• Introduction / Mita Choudhury and Daniel J. Watkins
• I. Belief, enlightenment, and the political culture of the Old Regime. Entangling the "century of lights" to disentangle the Enlightenment / Jeffrey D. Burson
• Reflections of Jansenism in North America : La Salle and his letters / Daniella Kostroun
• A lawyer and a citizen revisited : the case of Claude-Joseph Prévost (1674-1753) / David A. Bell
• Masculinity and faith in the eighteenth century : comparing François de Pâris and Jean-Baptiste Girard / Mita Choudhury
• Jesuits of India : adapting Van Kley's "Religion and the age of 'patriot' reform" to South Asia / Carolina Armenteros
• From the parti dévot to the parti du roi: royalist ideology, foreign policy, and the recrystallization of court faction at the accession of Louis XVI / Thomas E. Kaiser
• Varieties of religious behavior in eighteenth-century Paris : the material culture of leaders of confraternaties / David Garrioch
• II. Belief in a revolutionary age. Religion, enlightenment, and revolution : the Van Kley thesis / Johnson Kent Wright
• Jansenism, popular sovereignty, and the general will in the pre-Revolutionary crisis / Jeffrey Ryan Harris -- Jansenism during the Revolution : the Nouvelles ecclésiastiques in the face of dechristianization / Monique Cottret
• The "ides of August 1814" : The Jansenists and the image of Port-Royal in the anti-Jesuitism of the restoration / Valérie Guittienne-Mürger
• A suppression revisited : Jansenism, conservativsm, and the anti-Jesuit ordinances of 1828 / Daniel J. Watkins
• Writing religion into the French century of lights : the confessions of a Protestant historian of the Catholic Jansenist controversy / Dale K. Van Kley.

Written in honor of Dale K. Van Kley, leading specialist on religion and politics in the Old Regime and the French Revolution, these essays examine how Jansenist belief shaped enlightenment ideas, cultural identities, social relations and politics in France throughout the long eighteenth century. Van Kley's work has invited scholars to think beyond the traditional parameters of the Enlightenment and to consider how religious faith functioned in the broader context of Old Regime, Revolutionary, and post-Revolutionary France. In different ways, each essay challenges the idea of an inherent opposition between faith and Enlightenment, which likewise equates modernity with secularization. The authors within this volume address two main questions. Firstly, how did religious belief continue to shape identities and experiences in the long eighteenth century? Secondly, how does this narrative of enduring religious belief in eighteenth-century France help historians rethink the Enlightenment and the French Revolution? The various methodologies used by the contributors illustrate how belief, Enlightenment, and Revolution coexisted and indeed co-mingled in different contexts: politics and political culture, the social and cultural history of ideas, and the history of material culture.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9781786941428 20190423

