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"Native American Roots: Relationality and Indigenous Regeneration Under Empire, 1770-1859 explores the development of modern Indigenous identities within the settler colonial context of the early United States. With an aggressively expanding United States that sought to displace Native peoples, the very foundations of Indigeneity were endangered by the disruption of Native connections to the land. This volume describes how Natives embedded conceptualizations integral to Indigenous ontologies into social and cultural institutions like racial ideologies, black slaveholding, and Christianity that they incorporated from the settler society. This process became one vital avenue through which various Native peoples were able to regenerate Indigeneity within environments dominated by a settler society. The author offers case studies of four different tribes to illustrate how Native thought processes, not just cultural and political processes, helped Natives redefine the parameters of Indigeneity. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of early American history, indigenous and ethnic studies, American historiography, and anthropology"-- Provided by publisher.

• Chauncey Yellow Robe calls it degrading, demoralizing, and degenerating
• The 1491s establish themselves in their underwear
• Every adult in vaudeville was a fraud, but the kids are alright
• Adrianne Chalepah gets kicked out of school for correcting her history teacher
• The grandfather of Will Rogers is murdered in a vengeance killing
• Jonny Roberts is nervous in San Berdoo
• Will Rogers learns rope tricks from a former slave and becomes a huge star
• Jackie Curtiss breaks Ed Sullivan's foot
• Will Rogers uses the n-word and tells everyone to get over it
• Dakota Ray Herbert doesn't bomb as hard as she should have
• Jim Thorpe tells Hollywood he's sick of their bullshit
• Joey Clift prefers the Upright Citizens Brigade to meteorology
• Will Rogers Jr. Wrestles his father's shadow
• Charlie Hill orders a ventriloquist dummy
• Brian Bahe goes onstage twelve times a week
• Davy Crockett brainshwashes the kids
• Lucas Brown eyes sells a sitcom pilot
• Charlie Hill gets inspired by Bob Newhart and other political radicals
• Everyone is shocked to read the news about the Kiowa sensation of the Las Vegas strip
• Charlie Hill can't stop farting
• The title of F-Troop represents the f-word
• Williams and Ree perform for thirteen people at the Holiday Inn
• Charlie Hill and the bearded comedian in his rusty, red truck
• Williams and Ree are desperate to get on Carson
• Charlie Hill asks Barney Miller to free Leonard Peltier
• Jackie Keliiaa thinks, "Holy shit, this is amazing."
• Someone calls the cops on the 1491s
• Charlie Hill remembers the swimming number with Joe Namath
• Larry Omaha investigaties a foul-mouthed parrot
• Terry Ree becomes the first (and last) Native comedian on Hee-Haw
• Ryan Mcmahon has a life changing experience in Winnipeg (of all places)
• Charlie Hill isn't offered anything but crap
• The 1491s reluctantly agree to do a Shakespeare festival
• Sierra Ornelas sells sitcoms the way she sold jewelry at the Santa Fe Indian Market
• Vincent Craig performs on the back of a flatbed truck in rural Arizona
• Isiah Yazzie does improv for an empty room in Shiprock
• Howie Miller does impressions. Do you guys like impressions?
• Everyone has their beef with Don Burnstick
• Marc Yaffee gets weirded out by his own mother
• Jonny Roberts quits his job
• Adrianne Chalepah meets Larry Charles in Minnesota
• Elaine Miles assumes she was the first Native woman stand-up
• Dallas Goldtooth rides his bicycle through Standing Rock
• While Sterlin Harjo mocks the hippies
• Friendly Canadians send death threats to Williams and Ree
• Ralphie May feuds with Adrianne Chalepah and then changes his mind
• Charlie Hill phones Mitzi Shore to say goodbye
• The 1491s get a standing ovation in a small Oregon town
• Jonny Roberts is stunned to see the literal writing on the wall.

"From renowned comedy journalist and historian Kliph Nesteroff comes the underappreciated story of Native Americans and comedy"-- Provided by publisher.
Comedy historian Kliph Nesteroff focuses on one of comedy's most significant and little-known stories: how, despite having been denied representation in the entertainment industry, Native Americans have influenced and advanced the art form. Profiles important events and humorists from the 1880s to the present.

