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• M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1941-1949
• The Journey, January 29 to February 7, 1949
• Early Life and Education, London, 1903-1929
• Medical Physicist Part I, London, 1929-1944
• The Unknown Years and UNESCO, Paris, 1944-1948
• Replacing Radium, 1937-1949
• The Arrival, Houston, February 1949
• The Cobalt Unit, 1949-1954
• Medical Physicist Part II, Houston, 1949-1951
• Cobalt-60 and the Notebook
• Cobalt-60 in Perspective.

For the latter half of the 20th century, cobalt-60 units were the mainstay of radiation treatments for cancer. Cobalt Blues describes the development of the first cobalt-60 unit in the United States and the man behind it, Leonard Grimmett. Conceptually conceived before World War II, it only became possible because of the development of nuclear reactors during the war. Although Grimmett conceived of and published his ideas first, the Canadians built the first units because of the capability of their reactor to produce more suitable cobalt-60 sources. This book tells the story of how Grimmett and others came together at the time that the U S Atomic Energy Agency was pushing the use of radioactivity in medicine. Due to his sudden death, very little information about Grimmett was known until recently, when various documents have come to light, allowing the full story to be told.

• 1 Mean-field and Beyond Mean-field Nuclear Theoretical Methods.- 1 Independent-particle Models.- 1.1 The Fermi-gas Model.- 1.2 The Shell Model.- 1.3 The Hartree-Fock Approximation.- 2 Complex Mean-field Analyses.- 2.1 The Complex Potential. Formal Considerations.- 2.2 The Complex Potential for Bound and Scattering States.- 2.3 Dispersion Relations Methods.- 3 Basic Correlation Methods.- 3.1 An Analysis of Mean-field Theories.- 3.2 Correlation Methods Related to Mass Operator Expansions.- 3.3 Beyond Single Slater Determinant Methods.- 4 Further Correlation Methods.- 4.1 The Generator Coordinate Method.- 4.2 The Coherent Density Fluctuation Model.- 4.3 The Natural Orbital Method.- 2 Nucleon Correlations and Nuclear Structure.- 5 Spectral Functions.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Green Function Description of the Spectral Function.- 5.3 Spectral Functions within the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model.- 5.4 Sum Rules for the Spectral Function.- 6 Natural Orbitals and Occupation Numbers in Nuclei.- 6.1 Nucleon Correlations and Single-particle Occupation Numbers.- 6.2 Applications of the Natural Orbital Method.- 6.3 The Natural Orbital Representation within the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model (CDFM).- 6.4 The Natural Orbital Representation within the Generator Coordinate Method (GCM).- 6.5 Comparison of CDFM and GCM Results with ExperimentaData for Occupation Numbers.- 7 Momentum Distributions in Nuclei.- 7.1 Nucleon Momentum and Density Distributions.- 7.2 Cluster Momentum Distributions in Nuclei.- 8 Ground and Excited Collective Nuclear States within the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model and the Generator Coordinate Method.- 8.1 Energies and Density Distributions in Ground and Excited Monopole States within the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model.- 8.2 Generator Coordinate Method Calculations of Energies and the Density Distributions of the Ground and Excited Monopole States.- 3 Nucleon Correlations and Nuclear Reactions.- 9 Electron-nucleus Scattering.- 9.1 Electron Elastic Scattering.- 9.2 Quasielastic Electron Scattering.- 9.3 Deep-inelastic Lepton-nucleus Scattering.- 10 Photonuclear Reactions at Intermediate Energies.- 11 Intermediate Energy Proton-nucleus Scattering.- 11.1 Proton-nucleus Scattering and Nucleon Correlations.- 11.2 Elastic Proton-nucleus Scattering within the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model.- 11.3 Deep-inelastic Proton-nucleus Scattering within the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model.- 12 Elastic Scattering of Complex Nuclear Systems.- 12.1 Intermediate-energy Alpha-particle Elastic Scattering on Nuclei.- 12.2 Heavy-ion Elastic Scattering.- References.- Author Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In recent years there has been growing interest in the nucleon-nucleon correl- ations inside nuclei. In many respects the motions of the nucleons can be very well described by an overall mean field, so that the motion of each nucleon is governed by the mean field due to all the other nucleons. This concept underlies the Fermi-gas, Hartree-Fock and shell models and has enabled a range of nuclear properties to be calculated, often to surprising accuracy. It gradually became clear, however, that these mean-field models are limited by the effects due to the very strong interactions between the nucleons that occur at short distances; these are the short-range correlations. They are responsible for instance for the high-momentum components in the nucleon momentum dis- tribution, and prevent the simultaneous description of the nuclear density and momentum distributions by the same mean field. It thus becomes necessary to develop methods for including the effects of nucleon correlations in nuclei, and these are the main subject of this book. Some related problems of nuclear structure were discussed in an earlier book by the same authors: Nucleon Momentum and Density Distributions in Nuclei (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988). The main aim of that book was to study the effects of nucleon-nucleon correlations, both short-range and tensor, on the nucleon momentum distribution, which is particularly sensitive to these correl- ations, and on the nucleon density distribution.
