• Introduction Conserving health: the Non-Naturals in early modern culture and society - Sandra Cavallo Part I: A comparative perspective on preventive literature
• 1 Regimens, authors and readers: Italy and England compared - Sandra Cavallo and Tessa Storey Part II: The Non-Naturals and the vulnerable body
• 2 'What to expect when you're always expecting': frequent childbirth and female health in late Renaissance Italy - Caroline Castiglione
• 3 'Ordering the infant': caring for newborns in early modern England - Leah Astbury (available open access)
• 4 'She sleeps well and eats an egg': convalescent care in early modern England - Hannah Newton (available open access) Part III: Airs and places
• 5 Neapolitan airs: health advice and medical culture on the edge of a volcano - Maria Conforti
• 6 The afterlife of the Non-Naturals in early eighteenth-century Hippocratism: from the healthy individual to a healthy population - Maria Pia Donato Part IV: Spiritual health and bodily health
• 7 Sleep-piety and healthy sleep in early modern English households - Sasha Handley
• 8 English and Italian health advice: Protestant and Catholic bodies - Tessa Storey Part V: Spaces, paintings and objects: performing and portraying health
• 9 Chasing 'good air' and viewing beautiful perspectives: painting and health preservation in seventeenth-century Rome - Frances Gage
• 10 Hot drinking practices in the late-Renaissance Italian household: a case-study around an enigmatic pouring vessel - Marta Ajmar Index
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Did early modern people care about their health? And what did it mean to lead a healthy life in Italy and England? Through a range of textual evidence, images and material artefacts Conserving health in early modern culture documents the profound impact which ideas about healthy living had on daily practices as well as on intellectual life and the material world in this period. In both countries staying healthy was understood as depending on the careful management of the six 'Non-Naturals': the air one breathed, food and drink, excretions, sleep, exercise and repose, and the 'passions of the soul'. To a close scrutiny, however, models of prevention differed considerably in Italy and England, reflecting country-specific cultural, political and medical contexts and different confessional backgrounds. The following two chapters are available open access on a CC-BY-NC-ND license here: http://www.oapen.org/search?identifier=633180 3 'Ordering the infant': caring for newborns in early modern England - Leah Astbury 4 'She sleeps well and eats an egg': convalescent care in early modern England - Hannah Newton -- .
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• Acknowledgments List of Figures Introduction Well-Versed Mathematics Chapter One Cryptographica: Leon Battista Alberti's De componendis Cifris (1466) Chapter Two Divine Characters: Luca Pacioli's "degno alphabeto Anticho" (1509) Chapter Three A Poetic Solution to the Cubic Equation: Niccolo Tartaglia's "Quando chel cubo" (1546) Chapter Four Hidden Curves: Giambattista Della Porta's Elementorum curvilineorum libri tres (1601/1610) Bibliography Index.
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Measured Words investigates the rich commerce between computation and writing that proliferated in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Italy. Arielle Saiber explores the relationship between number, shape, and the written word in the works of four exceptional thinkers: Leon Battista Alberti's treatis on cryptography, Luca Pacioli's ideal proportions for designing Roman capital letters, Niccolo Tartaglia's poem embedding his solution to solving cubic equations, and Giambattista Della Porta's curious study on the elements of geometric curves. Although they came from different social classes and practiced the mathematical and literary arts at differing levels of sophistication, they were all guided by a sense that there exist deep ontological and epistemological bonds between computational and verbal thinking and production. Their shared view that a network or continuity exists between the arts yielded extraordinary results. Through measuring their words, literally and figuratively, they are models of what the very best interdisciplinary work can offer us.
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• Joara, Cuenca, and Fort San Juan
• Introduction / Robin A. Beck, David G. Moore, and Christopher B. Rodning
• Who they were: situating the colonial encounter
• Joara in time and space / Robin A. Beck, David G. Moore, and Christopher B. Rodning
• Recollections of the Juan Pardo Expeditions: the 1584 Domingo de Lecentn account / John E. Worth
• Where they lived: household archaeology at Fort San Juan
• The built environment of the Berry Site Spanish compound / Robin A. Beck, David G. Moore, Christopher B. Rodning, Sarah Sherwood, and Elizabeth T. Horton
• Wood selection and technology in structures 1 and 5 / Lee Ann Newsom
• What they ate: politics, food, and provisioning
• People, plants, and early frontier food / Gayle J. Fritz
• Fauna, subsistence, and survival at Fort San Juan / Heather A. Lapham
• What they carried: material culture and household practice
• Spanish material culture from the Berry Site / Christopher B. Rodning, Robin A. Beck, David G. Moore, and James Legg
• Native material culture from the Spanish compound / David G. Moore, Christopher B. Rodning, and Robin A. Beck
• What they left behind: fragments of the colonial encounter.

Built in 1566 by Spanish conquistador Juan Pardo, Fort San Juan is the earliest known European settlement in the interior United States. Located at the Berry site in western North Carolina, the fort and its associated domestic compound stood near the Native American town of Joara, whose residents sacked the fort and burned the compound after only eighteen months. Drawing on archaeological evidence from architectural, floral, and faunal remains, as well as newly discovered accounts of Pardo's expeditions, this volume explores the deterioration in Native American-Spanish relations that sparked Joara's revolt and offers critical insight into the nature of early colonial interactions.
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• Foreword, by William J. Haboush Introduction
• 1. The Volunteer Army and the Discourse of Nation
• 2. The Volunteer Army and the Emergence of Imagined Community
• 3. War of Words: The Changing Nature of Literary Chinese in the Japanese Occupation
• 4. Language Strategy: The Emergence of a Vernacular National Space
• 5. The Aftermath: Dream Journeys and the Culture of Commemoration Publications by JaHyun Kim Haboush Notes Bibliography Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Imjin War (1592-1598) was a grueling conflict that wreaked havoc on the towns and villages of the Korean Peninsula. The involvement of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean forces, not to mention the regional scope of the war, was the largest the world had seen, and the memory dominated East Asian memory until World War II. Despite massive regional realignments, Korea's Choson Dynasty endured, but within its polity a new, national discourse began to emerge. Meant to inspire civilians to rise up against the Japanese army, this potent rhetoric conjured a unified Korea and intensified after the Manchu invasions of 1627 and 1636. By documenting this phenomenon, JaHyun Kim Haboush offers a compelling counternarrative to Western historiography, which ties Korea's idea of nation to the imported ideologies of modern colonialism. She instead elevates the formative role of the conflicts that defined the second half of the Choson Dynasty, which had transfigured the geopolitics of East Asia and introduced a national narrative key to Korea's survival. Re-creating the cultural and political passions that bound Choson society together during this period, Haboush reclaims the root story of solidarity that helped Korea thrive well into the modern era.
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• Pages:1 to 25; Pages:26 to 50; Pages:51 to 75; Pages:76 to 100; Pages:101 to 125; Pages:126 to 150; Pages:151 to 175; Pages:176 to 200; Pages:201 to 214.

The role of architecture within the French Reformed tradition has been of recent scholarly interest, seen in the work of Helene Guicharnaud, Catharine Randall, Andrew Spicer, and others. Few, however, have explored in depth the relationship between Reformed theology and architectural forms. This thesis explores the roots of Reformed aesthetics, set against the background of late medieval church architecture. The work of Serlio is demonstrably important in the spreading of the ideas of Vitruvius, indicating the influence of classical Roman building on French Reformed architecture. There follows.

• List of Illustrations Technical Notes Introduction
• 1. Nako's Socio-Political History and Artistic Heritage
• 2. Forgetting to Remember: Gyapagpa Temple's Shifting Identity
• 3. Mapping Drigung Activity in Nako and the Western Himalaya
• 4. Gyapagpa's Painting Style and its Antecendents
• 5. Origin and Meaning of a Renascent Painting Tradition Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index.
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Sixteenth-century wall paintings in a Buddhist temple in the Tibetan cultural zone of northwest India are the focus of this innovative and richly illustrated study. Initially shaped by one set of religious beliefs, the paintings have since been reinterpreted and retraced by a later Buddhist community, subsumed within its religious framework and communal memory. Melissa Kerin traces the devotional, political, and artistic histories that have influenced the paintings' production and reception over the centuries of their use. Her interdisciplinary approach combines art historical methods with inscriptional translation, ethnographic documentation, and theoretical inquiry to understand religious images in context.
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• Introduction
• Astrology and Maximilian's autobiography
• Astrology as imperial propaganda
• Teaching astrology
• Instruments and authority
• Wall calendars and practica
• Ephemerides and their uses
• Prognostications
• Conclusion : astrology and Maximilian's legacy.

This book examines the complex ways that political practice and astrological discourse interacted at the Habsburg court, a key center of political and cultural power in Early Modern Europe. Despite its popular association today with magic, astrology was once a complex and sophisticated practice, grounded in technical training provided by a university education. Like other monarchs, Maximilian used it to help guide political actions, turning to astrologers and their predictions to find the most propitious times to sign treaties or arrange marriage contracts. Perhaps more significantly, the emperor employed astrology as a political tool to gain support for his reforms and to reinforce his own legitimacy as well as that of the Habsburg dynasty. In this manuscript, Hayton analyzes the various rhetorical tools astrologers used to argue for the nobility, antiquity, and utility of their discipline, and how they strove to justify their "science" on the grounds that through its rigorous interpretation of the natural world, astrology could offer more reliable predictions. This book draws on extensive printed and manuscript sources from archives across northern and central Europe, including Poland, Germany, France, and England.
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• Acknowledgements; Abbreviations; List of Illustrations; Prologue;
• Chapter 1 Dutch in Early Modern England: An Introduction; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Terminology; 1.3 Sources; 1.4 The People Who Knew Dutch in Early Modern England; 1.4.1 Dutch Communities in England; 1.4.2 Temporary Dutch Visitors to England; 1.4.3 English People Who Knew Dutch; 1.5 Conclusion;
• Chapter 2 Dutch in the Church; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Dutch Church Congregations in Early Modern England: A Chronology; 2.2.1 The Sixteenth Century; 2.2.2 The Seventeenth Century; 2.2.3 Other Religious Communities.

• 2.3 Written Dutch in the Church Domain2.3.1 Correspondence; 2.3.2 Meeting Minutes; 2.3.3 Church Registers; 2.3.4 Simeon Ruytinck's Treatise on an Agape Meal; 2.3.5 Memorials and Inscriptions; 2.3.6 Books Printed in Dutch; 2.3.7 Concluding Remarks on Written Dutch in the Church Domain; 2.4 Spoken Dutch in the Church Domain: A Chronology; 2.4.1 The Sixteenth Century; 2.4.2 The Seventeenth Century; 2.4.3 The Eighteenth Century; 2.5 Conclusion;
• Chapter 3 Work and the Government of the Dutch Communities; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Use of Dutch in the Work Domain; 3.2.1 Textiles; 3.2.2 Printing.

• 3.2.3 Drainage and Engineering3.2.4 Fishermen and other Sailors; 3.2.5 Merchants; 3.2.6 Other Working Environments; 3.2.7 Dutch Loanwords in English in the Work Domain; 3.3 The Government of the Dutch Communities; 3.3.1 The politicke mannen in Norwich; 3.3.2 The politicke mannen in other Dutch Communities; 3.4 Conclusion;
• Chapter 4 Learning and the Home; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Domain of Learning; 4.2.1 The Education of the Children in Dutch Communities in England; 4.2.2 Further Education; 4.2.3 Cornelis Drebbel: A Case Apart; 4.2.4 The Royal Society; 4.2.5 Materials for Learning Dutch.

• 4.2.6 Dutch Books in Private and Public Collections4.2.7 Concluding Remarks on Learning; 4.3 The Domestic Domain; 4.3.1 Personal Letters; 4.3.2 Wills; 4.3.3 Household Inventories; 4.3.4 Other Evidence of Written Dutch in the Domestic Domain; 4.3.5 Concluding Remarks on Written Dutch in the Domestic Domain; 4.3.6 Spoken Dutch in the Domestic Domain; 4.4 Dutch Words in English Dialects; 4.5 Conclusion;
• Chapter 5 The Court, Diplomacy and the Military; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Diplomatic Domain; 5.2.1 The Written Use of Dutch in the Diplomatic Domain.