• Vorwort
• 1 Einleitung 1.1 Forschungsuberblick 1.2 Methodische Vorgehensweise und Disposition der Arbeit
• Teil
• 1 Der Brief als Kommunikationsmedium
• 2 Die Sonderstellung des Briefes als Medium der Kommunikation 2.1 Wie kommuniziert man? 2.2 Wie kommuniziert man mit einem Brief? 2.3 Der Brief und die Konversationsanalyse
• 3 Der Briefwechsel Cicero - Caelius als Beispiel fur schriftliche Kommunikation 3.1 Spezifika brieflicher Kommunikation 3.2 Briefeschreiben als Modus: Metakommunikation 3.3 Themen und Motive der weiteren Korrespondenz: Konsensrituale 3.4 Kontiguitat und Koharenz des Briefwechsels 3.5 Das Scheitern der Kommunikation und seine Folgen 3.6 Fazit
• 4 Das Empfehlungsschreiben: How to do things with letters 4.1 Die Performativitat des Empfehlungsschreibens 4.2 Die materielle Dimension des Empfehlungsschreibens 4.3 Der Raum der Empfehlungsschreiben 4.4 Mechanismen der Empfehlung am Beispiel von C. Trebatius Testa 4.5 Fazit
• Teil
• 2 Kommunikationsraum und kommunizierter Raum: Eine Topographie des Ciceronianischen Briefes
• 5 UEberlegungen zum Konzept des Raumes 5.1 Sozialer Raum 5.2 Imaginarer Raum 5.3 Medialer Raum 5.4 Vorausblick
• 6 Briefe aus der Provinz: Cicero im Spannungsfeld von Raum und Identitat 6.1 Inszenierungen von Ferne und Nahe: Die Provinz als identitatsstiftender Raum 6.2 Ciceros Qualitaten als Statthalter 6.3 Militarische und mediale Strategien: Cicero als Feldherr 6.4 Die Provinz als Diskursraum: Cicero gegen Caesar 6.5 Fazit
• 7 Soziale und politische Positionierungen: Rom - urbs - urbanitas 7.1 Die Stadt Rom in Ciceros Briefen 7.2 Rom als urbaner Raum 7.3 Wettbewerbsfeld kommunikative Kompetenz 7.4 Das Verhaltnis von urbs und urbanitas 7.5 Urbanitas und die Kriterien sozialer Performance 7.6 Urbanitas als raumliches Metakonzept 7.7 Fazit
• 8 Fazit
• Anhang: Briefwechsel Cicero - Caelius Literatur Index Stellenindex.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Die Monographie Ciceros Korrespondenz als Medium literarischen und gesellschaftlichen Handelns von Meike Ruhl untersucht sowohl die Eigenheiten der Briefe als einer schriftlich gefuhrten Konversation wie auch die vielfaltige Semantisierung des Raumes, die in den Briefen auf die Distanz zwischen Absender und Adressat zuruckzufuhren ist. In Ciceros Korrespondenz als Medium literarischen und gesellschaftlichen Handelns Meike Ruhl deals with the specificities of Cicero's letters as a written conversation between two distant correspondents and the semantics of social and imaginary space created by the letters.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9789004383142 20190211

• 1. Introduction / Cynthia Damon and Christoph Pieper
• Part 1. Eris reimagined. 2. Hesiodic Eris and the market / Ruth Scodel
• Part 2. Ambivalence, critique, resistance. 3. Agonistic excess and its ritual resolution in hero cult : the funeral games in Iliad 23 as a mise en abyme / Anton Bierl
• 4. Certare alterno carmine : the rise and fall of bucolic competition / Yelena Baraz
• 5. Stasis, competition, and the 'noble lie' : metic mettle in Plato's Republic / Geoffrey W. Bakewell
• 6. Competition and innovation in Aristotle, Politics 2 / Inger N.I. Kuin
• 7. Aristotle's Poetics and skênikoi agônes / Oliver Taplin
• 8. Paradoxes and anxieties of competition in Hippocratic medicine / Ralph M. Rosen
• Part 3. Multivalence, displacement, innovation. 9. Sleights of hand : epigraphic capping and the visual enactment of Eris in early Greek epigrams / Deborah Steiner
• 10. Roman architects and the struggle for fame in an unequal society / Christopher Siwicki
• 11. Political competition and economic change in mid-republican Rome / Seth Bernard
• 12. Mihi es aemula : elite female status competition in mid-republican Rome and the example of Tertia Aemilia / Lewis Webb
• 13. The poetics of strife and competition in Hesiod and Ovid / Charles T. Ham
• 14. Demosthenes versus Cicero : intercultural competition in ancient literary criticism / Casper C. de Jonge
• 15. Competition and competitiveness in Pollux's Onomasticon / Alexei V. Zadorojnyi.

Competition is everywhere in antiquity. It took many forms: the upper class competed with their peers and with historical and mythological predecessors; artists of all kinds emulated generic models and past masterpieces; philosophers and their schools vied with one another to give the best interpretation of the world; architects and doctors tried to outdo their fellow craftsmen. Discord and conflict resulted, but so did innovation, social cohesion, and political stability. In Hesiod's view Eris was not one entity but two, the one a "grievous goddess, " the other an "aid to men." Eris vs. Aemulatio examines the functioning and effect of competition in ancient society, in both its productive and destructive aspects.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9789004383968 20190114

• Abréviations
• Introduction. Éditions antérieures ; Une nouvelle édition de Gui de Bourgogne ; Les manuscrits: Londres, Tours, Le fragment de Darmstadt, Le fragment de Sées ; Analyse de Gui de Bourgogne ; État des recherches: Jugements portés sur Gui de Bourgogne, Les éléments historiques, Les éléments géographiques ; La date de Gui de Bourgogne: Terminus a quo, Terminus ad quem ; Gui de Bourgogne: un nom qui voyage ; Position littéraire de Gui de Bourgogne ; Établissement des textes: Généralités, Londres: particularités de la toilette du texte, Tours: particularités de la toilette du texte, Darmstadt: particularités de la toilette du texte, Sées: particularités de la toilette du texte ; Étude de la langue: Londres, Tours ; Versification: Le vers, La laisse ; L'impossibilité d'un stemma précis
• Bibliographie
• Texte de Londres
• Texte de Tours
• Leçons rejetées et notes: Londres, Tours
• Appendices: Texte de Darmstadt, Leçons rejetées et notes, Texte de Sées, Leçons rejetées et notes
• Glossaire
• Index des noms propres.

