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• Intermolecular Forces
• Clusters
• Molecular Spectroscopy
• Magnetic Resonance
• Quantum Chemistry
• Photochemical Dynamics
• Gas-Phase Kinetics
• Ultrafast Processes
• Molecular Reaction Dynamics
• Atmospheric Chemistry
• Astrophysical Chemistry
• Theoretical Dynamics
• Statistical Thermodynamics
• Polymers
• Colloids
• Liquid Crystals
• Liquid-Solid Interfaces: Liquid-Liquid Interfaces
• Electrochemistry
• Gas-Solid Surface Science
• Biophysical Chemistry
• Solid State Chemistry
• Catalysis.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Compiled to celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Faraday Society in 1903, this collection presents some of the key papers published in Faraday journals over the past one hundred years. The feature articles were all written by leaders in their field, including a number of Nobel Prize winners such as Lord George Porter and John Pople, and cover a breadth of topics demonstrating the wide range of scientific fields which the Faraday Society, and now the RSC Faraday Division, seek to promote. Topics include: Intermolecular Forces; Ultrafast Processes; Astrophysical Chemistry; Polymers; and Electrochemistry. Each article is accompanied by a commentary which puts it in context, describes its influence and shows how the field has developed since its publication. 100 Years of Physical Chemistry: A Collection of Landmark Papers will be welcomed by anyone interested in the historical development of physical chemistry, and will be a valued addition to any library shelf.
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• Introduction to 1,1'-Binaphthyls
• Main Chain Chiral Conjugated Polymers
• Polybinaphthyls in Asymmetric catalysis
• Asymmetric Catalysis by BINOL and Its Nonpolymeric Derivatives
• Enantioselective Fluorescent Sensors Based on 1,1'-Binaphthyl Derived Dendrimers, Small Molecules and Macrocycles
• Miscellaneous Studies on Materials Related to 1,1'-Binaphthyls.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Chiral materials have been studied in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Virginia for applications in areas like asymmetric catalysis, enantioselective fluorescent sensing, and optical/electrical materials. Optically active 1,1'-binaphthyl molecules are used to build novel chiral polymers, dendrimers, macrocycles, and acyclic molecules. 1,1'-Binaphthyl molecules are chosen because of their remarkably stable chiral configuration as well as their high asymmetric inductions in many processes.In this book, both the fundamental knowledge about the 1,1'-binaphthyl molecules and the synthesis of the structurally diverse 1,1'-binaphthyl-based materials are described. The applications of these materials in various fields are also discussed. This book will serve as a reference for graduate students as well as other professionals working in the related fields.
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• The NMR Spectrometer. Determination of the Pulse-Duration. Routine NMR Spectroscopy and Standard Tests. Decoupling Techniques. Dynamic NMR Spectroscopy. ID Multiple Sequences. NMR Spectroscopy with Selective Pulses. Auxiliary Reagents, Quantitative Determinations, and Reaction Mechanisms. 1D Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy. The Second Dimension. 1D NMR Spectroscopy with Field Gradients. 2D NMR Spectroscopy with Field Gradients. The Third Dimension. Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Appendices. Glossary and Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Explore the full productivity of your NMR equipment! - How one has to perform NMR experiments? - Which experiment conveys the desired information? - How do the applied pulse sequences work? - How can the desired informations be read off the spectra? - Which equipment is needed for special experiments? The new edition of this highly successful book is expanded by another 50 important NMR experiments dedicated to the latest developments. The expansions mainly concern the fields of chemical applications, of very recent gradient selected experiments now arranged in two chapters (1D and 2D), and of the basics of solid-state NMR in a completely new chapter. Again, all experiments from basic pulse determinations to advanced 2D and some 3D techniques have been performed especially for this book. The figures are taken directly from the spectrometer output and the reader can therefore rely on the results presented. Written by leading experts, it is a thorough guide through the maze of modern NMR tools. Being a textbook as well as a reference and work book for the laboratory, this book is a must for every scientist applying NMR as well as for students preparing for their lab courses.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Gases and the kinetic-molecular theory
• translational and transport phenomena
• first law of thermodynamics
• thermochemistry
• entropy
• free energy
• chemical equilibrium
• statistical thermodynamics
• electrochemistry heterogeneous equilibria
• solutions
• rates of chemical reactions
• reaction kinetics
• introduction to quantum mechanics
• atomic structure and spectroscopy
• electronic structure of diatomic molecules
• spectroscopy of diatomic molecules
• electronic structure of polyatomic molecules
• spectroscopy of polyatomic molecules
• symmetry and group theory
• intermolecular bonding
• crystals
• phenomena at interfaces
• macromolecules.
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• Structure and properties
• bonding and molecular structure
• chemical reactivity and organic reactions
• alkanes
• cycloalkanes
• stereochemistry
• alkenes
• alkyl halides
• alkynes, dienes and orbital symmetry
• aromaticity and benzene
• aromatic substitution, arenes
• spectroscopy and structure proof
• alcohols and thiols
• ethers, epoxides, glycols and thioethers
• aldehydes and ketones
• carboxylic acids
• acid derivatives
• carbanion-enolates and enols
• amines
• phenols and their derivatives
• aromatic heterocyclic compounds
• amino acids, peptides and proteins
• carbohydrates.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Master organic chemistry with "Schaum's" - the high-performance solved-problem guide. It will help you cut study time, hone problem-solving skills, and achieve your personal best on exams! Students love "Schaum's Solved Problem Guides" because they produce results. Each year, thousands of students improve their test scores and final grades with these indispensable guides. Get the edge on your classmates. Use "Schaum's"! If you don't have a lot of time but want to excel in class, use this book to: brush up before tests; study quickly and more effectively; and, learn the best strategies for solving tough problems in step-by-step detail. Review what you've learned in class by solving thousands of relevant problems that test your skill.Compatible with any classroom text, "Schaum's Solved Problem Guides" let you practice at your own pace and remind you of all the important problem-solving techniques you need to remember fast! And "Schaum's" are so complete, they're perfect for preparing for graduate or professional exams. Inside you will find: 3000 solved problems with complete solutions, the largest selection of solved problems yet published on this subject; an index to help you quickly locate the types of problems you want to solve; problems like those you'll find on your exams; techniques for choosing the correct approach to problems; and, guidance toward the quickest, most efficient solutions.If you want top grades and thorough understanding of organic chemistry, this powerful study tool is the best tutor you can have! Chapters include: Structure and Properties; Bonding and Molecular Structure; Chemical Reactivity and Organic Reactions; Alkanes; Cycloalkanes; Stereochemistry; Alkenes; Alkyl Halides; Alkynes, Dienes, and Orbital Symmetry; Aromaticity and Benzene; Aromatic Substitution, Arenes; Spectroscopy and Structure Proof; Alcohols and Thiols; Ethers, Epoxides, Glycols, and Thioethers; Aldehydes and Ketones; Carboxylic Acids; Acid Derivatives; Carbanion-Enolates and Enols; Amines; Phenols and Their Derivatives; Aromatic Heterocyclic Compounds; Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins; and, Carbohydrates.