• 5.2.2 The Spoken Use of Dutch in the Diplomatic Domain5.2.3 English Diplomats Who Knew Dutch; 5.3 Dutch at Court; 5.3.1 Elizabeth I; 5.3.2 James I; 5.3.3 Charles I; 5.3.4 Charles II; 5.3.5 The Commonwealth; 5.3.6 William III; 5.4 The Military Domain; 5.5 Dutch in the Navy; 5.6 Conclusion;
• Chapter 6 Dutch Literature; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Dutch Verse in Early Modern England; 6.2.1 The Refereyn; 6.2.2 Dutch Sonnets in Sixteenth-Century England; 6.2.3 Jacobus Colius; 6.2.4 Jan Cruso; 6.2.5 Jan Proost; 6.2.6 Constantijn Huygens; 6.2.7 Abraham Booth; 6.2.8 Franciscus Junius.

In The Dutch Language in Britain (1550-1702) Christopher Joby offers an account of the knowledge and use of Dutch in early modern Britain. Using extensive archive material from Britain and the Low Countries, Chris Joby demonstrates that Dutch was both written and spoken in a range of social domains including the church, work, learning, the home, diplomacy, the military and navy, and the court. Those who used the language included artisans and their families fleeing religious and economic turmoil on the continent; the Anglo-Dutch King, William III; and Englishmen such as the scientist Robert Hooke. Joby's account adds both to our knowledge of the use of Dutch in the early modern period and multilingualism in Britain at this time.
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• Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Part I: Writing Publics (Publics and Nation);
• 1. States, Nations, and Publics: The Politics of Language Reform in Renaissance England;
• 2. Translating the Law: Sir Edward Coke and the Formation of a Juristic Public;
• 3. Apocalyptics and Apologetics: Richard Helgerson on Elizabethan England's Religious Identity and the Formation of the Public Sphere; Part II: Forming Social Identities and Publics;
• 4. Perverse Delights: Cross Channel Trash Talk and Identity Publics;
• 5. Making Public the Private.

• 6. Public and Private Intercourse in Dutch Genre Scenes: Soldiers and Enigmatic Women / Painters and Enigmatic Paintings7. Sonnets from Carthage, Ballads from Prison: Entertainment and Public Making in Early Modern Spain; Part III: Networks and Publics;
• 8. Forms of Nationhood and Forms of Publics: Geography and Its Publics in Early Modern England;
• 9. "The Land Speaks": John Shrimpton's Antiquities of Verulam and St. Albans and the Making of Verulamium;
• 10. Collectors, Consumers, and the Making of a Seventeenth-Century English Ballad Public: From Networks to Spheres.

• 11. Forms of Internationality: The Album Amicorum and the Popularity of John Owen (1564-1622)Part IV: Theatrical Publicity;
• 12. The Voice of Caesar's Wounds: The Politics of Martyrdom in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar;
• 13. Shakespeare's Pains to Please;
• 14. The Political Fortunes of Robin Hood on the Early Modern Stage; Afterword: Richard Helgerson and Making Publics; About the Contributors; Index; Back Cover.

• Contents Acknowledgments vii List of Figures, Graphs, and Tables ix Introduction 1
• Part 1 At the Source: Production of the Alabaster Sculpture in the Southern Netherlands
• 1 Alabaster as a Sculpture Material 17
• 2 Alabaster in Netherlandish Sculpture from the Late Gothic to the Early Baroque 44
• 3 Serial Production of Alabaster Sculpture in Mechelen 96
• 4 The Spread of Alabaster Sculpture from the Low Countries 124
• Part 2 At the Destination: Southern Netherlandish Alabaster Sculpture in Central and Northern Europe
• 5 Altarpieces 143
• 6 Tombs and Epitaphs 205
• 7 Exhibits of Real and `Imagined' Collections 254
• 8 Alabaster Chambers 271 Epilogue 279 Documents 287 Bibliography 301 Notes 333 Index of Persons 372 Index of Geographic Names 380.
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The Low Countries are generally considered to be the land of painting. Consequently, sculpture, especially that of the 16th century, has been insufficiently explored. In Moving Sculptures Aleksandra Lipinska presents a little-known chapter of the history of Netherlandish sculpture: the serial production of small-scale alabaster reliefs, altarpieces and statuettes in the workshops of Mechelen and Antwerp between c. 1525 and 1650. She gives the reader an insight into the rules of this craft, the specificity of the material, and the marketing methods employed. But the innovative element of this study lies in the fact that Lipinska analyses the phenomenon from the perspective of its distant recipients in Central and Northern Europe on the basis of works largely unknown to the broader public. For sample pages click on Google Books button.
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• List of illustrations -- Notes on contributors -- Key names -- Introduction / Lee Palmer Wandel.
• Part one. Theology: The medieval inheritance / Gary Macy
• Martin Luther / Volker Leppin
• Huldrych Zwingli and Heinrich Bullinger / Carrie Euler
• Martin Bucer / Nicholas Thompson
• John Calvin / Nicholas Wolterstorff
• Anabaptist theologies of the Eucharist / John D. Rempel
• Anglican theologies of the Eucharist / James F. Turrell
• The Council of Trent / Robert J. Daly, S.J.
• Part two. Liturgical practices: Catholic liturgies of the Eucharist in the time of reform / Isabelle Brian
• From sacrifice to supper: Eucharist practice in the Lutheran Reformation / Thomas H. Schattauer
• Reformed liturgical practices / Raymond A. Mentzer
• Anabaptist liturgical practices / Michele Zelinsky Hanson
• Anglican liturgical practices / James F. Turrell
• The Spanish New World / Jaime Lara.
• Part three. Sites of the Eucharist: Sites of the Eucharist / Andrew Spicer.
• Part four. The art of the liturgy: A view of the Eucharist on the eve of the Protestant Reformation / Achim Timmermann
• The Lutheran tradition / Birgit Ulrike Münch
• Reformed / Andreas Gormans.
• Part five. The Eucharist and sound: The sounds of eucharistic culture / Alexander J. Fisher.
• Part six. The import of the Eucharist: Sacramental poetics / Regina M. Schwartz
• Enlightenment aesthetics and the eucharistic sign: Lessing's Laocoön / Christopher Wild. -- Bibliography -- Index.