• Preface / Michèle Biraud and Arnaud Zucker-- Part 1. Structural perspectives. Chapter 1. On the structure of Alciphron's Letters / Émeline Marquis
• Chapter 2. Order and disorder in the Letters of Alciphron / A.D. Morrison
• Chapter 3. Time to eat : chronological connections in Alciphron's Letters of parasites / Emilia A. Barbiero
• Chapter 4. Echoes of stress-based rhythms in the Letters of fishermen : poetic, rhetoric and structural aspects / Michèle Biraud
• Part 2. Cultural issues and backgrounds. Chapter 5. Alciphron's reception of oral and literary traditions : mythological references and comparisons in Alciphron's Letters / Sophie Schoess
• Chapter 6. Women's voices : four or five women's letters by Alciphron / Onofrio Vox
• Chapter 7. The sea of Alciphron / Giuseppe Zanetto
• Chapter 8. Nostalgic authority : Alciphron's use of visual culture / Melissa Funke
• Part 3. Generic tensions and innovations. Chapter 9. Different forms of generic tension between epistolary precepts and progymnasmatic rhetoric in the Letters of Alciphron / Rafael J. Gallé Cejudo
• Chapter 10. Typecast? Speaking names in Alciphron / Owen Hodkinson
• Chapter 11. Laus vitae rusticae : conventionality, imitation, variation in the Letters of Alciphron / Anna Tiziana Drago
• Chapter 12. Close encounters with the hetaira : reading Alciphron's Book 4 / Yvonne Rösch.

In `The Letters of Alciphron: A Unified Literary Work?', Michele Biraud and Arnaud Zucker have gathered a dozen international contributions about the collection of letters of Alciphron, hitherto mainly studied as part of the epistolary genre at the time of the Second Sophistic or as testimony of a nostalgia for the Athens of Menander's time. The aim is to show the unity of a literary project through studies on the careful arrangement of each book (overall organization, coherent reappropriation of a culture, innovations in generic hybridization) and various elements of cohesion between the four books. For this purpose, were used as tools codicological criticism, stylistic and rhetorical examination, analysis of prosody, study of thematic treatments, uses of onomastics.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9789004383357 20190211

Au siècle des Lumières, le roman de nature édifiante emprunte de nouvelles avenues, embrassant la forme didactique et le parti antiphilosophique. Au contact des idées et des valeurs que défendent Encyclopédistes et philosophes, les romanciers et les romancières sont amenés à s'interroger sur la religion dans ses rapports sociaux et moraux avec la société et à assortir les acquis philosophiques aux dogmes chrétiens à l'aide d'un discours alliant foi et raison. En mobilisant la sensibilité, ils proposent un expédient pieux selon lequel la religion serait mise au service de l'ordre établi et de la cohésion sociale. Le discours optimiste que donnent à lire les romans des Lumières catholiques renoue avec l'idée de perfectibilité humaine et de progrès social, dévoilant un espace de chevauchement qui brouille les frontières entre philosophie et antiphilosophie et qui témoigne de leur porosité. Cet ouvrage collectif a pour objectifs d'explorer les entreprises de mise en roman des Lumières catholiques dans leurs dimensions narrative, rhétorique, topique et philosophique afin d'en souligner l'originalité et la complexité, d'exposer leur apport aux débats qui marquent le XVIIIe siècle et de les réhabiliter dans la constellation littéraire des Lumières.
"In the eighteenth century, edifying novels explored new strategies, embracing the didactic form and the antiphilosophic party. Confronted with the ideas and values that the Encyclopaedists and philosophers defended, Catholic novelists were led to consider religion in its moral and social relationships to society and to reconcile philosophical findings and Christian doctrines by producing discourses on the union of faith and reason. By mobilizing sensibility, they propose a pious expedient whereby religion would serve the established order and maintain social cohesion. The optimistic discourse found in the novels of the Catholic Enlightenment is characterised by its belief in human perfectibility and social progress, which reveals an in-between space where the line separating philosophy from anti-philosophy is blurred and shown to be quite porous. This edited collection aims to study the novelistic experiments of the Catholic Enlightenment in their narrative, rhetorical, topical, and philosophical dimensions in order to show their originality and complexity, to reveal their contributions in the great debates of the eighteenth century, and to give them back their due place in the literary constellation of the Enlightenment"--Publisher.

