prompted her to found the abbey in the early twelfth century. Numerous early charters in the cartulary identify other twelfth-century nuns and their relatives, and shed light on the founding of the abbey, its royal and private patronage, and its extensive real estate holdings. Other documents in the volume are excellent sources for women's literacy and culture, religious practices in the diocese of Lincoln, social relations between the nuns and the larger community, and the local urban and rural economy in Oxfordshire and nearby counties. The volume's introduction examines the founding of the abbey, dating it earlier than has previously been done, and provides new information about the abbesses of Godstow. In the text, documents dating from about 1225 or earlier are printed in full, in the original Latin, with English introductions and notes; later documents have been fully summarized in English, with complete witness lists. This is also an invaluable text for local history, topography, and genealogy. This text is the original of the Middle English translation that was published in the early twentieth century.
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This volume revisits a classic book by a famous historian: R.H. Tawney's Agrarian Problem in the Sixteenth Century (1912). Tawney's Agrarian Problem surveyed landlord-tenant relations in England between 1440 and 1660, the period of emergent capitalism and rapidly changing property relations that stands between the end of serfdom and the more firmly capitalist system of the eighteenth century. This transition period is widely recognised as crucial to Britain's long term economic development, laying the foundation for the Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth century. Remarkably, Tawney's book has remained the standard text on landlord-tenant relations for over a century. Here, Tawney's book is re-evaluated by leading experts in agrarian and legal history, taking its themes as a departure point to provide for a new interpretation of the agrarian economy in late Tudor and early modern Britain. The introduction looks at how Tawney's Agrarian Problem was written, its place in the historiography of agrarian England and the current state of research. Survey chapters examine the late medieval period, a comparison with Scotland, and Tawney's conception of capitalism, whilst the remaining chapters focus on four issues that were central to Tawney's arguments: enclosure disputes, the security of customary tenure; the conversion of customary tenure to leasehold; and other landlord strategies to raise revenues. The balance of power between landlords and tenants determined how the wealth of agrarian England was divided in this crucial period of economic development - this book reveals how this struggle was played out. JANE WHITTLE is professor of rural history at Exeter University. Contributors: Christopher Brooks, Christopher Dyer, Heather Falvey, Harold Garrett-Goodyear, Julian Goodare, Elizabeth Griffiths, Jennifer Holt, Briony McDonagh, Jean Morrin, David Ormrod, William D. Shannon, Jane Whittle, Andy Wood. Foreword by Keith Wrightson.
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• Keppell v Bailey (1834); Hill v Tupper (1863) : the numerus clausus and the common law / Ben McFarlane
• Todrick v Western National Omnibus Co Ltd (1934) : the interpretation of easements / Peter Butt
• Re Ellenborough Park (1955) : a mere recreation and amusement / Elizabeth Cooke
• Taylors Fashions Ltd v Liverpool Victoria Trustees Co Ltd; Old & Campbell Ltd v Liverpool Victoria Friendly Society (1979) : stitching together modern estoppel / Martin Dixon
• Federated Homes Ltd v Mill Lodge Properties Ltd (1979) : annexation and intention / Nigel P Gravells
• Williams and Glyn's Bank Ltd v Boland (1980) : maintaining the integrity of registration systems / Mark P Thompson
• Street v Mountford (1985); AG Securities v Vaughan; Antoniades v Villiers (1988) : tenancies and licences : halting the revolution / Stuart Bridge
• City of London Building Society v Flegg (1987) : homes as wealth / Nicholas Hopkins
• Stack v Dowden (2007); Jones v Kernott (2011) : finding a home for "family property" / Andrew Hayward
• Manchester City Council v Pinnock (2010) : shifting ideas of ownership of land / Susan Bright.

Landmark Cases in Land Law is the sixth volume in the Landmark Cases series of collected essays on leading cases (previous volumes in the series having covered Restitution, Contract, Tort, Equity and Family Law). The eleven cases in this volume cover the period 1834 to 2011, although, interestingly, no fewer than six of the cases were decided or reported in the 1980s. The names of the selected cases will be familiar to property lawyers. However, individually, the essays provide a reappraisal of the cases from a wide range of perspectives - focusing on their historical, social or theoretical context, highlighting previously neglected aspects and even questioning their perceived importance. Collectively, the essays explore several common themes that pervade the law of property - the numerus clausus principle, the conclusiveness of registration, the desirability of certainty in the law and the central question of the enforceability of interests through changes in ownership of land. This volume provides a collection of essays that will be of interest to academics, students and practitioners.
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• Introduction: The Terms of Possession
• 1 The most Solemn Instrument
• 2 Storied Land
• 3 Tenure in Translation
• 4 The Anglo-Saxon chronicle as Dynastic Landbook
• 5 Poetic Possession
• Conclusion: The Question of Limits.

In this original and innovative study, Scott T. Smith traces the intersections between land tenure and literature in Anglo-Saxon England. Smith aptly demonstrates that as land became property through the operations of writing, it came to assume a complex range of conceptual values that Anglo-Saxons could use to engage a number of vital cultural concerns beyond just the legal and practical - such as political dominion, salvation, sanctity, status, and social and spiritual obligations. Land and Book places a variety of texts - including charters, dispute records, heroic poetry, homilies, and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle - in a dynamic conversation with the procedures and documents of land tenure, showing how its social practice led to innovation across written genres in both Latin and Old English. Through this, Smith provides an interdisciplinary synthesis of literary, legal, and historical interests.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

In this original and innovative study, Scott T. Smith traces the intersections between land tenure and literature in Anglo-Saxon England. Smith aptly demonstrates that as land became property through the operations of writing, it came to assume a complex range of conceptual values that Anglo-Saxons could use to engage a number of vital cultural concerns beyond just the legal and practical - such as political dominion, salvation, sanctity, status, and social and spiritual obligations. Land and Book places a variety of texts - including charters, dispute records, heroic poetry, homilies, and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle - in a dynamic conversation with the procedures and documents of land tenure, showing how its social practice led to innovation across written genres in both Latin and Old English. Through this, Smith provides an interdisciplinary synthesis of literary, legal, and historical interests.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. What is Land Law?
• 2. Property Rights in Law
• 3. Land Law and Registration Today
• 4. Creating and Acquiring Interests in Land: Words and Intentions
• 5. Joint Ownership of Land
• 6. Mortgages
• 7. Leases, Licences, and Commonholds
• 8. Appurtenant Rights
• 9. Whatever Happened to the Relativity of Title?
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Giving a clear, concise introduction to land law, this book looks at the way in which the law regulates our relationship with the land on which we walk, work, and live. Land law is about the connections between people and land, and also the relationships between people, jostling for space and allocating resources. As people change, so do the ways they use and think about land: land law today looks very different from how it did fifty years ago, and in another generation's time it will have changed again. Elizabeth Cooke introduces the building blocks of land law, namely property rights in land, and explains how they have evolved by a mixture of design and accident. The book examines ownership rights, non-ownership rights, both legal and equitable, and provides analysis of how these different rights can apply to a single piece of land, and how they are managed and enforced. Throughout the book the role of registration is central, and the implications of the Land Registration Act 2002 for English land law are fully explored. The second edition has been updated to incorporate important developments in the law relating to the family home, and in the interaction of land law with the law of human rights. It also benefits from the author's own contribution to the Law Commission's report on easements, covenants, and profits a prendre. Written in an accessible style, this book is an essential read for all those coming to the subject for the first time.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)