By the end of the fifteenth century, the Eucharist had come to encompass theology, liturgy, art, architecture, and music. In the sixteenth century, each of these dimensions was questioned, challenged, rethought, as western European Christians divided over their central act of worship. This volume offers an introduction to early modern thinking on the Eucharist-as theology, as Christology, as a moment of human and divine communion, as that which the faithful do, as taking place, and as visible and audible. The scholars gathered in this volume speak from a range of disciplines-liturgics, history, history of art, history of theology, philosophy, musicology, and literary theory. The volume thus also brings different methods and approaches, as well as confessional orientations to a consideration of the Eucharist in the Reformation. Contributors include: Gary Macy, Volker Leppin, Carrie Euler, Nicholas Thompson, Nicholas Wolterstorff, John D. Rempel, James F. Turrell, Robert J. Daly, Isabelle Brian, Thomas Schattauer, Raymond A. Mentzer, Michele Zelinsky Hanson, Jaime Lara, Andrew Spicer, Achim Timmermann, Birgit Ulrike Munch, Andreas Gormans, Alexander J. Fisher, Regina M. Schwartz, and Christopher Wild.
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• Contents Acknowledgments ix List of Illustrations xi List of Abbreviations of Journals and Reference Books xii Introduction 1
• 1 Copernicus between 1514 and
• 1616: An Overview 11
• 1 Copernicus's Connection 11
• 2 Platonizing Humanists 15
• 3 Rheticus and the Printing of De revolutionibus 19
• 4 The Network of German Mathematicians 23
• 5 Italy 25
• 6 France 31
• 7 Spain and Flanders 35
• 8 England and Scotland 37
• 9 Central European Circles and Courts 43
• 10 The Physical-Cosmological Turn 48
• 11 Heliocentrism between Two Centuries: Kepler and Galileo 51
• 12 Geo-Heliocentrism and Copernican Hypotheses 53
• 13 The Difficult Reconciliation between Copernicus and the Sacred Scripture 56
• 14 Copernicus before and after 1616 59
• 15 Summary of the Main Lines of the Early Reception of Copernicus 63
• 2 Astronomy at the Crossroads of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy and Epistemology 66
• 1 A Split Reception of Copernicus 66
• 2 Copernicus Presents Himself as a Mathematician 70
• 3 Cosmology and Mathematics in Copernicus's Commentariolus 71
• 4 A Clash of Authorities: Averroist Criticism of Mathematical Astronomy 76
• 5 Fracastoro's Homocentrism 79
• 6 Amico on Celestial Motions 82
• 7 Osiander's Theological Instructions 85
• 8 Melanchthon's Approach to Nature 87
• 9 Rheticus's Early "Realism" 92
• 10 The Elder Rheticus and Pierre de la Ramee against the Astronomical Axiom 94
• 11 Facts and Reasons in Astronomy according to Melanchthon and Reinhold 97
• 12 Reinhold's Astronomy and Copernicus 100
• 13 Epistemological Remarks on Reinhold's Terminology 104
• 14 Peucer's Continuation of Reinhold's Program 107
• 15 Wittich's Combinatory Games 112
• 16 Brahe as the Culmination of the Wittenberg School 116
• 17 Beyond Selective Reading 120
• 3 Beyond Computation: Copernican Ephemerists on Hypotheses, Astrology and Natural Philosophy 124
• 1 A Premise: Gemma Frisius as a Reader of Copernicus 124
• 2 Frisius's Cosmological Commitment in Stadius's Ephemerides 127
• 3 Stadius and Copernicus 130
• 4 Ephemerides and Astrology 132
• 5 Some Remarks on Rheticus's Challenge to Pico 134
• 6 Giuntini's Post-Copernican Astrology 136
• 7 Magini: Copernican Ephemerides, Astrology and Planetary Hypotheses 139
• 8 A Dispute on the Reliability of Ephemerides in Turin 142
• 9 Benedetti's Defense of Post-Copernican Ephemerides and Astrology 145
• 10 Origanus's Planetary System 149
• 11 Origanus's Arguments in Favor of Terrestrial Motion 151
• 12 Conclusions 156
• 4 A Finite and Infinite Sphere: Reinventing Cosmological Space 158
• 1 The Finite Infinity of the World Revised 159
• 2 Cusanus's Two Infinities 161
• 3 Cusanus's Role in the Copernican Debate 164
• 4 The Invention of the Pythagorean Cosmology 167
• 5 Pythagoreanism and Cosmological Infinity according to Digges 170
• 6 The Infinity of Space and Worldly Finiteness as a Restoration of the Stoic Outlook 173
• 7 Benedetti's Approach to the Copernican System 175
• 8 Stoicism in Germany: Pegel's Cosmology 179
• 9 Bruno's Pythagorean Correction of Copernicus's Planetary Model 183
• 10 Bruno's Defense of Cosmological Infinity 186
• 11 Homogeneity, Aether and Vicissitude according to Bruno 188
• 12 Kepler's Anti-Brunian Pythagoreanism 191
• 13 Conclusions: Eclectic Concepts of Cosmological Space in the Renaissance 195
• 5 A Ship-Like Earth: Reconceptualizing Motion 197
• 1 The Connection between Cosmology and Physics in Aristotle and Ptolemy 199
• 2 Copernicus's Physical Considerations 203
• 3 Nominalist Sources on Terrestrial Motion 205
• 4 Calcagnini 209
• 5 Renaissance Variations on the Ship Metaphor 213
• 6 Bruno's Vitalist Conception of Terrestrial Motion 216
• 7 Benedetti's Archimedean Dynamics 219
• 8 Benedetti's Post-Aristotelian Physics and Post-Copernican Astronomy 220
• 9 A New Alliance between Mechanics and Astronomy 223
• 10 Brahe's Physical Considerations 225
• 11 Concluding Remarks 230
• 6 A priori and a posteriori: Two Approaches to Heliocentrism 234
• 1 Mastlin's a posteriori Astronomy 235
• 2 The Young Kepler and the Secret Order of the Cosmos 238
• 3 Kepler Defends and Expounds the Hypotheses of Copernicus 242
• 4 The Distances of the Planets: Mastlin's Contribution 243
• 5 Mastlin: Finally We Have an a priori Astronomy 245
• 6 The Sun as the Universal Motive Force 248
• 7 The New Astronomy 250
• 8 Natural Arguments in Astronomy 251
• 9 Gravitas and vis animalis 254
• 10 Celestial Messages 257
• 11 First Reactions to the Celestial Novelties 263
• 12 Kepler's Discourses with Galilei 266
• 7 The Bible versus Pythagoras: The End of an Epoch 271
• 1 Condemnation 271
• 2 First Scriptural Reservations in the Protestant World 272
• 3 Rheticus and the Scriptures 274
• 4 Spina and Tolosani 278
• 5 Rothmann's Opinion on the Scriptural Issue 281
• 6 Censorship in Tubingen 284
• 7 Scriptural Defense of Terrestrial Motion by Origanus 286
• 8 In Iob Commentaria 287
• 9 Bruno, Copernicus and the Bible 290
• 10 The Galileo Affaire 293
• 11 Foscarini pro Copernico 297
• 12 Galilei to Christina of Lorraine 303
• 13 Foscarini to Bellarmino 304
• 14 Bellarminian Zeal 307
• 15 Campanellan Libertas 309
• 16 Campanella's Cosmologia 311
• 17 Apologia pro Galilaeo 314
• 18 Conclusions: Accommodation and Convention 318
• 8 Laughing at Phaeton's Fall: A New Man 322
• 1 Holistic Views in the Astronomical-Astrological Culture of the Renaissance 323
• 2 The Ethical Question in Bruno: Philosophical Freedom and the Criticism of Religion 332
• 3 The Reformation of the Stars: a Metaphor for the Correction of Vices 335
• 4 A Copernican Sunrise 339
• 5 Beyond the Ethics of Balance 342
• 6 Heroic Frenzy 344
• 7 Actaeon: The Unity of Man and Nature 347
• 8 Bruno's Polemics, Banishments and Excommunications 350
• 9 Cosmological and Anti-Epicurean Disputations at Helmstedt 352
• 10 Mencius against Epicurean Cosmology 354
• 11 Bruno's Support of Atomistic Views 356
• 12 "New Astronomy" at Helmstedt 358
• 13 Liddel's Teaching of Astronomy and Copernican Hypotheses 360
• 14 Hofmann's Quarrel over Faith and Natural Knowledge 363
• 15 Franckenberg and the Spiritualist Reception of Bruno and Copernicus 365
• 16 Hill and the Epicurean Reception of Bruno and Copernicus 372
• 17 A New Imagery: Phaeton's Fall 378
• 18 Conclusions: The New Humanity 382 Bibliography 387 Index of Names 425 Index of Places 432.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In Copernicus in the Cultural Debates of the Renaissance, Pietro Daniel Omodeo presents a general overview of the reception of Copernicus's astronomical proposal from the years immediately preceding the publication of De revolutionibus (1543) to the Roman prohibition of heliocentric hypotheses in 1616. Relying on a detailed investigation of early modern sources, the author systematically examines a series of issues ranging from computation to epistemology, natural philosophy, theology and ethics. In addition to offering a pluralistic and interdisciplinary perspective on post-Copernican astronomy, the study goes beyond purely cosmological and geometrical issues and engages in a wide-ranging discussion of how Copernicus's legacy interacted with European culture and how his image and theories evolved as a result.
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• Contents Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Introduction
• 1 Printing in and for Scandinavia before the Reformation
• 2 Scandinavian Book Trade and the European Context
• 3 Book Collections and Collectors: Churches and Monasteries
• 4 Book Collectors and Collections: Universities and Schools
• 5 Book Collectors and Collections: Private Owners
• 6 The Reception of Printed Works Conclusion: Transnationalism and a Model for Scandinavian Pre-Reformation Book History
• Appendix 1 The Malmoe List
• Appendix 2 Books from the Principal Pre-Reformation Danish Religious Libraries
• Appendix 3 The Lecturer's Library in Slesvig
• Appendix 4 The Inventory of a House Belonging to the Bishop of Odense, 1530-1532 Bibliography Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Printed book cultures in Scandinavia before 1525 were formed by their vicinity to expanding European book markets. Collections of prints were founded, decisions on printing books in Scandinavia were based upon thorough knowledge of what printers on the continent achieved in question of volume, quality and price. Building on a large database of contemporary provenances and statistical analyses of every possible aspect of peripheral book markets, as well as on new readings of many old and new sources, this book recalibrates scholarly looks on Scandinavian book history before the Reformation. The result is a fresh portrait of a dynamic period in cultural history which places Scandinavia, though in the geographical periphery of Europe, in the middle of European printing.
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• Preface Conventions List of Figures Introduction
• PART ONE: THE PLAIN ENGLISHMAN
• 1. The Rise of an Ethos of Plainness
• 2. The Plain-Speaking Englishman
• A Language in Flux
• The Cult of Homespun Speech
• Politicisation of the Plain Englishman
• The Speech of Returned Travellers
• The Courtier's Velvet Terms
• Discoursing Gestures
• 3. The Image of the Englishman
• The Politics of Appearances
• A Golden Age of Native Dress
• The Materials of Identity
• A World of Fashions
• Dressing the Head
• PART TWO: THE LOYAL ENGLISHMAN
• 4. The Development of an Anti-Catholic Narrative
• 5. The Estrangement of English Catholics
• Constructing a Plain, Protestant and Un-French Utopia
• The Alienation of the Jesuits
• The ideological battle against Spanishness
• Debating National Authenticity
• 6. The Fabrication of a Jesuited Mock Weal
• Catholic Reassertions of Englishness
• Staging Englishness and Jesuitism
• Machiavels and Mercuries in the Caroline Era
• The Triumph of a Stereotype
• PART THREE: THE FREE ENGLISHMAN
• 7. The Growth of a Rhetoric of Liberty
• 8. The Rights-Bearing Englishman
• Early Statements in Parliament
• The 1628 Synthesis of Rights
• Liberties as Popular Polemic
• The New Enemies of Liberty
• Revolutionary Implications
• 9. The Neo-Classical Englishman
• The Roman Tradition
• The Spectre of National Decline
• The Brink of Degeneration
• The Classical Republican Turn
• The `Fate' of English Liberty Conclusion Bibliography
• Manuscripts
• Printed Primary Sources
• Secondary Works Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Making the Englishmen: Debates on National Identity 1550-1650 asks how Englishmen defined themselves at a time of profound change and uncertainty. It will seek to contextualise the ways in which Englishness came to be construed as free, plain and unCatholic, and situate this construction as part of a larger attempt to create a narrative which would distinguish them from the rest of Europe. But all such attempts were fraught with anxiety and contestation. The normative ideals of Englishness were constantly being undermined, affronted and ignored. In the disarray characteristic of the post-Reformation era, there were constant fears that the Englishman was becoming both slavish and treacherous in political, cultural and religious ways. Englishness was under threat.
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• Contents: Introduction, John Slater, Jose Pardo-Tomas and Marialuz Lopez-Terrada.
• Part 1 Spain and the New World of Medical Cultures: The culture of Peyote: between divination and disease in early modern New Spain, Angelica Morales Sarabia-- `Antiguamente vivian mas sanos que ahora': explanations of native mortality in the Relaciones Geograficas de Indias, Jose Pardo-Tomas-- The blood of the dragon: alchemy and natural history in Nicolas Monardes's Historia medicinal, Ralph Bauer.
• Part 2 Itineraries of Spanish Medicine: `From where they are now to whence they came from': news about health and disease in New Spain (1550-1615), Mauricio Sanchez-Menchero-- Literary anthropologies and Pedro Gonzalez, the `Wild Man' of Tenerife, M.A. Katritzky-- The medical cultures of `the Spaniards of Italy': scientific communication, learned practices, and medicine in the correspondence of Juan Paez de Castro (1545-1552), Elisa Andretta.
• Part 3 Textual Cultures in Conflict, Competition, and Circulation: `Offspring of the mind': childbirth and its perils in early modern Spanish literature, Enrique Garcia Santo-Tomas-- `Sallow-faced girl, either it's love or you've been eating clay': the representation of illness in the Golden Age theater, Marialuz Lopez-Terrada-- The dramatic culture of astrological medicine in early modern Spain, Tayra M.C. Lanuza-Navarro-- The theological drama of chymical medicine in early modern Spain, John Slater. Epilogue: the difference that made Spain, the difference that Spain made, William Eamon-- Bibliography-- Index.
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Early modern Spain was a global empire in which a startling variety of medical cultures came into contact, and occasionally conflict, with one another. Spanish soldiers, ambassadors, missionaries, sailors, and emigrants of all sorts carried with them to the farthest reaches of the monarchy their own ideas about sickness and health. These ideas were, in turn, influenced by local cultures. This volume tells the story of encounters among medical cultures in the early modern Spanish empire. The twelve chapters draw upon a wide variety of sources, ranging from drama, poetry, and sermons to broadsheets, travel accounts, chronicles, and Inquisitorial documents; and it surveys a tremendous regional scope, from Mexico, to the Canary Islands, the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, and Germany. Together, these essays propose a new interpretation of the circulation, reception, appropriation, and elaboration of ideas and practices related to sickness and health, sex, monstrosity, and death, in a historical moment marked by continuous cross-pollination among institutions and populations with a decided stake in the functioning and control of the human body. Ultimately, the volume discloses how medical cultures provided demographic, analytical, and even geographic tools that constituted a particular kind of map of knowledge and practice, upon which were plotted: the local utilities of pharmacological discoveries; cures for social unrest or decline; spaces for political and institutional struggle; and evolving understandings of monstrousness and normativity. Medical Cultures of the Early Modern Spanish Empire puts the history of early modern Spanish medicine on a new footing in the English-speaking world.
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• The familiarity of terrestrial divinity
• Divine right rule and the providential worldview
• Rescuing virtue from Machiavelli
• Prince or patrone? Cosimo as an ecclesiastical patron
• Cosimo and Savonarolan reform
• Defense of the sacred.

