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• pt.
• 1. History and inventory
• pt.
• 2. Analysis of translated verses.

The Japanese Translations of the Hebrew Bible: History, Inventory and Analysis tells the story of the translation of the Bible into Japanese against the background of the transplanting of Christianity in Japan. It includes a detailed inventory of Old Testament translations, with linguistic and theological analyses of choice verses.

• List of Tables Acknowledgments Introduction: What You Need to Know
• Chapter 1: Take the Test: The Sixty-Second Super Easy Bible Quiz
• Chapter 2: A Tree With Deep Roots: A Brief History of Biblical Illiteracy
• Chapter 3: Bible Basics: It's Not Rocket Science!
• Chapter 4: The Problem of Pain: Why Do We Suffer?
• Chapter 5: Final Destinations: Heaven and Hell
• Chapter 6: Show Me the Money: The Surprising Truth About Wealth and Riches
• Chapter 7: Should We or Shouldn't We?: An Exploration of Sexuality and Gender
• Chapter 8: Fair is Fair: The Essential Aspects of Biblical Laws and Justice
• Chapter 9: Mother Earth: The Bible and the Environment
• Chapter 10: Making the God Connection: Communicating With God Through Prayer and Worship Conclusions Resources Index.
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What the Bible Really Tells Us provides an accessible introduction to reading the Good Book. It provides essential background information, then gives readers tools to interpret and understand passages. The book explores what the Bible really says about key issues today-including heaven & hell, wealth & money, and sexuality-then encourages readers to pursue Bible reading on their own.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Acknowledgments Introduction
• Chapter 1: Knowledge and Nakedness: Eve in the Garden of Signs
• Chapter 2: Sarah's Laughter: Matriarchal Incoherence and the Vexed Sign of Woman
• Chapter 3: Passing as a Man: Patriarchal Gender Performances
• Chapter 4: Leah Behind the Veil: Sex with Sisters from the Bible through Woody Allen
• Chapter 5: Coats and Tales: Joseph and Myths of Jewish Masculinity
• Chapter 6: Miriam's Fluid Identity
• Chapter 7: Bedrooms and Battlefields: Command Performances of Femininity
• Chapter 8: Bodies Politic: Violence and Mediated Boundaries
• Chapter 9: Oy! Was that a Close Call: Ruth and the Fundamental Jewish Story.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Applying psychoanalytic and gender theory to selected Biblical narratives from Genesis to the Book of Ruth, Lefkovitz interprets the Bible's stories as foundation texts in the development of sexual identities. In Scripture is an exploration of the Biblical origins of a series of unstable ideas about the sexes, human sexuality, family roles, and Jewish sexual identities, in particular, and by extension, changing attitudes towards Jewish men and women.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface Jan Willem van Henten (University of Amsterdam, University of Stellenbosch), Pieter G.R. de Villiers (University of the Free State) Part I INTRODUCTORY ESSAYS Chapter One: Religion, Bible and Violence Jan Willem van Henten (University of Amsterdam, University of Stellenbosch) Chapter Two: Violence in the New Testament and the Roman Empire: Ambivalence, Othering, Agency Jeremy Punt (University of Stellenbosch) Part II CASE STUDIES Chapter Three: Paul's Version of "Turning the Other Cheek". Rethinking Violence and Tolerance Andries van Aarde (University of Pretoria) Chapter Four: Violence in the Letter to the Galatians? Francois Tolmie (University of the Free State) Chapter Five: A Godfighter Becomes a Fighter for God Rob van Houwelingen (Theological University Kampen) Chapter Six: Jesus and Violence: An Ideological-Critical Reading of the Tenants in Mark 12:1-12 Ernest van Eck (University of Pretoria) Chapter Seven: The Use of Violence in Punishing Adultery in Biblical Texts (Deuteronomy 22:13-29 and John 7:53-8:11) Wim Weren (Tilburg University) Chapter Eight: Violence in a Gospel of Love Jan van der Watt (Radboud University of Nijmegen, University of Pretoria) and Jacobus Kok (University of Pretoria) Chapter Nine: Images of War and Creation, of Violence and Non-Violence in the Revelation of John Paul B. Decock (University of KwaZulu-Natal, St. Joseph's Theological Institute) Chapter Ten: Exegetical Perspectives on Violence in Revelation 18 Pieter G.R. de Villiers (University of the Free State) Chapter Eleven: The Eschatological Battle according to the Book of Revelation: Perpectives on Revelation 19:11-21 Tobias Nicklas (University of Regensburg)
• Part III EPILOGUE Chapter Twelve: Hermeneutical Perspectives on Violence in the New Testament Pieter G.R. de Villiers (University of the Free State)
• Bibliography Subject Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Violence is present in the very heart of religion and its sacred traditions - also of Christianity and the Bible. The problem, however, is not only that violence is ingrained in the mere existence of religions with their sacred traditions. It is equally problematic to realise that the icy grip of violence on the sacred has gone unnoticed and unchallenged for a very long time. The present publication aims to contribute to the recent scholarly debate about the interconnections between violence and monotheistic religions by analysing the role of violence in the New Testament as well as by offering some hermeneutical perspectives on violence as it is articulated in the earliest Christian writings. Contributors include: Andries G. van Aarde, Paul Decock, Pieter G.R. de Villiers, Ernest van Eck, Jan Willem van Henten, Rob van Houwelingen, Kobus Kok, Tobias Nicklas, Jeremy Punt, Jan G. van der Watt, and Wim Weren.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• 1. Multifarious Meaning: Irony in Greco-Roman Literature
• 2. Ambiguity in Ancient Prophecy and Dreams
• 3. Reading Isaiah from Beginning and End: An Intratextual Study
• 4. Matthew and Emotive Effect.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Gospel of Matthew is both deliberately deceptive and emotionally compelling.Karl McDaniel explores ways in which the narrative of the Gospel of Matthew elicits and develops the emotions ofsuspense, surprise, and curiosity within its readers. While Matthew 1:21 invites readers to expect Jewish salvation, progressive failure of the plot's main characters to meet Jesus' salvation requirements creates increasing suspense for the reader. How will Jesus save 'his people'? The commission to the Gentiles at the Gospel's conclusion provokes reader surprise, and the resulting curiosity calls readers back to the narrative's beginning.Upon rereading with a retrospective view, readers discover that the Gentile mission was actually foreshadowed throughout the narrative, even from its beginning, and they are invited to partake in Jesus' final commission.
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• I. Folklore, mythology and oral history. The passing of warrior poetry in the era of prosaic heroes ; The fugitive hero narrative pattern in Mesopotamia ; Ending a performance: the tenants in Luke 20:9-19 and Gospel of Thomas 65 ; A story about some stories ; The Gospel of Mark: baptism and Passover initiation ; Orality and writing in the creation of Exilic prophetic literature
• II. Israelite religion and ancient Judaism. Massebot standing for Yhwh: the fall of Yhwistic cult symbol ; "The righteous mind" and Judean moral culture: a conversation between biblical studies and moral psychology ; Ritual inversion in biblical representations of puntitive rites
• III. Warfare and violence. Moral injury and the interdisciplinary study of biblical war texts: the case of King Saul ; Collateral duties: military objectives and civilian protections in Deuteronomy ; The agonistic imagination: the ethics of war in Deuteronomy ; Rahab's valor and the Gibeonites' cowardice
• IV. Gender. The women of the Bible and of ancient Near Eastern myth: the case of the Levite's [pileges] ; Were Israelite women chattel? Shedding new light on an old question ; Crossings, transgressions, and movement in the Jephthah cycle ; Ruth's beginnings: a study in contradictions ; Building power: gender, identity, and conspicuous consumption in Fin de Siècle Tang China ; Rufina refined: a woman archisynagogos from Smyrna, yet again.

• Author's Preface; Abbreviations; Chapter One Introduction; Chapter Two The Targumic Toseftot to Ezekiel 1; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Targumic Toseftot to Ezekiel 1:1; 2.2.1 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 in Codex Manchester, Gaster 1478; 2.2.1.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 (Ms Gaster 1478); 2.2.1.2 Comments on the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 (Ms Gaster 1478); 2.2.2 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 in Ms. T-S NS 245.98; 2.2.2.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 (Ms. T-S NS 245.98).

• 2.2.3 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 in Ms. T-S NS 171.72.2.3.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 (Ms. T-S NS 171.7); 2.2.4 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 in Other Manuscripts; Ms. JTSA L260A; Ms. JTSA L265A; Ms. Feldman 143; Ms. Genizah 430; Ms. Halper 64; Ms. Bar-Ilan 737; 2.2.4.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:1 in Other Manuscripts; 2.2.5 The Relationship between the Manuscripts; 2.3 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:3 in the Arukh ha-Shalem.

• 2.3.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:3 (Arukh ha-Shalem)2.3.2 Comments on the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:3 (Arukh ha-Shalem); 2.4 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:8 in Codex Reuchlinianus; 2.4.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:8 (Codex Reuchlinianus); 2.4.2 Comments on the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:8 (Codex Reuchlinianus); 2.5 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:12 in the Maḥzor Vitry (Ms. London 655); 2.5.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:12 (Maḥzor Vitry).

• 2.5.2 Comments on the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:12 (Maḥzor Vitry)2.6 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:26 in Ms. 7 of the Montefiore Library; 2.6.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:26 (Ms. 7 Montefiore Library); 2.6.2 Comments on the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 1:26 (Ms. 7 Montefiore Library); Chapter Three The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 28:13; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 28:13 in Codex Reuchlinianus; 3.2.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 28:13 (Codex Reuchlinianus).

• 3.2.2 Comments on the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 28:13 (Codex Reuchlinianus)Chapter Four The Targumic Toseftot to Ezekiel 37; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 37:1-14 in the Pentateuch Salonika; 4.2.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 37:1-14 (Pentateuch Salonika); 4.2.2 Comments on the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 37:1-14 (Pentateuch Salonika); 4.3 The Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 37:1 in the Maḥzor Vitry (Ms. London 655); 4.3.1 The Text and Translation of the Targumic Tosefta to Ezekiel 37:1 (Ms London 655).

This book focuses on the additional liturgical and alternative readings of Targum Ezekiel, the so-called Targumic Toseftot. The critical text, translation, and commentary are presented with special reference to the long segments of unique mystical lore that are preserved in the Targumic Toseftot to Ezekiel 1, the chapter which describes the prophet's vision of the celestial chariot. This unique manuscript material sheds light on a relatively dark chapter in the reception history of early Jewish mystical lore, being closely related to the Hekhalot literature, and to the Shi'ur Qomah tradition in particular. The volume concludes with a systematic treatment of the Targumic Toseftot to Ezekiel in relation to their Aramaic dialect, date and provenance, as well as their historical and social setting.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• ""Cover""; ""Title Page""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Introduction""; ""Part One: The Theologies in Isaiah""; ""1 Isaiah 1â€?12""; ""Faithfulness in the Exercise of Power""; ""Holiness""; ""Trust""; ""Darkness and Light""; ""Putting Down and Raising Up""; ""Things Move Forward, but What Goes Around Comes Around""; ""A Note on Isaiahâ€?s Role in the New Testament""; ""2 Isaiah 13â€?27""; ""The Nations (Isaiah 13â€?23)""; ""The Day of Yahweh""; ""The Archetypal Superpower""; ""Hope for the Nations""; ""The Whole Cosmos (Isaiah 24â€?27)""

• ""Land, City and Supernatural Powers""""The Celebration of Life""; ""The Appropriate Response(s)""; ""3 Isaiah 28â€?39""; ""Life and Death, Truth and Lies, Insight and Stupidity""; ""Yahwehâ€?s Dilemma""; ""Reversal and Restoration""; ""Trust (Again)""; ""4 Isaiah 40â€?55""; ""Yahweh Alone Is God""; ""Israel Is Yahwehâ€?s Servant and Witness""; ""Cyrus My Shepherd, My Anointed""; ""A Prophet as Yahwehâ€?s Servant""; ""An Offering to Make""; ""The Transformed City and the Covenant People""; ""5 Isaiah 56â€?66""; ""A Prophet as Yahwehâ€?s Anointed""; ""The Nationsâ€? Destiny""

• ""The Position of Foreigners""""Prayer""; ""True Religion""; ""Who Are Yahwehâ€?s Servants?""; ""Part Two: The Theology That Emerges from Isaiah""; ""6 Revelation: Words from Yahweh Mediated Through Human Agents""; ""7 The God of Israel, the Holy One, Yahweh Armies""; ""8 Holy as Upright and Merciful""; ""9 Israel and Judah""; ""10 Jerusalem and Zion Critiqued and Threatened""; ""11 Jerusalem and Zion Chastised and Restored""; ""12 The Remains""; ""13 The Nations""; ""14 The Empires and Their Kings""; ""15 Divine Sovereignty and Human Responsibility""

• ""16 Divine Planning and Human Planning""""17 David""; ""18 Yahwehâ€?s Day""; ""Subject Index""; ""Scripture Index""; ""About the Author""; ""More Titles from InterVarsity Press""

What should we make of the sprawling and puzzling book of Isaiah-so layered and complex in its composition? John Goldingay helps us see, hear and understand the grandeur of this prophetic masterpiece among the Prophets as both separate parts and as a whole, clearly tied together with unifying themes.

• Introduction: Approaching Latino/a biblical criticism : a trajectory of visions and missions / Fernando F. Segovia
• What does it mean to be a Latino/a biblical critic? : a Latino Pentecostal perspective, with reflections on the future / Efrain Agosto
• Rethinking Latino hermeneutics : an atheist perspective / Hector Avalos
• Reexamining ethnicity : Latina/os, race, and the Bible / Eric D. Barreto
• Position reversal and hope for the oppressed / Aída Besançon Spencer
• What does it mean to be a Latino biblical critic? : a brief essay / Alejandro F. Botta
• Forgotten forebears in the history of North American biblical scholarship / Gregory Cuellar
• The challenges of Latino/a biblical criticism / Rubén R. Dupertuis
• Latino/a biblical hermeneutics : problematic, objectives, strategies / Cristina García-Alfonso
• Reading from no place : toward a hybrid and ambivalent study of scriptures / Jacqueline M. Hidalgo
• Toward Latino/a biblical studies : foregrounding identitites and transforming communities / Francisco Lozada Jr.
• Toward a Latino/a vision/optic for biblical hermeneutics / Rubén Muñoz-Larrondo
• A Latina biblical critic and intellectual : at the intersection of ethnicity, gender, hermeneutics, and faith / Ahida Calderón Pilarski
• Interpretive world making : formulating a space for a critical Latino/a cultural and biblical discourse / David Arturo Sánchez
• How did you get to be a Latino biblical scholar? : scholarly identity and biblical scholarship / Timothy J. Sandoval
• El Sur También Existe : a proposal for dialogue between Latin American and Latino/a hermeneutics / Osvaldo D. Vena
• Advancing Latino/a biblical criticism : visions and missions for the future / Fernando F. Segovia
• Latino/a biblical interpretation : a question of being and/or practice? / Francisco Lozada Jr.

• 1. Introduction--
• 2. The Interpretive Framework of Luke-Acts--
• 3. How Luke Transforms the Isaianic Vision--
• 4. Isaiah According to Mark, Matthew and Luke--
• 5. Listen, Learn and Do Lukewise--
• 6. Conclusions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

An investigative study into where, how and why Luke interacts with Isaiah. References to Isaiah occur at key points in the narrative, typically introducing the mission of main characters and outlining or summarising the overall plot, suggesting that Luke utilises Isaiah as part of his interpretive framework. The overarching theme drawn from Isaiah appears to be the servant's mission to bring salvation to all people (Isa 49:6). Luke's careful selection and radical interpretation of Isaianic texts highlights surprising aspects of this theme. These include the nature and scope of salvation, the necessary suffering role of the Messiah and its connection with the proclamation of salvation, and the unexpected response to the message by Israel and the nations. Mallen's study rehabilitates the importance of the servant motif for Luke, not in terms of atonement or as a christological title but rather in supplying the job description for Jesus' messianic mission and that of his followers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Mastering the tools or retooling the masters? The legacy of historical-critical discourse / Caroline Vander Stichele and Todd Penner
• Historical-critical approaches and the emancipation of women: unfulfilled promises and remaining possibilities / Hanna Stenström
• "Tandoori reindeer" and the limitations of historical criticism / Susanne Scholz
• Breaking the established scaffold: imagination as a resource in the development of Biblical interpretation / Hjamil A. Martiʹnez-Vaʹzquez
• Postcolonialism and the practice of history / John W. Marshall
• Rhetorical full-turn in Biblical interpretation and its relevance for feminist hermeneutics / Vernon K. Robbins
• Full turns and half turns: engaging the dialogue/dance between Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza and Vernon Robbins / Priscilla Geisterfer
• "And they did so": Following orders given by Old Joshua / Kristin De Troyer.

• Sarah and Hagar: what have I to do with them? / Judith E. McKinlay
• Their hermeneutics was strange! Ours is a necessity! Rereading Vashti as African-South African women / Madipoane Masenya (ngwanaʹ Mphahlele)
• Mothers bewailing: reading Lamentations / Archie Chi Chung Lee
• History of women in ancient Israel: theory, method, and the book of Ruth / Esther Fuchs
• No road: on the absence of feminist criticism of Ezra-Nehemiah / Roland Boer
• Scribal blunder or textual plunder? Codex Bezae, textual-rhetorical analysis, and the diminished role of women / Anne Graham Brock
• Military images in Philippians 1-2: a feminist analysis of the rhetorics of scholarship, Philippians, and current contexts / Joseph A. Marchal
• Paul and the rhetoric of gender / Caroline Vander Stichele and Todd Penner
• Why can't the heavenly Miss Jerusalem just shut up? / Jorunn Økland
• Epilogue: babies and bathwater on the road / Athalya Brenner.

