This report assesses how changes in the domestic, regional, and international environments are likely to affect future Japanese security policies and defense cooperation between Japan and the U.S. The expectation that Japan will "inevitably" move toward major rearmament and an independent defense posture appears questionable. The authors conclude that Japan will lack both the will and the capabilities to achieve such a status for at least the rest of the decade. Given recent trends in the former Soviet Union, they conclude that the order of magnitude of Japanese capabilities is appropriate, which suggests that the U.S. should emphasize greater integration, interoperability, and sustainability rather than major quantitative increases in Japan's force structure and military power. In addition, they suggest that both sides would gain from any progress toward achieving two-way technological exchange.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This report analyzes the historical, geographic, and cultural factors influencing Indian strategic thinking: how India's past has shaped present-day conceptions of military power and national security; how Indian elites view their strategic position vis-a-vis their neighbors, the Indian Ocean, and great power alignments; whether Indian thinking follows a reasonably consistent logic and direction; and what this might imply for India's long-term ability to shape its regional security environment. The author identifies four principal factors that help explain Indian actions and views about power and security: Indian geography; the discovery of Indian history by Indian elites over the past 150 years; Indian cultural and social structures and belief systems; and the British rule, or raj. India has a predominantly defensive strategic orientation, although some leaders now seek a more offense-oriented strategy. India retains a longstanding commitment to strategic independence and autonomy, although its economic, industrial, and technological shortcomings continue to limit the success of such a strategic design. Indians realize that the high technology being developed for India's longer-term defense has implications for Indian strategy. Domestic and budgetary constraints will continue to limit Indian military power for many years.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Toward justice in adaptation to climate change / W. Neil Adger, Jouni Paavola, Saleemul Huq
• Dangers and thresholds in climate change and the implications for justice / Stephen H. Schneider, Janica Lane
• Adaptation under the UN framework convention on climate change: the international legal framework / M.J. Mace
• Exploring the social justice implications of adaptation and vulnerability / Kirstin Dow, Roger E. Kasperson, Maria Bohn
• Is it appropriate to identify winners and losers? / Robin Leichenko, Karen O'Brien
• Climate change, insecurity, and injustice / Jon Barnett
• Adaptation: who pays whom? / Paul Baer
• A welfare theoretic analysis of climate change inequities / Neil A. Leary
• Equity in national adaptation programs of action (NAPAs): the case of Bangladesh / Saleemul Huq, Mizan R. Khan
• Justice in adaptation to climate change in Tanzania / Jouni Paavola
• Adaptation and equity in resource dependent societies / David S.G. Thomas, Chasca Twyman
• Extreme weather and burden sharing in Hungary / Joanne Linnerooth-Bayer, Anna Vári
• Multifaceted justice in adaptation to climate change / Jouni Paavola, W. Neil Adger, Saleemul Huq.