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• 1. Introduction 1.1-Waves, Particles, and Units 1.2-The Electromagnetic Spectrum 1.3-Interaction of Radiation with Matter
• 2. Molecular Symmetry 2.1-Symmetry Operations 2.2-Groups 2.3-Notation for Point Groups
• 3. Matrix Representation of Groups 3.1-Vectors and Matrices 3.2-Symmetry Operations and Position Vectors 3.3-Symmetry Operators and Basis Vectors 3.4-Symmetry Operators and Basis Fuctions 3.5-Equivalent, Reducible, and Irreducible Matrix Representations 3.6-Great Orthogonality Theorem 3.7-Character Tablesity Theorem
• 4. Quantum Mechanics and Group Theory 4.1-Matrix Representation of the Schroedinger Equation 4.2-Born-Oppenheimer Approximationchroedinger Equation 4.3-Symmetry of the Hamiltonianionchroedinger Equation 4.4-Projection Operatorsltonianion 4.5-Direct Product Representations 4.6-Integrals and Selection Ruless
• 5. Atomic Spectroscopyction Ruless 5.1-Introductionoscopyction Rules 5.2-Angular Momentumpy 5.3-The Hydrogen Atom and One-Electron Spectra 5.4-Many-Electron Atomsnd One-Electron Spectra 5.5-Selection Rulestomsnd One-Electron Spectra 5.6-Atomic Spectrastoms 5.7-Intensity of Atomic Lines 5.8-Zeeman EffectAtomic Lines 5.9-Stark EffecttAtomic Lines
• 6. Rotational Spectroscopy 6.1-Rotation of Rigid Bodies 6.2-Pure Rotational Spectroscopy of Diatomic and Linear Molecules 6.3-Intensity of Pure Rotational Transitions of Diatomic and Linear Molecules 6.4-Symmetric Tops 6.5-Asymmetric Topsre Rotational Transitions of Diatomic and 6.6-Structure Determination
• 7. Vibrational Spectroscopy 7.1-Diatomic MoleculesRotational Transitions of Diatomic and 7.2-Vibrational Motion of Polyatomic Molecules 7.3-Vibrational Spectra of Symmetric Tops 7.4-Infrared Transitions of Spherical Tops 7.5-Vibrational Spectra of Asymmetric Topsules 7.6-Vibration-Rotation Line Intensitiesps 7.7-Fermi and Coriolis Perturbationsl Tops 7.8-Inversion Doubling and Fluxional Behaviors
• 8. The Raman Effection Line Intensitiesps 8.1-BackgroundCoriolis Perturbationsl Tops 8.2-Rotational Raman EffectFluxional Behavior 8.3-Vibration-Rotation Raman Spectroscopy 8.4-Rayleigh and Raman Intensitiesns 8.5-Conclusionsaman Effect
• 9. Electronic Spectroscopy of Diatomic Molecules 9.1-Orbitals and StatesIntensities 9.2-Vibrational Structure 9.3-Rotational Structure of Electronic Transitions of Diatomic Molecules 9.4-The Symmetry of Diatomic Energy Levels: Parity 9.5-Rotational Line Intensities 9.6-Dissociation, Photodissociation, and Predissociation
• 10. Electronic Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules 10.1-Orbitals and Statesomic Energy Levels: Parity 10.2-Vibrational Structure of Electronic Transitions 10.3-Vibronic Coupling: The Herzberg-Teller Effect 10.4-Jahn-Teller Effect 10.5-Renner-Teller Effect 10.6-Nonradiative Transitions: Jablonski Diagram 10.7-Photoelectron Spectroscopy 10.8-Rotational Structure: H2CO and HCN 10.9-Intensity of Transitions
• 11. Appendix A: Units, Conversions, and Physical Constants
• 12. Appendix B: Character Tables
• 13. Appendix C: Direct Product Tables
• 14. Appendix D: Introductory Textbooks Covering All of Spectroscopy 9.6-Dissociation, Photodissociation, and Predissociation.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Spectra of Atoms and Molecules, 2nd Edition is designed to introduce advanced undergraduates and new graduate students to the vast field of spectroscopy. Of interest to chemists, physicists, astronomers, atmospheric scientists, and engineers, it emphasizes the fundamental principles of spectroscopy with its primary goal being to teach students how to interpret spectra. The book includes a clear presentation of group theory needed for understanding the material and a large number of excellent problems are found at the end of each chapter. In keeping with the visual aspects of the course, the author provides a large number of diagrams and spectra specifically recorded for this book. Topics such as molecular symmetry, matrix representation of groups, quantum mechanics, and group theory are discussed. Analyses are made of atomic, rotational, vibrational, and electronic spectra. Spectra of Atoms and Molecules, 2nd Edition has been updated to include the 1998 revision of physical constants, and conforms more closely to the recommended practice for the use of symbols and units. This new edition has also added material pertaining to line intensities, which can be confusing due to the dozens of different units used to report line and band strengths. Another major change is in author Peter Bernath's discussion of the Raman effect and light scattering, where the standard theoretical treatment is now included. Aimed at new students of spectroscopy regardless of their background, Spectra of Atoms and Molecules will help demystify spectroscopy by showing the necessary steps in a derivation.
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Computational simulations are an essential tool for the study of complex systems, ranging from biological relevant molecules, such as proteins or DNA, to spin glasses or the hot plasma inside nuclear fusion reactors. In the BIFI 2008 conference, leading scientists in these fields gathered to communicate and discuss the most recent findings with a wide audience of physicists, chemists and biologists.