• Preface
• Editions of Textual Sources
• Abbreviations
• Chapter 1. Introduction: Some Basic Notions
• A. The aims of the textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible
• B. Collecting variants
• C. The reconstruction of individual elements in the original text of the LXX
• D. The character of the canon of the "LXX"
• E. The categories "literal" and "free"
• F. Understanding the LXX
• G. Editions
• H. Electronic tools
• I. The evaluation of the LXX in biblical research
• Part I
• The Reconstruction of the Hebrew Text Underlying the LXX: Possibilities and Impossibilities
• Chapter 2. When to Reconstruct Variants?
• A. Exegesis
• B. Scribal developments
• Chapter 3. How to Reconstruct the Vorlage of the LXX-Positive and Negative Aspects
• A. Criteria for retroversion
• 1. Greek-Hebrew equivalents
• 2. Intuition
• 3. Textual probability
• 4. Linguistic plausibility
• 5. External support
• B. The nature of retroverted variants
• 1. Some types of reliable retroversions
• 2. Doubtful retroversions
• 3. The existence of retroverted variants
• Excursus 1:The use of concordances in the reconstruction of the Vorlage of the LXX
• Excursus 2:The use of electronic tools in the reconstruction of the Vorlage of the LXX
• Excursus 3:endentious palaeographical exegesis?
• Chapter 4. The Reconstruction of Elements Not Indicated in the Vorlage of the Translators
• A. Vocalization
• 1. Reconstructing "different vocalizations"
• 2. The translators' attitude towards the unvocalized text
• 3. The reconstruction of the vocalization
• 4. The grapheme
• 5. The translators and the reading tradition
• 6. The reliability of the reconstruction
• B. Word Divisions
• C. Sense Divisions
• Chapter 5. Variants, Variants/Non-Variants, and Pseudo-Variants
• A. Variants
• 1. Pluses
• 2. Minuses
• 3. Transpositions
• 4. Differences in words
• Excursus 1:Matres lectionis and final letters
• Excursus 2:Abbreviations?
• Excursus 3:The script of the Vorlage of the LXX
• Excursus 4:Variants retroverted from the revisions of the LXX
• B. Non-Variants
• C. Variants/Non-Variants
• 1. Connective waw/
• 2. Singular/plural forms of nouns and verbs
• 3. Pronouns
• 4. Active/passive forms of verbs
• 5. Prepositions
• 6. The article
• D. Pseudo-Variants
• 1. Interchange of similar letters in "difficult" Hebrew words
• 2. Intrinsically improbable readings
• 3. Deviations from MT in the LXX causing further deviations in the translation
• Excursus:tymological Exegesis
• Part II: The Nature and Evaluation of the Hebrew Text Underlying the LXX
• Chapter 6. The Nature of the Hebrew Text Underlying the LXX
• A. The geographical provenance of the Hebrew text underlying the LXX
• B. The relationship between the Hebrew text underlying the LXX and ancient Hebrew witnesses of the biblical text
• 1. Hebrew scrolls from Qumran
• 2. The Samaritan Pentateuch
• C. Characteristic features of the Hebrew text underlying the LXX
• D. Evaluation of the literary evidence in the LXX
• Chapter 7. The Evaluation of Retroverted Variants in Biblical Research
• A. General
• B. The evaluation of readings
• C. Some rules for evaluation
• Excursus:The evaluation of retroverted variants in the BH series
• Chapter 8. The Contribution of the LXX to the Literary Criticism of the Bible
• Indexes
• Index of authors
• Index of biblical passages.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This handbook provides a practical guide for the student and scholar alike who wishes to use the Septuagint (LXX) in the text-critical analysis of the Hebrew Bible. It does not serve as another theoretical introduction to the LXX, but it provides all the practical background information needed for the integration of the LXX in biblical studies. The LXX, together with the Masoretic Text and several Qumran scrolls, remains the most significant source of information for the study of ancient Scripture, but it is written in Greek, and many technical details need to be taken into consideration when using this tool. Therefore, a practical handbook such as this is needed for the integration of the Greek translation in the study of the Hebrew Bible. The Text-Critical Use of the Septuagint in Biblical Research is based on much background information, intuition and experience, clear thinking, and a solid description of the procedures followed. The author presents his handbook after half a century of study of the Septuagint, four decades of specialized teaching experience, and involvement in several research projects focusing on the relation between the Hebrew and Greek Bibles. The first two editions of this handbook, published by Simor of Jerusalem (Jerusalem Biblical Studies 3 [1981] and 8 [1997]), received much praise but have been out of print for a considerable period. This, the third, edition presents a completely revised version of the previous editions based on the many developments that took place in the analysis of the Septuagint, the Hebrew Bible and the Qumran Scrolls. Much new information has also been added. Eisenbrauns has been involved in the marketing of the previous two editions and is proud to offer now its own completely novel edition. A must for students of the Hebrew Bible, textual criticism, the Septuagint and the other ancient translations, Dead Sea Scrolls, and Jewish Hellenism.
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• List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Abbreviations;
• 1. The Ancient Religion; Chronology and the Writing; Reconstructing the Primordial Religion;
• 2. Two Styles of Thought; Analogical versus Rational-Instrumental Thinking; From Analogic to Dialogic; Social Basis of the Greek Breakthrough; Greek and Chinese Science; Imperatives in Leviticus;
• 3. Two Styles of Writing; The Language of Feeling; Containing and Covering; Mount Sinai;
• 4. Mountain, Tabernacle, Body in Leviticus 1-7; Logic of the Body; Forbidden Items; Entrails and Legs; The Inmost Being; The Doctrine of Remainders

• 5. The Totally Reformed ReligionDeuteronomy and Leviticus; The Central Sanctuary; No Cult of the Dead; Deuteronomy's Legislation;
• 6. Oracles Support Divine Justice; Divination and Sacrifice; Knowing When to Make a Private Sacrifice; Plausibility of Oracles; Priestly Divination; Inadvertent Sin; Sacrilege; Juridical Uses of the Oath;
• 7. Land Animals, Pure and Impure; Land Animals Under the Covenant; The Two Texts; Interpretations of Uncleanness/Impurity; Sacred Contagion;
• 8. Other Living Beings; God's Care for his Creation; Translating Swarming as Teeming; Leaven and Honey as Teeming Life

• Translating AbominationCreatures that Swarm in the Air; Competition in the Holiness Stakes; Conclusion;
• 9. Atonement for Sick Bodies; Loss of Vital Fluids; Leprosy; Reproductive Disorders;
• 10. The Two Screens; Leviticus a Projection of the Tabernacle; Fire for Fire, Burning for Burning; The Curser Cursed; Scandal of Talion; The Language of Oracles;
• 11. Inside the House/Book of God; Macro markers; The Outer Court; The Sanctuary; Atonement; Pedimental Composition;
• 12. Inside the Holy of Holies; The Great Proclamation of Liberty; Reading Leviticus through Genesis: Covering

• Reading Scapegoat and Scapebird through GenesisReferences; Index of Bible References; General Index; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; Q; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Z

This first full-scale account of Leviticus by a world renowned anthropologist presents the biblical work as a literary masterpiece. Seen in an anthropological perspective Leviticus has a mystical structure which plots the book into three parts corresponding to the three parts of the desert tabernacle, both corresponding to the parts of Mount Sinai. This completely new reading transforms the interpretation of the purity laws. The pig and other forbidden animals are not abhorrent, they command the same respect due to all God's creatures. Boldly challenging several traditions of Bible criticism, Mary Douglas claims that Leviticus is not the narrow doctrine of a crabbed professional priesthood but a powerful intellectual statement about a religion which emphasizes God's justice and compassion.
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• A Note on Texts
• Abbreviations Preface
• * Dante's Idea of the Bible * Biblical Truth in the Paradiso * The Bible in the Inferno: Misprision and Prophetic Appropriation *Una nuova legge: The Beatitudes in the Purgatorio * Dante's Apocalypse Conclusion: Poet of the Biblical World Works Cited.
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Dante Alighieri cited the Bible extensively in his Commedia, but also used his epic poem to meditate on the meaning of the Scriptures as a 'true' text. The Biblical Dante provides close readings of passages from the Commedia to explore how Dante's concept of Biblical truth differs sharply from modern notions. V. Stanley Benfell examines Dante's argument that the truth of the sacred text could only be revealed when engaged with in a transformative manner - and that a lack of such encounters in his time had led to a rise in greed and corruption, notably within the Church. He also illustrates how the poet put forth a vision for the restoration of a just society using Biblical language and imagery, revealing ideas of both earthly and eternal happiness. The Biblical Dante provides an insightful analysis of attitudes towards both the Bible and how it was read in the Medieval period.
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• Acknowledgments Read Me First Whose Bible Is It?
• 1. The Sound of the Biblical Voices
• 2. Historical Voices
• 3. Theological Voices
• 4. Legal Voices
• 5. Prophetic Voices
• 6. Women's Voices
• 7. Voices of the Wise
• 8. Foreign Voices
• 9. Voices of Song and Legend
• 10. Echoes and Reverberations Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The most common English translations of the Bible often sound like a single, somewhat archaic voice. In fact, the Bible is made up of many separate books composed by multiple writers in a wide range of styles and perspectives. It is, as Michael Carasik demonstrates, not a remote text reserved for churches and synagogues but rather a human document full of history, poetry, politics, theology, and spirituality. Using historic, linguistic, anthropological, and theological sources, Carasik helps us distinguish between the Jewish Bible's voices-the mythic, the historical, the prophetic, the theological, and the legal. By articulating the differences among these voices, he shows us not just their messages and meanings but also what mattered to the authors. In these contrasts we encounter the Bible anew as a living work whose many voices tell us about the world out of which the Bible grew-and the world that it created. Listen to the author's podcast.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Paul, the Old Testament, and theological reading : recent interpretation and a search for a theological approach
• Placing the exegetical/theological argument of 2 Corinthians 5.14-6.10
• The servant of Yahweh and 2 Corinthians 5.14-21 : Paul's reading of the redemptive drama of Isaiah 40-66
• Paul : a servant of the servant
• The theological implications of Paul's Old Testament reading.

Paul's reading of the Old Testament continues to witness to the significance of reading the Old Testament in a Christian way. This study argues that a theological approach to understanding Paul's appeal to and reading of the Old Testament, especially Isaiah, offers important insights into the ways in which Christians should read the Old Testament and a two-testament canon today. By way of example, this study explores the ways in which Isaiah 40-66's canonical form presents the gospel in miniature with its movement from Israel to Servant to servants. It is subsequently argued that Paul follows this literary movement in his own theological reflection in 2 Corinthians 5:14-6:10. Jesus takes on the unique role and identity of the Servant of Isaiah 40-55, and Paul takes on the role of the servants of the Servant in Isaiah 53-66. From this exegetical exploration conclusions are drawn in the final chapter that seek to apply a term from the history of interpretation to Paul's reading, that is, the plain sense of Scripture. What does an appeal to plain sense broker? And does Paul's reading of the Old Testament look anything like a plain sense reading? Gignilliat concludes that Paul is reading the Old Testament in such a way that the literal sense and its figural potential and capacity are not divorced but are actually organically linked in what can be termed a plain sense reading.
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• Machine generated contents note:
• Ch. 1 method of analysis
• Ch. 2 rhetoric of the characterization of God
• Ch. 3 rhetoric of the characterization of Jesus
• Ch. 4 rhetoric of the characterization of Jesus' disciples
• Ch. 5 Recapitulation : the women at the tomb
• Ch. 6 Applications, implications, and conclusion
• App. A organization of cultivated beliefs about God
• App. B organization of cultivated beliefs about Jesus.

• Deuteronomy in the Judaism of the Second Temple Period / Timothy H. Lim
• Deuteronomy in Mark's Gospel / Steve Moyise
• Deuteronomy in Matthew's Gospel / Maarten J.J. Menken
• Deuteronomy in Luke-Acts / Dietrich Rusam
• Deuteronomy in John's Gospel / Michael Labahn
• Deuteronomy in Galatians and Romans / Roy E. Ciampa
• Deuteronomy in 1 and 2 Corinthians / Brian S. Rosner
• Deuteronomy in the Pastoral Epistles / Gerd Häfner
• Deuteronomy in Hebrews / Gert J. Steyn
• Deuteronomy in Revelation / Michael Tilly.

Deuteronomy in the New Testament brings together a set of specially commissioned studies by authors who are experts in the field. After an introductory chapter on the use of Deuteronomy in the second temple literature, each of the New Testament books that contain quotations from Deuteronomy are discussed: Matthew, Mark, Luke-Acts, John, Romans & Galatians, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Hebrews, the Pastoral Epistles and Revelation. The book provides an overview of the status, role and function of Deuteronomy in the first century. It considers the Greek and Hebrew manuscript traditions and offers insights into the various hermeneutical stances of the New Testament authors and the development of New Testament theology.
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• Intro
• Contents
• Introduction
• 1. Added Detail in the Samaritan Version of Leviticus 17:4 concerning the Sacrifices
• 2. An Expansion to the Passover Law: Leviticus 23:5-8 and Numbers 28:16-25 Compared
• 3. From Glosses to Larger Expansions: The Masoretic Text of Numbers 13-14 Compared with the Septuagint and the Samaritan Pentateuch
• 4. Late Additions or Editorial Shortening? Joshua 20 in the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint
• 5. A Qumran Manuscript as Evidence of an Addition in the Masoretic Text: Judges 6:7-10
• 6. A Secondary Omission in the Masoretic Text of 1 Samuel 10:1
• 7. An Addition in a Qumran Manuscript as Evidence for the Continuous Growth of the Text: 1 Samuel 10:27-11:1
• 8. The Septuagint Provides Evidence of a Late Addition in the Masoretic Text: 1 Kings 6:11-4
• 9. From Small Additions to Rewriting in the Story about the Burning of Jerusalem
• 10. Evidence for the Literary Growth of Gedaliah's Murder in 2 Kings 25:25, Jeremiah 41:1-3 MT, and Jeremiah 48:1-3 LXX
• 11. Techniques of Rewriting Prophecy: Jeremiah 48 Compared with Isaiah 15-16
• 12. Evidence of Psalm Composition: Psalm 108 as a Secondary Compilation of Other Psalm Texts
• 13. Revision of Ezra-Nehemiah in 1 Esdras: Expansions, Omissions, and Rewritings
• 14. Evidence for Large Additions in the Book of Esther
• 15. Evidence for Expansions, Relocations, Omissions, and Rewriting: Joash the King and Jehoiada the Priest in 2 Kings 11-12 and 2 Chronicles 22-24
• Conclusions: Empirical Evidence of Editorial Processes
• Bibliography
• Index of Sources
• Index of Authors.

• "The Jewish Cincinnatus" : Biblical Republicanism in the Age of the American Revolution
• "The United Tribes, or States of Israel" : The Hebrew Republic as a Political Model before the Civil War
• "A Truly American Spirit of Writing" : Pseudobiblicism, the Early Republic, and the Cultural Origins of the Book of Mormon
• Tribes Lost and Found : Israelites in Nineteenth-Century America
• Evangelicalism, Slavery, and the Decline of an Old Testament Nation
• Conclusion: Beyond Old Testamentism : The New Israel after the Civil War.

The Bible has always been an integral part of American political culture. Yet in the years before the Civil War, it was the Old Testament, not the New Testament, that pervaded political rhetoric. From Revolutionary times to about 1830, numerous American politicians, commentators, ministers, and laymen depicted their young nation as a new, God-chosen Israel and relied on the Old Testament for political guidance. In this original book, historian Eran Shalev closely examines how this powerful predilection for Old Testament narratives and rhetoric in early America shaped a wide range of debates and cultural discussions - from republican ideology, constitutional interpretation, southern slavery, and more generally the meaning of American nationalism to speculations on the origins of American Indians and to the emergence of Mormonism. Shalev argues that the effort to shape the United States as a biblical nation reflected conflicting attitudes within the culture - proudly boastful on the one hand, but uncertain about its abilities and ultimate destiny on the other. With great nuance, American Zion explores for the first time the meaning and lasting effects of the idea of the United States as a new Israel, and sheds new light on our understanding of the nation's origins and culture during the founding and antebellum decades.
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• 1. Introduction--
• 2. The Ancient, Social Context of Dreams--
• 3. The Ancient, Literary Context of Dreams, PART I: The Script of Dreams--
• 4. The Ancient, Literary Context of Dreams, PART II: The Literary Function of Dreams--
• 5. Dreams in the Gospel of Matthew--
• 6. Conclusion-- Appendix: The Matthean Transfiguration as a Dream-Vision Report? Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Dodson reads the dreams in the Gospel of Matthew (1:18b-25; 2:12, 13-15, 19-21, 22; 27:19) as the authorial audience. This approach requires an understanding of the social and literary character of dreams in the Greco-Roman world. Dodson describes the social function of dreams, noting that dreams constituted one form of divination in the ancient world, and looks at the theories and classification of dreams that developed in the ancient world. He then moves on to demonstrate the literary dimensions of dreams in Greco-Roman literature. This exploration of the literary representation of dreams is nuanced by considering the literary form of dreams, dreams in the Greco-Roman rhetorical tradition, the inventiveness of literary dreams, and the literary function of dreams. The dreams in the Gospel of Matthew are then analyzed in this social and literary context. It is demonstrated that Matthews use of dreams as a literary convention corresponds to the script of dreams in other Greco-Roman narratives. This correspondence includes the form of the Matthean dreams, dreams as a motif of the birth topos (1:18b-25), the association of dreams and prophecy (1:22-23; 2:15, 23), the use of the double-dream report (2:12 and 2:13-15), and dreams as an ominous sign in relation to an individuals death (27:19). An appendix considers the Matthean transfiguration as a dream-vision report.
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• Frontmatter
• Acknowledgments
• Contents
• Abbreviations of Common Reference Works and Editions
• Introduction
• Chapter 1. Rationale and Approach
• Chapter 2. Narratives for Praise and Blame: Tacitus on Agricola, Philo on Flaccus
• Chapter 3. Governors in Historiography: Josephus' Judean War and Judean Antiquities
• Chapter 4. An Agent of Rome in the Gospel of Luke: Pontius Pilate
• Chapter 5. Paul and Rome: The Governors in Acts
• Bibliography
• Index.

Luke-Acts contains a wealth of material that is relevant to politics, and the relationship between Jesus and his followers and the Roman Empire becomes an issue at a number of points. The author's fundamental attitude toward Rome is hard to discern, however. The complexity of Luke's task as both a creative writer and a mediator of received tradition, and perhaps as well the author's own ambivalence, have left conflicting evidence in the narrative. Scholarly treatments of the issue have tended to survey in a relatively short scope a great amount of material with different degrees of relevance to the question and representing different proportions of authorial contribution and traditional material. This book attempts to make a contribution to the discussion by narrowing the focus to Luke's depiction of the Roman provincial governors in his narrative, interpreted in terms of his Greco-Roman literary context. Luke's portraits of Roman governors can be seen to invoke expectations and concerns that were common in the literary context. By these standards Luke's portrait of these Roman authority figures is relatively critical, and demonstrates his preoccupation with Rome's judgment of the Christians more than a desire to commend Roman rule.
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• What is the Old Testament?-- what does it mean?-- did it all happen?-- what does archaeology contribute?-- what kind of society was Israel?-- what is man?-- the Old Testament as liberation?-- what kind of literature?-- what kind of religion?-- is a theology possible?
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Study of the Old Testament has long been dominated by what is sometimes called the 'historical-critical method': careful analysis of individual books in order to discover their component sources, with great emphasis on historical context and concern, especially in the prophetic books, to isolate what was original and (it was therefore assumed) most important. In recent years people have asked whether this approach is the only proper one, and whether there may not be alternative understandings which are equally valid. This book attempts to outline some of those alternatives while retaining the values of the traditional methods. Nine separate chapters set out the importance of sociology and anthropology, of liberation and feminist perspectives, and of literary criticism, as well as the more traditional approaches, in a way that will be comprehensible to those approaching the Old Testament for the first time as well as for those who are not satisfied with existing conventions of study.
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• Cover; Editorial Board; Title; Copyright; CONTENTS; Acknowledgments; Preface; Abbreviations; Introduction;
• Chapter 1 MARKAN PRESENT TIME: THE GOSPEL AS PICARESQUE NOVELLA;
• Chapter 2 NARRATIVE AS MEMORY: GOSPEL AS FRAGMENTS;
• Chapter 3 NARRATIVE DURATION: SUSPENDED TIME;
• Chapter 4 THE END OF FEAR: MYTHIC TIME IN THE GOSPEL OF MARK; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index of References; Index of Authors.