In 1537, Florentine Duke Alessandro dei Medici was murdered by his cousin and would-be successor, Lorenzino dei Medici. Lorenzino's treachery forced him into exile, however, and the Florentine senate accepted a compromise candidate, seventeen-year-old Cosimo dei Medici. The senate hoped Cosimo would act as figurehead, leaving the senate to manage political affairs. But Cosimo never acted as a puppet. Instead, by the time of his death in 1574, he had stabilized ducal finances, secured his borders while doubling his territory, attracted an array of scholars and artists to his court, academy, and universities, and, most importantly, dissipated the perennially fractious politics of Florentine life. Gregory Murry argues that these triumphs were far from a foregone conclusion. Drawing on a wide variety of archival and published sources, he examines how Cosimo and his propagandists successfully crafted an image of Cosimo as a legitimate sacral monarch. Murry posits that both the propaganda and practice of sacral monarchy in Cosimo's Florence channeled preexisting local religious assumptions as a way to establish continuities with the city's republican and renaissance past. In The Medicean Succession, Murry elucidates the models of sacral monarchy that Cosimo chose to utilize as he deftly balanced his ambition with the political sensitivities arising from existing religious and secular traditions.
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Cosimo dei Medici stabilized ducal finances, secured his borders, doubled his territory, attracted scholars and artists to his court, academy, and universities, and dissipated fractious Florentine politics. These triumphs were far from a foregone conclusion, as Gregory Murry shows in this study of how Cosimo crafted his image as a sacral monarch.
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• Introduction PART I: A DEFENCE OF ROBERT BRENNER
• 1. Robert Brenner's Thesis on the Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism
• 2. The Prime Mover of Economic and Social Development
• 3. Feudalism, Serfdom and Extra-Economic Surplus Extraction
• 4. Class Conflict and the Crisis of Feudalism
• 5. Insecure Property and the Origin of Capitalism
• 6. The Rise of Capitalist Yeomen and a Capitalist Aristocracy
• 7. Periodising the Origin of Capitalism in England
• 8. Orthodox Marxism versus Political Marxism
• PART II: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN KENT: A CASE STUDY
• 9. Economy and Society in Late Medieval Lydd and its Region
• 10. Engrossment, Enclosure and Resistance in the Fifteenth Century
• 11. An Emerging Capitalist Social-Property Structure
• 12. Engrossment, Enclosure and Resistance in the Sixteenth Century
• 13. Legitimising Social Transformation: The Festival of St. George Conclusion Appendix References Index.
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Incorporating original archival research and a series of critiques of recent accounts of economic development in pre-modern England, in The Origin of Capitalism in England, 1400-1600, Spencer Dimmock has produced a challenging and multi-layered account of a historical rupture in English feudal society which led to the first sustained transition to agrarian capitalism and consequent industrial revolution. Genuinely integrating political, social and economic themes, Spencer Dimmock views capitalism broadly as a form of society rather than narrowly as an economic system. He firmly locates its beginnings with conflicting social agencies in a closely defined historical context rather than with evolutionary and transhistorical commercial developments, and will thus stimulate a thorough reappraisal of current orthodoxies on the transition to capitalism.
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• Acknowledgments List of Illustrations Introduction Chapter One Art and Compunction: Francesco Bocchi's Mystical Experience of Art Compunction in Renaissance Literature on Art Compunction and Popular Devotion at the Santissima Annunziata in Florence Francesco Bocchi's Ekphrasis, Catharsis and Compunction Purging and Nourishing Chapter Two Leon Battista Alberti's `De pictura' and the Christian Tradition of the Liberal Arts An Image Formed in the Mind and an Imitation of Nature The Liberal Arts in Alberti and the Christian Tradition Study and Composition: Painting as a Form of Meditation A Part and a Whole: Alberti's Beauty Chapter Three The Word of God and the Book of the World in the Writings of Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo as a Reader of Spiritual Literature Tears and Laughter in Leonardo The World is a Book Judgment and Love: Ogni Dipintore Dipinge Se In One Instant Alone Chapter Four: Part One Imagining the Souls of Holy People Lifting the Veil of the Body The Soul of a Work of Art: The Agency of Sacred Art The Sweetness of Honey: Painted Flesh, Veils and Interiority Perfection of Body and Soul: The Souls of Artists and of Paintings Chapter Four: Part Two The Impossibility of Picturing Virtue: The Face as a Natural Sign The `Costume' of Virtue, Seeing Beneath the Veil and Francesco Bocchi Chapter Five Invention and Amplification: Imagining Sacred History Gabriele Paleotti's Theory of Sacred Art and Contemplative Ascent How Images are Like Scripture and Like Sermons in Paleotti's `Discorso' Rhetoric, Reading and Remembering in Pictorial Invention The Circumstances of Sacred History From History of Allegory in Sacred Art Chapter Six Vasari's City of God: Spirituality, Art and Architecture in Vasari's `Lives' and `Ragionamenti' Spirituality in Vasari's Literary Context The Stones of Memory in the Palazzo Vecchio The Architecture of Allegory in Vasari and Hugh of St. Victor The Time of Allegory and the Space of History Conclusion Bibliography Index.
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Analyzing the literature on art from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, The Spiritual Language of Art explores the complex relationship between visual art and spiritual experiences during the Italian Renaissance. Though scholarly research on these writings has predominantly focused on the influence of classical literature, this study reveals that Renaissance authors consistently discussed art using terms, concepts and metaphors derived from spiritual literature. By examining these texts in the light of medieval sources, greater insight is gained on the spiritual nature of the artist's process and the reception of art. Offering a close re-readings of many important writers (Alberti, Leonardo, Vasari, etc.), this study deepens our understanding of attitudes toward art and spirituality in the Italian Renaissance.
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• Acknowledgments Introduction Commercial networks
• Chapter 1: The Commercial Network of The Company of Venice
• Johannes de Colonia and Nicolaus Jenson
• Peter Ugelheimer, The Creator of the Commercial Network
• The Transfer of the Network to Ugolino di Fabriano and Giovan Pietro Bonomini
• A Transfer of Control in Perugia The Network Ceded to Gerhard Lof
• A Transfer of Control in Siena Giovan Pietro Bonomini: From Tuscany to Portugal
• Chapter 2: The Development of Commercial Networks
• The Giunti
• 1. The First Generation
• 2. The Second Generation
• 3. The Third Generation
• 4. The Giunti in Rome
• The Gabiano Family
• 1. Giovanni Bartolomeo da Gabiano
• Other Booksellers' Commercial Networks
• 1. Bernardino Stagnino
• 2. Giovanni Giolito de' Ferrari
• 3. The Sessa Family
• 4. The Varisco Family
• Juridical Relations Among Wholesalers and Retailers
• 1. The Practice of Sales on Commission in the Book Trade
• 2. The Sale or Return Contract
• 3. Other Types of Relations Between Wholesalers and Retailers
• Production
• Chapter 3: Press Runs
• Press Runs Inferred from the Zornale of Francesco de' Madi (1484-1488)
• Geographical and Historical Oscillations Press Runs in the Cinquecento
• Chapter 4: Warehouses
• The Market: From Local to Transnational The Growth of Warehouses: The Warehouse of Sigismondo dei Libri (1484)
• The Warehouse of Platone de' Benedetti (1497)
• The Warehouse of Niccolo Gorgonzola (1537)
• Book Warehouses in the Cinquecento
• Book Warehouses and Paper Supplies
• Chapter 5: Marks and Branches
• Marks
• 1. Marks in Printed Books
• 2. Contention Over Marks
• 3. The History of an Emblematic Mark: The Giolito Phoenix
• 4. Non-Commercial Marks on Printed Books
• Branches
• 1. The System of Branches
• 2. The Transnational System of Branches
• 3. The Gabiano Family in Lyon
• 4. The Manuzio Firm in Paris
• 5. The Branch System in Italy
• 6. The Giolito Branch Organization
• The Giolito Branch in Naples (1545)
• The Giolito Branch in Rome (1582?)
• 7. Branches and Marks
• 8. Branches and the Diffusion of Publishing Initiatives
• 9. Foreign Branches in Italy?
• Chapter 6: The Book Privilege System
• The Institution of the Privilege
• Book Privileges
• Literary Privileges
• Venetian Legislation Regarding Printing (Up to 1540)
• Venetian Legislation Regarding Printing (1540s to 1603)
• Applying for a Privilege
• Notification and Display of Privileges
• The Privileged Printer
• Pre-publication Censorship and Licencing
• Book Privileges in Rome
• The Great Venetian Bookmen and Papal Privileges Selling and Distribution
• Chapter 7: Distribution
• Distribution among University Cities: Cultural Contacts and Fiscal Exemptions
• Distribution from Venice Middlemen
• Chapter 8: Fairs
• Italian Bookmen at the Frankfurt Fair
• Pietro Perna (d. 1582)
• Pietro Longo (d. 1588)
• Giovan Battista Ciotti (d. after 1625)
• Italian Books at the Frankfurt Fair
• Italian Fairs
• Venice, a Permanent Book Fair
• Book Fairs in Italy
• The Fairs of Recanati and Foligno
• The Fair of Lanciano
• A Bookseller at the Fairs: Bernardo d'Asola, Agent of the Gabiano Firm (1522)
• Chapter 9: Retail Sales: Distribution Inside and Outside of Bookshops
• Cartolai and Peddlers in the Diario of the Ripoli Press (1476-1484)
• Cheap Print Sales Outside of Bookshops
• The Sale of Books in Cartolai's Shops
• Shop Sales: The Zornale of Francesco de' Madi (1484-1488)
• The Price of Books
• Chapter 10: Shop Inventories
• The Characteristics of Shop Inventories
• Inventories of the 1470s and 1480s
• Inventories of the 1490s
• Early Sixteenth-Century Inventories
• Inventories in the University Cities: Giunti in Perugia-- Giolito in Turin
• and Pavia
• Bookshop Inventories after 1550
• Ferrara
• Rome
• Verona
• Venice
• Vicenza
• Cremona
• Milan
• Table: Editions and Copies in Bookshops
• Chapter 11: Managing a Bookstore
• Internal Views
• Inside the Shops: The Placement and Arrangement of Books
• Bound Books, Used Books Buying and Selling a Bookshop Men of Letters and the Bookshop
• Epilogue Bibliography Index.
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This work offers the first English-language survey of the book industry in Renaissance Italy. Whereas traditional accounts of the book in the Renaissance celebrate authors and literary achievement, this study examines the nuts and bolts of a rapidly expanding trade that built on existing economic practices while developing new mechanisms in response to political and religious realities. Approaching the book trade from the perspective of its publishers and booksellers, this archive-based account ranges across family ambitions and warehouse fires to publishers' petitions and convivial bookshop conversation. In the process it constructs a nuanced picture of trading networks, production, and the distribution and sale of printed books, a profitable but capricious commodity. Originally published in Italian as Il commercio librario nell'Italia del Rinascimento (Milan: Franco Angeli, 1998; second, revised ed., 2003), this present English translation has not only been updated but has also been deeply revised and augmented.
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• General Editor's Preface List of Tables, Figures and Map Preface: Genesis of a Question and Interpretation Acknowledgement
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Setting the Stage: Native Peoples and Augustinian Missions in Central Mexico and Beyond the Chichimeca Frontier
• 3. The War against Satan and Sin: The Open Chapel Murals of San Nicolas Tolentino and Santa Maria Xoxoteco
• 4. The Holy War against the Chichimecas: The Ixmiquilpan Church Mural Series
• 5. Beyond the Chichimeca Frontier: Augustinian Evangelization of the Sierra Gorda, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries
• 6. Conclusion Glossary Selected Bibliography Index.
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In the sixteenth century Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian missionaries attempted to convert the native populations of central Mexico. The native peoples generally viewed the new religion in terms very different from that of the missionaries. As conflict broke out after 1550 as Spaniards invaded the Chichimeca frontier (the frontier between sedentary and nomadic natives), the missionaries faced new challenges on both sides of the frontier. Some sedentary natives resisted evangelization, and the missionaries saw themselves in a war against Satan and his minions. The Augustinians assumed a pivotal role in the evangelization campaign on both sides of the Chichimeca frontier, and employed different methods in the effort to convince the natives to embrace the new faith and to defeat Satan's designs. They used graphic visual aids and the threat of an eternity of suffering in hell to bring recalcitrant natives, such as the Otomi of the Mezquital Valley, into the fold.
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• CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction Section One The Legal Status of the Ottoman Tributaries The Legal and Political Status of Wallachia and Moldavia in Relation to the Ottoman Porte Viorel Panaite Sovereignty and Subordination in Crimean-Ottoman Relations (Sixteenth-Eighteenth Centuries) Natalia Krolikowska Between Vienna and Constantinople: Notes on the Legal Status of the Principality of Transylvania Terez Oborni Janus-faced Sovereignty: The International Status of the Ragusan Republic in the Early Modern Period Lovro Kuncevic Cossack Ukraine In and Out of Ottoman Orbit, 1648-1681 Victor Ostapchuk Section Two The Diplomacy of the Tributary States in the Ottoman System Sovereignty and Representation: Tributary States in the Seventeenth-century Diplomatic System of the Ottoman Empire Gabor Karman Diplomatic Relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Dubrovnik Vesna Miovic Enemies Within: Networks of Influence and the Military Revolts against the Ottoman Power (Moldavia and Wallachia, Sixteenth-Seventeenth Centuries) Radu G. Paun Section Three Military Cooperation between the Ottoman Empire and Its Tributaries The Friend of My Friend and the Enemy of My Enemy: Romanian Participation in Ottoman Campaigns Ovidiu Cristea The Military Co-operation of the Crimean Khanate with the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Maria Ivanics `Splendid Isolation'? The Military Cooperation of the Principality of Transylvania with the Ottoman Empire (1571-1688) in the Mirror of the Hungarian Historiography's Dilemmas Janos B. Szabo The Defensive System of the Ragusan Republic (c. 1580-1620) Domagoj Madunic Section Four Instead of a Conclusion: on the "Compositeness" of the Empire The System of Autonomous Muslim and Christian Communities, Churches, and States in the Ottoman Empire Sandor Papp What is Inside and What is Outside? Tributary States in Ottoman Politics Dariusz Kolodziejczyk Notes on Contributors Indices.
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The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire is the first comprehensive overview of the empire's relationship to its various European tributaries, Moldavia, Wallachia, Transylvania, Ragusa, the Crimean Khanate and the Cossack Hetmanate. The volume focuses on three fundamental aspects of the empire's relationship with these polities: the various legal frameworks which determined their positions within the imperial system, the diplomatic contacts through which they sought to influence the imperial center, and the military cooperation between them and the Porte. Bringing together studies by eminent experts and presenting results of several less-known historiographical traditions, this volume contributes significantly to a deeper understanding of Ottoman power at the peripheries of the empire.
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• Cover; CONTENTS; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; INTRODUCTION;
• CHAPTER 1 THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND;
• CHAPTER 2 THE TEXTS AND EDITORIAL PROTOCOLS; TheTexts; Transcription and Translation Protocols; Abbreviations Used in This Text;
• CHAPTER 3 LORENZO DE TEJADA AND THE BEGINNING OF THE INVESTIGATION; Spanish Concern Over Treatment of Indians; The Residencia, Visita, and Pesquisa Traditions; An Investigation Is Launched; A Translation of the Documentary Record; A Transcript of the Documentary Record;
• CHAPTER 4 THE FIRST DE OFICIO WITNESSES, FRANCISCA DE HOZES AND ALONSO SÁNCHEZ; A Woman and Her Husband.

• A Translation of the TestimonyA Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 5 JUAN GÓMEZ DE PARADINAS, THE THIRD DE OFICIO WITNESS; A Tailor, Alguacil, and Billeting Officer; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 6 DOMINGO MARTÍN, THE FOURTH DE OFICIO WITNESS; A Veteran of the Conquest of Mexico; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 7 JUAN DE CONTRERAS, THE FlFTH DE OFICIO WlTNESS; The Head Groom; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 8 RODRIGO XIMÓN, THE SIXTH DE OFICIO WITNESS.