As a global society, we need to take action not only to prevent the potentially catastrophic effects of climate change but also to adapt to the unavoidable effects of climate change already imposed on the world. Fairness in Adaptation to Climate Change looks at the challenges of ensuring that policy responses to climate change do not place undue and unfair burdens on already vulnerable populations. All countries will be endangered by climate change risks from flood, drought, and other extreme weather events, but developing countries are more dependent on climate-sensitive livelihoods such as farming and fishing and hence are more vulnerable. Despite this, the concerns of developing countries are marginalized in climate policy decisions that exacerbate current vulnerabilities. Fairness in Adaptation to Climate Change brings together scholars from political science, economics, law, human geography, and climate science to offer the first assessment of the social justice issues in adaptation to climate change. The book outlines the philosophical underpinnings of different types of justice in relation to climate change, present inequities, and future burdens, and it applies these to real world examples of climate change adaptation in Bangladesh, Tanzania, Botswana, Namibia, and Hungary. It argues that the key to adapting to climate change lies in recognizing the equity and justice issues inherent in its causes and in human responses to it. Contributors W. Neil Adger, Paul Baer, Jon Barnett, Maria Bohn, Kirstin Dow, Saleemul Huq, Roger E. Kasperson, Mizan R. Khan, Janica Lane, Neil A. Leary, Robin Leichenko, Joanne Linnerooth-Bayer, M. J. Mace, Karen O'Brien, Jouni Paavola, Stephen H. Schneider, David S. G. Thomas, Chasca Twyman, Anna Vari.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction: migration and climate change Etienne Piguet, Antoine Pecoud and Paul de Guchteneire-- Part I. Evidence on the Migration-Climate Change Relationship:
• 2. The main climate change forecasts that might cause human displacements Martine Rebetez--
• 3. Climate change, migration and health in Brazil Alisson Flavio Barbieri and Ulisses E. C. Confalonieri--
• 4. Environmental degradation and out-migration: evidence from Nepal Pratikshya Bohra-Mishra and Douglas S. Massey--
• 5. Refusing 'refugee' in the Pacific: (de)constructing climate-induced displacement in international law Jane McAdam--
• 6. Critical views on the relationship between climate change and migration: some insights from the experience of Bangladesh Allan Findlay and Alistair Geddes--
• 7. Sea level rise, local vulnerability and involuntary migration Anthony Oliver-Smith--
• 8. Environmental change and forced migration scenarios: methods and findings from the Nile Delta, Sahel and Meking Delta Koko Warner, Alex de Sherbinin, Charles Erhart, Susana Adamo and Tricia Chai-Onn-- Part II. Policy Responses, Normative Issues and Critical Perspectives:
• 9. Research and policy interactions in the birth of the 'environmental migration' concept Francois Gemenne--
• 10. Lessons from past forced resettlement for climate change migration Graeme Hugo--
• 11. Climate change and internal displacement: challenges to the normative framework Khalid Koser--
• 12. Displacement, climate change and gender Lori M. Hunter and Emmanuel David--
• 13. Drought, desertification and migration: past experiences, predicted impacts and human rights issues Michelle Leighton--
• 14. The protection of 'environmental refugees' in international law Christel Cournil--
• 15. 'Environmental refugees': aspects of international state responsibility Astrid Epiney--
• 16. Concluding remarks on the climate change-migration nexus Stephen Castles.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Migration and Climate Change provides an authoritative overview of the relationship between climate change and migration. It brings together both case studies and syntheses from different parts of the world and critically discusses empirical evidence, methodological challenges, conceptual gaps, policy responses, and normative issues. The book constitutes a unique and thorough introduction to one of the most discussed but least understood consequences of climate change and brings together experts from a wide range of disciplines, including anthropology, climatology, demography, geography, law, political science and sociology.
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• Cover
• Contents
• Series Foreword
• Acknowledgments
• I
• Global Concern, National Authority
• 1
• Introduction: Bilateral Activism in Global Environmental Politics
• 2
• Environmental Privilege Revisited
• II
• Historical Perspectives
• 3
• Environmental Leadership: The Costa Rican Example
• 4
• Environmental Leadership: The Bolivian Example
• III
• Explaining Policy Change
• 5
• Domestic Political Resources
• 6
• Policy Culture
• 7
• Comparative Perspectives on Global Problems
• Methodological Appendix
• Notes
• References
• Index.

In the absence of world government, effective national policy is essential to the success of international environmental initiatives. Yet research on global environmental cooperation has proceeded without models of policy change in developing countries, where most of the world's people, land, and species are found. In this book Paul Steinberg provides a theoretical framework to explain the domestic responses of developing countries to global environmental concerns. Drawing on extensive field research, he traces the evolution of public policies to protect biological diversity in Costa Rica and Bolivia over the past four decades, to understand how these countries emerged as leaders in tropical conservation and how international institutions might support similar outcomes in other countries.Environmental Leadership in Developing Countries explodes the myth that developing countries are too preoccupied with short-term economic growth and material survival to devote attention to global environmental concerns. Instead it offers a nuanced account of complex, decades-long efforts to create effective institutions, and analyzes the relative roles of foreign and domestic actors in this process.
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• Background
• Science, Politics, and Carl Sagan: Through 1983
• A Cold Day in Hell: Activities and Antagonisms, 1984-85
• Smoldering Issues: 1986 and Afterward.

The rise and fall of the concept of nuclear winter, played out in research activity, public relations, and Reagan-era politics.
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• Contributors; Preface; With the Market Against Climate Catastrophe
• Can That Succeed?
• Introduction; The Market: Your Friend and Helper?; On the Contributions in this Volume; Climate Capitalism; 1 Capitalism and Climate Change; 2 New sites of accumulation: Emissions trading and offsets; Emissions Trading; Offsets; 3 Making sense of the carbon economy; 4 Conclusion: Towards Climate Capitalism; References; Climate Politics as Investment; 1 Introduction; New emphasis on investments; Some remarks on theory and methodology; 2 The Economics of climate change.