Here is a compact study of how Mark's Gospel meditates on time. It examines how the Gospel's contemporary setting in ordinary time defines its genre, and how Mark uses the Hebrew scriptures to remember and recall past teachings, prophecies and histories. The suspended time narratives, Mark's 'intercalations', on the other hand, interrupt the narrative of the critical time present. Finally, by bringing the eternal horizon into the events of the present, Mark's 'mythic time' reveals the crisis events as a momentary interruption of ordinary time. Similarly, during the 'ritual time', the Gospel narrative breaks with its own historical setting in order to unravel the dead-endedness of the crisis story by symbolically taking it outside time.
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• Introduction-- Part one: 1 Corinthians 5:5: A Critical Reception History: this section considers previous interpretations of 1 Corinthians 5:5 and assesses these arguments for their strengths and weaknesses.-- Part two: Jewish and Graeco-Roman Traditions of ('Binding') Cursing: part two offers a broad examination of Jewish and Graeco-Roman traditions of magic and cursing in order to demonstrate the common practice of magic and cursing in the apostle Paul's cultural milieu.-- Part three: The Curse Interpretation - Reformulated: this section draws upon the previous two parts to offer a fresh interpretation of 1 Corinthians 5, avoiding the pitfalls of previous interpreters and drawing upon fresh material (considered in the previous part [two]).-- Conclusion-- Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This is a fresh, cogent and persuasive reading of the notoriously difficult 1 Corinthians 5, examining the history of interpretation of this passage. 1 Corinthians 5:5 is a curious passage which has been variously interpreted by scholars. For some, it denotes a magical curse which is designed to cause the physical death of the sinner. Others have found such an interpretation unpersuasive. Instead, they maintain that Paul's words at verse five are to be understood as a metaphor for exclusion from the Corinthian community. So, the errant Corinthian is not to die by a curse, but is to be excluded.This work argues for the former interpretation by marshalling a range of the most recent - specialised - magical material, which has not been considered by other works in relation to 1 Corinthians 5. It fully acknowledges the weaknesses of previous magical interpretations, and metaphorical approaches to the passage. Instead, it presents a fresh magical reading of not only 1 Corinthians 5:5, but the whole of 1 Corinthians 5 - within its wider context of the apostle Paul's letter to the Corinthians.Formerly the "Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement", a book series that explores the many aspects of New Testament study including historical perspectives, social-scientific and literary theory, and theological, cultural and contextual approaches. "The Early Christianity in Context" series, a part of "JSNTS", examines the birth and development of early Christianity up to the end of the third century CE. The series places Christianity in its social, cultural, political and economic context. "European Seminar on Christian Origins" and "Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus Supplement" are also part of "JSNTS".
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• Contributors include: Bill Arnold, Hans Barstad, John Barton, Mark Boda, Kevin Cathcart, David Clines, Graham Davies, John Day, Iain Duguid, John Emerton, Richard Friedman, Susan Gillingham, Robert Gordon, Judith Hadley, Anselm Hagedorn, Elizabeth Hayes, Sara Japhet, John Jarick, Gary Knoppers, Arie van der Kooij, Reinhard Kratz, Andre Lemaire, Andrew Macintosh, J. Gordon McConville, Jill Middlemas, Alan Millard, Patrick Miller, Nadav Naaman, Iain Provan, David Reimer, Wolter Rose, Alison Salvesen, Kevin Spawn, Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer, Thomas Willi.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume honours Professor H. G. M. Williamson, Regius Professor of Hebrew at Oxford University through a collection of essays by colleagues and former students from across the globe. The various contributions intersect with the previous work of Professor Williamson, with special emphasis on the history of biblical research, study of the Hebrew language and Hebrew textual traditions, post-exilic historiography (Chronicles, Ezra-Nehemiah) and the prophets (especially Isaiah).
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• Preface-- Abreviations-- Introduction-- Outside the Johannine Text: Some Jewish Responses to the Fall of the Temple-- The New Temple: John
• 2. 13-22-- The New Beginning: The Prologue-- The Programmatic Vision of John 1.51-- A New Centre of Worship: John
• 4. 16-24-- The Temple Festivals: Part I The Passover Part II Tabernacles Part III Dedication Part IV The Sabbath The Father's House-- Possible Temple Connections in Jn 13 and 14-- Possible High Priestly and Temple Allusions in John 17-- Summary and Conclusions-- Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book is a study of the Johannine Christian response to the fall of the Jerusalem Temple in 70 ce. A crucial text in this investigation is Jn 2.13-22 and its context, which provide a lens through which other texts in John are viewed. Kerr's examination of the Temple festivals of Passover, Tabernacles, Dedication suggests that in Jesus fulfils and replaces these, while in the case of the Sabbath he effects a transformation. The overall conclusion is that the Johannine Jesus replaces and fulfils the Jerusalem Temple.
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• Introduction / Elizabeth Struthers Malbon and Edgar V. McKnight
• Redaction criticism : has the Hauptstrasse become a Sackgasse? / John R. Donahue, SJ
• The major importance of the minor characters in Mark / Elizabeth Struthers Malbon
• 'Watch how you listen' (Lk. 8.18) : Jesus and the rhetoric of perception in Luke-Acts / John A. Darr
• Reading Tabitha : a feminist reception history / Janice Capel Anderson
• The Gospel of Mark as an oral-aural event : implications for interpretation / Joanna Dewey
• Socio-rhetorical criticism : Mary, Elizabeth and the Magnificat as a test case / Vernon K. Robbins
• 'Since God is one' : rhetoric as theology and history in Paul's Romans / Antoinette Clark Wire
• Allegories of Hagar : reading Galatians 4.21-31 with postmodern feminist eyes / Elizabeth A. Castelli
• Peering into the abyss : a postmodern reading of the biblical bottomless pit / Tina Pippin.

• How Jesus' risen body became a cadaver / Stephen D. Moore
• The ethics of reading deconstructively, or speaking face-to-face : the Samaritan woman meets Derrida at the well / Gary A. Phillips
• A sheep in wolf's clothing : an option in contemporary New Testament hermeneutics / Edgar V. McKnight
• Matthew's dark light and the human condition / Dan O. Via
• What is it about? : reference in New Testament literary criticism / William A. Beardslee.

This publication presents the rich variety of critical methodologies in contemporary literary study of the New Testament. The tradition of study represented in the essays lies at the conjunction of developments in biblical studies and literary criticism: (1) the exhaustion of New Testament historical criticism in general and redaction criticism in particular; (2) the waning of Formalist-New Critical approaches in literary study; and (3) the emphasis upon the text in terms of language and discourse as the 'free play of signifiers'. The essays deal with theory, exegesis, and their interdependence in this new literary context. However, contributions of earlier epochs in the history of literary criticism and New Testament study are integrated into current approaches. For example, the issue of reference originating in the mimetic theories of classical antiquity is raised implicitly and explicitly. Implications of literary study for theology are suggested. The relationship between redaction-critical and literary approaches is examined. Theoretical and exegetical essays growing out of feminist literary study are offered. Orality, allegory, deconstruction, ideology, sociological criticism, rhetorical criticism, narrative criticism, as well as other themes and methods are discussed in the essays' treatment of writings of the New Testament. A rich variety of critical methodologies in contemporary literary study of the New Testament.
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• Preface--
• Chapter 1: What is Abuse?--
• 1. Self-Worth-- a. Self-Worth and Justification-- b. Resentment and Sell-Worth--
• 2. Happiness-- a. The Socratic Conception-- b. The Maimonidean Conception-- c. The Wittgensteinian Conception--
• 3. Power-- a. The Intuitive Paradigm-- b. The Moral Paradigm-- c. The Self-Restraint Paradigm--
• Chapter 2: Divine Abuse--
• 1. Job's Conception of Happiness-- a. The Worldly Conception-- b. The Moral Conception--
• 2. Job's Conception of Self-Worth-- a. Divine Abuse: Humiliation and Elevation-- b. Resentment and Moral Hatred of God--
• 3. Power and Power Relations-- a. Job's Conception of Power-- b. Job's Way of Exercising his Power--
• Chapter 3: The Way Out: From Abuse to Suffering--
• 1. Afflictions of Love and Love of Afflictions-- a. Afflictions of Love-- b. Love of Afflictions: The Sadist, the Masochist and the Slave--
• 2. Providence and Intervention-- a. Providence as Intervention-- b. Maimonides-- c. Simone Well--
• 3. Providence Lost-- a. Afflictions of Hate-- b. Malevolent Providence-- c. From Abuse to Suffering--
• Chapter 4: Forgiveness--
• 1. The Victim-- a. Harms, Wrongs and Hostile Emotions-- b. Resentment and Reason-- c. Overcoming Resentment--
• 2. The Assailant-- a. Telling the Moral Story-- b. Telling the Biographical Story-- c. Telling the Same Story--
• 3. Forgiveness-- a. Forgiveness without Reconciliation-- b. Reconciliation without Forgiveness-- c. Forgiveness and Reconciliation--
• Chapter 5: Forgiving God--
• 1. Protest-- a. Roth's Theodicy of Protest-- b. Blumenthal's Theology of Protest--
• 2. Beyond Protest-- a. Protest in Context-- b. Beyond Protest--
• 3. Forgiving God-- a. The Logical Space for Forgiveness-- b. Forgiving God-- c. Subsisting in Brokenness-- Conclusion-- Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Divinely Abused engages with the logical features of the experience of divine abuse and the religious difficulties to which it gives rise. Taking Job's trial as a test case, Verbin explores the relation between Job's manner of understanding and responding to his misfortunes and the responses of others such as rabbi Aqiva, Kierkegaard and Simone Weil. She discusses the religious crisis to which the experience of divine abuse gives rise and the possibility of sustaining a minimal relationship with the God who is experienced as an abuser by means of forgiving God.
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• 1. Synchronic Examination of Ancient Near Eastern Birth Annunciations--
• 2. Egypt, Ugarit, Hatti, Sumer--
• 3. Synchronic Examination of Hebrew Bible Birth Annunciations--
• 4. Isaac and Ishmael - Genesis-- 5 Jacob, Esau, Samson, Solomon--
• 6. Mission Tour Participants--
• 7. Comparison of Ancient Near Eastern and Hebrew Bible.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This is the first book to do an extended comparative study of birth annunciations in the Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near Eastern Mythology. This book takes a structural approach to the Heberw bible and Near Eastern Mythology by compraring and contrasting the various forms and functions. Birth annunciations play an important role in each of these narratives and the author claims that there is a textural overlap to be studied.
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• Introduction-- Contributors-- Abbreviations-- Chronology--
• Part 1 The Earliest Christian Gospels and Their Transmission-- 1 Early Christian Imagination and the Gospels, Sean Freyn-- 2 The Four Gospels and the One Gospel of Jesus Christ, Martin Hengel-- 3 Literacy, Liturgy and the Shaping of the New Testament Canon, Harry Gamble-- 4 Early Christian Preference for the Codex, Graham Stanton-- 5 The Diatessaron and the Fourfold Gospel, William L. Petersen-- 6 The Nag Hammadi Gospels and the Fourfold Gospel, James Robinson-- 7 The Latin Gospels, Martin McNamara--
• Part 2 The Chester Beatty Gospel Codex P45-- 1 The Significance of the Chester Beatty Papyri in Early Church History, Barbara Aland-- 2 Singular Readings in the Gospel Text of P45, J. K. Elliott-- 3 P45 and the Textual History of the Gospel of Mark, Larry Hurtado-- 4 The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri, Charles Horton-- Illustrations-- Maps-- Bibliography-- Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Earliest Gospels brings together the latest research on the origins of the gospels and their transmission, by many of the leading international New Testament scholars. It also provides the only guide to one of the most important primary sources in New Testament scholarship, the Chester Beatty Codex P45. Part 1 examines the general contextual background to the gospels: an introduction to the gospel genre, literacy among early Christians, and all that is known about the origins and transmission of the gospels. Part 2 focuses on the significance of P45, its place as the earliest Christian gospel-book, its unique readings, the earliest extant version of the gospel of Mark, and how the manuscript was found piece by piece by an American collector.
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• Introduction--
• Chapter 1: The Literary and Thematic Unity of 1 Corinthians 1-4--
• Chapter 2: The Social and Rhetorical Background of 1 Corinthians 1-4--
• Chapter 3: Paul and Sophistic Rhetoric in 1 Corinthians 1-4--
• Chapter 4: Apollos' Function in 1 Corinthians 1-4-- Summary and Conclusion-- Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book evaluates the role played by Paul's use of the Apollos name in his argumentation against dissention in the community of Corinth. Research into the social and rhetorical background of the Corinthian church, shows that the Corinthians were evaluating their leaders based on their rhetorical prowess, seeking to associate with those who would enhance their status and honour. The coherence of Paul's argument in "1 Corinthians" 1-4 is evaluated, particularly by showing how Paul's discourse of the cross and Sophia relate to the issue of the dissensions in the Corinthian ekklesia. Once demonstrated that there is a misunderstanding of wisdom amongst church leaders at the basis of the dissensions, a redefinition of the wisdom offered in "Corinthians" is required. In what could be considered the locus of Paul's theology of proclamation (i.e., "1 Corinthians" 2:1-5), he rejects any employment of worldly wisdom in his proclamation of the cross for theological reasons and will not allow himself or other leaders to be drawn into this game of personality cult and honour enhancement. Such conclusions then raise the question of the role played by Apollos' name in Paul's argument against dissensions. After a review of several possible views, it is concluded - based primarily on exegetical grounds and refusing to engage in hermeneutical speculations - that Paul had a congenial relationship with Apollos. If any distinction is drawn between the two, it was solely the Corinthians' fault, who viewed their preachers in competitive rather than complementary terms. Formerly the "Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement", a book series that explores the many aspects of New Testament study including historical perspectives, social-scientific and literary theory, and theological, cultural and contextual approaches. "The Early Christianity in Context" series, a part of JSNTS, examines the birth and development of early Christianity up to the end of the third century CE. The series places Christianity in its social, cultural, political and economic context. European Seminar on Christian Origins and "Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus Supplement" are also part of JSNTS.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Playing with Leviathan: Job and the aesthetic turn in biblical exegesis
• "Jonah historically regarded": improvisations on Kitto's Cyclopedia of biblical literature
• "Call me Ishmael": the BIble and the Orient
• Ahab, idolatry, and the question of possession: biblical politics
• Rachel's inconsolable cry: the rise of women's BIbles
• Epilogue.

Many writers in antebellum America sought to reinvent the Bible, but no one, Ilana Pardes argues, was as insistent as Melville on redefining biblical exegesis while doing so. In "Moby-Dick, " he not only ventured to fashion a grand new inverted Bible in which biblical rebels and outcasts assume center stage, but also aspired to comment on every imaginable mode of biblical interpretation, calling for a radical reconsideration of the politics of biblical reception. In "Melville's Bibles, " Pardes traces Melville's response to a whole array of nineteenth-century exegetical writings - literary scriptures, biblical scholarship, Holy Land travel narratives, political sermons, and women's bibles. She shows how Melville raised with unparalleled verve the question of what counts as Bible and what counts as interpretation.

• Cover; Editorial Board; Title; Copyright; Dedication; CONTENTS; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; INTRODUCTION; Chapter 1;
• Chapter 2 THE LETTER OF PAUL TO THE PHILIPPIANS: SOME PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS;
• Chapter 3 ''EVEN DEATH ON A CROSS'': A RHETORICAL EXEGETICAL EXAMINATION OF PHILIPPIANS 2.1-30;
• Chapter 4 ''WE ARE THE CIRCUMCISION'': A RHETORICAL EXEGETICAL EXAMINATION OF PHILIPPIANS 3.1-21; Chapter 5; Bibliography; Index of References; Index of Authors.

Enemies of the Cross' employs classical rhetorical analysis to examine how Paul structures a deliberative argument using his understanding of the 'cross of Christ'. His goals are to guide/advise the Philippian community through internal and external strife (ch. 2), combat his opponents (ch.3), and develop his notion of the eschatological community (3:18-21). Williams proposes that while Paul has a 'theology of the death of Jesus', of which cross terminology is one of several aspects, this terminology is used almost exclusively in polemical/conflictual contexts. Hence Paul appears to be using 'cross of Christ' not so much as a doctrine but rather as a rhetorical tool, in a context of conflict and strife, to support his understanding of eschatology, apostolic service, the nature of Christian existence, and community among the saints.
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• Tracking the trail of scent: an introduction
• The aroma of daily life: aromatics in Roman and rabbinic culture
• Election and the erotic: biblical portrayals of perfume and incense
• Spicy ideologies: fragrance and rabbinic beliefs
• Soothing odors: death, suffering, and sacrifice
• Ephemerality and fragrance: desire for divine immanence.

"Studies aroma in Jewish life and literature in Palestine in the late Roman and early Byzantine periods. Uses the history and material culture of perfume and incense as a lens to view daily activities"--Provided by publisher.

• Reading as a Jew and as a scholar
• What is the Bible, anyway?
• The art of reading the Bible
• A brief history of Israel
• With scissors and paste : the sources of Genesis
• Creation vs. creationism : Genesis 1-3 as myth
• The ancestors as heroes
• Biblical law : codes and collections
• Incense is offensive to me : the cult in ancient Israel
• "In the fortieth year-- Moses addressed the Israelites : Deuteronomy
• "The walls came tumbling down" : reading Joshua
• "May my lord King David live forever" : royal ideology in Samuel and Judges
• "For Israel tore away from the house of David" : reading Kings
• Revisionist history : reading Chronicles
• Introduction to prophecy
• "Let justice well up like water" : reading Amos
• "They shall beat their swords into plowshares" : reading (first) Isaiah
• "I will make this house like Shiloh" : reading Jeremiah
• "I will be for them a mini-temple" : reading Ezekiel
• "Comfort, oh comfort my people" : the exile and beyond
• "Those that sleep in the dust-- will awake" : Zechariah, apocalyptic literature, and Daniel
• Prayer of many hearts : reading Psalms
• "Acquire wisdom" : reading Proverbs and Ecclesiastes
• "Being but dust and ashes" : reading Job
• "Drink deep of love!" : reading Song of Songs
• "Why are you so kind-- when I am a foreigner?" : reading Ruth vs. Esther
• The creation of the Bible.

Annotation Shedding new light on the Bible by reading it as it was meant in the time and place in which it was writtenIn his new book, master Bible scholar and teacher Marc Brettler argues that today?s contemporary readers can only understand the ancient Hebrew scripture by knowing more about the culture that produced it. And so Brettler unpacks the literary conventions, ideological assumptions, and historical conditions that inform the biblical text and demonstrates how modern critical scholarship and archaeological discoveries shed light on this fascinating and complex literature. Brettler surveys representative biblical texts from different genres to illustrate how modern scholars have taught us to?read? these texts. Using the?historical-critical method? long popular in academia, he guides us in reading the Bible as it was read in the biblical period, independent of later religious norms and interpretive traditions. Understanding the Bible this way lets us appreciate it as an interesting text that speaks in multiple voices on profound issues. This book is the first?Jewishly sensitive? introduction to the historical-critical method. Unlike other such introductory texts, the Bible that this book speaks about is the Jewish one?with the three-part TaNaKH arrangement, the sequence of books found in modern printed Hebrew editions, and the chapter and verse enumerations used in most modern Jewish versions of the Bible. In an afterword, the author discusses how the historical-critical method can help contemporary Jews relate to the Bible as a religious text in a more meaningful way.
Annotation In his new book, master Bible scholar and teacher Marc Brettler argues that today's contemporary readers can only understand the ancient Hebrew Scripture by knowing more about the culture that produced it. And so Brettler unpacks the literary conventions, ideological assumptions, and historical conditions that inform the biblical text and demonstrates how modern critical scholarship and archaeological discoveries shed light on this fascinating and complex literature. Brettler surveys representative biblical texts from different genres to illustrate how modern scholars have taught us to "read" these texts. Using the "historical-critical method" long popular in academia, he guides us in reading the Bible as it was read in the biblical period, independent of later religious norms and interpretive traditions. Understanding the Bible this way lets us appreciate it as an interesting text that speaks in multiple voices on profound issues. This book is the first "Jewishly sensitive" introduction to the historical-critical method. Unlike other introductory texts, the Bible that this book speaks about is the Jewish one-with the three-part TaNaKH arrangement, the sequence of books found in modern printed Hebrew editions, and the chapter and verse enumerations used in most modern Jewish versions of the Bible. In an afterword, the author discusses how the historical-critical method can help contemporary Jews relate to the Bible as a religious text in a more meaningful way.

• Cover; Editorial Board; Title; Copyright; CONTENTS; Preface; Miscellany;
• Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: ''ARE ALL SALES FINAL, OR CAN I RETURN THIS BOOK?'';
• Chapter 2 ''WHAT IS THE LAY OF THE LAND?'' OR ''WHY SHOULD I CARE?'';
• Chapter 3 TOWARD A DEFINITION OF A RHETORIC OF POWER;
• Chapter 4 THE (NEW) RHETORICAL CRITICISM(S) AND NEW TESTAMENT EXEGESIS;
• Chapter 5 MESSAGES IN A BOTTLE: THE PROMISE(S) OF A RHETORIC OF POWER; ASSORTED BIBLIOGRAPHIES; Index of References; Index of Authors.

Rhetorical criticism promised to bring New Testament studies into a new era that approached the Bible as a document of persuasive discourse. Major proponents of this approach suggested that its potential lies in its democratization of biblical interpretation. To date, that promise has never been fulfilled. The reasons can be found by exploring the rhetoric of these rhetorical critics. Such an exploration uncovers systems of disciplinary constraints and discursive habits that keep rhetoric firmly within traditional units of academic biblical interpretation. The promise of rhetoric can only be f.

• Acknowledgments
• 1 A Dissonant Voice of Hope: An Introduction to the Interpretation of Jeremiah 30-31
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 The Art and the Act of Interpretation
• 1.3 The Book of Consolation
• 1.4 The Outline of this Book
• 2 Abbreviation, Expansion or Two Traditions: The Text of Jeremiah 30-31
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 A Textual Comparison
• 2.2.1 Zero Variants
• 2.2.2 Linguistic Exegesis
• 2.2.3 Instance where the MT Has a Corruption
• 2.2.4 Instances where the Old Greek Did Not Understand Its Vorlage
• 2.2.5 Secondary Additions in the LXX
• 2.2.6 Minor Content Variants.