• A Veteran of the Conquest of Nueva GaliciaA Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 9 CRISTÓBAL DE ESCOBAR, THE SEVENTH DE OFICIO WITNESS; A Recent Arrival in the New World; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 10 JUAN TROYANO, THE EIGHTH DE OFICIO WITNESS; A Professional Military Man; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 11 RODRIGO DE FRÍAS, THE NINTH DE OFICIO WITNESS; A Member of the Advance Guard; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony.

• CHAPTER 12 MELCHIOR PÉREZ, THE TENTH DE OFICIO WITNESSSon of the Previous Governor; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 13 PEDRO DE LEDESMA, THE ELEVENTH DE OFICIO WITNESS; A Member of Vázquez de Coronado's Household; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 14 JUAN DE ZALDÍVAR, THE TWELFTH DE OFICIO WITNESS; A Captain; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 15 THE NOMINAL TARGET OF THE INVESTIGATION, FRANCISCO VÁZQUEZ DE CORONADO; Investor and Captain General; A Translation of the Testimony.

• A Transcript of the Testimony
• CHAPTER 16 ALONSO ÁLVAREZ, THE FOURTEENTH DE OFICIO WlTNESS; The Standard Bearer; A Translation of the Testimony; A Transcript of the Testimony;
• CHAPTER 17 THE FISCAL'S ACCUSATIONS AGAINST VÁZQUEZ DE CORONADO; The Fiscal Cristóbal de Benavente; A Translation of the Documentary Record; A Transcript of the Documentary Record;
• CHAPTER 18 THE MAESTRE DE CAMPO HELD RESPONSIBLE; The Penalty Paid By García López de Cárdenas; A Translation of the Documentary Record; A Transcript of the Documentary Record;
• CHAPTER 19 DEFENSE OFFERED BY VÁZQUEZ DE CORONADO.

Only two years after Coronado's expedition to what is now New Mexico, Spanish officials conducted an inquiry into the effects of the expedition on the native people Coronado encountered. The documents that record that investigation are at the heart of this book. These depositions are as fresh as today's news. Published both in the original Spanish and in English translation, they provide an unparalleled wealth of information about the Indians' responses to the Europeans and the attitudes of the Europeans toward the native peoples.
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• Introduction : Ireland and the Virginian Sea
• Toward a Colonial Ireland? The Sixteenth Century
• Across the Virginian Sea : Contact and Encounter
• Laboring in the Fields of Ulster
• Creating Colonial Virginia
• Conclusion. Convergence and Divergence : Ireland and America.

In the late sixteenth century, the English started expanding westward, establishing control over parts of neighboring Ireland as well as exploring and later colonising distant North America. Audrey Horning deftly examines the relationship between British colonization efforts in both locales, depicting their close interconnection as fields for colonial experimentation. Focusing on the Ulster Plantation in the north of Ireland and the Jamestown settlement in the Chesapeake, she challenges the notion that Ireland merely served as a testing ground for British expansion into North America. Horning instead analyzes the people, financial networks, and information that circulated through and connected English plantations on either side of the Atlantic. In addition, Horning explores English colonialism from the perspective of the Gaelic Irish and Algonquian societies and traces the political and material impact of contact. The focus on the material culture of both locales yields a textured specificity to the complex relationships between natives and newcomers while exposing the lack of a determining vision or organisation in early English colonial projects.
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• List of Tables and Figures ... ix Acknowledgements ... xi Preface ... xiii
• 1. Introduction ... 1
• 2. Joachim Du Bellay: Language and Culture ... 23
• 3. The Neo-Catullan Revolution ... 55
• 4. Martial, Marot, and `le petit mot pour rire' ... 97
• 5. Epitaphs and tombeaux ... 127
• 6. The Latin Ronsard ... 159
• 7. The Morel Salon: A Microcosm of the Res publica litterarum ... 203 Conclusion ... 227 Appendix: List of French Authors ... 235 Bibliography ... 257 Index ... 265.
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In Virgil's third Eclogue, Palaemon concludes the poetry competition between Menalcas and Damoetas by saying that he cannot choose between them, a judgment that is emblematic of the contest between Neo-Latin and vernacular poetry in Renaissance France. Both forms of poetry draw on similar roots, both are equally accomplished, and the contest between them is largely amicable. The Judgment of Palaemon illustrates the almost symbiotic relationship between Renaissance Latin and French poetry, while exploring poets' motivation for choosing one language over another, the different challenges each form of writing involved, and the extent of the collaboration between different language communities. It focuses on some of the major writers of the period, as well as less well known ones, and on genres specific to humanist poetry. It shows that composing in Latin was often considered more natural, at a time when many Frenchmen's mother tongue was a non-standard French dialect or distinct language.
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• Introduction What is an Author? Partbooks, Choirbooks, and Beyond The Cultures of Print From Mass to Chanson
• 1. The World of Books Anthologies and Anonymes The Names of Authors
• 2. Music Books and Their Authors Editors and Craftsmen Choirbooks, Masses, and Fame The Real Stories Behind Single-Composer Choirbooks
• 3. Authors of Lyric The Parisian Chanson and Composers as "Auteurs" The Lyric Economy at Mid-Century
• 4. The Book of Poetry becomes a Book of Music Settings of Ronsard's Poetry, 1550-1570 Les Amours de P. de Ronsard Mises en Musique A Culture of Music Books Books and Bibliotheques
• 5. Resisting the Press: Performance.
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What does it mean to author a piece of music? What transforms the performance scripts written down by musicians into authored books? In this fascinating cultural history of Western music's adaptation to print, Kate van Orden looks at how musical authorship first developed through the medium of printing. When music printing began in the sixteenth century, publication did not always involve the composer: printers used the names of famous composers to market books that might include little or none of their music. Publishing sacred music could be career-building for a composer, while some types of popular song proved too light to support a reputation in print, no matter how quickly they sold. Van Orden addresses the complexities that arose for music and musicians in the burgeoning cultures of print, concluding that authoring books of polyphony gained only uneven cultural traction across a century in which composers were still first and foremost performers.
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• Front Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Illustrations; Acknowledgments; Introduction;
• 1: Widowhood;
• 2: Doña Marina Gutiérrez Flores de la Caballería Takes the Reins;
• 3: Doña Luisa de Estrada Challenges Escheatment of Her Encomiendas;
• 4: Doña Francisca de Estrada Outwits a Royal Official;
• 5: Doña Beatriz de Estrada Chooses Prayer;
• 6: Doña María de Sosa Presents Her Case to the Crown;
• 7: A Family of Widows in Perspective; Abbreviations Used in the Notes and References; Notes; Glossary; Bibliography; Index; Back Cover.

Three generations of women in one family are the characters in this intimate historical study of what it meant to be a widow in sixteenth-century Mexico City. Shirley Cushing Flint has used archival research to tell the stories of five women in the Estrada family-a mother, three daughters and a granddaughter-from the time of the Spanish conquest of Mexico in 1520 until the 1580s. Each was once married and when widowed chose not to remarry. Their stories illustrate the constraints placed upon them both as women and as widows by the religious, secular and legal cultures of the time and how each refused to be bound by those constraints. Money, influence, knowledge and connections all come into play as the widows manoeuvre to hold onto property. Each of their stories illustrates an aspect of Spanish life in the New World that has heretofore been largely overlooked.
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• Frontmatter
• Contents
• Figures and Tables
• Preface
• A Note on Money
• A Note on Transcriptions
• Introduction
• 1. The Social World
• 2. The Economic World
• 3. The Musical World
• 4. Last Years, Death, and the End of the Line
• Conclusion
• A. Chronology
• B. Letters from Jacopo Peri
• C. Catalogue of Peri's musical works
• D. Four poems concerning Jacopo Peri
• Works Cited
• Index.

This record of Florentine musician Jacopo Peri' s wide-ranging investments and activities in the marketplace enables the first detailed account of the Florentine economy in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, and opens a completely new perspective on one of Europe' s principal centers of capitalism.
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The Florentine musician Jacopo Peri (1561-1633) is known as the composer of the first operas--they include the earliest to survive complete, Euridice (1600), in which Peri sang the role of Orpheus. A large collection of recently discovered account books belonging to him and his family allows for a greater exploration of Peri's professional and personal life. Richard Goldthwaite, an economic historian, and Tim Carter, a musicologist, have done much more, however, than write a biography: their investigation exposes the remarkable value of such financial documents as a primary source for an entire period. This record of Peri's wide-ranging investments and activities in the marketplace enables the first detailed account of the Florentine economy in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, and also opens a completely new perspective on one of Europe's principal centers of capitalism. His economic circumstances reflect continuities and transformations in Florentine society, and the strategies for negotiating them, under the Medici grand dukes. At the same time they allow a reevaluation of Peri the singer and composer that elucidates the cultural life of a major artistic center even in changing times, providing a quite different view of what it meant to be a musician in late Renaissance Italy.
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• Acknowledgements Introduction
• 1. Johannes Reuchlin - Historical Perspective
• 2. Reuchlin and His Study of the Law
• 3. Reuchlin - A Search For Salvation
• 4. The Reuchlin `Affair' Unfolds
• 5. The Reuchlin `Affair' Goes Public
• 6. Reuchlin - The Cabbalist
• 7. Reuchlin - An Intellectual of His Time
• 8. The Reuchlin `Affair' - A Debate Without End
• 9. Note on the Translated Text
• 10. Augenspiegel - Translation and Annotations
• List of Abbreviations Bibliography Index.
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This book is the first complete and thoroughly commented English translation of Johannes Reuchlin's Augenspiegel (1511). The translation sheds light on the author's motive in appealing to the authorities for the preservation of Jewish books at a stage of great cultural change in Early Modern Europe. It also addresses the question of how the church and state dealt intellectually with Judaism at a time when it was considered a threat to the existence of Christianity. The translation of one of the most politically controversial sixteenth century pamphlets provides a view of the treatment of a minority's culture with perhaps lessons for today's world.
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• Acknowledgments Contributors List of Illustrations Introduction Part I. Small Cities in Context
• Chapter 1: Pablo Sanchez Leon European Provincial Towns: Demographic and Institutional Trends in Regional Networks, 1400-1600 Part II. Printing and the Book Trade in Small European Cities
• Chapter 2: Falk Eisermann A Golden Age? Monastic Printing Houses in the Fifteenth Century
• Chapter 3: Paul F. Gehl Advertising or Fama? Local Markets for Schoolbooks in Sixteenth-Century Italy
• Chapter 4: John Hinks The Book Trade in Early Modern Britain: Centres, Peripheries and Networks
• Chapter 5: Ian Maxted Impressorie Arte: The Impact of Printing in Exeter and Devon
• Chapter 6: Hubert Meeus Printing in the Shadow of a Metropolis
• Chapter 7: Istvan Monok Towns and Book Culture in Hungary at the End of the Fifteenth Century and During the Sixteenth Century
• Chapter 8: Giancarlo Petrella Ippolito Ferrarese, a Traveling `Cerretano' and Publisher in Sixteenth-Century Italy
• Chapter 9: Wolfgang Undorf Print and Book Culture in the Danish Town of Odense
• Chapter 10: Malcolm Walsby Printer Mobility in Sixteenth-Century France Part III. Printing and the Book Trade in Small Spanish Cities
• Chapter 11: Natalia Maillard Alvarez and Rafael M. Perez Garcia Printing Presses in Antequera in the Sixteenth Century
• Chapter 12: Jaime Moll The Liturgical Books Published by Pedro de Castro, Bishop of Cuenca (1554-1561)
• Chapter 13: Jose Manuel Pedraza Gracia Minor Printing Offices in Fifteenth and Sixteenth-Century Aragon: Hijar, Huesca and Epila
• Chapter 14: Manuel Pena Diaz Barcelona: Printers, Booksellers and Local Markets in the Sixteenth Century
• Chapter 15: Fermin de los Reyes and Marta M. Nadales The Book in Segovia in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries: Accident, Chance, Necessity?
• Chapter 16: Benito Rial Costas Santiago de Compostela: A Case Study of Bookselling in Peripheries
• Chapter 17: Anastasio Rojo Vega From Europe to Finisterre: A Caravan of Books to Galicia (1595).
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Despite the fact that, if only by number, small and peripheral cities played an important role in fifteenth and sixteenth-century European print culture, book history has mainly been dominated by monographs on individual big book centres. Through a number of specific case studies, which deploy a variety of methods and a wide range of sources, this volume seeks to enhance our understanding of printing and the book trade in small and peripheral European cities in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and to emphasize the necessity of new research for the study of print culture in such cities.
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• Agnès Sorel: the first official royal mistress
• Anne of Brittany: the limits and prospects of a queen
• The women of the court of Francis I: wives and mistresses, sister and mother
• Diane de Poitiers: an idealized mistress
• Catherine de Medici: king in all but name
• Marguerite de Valois: scandalous queen, femme savante
• Gabrielle d'Estrées: nearly a queen.