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When was radium discovered? Who are Dmitri Mendeleev and Glenn T. Seaborg? Who discovered uranium's radioactivity? Which element is useful for dating the age of Earth? And why doesn't gold have a scientific name? 30-Second Elements presents you with the very foundations of chemical knowledge, explaining concisely the 50 most significant chemical elements. This book uses helpful glossaries and tables to fast track your knowledge of the other 68 elements and the relationships between all of them.
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• Preface
• Chapter 1 The Organic Set of NMR Spectra 1 1.1 The 1H NMR Experiment 3 1.2 APT-13C NMR 7 1.3 COSY 11 1.4 NOESY 17 1.5 HSQC 23 1.6 HMBC 29
• Chapter 2 Advanced Organic NMR Spectroscopy 35 2.1 2D J-Resolved 1H NMR Spectroscopy 37 2.2 ROESY 41 2.3 TOCSY 45 2.4 HSQC-TOCSY 49 2.5 HOESY 53 2.6 INADEQUATE 57 2.7 ADEQUATE 61 2.8 J-HMBC 65 2.9 Gated Decoupling 71
• Chapter 3 Selective Methods 75 3.1 Water suppression by Presaturation 77 3.2 Solvent Suppression by 1D-NOESY 81 3.3 Water Suppression by SOGGY Excitation Sculpting 85 3.4 Solvent Suppression using WET 89 3.5 SELTOCSY 93 3.6 SELNOESY 97 3.7 SELINCOR 101 3.8 SELINQUATE 105 3.9 Band Selective HMBC 109
• Chapter 4 Heteronuclear NMR 113 4.1 11B NMR Spectroscopy 119 4.2 15N NMR Spectroscopy 123 4.3 17O NMR Spectroscopy 127 4.4 19F NMR Spectroscopy 131 4.5 29Si NMR Spectroscopy 135 4.6 57Fe NMR Spectroscopy 139 4.7 195Pt NMR Spectroscopy 145
• Chapter 5 Experiments in Physical Organic Chemistry 149 5.1 Measurement of the Spin--Lattice Relaxation Time T1 151 5.2 Measurement of the Spin--Spin Relaxation Time T2 155 5.3 Dynamic 1H NMR Spectroscopy 159 5.4 Diffusion Measurement with DOSY 163 5.5 Residual Dipolar Couplings (RDC) 167
• Chapter 6 Organic Chemistry Applications 173 6.1 ASIS 175 6.2 Chirality Determination 179 6.3 Advanced Mosher Method 183 6.4 Quantitative NMR and Relaxation Reagents 187 6.5 Determination of Association Constants Ka 193 6.6 STD NMR 199 6.7 A Kinetic Experiment 203
• Chapter 7 An Excursion to the Solid State and to Structural Biology 209 7.1 The CP/MAS Experiment 211 7.2 High-Resolution Magic-Angle Spinning 215 7.3 HN-HSQC 219 7.4 HNCA 225
• Chapter 8 Maintenance and Calibration 233 8.1 Calibration of Pulse Duration in the Transmitter Channel 235 8.2 Calibration of the Pulse Duration in the Indirect Channel 241 8.3 Shaped Pulses 247 8.4 Adiabatic pulses 253 8.5 Temperature Calibration in NMR 257 8.6 Calibration of Pulsed Field Gradients 265 Appendix Answers 273 Pulse Programs 295 Elementary Product Operator Formalism Rules 296 Chemical Shift and Spin-Coupling Data for Strychnine 298 Picture Credits 300 Index 301.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book is the perfect link for learning how to perform the experiments after only having studied theory. In eight chapters more than 50 essential NMR experiments are described in detail. Special focus is put on the organic set of NMR spectra (1H, 13C-APT, COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC). Different chapters deal with advanced organic NMR, selective methods, heteronuclear NMR, relaxation and diffusion measurements, organic applications and maintenance. Every experiment has a section providing the reader with the purpose and scope of the specific experiment. Every experiment is concluded with the spectrum as it is obtained under the conditions described. Questions and comments enable the reader to check their understanding. The authors are very experienced and the whole book is in full color, which enhances the reading experience and makes the spectra and other figures easier to understand. This book is strongly recommended for all students and researchers who are involved in the structural elucidation of chemical compounds both in practical education and in pursuing research, in particular if they handle an NMR spectrometer.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The basics
• Atomic structure
• Bonding and the periodic table
• Phases
• Gases
• Solutions
• Kinetics
• Equilibrium
• Acids and bases
• Thermodynamics
• Electrochemistry
• Final review.

• Preface
• 1. Setting the stage: why ab initio molecular dynamics?
• Part I. Basic Techniques: 2. Getting started: unifying MD and electronic structure
• 3. Implementation: using the plane wave basis set
• 4. Atoms with plane waves: accurate pseudopotentials
• Part II. Advanced Techniques: 5. Beyond standard ab initio molecular dynamics
• 6. Beyond norm-conserving pseudopotentials
• 7. Computing properties
• 8. Parallel computing
• Part III. Applications: 9. From materials to biomolecules
• 10. Properties from ab initio simulations
• 11. Outlook
• Bibliography
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Ab initio molecular dynamics revolutionized the field of realistic computer simulation of complex molecular systems and processes, including chemical reactions, by unifying molecular dynamics and electronic structure theory. This book provides the first coherent presentation of this rapidly growing field, covering a vast range of methods and their applications, from basic theory to advanced methods. This fascinating text for graduate students and researchers contains systematic derivations of various ab initio molecular dynamics techniques to enable readers to understand and assess the merits and drawbacks of commonly used methods. It also discusses the special features of the widely used Car-Parrinello approach, correcting various misconceptions currently found in research literature. The book contains pseudo-code and program layout for typical plane wave electronic structure codes, allowing newcomers to the field to understand commonly used program packages and enabling developers to improve and add new features in their code.