• 2.2.7 Content Variants
• 2.2.8 A Rearranged Unit
• 2.3 Conclusions
• 3 Cola, Canticles and Subcantos: The Macrostructure of Jeremiah 30-31
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Previous Proposals
• 3.3 Petuha and Setuma in Various Manuscripts
• 3.4 Macro Syntactical Indicators
• 3.5 Conclusions
• 3.6 The Composition of Jeremiah 30-31: A Proposal
• 3.7 Delimitation of Lines
• 3.8 Delimitation of Strophes
• 3.9 Delimitation of Canticles
• 3.10 Remarks on the Macro-Structure of Jeremiah 30-31
• 4 'I Will Break His Yoke From Off Your Neck': An Interpretation of Jeremiah 30:5-11
• 4.1 Introduction.

• 4.2 Text and Translation
• 4.3 Composition
• 4.3.1 Awful Terror Jer. 30:5-7
• 4.3.2 Prophecy of Liberation Jeremiah 30:8-9
• 4.3.3 Oracle of Salvation Jeremiah 30:10-11
• 4.4 Literary and Conceptual Unity of Jeremiah 30:5-11
• 5 Divine Changeability: An Interpretation of Jeremiah 30:12-17
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Text and Translation
• 5.3 Literary Unity or Complex Composition?
• 5.3.1 Critical Positions: Duhm, Volz and Holladay
• 5.3.2 Arguing for Literary Unity
• 5.4 The Conceptual Coherence of Jer. 30:12-17
• 5.4.1 Motif and Model: Incurable Fracture and Divine Force Majeure.

• 5.4.2 The Linguistics of lākēn
• 5.4.3 Relations between the Actors
• 5.5 Divine Changeability and Shifts in Time
• 6 Between Anger and Harmony: An Interpretation of Jeremiah 31:15-22
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 A Voice Was Heard in Ramah
• 6.2.1 The Quotation in Matthew
• 6.2.2 The Literary Structure of Jeremiah 31:15-17
• 6.2.3 A Conceptual Comparison between Jer. 31:15-17 and Mt. 2:18
• 6.2.4 Conclusion
• 6.3 Human Repentance and Divine Compassion
• 6.3.1 Text and Translation of Jer. 31:18-20
• 6.3.2 Compositional and Stylistic Observations
• 6.3.3 Yhwh Hears Ephraim's Complaint.

• 6.3.4 Ephraim's Complaint and Change
• 6.3.5 Yhwh's Compassionate Reaction
• 6.4 The Woman shall encompass the Man
• 6.4.1 Text and Translation
• 6.4.2 Imperatives to Return
• 6.4.3 Ketîb-Qerê and the Return of the Divine Glory
• 6.4.4 An Enigmatic Motivation
• 6.5 The Conceptual Coherence of Jeremiah 31:15-22
• 7 Sour Fruit and Blunt Teeth: The Metaphorical Meaning of the māšāl in Jeremiah 31:29
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Tragic Fatalism versus Personal Responsibility
• 7.3 The Context of the Saying
• 7.4 The Interpretation of the New Saying.

Jeremiah's "Little Book of Consolation" is an intruiging text that provokes a series of interpretative difficulties. Is the text originally from Jeremiah? Can it be construed as a literary coherence or is a complex literary process of emergence to be accepted? What is meant by the 'New Covenant'? In this monograph Jer. 30-31 is read applying a variety of methods. The text-critical chapter argues for the reinforcement of the editorial theory according to which MT and LXXJer. are to be construed as two different versions. Much attention is paid to the delimitation criticism of these two chapters leading to the assumption that they are composed of ten Sub-Cantos. Five of these Sub-Cantos are interpreted taking into account Ancient Near Eastern textual material in order to understand the mental framework of the ancient reader. The final chapter pleads for the conceptual coherence of Jer. 30-31 which is seen as based on the idea of divine changeability.
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• Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Abbreviations; List of Figures, Tables and Maps; Preface; PART I Introductory Material; 1 Introduction to Textual Criticism; 2 Transmissional Errors Occurring in the Bible; 3 Transmission of the Biblical Texts; PART II Old Testament Textual Criticism; 4 A Brief History of Old Testament Textual Criticism; 5 Determining the Most Plausible Original Reading; 6 Getting to Know the Sources of Old Testament Textual Criticism; PART III New Testament Textual Criticism; 7 A Brief History of New Testament Textual Criticism.

• 8 Determining the Most Plausible Reading9 Getting to Know the Sources of New Testament Textual Criticism; PART IV Additional Ancient Versions for Old and New Testament Textual Criticism; 10 Examining the Ancient Versions; Conclusions; Glossary; Permissions; Names Index; Subject Index; Scripture Index; More Titles from InterVarsity Press.

The Bible has been on a long historical journey since its original composition. Its texts have been copied and recopied. And despite the most careful and painstaking efforts of scribes and publishers down through the centuries, errors of one sort or another have crept in and have been reproduced. Sorting out the errors and determining the original wording is the task of textual criticism. In fact, the task of textual criticism is so daunting and detailed that it is divided between Old Testament textual critics and New Testament textual critics. That is why nearly every book on the subject focu.

• The Triune God
• The passion of Christ
• Baptism
• The Mosaic law
• Grace
• The virtue of religion
• Romans 1:20 in the Summa Theologiae
• I Corinthians 13 in the Summa Theologiae
• Philippians 2:5-11 in the Summa Theologiae.

Aquinas's commentaries on St. Paul are well known and have received significant attention in the past few years. It is widely known, too, that Aquinas quotes Paul often in the Summa Theologiae. This aspect of the Summa, however, has not been studied in detail. This book seeks to fill that lacuna in scholarship. The book's brief introduction treats Aquinas as a biblically erudite theologian, and offers some basic statistical data regarding his use of Paul in the Summa Theologiae. The book's nine chapters track in detail Aquinas's use of Pauline quotations in his theological argumentation. The first six chapters examine Paul in particular "treatises:" the triune God, grace, charity, the virtue of religion, the Passion of Christ, and baptism. The last three chapters investigate Pauline texts as they are used throughout the Summa: Romans 1:20, 1 Corinthians 13, and Philippians 2:5-11. Chapters 1-3 are organised by the order of the treatise; chapters 4-6 are organised by order of the Pauline letters. This multifaceted procedure provides a rich, detailed picture of Aquinas's use of Paul in the Summa. The guiding question is whether, and if so how, we can describe Aquinas's theology as Pauline or as deeply influenced by Paul. Aquinas does not seek to understand Paul's theology in its Second Temple context, and Aquinas often uses Pauline texts in a way that takes them out of context or that uses them in response to a theological problem unknown to Paul. Levering argues that Aquinas's theology is indeed deeply Pauline, offering ample evidence that Aquinas captures the central Pauline themes and gives them a central place in his own theology.
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• America's Bible: loving it and leaving it
• The story told by numbers
• Does it make any difference?
• Bibles galore
• What if nobody read it?
• The perfect is the enemy of the good
• Moses in cyberspace
• Who says what the Bible says?
• Canon fodder
• The eye of the Bible beholder
• The fragility of teaching and learning scripture
• Speaking personally
• Song and dance
• The story of the greatest story ever told awaits a new chapter.

How can a book -- one that's found in courthouses, libraries, and millions of households across the land -- be everywhere and nowhere at the same time? In this book, veteran religion writer Kenneth Briggs asks how, even as the Bible remains the best-selling book of all time, fewer Americans than ever can correctly articulate what it says, much less how it might offer guidance for their lives. In a quest to make sense of the Bible's relative disappearance from public life, Briggs shares with readers his own two-year cross-country journey to a variety of places. Brigg's narrative incorporates pertinent interviews throughout with preachers, pollsters, scholars, and ordinary citizens from California to Texas to Florida to Massachusetts. As he probes and reflects on his varied findings, Briggs offers keen insight into why and how the Bible's place in American public life has shifted and shrunk -- and he suggests what role the Bible may play in the US in years to come. -- adapted from book flap.

• Authorial intention and the Divisio textus / John F. Boyle
• The theological role of the fathers in Aquinas's Super evangelium S. Ioannis lectura / Stephen F. Brown
• Biblical exegesis and the speculative doctrine of the Trinity in St. Thomas Aquinas's Commentary on St. John / Gilles Emery
• What does the Spirit have to do? / Bruce D. Marshall
• Does the paschal mystery reveal the Trinity? / Matthew Levering
• The analogy of mission and obedience: a central point in the relation between Theologia and Oikonomia in St. Thomas Aquinas's Commentary on John / Michael Waldstein
• Creation in St. Thomas Aquinas's Super evangelium S. Joannis lectura / David B. Burrell
• Eternity and time in St. Thomas Aquinas's lectures on St. John's gospel / Matthew L. Lamb
• Divine providence and John 15:5 / Steven A. Long
• The concept of "life" in the Commentary on St. John / Carlo Leget
• Christ the teacher in St. Thomas's Commentary on the gospel of John / Michael Sherwin
• "Come and see" / Janet E. Smith
• And Jesus wept: notes towards a theology of mourning / Richard Schenk
• The extent of Jesus' human knowledge according to the fourth gospel / Benedict M. Ashley
• Anti-docetism in Aquinas's Super Ioannem: St. Thomas as defender of the full humanity of Christ / Paul Gondreau
• Aquinas and Christ's resurrection: the influence of the Lectura super Ioannem 20-21 on the Summa theologiae / Pim Valkenberg
• "That the faithful become the Temple of God": the church militant in Aquinas's Commentary on John / Frederick Christian Bauerschmidt
• "And they shall all be taught by God": Wisdom and the Eucharist in John 6 / Michael Dauphinais
• The role of the apostles in the communication of Revelation according to the Lectura super Ioannem of St. Thomas Aquinas / Serge-Thomas Bonino.

Written by leading experts on Aquinas's theology, the essays in Reading John with St. Thomas Aquinas bear common witness to a central theological conviction: the tasks of biblical exegesis and speculative theology, though distinct, indwell and inform each other. As the first book-length study of the full breadth of Aquinas's Commentary on the Gospel of John, this work illuminates the way in which thinking systematically or speculatively about revelation flows from questions raised within biblical exegesis itself. Like any medieval biblical commentator, Aquinas attempts to understand a biblical text not only in itself but also by appealing to parallel interpretive texts drawn from throughout the Bible as well as the accumulated insights of the Church Fathers. This method enables him to penetrate deeply into the thought of the Bible, recognizing that the biblical authors - speaking from within the context of Israel and the Church - raise questions that are theological and that belong to coherent speculative theological frameworks. The result is, in large part, a speculative theological commentary that is not imposed on the biblical texts but emerges from it. The essays in Reading John with St. Thomas Aquinas seek to illumine the necessary conjunction of the inspired words of Scripture, exegetical commentary, and theological analysis. The volume is both a study of Aquinas's thought and an attempt to foster contemporary exegetical approaches that emphasize the need to interpret Scripture speculatively, through the historical lens of tradition.
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• Abbreviations
• The Religion of Canaan and the God of Israel The God of the Fathers 'El and the God of the Fathers 'El in the Ugaritic Pantheon The Epithets of 'El 'El in the Canaanite Myth 'El and Ba'l Hamon The Abode of 'El 'El the Divine Patriarch Yahweh and 'El 'El in the Bible 'El Epithets in Patriarchal Narratives The Name Yahweh
• The Cultus of the Israelite League Prolegomena The Myth and Ritual School The History-of- Redemption School The Divine Warrior Psalm 24 and the Warrior-King The "Ritual Conquest" Transformations of the "Ritual Conquest" The Song of the Sea and Canaanite Myth The Mythic Cycle of Ba'l and 'Anat The Song of the Sea
• League and Kingdom Yahweh and Ba'I The Theophany of Ba'l The Storm Theophany in the Bible The Revelation at Sinai History of the Tradition of the Storm Theophany 'El's Modes of Revelation Yahweh and the Council of the Gods Ba'l versus Yahweh The Priestly Houses of Early Israel The Classical View of Israel's Early Priesthood The Function of the Stories of Conflict The Priestly Genealogies The Priests of David's National Shrine
• Kings and Prophets The Ideologies of Kingship in the Era of the Empire: Conditional Covenant and Eternal Decree The Limited Monarchy of Saul and Monarchy in the Northern Kingdom Davidic Kingship The Imperial Rule of Solomon The Judaean Royal Theology The Typology of the Royal Ideology A Brief Excursus on berit, "Covenant" The Themes of the Book of Kings and the Structure of the Deuteronomistic History The Contemporary Discussion of the Structure of the Deuteronornistic History The Two Themes of the First Edition of the Deuteronomistic History (Dtr1) The Theme of the Exilic Edition of the History (Dtr2) The Two Editions of the Deuteronomistic History
• Exile and Apocalyptic The Priestly Work The So-Called P-Source of the Pentateuch The P System of Covenants Is P a Narrative Source? Documents Used by P Archaizing Language in P The Date of P The Composition of the Priestly Work The Early History of the Apocalyptic Community at Qumran The Archaeological Context of the Qumran Qumran and the Essenes The Essenes: Priestly Apocalyptists Essene Origins A Note on the Study of Apocalyptic Origins
• Index of Biblical Citations Index of Ugaritic Citations Index of Technical Terms Index of Authors General Index.
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The essays in this volume address key aspects of Israelite religious development. Cross traces the continuities between early Israelite religion and the Canaanite culture from which it emerged; explores the tension between the mythic and the historical in Israel's religious expression; and examines the reemergence of Canaanite mythic material in the apocalypticism of early Christianity and the Dead Sea Scrolls.
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• Contents
• Acknowledgments Note on the Text
• Introduction: Another Bible that Is Borderline
• 1 Into the Whirlwind: God's Answer to Job's Complaint
• 2 The Economy, Stupid! The Teaching of Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew Interlude: Displaced Exegete: A Scriptural Biography
• 3 Such a Little Thing! The Tongue and Alternate Subjectivity in the Epistle of James
• 4 Interrupting Hope: The Book of Revelation Conclusion: After the Bible: Life's Largesse
• Notes Bibliography Index.
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In Borderline Exegesis, Leif Vaage presents an alternative approach to biblical interpretation, or exegesis--an approach that bends the boundaries of the traditional North American methodology to analyze the meaning of biblical texts for a wider audience. To accomplish this, Vaage engages in a practice he calls "borderline exegesis." Adapting anthropological notions of borderlands, borderline exegesis writes biblical scholarship peripherally, unearthing the Bible's textual and discursive borderlands and allowing biblical texts to be at play with the utopian imagination. The book's main chapters comprise four case studies that engage in a "divergent reading" of the book of Job, the Gospel of Matthew, the Epistle of James, and the book of Revelation. Informed by the author's time in war-torn Peru, these chapters take on themes that the poor and disenfranchised have historically claimed--themes of social justice, the legitimacy (or lack thereof) of prevailing social practices, and, most importantly, utopian demand for another possible world. The chapters are held together by the presentation of a greater theoretical framework that provides reflection on the exegetical practices within and confronts biblical scholars with important questions about the aims of the work they do. Taken as a whole, Borderline Exegesis seeks to disclose what the professional practice of textual interpretation might become if we refuse the conventional distances between academic practice and lived experience.
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• Introduction / Scott S. Elliott and Roland Boer
• Part 1. Exploring the intersection of translation studies and critical theory in Biblical Studies
• Dynamic equivalence caper / Roland Boer
• Translating from this place: social location and translation / K. Jason Coker
• Translation and narrative: transfiguring Jesus / Scott S. Elliott
• Postcolonialism, translation, and Colonial mimicry / Raj Nadella
• Translator's dilemma: a response to Boer, Coker, Elliott, and Nadella / George Aichele
• Part 2. Sites in translation
• Augustine's Bible / Virginia Burrus
• His love has been our Banner on Our Road : identity politics and The Revised Version / Alan H. Cadwallader
• Seeing is believing: Children's Bibles as negotiated translation / Jaqueline S. du Toit
• The earliest Greenlandic Bible: a study of the Ur-Text from 1725 / Flemming A.J. Nielsen
• Configuring the language to convert the people: translating the Bible in Greenland / Christian Petterson
• A gift for the Jewish People : Einspruch's der Bris Khadoshe as missionary translation and Yiddish literature / Naomi Seidman
• Masculinidad en la traducción de la Biblia en Latinoamérica / Esteban Voth
• Is there justice in translation / Matt Waggoner
• Language, power, and the T word / John Eipper.

"Translation is a fundamental aspect of biblical scholarship and an ever-present reality in a global context. Scholars interested in more than linguistically oriented translation problems of a traditional nature often struggle to find an interdisciplinary venue in which to share their work. These essays, by means of critical engagement with the translation, translation practices, and translation history of texts relevant to the study of Bible and ancient and modern Christianity, explore theoretical dimensions and contemporary implications of translations and translation practice. The contributors are George Aichele, Roland Boer, Virginia Burrus, Alan Cadwallader, K. Jason Coker, John Eipper, Scott S. Elliott, Raj Nadella, Flemming A.J. Nielsen, Christina Petterson, Naomi Seidman, Jaqueline du Toit, Esteban Voth, and Matt Waggoner."--Back cover.

• Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Introduction Matthew McLean Instructing the Soul, Feeding the Spirit and Awakening the Passion: Holy Writ and Lay Readers in Medieval Europe Sabrina Corbellini Illustrations in Early Printed Latin Bibles in the Low Countries (1477-1553) August den Hollander The Strange Career of the Biblia Rabbinica among Christian Hebraists, 1517-1620 Stephen G. Burnett Hermeneutics and Exegesis in the Early Eucharistic Controversy Amy Nelson Burnett `Christo testimonium reddunt omnes scripturae': Theodor Bibliander's Oration on Isaiah (1532) and Commentary on Nahum (1534) Bruce Gordon Moses, Plato and Flavius Josephus. Castellio's Conceptions of Sacred and Profane in his Latin Versions of the Bible Irena Backus Latin Bible Translations in the Protestant Reformation: Historical Contexts, Philological Justifijication, and the Impact of Classical Rhetoric on the Conception of Translation Methods Josef Eskhult Global Calvinism: The Maps in the English Geneva Bible Justine Walden "Epitome of the Old Testament, Mirror of God's Grace, and Complete Anatomy of Man": Immanuel Tremellius and the Psalms Kenneth Austin Augustine and the Golden Age of Biblical Scholarship in Louvain (1550-1650) Wim Francois Looking Backwards: The Protestant Latin Bible in the Eyes of Johannes Piscator and Abraham Calov Mark W. Elliott Index.
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This volume presents significant new research on several aspects of the late mediaeval and early modern Bible. These essays consider aspects of Bible scholarship and translation, illustration and production, its uses for lay devotion and in theological controversy. Inquiring into the ways in which scholars gave new forms to their Bibles and their readers received their work, this book considers the contribution of key figures like Castellio, Bibliander and Tremellius, Piscator and Calov, the exegetical controversies between centres of Reformed learning and among the theologians of the Louvain. It encompasses biblical illustration in the Low Countries and the use of maps in the Geneva Bible, and considers the practice of biblical translation, and the strategies by which new versions were justified.
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A number of prolific writers were active in the Syrian Church of the 4th and 5th centuries. However, in some cases these writers are only accessible by virtue of sidelights thrown e.g. from Armenian and Latin translations (as is the case with "Eusebius of Emesa"); or, their works may be hidden under false attributions in Greek manuscripts (eg in: "Pseudo-Chrysostomica"--In fact belonging to "Severian of Gabala"); or, their relationship to the Syriac language and culture may be misrepresented in modern research (as for "Theodoret of Cyrrhus"). Since the 1.