This book tells the history of the French Renaissance through the lives of its most prominent queens and mistresses, beginning with Agnes Sorel, the first officially recognized royal mistress in 1444; including Anne of Brittany, Catherine de Medici, Anne Pisseleu, Diane de Poitiers, and Marguerite de Valois, among others; and concluding with Gabrielle d'Estrees, Henry IV's powerful mistress during the 1590s. Wellman shows that women in both roles-queen and mistress-enjoyed great influence over French politics and culture, not to mention over the powerful men with whom they were involved. The book also addresses the enduring mythology surrounding these women, relating captivating tales that uncover much about Renaissance modes of argument, symbols, and values, as well as our own modern preoccupations.
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• Contributors Acknowledgements List of Figures and Tables Introduction PART ONE: TRANSLATION AND EARLY PRINT The Role of Translations and Translators in the Production of English Incunabula Brenda M. Hosington Lydgate's Fall of Princes: Translation, Re-Translation and History A.S.G. Edwards Reading Juan de Flores's Grisel y Mirabella in Early Modern England Joyce Boro PART TWO: TRANSLATION, FICTION AND PRINT Learning Style from the Spaniards in Sixteenth-Century England Barry Taylor Print, Paratext, and a Seventeenth Century Sammelband: Boccaccio's Ninfale Fiesolano in English Translation Guyda Armstrong PART THREE: INSTRUCTION THROUGH TRANSLATION Versifying Philosophy: Thomas Blundeville's Plutarch Robert Cummings War, What is it good for? Sixteenth-Century English Translations of Ancient Roman Texts on Warfare Fred Schurink Cato in England: Translating Latin Sayings for Moral and Linguistic Instruction Demmy Verbeke PART FOUR: SHAPING MIND AND NATION THROUGH TRANSLATION John Hester's Translations of Leonardo Fioravanti: The Literary Career of a London Distiller Isabelle Pantin "For the Common Good and for the National Interest:" Paratexts in English Translations of Navigational Works 185 Susanna De Schepper Henry Hexham (c.1585-1650), English Soldier, Author, Translator, Lexicographer, and Cultural Mediator in the Low Countries Paul Hoftijzer "Newes Lately Come": European News Books in English Translation S.K. Barker Index.
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In Renaissance Cultural Crossroads: Translation, Print and Culture in Britain, 1473-1640, twelve scholars assemble the latest interdisciplinary research in the fields of translation and print in Britain and appraise for the first time the connection between the two. The section Translation and Early Print discusses how translation shaped the beginnings of British book production. 'Translation, Fiction and Print' examines some Italian and Spanish literary translations and their paratexts. Instruction through Translation demonstrates how translators established an international fund of knowledge. Shaping Mind and Nation through Translation focusses on translations specifically disseminating knowledge of medicine, navigation, military matters, and news. The volume constitutes a timely contribution to the ever-expanding fields of translation studies and print history but is also relevant to cultural, social and intellectual history.
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• Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments Part I.Myths of Power One - Titian, Philip II, and Pagan Iconography Anne J. Cruz Two - Visual Eroticism, Poetic Voyeurism: Ekphrasis and the Complexities of Patronage in Gongora's Fabula de Polifemo y Galatea Lucia Binotti Three - Hercules and the Statue Garden: Sanson Carrasco's Ekphrastic and Imperial Contests in Don Quijote II.14 Frederick A. de Armas Four - The Legend of Marus Curtius Romanus as a Sign of auctoritas in Early Modern Spain Ignacio Lopez Alemany Part II.Challenges for Power Five - Coins, Value and Trust: The Problematic of Vellon in Seventeenth-Century Spanish Culture Elvira Vilches Six - Tampering with Signs of Power: Juan de Palafox, Historiography, and the Limits of Heraldry John Slater Seven - Antonio Perez and the Power of Treason Ana Maria G. Laguna Eight - Ius gentium and Just War: The Problem of Representation in Inca Garcilaso's Royal Commentaries Jose A. Cardenas Bunsen Nine - The Politics of Salvation in El Greco's Escorial Paintings and Cervantes's La Numancia E. C. Graf Ten - Spain Succored by Religion: Titian and Lope de Vega's La Dragontea Jason McCloskey Bibliography Index About the Contributors.
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Signs of Power in Habsburg Spain and the New World explores the representation of political, economic, military, religious, and juridical power in texts and artifacts from early modern Spain and her American viceroyalties. In addition to analyzing the dynamics of power in written texts, chapters also examine pieces of material culture including coats of arms, coins, paintings and engravings. As the essays demonstrate, many of these objects work to transform the amorphous concept of power into a material reality with considerable symbolic dimensions subject to, and dependent on, interpretation. With its broad approach to the discourses of power, Signs of Power brings together studies of both canonical literary works as well as more obscure texts and objects. The position of the works studied with respect to the official center of power also varies. Whereas certain essays focus on the ways in which portrayals of power champion the aspirations of the Spanish Crown, other essays attend to voices of dissent that effectively call into question that authority.
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• Abbreviations
• Maps Acknowledgments
• Introduction
• Chapter 1: Birth of a Christian Hebrew Reading Public
• Chapter 2: Hebraist Authors and their Supporters: Centers, Peripheries, and the Growth of an Academic Hebrew Culture
• Chapter 3: Hebraist Authors and the Mediation of Jewish Scholarship
• Chapter 4: Judaica Libraries: Imagined and Real
• Chapter 5: The Christian Hebrew Book Market: Printers and Booksellers
• Chapter 6: Press Controls and the Hebraist Discourse in Reformation Europe
• Conclusion
• Appendix 1: Christian Hebrew Authors, 1501-1660
• Appendix 2: Christian Hebrew Printers and Publishers, 1501-1660
• Appendix 3: Christian Hebrew Book Production: Typesetting and Type Bibliography.
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Christian Hebraism in early modern Europe has traditionally been interpreted as the pursuit of a few exceptional scholars, but in the sixteenth century it became an intellectual movement involving hundreds of authors and printers and thousands of readers. The Reformation transformed Christian Hebrew scholarship into an academic discipline, supported by both Catholics and Protestants. This book places Christian Hebraism in a larger context by discussing authors and their books as mediators of Jewish learning, printers and booksellers as its transmitters, and the impact of press controls in shaping the public discussion of Hebrew and Jewish texts. Both Jews and Jewish converts played an important role in creating this new and unprecedented form of Jewish learning.
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• Fugger ("von der Lilie") Genealogy : Fifteenth to Seventeenth Centuries
• The Fugger Family in Late Medieval Augsburg
• Jakob Fugger the Rich : The Making of an Enterprise, 1485-1525
• Anton Fugger, the House of Habsburg, and the European World Economy, 1525-1560
• Decline or Reorientation? The Fugger Firms, 1560-1650
• Servants and Masters : The Personnel of the Fugger Companies
• Patronage and Self-Display
• The Fuggers in Sixteenth-Century Urban Society
• Citizens and Noblemen : Investment Strategies, Career Patterns, and Lifestyles.

As the wealthiest German merchant family of the sixteenth century, the Fuggers have attracted wide scholarly attention. In contrast to the other famous merchant family of the period, the Medici of Florence, however, no English-language work on them has been available until now. The Fuggers of Augsburg offers a concise and engaging overview that builds on the latest scholarly literature and the author's own work on sixteenth-century merchant capitalism. Mark Haberlein traces the history of the family from the weaver Hans Fugger's immigration to the imperial city of Augsburg in 1367 to the end of the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Because the Fuggers' extensive business activities involved long-distance trade, mining, state finance, and overseas ventures, the family exemplifies the meanings of globalisation at the beginning of the modern age. The book also covers the political, social, and cultural roles of the Fuggers: their patronage of Renaissance artists, the founding of the largest social housing project of its time, their support of Catholicism in a city that largely turned Protestant during the Reformation, and their rise from urban merchants to imperial counts and feudal lords. Haberlein argues that the Fuggers organised their social rise in a way that allowed them to be merchants and feudal landholders, burghers and noblemen at the same time. Their story therefore provides a window on social mobility, cultural patronage, religion, and values during the Renaissance and the Reformation.
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• The treasures of the Papal Pardon Office
• Marriage law in the supplications
• Stories from the Roman supplications
• Marriage processes at German courts
• Conclusion.

In the first detailed study of papal penitentiary materials on marriage, renowned medieval historian Ludwig Schmugge tells the exciting stories of seduced maidens, too-closely-related husbands and wives, and thousands of couples who faced lawsuits-all of whom had transgressed marriage law on various grounds in the Middle Ages. This work vividly describes many of the individual cases and offers new insight into the social and legal pressures on marriage in the Middle Ages. At a time when betrothal, marriage, and sexual morals were strictly subject to the church's law, petitions from couples abounded. More than two hundred clerics of the penitentiary in the papal curia devoted their time and attention to these petitions alone. With exceptional thoroughness, Schmugge sifted through the thick volumes of registers in the Vatican Secret Archives for his research. Here he presents the exciting, almost unbelievable, and often scandalous fates of these late medieval men and women, while highlighting the important connection between the papal monarchy and the social history of the laity in the later Middle Ages.
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• Frontmatter
• Contents
• Introduction
• Chapter one A Secret Legacy
• Chapter two My Father's House
• Chapter three The Patriarch
• Chapter four The Middle Is Best
• Chapter five A Holy Household
• Chapter six As If We Had Never Been
• Chapter seven Spare No Quill, Ink, or Paper
• Chapter eight A New World
• Conclusion
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Acknowledgments
• Index.

Paper Memory tells of one man's mission to preserve for posterity the memory of everyday life in sixteenth-century Germany. Lundin takes us inside the mind of an undistinguished German burgher, Hermann Weinsberg, whose early-modern writings sought to make sense of changes that were unsettling the foundations of his world.
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Paper Memory tells the story of one man's mission to preserve for posterity the memory of everyday life in sixteenth-century Germany. Matthew Lundin takes us inside the mind of an undistinguished German burgher named Hermann Weinsberg, whose personal writings allow us to witness firsthand the great transformations of early modernity: the crisis of the Reformation, the rise of an urban middle class, and the information explosion of the print revolution. This sensitive, faithful portrait reveals a man who sought to make sense of the changes that were unsettling the foundations of his world. Weinsberg's decision to undertake the monumental task of documenting his life was astonishing, since he was neither prince nor bishop, but a Catholic lawyer from Cologne with no special claim to fame or fortune. Although he knew that his contemporaries would consider his work vain and foolish, he dutifully recorded the details of his existence, from descriptions of favorite meals to catalogs of his sleeping habits, from the gossip of quarreling neighbors to confessions of his private hopes, fears, and beliefs. More than fifty years-and thousands of pages-later, Weinsberg conferred his Gedenkbuch, or Memory Book, to his descendants, charging them to ensure its safekeeping, for without his careful chronicle, "it would be as if we had never been." Desperate to save his past from oblivion, Weinsberg hoped to write himself into the historical record. Paper Memory rescues this not-so-ordinary man from obscurity, as Lundin's perceptive and graceful prose recovers his extraordinary story.
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• Setting the scene
• In medias res: a literary agent in Frankfurt, 1606-1615
• Authors, fields, and genres
• Labor, impensa, emolumentum: the publisher of learned books
• Controlling the market: temporal and ecclesiastical authorities
• Sellers and purchasers: markets, distribution and collection-building
• The rise and fall of the learned book market, 1560-1630
• Postscript: then and now.