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• Acknowledgments
• Introduction
• 1. Precursors to the Nobel prizes in the sciences
• 2. Developments in Swedish and international science having a bearing on the Nobel institution
• 3. Implementing the will of Alfred Nobel, 1896-1900
• 4. An overview of the nominating system and its influence on the prize decisions
• 5. Networks at work in the prize selections: Arrhenius and Mittag-Leffler
• 6. Committee decision making
• 7. The prizes, the public, and the scientific community
• Epilogue and conclusions
• Appendixes
• A note on sources and notes
• Notes
• Bibliography
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Nobel Prizes have long been the most prestigious awards in the world of science. Established according to the wishes expressed in the will of Alfred Nobel (1895), the annual awards began in 1901. The Nobel Archives preserve the detailed study of the inner workings of the prize committees, and the archival documents, available for historical research since 1974, open the door to important new scholarship in the history and sociology of the prizes. Elisabeth Crawford was one of the first to gain access to the Nobel Archives at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and in this book she analyzes the early history of the prizes in physics and chemistry. Crawford sets out in detail the story of the intricate inner workings of the process whereby the prizewinners were selected. A fascinating picture of the contemporary international scientific establishment emerges, one shedding light on how the developing Nobel institution became enmeshed in speciality and other networks, notably those of Arrhenius and Mittag-Leffler, the two Swedish scientists who were best known internationally at the time. While the general development of disciplines and the standing of scientists in international and national communities heavily influenced the selection process, the cases presented in this book show that the specific choices of specialities, discoveries, and people to be honored were determined by the Swedish participants in the process. The question of how, after some initial uncertainties, the Nobel Prizes became synonymous with the highest achievements in science and culture is also addressed. This detailed study of the birth of what have become science's highest accolades will interest historians and scientists alike.
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• Analysis of native caustic lime
• escape of gases through capillary tubes
• combustion of the diamond
• oxide of silver in ammonia
• action of boracic acid on turmeric
• hydrate of chlorine
• history of the condensation of gases
• new compounds of carbon and hydrogen
• limits of vapourization
• anhydrous sulphate of soda
• sound during the conduct of heat
• table-turning
• relations of gold and other metals to light
• conservation of force.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This is a facsimile reprint of Faraday's original book published in 1895 by Taylor and Francis, which was a collection of his papers written over a period of 40 years and published in various learned and scientific journals such as "Philosophical Magazine", "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society" and "The Journal of the Royal Institution". The book is intended to celebrate the bicentenniel of Faraday's birth in 1791.
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• The manuscripts of Michael Faraday from the Royal Institution (17 reels)
• The manuscripts of Michael Faraday from the Institute of Electrical Engineers (2 reels)
• The manuscripts of Michael Faraday from the Guildhall Library (4 reels)

• Preface
• Introduction
• Hierarchy of Terms in the Effective Hamiltonian
• Spectroscopic Perturbations: Homogeneous and Heterogeneous
• The Effective Hamiltonian for Diatomic Molecules
• Rotation of Polyatomic Molecules
• Quantum Beats.- The Effective Hamiltonian for Polyatomic Molecule Vibration
• Intramolecular Dynamics: Representations, Visualizations and Mechanisms.

• 3.6 Intensity Borrowed from a Nearby Bright State3.7 Intensity Borrowed from an Energetically Remote Bright State; 3.8 Intensity Interference Effects; References; 4 The Effective Hamiltonian for Diatomic Molecules; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Main Topics of This Lecture; 4.2.1 R-Dependence; 4.2.2 How Do We Account for Interactions with Energetically Remote States; 4.2.3 Van Vleck Transformation; 4.3 R-Dependence Is Encoded in v, J Dependence; 4.3.1 Transition Moments: μ (R) →Mv, v; 4.3.2 Centrifugal Distortion, De; 4.3.3 Vibration-Rotation Interaction, αe: A Small Surprise.

These seven lectures are intended to serve as an introduction for beginning graduate students to the spectra of small molecules. The author succeeds in illustrating the concepts by using language and metaphors that capture and elegantly convey simple insights into dynamics that lie beyond archival molecular constants. The lectures can simultaneously be viewed as a collection of interlocking special topics that have fascinated the author and his students over the years. Though neither a textbook nor a scholarly monograph, the book provides an illuminating perspective that will benefit students and researchers alike.

• Research strategy - definition and objectives
• two-level complete factorial designs - 2.2, 2k
• the concept of optimal design
• two-level fractional factorial designs - 2k-p, the alias theory, examples
• types of matrices
• trial sequences - randomization, blocking
• mathematical modelling of factorial 2k designs
• choosing complementary trials
• beyond influencing factors
• practical method of calculation using a quality example
• detailed calculations for the truck suspension springs example
• experimental designs and computer simulations
• practical experimental designs
• overview and suggestions. Appendices: matrices and matrix calculations
• statistics useful in experimental designs
• order of trials that leaves the effects of the main factors uninfluenced by linear drift
• application of a 2.3 design.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

A method for organizing and conducting scientific experiments is described in this volume, which enables experimenters to reduce the number of trials run, while retaining all the parameters that may influence the result. The choice of ideal experiments is based on mathematical concepts, but the author adopts a practical approach and uses theory only when necessary. Written for experimenters by an experimenter, it is an introduction to the philosophy of scientific investigation. Researchers with limited time and resources at their disposal should find this text a valuable guide for solving specific problems efficiently. The presentation makes extensive use of examples, and the approach and methods are graphical rather than numerical. All calculations can be performed on a personal computer; readers are assumed to have no previous knowledge of the subject. The presentation is such that the beginner may acquire a thorough understanding of the basic concepts. However, there is also sufficient material to challenge the advanced student. The book is, therefore, suitable for both first and advanced courses. The many examples can also be used in detail for self-study or as a reference.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Schroedinger Equation and Its Application.- 2. Quantum-Mechanical Harmonic Oscillator.- 3. Hydrogen-Like Atoms.- 4. Optical Transition and Selection Rules.- 5. Maxwell's Equations.- 6. Reflection and Transmission of Electromagnetic Waves in Dielectric Media.- 7. Light Quanta: Radiation and Absorption.- 8. Introductory Green's Functions.- 9. Vectors and Their Transformation.- 10. Canonical Forms of Matrices
• 11. Inner Product Space.- 12. Hermitian Operators and Unitary Operators.-13. Introductory Group Theory.-14. Symmetry Groups.-15. Representation Theory of Groups.-16. Applications of Group Theory to Physical Chemistry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book introduces basic concepts of mathematical physics to chemists. Many textbooks and monographs of mathematical physics may appear daunting to them. Unlike other, related books, however, this one contains a practical selection of material, particularly for graduate and undergraduate students majoring in chemistry. The book first describes quantum mechanics and electromagnetism, with the relation between the two being emphasized. Although quantum mechanics covers a broad field in modern physics, the author focuses on a hydrogen(like) atom and a harmonic oscillator with regard to the operator method. This approach helps chemists understand the basic concepts of quantum mechanics aided by their intuitive understanding without abstract argument, as chemists tend to think of natural phenomena and other factors intuitively rather than only logically. The study of light propagation, reflection, and transmission in dielectric media is of fundamental importance. This book explains these processes on the basis of Maxwell equations. The latter half of the volume deals with mathematical physics in terms of vectors and their transformation in a vector space. Finally, as an example of chemical applications, quantum chemical treatment of methane is introduced, including a basic but essential explanation of Green functions and group theory. Methodology developed by the author will also prove to be useful to physicists. .