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• Theoretical Background. The Computational Problem. Selection of A Model. Practical Considerations: Input and Output. The Performance of the Model. Index.
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Describing and discussing the use of theoretical models as an alternative to experiments in making accurate predictions of chemical phenomena, this book addresses the formulation of theoretical molecular orbital models starting from quantum mechanics, and compares them to experimental results. It draws on a series of models that have already received widespread application and are available for new applications.
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• Some NMR Basics Electromagnetic Basics of NMR
• How Do We Perform the NMR Fourier Transform? The Bloch Equations: Calculating What Happens in NMR Experiments
• The NMR Fourier Transform and its Problems
• Relaxation and the Nuclear Overhauser Effect
• Pulse Experiments in One-Dimensional NMR Spectra
• NMR Spectroscopy in Two Dimensions
• Some Thoughts on Spin-Spin Splitting
• Some Thoughts About Chemical Shifts
• Measurement of Rates by NMR
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The primary purpose of this book is to help the reader understand what is going on in Fourier Transform (FT) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Modern life is now very largely life with "black boxes" that carry warning labels: "No user-servicable parts inside". Many find black boxes to be quite acceptable, at least as long as they work. But how willing should we be to accept black-box analyses without some understanding of how those analyses were obtained? NMR spectrometers are like "black boxes" in that they offer many standardized procedures without understanding how and why the proper parameter choices are critical. The scope of this book is broad rather than deep with the intention of providing helpful insight. Much can be understood in a more qualitative way and that is the approach taken here. For those areas where a quantitative approach is needed, simple mathematics will usually suffice.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Laplace transform second-order Moller-Plesset methods in the atomic orbital basis for periodic systems Artur F. Izmaylov and Gustavo E. Scuseria Method Implementation details RI basis extension Basis pair screening Distance screening Laplace quadratures Relation between quadrature points Transformation and contraction algorithms Lattice summations Symmetry Benchmark calculations RI approximation AO-LT-MP2 applications Density fitting for correlated calculations in periodic systems Martin Schutz, Denis Usvyat, Marco Lorenz, Cesare Pisani, Lorenzo Maschio, Silvia Casassa and Migen Halo DF in molecular LMP2 calculations DF in periodic LMP2 calculations Local direct-space fitting in periodic systems Multipole-corrected-reciprocal fitting Direct-reciprocal-decoupled fitting Test calculations Fitting basis sets General computational parameters DF accuracy criteria Adjustment of DF parameters Performance of the Three DF Schemes Sodalite: a benchmark calculation The method of increments-a wavefunction-based correlation method for extended systems Beate Paulus and Hermann Stoll The method of increments General ideas Extension to metals Extension to surface adsorption Applications Application to systems with a band gap Application to group 2 and 12 metals Application to adsorption on CeO2 and graphene The hierarchical scheme for electron correlation in crystalline solids Stephen Nola, Peter Bygrave, Neil L. Allan, Michael J. Gillan, Simon Binnie, and Frederick R. Manby Overview of results Properties of crystalline lithium hydride Surface (001) energy of LiH Lithium fluoride Neon Calibration of other methods Electrostatically embedded many-body expansion for large systems Erin Dahlke Speetzen, Hannah R. Leverentz, Hai Lin, and Donald G. Truhlar Many-body methods Electrostatically embedded many-body methods EE-MB EE-MB-CE Performance Cost Use in simulations Routes for extending EE-MB to the bulk Monte carlo simulations Molecular dynamics Electron correlation in solids: delocalized and localized orbital approaches So Hirata, Olaseni Sode, Murat Keceli, and Tomomi Shimazaki Delocalized orbital approach Methods Applications Localized orbital approach Methods Applications Ab-initio Monte-Carlo simulations of liquid water Darragh P. O'Neill, Neil L. Allan and Frederick R. Manby Theory Many-body expansion Spatial partitioning of interactions Quantum-mechanical description of interactions Classical description of interactions Self-consistent induction calculations Damping Periodic-boundary conditions Examples Two-body interactions Three-body interactions Water clusters Liquid water.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The theoretical methods of quantum chemistry have matured to the point that accurate predictions can be made and experiments can be understood for a wide range of important gas-phase phenomena. A large part of this success can be attributed to the maturation of hierarchies of approximation, which allow one to approach very high accuracy, provided that sufficient computational resources are available. Until recently, these hierarchies have not been available in condensed-phase chemistry, but recent advances in the field have now led to a group of methods that are capable of reaching this goal. Accurate Condensed-Phase Quantum Chemistry addresses these new methods and the problems to which they can be applied. The book begins with an overview of periodic treatments of electron correlation, with an emphasis on the algorithmic features responsible for their computational efficiency. The first section of the book: Describes the Laplace-transform approach to periodic second-order perturbation theory (MP2) Examines local and density fitted schemes for MP2 in crystalline systems Presents test calculations for a variety of systems with small and medium-sized unit cells The next section focuses on methods based on treatment of the periodic solid in terms of fragments. This part of the book: Explores the incremental many-body scheme for electron correlation in solids, and describes progress towards metals and molecules on surfaces Describes the hierarchical method as an alternative fragment-based approach to electron correlation in crystalline solids, using conventional molecular electronic structure methods Examines electrostatically embedded many-body expansion for large systems, with an emphasis on molecular clusters and molecular liquids Explores delocalized and localized orbital approaches to the electronic structures of periodic and non-periodic solids Lastly, the book describes a practical method by which conventional molecular electronic structure theory can be applied to molecular liquids and solids. Along with the methodology, it presents results on small to medium water clusters as well as on liquid water.
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• SYNTHESIS.Addition of Terminal Acetylides to C=O and C=N Electrophiles.Synthesis of Heterocycles and Carbocycles via Electrophilic Cyclization of Alkynes.Transition Metal Acetylides.ADVANCED MATERIALS-ORIENTED.Semiconducting Poly(arylene ethylene)s.Polyynes via Alkylidene Carbenes and Carbenoids.PROPERTIES AND THEORY.Theoretical Studies on Acetylenic Scaffolds.Macrocycles Based on Phenyl-Acetylene Scaffolding.Carbon-Rich Compounds: Acetylene-Based Carbon Allotropes.Chiral Acetylenic Macromolecules.Shape-Persistent Acetylenic Macrocycles for Ordered Systems.BIOLOGY-ORIENTED.Acetylenosaccharides.