• 1.Gender: Old and New-- 2.Canon in Context-- 3.Methods and Meaning-- 4.In Our Image-- 5.Gender-Critical Readings.
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In this book, Vander Stichele and Penner introduce their own gender-critical approach to the New Testament and other early Christian writings. Building on feminist and post-colonial insights, they explore the importance of gender in both text and context and discuss the diverse issues involved in interpretation as they relate to gender, sex, and sexuality. The authors also set out their methodology and highlight the various hermeneutical issues involved, such as the complexity of gendered and sexed identities in antiquity and the gap that exists between modern and ancient conceptions thereof. They further illustrate their gender-critical approach with concrete examples from the Acts of the Apostles, the letters of Paul, and the Acts of Paul and Thecla, in order to demonstrate how a gender-critical approach works in practice. As such, this book is unique in terms of its range as well as in the explicit methodological focus that is fostered throughout.
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• Preface; Acknowledgments; Table of Contents; Abbreviations; Introduction;
• Chapter 1: The Integrity of the Book of Tobit;
• Chapter 2: The Wisdom Instructions in Tob 4:3-19, 21; 12:6-10 and 14:8-11;
• Chapter 3: The Narrative Function of Tobit's Instructions;
• Chapter 4: The Wisdom Tradition and the Instructions of Tobit;
• Chapter 5: Tobit and Wisdom in Exile; General Conclusion; Bibliography; Index of Modern Authors; Index of References.

Despite the resurgence of scholarly interest in the Book of Tobit in recent years, an important aspect of this deuterocanonical book has been largely overlooked. Within it, there is an instruction manual for an effective way of being and living in exile, namely the wisdom instructions in Tobit 4. With glances at Tobit 12 and Tobit 14 where the wisdom instructions are repeated in shorter form, this monograph discusses the function of the wisdom discourse in the literary design of the narrative. Moreover, it examines how the wisdom instructions of Tobit demonstrate the vital role of the sapiential tradition in forming and maintaining Jewish identity in the Diaspora. Contextualizing the wisdom instructions not only within the narrative but also within the realities of Second Temple Judaism, it is argued that the author of Tobit saw the validity and employed the resources of the Jewish wisdom tradition in reinterpreting some of the traditional claims of covenant faith. Using the Sinaiticus as the textual basis of study, it shows that the lengthy wisdom lecture of Tobit displays an inner logic that structures the collection of seemingly unrelated sayings. The instructions reinterpret a major deuteronomic concern to remember the Lord always. For Tobit, the practice of righteousness, the practice of wise behavior, and the practice of prayer realize and concretize such remembrance. Addressed to those in the Dispersion, Tobit's wisdom instructions are meant to foster and shape a distinct ethos of truth, righteousness and mercy.
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• Table of Contents; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations; Introduction; Contemporary Theological Concerns for Readers of Christian Scripture; Praying Israel's Story in Nehemiah 9; Retelling Israel's Story in Ezekiel 20; Reading Israel's Story unto Death in Acts 7; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index of Authors; Index of Scripture.

That readers and biblical texts are somehow linked in a mutually transformative relationship is hardly a novel perception, especially in contexts where the Christian Bible has been received as normative Scripture for faithful worship and living. This study focuses on an aspect of this relationship and wrestles with it not only in theory, but also in practice by asking: How may a reader who wishes to read the Christian Bible as Scripture well today be formed; and how may interpretations of Scripture themselves inform such concern? Vincent Ooi begins by showing that such concern is not only contemporary but integral to Christian traditions of reading Scripture, and that it is only recently receiving some renewed scholarly attention. He reviews some of these recent works before setting out his own approach from the perspective of theological interpretation of Scripture. He then demonstrates his approach via close exegetical engagement with three biblical texts, namely Nehemiah 9:6-37, Ezekiel 20:5-32, and Acts 7:2-60, which offer different inner-canonical readings of Scripture in the form of distinctive retellings of Israel's story. He first considers how these texts portray readers of Scripture and use scriptural traditions in relation to the wider context of the Christian canon; he then discusses what they, individually and in concert, might suggest as significant for shaping readers seeking to faithfully appropriate Scripture today. The posture of prayer, the pulse of liturgy, and the patterning of Christ are among the things proposed as formatively significant.
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• Acknowledgments List of Abbreviations Introduction: The Constitutive Divide of Reception History
• 1. The Miltonesque Concept of the Original Text
• 2. Living in Pottersville: An Alternate Approach to Textual Criticism
• 3. Anchor or Spandrel: The Concept of the Original Context
• 4. On Tigers and Cages: Re-Thinking Context
• 5. Mapping the Garden of Forking Paths: A Nomadic Reception History
• 6. Justice, Survival, Presence: Job 19:25-27
• 7. Trajectories of Job 19:25-27: The Example of Survival Conclusion: Nomadology and the Future of Biblical Studies Notes Bibliography Index.
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Brennan W. Breed claims that biblical interpretation should focus on the shifting capacities of the text, viewing it as a dynamic process rather than a static product. Rather than seeking to determine the original text and its meaning, Breed proposes that scholars approach the production, transmission, and interpretation of the biblical text as interwoven elements of its overarching reception history. Grounded in the insights of contemporary literary theory, this approach alters the framing questions of interpretation from "What does this text mean?" to "What can this text do?".
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• The historical-critical method in modern biblical studies : yes or no?
• The normativity of Scripture and tradition in recent Catholic theology
• Review of The Future of Catholic Biblical Scholarship : a Constructive Conversation
• The renewal of biblical studies in France 1934-1954 as an element in theological ressourcement
• American Catholic New Testament scholarship
• The dictatorship of relativisim and the right to a non-oppressive public religious culture
• The dogma of the prophetless time in Judaism : Does prophecy cease with Christ for Christians? : some explorations
• The New Testament between Scylla and Charybdis : Matthew and interreligious dialogue
• Eschatology and the quest for the historical Jesus
• The adoration of the Magi : Matthew 2:1-23 and theological aesthetics
• The Christian and the state in Acts and Paul (Acts 25:16 and Rom 13:1-7) : Roman fairness then and now
• Apocalypse and culture : the interpretation of 1 Cor 15:20-28 in German Protestant exegesis in the period 1870-1960 : a hypothesis in the sociology of exegesis
• Hakeldama, the potter's field, and the suicide of Judas (Matt 27:1-10; Acts 1:16-20)
• A woman's quest for wisdom and the adoration of the Magi as part of Matthew's program of Solomonic sapiential messianism
• Matthew 1:17 and the theology of history : making sense of the Matthean genealogy.

Biblical hermeneutics, the art of interpreting Scripture, is a controversial subject in the best of times. Lately the debates have been quite intense in the Roman Catholic Church. The debates deal with issues such as the role of the historical-critical method in relation to devotional use and practice, the dangers of relativism, the right relation between tradition and Scripture, the presence of women even in texts where their presence is not immediately obvious (the possibility of women magi), and the trend of theological aesthetics. Can there still be prophets? The Bible and world religions;

• Introduction: "How can that be in the Bible?"
• 1. The Bible's problems
• 2. Benedict's "Method C" proposal and Catholic principles for Biblical interpretation
• 3. The problem of development
• 4. The problem of apparent contradictions
• 5. Method C exegesis, the nature of God, and the nature of good and evil
• 6. Method C exegesis and the afterlife
• Conclusion: Method C exegesis in the Church
• Bibliography
• Scripture index
• General index.

Multiple gods? Divinely mandated genocide? Rejection of an afterlife? If the Scriptures are the inspired and inerrant word of God that Christians claim them to be, how can they contain these things? For many believers in the modern age, traditional Christian answers to these challenges are no longer convincing. Though spiritually edifying, they are unable to account for the sheer scope and depth of problems raised through the advent of historical-critical scholarship.Following the lead of Pope Benedict XVI, in Dark Passages of the Bible Matthew Ramage weds the historical-critical approach with a theological reading of Scripture based in the patristic-medieval tradition. Whereas these two approaches are often viewed as mutually exclusive or even contradictory, Ramage insists that the two are mutually enriching and necessary for doing justice to the Bible's most challenging texts.Ramage applies Benedict XVI's hermeneutical principles to three of the most theologically problematic areas of the Bible: its treatment of God's nature, the nature of good and evil, and the afterlife. Teasing out key hermeneutical principles from the work of Thomas Aquinas, Ramage analyses each of these themes with an eye to reconciling texts whose presence would seem to violate the doctrines of biblical inspiration and inerrancy. At the same time, Ramage directly addresses the problems of concrete biblical texts in light of both patristic and modern exegetical methods.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• AbbreviationsPreface Part I The Bible and History1 Israel Without the Bible Gary A. Rendsburg2 Bible, Archaeology, and the Social Sciences: The Next Generation Elizabeth Bloch-SmithPart II New Approaches to the Bible3 Literary Approaches to Biblical Literature: General Observations and a Case Study of Genesis 34 Adele Berlin4 Feminist Approaches to the Hebrew Bible Esther FuchsPart III Ancient Practice5 The Laws of Biblical Israel Raymond Westbrook6 The Study of Ritual in the Hebrew Bible David P. WrightPart IV Judaism and the Bible7 By the Letter?/Word for Word? Scripture in the Jewish Tradition Leonard Greenspoon8 From Judaism to Biblical Religion and Back Again Ziony Zevit9 Jewish Biblical Theology Marvin A. SweeneyEpilogue: Let a Hundred Flowers Bloom: Some Re?ections on Reading and Studying the Hebrew Bible Peter MachinistAbout the Contributors Index Index of Biblical Passages.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In April of 2001, the headline in the Los Angeles Timesread, "Doubting the Story of the Exodus." It covered a sermon that had been delivered by the rabbi of a prominent local congregation over the holiday of Passover. In it, he said, "The truth is that virtually every modern archeologist who has investigated the story of the exodus, with very few exceptions, agrees that the way the Bible describes the exodus is not the way it happened, if it happened at all." This seeming challenge to the biblical story captivated the local public. Yet as the rabbi himself acknowledged, his sermon contained nothing new. The theories that he described had been common knowledge among biblical scholars for over thirty years, though few people outside of the profession know their relevance.New understandings concerning the Bible have not filtered down beyond specialists in university settings. There is a need to communicate this research to a wider public of students and educated readers outside of the academy. This volume seeks to meet this need, with accessible and engaging chapters describing how archeology, theology, ancient studies, literary studies, feminist studies, and other disciplines now understand the Bible.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Acknowledgements; Chapter One Introduction; 1.1 An Initial Orientation; 1.2 History of Scholarship; 1.2.1 The De-Historicization of John and the De-Johannification of Jesus; 1.2.2 Aposynagōgos and the Martynian Tradition; 1.3 Toward a Post-Martynian Alternative: Reading John's Gospel on One Level; Chapter Two Aposynagōgos, the Birkat Ha-Minim, and Contemporary Synagogue Studies; 2.1 An Initial Orientation; 2.2 Synagogue in Allegory: The Martynian Traditions; 2.2.1 Allegory and History: The Classic Martynian Tradition.

• 2.2.2 Allegory and the Turn to Identity: The Neo-Martynian Tradition2.3 History and Identity Without Allegory: A Post-Martynian Alternative; 2.3.1 The Aposynagōgos Passages in Light of Contemporary Synagogue Studies; 2.3.2 The Mechanisms of Aposynagōgos; 2.4 Conclusion; Chapter Three Aposynagōgos and Jesus' Messianic Identity; 3.1 An Initial Orientation; 3.2 Bultmannianism Today: The Martynian Traditions; 3.2.1 Continuing Bultmann's Legacy: The Classic Martynian Tradition; 3.2.2 Bultmann's Legacy, Still: The Neo-Martynian Tradition; 3.3 The Post-Martynian Alternative; 3.4 Conclusion.

• Chapter Four Aposynagōgos and Empire4.1 An Initial Orientation; 4.2 Empire and Shoe-Horns: The Martynian Tradition; 4.2.1 Empire as Afterthought: The Classic Martynian Tradition; 4.2.2 Empire and Intention: The Neo-Martynian Tradition; 4.3 A Post-Martynian Empire Criticism: The Literal Empire; 4.4 Conclusion; Chapter Five Intention and Knowledge: Aposynagōgos and the Direct Pattern of Inference; 5.1 An Initial Orientation; 5.2 Gospel without Jesus: The Martynian Tradition; 5.2.1 Community without Jesus: The Classic Martynian Tradition; 5.2.2 Identity without Jesus: The Neo-Martynian Tradition.

• 5.3 A Post-Martynian Alternative: Remembering Aposynagōgos5.3.1 The Aims of John: Defining John's Intention; 5.3.2 What the Author Knew: Was John Plausibly Knowledgeable?; 5.3.3 A Mnemonic Community: The Sitz im Leben of the Aposynagōgos Passages; 5.4 Conclusion; Chapter Six Conclusion; Appendices; Appendix A External Data Relevant to John's Identity; Appendix B Internal Data on John's Eyewitness Status; Bibliography; Subject Index; Source Index.

In Aposynagogos and the Historical Jesus in John, Jonathan Bernier utilizes the critical-realist hermeneutics developed by Bernard Lonergan and Ben F. Meyer to survey historical data relevant to the Johannine expulsion passages (John 9:22, 12:42, 16:2). He evaluates the major two contemporary interpretative traditions regarding these passages, namely that they describe not events of Jesus' lifetime but rather the implementation of the Birkat ha-Minim in the first first-century, or that they describe not historical events at all but serve only to construct Johannine identity. Against both traditions Bernier argues that these passages plausibly describe events that could have happened during Jesus' lifetime.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• 1. The 'what' of Oral Tradition Studies
• 2. The 'who' of Oral Tradition Studies
• 3. The 'how' of Oral Tradition Studies
• 4. The 'why' of Oral Tradition Studies
• 5. Conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The last three decades have seen an explosion of biblical scholarship on the presence and consequences of the oral expression of tradition among Jesus' followers, especially in the earliest decades of the Common Era. There is a wealth of scholarship focused on 'orality'. This scholarship is, however, abstract and technical almost by definition, and to date no introductory discussion exists that can introduce a new generation of biblical students to the issues being discussed at higher levels of scholarship. Rafael Rodriguez address this gap. Rodriguez adopts a fourfold structure to cover the topic, beginning with basic essentials for further discussion of oral-tradition research and definitions of key terms (the 'what'). He then moves on to discuss the key players in this area (the 'who') before examining the methods involved in oral-tradition research among New Testament scholars (the 'how'). Finally Rodriguez provides examples of the ways in which oral-tradition research can bring texts into clearer focus (the 'why'). The result is a comprehensive introduction to this key area in New Testament studies.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• pt.
• 1. History and historiography
• pt.
• 2. Text, literature, and interpretation.

• Cover; Contents; Preface;
• 1. PRELIMINARY REMARKS;
• 2. INTRODUCTION; 2.1 From what context do we consider the Old Testament?; 2.2 What is the status of the Old Testament writings?; 2.3 What are our aims in interpreting the ancient traditions?;
• 3. A SKETCH OF THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF ISRAEL; 3.1 Family and clan; 3.2 Village and small town; 3.3 Tribal alliances; 3.4 The monarchical state; 3.5 Confessional and parochial communities;
• 4. THE DEITY IN THE CIRCLE OF FAMILY AND CLAN; 4.1 The horizon of faith; 4.2 Cultic actions; 4.3 Ideas of God; 4.4 The ethic of family and clan.

• 4.5 Theology from the family
• theology of the individual5. DEITIES OF THE VILLAGE (SMALL-TOWN) COMMUNITY; 5.1 The social history of Palestine; 5.2 Village structures; 5.3 Rituals and cults; 5.4 Ethics and the administration of justice; 5.5 The theology of the settled community;
• 6. GOD AND GODDESS IN THE TRIBAL ALLIANCE; 6.1 The biblical picture of the tribal system; 6.2 The origin of Israel; 6.3 The structure of the tribes; 6.4 Cultic actions; 6.5 Ideas of God; 6.6 Faith and ethics; 6.7 Ideologies of war? Liberation theology?; 6.8 How were larger societies organized?

• 7. KINGDOM THEOLOGIES IN ISRAEL7.1 The sources; 7.2 Internal organization; 7.3 Foreign policy; 7.4 Theology of king and state; 7.5 The opposition from peripheral groups (prophecy); 7.6 Were there special features in the northern kingdom of Israel?; 7.7 The theology of the southern kingdom after David (Jerusalem theology); 7.8 Popular belief; 7.9 National religion?;
• 8. THE FAITH COMMUNITY OF ''ISRAEL'' AFTER THE DEPORTATIONS; 8.1 The political and social situation: internal structures; 8.2 The origin of the holy scriptures; 8.3 Yahweh, the only God; The name and exclusiveness of Yahweh.

• The legacy of family and village religionThe power and impotence of God; Justice and peace; Creation and history; Guilt and atonement; Summary; 8.4 The cult: temple and synagogue; 8.5 Popular belief; 8.6 The ethic of the Yahweh community; 8.7 What remains?;
• 9. POLYTHEISM, SYNCRETISM AND THE ONE GOD; 9.1 Conceptual clarifications; 9.2 Changes: the accumulation and interdependence of images of God; 9.3 Tensions between the theologies of ancient Israel;
• 10. EFFECTS AND CONTROVERSIES; 10.1 Christian perspectives?; 10.2 The ecumenicity of our theology; 10.3 The autonomous human being.

• 10.4 The unjust, unredeemed world10.5 God: personal or impersonal?; 10.6 The liberating God; 10.7 An ethic of responsibility; 10.8 Images of God today; 10.9 Parallel theologies (pluralism)?; 10.10 Relativity, absoluteness, globalization; 10.11 Monism and dualism; 10.12 Anthropology; 10.13 History and eschaton; 10.14 Our God today; 10.15 God for all; APPENDIX: GOD IN OUR TIME; Abbreviations; Bibliography; Index of Biblical References; Index of Modern Authors; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; V; W; Z.

The author here offers a radical departure from traditional treatments of Old Testament theology. Rather than offering a systematic approach, he discusses the various theological voices coming from different social settings within ancient Israel: the family and the clan, village, tribal alliance, and kingdom. Gerstenberger concludes with his reflections on how the biblical witness informs contemporary theology, and must be contextual and ecumenical in order to be authentic.

• Gathering Apostolic voices: who wrote 1 and 2 Peter and Jude? / Lewis R. Donelson
• The literary relationships among 1 Peter, 2 Peter, and Jude / Jeremy F. Hultin
• The epistolary rhetoric of 1 Peter, 2 Peter, and Jude / Duane F. Watson
• "Awaiting new heavens and a new earth": the apocalyptic imagination of 1/2 Peter and Jude / Kelley Coblentz Bautch
• Reborn to a living hope: a Christology of 1 Peter / Steven J. Kraft Chick
• Christians as babies: metaphorical reality in 1 Peter / Troy W. Martin
• Be holy, for I am holy: paraenesis in 1 Peter / Nancy Pardee
• Ethnicity, empire, and early Christian identity: social-scientific perspectives on 1 Peter / David G. Horrell
• Peter and postmodern criticism / Félix H. Cortez
• Peter in patristic literature / Andreas Merkt
• Biblical and nonbiblical traditions in Jude and 2 Peter: sources, usage, and the question of canon / Eric F. Mason
• Are the others too other? : the issue of "others" in Jude and Peter / Peter H. Davids
• Searching for evidence: the history of reception of the Epistle of Jude and 2 Peter / Wolfgang Grünstånudl and Tobias Nicklas.