• Part I. The Repopulation of Ohio in the 18th Century
• The Beaver Wars or Iroquois Wars (c. 1628-c. 1677)
• The Wyandot and Miami Migration into Ohio
• The Shawnee Migration into Ohio
• The Lenape (Delaware) Migration into Ohio
• The Mingo Migration into Ohio
• The Ohio Thoroughfares
• Part II. Towns, Villages and Posts of 18th-Century Ohio
• The Moravian Mission Communities of Ohio
• Towns and Posts of Northeast Ohio
• Towns and Posts of Southeast Ohio
• Towns and Posts of Northwest Ohio
• Towns and Posts of Southwest Ohio

In the mid-seventeenth century, the Iroquois Confederacy launched a war for control of the burgeoning fur trade industry. These conflicts, known as the Beaver Wars, were among the bloodiest in North American history, and the resulting defeat of the Erie nation led to present-day Ohio becoming devoid of Indian inhabitants. Only in the first quarter of the eighteenth century did tribes begin to tentatively resettle the area. This book details the story of the Beaver Wars, the subsequent Indian migrations into present Ohio, the locations and descriptions of documented Indian trails and settlements, the Moravian Indian mission communities in Ohio, and the Indians' forlorn struggles to preserve an Ohio homeland, culminating in their expulsion by Andrew Jackson's Indian Removal Act in 1830.
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"On March 8, 1782, a group of western settlers killed nearly one hundred unarmed and peaceful Indians who had converted to Christianity under the tutelage of missionaries from the Church of the United Brethren. The murders were cold-blooded and heartless; roughly two-thirds of those executed were women and children. Its brutality stunned Benjamin Franklin in far-away France. He wrote: "the abominable Murders committed by some of the frontier People on the poor Moravian Indians, has given me infinite Pain and Vexation. The Dispensations of Providence in this World puzzle my weak Reason. I cannot comprehend why cruel Men should have been permitted thus to destroy their Fellow Creatures." Since that maelstrom of violence struck the small Indian village of Gnadenhutten, history has treated the episode as a simple morality tale. While there were ample incidents of good and evil on March 8, that summation does not explain what brought murderers and victims together on the banks of the Muskingum River in today's Ohio. It was actually the culmination of a series of events among different Indian tribes, the British, Congressional authorities at Pittsburgh, the Pennsylvania militia, and key individuals, all of which are lost in contemporary explanations of the massacre. Anatomy of a Massacre: The Destruction of Gnadenhutten, 1782 fills that void by examining the political maneuvering among white settlers, Continental officials, British officers, western Indian tribes, missionaries, and the Indians practicing Christianity that culminated in the massacre. Uniquely, it follows the developing story from each perspective, using first-person accounts from each group to understand how they saw and experienced the changes on the American frontier. Along the way it profiles some of the key individuals responsible for the way the war unfolded. It is a fresh look at an often mentioned, but seldom understood, episode in the American Revolution." -Provided by publisher.

• Mississippian communities in the Northern Yazoo Basin
• Ceramics, chronology, and community
• Ceramics and foodways at Parchman Place
• Mound building at Parchman Place
• Spatial practice at Parchman Place
• The Mississippian community at Parchman Place

This book is the first detailed investigation of the important archaeological site of Parchman Place in the Yazoo Basin, a defining area for understanding the Mississippian culture that spanned much of what is now the United States Southeast and Midwest before the mid-sixteenth century. Refining the widely accepted theory that this society was strongly hierarchical, Erin Nelson provides data that suggest communities navigated tensions between authority and autonomy in their placemaking and in their daily lives. Drawing on archaeological evidence from foodways, monumental and domestic architecture, and the organization of communal space at the site, Nelson argues that Mississippian people negotiated contradictory ideas about what it meant to belong to a community. For example, although they clearly had powerful leaders, communities built mounds and other structures in ways that re-created their views of the cosmos, expressing values of wholeness and balance. Nelson's findings shed light on the inner workings of Mississippian communities and other hierarchical societies of the period.A volume in the Florida Museum of Natural History: Ripley P. Bullen Series.
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• From Preacher to Indian Reformer, 1863-1883
• First Investigative Tour, 1884-1885
• First Visit to Mission Indian Villages, 1885-1886
• The Dawes Act and a Return to the Indian Territory and California, 1887
• Defending an Agent, the Dakota Scouts, and a Quaker Educator, 1888
• Opposing Ute Removal and Seeking a Home for the Apaches, 1889-1890
• The California Mission Indian Commission, 1891
• Defending Indian Education and Stockbridge Enrollment, 1892-1893
• The Apache Prisoners and the Florida Seminoles, 1893-1894