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• Invited Papers: MOLECULAR SIMULATIONS OF GAS HYDRATE NUCLEATION
• EXTRATERRESTRIAL ICE WITH EMPHASIS ON AGGREGATION/ INTERACTION WITH ORGANIC MATTER: COLLISIONAL AND ACCRETIONAL PROPERTIES OF MODEL PARTICLES
• INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SNOW METAMORPHISM AND CLIMATE: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ASPECTS
• ICE ADHESION AND ICE FRICTION MODIFICATION USING PULSED THERMAL POWER
• IMPROVING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF GAS HYDRATE FORMATION PROCESSES: THE IMPORTANCE OF MULTI-TECHNIQUE APPROACHES
• FAST THERMAL DESORPTION SPECTROSCOPY AND MICROCALORIMETRY: NEW TOOLS TO UNCOVER MYSTERIES OF ICE
• SELECTION FOR 'ICE RESISTANCE', ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS AND ICE OR HYDRATE INHIBITION
• Contributed Papers: RAMAN SCATTERING STUDY OF PROTON ORDERED ICE-XI SINGLE CRYSTAL
• ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SIMPLE PLANAR MODELS OF WATER IN THE VAPOR AND THE ICE PHASES
• PHASES OF SUPERCOOLED LIQUID WATER
• USING GAUSSIAN CURVATURE FOR THE 3D SEGMENTATION OF SNOW GRAINS FROM MICROTOMOGRAPHIC DATA
• ETHANOL HYDRATES FORMED BY GAS CONDENSATION: INVESTIGATIONS BY RAMAN SCATTERING AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• DISLOCATION PATTERNING AND DEFORMATION PROCESSES IN ICE SINGLE CRYSTALS DEFORMED BY TORSION--FORMATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE GAS HYDRATES IN FREEZING SEDIMENTS AND DECOMPOSITION KINETICS OF THE HYDRATES FORMED
• FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY OF BJERRUM DEFECTS IN ICE Ih: AN ANALYSIS OF FORMATION AND MIGRATION PROPERTIES
• FIRST-PRINCIPLES STUDY OF MOLECULAR POINT DEFECTS IN ICE Ih: INTERSTITIAL VS. VACANCY
• FROM ICE TO CO2 HYDRATES AND BACK - STUDY OF NUCLEATION AND INITIAL GROWTH USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
• THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT METAMORPHISM OF SNOW: MODEL AND FIRST VALIDATIONS USING X-RAY MICROTOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES
• SUM FREQUENCY GENERATION ON SINGLE-CRYSTALLINE ICE Ih
• MODELLING ICE Ic OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN AND STACKING-FAULTED HEXAGONAL ICE USING NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION DATA
• FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES FOR A NEW H2 SEPARATION METHOD USING GAS HYDRATES
• SEGREGATION OF SALT IONS AT AMORPHOUS SOLID AND LIQUID SURFACES
• THEORETICAL STUDY ON GASES IN HEXAGONAL ICE INVESTIGATED BY THE MOLECULAR ORBITAL METHOD
• DEVELOPMENT OF IN SITU LOW TEMPERATURE INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY FOR A STUDY OF METHANE HYDRATE
• A MECHANISM FOR PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE QUASI-LIQUID LAYER OF SNOW CRYSTALS IN POLAR REGIONS
• TOPOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS BETWEEN ICE PHASES
• THE IMPORTANCE OF O-O BONDING INTERACTIONS IN VARIOUS PHASES OF ICE
• THE CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF VERY HIGH PRESSURE ICE PHASES
• REAL-SPACE STUDY OF MECHANICAL INSTABILITY OF ICE XI ON A 'BOND-BY-BOND' BASIS
• WATER-VAPOR TRANSPORT IN SNOW WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE GRADIENT
• EXPERIMENTAL GEOSCIENCE IN A FREEZER: ICE AND ICY COMPOUNDS AS USEFUL EDUCATIONAL ANALOGUES FOR TEACHING EARTH AND PLANETARY MATERIALS SCIENCE AND THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES
• CLASSIFICATION OF LOW-ENERGY CONFIGURATIONS OF POLYHEDRAL WATER CLUSTERS FROM CUBE UP TO BACKMINSTERFULLERENE
• ENERGY OPTIMIZATION OF GAS HYDRATE FRAMEWORKS ON THE BASIS OF DISCRETE MODELS OF INTER-MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS
• MICROSTRUCTURE OF GAS HYDRATES IN POROUS MEDIA
• TACKLING THE PROBLEM OF HYDROGEN BOND ORDER AND DISORDER IN ICE
• THEORETICAL STUDY OF A HYDROXIDE ION WITHIN THE ICE-Ih LATTICE
• ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY OF REARRANGING ICE SURFACES
• IONISATION OF HCl ON ICE AT VERY LOW TEMPERATURE
• EFFECTS OF LARGE GUEST SPECIES ON THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURE-H HYDRATES
• PREDICTION OF THE CELLULAR MICROSTRUCTURE OF SEA ICE BY MORPHOLOGICAL STABILITY THEORY