• Copyright Acknowledgments vii Introduction: Theology, History, and Biblical Interpretation
• 1
• 1 Spinoza, Benedict de. Theological-Political Treatise. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
• 2007. Chapter 7, "On the Interpretation of Scripture." 11
• 2
• Strauss, David F. The Life of Jesus Critically Examined. London: SCM,
• 1973. Selections from Introduction, "Development of the Mythical Point of View in Relation to the Gospel Histories." 29
• 3
• Kierkegaard, Soren. Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments. Vol.
• 1. Princeton: Princeton University Press,
• 1992. Chapter 1, "The Historical Point of View." 69
• 4
• Troeltsch, Ernst. "On the Historical and Dogmatic Methods in Theology." In Religion in History, 11-32. Edinburgh: T&T Clark,
• 1991. 89
• 5
• Barth, Karl. The Epistle to the Romans. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
• 1968. Prefaces 1-6. 109
• 6 Bultmann, Rudolf. "The New Testament and Mythology." In The New Testament and Mythology and Other Basic Writings, edited by Schubert Ogden, 1-44. Philadelphia: Fortress,
• 1984. 131
• 7
• Pope Pius XII. Divino Afflante Spiritu: On Promoting Biblical Studies. Rome,
• 1943. 165
• 8 Ebeling, Gerhard. Selections from "The Significance of the Critical Historical Method for Church and Theology in Protestantism." In Word and Faith, 17-61. London: SCM Press,
• 1963. 187
• 9 Lubac, Henri de. History and Spirit: The Understanding of Scripture According to Origen. San Francisco: Ignatius,
• 2007. Selections from the Conclusion. 219
• 10 Stendahl, Krister. Selections from "Biblical Theology, Contemporary." In The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, edited by George A. Buttrick. New York: Abingdon,
• 1962. 239
• 11 Childs, Brevard S. Introduction to the Old Testament as Scripture. Philadelphia: Fortress Press,
• 1979. Chapter 3, "Canon and Criticism."
• 255
• 12 Steinmetz, David C. "The Superiority of Pre-Critical Exegesis." Theology Today 37 (1978): 27-38. 267
• 13 Luz, Ulrich. "Reflections on the Appropriate Interpretation of New Testament Texts." In Studies in Matthew, 265-289. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
• 2005.
• 279
• 14 Marion, Jean-Luc. God without Being: Hors-Texte. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
• 1991. Chapter 5, "Of the Eucharistic Site of Theology." 303
• 15 Schussler Fiorenza, Elisabeth. "The Ethics of Biblical Interpretation: Decentering Biblical Scholarship." Journal of Biblical Literature 107 (1988): 3-17. 321
• 16 Levenson, Jon D. "The Hebrew Bible, the Old Testament, and Historical Criticism." In The Hebrew Bible, the Old Testament, and Historical Criticism: Jews and Christians in Biblical Studies, 1-32. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox,
• 1993. 337
• 17 Plantinga, Alvin. "Two (or More) Kinds of Scripture Scholarship." Modern Theology 14 (1998): 243-278. 365
• 18 Ricoeur, Paul. "The Nuptial Metaphor." In Thinking Biblically: Exegetical and Hermeneutical Studies, edited by Andre LaCocque and Paul Ricoeur, 265-303. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
• 1998. 403
• 19 Barr, James. The Concept of Biblical Theology: An Old Testament Perspective. Minneapolis: Fortress,
• 1999. Chapter 12, "Evaluation, Commitment, Objectivity." 439
• 20 Webster, John. Holy Scripture: A Dogmatic Sketch. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
• 2003. Chapter 1, "Revelation, Sanctification, and Inspiration." 459 Index 485.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Christian Bible serves as the sacred scripture of the Christian community. It is read regularly by many people around the world today, as it has been for centuries. But how should one interpret this text? This reader presents a variety of perspective on how to relate historical and theological considerations when approaching the Bible. It encourages students and scholars to ponder how historical and theological categories shape one's view of three crucial realities: the text of the Bible, the human subject who reads the text, and the nature of the exchange between the two in the practice of reading. As historical and theological categories are applied to these realities, are they mutually exclusive, or can they be combined in some way? This reader encourages students and scholars to explore these important questions by bringing together a selection of some of modernity's most influential discussions of the issues as well as some of the present day's most distinguished attempts to weigh in on the debate.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Already queer : a preface / Teresa J. Hornsby and Ken Stone
• Queer Bibles, queer scriptures? : an introductory response / Ellen T. Armour
• From gender reversal to genderfuck : reading Jael through a lesbian lens / Deryn Guest
• From disgust to humor : Rahab's queer affect / Erin Runions
• Queer reading between Bible and film : Paris is burning and the "legendary houses" of David and Saul / Ken Stone
• Penderecki's iron maiden : intimacy and other anomalies in the Canticum canticorum Salomonis / Heidi Epstein
• Queer theory and historical-critical exegesis : queering biblicists : a reponse / S. Tamar Kamionkowski
• Capitalism, masochism, and biblical interpretation / Teresa J. Hornsby
• Lazarus troubles / Jione Havea
• Queering early Christian discourse : the Ethiopian eunuch / Sean D. Burke
• Bodies del otro lado finding life and hope in the borderland : Gloria Anzaldúa, the Ethiopian eunuch of Acts 8:26-40, y Yo / Manuel Villalobos
• The Corinthian women prophets and trans activism : rethinking canonical gender claims / Joseph A. Marchal
• The straight mind in Corinth : problematizing categories and ideologies of gender in 1 Corinthians 11:2-16 / Gillian Townsley
• The pastor and his fops : gender indeterminacy in the pastor and his readers / Jay Twomey
• Gazing at the whore : reading Revelation queerly / Lynn R. Huber
• Queer theology, postcolonial theory, and biblical interpretation : a preliminary exploration of some intersections / Jeremy Punt
• What happens when closets open up? : a response / Michael Joseph Brown.

• Preface; Abbreviations; Part I: THE BIBLE IN ITS NEAR EASTERN WORLD; Part II: THE PSALMS; Part III: OLD TESTAMENT THEOLOGY; Index of References; Index of Authors.

This is a formidable collection of previously published essays by this distinguished Old Testament scholar. Three significant areas of biblical studies have been a focus of the author's attention throughout his career: the Bible in its ancient Near Eastern world, the Psalms, and Old Testament theology. In Part I, epigraphic discoveries are examined for the light they shed on biblical texts. In Part II, special attention is given to the theological significance of reading the Psalms as a collection. In Part III, a wide range of theological issues-creation, covenant, prayer, cosmology, canon, and especially the nature and character of God-are taken up in various essays that suggest how biblical theology can contribute to the larger theological enterprise.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Myth theory, comparison and embedded scripture texts : Ibn Isḥāq's biography of Muhammad and the mythologizing function of Isaiah 7.14 in Matthew 1.23 / M. Anthony Apodaca
• Love as societal vision and counter-imperial practice in Matthew 22.34-40 / Warren Carter
• Matthew's earliest interpreter : Justin Martyr on Matthew's fulfilment quotations / J.R.C. Cousland
• 'The book of the genesis of Jesus Christ' : the purpose of Matthew in light of the incipit / Craig A. Evans
• Mark, Elijah, the Baptist and Matthew : the success of the first intertextual reading of Mark / Mark Goodacre
• Reading Zechariah and Matthew's Olivet discourse / Clay Alan Ham
• From history to myth and back again : the historicizing function of scripture in Matthew 2 / Thomas R. Hatina
• Plotting Jesus : characterization, identity and the voice of God in Matthew's Gospel / Michael P. Knowles
• The king as shepherd : the role of Deutero-Zechariah in Matthew / John Nolland
• Matthew's atomistic use of scripture : Messianic interpretation of Isaiah 53.4 in Matthew 8.17 / Lidija Novakovic
• Matthew's intertexts and the presentation of Jesus as healer-messiah Andries G. van Aarde
• Scribal methods in Matthew and Mishnah Abot / Lawrence M. Wills.

This collection of essays is the second volume in a projected series of five volumes that gather together recent research by leading scholars on the narrative function of embedded Jewish scripture texts (quotations or allusions) in early Christian Gospels. While the contributors employ a diverse range of methods, their research is directed towards considering the function of embedded scripture texts in the context of the Gospels as self-contained narratives written and read/heard in their early Christian settings. The essays are arranged according to their appropriate methodological categories.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Life Setting of the Fourth Gospel
• 3. John's Use of the Jewish Scriptures
• 4. The Textual History of Zechariah
• 5. A Text-Critical Review of Zechariah 12:10
• 6. John's Old Testament Citations
• 7. Textual Tradition Used for the Citation of Zechariah 12:10 in John 19:37
• 8. Conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In The Fourth Gospel and the Scriptures, new insights from 4QXII manuscripts and the Minor Prophets Scroll help unlock the mystery of John's unique form of scriptural citation. Focusing on 19:37, Bynum argues convincingly that John's citation from Zechariah is both accurate and historically reliable. Carefully considering the biblical textual milieu of the era brings to light John's concern for fidelity to the prominent Hebrew text of his day, and for the correctness of the Septuagint form of the citation. From this analysis new light is shed on the critical role the citation plays in the Johannine Passion Narrative, and its meaning within the theological development of the Fourth Gospel.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Acknowledgments;
• Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 Biblical Hebrew: Variety in the Face of Unifying Forces; 1.2 Fundamental Difficulties in the Description of Biblical Hebrew; 1.3 Historical Development as a Factor in Biblical Hebrew Variety; 1.4 Non-Diachronic Factors and Linguistic Variety in the Hebrew Bible; 1.5 Recent Criticism of the Diachronic Approach to Biblical Hebrew and the Linguistic Dating of Biblical Texts;
• Chapter 2 The Language of the Book of Jeremiah; 2.1 History of Research; 2.2 The Language of the Book of Jeremiah from a Diachronic Perspective.

In Ancient Hebrew Periodization and the Language of the Book of Jeremiah, Aaron Hornkohl defends the diachronic approach to Biblical Hebrew and the linguistic dating of biblical texts. Applying the standard methodologies to the Masoretic version of the biblical book of Jeremiah, he seeks to date the work on the basis of its linguistic profile, determining that, though composite, Jeremiah is likely a product of the transitional time between the First and Second Temple Periods. Hornkohl also contributes to unraveling Jeremiah's complicated literary development, arguing on the basis of language that its 'short edition', as reflected in the book's Old Greek translation, predates that 'supplementary material' preserved in the Masoretic edition but unparalleled in the Greek. Nevertheless, he concludes that neither is written in Late Biblical Hebrew proper.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• ""Front Cover""; ""Series Page""; ""Title Page""; ""Copyright Page""; ""Contents""; ""Preface""; ""Abbreviations""; ""Bibliography""; ""Introduction""; ""Chapter 1""; ""Chapter 2""; ""Chapter 3""; ""Chapter 4""; ""Chapter 5""; ""Chapter 6""; ""Back Cover""

• Preface; List of Abbreviations; WIVU Transliteration of Hebrew Alphabet; Introduction; The Case
• Person, Number, Gender Shifts: Data and Interpretation; Observations about the Written Text; Observations about Data-Interpretation; Conclusion: In Need of Understanding PNG Shifts; Overview of Interpretative Suggestions; Level of Exegetical Practice; Level of Language-Systematic Approaches; Conclusion: Interpretative Risks; Research Procedure; Procedure of Presentation; Chapter One. Methodological Reflections; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Phenomenology of the Subject-Object Relation

• 1.2.1. A General Description of the Subject-Object Relation of Reason1.2.2. Frameworks of Reason as Part of the Subject-Object Relationship; 1.2.3. The Hermeneutical Task; 1.2.4. Method; 1.3. Phenomenology of the Biblical Text as Object; 1.3.1. Text as Phenomenon; 1.3.2. Summary; 1.4. Interpretations of Textual Phenomena (the Object from the Subject's Viewpoint); 1.4.1. Methodological Consequences of Reason's Interpretation and the View of the Text as Object; 1.4.2. Summary; Chapter Two. Proposal of Method: Analytical Instruments; 2.1. General Remarks

• 2.2. Phenomenological Reading: The Initial Methodological Step2.2.1. The WIVU Database; 2.2.2. Specific Procedure: Registration and Collection of PNG Shifts; Chapter Three. Commentary treatment of PNG shifts; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Modernistic Fragmentation and PNG Shifts (Duhm, Mowinckel); 3.2.1. Statistics; 3.2.2. Description; 3.2.3. Evaluation

• 3.3. Response (1{ontstyle ={}ontstylefeature ={}edef Brill
• 4{Brill
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• 4 at11.04124pt}Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt spaceskip =ontdimen 2Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt plusontdimen 3Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt minusontdimen 4Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt st}) to Modernistic Fragmentation and PNG Shifts (Thiel)3.3.1. Statistics; 3.3.2. Description; 3.3.3. Evaluation

• 3.4. Response (2{ontstyle ={}ontstylefeature ={}edef Brill
• 4{Brill
• 4}edef Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt{Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt}Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt spaceskip =ontdimen 2Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt plusontdimen 3Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt minusontdimen 4Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt nd}A) to Modernistic Fragmentation and PNG Shifts (Lundbom)3.4.1. Statistics; 3.4.2. Description; 3.4.3. Evaluation

• 3.5. Response (2{ontstyle ={}ontstylefeature ={}edef Brill
• 4{Brill
• 4}edef Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt{Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt}Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt spaceskip =ontdimen 2Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt plusontdimen 3Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt minusontdimen 4Brill
• 4 at11.04124pt nd}B) to Modernistic Fragmentation and PNG Shifts (Holladay)

In prophetic and poetic literature of the Old Testament references to textual participants are inconsistent with regard to their gender, number and person characteristics. Oliver Glanz for the first time provides a systematic study of the phenomenon of participant-reference shifts. The study is restricted to the book of Jeremiah and reflects upon the methodological conditions that should guide the analysis of participant-reference shifts. Focusing on computer assisted pattern recognition the research suggests that Jeremiah's participant-reference shifts should not be understood from a diachronic perspective. Understanding the origin and function of participant-reference shifts rather from the perspective of syntax, text grammar and rhetorics proves to be more consistent with the textual evidence. With this insight participant-reference shifts no longer have to distort textual coherence.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Front Matter
• Half Title Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication Page
• Table of Contents
• PREFACE
• INTRODUCTION
• Content
• THEY WALKED BY DAY AS IN DARKNESS
• AS INFANTS AND CHILDREN
• BREAD AND MILK
• THE TIMES MAY CHANGE, BUT NOT THE FAITH
• THE KING'S SON
• A WISE AND UNDERSTANDING PEOPLE
• THE SCHOOL OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
• CONFRONTING TRUE AND FALSE GODS
• Back Matter
• CONCLUSION
• LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
• NOTES
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• INDEX
• INDEX OF BIBLICAL CITATIONS.

• Abiding words : an introduction to perspectives on John's use of scripture / Alicia D. Myers.
• Part 1 : The form of John's citations. Form versus function : citation technique and authorial intention in the gospel of John / Bruce G. Schuchard.
• Quotations of Zechariah in the fourth gospel / William Randolph Bynum.
• Quotations with "remembrance" formulae in the fourth gospel / Michael A. Daise.
• Part 2 : Social and rhetorical perspectives. Scripture cannot be broken : the social function of the use of the scripture in the fourth gospel / Jaime Clark-Soles.
• A voice in the wilderness : classical rhetoric and the testimony of John (the baptist) in John 1:19-34 / Alicia D. Myers.
• Whose zeal is it anyway? : the citation of Psalm 69:9 ini John 2:17 as a double entendre / Benjamin J. Lappenga.
• The testimony of two witnesses : John 8:17 / Ruth Sheridan.
• Part 3 : Memory and scripture in John. Patriarchs and prophets remembered : framing Israel's past in the gospel of John / Catrin H. Williams.
• Sympathetic resonance : John as intertextual memory artisan / Jeffrey E. Brickle.
• Conclusion / Bruce G. Schuchard.

• The text of the literary work and its manuscript tradition
• Tale of the Prophet Isaiah in the context of mediaeval literature and modern researches
• The Chosen People and the Promised Land
• The divinely chosen king, humble to God: Tsar Izot, or Davidic royalty
• The renovator king: Tsar Ispor and the mosaic royalty: Constantine and the royalty of the ruler-converter to Christianity
• Kings and their names
• Conclusion
• Excursus one: The list of names of the Bulgar princes: between myth and history
• Excursus two: The birth of the founding kings
• Excursus three: The tabernacle of the empire or the state-church.

The book contains an edition of the original text of "Tale of the Prophet Isaiah" and commentary on the quite unclear narrative concerning its origins, development and an interpretation of its meaning with strong focus on its biblical roots.

• One size does not fit all : observations on the different ways that Chronicles dealt with the authoritative literature of its time / Ehud Ben Zvi
• Judging a book by its citations : sources and authority in Chronicles / Steven J. Schweitzer
• Chronicles as consensus literature / David A. Glatt-Gilad
• Chronicles and the definition of "Israel" / Philip R. Davies
• Ideology and utopia in 1-2 Chronicles / Joseph Blenkinsopp
• Cracks in the male mirror : references to women as challenges to patrilinear authority in the genealogies of Judah / Ingeborg Löwisch
• Araunah's threshing floor : a lesson in shaping historical memory / Yairah Amit
• The Chronicler and the Prophets ; who were his authoritative sources? / Louis Jonker
• The Chronicler's use of the Prophets / Amber K. Warhurst
• Rethinking the "Jeremiah" doublet in Ezra-Nehemiah and Chronicles / Mark Leuchter
• Sociology and the book of Chronicles : risk, ontological security, moral panics, and types of narratives / David J. Chalcraft
• Chronicles and local Greek histories / Diana Edelman, Lynette Mitchell.

• The Historical Formation of the Writings in Antiquity Julius Steinberg and Timothy J. Stone Final Forms of the Writings: The Jewish and Christian Traditions Peter Brandt A Wandering Moabite: Ruth-A Book in Search of a Canonical Home Stephen Dempster Thoughts on the "Davidization" of the Psalter Frank-Lothar Hossfeld and Erich Zenger Reading Job following the Psalms Will Kynes The Place of Wisdom Literature in an Old Testament Theology: A Thematic and Structural-Canonical Approach Julius Steinberg The Search for Order: The Compilational History of Ruth Timothy J. Stone The Associative Effects of Daniel in the Writings Amber Warhurst Chronicles as the Intended Conclusion to the Old Testament Canon Hendrik J. Koorevaar Torah-Binding and Canon Closure: On the Origin and Canonical Function of the Book of Chronicles Georg Steins "A Threefold Cord Is Not Quickly Broken": Interpretation by Canonical Division in Early Judaism and Christianity Stephen B. Chapman Response John Barton Response Tamara Cohn Eskenazi Response Christopher R. Seitz Index of Authors Index of Scripture.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Are the Writings a miscellaneous collection of books, as is so often asserted, or do they have a purposeful design or arrangement? Over the past 35 years, there has been a significant amount of scholarly interest in the shape of the Law, Former Prophets, Twelve Minor Prophets and the Psalms, while examinations of the shape of the Writings were almost nonexistent until very recently. The 11 essays in this volume explore this often-neglected issue from a variety of critical perspectives--reader-centered approaches, canonical, structural-canonical, and redactional--made more robust by the mix of German- and English-language scholarship on this question, including 4 articles translated from German into English. Essays range from the historical development of the collection, to analysis of the collection's different arrangements, to the relationship of books and subcollections within the Writings, to the reception of the collection in Jewish and Christian sources. Every book in the Writings is discussed, with particular attention given to Job, Ruth, and 1 and 2 Chronicles. The volume closes with 3 critical responses from John Barton, Tamara Cohn Eskenazi, and Christopher Seitz.
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• pt.
• 1. The "fathers" and the land promise in Deuteronomy
• pt.
• 2. The "God of the fathers" and the divine promises in Deuteronomy
• pt.
• 3. The "fathers" and the divine-human covenant in Deuteronomy.

• Centralization, secularization, and demythologization in Deuteronomy
• The appointment of judges and Torah : Deuteronomy 1:9-18
• The presence of Yahweh and Torah : Deuteronomy 4:1-6:9
• The supremacy of the giver of Torah : Deuteronomy 12
• Political administration and Torah : Deuteronomy 16:18-18:22.