Die Auseinandersetzung mit Freundschaft reicht in Literatur und Philosophie von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, von Homer bis Günter Grass, von Platon bis Jacques Derrida. Der vorliegende Band nimmt einen Ausschnitt dieser Tradition in den Blick: die Verschränkung von Freundschaft in Literatur und Lebenspraxis, wie sie sich im 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert entfaltet hat. 0In dieser Zeit kommt es zu einer Verbindung von Fakt und Fiktion, die auch Rückschlüsse auf eine Theorie der Freundschaft zulässt: Zum einen entwirft die deutschsprachige Literatur vielfältige Formen von Freundschaft, ihrer Entstehung, ihrer Entwicklung und ihres Scheiterns. Zum anderen ist sie selbst eine Geschichte der Freundschaften unter Schriftstellerinnen und Schriftstellern, für die die Kommunikationsformen der Freundschaft oft in ein Wechselspiel mit der Praxis ihres Schreibens treten. Dieses Verhältnis wird im vorliegenden Band erstmals dezidiert in den Blick genommen.

• Preface Figures, Tables and Graphs
• Introduction
• 1 Primitive Positions-the Oikos Debate
• 1 The Defining Quartet-Marx, Weber, Polanyi and Finley
• 2 The Ancient Economy Post-Finley
• 2 New Perspectives
• 1 Institutions-the Engines of History
• 2 Materialist Man and His Motivations
• 3 The Only Constant is Change
• 4 Commerce, Conquest and Colonisation
• 5 The Malthusian Trap and Economic Efflorescences
• 3 Warfare States
• 1 Path Dependence
• 2 The Political Economies of Athens and Sparta: a Comparative Analysis
• 3 The Spartan Naval Mirage
• 4 War, Strategy and the Transition to Triremes
• 1 The Gift of Ares and Athenian Conquest Strategy
• 2 Emerging Patterns of War
• 3 Strategy
• 4 Early Athenian Expansionism
• 5 The Transition to Triremes
• 6 Private to Polis Navies
• 5 The Late Archaic Transition-the Naval Evidence
• 1 Athens' `Turn to the Sea'
• 2 Casus Belli
• 3 The Athenian Naval Revolution
• 4 Themistocles' Naval Expansion
• 6 Money, Markets and Naval Procurement
• 1 Coinage, Silver and Money Supply
• 2 Trireme Costs and Lifespan
• 3 Trireme Timber and Naval Procurement
• 4 Provisioning the Fleet-a Network of Markets
• 7 Naval Institutions-Trierarchy
• 1 The Rules of the Game
• 2 Liturgy-Delivering Public Goods
• 3 Trierarchy-Delivering the Fleet
• 4 Trierarchy in Theory and Practice
• 5 Trierarchy-Institutional Evolution
• 6 Cleruchy-Further Institutional Adaptation
• 8 Naval Innovation
• 1 The Archaic Fleet and Athenian Defence Strategy
• 2 Naval Technological Innovation-the Ram
• 3 Greek Innovation in Nautical Design
• 9 Naval Defence Infrastructure
• 1 Shipsheds
• 2 The Athenian Circuit Walls
• 3 The Piraeus
• 4 The Long Walls
• 5 Estimating the Costs
• 10 Soldiers, Sailors, Citizens
• 1 Hoplite Ideology and Its Persistence
• 2 Schools of Democracy
• 3 Athenian Trireme Crews
• 4 Mercenaries, Metics and Slaves
• 5 The Trireme School of Democracy
• 11 The Ancient Athenian Naval Economy
• 1 Economic Growth
• 2 Instrumental Behaviour, Self-Interest and Markets
• 3 The Athenian Labour Market
• 4 The Naval Economy
• 5 Size Matters
• 12 The Wealth of Naval Athens
• 1 The Versatile Trireme
• 2 Counting the Cost of Naval Deployments
• 3 The Business of Empire
• 4 Costs of War
• 5 Ancient Athenian Keynesians
• Conclusions
• Appendix: Sources and Numbers Bibliography Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Recently there has been a welcome revival of scholarly interest in the economy of classical Greece. In the face of increasingly compelling arguments for the existence of a market economy in classical Athens, the Finleyan orthodoxy is finally relinquishing its long dominion. In this book, Barry O'Halloran seeks to contribute to this renewed debate by re-interrogating the ancient evidence using more recent economic interpretative frameworks. The aim is to re-evaluate accepted orthodoxies and present the economic history of this emblematic city-state in a new light. More specifically, it analyses the economic foundations of Athens through the prism of its navy. Its macroeconomic approach utilises an employment-demand model through which enormous naval defence expenditures created an exceptional period of demand-led economic growth.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9789004386143 20190211