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Acetylenes are an important and valuable class of compounds in organic synthesis. This book expands on this historically well-established concept, while incorporating the many new developments that have widened the number of applications in this field. It remains the only handbook available that embodies all the important facets of acetylene chemistry. Following the first section on synthesis, the leading authors deal with advanced materials before turning to the properties and theory of acetylenes, while a final section looks at the biological aspects. With its range of experimental procedures, this book is a practical aid for both organic and organometallic chemists, as well as for materials scientists, biochemists, and industrial chemists.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction and Combined Acid Catalysis Super Bronsted Acids Chiral Bronsted Acids Li(I), Na(I) and K(I) Lewis Acids Mg(II), CA(II) and Zn(II) Lewis Acids B(III) Lewis Acids Al(III) Lewis Acids Ga(III) Lewis Acids In(III) Lewis Acids Si(IV) Lewis Acids Sn(II) and Sn(IV) Lewis Acids Bi(III) Lewis Acids Sc(III) and Y(III) Lewis Acids Lanthanide Lewis Acids Ti(IV) Lewis Acids Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) Lewis Acids Transition Metal Lewis Acids: From Vanadium to Platinum Cu(I) and Cu(II) Lewis Acids Ag(I) and Au(I) Lewis Acids Polymer-Supported Metal Lewis Acids.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This two volume set covers all new developments and, in addition, includes the hot concept of combined Bronsted and Lewis acid catalysis, developed by Hisashi Yamamoto himself. The excellent editorial team has put together an equally top team of expert authors, resulting in a true treasure trove of essential information making this a must for every chemist working in organic chemistry and catalysis, in academia as well as in industry.
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• 1. Introduction
• 2. Acid-base equilibria: quantitative treatment
• 3. Solvation and acid-base strength
• 4. Determination of dissociation constants
• 5. Protic solvents
• 6. High-basicity, aprotic solvents
• 7. Low-basicity and low-polarity aprotic solvents
• 8. Acid-base equilibria and salt formation
• 9. Appendices: Dissociation constants in methanol and aprotic solvents
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Acids and bases are ubiquitous in chemistry. Our understanding of them, however, is dominated by their behaviour in water. Transfer to non-aqueous solvents leads to profound changes in acid-base strengths and to the rates and equilibria of many processes: for example, synthetic reactions involving acids, bases and nucleophiles; isolation of pharmaceutical actives through salt formation; formation of zwitter- ions in amino acids; and chromatographic separation of substrates. This book seeks to enhance our understanding of acids and bases by reviewing and analysing their behaviour in non-aqueous solvents. The behaviour is related where possible to that in water, but correlations and contrasts between solvents are also presented. Fundamental background material is provided in the initial chapters: quantitative aspects of acid-base equilibria, including definitions and relationships between solution pH and species distribution; the influence of molecular structure on acid strengths; and acidity in aqueous solution. Solvent properties are reviewed, along with the magnitude of the interaction energies of solvent molecules with (especially) ions; the ability of solvents to participate in hydrogen bonding and to accept or donate electron pairs is seen to be crucial. Experimental methods for determining dissociation constants are described in detail. In the remaining chapters, dissociation constants of a wide range of acids in three distinct classes of solvents are discussed: protic solvents, such as alcohols, which are strong hydrogen-bond donors; basic, polar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide; and low-basicity and low polarity solvents, such as acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran. Dissociation constants of individual acids vary over more than 20 orders of magnitude among the solvents, and there is a strong differentiation between the response of neutral and charged acids to solvent change. Ion-pairing and hydrogen-bonding equilibria, such as between phenol and phenoxide ions, play an increasingly important role as the solvent polarity decreases, and their influence on acid-base equilibria and salt formation is described.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter
• Number Chapter
• Title
• Preface
• 1. Ethics in Scientific Publication
• Appendix 1-1 Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research
• 2. Scientific Papers
• 3. The Editorial Process
• 4. Writing Style and Word Usage
• 5. Electronic Submission of Manuscripts Using Web-Based Systems
• 6. Peer Review
• 7. Copyright Basics
• 8. Markup Languages and the Datument
• Appendix 8-1 The IUPAC International Chemical Identifier, InChI
• 9. Grammar, Punctuation, and Spelling
• 10. Editorial Style
• 11. Numbers, Mathematics, and Units of Measure
• 12. Names and Numbers for Chemical Compounds
• Appendix 12-1 End-of-Line Hyphenation of Chemical Names
• Appendix 12-2 Representation of Combinatorial Chemistry
• 13. Conventions in Chemistry
• Appendix 13-1 Symbols for Commonly Used Physical Quantities
• Appendix 13-2 The Crystallographic Information File
• 14. References
• 15. Figures
• 16. Tables
• 17. Chemical Structures
• 18. Bibliography
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In the time since the second edition of The ACS Style Guide was published, the rapid growth of electronic communication has dramatically changed the scientific, technical, and medical (STM) publication world. This dynamic mode of dissemination is enabling scientists, engineers, and medical practitioners all over the world to obtain and transmit information quickly and easily. An essential constant in this changing environment is the requirement that information remain accurate, clear, unambiguous, and ethically sound. This extensive revision of The ACS Style Guide thoroughly examines electronic tools now available to assist STM writers in preparing manuscripts and communicating with publishers. Valuable updates include discussions of markup languages, citation of electronic sources, online submission of manuscripts, and preparation of figures, tables, and structures. In keeping current with the changing environment, this edition also contains references to many resources on the internet.With this wealth of new information, The ACS Style Guide's Third Edition continues its long tradition of providing invaluable insight on ethics in scientific communication, the editorial process, copyright, conventions in chemistry, grammar, punctuation, spelling, and writing style for any STM author, reviewer, or editor. The Third Edition is the definitive source for all information needed to write, review, submit, and edit scholarly and scientific manuscripts.