Charles Cornelius Coffin Painter (1833-89), clergyman turned reformer, was one of the foremost advocates and activists in the late-nineteenth-century movement to reform U.S. Indian policy. Very few individuals possessed the influence Painter wielded in the movement, and Painter himself published numerous pamphlets for the Indian Rights Association (IRA) on the Southern Utes, Eastern Cherokees, California Indians, and other Native peoples. Yet this is the first book to fully consider his unique role and substantial contribution. Born in Virginia, Painter spent most of his life in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, commuting to New York City and Washington, D.C., initially as an agent of the American Missionary Association (AMA), later as an appointed member of the Board of Indian Commissions (BIC), and most significant, as the Indian Rights Association's D.C. agent. In these capacities he lobbied presidents and Congress for reform, conducted extensive investigations on reservations, and shaped deliberations in such reform bodies as the BIC and the influential Lake Mohonk conferences. Mining an extraordinary wealth of archival material, Valerie Sherer Mathes crafts a compelling account of Painter as a skilled negotiator with Indians and policymakers and as a tireless investigator who traveled to far-flung reservations, corresponded with countless Indian agents, and drafted scrupulously researched reports on his findings. Recounted in detail, his many adventures and behind-the-scenes activities - promoting education, striving to prevent the removal of the Southern Utes from Colorado, investigating reservation fraud, working to save the Piegans of Montana from starvation - afford a clear picture of Painter's importance to the overall reform effort to incorporate Native Americans into the fabric of American life. No other book so effectively captures the day-to-day and exhausting work of a single individual on the front lines of reform. Like most of his fellow advocates, Painter was an unapologetic assimilationist, a man of his times whose story is a key chapter in the history of the Indian reform movement.
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A brutally honest but charming look at the pain of childhood and the alienation and anxiety of early adulthood. In his memoir, we are invited to walk through the life of the author, Jim Terry, as he struggles to find security and comfort in an often hostile environment. Between the Ho-Chunk community of his Native American family in Wisconsin and his schoolmates in the Chicago suburbs, he tries in vain to fit in and eventually turns to alcohol to provide an escape from increasing loneliness and alienation. Terry also shares with the reader in exquisite detail the process by which he finds hope and gets sober, as well as the powerful experience of finding something to believe in and to belong to at the Dakota Access Pipeline resistance at Standing Rock.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Although federal Indian policies are largely determined by Congress and the executive branch, it is the commissioner and assistant secretary of Indian Affairs who must implement them. Over the past two centuries, the overarching goals of federal Indian policy have been the social and political integration and assimilation of Native Americans and the extinguishment of aboriginal title to Indian lands. These goals have been woven into policies of emigration, assimilation, acculturation, termination, reservations, and consumerism, shifting under the influence of a changing national moral compass. Indian Affairs commissioners have and continue to hold an enormous power to dictate how these policies affect the fate of Indians and their lands, a power that David H. DeJong shows has been used and misused in different ways through the years. By examining the work of the Indian affairs commissioners and their assistant secretaries, DeJong gives new insight into how federal Indian policy has evolved and been shaped by the social, political, and cultural winds of the day.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• On a mission
• Possessed by passions
• Never say never
• A temple in the pines
• A round town
• Calling cards of a conquistador
• A Big Bend province
• Elusive closure
• Making meaning
• Appendix: Description of a proposed modification to Soto's route between Capachequi and Cofaqui