• THE PLANAR-CELLULAR TRANSITION DURING FREEZING OF NATURAL WATERS
• CRYSTAL GROWTH OF ICE-I/HYDRATE EUTECTIC BINARY SOLUTIONS
• X-RAY TOMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION OF IMPURITIES IN POLYCRYSTALLINE ICE
• EFFECTS OF ADDITIVES AND COOLING RATES ON CRYOPRESERVATION PROCESS OF RAT CORTICAL CELLS
• LABORATORY STUDIES OF THE FORMATION OF CUBIC ICE IN AQUEOUS DROPLETS
• HYDRATE PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IMPOSED BY GAS EXCHANGE
• MECHANISM OF CAGE FORMATION DURING GROWTH OF CH4 AND Xe CLATHRATE HYDRATES: A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY
• GROWTH KINETICS ON INTERFACE BETWEEN { } PLANE OF ICE AND WATER INVESTIGATED BY A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION
• CHOOSING AN APPROPRIATE WATER MODEL FOR USE IN BIOMOLECULAR SIMULATIONS
• MICRO-RAMAN STUDY OF AIR CLATHRATE HYDRATES IN POLAR ICE FROM DOME FUJI, ANTARCTICA
• HIGH PRESSURE NMR OF HYDROGEN-FILLED ICES BY DIAMOND ANVIL CELL
• ON THE USE OF THE KIHARA POTENTIAL FOR HYDRATE EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS
• A NEW STRUCTURE OF AMORPHOUS ICE PROMOTED BY RADIATIONS
• THE RADICAL CHEMISTRY IN IRRADIATED ICE
• SPEEDSKATE ICE FRICTION: REVIEW AND NUMERICAL MODEL - FAST 1.0
• FIRST PRINCIPLES COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF HYDROGEN BONDS IN ICE Ih
• FREEZING OF WATER ON ?-Al2O3 SURFACES
• NEW HYDROGEN ORDERED PHASES OF ICE
• MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION AND IN-SITU RAMAN STUDIES ON SOME SINGLE-CRYSTALLINE GAS HYDRATES UNDER HIGH PRESSURE
• CLATHRATE HYDRATE FORMATION AND GROWTH: EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS VERSUS PREDICTED BEHAVIOUR
• EFFECT OF SNOW ACCRETION TO THE GPS ANTENNA ON POSITIONING PERFORMANCE
• GAS HYDRATES IN THE SYSTEM H2-CH4 - H2O AT PRESSURES OF 4.5 TO 220 ??? AND CONCENTRATIONS OF 0 TO 70 MOL % ?2
• CHEMISTRY INDUCED BY IMPLANTATION OF REACTIVE IONS IN WATER ICE
• STRUCTURE H HYDRATE KINETICS STUDIED BY NMR SPECTROSCOPY
• DIELECTRIC RELAXATION OF ICE SAMPLES GROWN FROM VAPOR-PHASE OR LIQUID-PHASE WATER
• ESR OBSERVATION OF SELF-PRESERVATION EFFECT OF METHANE HYDRATE
• INVESTIGATION OF THE STRUCTURAL DISORDER IN ICE Ih USING NEUTRON DIFFRACTION AND REVERSE MONTE CARLO MODELLING
• FIRST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION OF STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORIENTATIONAL DEFECTS IN ICE
• EFFECTS OF ADDITIVES ON FORMATION RATES OF CO2 HYDRATE FILMS
• RIPPLE FORMATION MECHANISM ON ICICLES UNDER A THIN SHEAR FLOW
• MOLECULAR SIMULATIONS OF WATER FREEZING: BRINE REJECTION AND HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATION
• IMPLICATIONS FOR AND FINDINGS FROM DEEP ICE CORE DRILLINGS - AN EXAMPLE: THE ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH OF ICE AT HIGH STRAIN RATES
• ISOTHERMAL AMORPHOUS-AMORPHOUS-AMORPHOUS TRANSITIONS IN WATER
• MECHANICAL STRENGTH AND FLOW PROPERTIES OF ICE-SILICATE MIXTURE DEPENDING ON THE SILICATE CONTENTS AND THE SILICATE PARTICLE SIZES
• ADSORPTION OF ANTIFREEZE PROTEIN AND A COMMERCIAL LOW DOSAGE HYDRATE INHIBITIOR ON HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES
• DIFFUSION, INCORPORATION, AND SEGREGATION OF ANTIFREEZE GLYCOPROTEINS AT THE ICE/SOLUTION INTERFACE
• Subject Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Physics and Chemistry of Ice is an authoritative summary of state-of the-art research contributions from the world's leading scientists. A key selection of submissions from the 11th International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Ice, 2006 are presented here with a foreword by Werner F. Kuhs. An invaluable resource, this book provides researchers and professionals with up-to-date coverage on a wide range of areas in ice science including: * Spectroscopic and diffraction studies * Molecular dynamics simulations * Studies of Ice Mechanics * Quantum mechanical ab initio calculations * Ice and hydrate crystal growth and inhibition studies * Bulk and surface properties of ice and gas hydrates * Snow physics and chemistry This insight into topical aspects of ice research is a key point of reference for physicists, chemists, glaciologists, cryo-biologists and professionals working in the fields of ice and hydrogen bonding.