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• CHEMISTRY OF METALATED CONTAINER MOLECULES Introduction Metalated Container Molecules: A Brief Overview Metalated Container Molecules of Binucleating Supporting Ligands THE CHEMISTRY OF SUPERBASIC GUANIDINES Properties of the Guanidine Functionality Design of Superbasic Proton Sponges Some Perspectives in Proton Sponge Chemistry Multidentate Superbasic Guanidine Ligands as Receptors for Metal Cations The Chemistry of Guanidine Copper Complexes The Chemistry of Guanidine Zinc Complexes IRON COMPLEXES AND DIOXYGEN ACTIVATION Introduction Dinuclear Iron Peroxo Complexes Tripodal Tetradentate Ligands and Derivatives Monomuclear Iron Peroxo Complexes Mononuclear Iron Oxo Species Work in Progress TUNING OF STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF BISPIDINE COMPLEXES Introduction Jahn-Teller Isomerism with Copper(II) Bispidines Stabilization of High-Spin Ferryl Complexes Jahn-Teller-Distorted Cobalt(III) Complexes NOVEL PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN DONOR LIGANDS BEARING SECONDARY FUNCTIONALITIES FOR APPLICATIONS IN HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS Introduction Phosphine Ligands Nitrogen Donor Ligands Without Phosphorus Sites SQUARE-PYRAMIDAL COORDINATED PHOSPHINE IRON FRAGMENTS: A TALE OF THE UNEXPECTED Introduction Polyphosphine Ligands with Three and Four Coordinating Arms C-P Bond Activation and Agostic Interactions in Iron Complexes of Polypodal Phosphine Ligands Mechanistic Considerations REGIOSELECTIVE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEXES WITH NH, NR-SUBSTIUTED HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE LIGANDS Introduction Concept of Regioselective Substrate Activation Synthesis of Complexes with NH, NR-Stabilized NHC Ligands Preparation of Substrates for Catalytic Experiments Catalysis Experiments FUNCTIONALIZED CYCLOHEPTATRIENYL-CYCLOPENTADIENYL SANDWICH COMPLEXES AS BUILDING BLOCKS IN METALLO-SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY Introduction Syntheses and Electronic Structure of Group 4 Cycloheptatrienyl-Cyclopentadienyl Sandwich Complexes Syntheses and Reactivity of Ansa-Cycloheptatrienyl-Cyclopentadienyl Complexes Ring-Opening Reactions of Ansa-Cycloheptatrienyl-Cyclopentadienyl Complexes Phosphine-Functionalized Cycloheptatrienyl-Cyclopentadienyl Sandwich Complexes MONOSACCHARIDE LIGANDS IN ORGANOTITANIUM AND ORGANOZIRCONIUM CHEMISTRY Introduction Synthesis of Organotitanium Carbohydrate Compounds Organotitanium Carbohydrate Compounds for Use in Catalytic Reactions: Polymerization of Ethylene Intramolecular Hydroamination of Aminoalkenes Organozirconium Carbohydrate Compounds Amine Exchange Chiral Recognition REACTIONS OF C-F BONDS WITH TITANOCENE AND ZIRCONOCENE: FROM SECONDARY INTERACTION VIA BOND CLEAVAGE TO CATALYSIS Introduction and Background Secondary Interactions with C-F Bonds Formation of M-F Bonds Stoichiometric Formation of Zr-H Bonds Catalytic Formation of Zr-H Bonds BISAZINES IN THE COORDINATION SPHERE OF EARLY TRANSITION METALS Introduction Results and Discussion BIFUNCTIONAL MOLECULAR SYSTEMS WITH PENDANT BIS(PENTAFLUOROPHENYL)BORYL GROUPS: FROM INTRAMOLECULAR CH-ACTIVATION TO HETEROLYTIC DIHYDROGEN SPLITTING Introduction Bifunctional Zirconum/Boron Systems Bifunctional Group 9 Metal/Boron Systems Bifunctional Phosphorus/Boron Systems RUTHENIUM-CONTAINING POLYOXOTUNGSTATES: STRUCTURE AND REDOX ACTIVITY Introduction The Organoruthenium(II)-Containing 49-Tungsto-8-Phosphate[{K(H2O)}3{Ro(p-cymene)()H2O)}4P8W49O186(H 2O)2
• ]27- The Mono-Ruthenium(III)-Substituted Keggin-Type 11-Tungstosilicate [alpha-SiW11O39Ru111(H2=)
• ]5- and its Dimerization FROM NO TO PEROXIDE ACTIVATION BY MODEL IRON(III) COMPLEXES Introduction NO Activation by Fe(III) Complexes Peroxide Activation by Fe(III) Complexes SYNTHETIC NITROGEN FIXATION WITH MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN PHOSPHINE COMPLEXES: NEW DEVELOPMENTS Introduction Mechanistic Investigation of the Chatt Cycle New Phosphine and Mixed P/N Ligands for Synthetic Nitrogen Fixation DIRECTED C-H FUNCTIONALIZATIONS Introduction Results and Discussion DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL RUTHENIUM AND IRON CATALYSTS FOR EPOXIDATION WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Introduction Development of Epoxidation Catalysts Using H2O2 PENTACOORDINATING BIS(OXAZOLINE) LIGANDS WITH SECONDARY BINDING SITES FLAVIN PHOTOCATALYSTS WITH SUBSTRATE BINDING SITES Introduction Templated Flavin Photoreductions Templated Flavin Photooxidations NEW CATALYTIC CU-, PD- AND STOICHIOMETRIC MG-, ZN-MEDIATED BOND ACTIVATIONS Introduction Catalytic Activation Stoichiometric Activation FROM COBALT(II)-ACTIVATED MOLECULAR OXYGEN TO HYDROCYMETHYL-SUBSTITUTED TETRAHYDROFURANS Introduction Thermochemical Considerations Cobalt(II)-Diketonate Complexes Reactivity Stereoselectivity Survey A Derivative of Magnosalicin Expanding the Scope REGIODIVERGENT EPOXIDE OPENING Epoxide Opening via Nucleophilic Substitution: Limitations Arising from the SN2-Mechanism Regiodivergent Epoxide Opening (REO): Mechanistic Implications, Synthetic Potential, and Aspects of Catalyst Design Reductive Epoxide Opening via Electron Transfer from Titanocene(III) Reagents Synthetic Realization of Titanocene-Catalyzed REO SUPRAMOLECULAR CONTAINERS: HOST-GUEST CHEMISTRY AND REACTIVITY Introduction M4L4Tetrahedra Amino Acid-Bridged Dinuclear Titanium(IV) Complexes as Metalloenzyme Mimicry SELF-ASSEMBLY OF DINUCLEAR HELICAL METALLOSUPRAMOLECULAR COORDINATION COMPOUNDS Introduction The Concept of Diastereoselective Self-Assembly of Dinuclear Helicates Synthesis of Building Blocks for the Covalent Assembly of Bis(Chelating) Ligands Synthesis of Bis(Chelating) Ligands and Their Dinuclear Metal Complexes.