The focus of Conquistador's Wake is a decade-long archaeological project undertaken at a place now known as the Glass Site, located in Telfair County, Georgia. This spot, near the town of McRae, Georgia, offers clues that place Hernando de Soto in Georgia via a different route than previously thought by historians and archaeologists. Rare glass beads-some of the only examples found outside Florida-are among the rich body of evidence signaling Spanish interaction with the Native Americans along the Ocmulgee River. An unusual number and variety of metal and glass artifacts, identified by their distinct patterns and limited production, are the "calling cards" of Soto and other early explorers. As a meditation on both the production of knowledge and the implications of findings at the Glass Site, Conquistador's Wake challenges conventional wisdom surrounding the path of Soto through Georgia and casts new light on the nature of Native American societies then residing in southern Georgia. It also provides an insider's view of how archaeology works and why it matters. Through his research, Dennis Blanton sets out to explain the outcome of one of Georgia's, and the region's, most important archaeological projects of recent years. He tells at the same time a highly personal story, from the perspective of the lead archaeologist, about the realities of the research process, from initial problem formulation to the demands of fieldwork, the collaborative process, data interpretation, and scholarly tribalism.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgments Introduction
• 1. Carden Bottoms: Indigenous Responses to Europeans on the Far Reaches of the Mississippian Shatter - George Sabo III, Jerry E. Hilliard, Leslie C. Walker, Jami J. Lockhart, Ann M. Early, and Rebecca L. F. Wiewel
• 2. The Early Contact Period in the Black Prairie of Northeast Mississippi - Edmond A. Boudreaux, III, Charles R. Cobb, Emily Clark, Chester B. DePratter, James Legg, Brad R. Lieb, Allison M. Smith, and Steven D. Smith
• 3. Oliver and Orchard Thumbnail Scrapers, a Technological and Source-Area Analysis - Jay K. Johnson and Ryan M. Parish
• 4. Tracking an Entrada by Comparative Analysis of sixteenth-Century Archaeological Assemblages from the Southeast - Dennis B. Blanton
• 5. Spanish Florida and the Southeastern Indians, 1513-1650 - John E. Worth
• 6. New Frontier, Old Frontier - Ramie A. Gougeon
• 7. Avoidance Strategies of a Displaced Post-Mississippian Society on the Northern Gulf Coast, circa 1710 - Gregory A. Waselkov and Philip J. Carr
• 8. An Arc of Interaction, a Flow of People, and Emergent Identity: Early Contact period Archaeology and Early European Interactions in the Middle Nolichucky Valley of Upper East Tennessee - Nathan K. Shreve, Jay D. Franklin, Eileen G. Ernenwein, Maureen A. Hays, and Ilaria Patania
• 9. From the Coast to the Mountains: Marine Shell Artifacts at Cherokee Towns in the Southern Appalachians -Christopher B. Rodning
• 10. Life at the Frontier of the sixteenth-seventeenth Century World Economy: Fort Ancient Hide Production at the Hardin Site, Greenup County, Kentucky - Matthew Davidson
• 11. The Seventeenth-Century Native-Colonial Borderlands of Savannah River Valley -Maureen Meyers
• 12. Yamasee Mobility: Responding to European Colonization through Old and New Strategies - Denise I. Bossy
• 13. Differential Responses Across the Southeast to European Incursions: A Conclusion -Robbie Ethridge Bibliography Index Contributors.
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The years 1500-1700 AD were a time of dramatic change for the indigenous inhabitants of southeastern North America, yet Native histories during this era have been difficult to reconstruct due to a scarcity of written records before the eighteenth century. Using archaeology to enhance our knowledge of the period, Contact, Colonialism, and Native Communities in the Southeastern United States presents new research on the ways Native societies responded to early contact with Europeans.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• General introduction. Daniel Gookin and his advocacy of praying Indians during King Philip's War
• Central primary source document. Daniel Gookin, An historical account of the doings and sufferings of the Christian Indians in New England in the years 1675, 1676, 1677
• Ancillary primary source documents. Superintendent of the praying Indians ; War and internal conflict ; Scant mercy

"This volume presents a valuable collection of annotated primary documents published during King Philip's War (1675-76), a conflict that pitted English colonists against many native peoples of southern New England, to reveal the real-life experiences of early Americans. Louise Breen's detailed introduction to Daniel Gookin and the War, combined with interpretations of the accompanying ancillary documents, offers a set of unpublished archival documents that illustrate the distrust and mistreatment heaped upon praying (Christian) Indians. The book begins with an informative annotation of Historical Account of the Doings and Sufferings of the Christian Indians in New England, in the Years 1675, 1675, and 1677, written by Gookin, a magistrate and military leader who defended Massachusetts' praying Indians, to expose atrocities committed against natives and the experiences of specific individuals and towns during the war. Developments in societal, and particularly religious, inclusivity in Puritan New England during this period of colonial conflict are thoroughly explored through Breen's analysis. The book offers students primary sources that are pertinent to survey history courses on Early Americans and Colonial History, as well as providing instructors with documents that serve as concrete examples to illustrate broad societal changes that occurred during the 17th century"-- Provided by publisher