• 2.1 Reframing climate change as an economic problem2.2 And turning climate politics into an economic challenge; 3 The new climate finance discourse; 3.1 Dominant logics in the new climate finance discourse; Estimating the costs of climate protection; Priority setting along cost effectiveness; Equity as finance; Public and private money in climate finance; 3.2 From costs to investment in climate politics; The „need for private investments" narrative; The „investment opportunity" narrative; 4 Tracing the investment logic in climate politics.

• Public Finance Mechanisms: Translating climate policy into investment termsREDD: Complexity, concerns, and great expectations; 5 Investments in climate politics
• some alternative framings; References; Contradictions of the Commodity Carbon
• On the Material and Symbolic Production of a Market; 1 Introduction; 2 The material and symbolic production of nature; 3 Valorisation and „occidental rationalism"; 3.1 Power and private ownership; 3.2 Exchange on markets; 3.3 Nature as Robinsonade; 3.4 Qualitative indistinguishability; 4 Own times in economics, politics and nature; References.

• Economic Growth and Climate Change: Cap-And-Trade or Emission Tax?1 Introduction; 2 Growth and Climate Change: Empirical Facts; 3 Growth and Climate Change: Theory and Modeling; 4 The History of Regulating Economic Externalities: Pigou versus Coase; 5 Cap-and-Trade or Carbon Taxes?; 6 European Efforts and Experiences: The high Volatility of the Carbon Price; 7 Conclusions; References; Greening the Economy in the European Union; Introduction; 1 Determination on Paper; 2 Separate Energy Regimes; 3 The Control of Nature through New Technologies and New Markets.

• 4 Strategic Raw Materials Policy: Agrofuels5 Overcoming the Oil Age; References; The „Tragedy of the Atmosphere" or the Doubling of the Carbon Cycle and the Circulation of Capital; Introduction; 1 The Fossil Energy Chain
• a Carbon Cycle and a Valorisation Cycle; 2 The Tragedy of the Atmosphere; 3 Should the Pollution in the Atmosphere be Reduced by Means of Regulative Power or by „Market-based" Instruments?; 4 A few Conclusions; References; A Brief History of Emission Trading Systems; Introduction; Emissions Trading Systems.

The world is facing several serious challenges at the close of the fossil and nuclear energy regime: the limited resources of cheap conventional oil can only be surmounted by tapping unconventional oil reserves, e.g. deep sea oil. The explosion of the oil platform Deepwater Horizon in 2010 and the subsequent oil spill caused enormous damage, which even a year later cannot be fully estimated. Another even more important threat emanating from the fossil and nuclear energy regime has been brought to our attention by the Fukushima disaster. Last but not least, the problem of climate change caused.