• Einleitung
• Roderico
• Die zwo Freundinnen
• Oriantes.

• Preface and acknowledgements / Altay Coşkun and David Engels
• Introduction / Altay Coşkun and David Engels
• I. The Seleukid Empire under Antiochos III. 1. Which Seleukid king was the first to establish friendship with the Romans? Reflections on a fabricated letter (Seut., Claud. 25.3), amicitia with Antiochos III (200-193 BC) and the lack thereof with Ilion / Altay Coşkun
• 2. Poets and politics : Antiochos the Great, Hegesianax and the war with Rome / Marijn S. Visscher
• 3. Echoes of the Persian wars in the European phase of the Roman-Syrian war (with an emphasis on Plut., Cat. Mai. 12-14) / Eran Almagor
• 4. Where are the wives? Royal woman in Seleukid cult documents / Kyle Erickson
• II. After Apameia : Seleukid recovery and disintegration in the shadow of Rome. 5. The Seleukid elephant corps after Apameia / Nicholos Victor Sekunda
• 6. Antiochos IV and Rome : the festival at Daphne (Syria), the treaty of Apameia and the revival of Seleukid expansionism in the west / Rolf Strootman
• 7. Reading backwards : Antiochos IV and his relationship with Rome / Benjamin Scolnic
• 8. With enemies like this who needs friends : Roman intervention in the Hellenistic east and the preservation of the Seleukid patrimony / Richard Wenghofer
• III. Asia Minor in the transition from Seleukid to Roman hegemony. 9. L'influence séleucide sur les dynasties anatoliennes après la traité d'Apamée / Germain Payen
• 10. L'ombre lointaine de Rome : la Cappadoce à la suite de la paix d'Apamée / Alex McAuley
• 11. Unlike any other? The Attalid kingdom after Apameia / Christoph Michels
• IV. The fading power of the Seleukids, Roman diplomacy, and Judaea's way to independence. 12. Triangular epistolary diplomacy with Rome from Judas Maccabee to Aristobulos I / Altay Coşkun
• 13. The Seleukids, Rome and the Jews (134-76 BC) / Edward Dąbrowa
• V. Long-term perspectives on Babylonia. 14. Mais où sont donc passés les soldats babyloniens? La place des contingents "indigènes" dans l'armée séleucide / David Engels
• 15. Generals and cities in late-Seleukid and early-Parthian Babylonia / Gillian Ramsey
• Epilogue. Rome, the Seleukid east and the disintegration of the largest of the successor kingdoms in the 2nd century BC / Altay Coşkun.

Seleukos I (312-281) was the strongest among the Successors of Alexander the Great, and his territory extended as far as Thrace in the West and Pakistan in the East for over a century. His kingdom reached a new pinnacle under Antiochos III (223-187), who combined military vigour with political skill, but also bears responsibility for its harsh defeat at the hands of the Romans, the ascending superpower in the Mediterranean. This failure did not yet trigger the dynasty's collapse albeit. It was resilient and re-established itself as the leading power in the Near East under Antiochos IV (175-164), who was able to maintain friendship with Rome. Gradually, however, Seleukid rule was reduced to Syria or parts thereof by 129. The book tries to redress the balance of Seleukid weaknesses and strengths. Case studies either focus on power, politics and ideology of the Seleukid centre, or on continuity and change in 2nd-century Anatolia, Judaea and Babylon, before trying to integrate into a braoder picture the factors that led to Seleukid disintegration.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9789042939271 20190513