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• I. Stochastic variables II. Random events III. Stochastic processes IV. Markov processes V. The master equation VI. One-step processes VII. Chemical reactions VIII. The Fokker-Planck equation IX. The Langevin approach X. The expansion of the master equation XI. The diffusion type XII. First-passage problems XIII. Unstable systems XIV. Fluctuations in continuous systems XV. The statistics of jump events XVI. Stochastic differential equations XVII. Stochastic behavior of quantum systems.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The third edition of Van Kampen's standard work has been revised and updated. The main difference with the second edition is that the contrived application of the quantum master equation in section 6 of chapter XVII has been replaced with a satisfactory treatment of quantum fluctuations. Apart from that throughout the text corrections have been made and a number of references to later developments have been included. From the recent textbooks the following are the most relevant. C.W.Gardiner, Quantum Optics (Springer, Berlin 1991) D.T. Gillespie, Markov Processes (Academic Press, San Diego 1992) W.T. Coffey, Yu.P.Kalmykov, and J.T.Waldron, The Langevin Equation (2nd edition, World Scientific, 2004).
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Units and Fundamental Constants: 1.1 Units. 1.2 Fundamental physical constants.
• 2. General Physics: 2.1 Measurements of mass, pressure and other mechanical quantities. 2.2 Mechanical properties of materials. 2.3 Temperature and heat. 2.4 Acoustics. 2.5 Radiation and optics. 2.6 Electricity and magnetism. 2.7 Astronomy and geophysics.
• 3. Chemistry: 3.1 The elements. 3.2 Properties of inorganic compounds. 3.3 Properties of organic compounds. 3.4 Vapour pressures. 3.5 Critical constants and second virial coefficients of gases. 3.6 Properties of solutions. 3.7 Properties of chemical bonds. 3.8 Molecular spectroscopy. 3.9 Electrochemistry. 3.10 Chemical thermodynamics. 3.11 Miscellaneous data
• 4. Atomic and Nuclear Physics: 4.1 Electrons in atoms. 4.2 Absorption of photons. 4.3 Work function. 4.4 Free electron and ions in gases. 4.5 Absorption of particles and dosimetry. 4.6 Radioactive elements. 4.7 Nuclear fission and fusion and neutron interactions. 4.8 Nuclei and particles.
• 5. Miscellaneous engineering data.
• 6. Statistical methods for the treatment of experimental data.
• 7. Laboratory safety.
• 8. Introduction to quality assurance in measurement. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The Sixteenth Edition retains its position as the most up-to-date reference work available, providing a unique coverage of the whole range of physical and chemical data available, in a single volume. In addition to the latest available values and a wealth of new material, this edition features improved accessibility, simplified illustrations, key references, and most importantly, introductory text in each section, allowing the data to be quickly understood and used with ease.
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Imagine visiting a top-secret government lab, one that was a key site for the development of nuclear weapons and nuclear fusion technology in the twentieth century. Well, even in today's world of color-coded security levels, the doors of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California are open to you. And it's just one of the many surprising stops along the way in Duane S. Nickell's captivating new edition of the "Scientific Traveler" series, "Guidebook for the Scientific Traveler: Visiting Physics and Chemistry Sites across America". Are you in the mood for a trip to the Titan Missile Museum in Tucson? Want to spend some time at the Fermi National Accelerator Center near Chicago? Perhaps quench your thirst for knowledge and discovery at the Anheuser-Busch Brewery in St. Louis, where brewers are chemists at heart? Set your own pace. As an active participant or living room traveler, you'll be mesmerized as Nickell leads you on a tour of physics and chemistry sites. Written in an easy-to-read and accessible style, this comprehensive guide is a practical and fun way to promote scientific literacy. You'll meet some of the world's great physicists, engineers, and chemists as you turn pages filled with more than fifty photographs. Organized into chapters on individuals, places, and sites - from universities of science to national laboratories, particle accelerators to energy labs and beyond - Nickell illuminates the history of each topic and paints a panorama of stunning achievements in physics and chemistry. Whether you're traveling in California or Maine, or taking to the road in Texas or Illinois, Nickell helps complete your trip with a state-by-state list of monumental sites and resources. From the east coast to the west, north by northwest, or south in search of the Florida Solar Power Energy Center, you'll enjoy all your scientific travels with "Visiting Physics and Chemistry Sites across America".
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• Random Variables.- Sequence of Independent Variables.- Langevin equation.- Fokker-Planck Equation I.- Fokker-Planck Equation II.- Markov Chains.- Master Equation I.- Master Equation II.- Phase Transitions and Criticality.- Reactive Systems.- Glauber Model.- Systems with Inversion Symmetry.- Systems with Absorbing States.- Population Dynamics.- Probabilistic Cellular automata.- Reaction-Diffusion Processes.- Random Sequential Adsoprtion.- Percolation.