A decade ago in the Times Literary Supplement, Roderick Conway Morris claimed that "almost everything that was going to happen in book publishing-from pocket books, instant books and pirated books, to the concept of author's copyright, company mergers, and remainders-occurred during the early days of printing." Ian Maclean's colorful survey of the flourishing learned book trade of the late Renaissance brings this assertion to life. The story he tells covers most of Europe, with Frankfurt and its Fair as the hub of intellectual exchanges among scholars and of commercial dealings among publishers. The three major religious confessions jostled for position there, and this rivalry affected nearly all aspects of learning. Few scholars were exempt from religious or financial pressures. Maclean's chosen example is the literary agent and representative of international Calvinism, Melchior Goldast von Haiminsfeld, whose activities included opportunistic involvement in the political disputes of the day. Maclean surveys the predicament of underfunded authors, the activities of greedy publishing entrepreneurs, the fitful interventions of regimes of censorship and licensing, and the struggles faced by sellers and buyers to achieve their ends in an increasingly overheated market. The story ends with an account of the dramatic decline of the scholarly book trade in the 1620s, and the connivance of humanist scholars in the values of the commercial world through which they aspired to international recognition. Their fate invites comparison with today's writers of learned books, as they too come to terms with new technologies and changing academic environments.
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This study of the learned book trade of the late Renaissance reveals how many features of today's publishing world were in place even then. Beginning in Frankfurt, Maclean surveys the authors, publishers, censors, and sellers who operated in this fraught religious atmosphere and overheated market, and ends with the market's decline in the 1620s.
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• Introduction: State of the field
• Hideyoshi restores glory to the palace
• Go-Yōzei's imperial imperative as cultural arbiter
• Tokugawa shoguns and patronage for the throne
• Go-Mizunoo's ritual and cultural agenda
• Art and architecture for Empress Tōfukumon'in
• Paintings of the imperial excursion to Nijō Castle
• Emperor and empress as patrons of Kyoto culture
• Visual documents of the emperor-warlord relationship
• Closing comments
• Appendices:
• 1. Emperors and reigning empresses
• 2. Members of the imperial family
• 3. Imperial palace documents, buildings, and panel paintings
• 4. List of Chinese characters.

Magnificent art and architecture created for the emperor with the financial support of powerful warlords at the beginning of Japan's early modern era (1580s-1680s) testify to the continued cultural and ideological significance of the imperial family. Works created in this context are discussed in this groundbreaking study, with over 100 illustrations in color.
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• List of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Introduction
• PART I: HUMANIST LETTER WRITING BEFORE
• 1550: VARIOUS APPROACHES Der neulateinische Bief als Quelle politisch-religioeser UEberzeugungen: Theoretische Reflexionen zur Diskursivitat
• einer ambivalenten Gattung, Karl Enenkel Spiritual Dialogues and Politics in the Correspondance between Marguerite de Navarre and Guillaume
• Briconnet (1521-1524), Reinier Leushuis Erasmus and the Philological Study of the New Testament, Chris L. Heesakkers Juan Luis Vives and the Spectre of the Inquisition, Charles Fantazzi Correspondance et strategie d'auteur: les lettres de Francois Rabelais, Paul J. Smith
• PART II: HUMANIST LETTERS AS A MIRROR OF THE REFORMATION Translation in the Service of Politics and Religion: A Family Tradition for Thomas More, Margaret Roper, and Mary
• Clarke Basset, Brenda M. Hosington The Influence of the Protestant Reformation on Philip Melanchthon's Letters of Recommendation, Milton
• Kooistra Georgius Cassander: Searching for Religious Peace in his Correspondence (1557-1565), Rob van de Schoor Carolus Utenhovius: a Tale of Two Cities, Philip Ford Andreas Dudith (1533-1589): Conflicts and Strategies of a Religious Individualist in Confessionalising Europe, Gabor Almasi Livres, erudition et irenisme a l'epoque des Guerres de religion: Autour de la Satyre Menippee, Ingrid De
• Smet Topical Matters in Dedicatory Letters of Latin Plays in the Early Modern Netherlands, Jan Bloemendal
• PART III: LEARNED LETTER WRITERS IN THE NETHERLANDS AS WITNESSES OF THE DUTCH REVOLT Between Philip II and William of Orange: the correspondence of Christopher Plantin (c. 1520-1589), Dirk Imhof New Documents on Benito Arias Montano (1527-1598) and Politics in the Netherlands, Antonio Davila Perez Humanist Friendship, Politics and Religion in Marnix's Correspondence just before the Fall of Antwerp: Inconstancy or Constancy?, Rudolf De Smet Living to the Letter: The Correspondence of Dirck Volckertsz. Coornhert, Johan Koppenol Pius Lipsius or Lipsius Proteus? , Jeanine De Landtsheer
• PART IV: VICISSITUDES OF LATE HUMANISM Shifting Orthodoxy in the Republic of Letters: Caspar Schoppius mirroring Justus Lipsius, Jan Papy The Limits of Transconfessional Contact in the Republic of Letters around
• 1600: Scaliger, Casaubon, and their
• Catholic Correspondents, Dirk van Miert Between Scylla and Charybdis? Evidence on the Conversion of Christoph Besold from his Letters and his Legal and Political Thought, Robert von Friedeburg Franciscus Junius, F.F.: la question religieuse, Colette Nativel Breasting the Waves: Grotius' Letters on Church and State, Harm-Jan van Dam At the Heart of the Twelve Years' Truce Controversies: Conrad Vorstius, Gerard Vossius and Hugo Grotius, Cor S.M. Rademaker A Flaming Row in the Republic of Letters: Claude Saumaise on Hugo Grotius's Crusade for Church Unity, Henk Nellen Public Poses Revealed: From Critical Edition to Revision, Jim Dobreff Index Nominum.
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Early Modern letter-writing was often the only way to maintain regular and meaningful contact. Scholars, politicians, printers, and artists wrote to share private or professional news, to test new ideas, to support their friends, or pursue personal interests. Epistolary exchanges thus provide a private lens onto major political, religious, and scholarly events. Sixteenth century's reform movements created a sense of disorder, if not outright clashes and civil war. Scholars could not shy away from these tensions. The private sphere of letter-writing allowed them to express, or allude to, the conflicts of interest which arose from their studies, social status, and religious beliefs. Scholarly correspondences thus constitute an unparalleled source on the interrelation between broad historical developments and the convictions of a particularly expressive group of individuals.
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• Part 1 Acknowledements
• Part 2 Maps
• Part 3 Abbreviations
• Part 4 Introduction:A Different Take
• Chapter 5
• Chapter 1 Seeking to Live "Without a Note of Infamy": 1650-1679
• Chapter 6
• Chapter 2 A Confessionally Distinct Population: The Pre-Revocation Years, 1650-1684
• Chapter 7 Chapter 3They will form a cabal against us:The Experience of the Revocation
• Chapter 8
• Chapter 4 As If They Were Living in Geneva: Ongoing Challenges of Enforcing Catholic Conformity
• Chapter 9
• Chapter 5 So What About Confessionalization?:The Degree of Persistence of Confessionally Distinct Behaviors, 1690-1715
• Part 10 Conclusion:Beyond Belief
• Part 11 Secondary Sources
• Part 12 Primary Sources
• Part 13 Appendix A
• Part 14 Index.
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Beyond Belief: Surviving the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in France examines the degree to which the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes was a negotiated event-which called upon individuals and communities to find ways to coexist without abandoning the faith of their fathers-and at the same time illuminates the limits of the absolutist state whose policies were not always supported by officials on the regional and local level.
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• Beyond expulsion : a paradigm shift
• The superiority of the city of Strasbourg : the city and its reformation
• Without trees, the fire will be extinguished : reinventing Jewish life in the rural sphere
• Shared spaces : social interactions in the countryside
• Creating Jewish space in the Christian city : the Jews and Strasbourg's markets
• As is also apparent in the old chronicles and history books : magisterial laws, confession building, and Reformation era tolerance
• I listened to the account of a Jew : Christian Hebraism in Strasbourg
• Constructing Jewish memory : self-texts, the Reformation, and narratives of Jewish history
• Becoming French : Alsatian Jews in the wake of confession building.

Beyond Expulsion is a history of Jewish-Christian interactions in early modern Strasbourg, a city from which the Jews had been expelled and banned from residence in the late fourteenth century. This study shows that the Jews who remained in the Alsatian countryside continued to maintain relationships with the city and its residents in the ensuing period. During most of the sixteenth century, Jews entered Strasbourg on a daily basis, where they participated in the city's markets, litigated in its courts, and shared their knowledge of Hebrew and Judaica with Protestant Reformers. By the end of the sixteenth century, Strasbourg became an increasingly orthodox Lutheran city, and city magistrates and religious leaders sought to curtail contact between Jews and Christians. This book unearths the active Jewish participation in early modern society, traces the impact of the Reformation on local Jews, discusses the meaning of tolerance, and describes the shifting boundaries that divided Jewish and Christian communities.
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• Contents: The spaces of nobility, Matthew P. Romaniello and Charles Lipp-- The early modern nobility and its contested historiographies, c.1950-1980, Hamish Scott-- Negotiating for Agnes's womb, Erica Bastress-Dukehart-- Contested masculinity: noblemen and their mistresses in early modern Spain, Grace E. Coolidge-- Inventing the courtier in early 16th-century Portugal, Susannah Humble Ferreira-- Sepulchral monuments as a means of communicating social and political power of nobles in early modern Russia, Cornelia Soldat-- Il monastero nuovo: cloistered women of the Medici court, Katherine L. Turner-- The question of the imprescriptibility of nobility in early modern France, Elie Haddad-- All the king's men: educational reform and nobility in early 17th-century Spain, Ryan Gaston-- 'Of polish'd pillars or a roofe of gold': authority and affluence in the English country-house poem, Sukanya Dasgupta-- Nobility as a social and political dialogue: the Parisian example, 1650-1750, Mathieu Marraud-- Challenging the status quo: attempts to modernize the Polish nobility in the later 18th century, Jerzy Lukowski-- Resilient notables: looking at the transformation of the Ottoman empire from the local level, M. Safa Saracoglu-- Index.
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In recent years scholars have increasingly challenged and reassessed the once established concept of the 'crisis of the nobility' in early-modern Europe. Offering a range of case studies from countries across Europe this collection further expands our understanding of just how the nobility adapted to the rapidly changing social, political, religious and cultural circumstances around them. By allowing readers to compare and contrast a variety of case studies across a range of national and disciplinary boundaries, a fuller - if more complex - picture emerges of the strategies and actions employed by nobles to retain their influence and wealth. The nobility exploited Renaissance science and education, disruptions caused by war and religious strife, changing political ideas and concepts, the growth of a market economy, and the evolution of centralized states in order to maintain their lineage, reputation, and position. Through an examination of the differing strategies utilized to protect their status, this collection reveals much about the fundamental role of the 'second order' in European history and how they had to redefine the social and cultural 'spaces' in which they found themselves. By using a transnational and comparative approach to the study of the European nobility, the volume offers exciting new perspectives on this important, if often misunderstood, social group.
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• Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; List of Illustrations; Preface and Acknowledgments; Introduction; I: Copernicus's Space of Possibilities; II: Confessional and Interconfessional Spaces of Prophecy and Prognostication; III: Accommodating Unanticipated, Singular Novelties; IV: Securing the Divine Plan; V: Conflicted Modernizers at the Turn of the Century; VI: The Modernizers, Recurrent Novelties, and Celestial Order; Conclusion: The Great Controversy; Notes; Bibliography; Index.

