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• Section headings and selected papers: Plenary Papers. Contributions from the community IT programme (P. Corsi). Trend Analysis. Process trend analysis using wavelet-based de-noising (A. Bakhtazad et al.). Observers. Non-linear observer based method for fault detection and isolation (F. Armanet et al.). Detect unexpected changes of particle size distribution in paper-making white water systems (H. Wang). Applications. Observing the sugar-beet quality using process and signal analysing methods (A. Arenz et al.). Different Approaches. A generic fault propagation modeling approach to on-line diagnosis and event correlation (G.M. Stanley, R. Vaidhyanathan). Can chemical process industry benefit from analog electronics diagnosis methods? (P. Taillibert). Neural Networks. Fault detection in paper making (a neural network approach) (Y. Bissessur et al.). Statistics/Reconciliation. Univariate and multivariate process monitoring and improvement (A. King et al.). An industrial application of principal component test to fault detection and identification (H. Tong, D. Bluck). Qualitative. Automated interpretation of PCA-based process monitoring and fault diagnosis using signed digraphs (H. Vedam, V. Venkatasubramanian). Fault diagnosis expert system with probability calculations (D. Leung, J. Romagnoli). Supervision/Control/Alarm. Early detection of alarm situations using model predictions (B.C. Juricek et al.). Poster Papers. Suboptimal conditions for leakage detectability in pipelines (C. Verde, F. Ibinarriaga). Comparison of the performances of parametric estimation, time-frequency, wavelet and segmentation with detection of abrupt changes in non-destructive evaluation (S. Femman, N.K. M'Sirdi). New intrinsic runaway criteria and their application to the model-based on-line monitoring of continuous and discontinuous reactors (T. Obertopp et al.).
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The field of 'On-Line Fault Detection and Supervision in the Chemical Process Industries' is relatively young. Major activity in this area has taken place only in the last fifteen years. The goals of the first workshop in Delaware were to discuss various methodologies necessary for solving industrial problems in fault diagnosis/supervision and to encourage interactions between academia and industry. This workshop also focused on development and evaluation of methodologies for on-line fault detection and supervision in the chemical process industries. It addressed theory, application, validation, performance and evaluation of methodologies such as parameter estimation, observers, parity equations, signal analysis methods, classification, rule-based systems with probabilistic approaches, fuzzy logic and neural networks. There are several trends that make the topic of this workshop especially relevant in today's world. The first is the tremendous advances made in automation and information technology that can potentially bring in an ever-increasing amount of information on to computer screens in the operating room of a plant. Avoiding problems of information overload and converting plant data to 'on-line useful knowledge' is a key challenge. In some respects, one can draw parallels here to biological evolution where, over billions of years, human beings have evolved 'mental models' to interpret the huge amount of information received through their senses. In the absence of the time advantage that evolution has had, we have to rely on methodologies such as those presented in this workshop to provide assistance to operators and engineers in interpreting plant information. A second trend that makes this field relevant in today's world is the increasing emphasis on environment and safety. Community activism and accidents such as those in Bhopal, India have caused media spotlights to be turned on the smallest of toxic releases or loss of life due to chemical accidents. The negative publicity generated by such events as well as the need to maintain the image of an environmentally conscious company make industry more sensitive to the issues of early detection of faults. The third trend that makes this field very relevant is that of the globalization of the world economy. Increasing globalization of the chemical process industry puts pressure on economic competitiveness and higher productivity. This implies reduced down-time due to faults, quick and flexible response of production to supply and demand changes, increasing reliance on automation and reduced personnel.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• BOC Centenary Lecture 1992 Improving on Nature with Oxygen C J Wright. Combustion Processes Part I Oxygen Transfer in Fluidized Combustion: Basic Science and its Application in Industry J F Davidson Influence of Oxygen on Ignition and Combustion of Single Coal and Char Particles D Schwartz, R Gadiou and G Prado The Shell Coal Gasification Process: An Efficient Clean Technology for Generating Power from Coal J E Naber, P J A Tijm and M M G Senden. Combustion Processes
• Part 2 The Role of Oxygen in New Steelmaking Technologies at ILVA Taranto G Frederico C Liscio, G S Malgarini and S Innocenti Ironmaking and Steelmaking Developments M J Corbett and R B Smith The Future for Oxygen in Steel Production Jean Michard Round Table Discussion Transcription of Discussion, R W Field, Bath University Historical Session: From Pollution to Protection Where even the Birds Cough: the First British Cases of Large-Scale Atmospheric Pollution by the Chemical Industry on Merseyside and Clydeside in the early 19th Century P N Reed Removing Mountains: Industrial Waste and the Environment N G Coley An Inspector Calls: Legislation on Air Pollution in Britain and its Chemical Implementation L Gittins Death in the Pot: Adulteration of Food and its Chemical Detection W A Campbell Succes et Problemes Rencontres par les Produits Agrochimique D Demozay Modern Improvements Brought About by the Chemical Industry: The Direct Oxidation of Olefins - a Contribution to its History Fred Aftalion Taking the Waters: Chemistry and Domestic Water Supply in Victorian Britain C A Russell -The Priestley Lecture 1992 La Nucleosynthese Stellaire de l'Oxygene Hubert Reeves Transcript of Lecture by R Corns, Societe Chimie Industrielle, Paris, France Chemical Synthesis Reactor Engineering Aspects of Gas-Liquid Oxidation Processes J Breysse Electropox: BP's Novel Oxidation Technology T J Mazanec, T L Cable and J G Frye Jr New Approaches to Large-Scale Selective Oxidation Processes R Ramachandran Synthesis Gas Production by Convective Reforming J G Ellis and A D Maunder Wet Oxidation and Biological Processes Use of Oxygen in the Pulp and Paper Industry I Croon Uses of Hydrogen Peroxide in Oxidizing Processes J P Schirmann Physical Aspects of the Oxidation of Waste Water John M Smith.
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The proceedings of the 6th BOC Priestley Conference are outlined in this volume. The contributors discuss such topics as combustion processes, chemical synthesis, wet oxidation and biological processes, and explore how each particular issue involves the transfer of oxygen.
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• Oral Presentations. Invited Speakers. Session
• 1. Bulk Processing: Impact on Properties. Session
• 2. New Products: Thin Films, Nano, Amorphous. Session
• 3. Microstructures. Session
• 4. Corrosion. Session
• 5. Applications. Abstracts. Poster Presentations. Author Index. Subject Index.
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Copper was since ever the companion of the development of mankind. Notwithstanding this long history, copper as we know it today is a rather young material. Indeed, the discovery and use of electricity during the 19th century led to a repositioning of copper and opened fantastic opportunities. It started a new career as the metal for generating, transporting and using energy, power and information. This book contains the Proceedings of the International Conference "Copper -06". It gives a broad and up-to-date overview on the recent progress in research and development of copper and copper alloys for usage in modern industrial applications. The current challenges and changes in the international copper industry are also highlighted and the reader gets insight in the driving forces on the international copper market.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Annotation Many non invasive methods are now used to characterize the cosmetic products properties and their interactions with skin and hair Physico chemical studies, biological and clinical effects measurements, the development of new instrumental techniques are crucial for the cosmetic sector COMET (Cosmetic Measurement & Testing) is the 1st scientific congress dedicated to cosmetics testing & measurement COMET is the place where academic researchers, the major firms, SMEs and start ups share knowledge and participate in scientific discussion.