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This textbook presents an exposition of stochastic dynamics and irreversibility. It comprises the principles of probability theory and the stochastic dynamics in continuous spaces, described by Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations, and in discrete spaces, described by Markov chains and master equations. Special concern is given to the study of irreversibility, both in systems that evolve to equilibrium and in nonequilibrium stationary states. Attention is also given to the study of models displaying phase transitions and critical phenomena both in thermodynamic equilibrium and out of equilibrium. These models include the linear Glauber model, the Glauber-Ising model, lattice models with absorbing states such as the contact process and those used in population dynamic and spreading of epidemic, probabilistic cellular automata, reaction-diffusion processes, random sequential adsorption and dynamic percolation. A stochastic approach to chemical reaction is also presented.The textbook is intended for students of physics and chemistry and for those interested in stochastic dynamics. It provides, by means of examples and problems, a comprehensive and detailed explanation of the theory and its applications.
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• Fundamentals of Adsorption Equilibrium and Kinetics in Microporous Solids.- Measurement of Diffusion in Microporous Solids by Macroscopic Methods.- Diffusion Measurements by NMR Techniques.- Application of IR Spectroscopy, IR Microscopy, and Optical Interference Microscopy to Diffusion in Zeolites.- Investigation of Diffusion in Molecular Sieves by Neutron Scattering Techniques.- Frequency Response Measurements of Diffusion in Microporous Materials.- Positron Emission Profiling: a Study of Hydrocarbon Diffusivity in MFI Zeolites.- Single-File Diffusion in Zeolites.
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"Molecular Sieves - Science and Technology" covers, in a comprehensive manner, the science and technology of zeolites and all related microporous and mesoporous materials. Authored by renowned experts, the contributions to this handbook-like series are grouped together topically in such a way that each volume deals with a specific sub-field. Volume 7 is treating fundamentals and analyses of adsorption and diffusion in zeolites including single-file diffusion, i.e. phenomena of basic importance, especially with respect to separation processes and catalysis. Various methods of measuring adsorption and diffusion are described and discussed, i.e. techniques such as chromatographic, gravimetric and barometric uptake and desorption, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, interference microscopy, neutron scattering, frequency response as well as proton profiling.
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• Atomic Confinement.- Correlation Studies of Two Active-Atomic-Electron Ionization Processes in Free Atoms.- Coherent Electron Impact Excitation of Atoms.- Electron and Photon Impact Studies of CF3I.- Time Delays and Cold Collisons.- Relativistic Basis Set Methods.- Inner Shell Electron Impact Ionization of Multi-Charged Ions.- A Study of Iterative Methods for Integro-Differential Equations of Electron-Atom Scattering.- Relaxation by Collisions with Hydrogen Atoms: Polarization of Spectral Lines.- Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy of Trifluoromethyl Sulphur Pentafluoride.- The Use of the Magnetic Angle Changer in Electron Spectroscopy.- Mechanisms of Photo Double Ionization of Helium by 530 eV Photons.- Exchange Effects in the Outer Shell Ionisation of Xenon.- Ionization of Atoms by Antiproton Impact.- High resolution electron interaction studies with atoms, molecules, biomolecules and clusters.- Electron Driven Processes.- Quantum Time Entanglement of Electrons.- Analytic Continuation: Continuum Distorted Waves.- Electron Impact Ionization of Atoms with Two Active Target Electrons.- Electron Collisions with Aggregated Matter.- Rotational and Vibrational Excitation in Electron-Molecule Scattering.- Interactions Between Electrons and Highly Charged Iron Ions.- An Investigation of the Two Outermost Orbitals of Glyoxal and Biacetyl by Electron Momentum Spectroscopy.- Electron Scattering from Nuclei.- Electron Scattering and Hydronamic Effects in Ionized Gases.- Testing the Limits of the Single Particle Model in 16O(E, E'P).- (?, 2E) and (E, 2E) Using a 2-Electron $$\mathcal{R}$$ -Operator Formalism.- Laboratory Synthesis of Astrophysical Molecules.
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There is a unity to physics; it is a discipline which provides the most fundamental understanding of the dynamics of matter and energy. To understand anything about a physical system you have to interact with it and one of the best ways to learn something is to use electrons as probes. This book is the result of a meeting, which took place in Magdalene College Cambridge in December 2001. Atomic, nuclear, cluster, soHd state, chemical and even bio- physicists got together to consider scattering electrons to explore matter in all its forms. Theory and experiment were represented in about equal measure. It was meeting marked by the most lively of discussions and the free exchange of ideas. We all learnt a lot. The Editors are grateful to EPSRC through its Collaborative Computational Project program (CCP2), lOPP, the Division of Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics (DAMOPP) and the Atomic Molecular Interactions group (AMIG) of the Institute of Physics for financial support. The smooth running of the meeting was enormously facilitated by the efficiency and helpfulness of the staff of Magdalene College, for which we are extremely grateful. This meeting marked the end for one of us (CTW) of a ten-year period as a fellow of the College and he would like to take this opportunity to thank the fellows and staff for the privilege of working with them.