• Introduction: Lake Huron, 1836
• Mississippi River, 1812-1823: Prairie du Chien
• Lake Huron, 1823-1837: Drummond Island, Mackinac Island, Coldwater
• Mississippi River, 1837-1853: Grey Cloud Island, Kap'oja
• Minnesota River, 1853-1860: Yellow Medicine Agency, Redwood Agency
• Minnesota River, 1860-August 17,
• 1862: Beaver Creek, Redwood Agency
• Minnesota River, August 18-August 26,
• 1862: Redwood Agency, Beaver Creek, Yellow Medicine Agency, Little Crow's Camp
• Minnesota River, August 26-October 5,
• 1862: Yellow Medicine, Camp Release
• Minnesota River, October 6-November 4,
• 1862: Camp Release, Redwood Agency
• Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, 1862-1866: Fort Snelling, Crow Creek
• Cannon and Straight Rivers, 1862-1868: Faribault
• Minnesota River and Lake Traverse, 1868-1904: Lake Traverse Reservation and Beaver Falls
• Epilogue
• Appendix 1: Daybreak Woman's family ;
• 2: The Santee Dakota and the fur trade: women in nineteenth-century Dakota culture ;
• 3: Anglo-Dakota daughters in nineteenth-century Minnesota.

A woman's remarkable life provides a new perspective on a century of turbulent change.
Daybreak Woman, (also known as Jane Anderson Robertson), the daughter of an Anglo-Canadian trader and a Scots-Dakota woman, was born at a trading post on the Minnesota River in 1810. When she died in 1904, after having lived in the region all those years, she had witnessed seismic changes, survived cataclysmic events, and, with her children, endured to rebuild lives as Anglo-Dakota people in an anti-Indian world.--From back cover.

• Prologue: 1882
• Reform
• Models
• System
• Institution
• Classroom
• Rituals
• Resistance
• Accommodation
• Home
• Policy

The last 'Indian War' was fought against Native American children in the dormitories and classrooms of government boarding schools. Only by removing Indian children from their homes for extended periods of time, policymakers reasoned, could white "civilization" take root while childhood memories of 'savagism' gradually faded to the point of extinction. In the words of one official: 'Kill the Indian and save the man.' This fully revised edition of Education for Extinction offers the only comprehensive account of this dispiriting effort, and incorporates the last twenty-five years of scholarship. Much more than a study of federal Indian policy, this book vividly details the day-to-day experiences of Indian youth living in a 'total institution' designed to reconstruct them both psychologically and culturally. The assault on identity came in many forms: the shearing off of braids, the assignment of new names, uniformed drill routines, humiliating punishments, relentless attacks on native religious beliefs, patriotic indoctrinations, suppression of tribal languages, Victorian gender rituals, football contests, and industrial training. Especially poignant is Adams's description of the ways in which students resisted or accommodated themselves to forced assimilation. Many converted to varying degrees, but others plotted escapes, committed arson, and devised ingenious strategies of passive resistance. Adams also argues that many of those who seemingly cooperated with the system were more than passive players in this drama, that the response of accommodation was not synonymous with cultural surrender. This is especially apparent in his analysis of students who returned to the reservation. He reveals the various ways in which graduates struggled to make sense of their lives and selectively drew upon their school experience in negotiating personal and tribal survival in a world increasingly dominated by white men. The discussion comes full circle when Adams reviews the government's gradual retreat from the assimilationist vision. Partly because of persistent student resistance, but also partly because of a complex and sometimes contradictory set of progressive, humanitarian, and racist motivations, policymakers did eventually come to view boarding schools less enthusiastically. Based upon extensive use of government archives, Indian and teacher autobiographies, and school newspapers, Adams's moving account is essential reading for scholars and general readers alike interested in Western history, Native American studies, American race relations, education history, and multiculturalism.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• List of illustrations
• Foreward / Albert L. Hurtado
• Introduction / Still working in the field : the WNIA and gender history / Jane Simonsen
• Part 1. New interpretations / Chapter 1. From Indian territory to Philidelphia : a critical reexamination of the origins and early history of the Women's National Indian Association, 1877-1881 / John M. Rhea
• Chapter 2. Two Marys and a Martha : three Massachusetts Women and Indian reform in the 1880s / Curtis M. Hinsley
• Part 2. The national scene / Chapter 3. a place at the table : the Women's National Indian Association in the Indian Reform Arena / Valerie Sherer Mathes
• Part 3. the influence of Helen Hunt Jackson / Chapter 4. Her soul is marching on : Hlen Hunt Jackson's followers in the Indian reform movement / Phil Brigandi
• Chapter 5. In the shadow of Ramona : Frances Campbell Sparhawk and the fiction of reform / David Wallace Adams
• Part 4. From Philidelphia to Northern California : coast to coast reform Chapter 6. Mary Lucinda Bonney Rambaut : educator and Indian reformer / Valerie Sherer Mathes
• Chapter 7. C.E. Kelsey and California's landless Indians / Valerie Sherer Mathes
• Part 5. Indian women and self-determination / Chapter 8. "Your Indian friend" : Indigenous women and strategic alliances with the WNIA / Jane Simonsen
• Conclusion. "Indians can be educated" : the WNIA at the 1893 World's Colombian Exposition / Lori Jacobson
• Appendix. WNIA missionary stations / Valerie Sherer Mathes
• Bibliography
• Contributors
• Index