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroductionNote to Readers
• 1. Our Names and Identities: Who Are We?2. Understanding the Other: Who Are They?3. Coming to Terms with Violence: What Is Evil?4. Appreciating Context: What Makes Jonah Run?5. Descent and Salvation: How Low Can You Go?6. Overcoming Uncertainty: How Should I Act?7. Redirecting Lives: Which Way Does the Wind Blow?8. Our Faith and Theirs: How Do We View Other Religions?9. Overcoming Despair: Why Does He Sleep So Deeply?10. Fate and Free Will: What Path Will We Follow?11. What We Really Know: Does Knowledge Lead to Virtue?12. I Am a Jew: How Do We Describe Our Identity?13. Narrative Imagery: How Can We Understand Our Story?14. Fear and Awe: What Makes Us Tremble?15. Troubled Waters: How Can We Calm the Sea?16. The Winning Team: What Do We Need from Other People?17. The Giants Win the Pennant: How Can We Differentiate between the Possible and the Impossible?18. The Buck Stops Here: Can We Accept Responsibility?19. The Scientific Method: How Can We Solve Our Problems One Step at a Time?20. Human Kindness: How Can We Serve God through Simple Acts?21. A Rickety Ladder: How Do We Understand the Suffering of the Innocent?22. Telling Our Story: What Swallowed Jonah, a Fish or a Whale?23. Nothing Left to Lose: When Do We Turn to God?24. Happy Thanksgiving: Why Should We Care about Other People?25. Strong Waves and Big Rocks: What Overwhelms Us?26. I Once Was Lost, but Now I'm Found: How Can We Grow?27. Feeling Trapped: Is There a Way Out?28. Recovering from a Perfect Storm: From Where Does Our Hope Come?29. Seeking Community: How Can We Overcome Isolation?30. Don't Look Back: How Can We Avoid the Traps of the Past?31. The Power of the Public Pledge: Which Promises Will We Keep?32. The Hands of God: How Can We Experience the Presence of the Divine?33. Genuine Forgiveness: Who Deserves a Second Chance?34. Good Guys and Bad Guys: When Can We Accept the Other?35. Hineini: How Do We Respond When Called?36. The Freedom to Choose: Can We Respond to a Warning?37. Who, What, Why, and When: Can We Ask the Probing Questions?38. Letting the Current Carry Me: How Do We Respond to Reality?39. Telling Tall Tales: How Do We Sort Out the Truth?40. Controlling Our Inclinations: Can We Change Our Evil Ways?41. The Fred Bob Principle: What Circumstances Will Lead to Success?42. Bringing Water to Our Lives: Do We Appreciate Those Who Help Us?43. Seeing Evil: Can We Recognize Our Own Flaws?44. Playing a Part: How Do We Shape the Narrative of Our Lives?45. Getting Lost: How Do We Regain Our Path?46. Narcissism: What Is Our Place in the World?47. Connecting the Dots: How Can We Make Sense of Our Lives?48. The Kikayon: What Can We Learn from a Plant?49. Time, Time, Time: How Do We View the Length of Our Lives?50. Facing Challenges: How Do We Use Our Strengths to Overcome Our Weaknesses?51. I Want to Be Big: Can We Learn Patience?52. Brief Moments: What Makes an Enduring Impact?53. Communities of Meaning: How Can We Create Connections?
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Book of Jonah stands unique among the biblical books of the prophets because it is almost entirely narrative. And, in contrast to all the other prophets portrayed as admirable individuals who bravely speak God's word, Jonah stands out as flawed and fleeing from God. We are drawn to Jonah because God gives him an opportunity to redeem himself. His experience inspires us to find our own second chances-and our own paths to meaningful growth. Jonah and the Meaning of Our Lives draws on commentaries of Rashi, Ibn Ezra, Kimchi, Abarbanel, and the Malbim, as well as contemporary culture and personal experiences to reveal the hidden meanings of this perplexing biblical story. In so doing, it explores many of the larger questions and topics we face, including human nature, our relationship with God, and how we understand ourselves and lead our lives. Rabbi Steven Bob's verse-by-verse commentary intimately connects the ancient wisdom of the text with the reality of our own lives, providing us with inspiration and guidance.
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• I. Jewish Exegesis through the Generations--
• 1. Francis Landy, The Temple in the Story of the Akedah (Genesis 22)--
• 2. Ehud Ben Zvi, Revisiting "Boiling in Fire" (2 Chr 35:13) and Related Passover Questions Text: Exegetical Needs, Concerns and General Implications--
• 3. Alan Cooper, On the Typology of Jewish Psalms Interpretation--
• 4. Moshe Aberbach and Isaac Kalimi, Targumic and Midrashic Exegesis in Contradiction to the Peshat of Biblical Text--
• 5. Rimmon Kasher, The Palestinian Targums to Genesis 4:8 - A New Approach to an Old Controversy--
• 6. Rivka B. Kern Ulmer, Visions of Egypt in Midrash: 'Pharaoh's Birthday' and the 'Nile Festival'--
• 7. Steven Fine, The United Colors of the Menorah: Some Byzantine and Medieval Perspectives on the Biblical Lampstand--
• 8. Herbert W. Basser, Kabbalistic Teaching in the Commentary of Job by Moses Nahmanides-- II. Jewish Exegesis and Christianity--
• 9. Lawrence H. Schiffman, Biblical Exegesis in the Passion Narratives and the Dead Sea Scrolls--
• 10. J. Harold Ellens, Exegesis of Second Temple Texts in a Fourth Gospel Son of Man Logion.
• 11. John T. Townsend, Christianity in Rabbinic Literature-- III. Jewish Bible Translation and Exegesis, and Modern Biblical Study--
• 12. Frederick E. Greenspahn, Why Jews Translate the Bible?--
• 13. Alan Levenson, The Rise of Modern Jewish Bible Studies: Preliminary Reflections--
• 14. Tirzah Meacham, Review of Isaac Kalimi, Early Jewish Exegesis and Theological Controversy--
• 15. Isaac Kalimi, Jewish Theological and Exegetical Approaches to the Hebrew Bible: A Response to T. Meacham.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume comprises fifteen essays classified in three major sections. Some of these essays raise theoretical and methodological issues while others focus on specific topics. The time span ranges from late biblical period to the present. The volume reflects the current thought of some of the major scholars in the field in various shapes and contexts as well as from a variety of perspectives: inner-biblical, qumranic, New Testament, various rabbinic literature (targumic, midrashic, halachic, and Medieval kabalistic), and some modern interpretation. The essays reflects the contemporary thought of some of the foremost scholars in the field of biblical exegesis from a variety of standpoints, move the biblical exegesis well beyond its conventional limits, and enrich the knowledge and deeper the understanding of the readers.
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• Part 1. Theological Interpretation of Proverbs in the Last Two Hundred Years
• 1. Theological Interpretation of Proverbs between 1800 and 1930
• 2. Theological Interpretation of Proverbs between 1930 and Today
• 3. Finding a Way Forward
• Part 2. Methodology: A Canonical Approach
• 4. A Canonical Approach
• 5. A Canonical Approach and Proverbs
• Part 3. Does Proverbs Promote Sel shness?
• 6. A Call for a Thomistic Reading
• 7. Is Proverbs More Self-Interested than the Rest of the Bible?
• 8. Is Proverbs Solely about Material Success?
• 9. Is God the Highest End in Proverbs?
• Part 4. 'The Secular' in Proverbs
• 10. The Meaning of `Secular'
• 11. Secular (Universal) vs. National (Particular) I
• 12. Secular (Universal) vs. National (Particular) II
• 13. A `Post-Secular' Interpretation of Proverbs: The Hidden God
• 14. Conclusions Bibliography Index of Subjects and Authors Index of Scripture.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Major religious themes of the Bible, such as election and covenant, are not mentioned in the book of Proverbs. Furthermore, self-interest underlies its motivational system ("you shall behave well, because it will be good for you"). These "selfish" and "secular" features have posed serious ethical and theological challenges for some interpreters, while others have claimed that their presence is only in the eyes of the beholder. After a thorough investigation of the history of Proverbs' interpretation in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Zolt n Schw b argues that its self-interested and secular nature should not be simply affirmed or dismissed. The question is not whether Proverbs is selfish and secular but in what ways it is selfish and secular and within what conceptual framework one is supposed to interpret these characteristics. In order to construct a proper framework, Schw b uses such diverse sources as Thomas Aquinas' theological ethics, modern secularization theories, ancient Near Eastern temple ideology, and the theological tradition of God's incomprehensibility. The result is a reading that simultaneously reflects on the ancient context of the text and the concerns of its readers in a secular world.
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• The Book of Job in Form; CONTENTS; PREFACE; This English Version; PART I: INTRODUCTION; A GREAT WORK OF POETRY AND THE COMPETENT READER; Poetics and Competent Reading; How Quality and Quantity Work Together: Two Examples; The Way to the Text Itself: Knowledge and Foreknowledge, Decisive Authority; Remarks on the Translation; NOTES TO PART I; PART II: THE BOOK OF JOB: A LITERARY TRANSLATION IN STROPHIC FORM; INTRODUCTORY PROSE AND JOB'S PROLOGUE (CURSES AND COMPLAINT), CHS. 1-3; THE FIRST ROUND OF THE DEBATE, CHS. 4-14; First Speech by Eliphaz, Chs. 4-5; Job's Answer to Eliphaz, Chs. 6-7.

• First Speech by Bildad, Ch. 8Job's Answer to Bildad, Chs. 9-10; The First Speech of Zophar, Ch. 11; Job's Answer to Zophar, Chs. 12-14; THE SECOND ROUND OF THE DEBATE, CHS. 15-21; Second Speech by Eliphaz, Ch. 15; Job's Answer to Eliphaz, Chs. 16-17; Second Speech by Bildad, Ch. 18; Job's Answer to Bildad, Ch. 19; Second Speech by Zophar, Ch. 20; Job's Answer to Zophar, Ch. 21; THE THIRD ROUND OF THE DEBATE, CHS. 22-28; Third Speech by Eliphaz, Ch. 22; Job's Answer to Eliphaz, Chs. 23-24; Third Speech by Bildad, Ch. 25; Job's Answer to Bildad, Chs. 26-27.

• Job's Final Judgment on Wisdom, Ch. 28CLIMAX I, CHS. 29-31; Job's Survey of His Situation; THE INTERVENTION OF A FOURTH FRIEND, ELIHU, CHS. 32-37; CLIMAX II, THE LAST LONG SPEECH; God Speaks Four Poems, Chs. 38-41; Job's Answer, 42:1-6; The Writer Concludes with Narrative Prose, 42:7-17; PART III: READING AIDS, NOTES, MEASURES; INTRODUCTORY PROSE, CHS. 1-2; THE FIRST POEM: JOB'S PROLOGUE, CH. 3; THE FIRST ROUND OF THE DEBATE, CHS. 4-14; Eliphaz' First Speech, Chs. 4-5; Job's First Answer, Chs. 6-7; Bildad's First Contribution, Ch. 8; Job's Second Answer, Chs. 9-10.

• The First Speech By Zophar, Ch. 11Job's Third Answer: Three Poems, Chs. 12-14; THE SECOND ROUND OF THE DEBATE, CHS. 15-21;
• Chapter 15: Eliphaz' Second Speech; Job's Answer to Eliphaz, Chs. 16-17; Bildad's Second Speech and Job's Answer, Chs. 18-19; Zophar's Second Speech and Job's Answer, Chs. 20-21; THE THIRD ROUND OF THE DEBATE, CHS. 22-28;
• Chapter 22: Eliphaz' Third Speech; Job Answers in Two Parts, Chs. 23-24; A Resumé En Route; The Last Exchange, Chs. 25-27; Conclusion after Debate, Ch. 28; FIRST CLIMAX AFTER DEBATE: SURVEY IN THREE POEMS; Introduction; Chapter 29; Chapter 30; Chapter 31.

• Evaluation: A Growth ProcessELIHU, A YOUNGER FRIEND, CONTRIBUTES, CHS. 32-37; Introduction, the Appearance of a Fourth Friend; Chapter 32; Chapter 33; Chapter 34; Chapter 35; Chapter 36; Chapter 37; CLIMAX II: GOD'S ANSWER FROM THE STORM AND JOB'S FINAL WORDS; Introduction; God's First Round: Two Poems; Conversation in the Middle: 40:1-5; God's Second Round: Again Two Poems; THE CONCLUDING CHAPTER, CH. 42; The Conclusion of the Conclusion: Verse 6; The Narrator Concludes the Book, Verses 7-17; NOTES TO PART III; BIBLIOGRAPHY; Some Bible Translations; Works Cited; GLOSSARY (LITERARY TERMS).

The Book of Job in Form presents to the reader a platform for a personal and intensive encounter with a great work of art. Its bilingual centre offers the text in Hebrew and English, and shows the forty poems in their original form, in 412 strophes and 165 stanzas. The commentary points out how these proportions and the remarkable precision of the poet (who counted syllables on all text levels) affect the thematics of the book, so that the portrait of the hero can be redrawn; his stubbornly defended integrity meets vindication and his last words, generally misunderstood, require a positive understanding. The poetry and its slim framework in prose are a unified composition which deserves a synchronic approach.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Frontmatter; Table of Contents; Acknowledgement; Abbreviations;
• Chapter 1. Introduction;
• Chapter 2. The Nature of Ancient Near Eastern Instructional Texts;
• Chapter 3. The Value of Wisdom: Proverbs 1-9;
• Chapter 4. Rudimentary Wisdom: Proverbs 10-24;
• Chapter 5. Advanced Wisdom: Proverbs 25-29;
• Chapter 6. Applied Wisdom: Proverbs 30-31;
• Chapter 7. The Courtly Nature of the Book of Proverbs; Backmatter.

The social and intellectual context of the material in the book of Proverbs has given rise to several proposals concerning the nature of the constituent compendia within the document as well as the function of the discourse as a whole. In light of the problems inherent in an investigation of the nature and function of Proverbs, the present study focuses on the social dimensions of the document within its distinct, literary context. That is, the study attempts to examine the nature and function of the sapiential material within its new performance context, viz., the discursive context, the Sitz im Buch. This form of analysis moves beyond the investigation of individual aphorisms to provide a concrete context through which to view the various components of the discourse as well as the discourse as a whole. In the main, the study explores the formal, discursive, and thematic features of the constituent collections within the book of Proverbs in order to identify the nature and function of the work. More specifically, the study highlights the fundamental features of the book's discourse setting, the thematic development of the material, the ethos of the individual collections and their role within Proverbs in order to ascertain the degree to which the document may be considered a courtly piece.
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• Theory and practice. Translating and reading: preliminary comments ; Which translation? ; Readers and reading ; The language of poetry ; A framework for reading: I traditional moves ; A framework for reading: II postmodern moves
• Application: select psalms. Psalm 2 ; Psalm 8 ; Psalm 24 ; Psalm 74 ; Psalm 82
• Yahweh comes home to Zion: the psalms of ascents (120-34). The psalms of ascents as a unit ; Psalms 120-34: a preliminary exegesis ; Psalms 120-34: a contextual overview ; Home alone: structural and postmodern readings of psalms 120-34.

Psalms examines the nature of the Psalms as a text in English, dealing specifically with the problem of translation and various aspects of the 'techniques' on reading, with relation to traditional approaches within Biblical studies and contemporary literary theory. Alastair Hunter also outlines a programmatic approach to reading and applies it to a selection of individual Psalms.
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• Reading the letter to the Romans / Jerry L. Sumney
• To the churches within the synagogues of Rome / Mark D. Nanos
• The gentile-encoded audience of Romans: the church outside the synagogue / Andrew Das
• Reading Romans in the capital of the empire / Sylvia C. Keesmaat
• The righteousness of God in Romans / A. Katherine Grieb
• Atonement images in Romans / Joel B. Green
• The law in Romans / Francis Watson
• "Promised through his prophets in the holy scriptures": the role of scripture in the letter to the Romans / Rodrigo J. Morales
• Adam and Christ / James D.G. Dunn
• The spirit brings Christ's life to life / Ann Jervis
• God's covenant faithfulness to Israel / E. Elizabeth Johnson
• "A light to the nations": the role of Israel in Romans 9-11 / Caroline Johnson Hodge
• Living to god, walking in love: theology and ethics in Romans / Victor Paul Furnish.

• 1. Introduction
• 2. The Feast of Ahasuerus and the Feast of Vashti (Esther 1)
• 3. Esther Is Taken to the King (Esther 2)
• 4. The Attempted Rebellion against the King (Esther 2:21-23)
• 5. "Some Time Afterward": The Promotion of Haman (Esther 3:1-6)
• 6. The Casting of the Lot (Esther 3:6-7)
• 7. Did the King Know of Haman's Decree? (Esther 3:8-11)
• 8. The Secret Turning Point (Esther 4)
• 9. Esther's Plan (Esther 5:1-8)
• 10. The Gallows (Esther 5:9-14)
• 11. Mordecai on Horseback (Esther 6)
• 12. Haman's Advisers: Fate versus Divine Providence (Esther 6:12-13)
• 13. Esther's Second Party (Esther 6:14-7:10)
• 14. Mordecai Appointed over Haman's House, and Esther before the King Again (Esther 8:1-8)
• 15. Mordecai's Letters (Esther 8:9-16)
• 16. "Not One Good Thing Was Lacking" (Esther 8:17-9:4)
• 17. Stages of the Festival's Acceptance (Esther 9:15-32)
• 18. The Greatness of the King and the Greatness of Mordecai (Esther 10)
• 19. Conclusion
• Indexes.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Using narrative devices such as allusions and free associations, multivalent expressions, and irony, the author of Esther wrote a story that is about a Jewish woman, Esther, during the time of the Persian exile of Yehudites, and the Persian king, Ahasuerus, who was in power at the time. At various junctures, the author also used secret writing, or we could say that he conveys mixed messages: one is a surface message, but another, often conflicting message lies beneath the surface. For instance, the outer portrayal of the king as one of the main protagonists is an ironic strategy used by the author to highlight the king's impotent, indecisive, "antihero" status. He may wield authority--as symbolized by his twice-delegated signet ring--but he remains powerless. Among all the concealments in the story, the concealment of God stands out as the most prominent and influential example. A growing number of scholars regard the book of Esther as a "comic diversion, " the function and intention of which are to entertain the reader. However, Grossman is more convinced by Mikhail Bakhtin's approach, and he labels his application of this approach to the reading of Esther as "theological carnivalesque." Bakhtin viewed the carnival (or the carnivalesque genre) as a challenge by the masses to the governing establishment and to accepted social conventions. He described the carnival as an eruption of ever-present but suppressed popular sentiments. The connection between the story of Esther and Bakhtin's characterization of the carnivalesque in narrative is evident especially in the book of Esther's use of the motifs of "reversal" and "transformation." For example, the young girl Esther is transformed from an exiled Jewess into a queen in one of the turnabouts that characterize the narrative. Many more examples are provided in this analysis of one of the Bible's most fascinating books.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• ""Front Cover""; ""Title Page""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""Foreword""; ""Preface""; ""Chapter 1""; ""Bibliography""; ""Indexes""; ""Back Cover""

• Part One: Delineating the Approach--
• 1. Postcolonialism as a Critical Practice in Biblical Studies--
• 2. Key Concepts of Strategic Essentialism and Transcultural Hybridity and Two Postcolonial Discourses from India-- Part Two: Viewing the Discursive World of Mark--
• 3. The Postclassical Novels as Postcolonial Novels: A Postcolonial Reading of Chariton's Chaereas and Callirhoe as a Model for Reading Mark--
• 4. The Colonial/Postcolonial World of Mark-- Part Three: A Postcolonial Reading of Mark--
• 5. Current Models of Postcolonial Reading of Mark--
• 6. The Beginning of Mark: An Affiliative-Disruptive Design--
• 7. The Portrait of Huios-Jesus in Mark: A Colonial/Postcolonial Conundrum--
• 8. Conclusion-- Bibliography.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This unique contribution to Markan studies reads Mark's story of Jesus from a postcolonial perspective. It proposes that Mark need not necessarily be treated in an oversimplified polarity as an anti- or pro-colonial discourse. Instead it maybe treated as a postcolonial discourse, i.e. as a hybrid discourse that accommodates and disrupts both the native Jewish and the Roman colonial discourses of power. It shows that Mark accommodates itself into a strategic third space in between the variegated native Jewish and the Roman colonial discourses in order to enunciate its own voice. As anambivalent and hybrid discourse it mimics and mocks, accommodates and disrupts both theJewish as well as the Roman colonial voices. The portrait of Jesus in Mark, whichSamuel showsto be encoding also the portrait of a community, exhibits a colonial/ postcolonial conundrum which can neither be damned as pro- nor be praised as anti-colonial in nature. Instead the portrait of Jesus in Mark may be appreciated as a strategic essentialist and transcultural hybrid, in which the claims of difference and the desire for transculturality are both contradictorily present and visible. In showing such aportrait and invoking a complex discursive strategy Mark as the discourse of a subject community is not alone or unique in the Graeco-Roman world. A number of discourses historical, creative novelistic and apocalyptic of the subject Greek and Jewish communities in the eastern Mediterranean under the imperium of Rome from the second century BCE to the end of the first century CE exhibit very similar postcolonial traits which one may add to be not far from the postcolonial traits of a number of postcolonial creative writings and cultural discourses of the colonial subject and the dominated post-colonial communities of our time.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The canonical approach to scripture and The editing of the Hebrew Psalter / Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford
• The editing of the Psalter and the ongoing use of the Psalms: Gerald Wilson and the question of canon / Harry P. Nasuti
• Changing our way of being wrong: the impact of Gerald Wilson's The editing of the Hebrew Psalter / J. Clinton McCann Jr.
• The dynamic of praise in the ancient Near East, or poetry and politics / Erhard S. Gerstenberger
• Philosophical perspectives on religious diversity as emergent property in the redaction/composition of the Psalter / Jaco Gericke
• Let us cast off their ropes from us: the editorial significance of the portrayal of foreign nations in Psalms 2 and 149 / Derek E. Wittman
• The message of the Asaphite collection and its role in the Psalter / Christine Brown Jones
• Instruction, performance, and prayer: the didactic function of psalmic wisdom / Catherine Petrany
• "Wealth and riches are in his house" (Psalm 112:3): acrostic wisdom psalms and the development of antimaterialism / Phil J. Botha
• Perhaps YHWH is sleeping: "awake" and "contend" in the book of Psalms / Karl N. Jacobson
• Revisiting the theocratic agenda of book 4 of the Psalter for interpretive premise / Sampson S. Ndoga
• On reading Psalms as liturgy: Psalms 96-99 / Jonathan Magonet
• The role of the foe in book
• 5: reflections on the final composition of the Psalter / W. Dennis Tucker Jr.
• Gerald Wilson and the characterization of David in book 5 of the Psalter / Robert E. Wallace
• The contribution of Gerald Wilson toward understanding the book of Psalms in light of the psalms scrolls / Peter W. Flint
• Imagining the future of psalms studies / Rolf A. Jacobson.