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The use of secondary interactions for the activation of non-reactive substrates constitutes a new and modern approach in catalysis. This first comprehensive treatment of this important research field covers the entire field and reveals the links between the various chemical disciplines. It thus adopts an interdisciplinary approach, making it of interest to the whole chemical community. This book is a must for organic, inorganic, catalytic and complex chemists, as well as those working with/on organometallics.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface. List of Contributors. 1 Carbon Dioxide Reduction and Uses as a Chemical Feedstock (Michele Aresta). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Properties of the CO2 Molecule. 1.3 CO2 Coordination to Metal Centers and Reactivity of Coordinated C
• O2. 1.4 CO2 Conversion. 1.5 Conclusions. References. 2 Nitrogen Monoxide and Nitrous Oxide Binding and Reduction (Dong-Heon Lee, Biplab Mondal, and Kenneth D. Karlin). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 NO. 2.3 N2O. 2.4 Summary and Conclusions. References. 3 Bio-organometallic Approaches to Nitrogen Fixation Chemistry (Jonas C. Peters and Mark P. Mehn). 3.1 Introduction - The N2 Fixation Challenge. 3.2 Biological N2 Reduction. 3.3 Biomimetic Systems that Model Structure and Function. 3.4 Concluding Remarks. References. 4 The Activation of Dihydrogen (Jesse W. Tye and Michael B. Hall). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Structure and Bonding of Metal-bound H-Atoms. 4.3 Intramolecular H-Atom Exchange. 4.4 Nonclassical H-Bonds. 4.5 Reactivity of Metal-bound H-Atoms. 4.6 Recent Advances in the Activation of Dihydrogen by Synthetic Complexes. 4.7 Enzymatically Catalyzed Dihydrogen Oxidation and Proton Reduction. 4.8 Conclusions. Acknowledgments. Abbreviations. References. 5 Molecular Oxygen Binding and Activation: Oxidation Catalysis (Candace N. Cornell and Matthew S. Sigman). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Additive Coreductants. 5.3 Ligand-modified Catalysis. 5.4 Conclusions and Outlook. References. 6 Dioxygen Binding and Activation: Reactive Intermediates (Andrew S. Borovik, Paul J. Zinn and Matthew K. Zart). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Dioxygen Binders. 6.3 Reactive Intermediates: Iron and Copper Species. 6.4 Cobalt-Dioxygen Complexes. 6.5 Manganese-Dioxygen Complexes. 6.6 Nickel-Dioxygen Complexes and Their Reactive Intermediates. 6.7 Summary. Acknowledgments. References. 7 Methane Functionalization (Brian Conley, William J. Tenn, III, Kenneth J.H. Young, Somesh Ganesh, Steve Meier, Jonas Oxgaard, Jason Gonzales, William A. Goddard, III, and Roy A. Periana). 7.1 Methane as a Replacement for Petroleum. 7.2 Low Temperature is Key to Economical Methane Functionalization. 7.3 CH Activation as a Pathway to Economical Methane Functionalization via CH Hydroxylation. 7.4 Conclusions and Perspective for Methane Functionalization. References. 8 Water Activation: Catalytic Hydrolysis (Lisa M. Berreau). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Water Activation: Coordination Sphere Effects on M-OH2 Acidity and Structure. 8.3 Secondary H-Bonding Effects on Substrate Coordination, Activation and Catalytic Hydrolysis Involving Phosphate Esters. 8.4 Summary and Future Directions. References. 9 Carbon Monoxide as a Chemical Feedstock: Carbonylation Catalysis (Piet W.N.M. van Leeuwen and Zoraida Freixa). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Rhodium-catalyzed Hydroformylation. 9.3 Methanol Carbonylation. 9.4 Concluding Remarks. References. Subject Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The first to combine both the bioinorganic and the organometallic view, this handbook provides all the necessary knowledge in one convenient volume. Alongside a look at CO2 and N2 reduction, the authors discuss O2, NO and N2O binding and reduction, activation of H2 and the oxidation catalysis of O2. This book is edited by the highly renowned William Tolman, who has won several awards for his research in the field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The complete table of contents can be found on the Internet: http://www.springer.de.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

In the last few years a large repetoire of methods for the activation of unreactive organic functionalities and for their use in organic synthesis has been developed. In this volume, areas ranging from the activation of C-H bonds to the chemical transformation of dinitrogen are authoritatively discussed by leading experts in the field. To activate means to be able to cleave otherwise inert chemical bonds. The cleavage and formation of chemical bonds is fundamental to organic synthesis; these new activation methodologies make hitherto infeasible reactions extremely easy and create new opportunities for innovative organic transformations, for both industry and academia. This is the first book that provides a thorough and timely coverage of both inorganic and organic synthetic aspects of bond activation, thus giving a broad overview of the field and allowing both inorganic and organic chemists ready access to the methodologies involved.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• 1. An Industrial Perspective toward Analytical Chemical Education
• 2. Education for Analytical Chemistry in the U.S. from the 1950s to the Present
• 3. Cooperative Learning
• 4. Collaborative and Project-based Learning in Analytical Chemistry
• 5. Bioanalytical Chemistry. Model for a Fully Integrated PBL Approach
• 6. Context-Based Case Studies in Analytical Chemistry
• 7. Service-Learning: An Oxymoron in the Physical Sciences? Or 10 Years of Service-Learning - Where to?
• 8. Service-Learning in Analytical Chemistry. Extending the Laboratory into the Community
• 9. Web-Based Animations in Analytical Chemistry
• 10. Progression of Chemometrics in Research Supportive Curricula. Preparing for the Demands of Society
• 11. Web-Based Applications. Effective Application of Spectroscopy and Chemistry Software Tools within the Analytical Chemistry Curriculum to Facilitate Learning and Labwork
• 12. Active Learning Using the Virtual Mass Spectrometry Laboratory
• 13. The Analytical Sciences Digital Library. A Useful Resource for Active Learning
• 14. Establishing the Foundations of Analytical Chemistry Using a Web-Based Format
• 15. Analytical Science Education for Chemical Laboratory Technicians
• 16. Teaching and Learning Quantitative Analysis
• 17. Active Learning in the Introductory Graduate Student Analytical Chemistry
• 18. Course: Getting Students to "Think Analytically"
• 19. Collaborative Research. The Good, the Bad, and the Beautiful
• 20. Final Thoughts.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in the application of active learning methods including problem-based learning, cooperative learning, and service learning and supportive strategies such as electronic methods to the college/university chemistry classroom and laboratory. This symposium series book focuses on the application of active learning methods in teaching analytical science, broadly defined, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. The volume includes a wide range of examples of how these methods are being applied at public and private community colleges, four-year colleges, and graduate research universities in the United States and abroad. As such the strategies and materials described in the book should be of interest to analytical chemists, chemical educators, and chemistry teaching faculty and graduate students no matter their area of specialization.