Founded in the late nineteenth century, the Women's National Indian Association was one of several reform associations that worked to implement the government's assimilation policy directed at Native peoples. The women of the WNIA combined political action with efforts to improve health and home life and spread Christianity on often remote reservations. During its more than seventy-year history, the WNIA established over sixty missionary sites in which they provided Native peoples with home-building loans, founded schools, built missionary cottages and chapels, and worked toward the realization of reservation hospitals. Gender, Race, and Power in the Indian Reform Movement reveals the complicated intersections of gender, race, and identity at the heart of Indian reform. This collection of essays offers a new interpretation of the WNIA's founding, argues that the WNIA provided opportunities for indigenous women, creates a new space in the public sphere for white women, and reveals the WNIA's role in broader national debates centered on Indian land rights and the political power of Christian reform.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• List of Figures Preface and Acknowledgments A Note on the Figures Prologue
• 1. Introducing Helen Post
• 2. Creating a Read-and-See Book
• 3. Peopling Post's Pictures
• 4. Photographing a New Deal for the Indians Conclusion Notes Photograph and Figure Credits Index.
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The Grass Shall Grow is a succinct introduction to the work and world of Helen M. Post (1907-79), who took thousands of photographs of Native Americans. Although Post has been largely forgotten and even in her heyday never achieved the fame of her sister, Farm Security Administration photographer Marion Post Wolcott, Helen Post was a talented photographer who worked on Indian reservations throughout the West and captured images that are both striking and informative. Post produced the pictures for the novelist Oliver La Farge's nonfiction book As Long As the Grass Shall Grow (1940), among other publications, and her output constitutes a powerful representation of Native American life at that time. Mick Gidley recounts Post's career, from her coming of age in the turbulent 1930s to her training in Vienna and her work for the U.S. Indian Service, tracking the arc of her professional reputation. He treats her interactions with public figures, including La Farge and editor Edwin Rosskam, and describes her relationships with Native Americans, whether noted craftspeople such as the Sioux quilter Nellie Star Boy Menard, tribal leaders such as Crow superintendent Robert Yellowtail, or ordinary individuals like the people she photographed at work in the fields or laboring for federal projects, at school or in the hospital, cooking or dancing. The images reproduced here are analyzed both for their own sake and in order to understand their connection to broader national concerns, including the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act. The thoroughly researched and accessibly written text represents a serious reappraisal of a neglected artist. .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Biographical sketches
• American Indian Magazine
• Articles and speeches
• National Council of American Indians
• Congressional statements