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• Theory and Experiment -- why we need TDDFT. Short-Pulse Physics / Franck Lépine
• Spectroscopy in the Frequency Domain / Simo Huotari
• The Microscopic Description of a Macroscopic Experiment / Silvana Botti, Matteo Gatti
• Basic theory. Introduction to TDDFT / Eberhard K.U. Gross, Neepa T. Maitra
• Exact Conditions and Their Relevance in TDDFT / Lucas O. Wagner, Zeng-hui Yang, Kieron Burke
• Orbital Functionals / Stephan Kümmel
• Response Functions in TDDFT: Concepts and Implementation / David A. Strubbe, Lauri Lehtovaara, Angel Rubio, Miguel A.L. Marques, Steven G. Louie
• Memory: History, Initial-State Dependence, and Double-Excitations / Neepa T. Maitra
• Advanced concepts. Beyond the Runge-Gross Theorem / Michael Ruggenthaler, Robert van Leeuwen
• Open Quantum Systems: Density Matrix Formalism and Applications / David G. Tempel, Joel Yuen-Zhou, Alán Aspuru-Guzik
• Open Quantum Systems: A Stochastic Perspective / Heiko Appel
• Multicomponent Density-Functional Theory / Robert van Leeuwen, Eberhard K.U. Gross
• Quantum Optimal Control / Alberto Castro, Eberhard K.U. Gross
• Real-time dynamics. Non-Born-Oppenheimer Dynamics and Conical Intersections / Mark E. Casida, Bhaarathi Natarajan, Thierry Deutsch
• On the Combination of TDDFT with Molecular Dynamics: New Developments / José L. Alonso, Alberto Castro, Pablo Echenique, Angel Rubio
• Excited-State Properties and Dynamics / Dmitrij Rappoport, Jürg Hutter
• Electronic Transport / Stefan Kurth
• Atoms and Molecules in Strong Laser Fields / Carsten A. Ullrich, André D. Bandrauk
• Numerical aspects. The Liouville-Lanczos Approach to Time-Dependent Density-Functional (Perturbation) Theory / Stefano Baroni, Ralph Gebauer
• The Projector Augmented Wave Method / Lauri Lehtovaara
• Harnessing the Power of Graphic Processing Units / Xavier Andrade, Luigi Genovese
• TDDFT vs other theoretical techniques. Dispersion (van der Waals) Forces and TDDFT / John F. Dobson
• Nonlocal Van Der Waals Density Functionals Based on Local Response Models / Oleg A. Vydrov, Troy Van Voorhis
• Time-Dependent Current Density Functional Theory / Giovanni Vignale
• Time-Dependent Deformation Functional Theory / Ilya V. Tokatly
• Time-Dependent Reduced Density Matrix Functional Theory / Klaas J.H. Giesbertz, Oleg V. Gritsenko, Evert Jan Baerends.

There have been many significant advances in time-dependent density functional theory over recent years, both in enlightening the fundamental theoretical basis of the theory, as well as in computational algorithms and applications. This book, as successor to the highly successful volume Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (Lect. Notes Phys. 706, 2006) brings together for the first time all recent developments in a systematic and coherent way. First, a thorough pedagogical presentation of the fundamental theory is given, clarifying aspects of the original proofs and theorems, as well as presenting fresh developments that extend the theory into new realms-such as alternative proofs of the original Runge-Gross theorem, open quantum systems, and dispersion forces to name but a few. Next, all of the basic concepts are introduced sequentially and building in complexity, eventually reaching the level of open problems of interest. Contemporary applications of the theory are discussed, from real-time coupled-electron-ion dynamics, to excited-state dynamics and molecular transport. Last but not least, the authors introduce and review recent advances in computational implementation, including massively parallel architectures and graphical processing units. Special care has been taken in editing this volume as a multi-author textbook, following a coherent line of thought, and making all the relevant connections between chapters and concepts consistent throughout. As such it will prove to be the text of reference in this field, both for beginners as well as expert researchers and lecturers teaching advanced quantum mechanical methods to model complex physical systems, from molecules to nanostructures, from biocomplexes to surfaces, solids and liquids. From the reviews of LNP 706: "This is a well structured text, with a common set of notations and a single comprehensive and up-to-date list of references, rather than just a compilation of research articles. Because of its clear organization, the book can be used by novices (basic knowledge of ground-state DFT is assumed) and experienced users of TD-DFT, as well as developers in the field." (Anna I. Krylov, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 129 (21), 2007) "This book is a treasure of knowledge and I highly recommend it. Although it is a compilation of chapters written by many different leading researchers involved in development and application of TDDFT, the contributors have taken great care to make sure the book is pedagogically sound and the chapters complement each other [...]. It is highly accessible to any graduate student of chemistry or physics with a solid grounding in many-particle quantum mechanics, wishing to understand both the fundamental theory as well as the exponentially growing number of applications. [...] In any case, no matter what your background is, it is a must-read and an excellent reference to have on your shelf." Amazon.com, October 15, 2008, David Tempel (Cambridge, MA).
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• General properties of matter: Matter; Mass and weight; Volume and density
• Physical and chemical changes: Phases of matter; Phase changes; Chemical properties and changes
• Mixtures, elements, and compounds: Classes of matter; Mixtures; Elements; Compounds
• Atoms, building blocks of matter: Atomic model of matter; Structure of the atom; Forces within the atom
• Classification of elements, the periodic table: Arranging the elements; Design of the periodic table; Chemical families; Periodic properties of the elements
• Science gazette.

NSA is a comprehensive collection of international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976, pre-dating the prestigious INIS database, which began in 1970. NSA existed as a printed product (Volumes 1-33) initially, created by DOE's predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). NSA includes citations to scientific and technical reports from the AEC, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, plus other agencies and international organizations, universities, and industrial and research organizations. References to books, conference proceedings, papers, patents, dissertations, engineering drawings, and journal articles from worldwide sources are also included. Abstracts and full text are provided if available.

A keyword index for the user of the Landolt-Boernstein data collection. This collection is a systematic and comprehensive collection of critically assessed data from all fields of physics and related fields, such as physical chemistry, biophysics, geophysics, astronomy, material science and technology. It also includes a bibliography of the individual volumes of the 6th ed. and of the New Series and a list of contents for each volume.