• I. Heiner Müller und die Konjunktur des Grotesken im
• 20. Jahrhundert
• II. Das Groteske im dramatischen Werk Heiner Müllers - Transformationen eines ästhetischen Krisenphänomens
• III. Der Schrecken als erste Erscheinung des Neuen - Explosion des Grotesken in ‚Leben Gundlings Friedrich von Preussen Lessings Schlaf Traum Schrei'
• IV. Entdeckung der Form als Schrecken - Die 1950er- und 1960er-Jahre
• V. Von ‚Die Umsiedlerin' über ‚Leben Gundlings' zur ‚Wolokolamsker Chaussee' - Wandlungen der müllerschen Poetik des Grotesken als einer Poetik der Utopie.

• Anton M. Matytsin and Jeffrey D. Burson, Introduction: from an "age Of skepticism" to an "age Of reason"
• Jeffrey D. Burson, Healing the skeptical crisis and rectifying Cartesianisms: the notion of the Jesuit synthesis revisited
• Elena Rapetti, "A man who sticks only to his own sentiments": Pierre-Daniel Huet's Traite philosophique de la foiblesse de l'esprit humain
• Martin Mulsow and John Christian Laursen, Georg Michael Heber on legal and (possibly) religious skepticism in early Enlightenment Germany
• Sebastien Charles, George Berkeley, or the skeptic in spite of himself
• Rodrigo Brandao, Voltaire and modern skeptical doubt
• John P. Wright, Skepticism and incomprehensibility in Bayle and Hume
• Anton M. Matytsin, Taming thought with practice: philosophical skepticism in the Encyclopedie
• Alan Charles Kors, Political skepticism in Holbach's circle
• Summaries
• Biographies of contributors
• Bibliography
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Although many historical narratives often describe the eighteenth century as an unalloyed `Age of Reason', Enlightenment thinkers continued to grapple with the challenges posed by the revival and spread of philosophical skepticism. The imperative to overcome doubt and uncertainty informed some of the most innovative characteristics of eighteenth-century intellectual culture, including not only debates about epistemology and metaphysics but also matters of jurisprudence, theology, history, moral philosophy, and politics. Thinkers of this period debated about, established, and productively worked for progress within the parameters of the increasingly circumscribed boundaries of human reason. No longer considered innate and consistently perfect, reason instead became conceived as a faculty that was inherently fallible, limited by personal experiences, and in need of improvement throughout the course of any individual's life. In its depiction of a complicated, variegated, and diverse Enlightenment culture, this volume examines the process by which philosophical skepticism was challenged and gradually tamed to bring about an anxious confidence in the powers of human understanding. The various contributions collectively demonstrate that philosophical skepticism, and not simply unshakable confidence in the powers of reason or the optimistic assumption about inevitable human improvement, was, in fact, the crucible of the Enlightenment process itself.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9781786941947 20190429

Through many examples, especially concerning contemporary French, the author shows how writing can sometimes reflect pronunciation, by dispensing with the usual school rules of spelling. It shows how one can "write" stuttering, lisp, anger, enthusiasm, hesitation but also the tunes of songs, military commands ... or even colds or drunkenness. There are indeed few areas that escape this possibility and speakers / writers do not deprive themselves, to the delight of readers. This particular relationship between the language and its graphic garment is highlighted here in an original way, both by the scientific approach and the illustration, which abounds in tasty examples. By overriding the rules of spelling, it is possible to use the scripture to reflect pronunciation. Using a variety of contemporary French examples, Pierre Rézeau shows how one can write about the stuttering, the lisping, the anger, the enthusiasm, the hesitation, but also the melodies of the songs, the military command - even the cold or the drunkenness. In many areas, this special relationship between speech and writing is extensively used. With this volume, Rézeau offers a journey through the bypaths of French spelling: an invitation "À taaable!" for all lovers of the French language.--Bokus