Zitkala-Sa, also known as Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, was born on the Yankton Sioux reservation in 1876 and went on to become one of the most influential American Indian writer/activists of the twentieth century. "Help Indians Help Themselves": The Later Writings of Gertrude Simmons Bonnin (Zitkala-Sa) is a critical collection of primary documents written by Bonnin who was principally known for the memoir of her boarding school experience, "Help Indians Help Themselves" expands the published work of Zitkala-Sa, adding insight to a life of writing and political activism on behalf of American Indians in the early twentieth century. Edited by P. Jane Hafen, "Help Indians Help Themselves" documents Bonnin's passion for justice in Indian America and outlines the broad scope of her life's work. In the American Indian Magazine, the publication of the Society of American Indians, and through her work for the National Council of American Indians, Bonnin developed her emphasis, as Hafen writes, on "resistance, tribal nationalism, land rights and call for civil rights." "Help Indians Help Themselves" also brings to light Bonnin's letters, speeches, and congressional testimony, which coincide with important developments of the relationship between American Indians and the U.S. federal government. Legislation such as the Citizenship Act of 1924, the Meriam Report of 1928, and the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 is reflected through the work collected in "Help Indians Help Themselves". In these writings, in newsletters, and in voluminous correspondence-most of which have never before been published-Bonnin advocates tirelessly for "the Indian Cause.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction: The Historical Turn in Southeastern Archaeology / Robbie Ethridge, Robin Beck, and Eric E. Bowne
• Deep Time on the Eternal River: Toward an Archaic Historicity of the St. Johns River / Asa R. Randall
• From Small Histories to Big History on the Woodland Period Gulf Coast / Thomas J. Pluckhahn, Neill J. Wallis, and Victor D. Thompson
• Histories of Greater Cahokian Assemblages / Susan M. Alt
• Becoming and Descending: Examining the Historical-Processual Continuum in American Archaeology along a Mississippian Periphery / Robert A. Cook
• An Archaeology of Native American Placemaking in the Southern Appalachians / Christopher B. Rodning and Lynne P. Sullivan
• Centering the Margins of "History": Reading Material Narratives of Southeastern Indian Identity along the Edges of the Colonial Southeast (ca. 1650-1720) / Jon Bernard Marcoux
• "History," "Prehistory," and Landscapes of Practice / John E. Worth
• Afterword: Continuing the Historical Turn in Southeastern Archaeology / Kenneth E. Sassaman and Timothy R. Pauketat

This volume uses case studies to capture the recent emphasis on history in archaeological reconstructions of America's deep past. Previously, archaeologists studying "prehistoric" America focused on long-term evolutionary change, imagining ancient societies like living organisms slowly adapting to environmental challenges. Contributors to this volume demonstrate how today's researchers are incorporating a new awareness that the precolonial era was also shaped by people responding to historical trends and forces. Essays in this volume delve into sites across what is now the United States Southeast-the St. Johns River Valley, the Gulf Coast, Greater Cahokia, Fort Ancient, the southern Appalachians, and the Savannah River Valley. Prominent scholars of the region highlight the complex interplay of events, human decision-making, movements, and structural elements that combined to shape native societies. The research in this volume represents a profound shift in thinking about precolonial and colonial history and begins to erase the false divide between ancient and contemporary America.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• It Is an Outrage
• Blood on the Snow
• I Am a Man
• The Ponca Commission
• Crook House
• Cowboys and Indians
• Investing in the Future
• Return to Apacheria
• There Is Not Now a Hostile Apache in Arizona
• Preparations for a Campaign
• Into the Sierra Madre
• Geronimo-Hunter and Prey
• Fire in My Rear
• Settling Down the Chiricahuas
• Move to Turkey Creek
• More Fire from the Rear
• Breakout
• Pursuit into Mexico
• A Tragic Loss
• Cañon de los Embudos
• Too Wedded to My Views
• Changing of the Guard
• Campaigning for Indian Rights
• Omaha Sojourn
• Chicago
• The Sioux Commission
• End of Days
• Summing Up

Over the course of his military career, George Crook developed empathy and admiration for American Indians both as foes and as allies. As Paul Magid has demonstrated in the previous two volumes of his groundbreaking biography, this experience prepared Crook well for his metamorphosis from Indian fighter to outspoken advocate of Indian rights. An Honest Enemy is the third and final volume of Magid's account of George Crook's life and involvement in the Indian wars. Using rarely tapped information, including Crook's own diaries, the work documents in dramatic detail the general's arduous and dangerous campaigns against the Chiricahua Apaches and their leader Geronimo, action that forms a backdrop to the transformation in the general's role vis-a-vis Native Americans. In a story by turns harrowing and tragic, Magid details the plight of Indians who, in the aftermath of their defeat, were consigned to reservations too barren to sustain them, where they were subjected to impoverishment, indifference, and in many cases, outright corruption. With growing anger, Crook watched as many tribes faced death from starvation and disease and, unwilling to passively accept their fate, desperately sought to flee their reservations and return to their homelands. Charged with the grim task of returning the Indians to such conditions, Crook was forced to choose between fulfilling his duties as a soldier and his humanitarian values. Magid describes Crook's struggle to reconcile these conflicting concerns while promoting policies he regarded as essential to the welfare of the Indians in the face of a hostile public, jealous fellow officers, and an unsympathetic government that regarded his efforts as quixotic and misguided. Here is a tale that readers will not soon forget.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)