"This volume explores questions of communities of faith, of collections of psalms, of theological viewpoints, of sovereignty, and, most of all, of the shape and shaping of, arguably, the most beloved book of the Old Testament"-- Provided by publisher.

• Intro
• Contents
• Translator's Note
• Psalm Studies
• 1: ʼAwen and the Psalms of Individual Lament
• Preface
• 1. The Path to the Core of the Term
• 2. Development
• 3. Magic in Israelite Popular Belief
• 4. The Enemies in the Individual Psalms of Lament
• 5. The Individual Psalms of Lament as Cultic Psalms
• 6. The End of the Cultic Healing Rites
• Psalm Studies
• 2: YHWH's Enthronement Festival and the Origin of Eschatology
• Preface
• Part 1: The Enthronement Psalms and the Festival of YHWH's Enthronement
• 1. The Enthronement Psalms and Their Interpretation
• 2. YHWH's Enthronement Festival
• 3. YHWH's Dominion (Kingdom)
• 4. The Age of the Festival
• Part 2: The Origins of Israelite Eschatology
• 1. The Problem and the Thesis
• 2. Outline of the Argument
• 3. From Experience to Hope.

• Introduction : "the insoluble riddle." Categories 1 and 2 : author-as-eyewitness and source-as-eyewitness solutions ; Categories 3 and 4 : fictional and conventional eyewitness solutions ; Problems and possibilities ; Narrator as narrative character
• Stories, storytellers, and readers. Readers ; Stories and storytellers ; Storytelling and storytellers ; Characterizing the storyteller ; Conclusions : narrator and narrative levels
• The narrator as "he, " "me, " and "we" : the use of grammatical person in antiquity. Thucydides ; Polybius ; Josephus ; Review and results : summary of findings ; Review and results : significance for Acts
• Paul and Barnabas : companions on the journey. Paul ; Barnabas ; Barnabas as Paul's companion
• The "we" character. Introduction of the narrator character ; First appearance of the "we" character (Acts 16:10-17) ; Second appearance of the "we" character (Acts 20:5-21:18) ; Paul (and the narrator?) in Jerusalem and Caesarea (Acts 21:19-26:32) ; Final appearance of the "we" character (Acts 27:1-28:16) ; Summary
• Conclusion : who are "we" in Acts? : asking the question differently.

• Introduction (The Editors)--
• Section 1: Biblical perspectives--
• Section 2: Insights from the history of interpretation--
• Section 3: Contemporary hermeneutical possibilities-- Epilogue (The Editors)-- Indexes.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Leading scholars reflect critically on the kinds of appeal to the Bible that have been made in environmental ethics and ecotheology. "Ecological Hermeneutics" reflects critically on the kinds of appeal to the Bible that have been made in environmental ethics and ecotheoloogy; engages with biblical texts with a view towards exploring their contribution to an ecological ethics; and, explores the kind of hermeneutic necessary for such engagement to be fruitful for contemporary theology and ethics. Crucial to such broad reflection is the bringing together of a range of perspectives: biblical studies, historical theology, hermeneutics, and theological ethics. The thematic coherence of the book is provided by the running focus on the ways in which biblical texts have been, or might be, read. This is not a volume on ecotheology; but rather on ecological hermeneutics. Indeed, some essays may show where biblical texts, or particular approaches in the history of interpretation, represent anthropocentric or even anti-ecological moves. One of the overall aims of the book will be to suggest how, and why, an ecological hermeneutic might be developed, and the kinds of interpretive choices that are required in such a development.
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• Part I The Psalms/psaumes Gilles Dorival, Titres hebreux et titres grecs des psaumes Mzekala Shanidze, Old Georgian Psalter and the Titles of the Psalms Florence Bouet, Pluralite et choix editoriaux: etude des variants
• -
• au Ps 118, 105 et
• -
• au Ps 129,5 Charles Renoux, Quelques psaumes dans les documents liturgiques anciens georgiens et armeniens Part II The Gospels/evangiles Christian-Bernard Amphoux, Qu'est-ce que le type de texte "cesareen"? Didier Lafleur, Le codex de Koridethi ( .038) et la famille
• 13: une nouvelle collation de l'evangile de Marc J.Keith Elliott, The Endings of Mark's Gospel and the Presentation of the Variants in the Marc multilingue Edition Josep Rius-Camps, Le Codex de Beze: Base indispensable pour une edition de l'evangile de Marc Jenny Read-Heimerdinger, The Problem of Editing a Text with a Multiple Textual Tradition Bernard Outtier, Les types de texte des evangiles en georgien ancient
• Appended: D.M. Lang, Recent Work on the Georgian New Testament Darejan Tvaltvadze, The Manuscripts of Georgian Translations of the Gospels from the Black Mountain Manana Machkhaneli, The Manuscript Anbandidi Jost Gippert, Fragments of St John's Gospel in the Language of the Causasian Albanians
• Appended: Review, The Caucasian Albanian Palimpsests of Mount Sinai, Simon Crisp, Anne Boud'hors, Le caractere harmonisant des traditions de l'evangile de Marc en copte sahidique.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Recent research on the text of the Psalms and Gospels in Greek and in certain versions, principally Coptic, Georgian and Armenian, reveals common characteristics when attempting to separate later editions of a text from its earliest forms. The essays in this collection give concrete examples of the issues involved and suggested explanations for textual changes. Les versions anciennes de la Bible ont un interet majeur dans la mesure ou elles traduisent un modele qui n'est pas celui des traductions modernes et conservent ainsi des formes textuelles disparues, souvent tres anciennes. C'est en particulier le cas des versions georgiennes, pour lesquelles des convergences sont apparues entre les recherches menees a Tbilisi et dans diverses equipes europeennes. Centre sur les psaumes et les evangiles, le colloque a reuni des communications concernant diverses langues de versions anciennes, en particulier le geogien, mais aussi le copte, le syriaque, l'armenien et l'albanien du Caucase, a partir du grec de la Septante et du Nouveau Testament.
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• Introduction--
• Chapter 1: Survey of the Literature on the Structure of Hebrews--
• Chapter 2: Introduction to Discourse Analysis Theory & Methodology--
• Chapter 3: Jesus-the Apostle of Our Confession: Analysis of Hebrews 1:1-4:16--
• Chapter 4: Jesus the High Priest of Our Confession
• Part 1 - A Priest according to the Order of Melchizedek: Analysis of Hebrews 4:11-7:28.
• Chapter 5: Jesus the High Priest of Our Confession
• Part 2 - A Priest who Equips Us to Draw Near to Near to God: Analysis of Hebrews 8:1-10:25--
• Chapter 6: Partners in a Heavenly Calling - The Priesthood of the Believers: Analysis of Hebrews 10:19-13:25--
• Chapter 7: Conclusion-- Bibliography.
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This study attempts to analyse the text of Hebrews with a method of discourse analysis primarily based on a form of systemic functional linguistics developed for Hellenistic Greek, but it is also informed by other linguistic studies. It begins with a general survey of the literature that is either influential or representative of approaches to the structure of Hebrews. The survey is followed by an introduction to the terminology and definitions of discourse analysis, as well as the theory behind the methodology, and describes a procedure for analysing text. Hebrews is treated as having three sections. The first section of Hebrews (1:1-4:16) demonstrates the organization of the units, the topic of the units, the prominent text, and the relationship of the first section with the rest of the discourse. The second section of Hebrews (4:11-10:25) is described in two parts (4:11-7:28 and 8:1-10:25) because of its length. There is an overlap between the first and second sections in 4:11-16 and between the second and third sections in 10:19-25. Both of these passages have a concluding function for the preceding co-text and a staging function for the following co-text, so that they look backwards and forwards. The third and final section in 10:19-13:25 contains the climax or discourse peak. The study is concluded with a description of the coherence of the discourse and a presentation of a mental representation of the text. JSNTS and Studies in New Testament Greek subseries.
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• Cover; Editorial Board; Title; Copyright; CONTENTS; Preface; List of Figures; Abbreviations; INTRODUCTION;
• Chapter 1 A DWELLING PLACE OF DEMONS;
• Chapter 2 NATIONS HAVE DRUNK HER WINE;
• Chapter 3 THE MERCHANTS HAVE GROWN RICH;
• Chapter 4 REPAY HER DOUBLE FOR HER DEEDS;
• Chapter 5 THE BLOOD OF PROPHETS AND OF SAINTS;
• Chapter 6 A HEALING OF THE NATIONS; Bibliography; Index of References; Index of Authors; Index of Subjects.

Drawing evidence from ancient literature, coins, inscriptions and artwork, Kraybill points to the penetration of the Roman imperial cult (emperor worship) into commercial settings as a primary concern of the Apocalypse. By the time John was on Patmos, people in Asia Minor could not 'buy or sell' without giving idolatrous allegiance to Rome. Imperial cult and commerce blended in guild halls, the banking industry and the market place. John calls readers to 'come out from' pagan loyalties of Roman imperial society and give full allegiance to a New Jerusalem of justice and equality under the rule.

• Chapter 1-- Introduction
• Chapter 2: Mark's Written Gospel, Orality-Aurality, and Memory
• Chapter 3: Memory Resources of the Markan Oral-Aural Narrative: Frames
• Chapter 4: Frame Theory
• Chapter 5: Frames and the Organization of the Controversy Stories (Mark 2.1-3.6)
• Chapter 6: Frames and the Processing of the Controversy Stories (Mark 2.1-3.6)
• Chapter 7: Conclusion Glossary Bibliography Indices.
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This book is a study of the New Testament using the insights of modern linguistics. Its principal concern, above all, is to examine how the Gospel of Mark, produced in an oral-aural culture, may be illuminated by frame theory from cognitive linguistics, a linguistic theory in which the meaning of a word, phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph and thematic unit can only be properly understood against the background of a particular body of knowledge and assumptions. The reason this theory is particulary useful for understanding Mark's ancient text is because as an oral-aural narrative it heavily relies on human memory (cognitive) resources; and so the cognitive theory leads us into a better understanding of ways in which the text is communicated in terms of cognitive processing.
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• An approach to the book of Jeremiah / Klaas A.D. Smelik
• Toward a synchronic analysis of the masoretic text of the book of Jeremiah / A.O.J. van der Wal
• Getting closer to Jeremiah : the word of Yhwh and the literary-theological person of a prophet / Joep Dubbink
• Jeremiah the Prophet : astride two worlds / Louis Stulman
• The scaffolding of the book of Jeremiah / Martin Kessler
• The place of the reader in Jeremiah / C.R. Seitz
• The polyphonic Jeremiah : a reading of the book of Jeremiah / Robert P. Carroll
• The function of Jeremiah 50 and 51 in the book of Jeremiah / Klaas A.D. Smelik
• A god of vengeance? : comparing Yhwh's dealings with Judah and Babylon in the book of Jeremiah / J.G. Amesz
• At the mercy of Babylon : a subversive rereading of the empire / Walter Brueggemann
• Jeremiah's message of hope : public faith and private anguish / Ronald Clements
• "Your exile will be long" : the book of Jeremiah and the unending exile / John Hill
• Divine reliability and the conceptual coherence of the book of Consolation (Jeremiah 30-31) / Bob Becking
• Citations from the book of Jeremiah in the New Testament / J.W. Mazurel.

• Chapter 1: The Enigma Of The A)Etoi& Saying:
• 1. The Eschatological Discourse (Luke 17.22-37)--
• 2. Proposed Meanings of the a)etoi& Saying-- a. Indicative of the Disciples' Ignorance-- b. Indicative of the Nature of Jesus' Return-- c. Indicative of the Nature of the Final Judgment-- d. Indicative of the Location of Jesus' Return-- e. Indicative of the Location of the Final Judgment-- f. In Reference to those 'left behind'-- g. In Reference to those 'taken'--
• 3. Summary and Thesis--
• Chapter 2: The A)Etoi& Logion And Its Immediate Context (Luke 17.11-18.14)--
• 1. The Literary Landscape of Luke's Eschatological Discourse-- a. The Grateful Samaritan (Luke 17.11-19)-- b. The Pharisees' Question (Luke 17.20-21)-- c. The Eschatological Discourse (Luke 17.22-37)-- d. The Vindication of the Widow (Luke 18.1-8)-- e. The Two Men in the Temple (Luke 18.9-14)--
• 2. Synoptic Parallels to Luke's Eschatological Discourse--
• 3. Redaction-Critical Exegesis of Luke's Eschatological Discourse (Luke 17.22-37)-- a. The Disappearance and Revelation of the Son of Man (Luke 17.22-24)-- b. The Suffering of the Son of Man (Luke 17.25)-- c. The Day(s) of the Son of Man Likened to the Day(s) of Noah and Lot (Luke 17.26-30)-- d. Exhortation Concerning Evacuation 'on that day' (Luke 17.31-33)-- e. The Separation of Humanity (Luke 17.34-35)-- f. The Disciples' Question and the a)etoi& Saying (Luke 17.37)--
• 4. Summary and Conclusion--
• Chapter 3: The Aetos In Antiquity--
• 1. The Meaning of aeto
• 2. The Vulture as the Consumer of the Dead-- a. Examples from Antiquity-- b. The Exclusion of Eagles from this Role-- c. The Appearance of a)etoi& in the Synoptic Tradition--
• 3. The Role of the Eagle as Transporter of the Soul-- a. Egyptian Origin-- b. Syrian Transformation-- c. Greco-Roman Appropriation-- d. Apotheosis in Luke 17.37?--
• 4. The Eagle as the Deliverer of the Elect-- a. The Hero-Quest-- b. The Zeus-Cult-- c. Yahweh's Deliverance of Israel--
• 5. Summary and Conclusion-- Deliverance Tradition On Luke's Eschatological Discourse (Luke 17.22-37)--
• 1. Exodus 19//Deuteronomy 32-- a. OT Typology-- b. Passover Eschatology-- c. Historical Exemplar--
• 2. 1 Enoch--
• 3. The Testament of Moses--
• 4. The Testament of Judah--
• 5. The Post-Lukan Tradition--
• 6. Summary and Conclusion--
• Chapter 5: The Deliverance Of The Elect In Luke's Synoptic Apocalypse (Luke 21.5-36)--
• 1. Questions Concerning the Destruction of the Temple (Luke 21.5-7)--
• 2. The Signs Preceding the Temple's Demise (Luke 21.8-11)--
• 3. The Persecution of the Disciples (Luke 21.12-19)--
• 4. The Destruction of Jerusalem (Luke 21.20-24)--
• 5. The Eschaton (Luke 21.25-28)--
• 6. The Parable of the Fig Tree (Luke 21.29-33)--
• 7. Concluding Admonition (Luke 21.34-36)--
• 8. Summary and Conclusion-- Conclusion-- Appendix 1-- Patristic Commentators On The A)Etoi& Saying-- Appendix 2-- Exegetical Analysis Of 'The Pharisees' Question' (Luke 17.20-21)-- Appendix 3-- Did Pauline (Thessalonian) Eschatology-- Influence Luke?-- Bibliographies--
• 1. Primary and Reference Works--
• 2. Secondary Works.
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Although many scholars consider Luke 17:22-37 to be "the most important eschatological passage in Luke-Acts, " few agree on the precise meaning of the enigmatic proverb which forms its conclusion (Luke 17:37). Generally, Jesus' logion is taken to convey a macabre image of impending judgement. However, this study offers fresh literary, redactional, and historical evidence to suggest that Luke recast Jesus' saying in order to describe something much more glorious--the deliverance of the elect. Examination of the material elsewhere in Luke-Acts corroborates Luke's expectation of an ethereal reunion, and suggests that this hope constitutes the most characteristic feature of Lukan eschatology.
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• The lateness of the text
• Linguistic differentiation
• The comparative material
• Genre.

• Mark as allegorical rewriting of Paul : Gustav Volkmar's understanding of the Gospel of Mark / Anne Vig Skoven
• Mark, interpreter of Paul / Joel Marcus
• Paul and Mark, Mark and Paul : a critical outline of the history of research / Heike Omerzu
• "Evangelium" im Markusevangelium : zum traditionsgeschichtlichen Ort des ältesten Evangeliums / Gerd Theissen
• Earliest Christian literary activity : investigating authors, genres and audiences in Paul and Mark / Eve-Marie Becker
• In the beginning was the congregation : in search of a tertium conparationis between Paul and Mark / Mogens Müller
• Romans 1:1-7 and Mark 1:1-3 in comparison : two opening texts at the beginning of early Christian literature / Oda Wischmeyer
• Man and the Son of Man in Mark 2:27-28 : an exegesis of Mark 2:23-28 focussing on the christological discourse in Mark 2:27-28 with an epilogue concerning Pauline parallels / Jan Dochhorn
• Mark 7:1-23 : a Pauline halakah? / Kasper Bro Larsen
• Paul in Mark 8:34-9:1 : Mark on what it is to be a Christian / Troels Engberg-Pedersen
• The politics of beginnings : cosmology, Christology and covenant : Gospel openings reconsidered in the light of Paul's pneumatology / Gitte Buch-Hansen
• Adam-Christ typology in Paul and Mark : reflections of a tertium comparationis / Ole Davidsen
• The cross on the way to Mark / Jesper Tang Nielsen
• Persecution and denial : paradigmatic apostolic portrayals in Paul and Mark / Finn Damgaard.

Was Paul a direct influence on Mark? On the basis of the latest methods in New Testament scholarship, the battle over Yes and No to this question is waged within these pages. In the end, no agreement is reached, but the basic issues and their impact on studying epistolary and narrative literature in 1st-century Christianity stand out with much greater clarity than before.
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This volume brings together an international group of scholars on Mark and Paul, respectively, who reopen the question whether Paul was a direct influence on Mark. On the basis of the latest methods in New Testament scholarship, the battle over Yes and No to this question of literary and theological influence is waged within these pages. In the end, no agreement is reached, but the basic issues stand out with much greater clarity than before. How may one relate two rather different literary genres, the apostolic letter and the narrative gospel? How may the theologies of two such different types of writing be compared? Are there sufficient indications that Paul lies directly behind Mark for us to conclude that through Paul himself and Mark the New Testament as a whole reflects specifically Pauline ideas? What would the literary and theological consequences of either assuming or denying a direct influence be for our reconstruction of 1st century Christianity? And what would the consequences be for either understanding Mark or Paul as literary authors and theologians? How far should we give Paul an exalted a position in the literary creativity of the first Christians? Addressing these questions are scholars who have already written seminally on the issue or have marked positions on it, like Joel Marcus, Margaret Mitchell, Gerd Theissen and Oda Wischmeyer, together with a group of up-coming and senior Danish scholars from Aarhus and Copenhagen Universities who have collaborated on the issue for some years. The present volume leads the discussion further that has been taken up in: "Paul and Mark" (ed. by O. Wischmeyer, D. Sim, and I. Elmer), BZNW 191, 2013.
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