• A* Five GsA": Lessons for Governing Global Climate from World Trade William Antholis (Brookings) A* International Trade Law and the Economics of Climate Policy: Evaluating the Legality and Effectiveness of Proposals to Address Competitiveness and Leakage Concerns Jason E. Bordoff (Brookings) A* Technology Transfers and Climate Change: International Flows, Barriers, and Frameworks Thomas L. Brewer (Georgetown University) A*Addressing the Leakage / Competitiveness Issue in Climate Change Policy Proposals Jeffrey A. Frankel (Harvard University) A* The Economic and Environmental Effects of Border Tax Adjustments for Climate Policy Warwick J. Mckibbin and Peter J.Wilcoxen (Brookings) A* The Climate Commons and a Global Environment Organization (GEO) C. Ford Runge (University of Minnesota).
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Brookings Trade Forum provides comprehensive analysis on current and emerging issues of international trade and macroeconomics. Practitioners and academics contribute to each volume, with papers that provide an in-depth look at a particular topic. The 2008/2009 edition focuses on climate policy and its impact on trade. Contents include * Five ""Gs"": Lessons for Governing Global Climate from World Trade William Antholis (Brookings) * International Trade Law and the Economics of Climate Policy: Evaluating the Legality and Effectiveness of Proposals to Address Competitiveness and Leakage Concerns Jason E. Bordoff (Brookings) * Technology Transfers and Climate Change: International Flows, Barriers, and Frameworks Thomas L. Brewer (Georgetown University) *Addressing the Leakage / Competitiveness Issue in Climate Change Policy Proposals Jeffrey A. Frankel (Harvard University) * The Economic and Environmental Effects of Border Tax Adjustments for Climate Policy Warwick J. Mckibbin and Peter J.Wilcoxen (Brookings) * The Climate Commons and a Global Environment Organization (GEO) C. Ford Runge (University of Minnesota).
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book documents Szilard's energetic attempts to influence public policy on arms control and disarmament issues, both through open political processes and statements and through behindthe-scenes contacts with Washington power sources and a remarkable exercise in personal diplomacy with Nikita Khrushchev. Leo Szilard conceived of the possibility of nuclear fission sustained by a chain reaction years before it was achieved in the laboratory. He was also one of the initiators of the atomic bomb project in the United States. Yet he dedicated his final years to the causes of understanding and sustaining life. The eminent physicist became a biologist and a vital force calling, for the control of nuclear and other weapons. This book documents Szilard's energetic attempts to influence public policy on arms control and disarmament issues, both through open political processes and statements and through behindthe-scenes contacts with Washington power sources and a remarkable exercise in personal diplomacy with Nikita Khrushchev. Many of the issues Szilard deals with in this valuable record of the years 1947-1963 are still crucial today. His opposition to antiballistic missile systems, his proposal for a Washington-Moscow "hot line, " his work on the Pugwash conferences that brought together scientists from the East and the West, his pivotal role in the creation of the Council for a Livable World, his advocacy of a nuclear policy of no-first-use and restricted retaliation, and his support of "minimum deterrence" in place of an overwhelming counterforce capability - all these matters are as important in the 1980s as they were in the 1950s and 1960s.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction / Ernest Zedillo
• The IPCC : establishing the evidence / R.K. Pachauri
• Is the global warming alarm founded on fact? / Richard S. Lindzen
• Anthropogenic climate change : revisiting the facts / Stefan Rahmstorf
• "Dangerous" climate change : key vulnerabilities / Stephen H. Schneider
• The policy implications of climate change impacts / Robert Mendelsohn
• Economic analyses of the Kyoto Protocol : is there life after Kyoto? / William D. Nordhaus
• The European emissions trading regime and the future of Kyoto / Gernot Klepper and Sonja Peterson
• Climate change : designing an effective response / Thomas Heller
• An international policy architecture for the post-Kyoto era / Robert N. Stavins
• Controversies of Russian climate policy and opportunities for greenhouse gas reduction / Alexander Golub
• Climate policy in the United Kingdom / Howard Dalton
• Canada's approach to tackling climate change / John M.R. Stone
• India and climate change : mitigation, adaptation, and a way forward / Jvoti Parikh
• Correct choices for China : energy conservation, a cyclic economy, and a conservation-minded society / Shen Longhai.

"Comprehensive examination of the economic, social, and political context of climate policy in industrialized and developing nations. Calls for a multilateral approach that goes beyond the mitigation-focused Kyoto policies and stresses the importance of generating policies that work within a time frame commensurate with that of climate change itself"--Provided by publisher.

• Acknowledgments Introduction: Making Value and U.S.-Mexican Space
• 1. Histories, Mineralogies, Economies
• 2. Shifting Stones: Mineralogy and Mineral Collecting in Mexico and the United States
• 3. Making Scientific Value
• 4. Mineral Collections and Their Minerals: Building Up U.S.-Mexican Transnational Spaces
• 5. Making Places in Space: Miners and Collectors in Guanajuato and Tucson
• 6. Mineral Marketplaces, Arbitrage, and the Production of Difference Conclusion Appendix: Sources and Methods Notes References Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Elizabeth Emma Ferry traces the movement of minerals as they circulate from Mexican mines to markets, museums, and private collections on both sides of the US-Mexico border. She describes how and why these byproducts of ore mining come to be valued by people in various walks of life as scientific specimens, religious offerings, works of art, and luxury collectibles. The story of mineral exploration and trade defines a variegated transnational space, shedding new light on the complex relationship between these two countries and on the process of making value itself.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)