• Preface
• ¡Issues in Computational Studies of Turbulent Spray Combustion, by ¡E. Gutheil
• ¡Details and Complexities of Boundary Conditions in Turbulent Piloted Dilute Spray Jets and Flames, by A.R. Masri and J.D. Gounder
• ¡Toward The Impact of Fuel Evaporation-Combustion Interaction on Spray Combustion in Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers. Part I: Effect of¡ Partial Fuel Vaporization on Spray Combustion, by A. Sadiki, W. Ahmadi, ¡ M. Chrigui and J. Janicka
• ¡Toward The Impact of Fuel Evaporation-Combustion Interaction on Spray Combustion in Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers. Part II: Influence of High Combustion Temperature on Spray Droplet Evaporation, by A. Sadiki, W. Ahmadi and¡ M. Chrigui
• ¡Reynolds Stress and PDF Modeling of Two-Way Coupling and Vaporisation Interaction in a Turbulent Spray Flame, by N.A. Beishuizen and D. Roekaerts.

• Preface
• �Issues in Computational Studies of Turbulent Spray Combustion, by �E. Gutheil
• �Details and Complexities of Boundary Conditions in Turbulent Piloted Dilute Spray Jets and Flames , by A.R. Masri and J.D. Gounder
• �Toward The Impact of Fuel Evaporation-Combustion Interaction on Spray Combustion in Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers. Part I: Effect of� Partial Fuel Vaporization on Spray Combustion, by A. Sadiki, W. Ahmadi, � M. Chrigui and J. Janicka
• �Toward The Impact of Fuel Evaporation-Combustion Interaction on Spray Combustion in Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers. Part II: Influence of High Combustion Temperature on Spray Droplet Evaporation, by A. Sadiki, W. Ahmadi and� M. Chrigui
• �Reynolds Stress and PDF Modeling of Two-Way Coupling and Vaporisation Interaction in a Turbulent Spray Flame, by N.A. Beishuizen and D. Roekaerts.