• Introduction / John North and Peter Mack
• The Syriac De exercitatione : a lost edifying piece attributed to Plutarch / Alberto Rigolio
• The Byzantine Plutarch : self-identity and model in Theodore Metochites' Essay 71 of Semeioseis gnomikai / Sophia Xenophontos
• From Francesco Barbaro to Angelo Poliziano : Plutarch's Roman Questions in the fifteenth century / Frances Muecke
• The Life of Paulus Aemilius in John Whethamstede's Granarium. The fortune of Italian humanism in fifteenth-century England / Marianne Pade
• Additional Lives : Hannibal, Scipio, and Epaminondas / Judith Mossman
• 'Scholemaister and Counsailour unto Traianus' : Plutarch, the Institutio Traiani, and humanist political advice in Renaissance England / Fred Schurink
• Plutarch, Poussin, Carracci, and Baroque art / Roberto Guerrini and Maddalena Sanfilippo
• Plutarch in Scottish culture : from the Renaissance to the twenty-first century / Ewen Bowie
• The censoring of Plutarch's Gracchi on the revolutionary French and Reformist English stages, 1792-1823 / Edith Hall and Rosie Wyles
• Plutarch and Frankenstein : reception in nineteenth-century British literature / Frances Titchener
• Plutarch à la Russe : ancient heroism and Russian ideology in Tolstoy's War and Peace / Alexei V. Zadorojnyi
• After exemplarity : a map of Plutarchan scholarship / Constanze Güthenke.

Plutarch's writings have had a varied reception history from when he was writing in the second century BCE down to today. This volume starts from what may be a translation into the Syriac dialect of a lost Plutarch essay; continues with a tribute from a leading scholar of the later Byzantine period; and follows the centuries of sustained enthusiasm from the Renaissance to the eighteenth century. This period started once a translation into Latin had become available, and ended when scholars in the nineteenth century lowered Plutarch's reputation as historian, biographer, philosopher, and stylist. By the end of the century, he came to symbolize in the eyes of Tolstoy precisely what history should not be. Both the causes of the decline and the later recovery of interest raise important new questions about how Plutarch should be assessed in the twenty-first century. This is one of the early volumes in the series of `Afterlives' of the Classics, being produced jointly by the Institute of Classical Studies and the Warburg.
(source: Nielsen Book Data) 9781905670666 20190513

• Teil I. Texte
• Teil II. Apparate und Kommentare.

• 1. Introduction
• 2. The Civil War of 49-48 BCE
• 3. Italia
• Introduction
• 1. Crossing the Rubicon
• 2. Opening the Sanctius Aerarium
• 3. The sources of soldiers
• Conclusion
• 4. Hispania
• 1. Laudes Hispaniae
• 2. C. Caesar and Hispania
• 3. Cn. Pompeius and Hispania
• 4. The significance of clientelae
• 5. Gallia
• 1. Omnis Gallia Germaniaque
• 2. Massilia an ally
• 3. Massilia a provincial capital?
• 4. Geopolitical considerations
• 5. Chagrin at Massilia
• 6. Massilia and Phocaea, or the theme of libertas
• 6. Africa
• Introduction
• 1. The sources of Caesar's narrative
• 2. Legitimacy of command
• 3. Roman armies in North Africa
• 4. The grain of Africa
• Conclusion
• 7. Macedonia
• 1. Caesar fleeing forwards
• 2. Pompeius' preparations for
• 48 BCE
• 3. Life in the military
• 4. Other than soldiers
• 5. Supply-lines
• 6. The provincial burden
• 8. Asia
• 1. From Pharsalus to Alexandria
• 2. Ephesus capital of Asia
• 3. The ceremony and rhetoric of arrival
• 4. Caesar and the Sanctuary of Artemis of Ephesus
• 9. Aegyptus
• 1. Of civil wars Roman and Egyptian
• 2. The wealth of Egypt
• 3. Banking and imperialism
• Conclusion.

In 'Caesar's Civil War: Historical Reality and Fabrication' Westall combines literary analysis of Caesar's Bellum Civile with a concern for the socio-economic history of the Roman empire. The 'Bellum Gallicum' and the Shakespearean play are better known, but Caesar's partisan account of the Roman civil war culminating in the battle of Pharsalus offers a historical text of perennial interest and relevance. Two introductory chapters contextualize this book and offer a traditional narrative of political and military history for 49-48 BCE. There follow seven chapters dedicated to each of the geographical theatres of civil war. These chapters show how Caesar's testimony sheds important light upon the nature of Roman rule in the Mediterranean, but also explore the problems to be encountered in using potentially tendentious testimony.