In 1543, Nicolaus Copernicus publicly defended his hypothesis that the earth is a planet and the sun a body resting near the center of a finite universe. But why did Copernicus make this bold proposal? And why did it matter? "The Copernican Question" reframes this pivotal moment in the history of science, centering the story on a conflict over the credibility of astrology that erupted in Italy just as Copernicus arrived in 1496. Copernicus engendered enormous resistance when he sought to protect astrology by reconstituting its astronomical foundations. Robert S. Westman shows that efforts to answer the astrological skeptics became a crucial unifying theme of the early modern scientific movement. His interpretation of this 'long sixteenth century', from the 1490s to the 1610s, offers a new framework for understanding the great transformations in natural philosophy in the century that followed.
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• Contents: Introduction-- Sex and gender-- Social station-- Foreigners-- Religion-- 'An vnder black dublett signifying a Spanish hart': costumes and politics in Middleton's A Game at Chess-- Works cited-- Index.
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Although scholars have long considered the material conditions surrounding the production of early modern drama, until now, no book-length examination has sought to explain what was worn on the period's stages and, more importantly, how articles of apparel were understood when seen by contemporary audiences. Robert Lublin's new study considers royal proclamations, religious writings, paintings, woodcuts, plays, historical accounts, sermons, and legal documents to investigate what Shakespearean actors actually wore in production and what cultural information those costumes conveyed. Four of the chapters of Costuming the Shakespearean Stage address 'categories of seeing': visually based semiotic systems according to which costumes constructed and conveyed information on the early modern stage. The four categories include gender, social station, nationality, and religion. The fifth chapter examines one play, Thomas Middleton's A Game at Chess, to show how costumes signified across the categories of seeing to establish a play's distinctive semiotics and visual aesthetic.
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• Contents: Introduction: women, religious communities, intertextual prose genres, and textual production, Micheline White-- Part I Women and Religious Communities: Living stones: Lady Elizabeth Russell and the art of sacred conversation, Patricia Phillippy-- 'Theise dearest offrings of my heart': the sacrifice of praise in Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke's Psalmes, Mary Trull-- Anne Dacre Howard, Countess of Arundel, and Catholic patronage, Susannah Brietz Monta-- 'Ensigne-bearers of Saint Clare': Elizabeth Evelinge's early translations of the restoration of English Franciscanism, Jaime Goodrich-- Lady Anne Clifford and the uses of Christian warfare, Julie Crawford. Part II Reading Intertextual Prose Genres: Prospecting for common ground in devotion: Queen Katherine Parr's personal prayerbook, Janel Mueller-- 'Halff a scrypture woman': heteroglossia and female authorial agency in prayers by Lady Elizabeth Tyrwhit, Anne Lock, and Anne Wheathill, Susan M. Felch-- Authority, scripture, and typography in Lady Grace Mildmay's manuscript meditations, Kate Narveson-- Lady Margaret Beaufort's translations as mirrors of practical piety, Brenda M. Hosington-- 'Neither bitterly nor brablingly': Lady Anne Cooke Bacon's translation of Bishop Jewel's Apologia Ecclesiae Anglicanae, Patricia Demers-- Works cited-- Index.
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Contributing to the growing interest in early modern women and religion, this essay collection advances scholarship by introducing readers to recently recovered or little-studied texts and by offering new paradigms for the analysis of women's religious literary activities. Contributors underscore the fact that women had complex, multi-dimensional relationships to the religio-political order, acting as activists for specific causes but also departing from confessional norms in creative ways and engaging in intra-as well as extra-confessional conflict. The volume thus includes essays that reflect on the complex dynamics of religious culture itself and that illuminate the importance of women's engagement with Catholicism throughout the period. The collection also highlights the vitality of neglected intertextual genres such as prayers, meditations, and translations, and it focuses attention on diverse forms of textual production such as literary writing, patronage, epistolary exchanges, public reading, and epitaphs. Collectively, English Women, Religion, and Textual Production, 1500-1625 offers a comprehensive treatment of the historical, literary, and methodological issues preoccupying scholars of women and religious writing.
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• AcknowledgmentsIntroductionPart I: Fabulous Texts1. Fabulous Romance and Abortive Reform in Philip Sidney and Edmund Spenser2. Saint or Martyr? Reforming the Romance Heroine in the New Arcadia and PericlesPart II: Superstitious Readers3. Glozing Phantastes in The Faerie Queene4. "Soundly washed" or Interpretively Redeemed? Labor and Reading in Lady Mary Wroth's UraniaCoda: Exceptional RomanceNotesBibliographyIndex.
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Romances were among the most popular books in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries among both Protestant and Catholic readers. Modeled after Catholic narratives, particularly the lives of saints, these works emphasized the supernatural and the marvelous, themes commonly associated with Catholicism. In this book, Tiffany Jo Werth investigates how post-Reformation English authors sought to discipline romance, appropriating its popularity while distilling its alleged Catholic taint. Charged with bewitching readers, especially women, into lust and heresy, romances sold briskly even as preachers and educators denounced them as papist. Protestant reformers, as part of their broader indictment of Catholicism, sought to redirect certain elements of the Christian tradition, including this notorious literary genre. Werth argues that through the writing and circulation of romances, Protestants repurposed their supernatural and otherworldly motifs in order to "fashion, " as Edmund Spenser wrote, godly "vertuous" readers. Through careful examinations of the period's most renowned romances-Sir Philip Sidney's The Countess of Pembrokes Arcadia, Spenser's The Faerie Queen, William Shakespeare's Pericles, and Lady Mary Wroth's Urania-Werth illustrates how post-Reformation writers struggled to transform the literary genre. As a result, the romance, long regarded as an archetypal form closely allied with generalized Christian motifs, emerged as a central tenet of the religious controversies that divided Renaissance England.
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• Contents: Introduction-- Between Reformation and reform: the Scottish universities, 1560-74-- Humanism and Calvinism: Melville's education, 1545-74-- The first foray into reform: Melville and the 'ancient' universities, 1574-84-- Reform and reaction at St Andrews, 1579-88-- The rise and fall of 'Melvillian' St Andrews, 1588-97-- The rise of 'the moderates' in St Andrews, 1597-1606-- 'Godly' humanism, civic control: Scotland's Protestant arts colleges, 1582-c.1606-- The Scottish universities post-Melville, c.1606-25-- Conclusion-- Appendix-- Bibliography-- Index.
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Across early-modern Europe the confessional struggles of the Reformation touched virtually every aspect of civic life; and nowhere was this more apparent than in the universities, the seedbed of political and ecclesiastical society. Focussing on events in Scotland, this book reveals how established universities found themselves at the centre of a struggle by competing forces trying to promote their own political, religious or educational beliefs, and under competition from new institutions. It surveys the transformation of Scotland's medieval and Catholic university system into a greatly-expanded Protestant one in the decades following the Scottish Reformation of 1560. Simultaneously the study assesses the contribution of the continentally-educated religious reformer Andrew Melville to this process in the context of broader European social and cultural developments - including growing lay interest in education (as a result of renaissance humanism), and the involvement of royal and civic government as well as the new Protestant Kirk in university expansion and reform. Through systematic use of largely neglected manuscript sources, the book offers fresh perspectives on both Andrew Melville and the development of Scottish higher education post-1560. As well as providing a detailed picture of events in Scotland, it contributes to our growing understanding of the role played by higher education in shaping society across Europe.
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• Literary Sites of the Human. Liminal Anthropology in Shakespeare's Plays / Aleida Assmann.
• The Space of the Human and the Place of the Poet: Excursions into English Topographical Poetry / Serena Olejniczak Lobsien.

• Religious Beings. Among the Fairies: Religion and the Anthropology of Ritual in Shakespeare / Brian Cummings.
• Golding's Metamorphoses, Shakespeare's Twelfth Night and Puritan Anthropology / Enno Ruge.

• Negotiating the Foreign. When Golden times convents: Shakespeare's Eastern Promise / Richard Wilson.
• "Cony Caught by Walking Mort": Indigenous Exoticism in the Literature of Roguery / Bettina Boecker.
• Renaissance Anthropologies of Security: Shipwreck, Barbary fear and the Meaning of 'Insurance' / Cornel Zwierlein.

• Human and Non-Human. Shakespeare's Public Animals / Paul Yachnin.
• "Fellow-brethren and compeers": Montaigne's Rapprochement Between Man and Animal / Markus Wild.
• Animal Art /Human Art: Imagined Borderlines in the Renaissance / Ulrich Pfisterer.

• Thinking the Human. "Now they're substances and men": The Masque of Lethe and the Recovery of Humankind / Tobias Döring.
• Shakespeare Ever After: Posthumanism and Shakespeare / Stefan Herbrechter.

Anthropology is a notoriously polysemous term. Within a continental European academic context, it is usually employed in the sense of philosophical anthropology, and mainly concerned with exploring concepts of a universal human nature. By contrast, Anglo-American scholarship almost exclusively associates anthropology with the investigation of cultural and ethnic differences (cultural anthropology). How these two main traditions (and their `derivations' such as literary anthropology, historical anthropology, ethnology, ethnography, intercultural studies) relate to each other is a matter of debate. Both, however, have their roots in the path-breaking changes that occurred within sixteenth and early seventeenth-century culture and scientific discourse. It was in fact during this period that the term anthropology first acquired the meanings on which its current usage is based. The Renaissance did not `invent' the human. But the period that gave rise to `humanism' witnessed an unprecedented diversification of the concept that was at its very core. The question of what defines the human became increasingly contested as new developments like the emergence of the natural sciences, religious pluralisation, as well as colonial expansion, were undermining old certainties. The proliferation of doctrines of the human in the early modern age bears out the assumption that anthropology is a discipline of crisis, seeking to establish sets of common values and discursive norms in situations when authority finds itself under pressure.
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• Acknowledgements List of illustrations Introduction: Hadrianus Junius and Northern Dutch Humanism, Dirk van Miert From Erasmus to Leiden: Hadrianus Junius and his Significance for the Development of Humanism in Holland in the Sixteenth Century, Chris Heesakkers Hadrianus Junius' Batavia and the Formation of a Historiographical Canon in Holland, Coen Maas Context, Conception and Content of Hadrianus Junius' Batavia, Nico de Glas Hadrianus Junius' Animadversa and his Methods of Scholarship, Dirk van Miert Junius' two editions of Martial's Epigrammata, Chris Heesakkers A Man of Eight Hearts: Hadrianus Junius and Sixteenth-Century Plurilinguism, Toon Van Hal Devices, Proverbs, Emblems: Hadrianus Junius' Emblemata in the Light of Erasmus' Adagia, Ari Wesseling Emblematic Authorization - Lusus Emblematum: the Function of Hadrianus Junius's Emblem Commentary and Early Commentaries on Alciato's Emblematum libellus, Karl Enenkel Epilogue: The Kaleidoscopic Scholarship of Hadrianus Junius, Dirk van Miert About the Contributors Index of Names.
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Hadrianus Junius (1511-1575) is generally regarded as the greatest humanist in the Northern Netherlands between the death of Erasmus in 1536 and the foundation of Leiden University in 1575. For both literary authors and professional philologists of the Golden Age, Junius remained the only significant point of reference on Dutch soil in the second and third quarters of the sixteenth century. As physician, lexicographer, historiographer, emblematist, poet, mycologist, chronologer and philologist, he was a prolific editor (and translator) of Latin and Greek texts. Yet we still know little about the kind of scholarship this stuttering polymath pursued, and about the connections between his numerous works. The chapters in this book analyse Junius' most important works, some of which have never been studied before. All chapters contextualise his works in light of the tradition of humanism so familiar to Junius.
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• Front Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Figures, Maps, and Tables; Introduction; People;
• 1: The Sobresalientes of the Coronado Expedition;
• 2: Some News about don Garci López de Cárdenas: A Native of Madrid in the Canyon of the Colorado;
• 3: Knowing How to Take Advantage of Realities and Searching for Chimeras: Cristóbal de Oñate in Contrast to the Expedition of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado to Tierra Nueva; Places;
• 4: When East Was West: The Oriental Aim of the Coronado Expedition;
• 5: Locating the Lost Coronado Garrisons of San Gerónimo I, II, and III.

• 6: Mats, Multiple Stories, and Terraces: Earliest Documentary Accounts of Indigenous Sonorans7: The Mystery of the "Port of Chichilticale";
• 8: Coronado Roadshows: In Search of the Coronado Trail;
• 9: The Coronado Exploration Program: A Narrative of the Search for the Captain General;
• 10: "Everywhere They Told Us He Had Been There": Evidence of the Vázquez de Coronado Entrada at the Ancestral Zuni Pueblo of Kechiba:wa, New Mexico;
• 11: Between Cíbola and Tiguex: A Vázquez de Coronado Presence at El Morro National Monument, New Mexico.

• 12: Thundersticks and Coats of Iron: Recent Discoveries at Piedras Marcadas Pueblo, New Mexico13: Moho and the Tiguex War;
• 14: Tangled Threads, Loose Ends, and Knotty Problems: The Place of Moho in Tiguex Archaeology, Geography, and History;
• 15: Ysopete's Tantrum, or New Light on the Coronado Expedition's Route to the Jimmy Owens Site; Portrayals;
• 16: The Tiguex War in Fact, Folklore, and Fiction;
• 17: Painting the Coronado Expedition; Afterword: Consensus; Glossary; References Cited; Contributors; Index; Back Cover.

Between 1539 and 1542, some two thousand people under Spanish leadership, mostly Indians from central and western Mexico, made an armed reconnaissance of a place they knew by the name Tierra Nueva, now the American Southwest. They intended to seize control of the people who lived there, in places called Cibola, Marata, Totonteac, Tiguex, Tusayan, and Quivira. The expedition eventually failed and most of those who survived returned to Nueva Espana disillusioned and heavily in debt. They left in their wake dislocation and destruction, and their disruptive presence set the stage for further friction when the Spaniards next entered the region. This book examines the environmental and cultural impact of the Coronado expedition while also placing it in the context of what was happening in Mexico as Spain expanded west and north of Mexico City. Including multidisciplinary studies by archaeologists, historians, and others, the volume gives a much fuller biographical account of the actual members of the expedition as well as a clearer understanding of how and where this large assemblage moved each day.
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