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• Overview of energetics and reactivity of oxygen. Autoxidation. Superoxide and hydroxyl radical chemistry in aqueous solution. Properties and reactions of singlet dioxygen. Reactions of hydroperoxides and peroxides. Catalytic oxidations with oxygen: an industrial perspective. Reactions of oxygen species in the atmosphere. Reactive oxygen species in natural waters.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Overview of energetics and reactivity. Reactions of oxyradicals. Reactions of singlet dioxygen. Reactions of superoxide. Metal complex reactions with dioxygen. Heterogeneous oxidation catalysis. Atmospheric oxygen chemistry. Chemical reagents that are oxygen equivalents.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this work and its counterpart, "Active Oxygen in Biochemistry", explore the active research area of the chemistry and biochemistry of oxygen. Together, the two volumes integrate subject areas including medicine, biology, chemistry, and engineering.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
This volume focuses on the energetic and reactions of dioxygen (02) and its reactive species (radical ions and superoxides). Chapters include important chemical reactions that occur with metals, in oxidation catalysis, and in the atmosphere. This book should be of interest to graduate students in organic chemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Basic principles
• the empirical adsorption isotherms
• calorimetric effects in adsorption
• the interpretation of empirical isotherms in terms of surface heterogeneity
• ideal monolayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces
• on the nature of the heterogeneity of real solid surfaces
• low pressure adsorption and the virial description
• mobile monolayer adsorption with lateral interactions
• localized monolayer adsorption with interactions between adsorbed molecules
• multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces
• numerical methods of evaluating the adsorption energy distribution
• multisite occupancy adsorption on heterogeneous solid surfaces
• computer simulation of adsorption on heterogeneous solid surfaces.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

All real solid surfaces are, to some extent, heterogeneous. This book provides a detailed survey of the present state of gas adsorption and coverage extends from basic principles to computer simulation of adsorption. Underlying concepts are clarified, and the strengths and weaknesses of the various methods are examined. Topics discussed include adsorption isotherm equations for different types of heterogeneous solid surfaces, studies of the phase behaviour of gases absorbed, the methods for determining the nature of surface heterogeneity and porosity from experimental data, and computer simulation of adsorption on these surfaces. The text is intended for graduate students and professionals in physical chemistry, and for chemical engineers working on catalysis and gas separation.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Summarizes the past ten years in the field with papers by physicists, chemists, experimentalists, and theorists. Subjects covered include molecular models of organic adsorption at metal-water interfaces, adsorption and two-dimensional phase transitions at electrode surfaces, molecular adsorption at.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Uniform and Thermodynamically Consistent Interpretation of Adsorption Isotherms. Adsorption on Heterogeneous Surfaces. Models for the Pore-Size Distribution of Microporous Materials from a Single Adsorption Isotherm. Adsorption Isotherms for the Supercritical Region. Irreversible Adsorption of Particles. Multicomponent Adsorption: Principles and Models. Rare-Gas Adsorption. Problems in Physical Chemistry and the Analysis of Adsorption-Desorption Kinetics. Stochastic Modeling of Adsorption Kinetics. Adsorption from Liquid Mixtures on Solid Surfaces. Surface Complexation Models of Adsorption: A Critical Survey in the Context of Experimental Data. Adsorption from Electrolyte Solutions. Polymer Adsorption at Solid Surfaces. Modeling of Protein Adsorption Equilibrium at Hydrophobic Solid-Water Interfaces. Protein Adsorption Kinetics. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Meticulously prepared, this reference offers an overview of achieved in gas-solid (G/S), liquid-solid (L/S), and gas-liquid (G/L) adsorption research. It emphasizes the interpretation and application of various hypotheses, providing mathematically and thermodynamically accurate assessments. The book covers how to calculate mono - or multilayer adsorption, the structure of an adsorbed layer, the kinetics of each process, changes in free energy of surface, and exact isotherm equations when measuring a G/L, G/S, or L/S isotherm. Other topics include rare-gas adsorption, "supercritical region" isotherms, hydrophobic solid-water interfaces, and more.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy for Self-Assembled Monolayers (P. Brodard, H. Fukumura).
• Chapter 2: Monolayer Properties Probed by Surface Forces Measurements (A. Dendinaite).
• Chapter 3: Surface Plasmon Optics for the Characterization of Biofunctional Architectures (Fang Yu et al.).
• Chapter 4: Probing Surfactant Adsorption at the Solid-Solutin Interface by Neutron Reflectometry (J. Penfold, R.K. Thomas).
• Chapter 5: Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy of Lipid Membranes (B.N. Flanders, R.C. Dunn).
• Chapter 6: Micro/Nano Lithography using Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs)(O. Takai, K. Hayashi).
• Chapter 7: Highly Fluorinated Lnagmuir, Langmuir-Blodgett and Gibbs Monolayers (M. Pierre Krafft).
• Chapter 8: Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Polyalkylsiloxane Monolayers Prepared onto the Solid Substrate (T. Koga, A. Takahara).
• Chapter 9: Hono- and Hybrid-Monolayers of Dendritic Polymers (Toyoko Imae et al.).
• Chapter 10: Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy of Monolayers at the Air-Water Interface (Jiayin Zheng, R.M. Leblanc).
• Chapter 11: Measurement of Complex Formation and Agfregation at the Liquid-Liquid interface (Hitoshi Watarai).
• Chapter 12: Monolayers on air/Solid Interfacwes Vibrational Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy Studies (Yukihiro Ozaki et al.).