This book reflects the outcome of the 1st International Workshop on Turbulent Spray Combustion held in 2009 in Corsica (France). The focus is on reporting the progress of experimental and numerical techniques in two-phase flows, with emphasis on spray combustion.¡ The motivation for studies in this area is that knowledge of the dominant phenomena and their interactions in such flow systems is essential for the development of predictive models and their use in combustor and gas turbine design. This necessitates the development of accurate experimental methods and numerical modelling techniques.¡ The workshop aimed at providing an opportunity for experts and young researchers to present the state-of-the-art, discuss new developments or techniques and exchange ideas in the areas of experimentations, modelling and simulation of reactive multiphase flows. The first two papers reflect the contents of the invited lectures, given by experts in the field of turbulent spray combustion. The first ¡concerns computational issues, while the second deals with experiments. These lectures initiated very interesting and interactive discussions among the researchers, further pursued in contributed poster presentations. Contributions 3 and 4 focus on some aspects of the impact of the interaction between fuel evaporation and combustion on spray combustion in the context of gas turbines, while the final article deals with the interaction between evaporation and turbulence.

• Foreword. Preface. General Introduction on FMS-95. Basic Aspects and Parameters Measurements. Bioreactors and Mathematical Models. Upgradation of Agro-industrial Products/Wastes. Enzymes Production and Applications. Secondary Metabolites and Biopesticides. Edible Mushrooms/Fungi. Newer Applications. History of Solid State Fermentation at ORSTOM. List of Delegates. Subject Index.
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G.HAINNAUX Departement Milieu et Activites Agricoles, Centre ORSTOM, 911 Avenue d' Agropolis, B.P. 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex , France. Solid state fermentation, popularly abbreviated as SSF, is currently investigated by many groups throughout the world. The study of this technique was largely neglected in the past in European and Western countries and there is now a high demand for SSF, meaning in food, environment, agricultural, phannaceutical and many other biotechnological applications. It gives me satisfaction to note that the importance of this technique was realised at my department way back in 1975 since then, our team has put concentrated efforts on developing this technique. xvii Foreword Advances in Solid State Fermentation Foreword M. PUYGRENIER Agropolis Valorisation, Avenue d' Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. On the name of the Scientific Community, I would like to express the wish that this International Symposium on SSF should be successful. Solid State Fermentation is part of biotechnology research. It consists on seeding solid culture medium with bacteria or fungi (filamentous or higher) and on producing, in this medium (solid components and exudates) metabolites and high value products. In fact, this process is very old. In older industries such the food and agricultural, this technique has been extensively used. An example of this is the production of pork sausages and Roquefort cheese. Pharmaceutical industry could make extensive use of SSF in the production of secondary metabolites of many kinds and development in this direction is soon expected.
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• Plenary Lectures. Topic 1 - Off-Line Systems. Topic 2 - On-Line Systems. Topic 3 - Computational & Numerical Solutions Strategies. Topic 4 - Integrated And Multiscale Modelling And Simulation. Topic 5 - Cape For The Users!. Topic 6 - Cape And Society. Topic 7 - Cape In Education.

"The 18th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering" contains papers presented at the 18th European Symposium of Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE 18) held in Lyon, France, from 1-4 June 2008. The "ESCAPE" series brings the latest innovations and achievements by leading professionals from the industrial and academic communities. The series serves as a forum for engineers, scientists, researchers, managers and students from academia and industry to present new computer aided methods, algorithms, techniques related to process and product engineering, and discuss innovative concepts, new challenges, needs and trends in the area of CAPE. This research area bridges fundamental sciences (physics, chemistry, thermodynamics, applied mathematics and computer sciences) with the various aspects of process and product engineering.The special theme for "ESCAPE-18" is CAPE for the Users! CAPE systems are to be put in the hands of end users who need functionality and assistance beyond the scientific and technological capacities which are at the core of the systems. The four main topics are: off-line systems for synthesis and design; on-line systems for control and operation; computational and numerical solutions strategies; integrated and multi-scale modelling and simulation. Two general topics address the impact of CAPE tools and methods on Society and Education. CD-ROM that accompanies this book contains all research papers and contributions. It is international in scope with guest speeches and keynote talks from leaders in science and industry. It presents papers covering the latest research, key top areas and developments in Computer Aided Process Engineering.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)