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

"Advanced Chemistry of Monolayers at Interfaces" describes the advanced chemistry of monolayers at interfaces. It focuses on the recent trends of methodology and technology, which are indispensable in monolayer science. They are applied to monolayers of surfactants, amphiphiles, polymers, dendrimers, enzymes, and proteins, which serve many uses. It introduces the methodologies of scanning probe microscopy, surface force instrumentation, surface spectroscopy, surface plasmon optics, reflectometry, and near-field scanning optical microscopy. Modern interface reaction method, lithographic technology and different types of monolayers like adsorption, Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers at air/liquid, liquid/liquid, liquid/solid and air/solid interfaces, are all covered. Introducing novel methodologies and technologies, it covers the different types of monolayers. It discusses all currently available instrumental techniques for studying all types of monolayer.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Survey of Excel
• 2. Simple linear least squares
• 3. Further linear least squares
• 4. Non-linear least squares
• 5. Fourier transformation
• 6. Convolution, deconvolution & time-frequency analysis
• 7. Numerical integration of ordinary differential equations
• 8. Write your own macros
• 9. Some common mathematical operations
• 10. Matrix operations
• 11. Spreadsheet reliability
• A. SOME ASPECTS OF EXCEL
• B. SOME DETAILS OF MATRIX.XLA
• C. MACROBUNDLES & MACROMORSELS
• D. TRANSITIONING TO EXCEL 2007
• INDEX.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Excel is by far the most widely distributed data analysis software, but few users are aware of its full powers. This book takes off where most other books dealing with scientific applications of Excel end. It focuses on three areas: least squares, Fourier transformation, and digital simulation, and illustrates these with extensive examples, often taken from the literature. It also includes and describes a number of sample macros and functions to facilitate common data analysis tasks. These macros and functions are provided in uncompiled, computer-readable, easily modifiable form, and readers can therefore use them as starting points for making their own, personalized data analysis tools. The second edition of Advanced Excel addresses two recent developments. First, the new version of Excel, introduced at the beginning of 2007, has many more columns (16,384) than the present version (256), making it a much better environment for matrix operations, a staple of advanced mathematical methods in science and engineering, and a natural for a wide spreadsheet. The second edition includes a chapter explaining and illustrating matrix algebra in Excel.The second recent development is one outside Microsoft. An Italian engineer, Leonardo Volpi, has developed software with which Excel calculations can be made much more precise. With this freely downloadable tool, which de Levie has already used quite extensively, Excel can be made into a highly precise instrument, not only for scientific data analysis, but also for statistics, something it has not been in the past. This edition includes a new chapter on numerical methods (mostly devoted to working with matrices) and a new chapter on spreadsheet reliability (with emphasis on using Volpi's high-precision tools).
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• What are free radicals. Functional group conversion. Intramolecular radical cyclizations. Intermolecular radical addition reactions. Alkylation of aromatics. Intramolecular hydrogen-atom abstraction. Synthetic uses of free radicals for nucleosides and sugars: Barton-McCombie reaction. Barton decarboxylation reaction with N-hydroxy-2-thiopyridone. Free radical reactions with metal hydrides. Stereochemistry in free radical reactions. Free radicals related to biology. Free radicals for green chemistry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Free radical reactions have become increasingly important and a very attractive tool in organic synthesis in the last two decades, due to their powerful, selective, specific, and mild reaction abilities. "Advanced Free Radical Reactions for Organic Synthesis" reviews information on all types of practical radical reactions, e.g. cyclizations, additions, hydrogen-atom abstractions, decarboxylation reactions. The book usefully provides experimental details for the most important reactions as well as numerous references to the original literature. By covering both the fundamentals and synthetic applications, it is therefore suitable for both new and experienced researchers, chemists, biochemists, natural product chemists and graduate students. This title is the definitive guide to radical chemistry for all scientists. It introduces and reviews the use of radicals to perform synthetic transformations. Practical details are provided for the most important methods.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• v. 1, Synthesis - v. 2, Processing and spectroscopy - v. 3, Electronic and photonic properties - v. 4, Physical properties and applications.

• SURVEY OF PRINCIPLES. Some Cross--Cutting Topics. THE CHEMISTRY OF THE MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS. Hydrogen. The Group 1 Elements: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr. The Group 2 Elements: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra. Boron. The Group 13 Elements: Al, Ga, In, Tl. Carbon. The Group 14 Elements: Si, Ge, Sn, Pb. Nitrogen. The Group 15 Elements: P, As, Sb, Bi. Oxygen. The Group 16 Elements: S, Se, Te, Po. The Group 17 Elements: F, CI, Br, I, At. The Group 18 Elements: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn. The Group 12 Elements: Zn, Cd, Hg. THE CHEMISRTY OF THE TRANSITION ELEMENTS. Survey of the Transition Elements. The Elements of the First Transition Series. The Elements of the Second and Third Transition Series. The Group 3 Elements and the Lanthanides. The Actinide Elements. THE ROLE OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY IN CATALYSIS. Fundamental Reactions Steps of Transition Metal Catalyzed Reaction. Homogeneous Catalysis by Transition Metal Complexes. Appendices. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

For more than a quarter century, Cotton and Wilkinson's Advanced Inorganic Chemistry has been the source that students and professional chemists have turned to for the background needed to understand current research literature in inorganic chemistry and aspects of organometallic chemistry. Like its predecessors, this updated Sixth Edition is organized around the periodic table of elements and provides a systematic treatment of the chemistry of all chemical elements and their compounds. It incorporates important recent developments with an emphasis on advances in the interpretation of structure, bonding, and reactivity. From the reviews of the Fifth Edition: "The first place to go when seeking general information about the chemistry of a particular element, especially when up-to-date, authoritative information is desired." -Journal of the American Chemical Society. "Every student with a serious interest in inorganic chemistry should have [this book]." -Journal of Chemical Education. "A mine of information ...an invaluable guide." -Nature. "The standard by which all other inorganic chemistry books are judged."-Nouveau Journal de Chimie. "A masterly overview of the chemistry of the elements."-The Times of London Higher Education Supplement. "A bonanza of information on important results and developments which could otherwise easily be overlooked in the general deluge of publications." -Angewandte Chemie.
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• SURVEY OF PRINCIPLES: Concepts in Stereochemistry and Bonding
• THE CHEMISTRY OF THE MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS: The Group IA(1) Elements
• Boron: Group IIIA(13)
• Carbon: Group IVA(14)
• Nitrogen: Group VA(15)
• Oxygen: Group VIA(16)
• The Group VIIIA(18) Elements: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe
• THE CHEMISTRY OF THE TRANSITION ELEMENTS: The Elements of the First Transition Series
• The Elements of the Second and Third Transition Series
• Actinium, Thorium, Proctactiniu, and the Actinide Elements
• SURVEY OF SELECTED AREAS: Transition Metal Carbon Monoxide Compounds
• Compounds with Transition Metal Single, Double, and Triple Bonds to Carbon
• Oxidative-Addition and Migration (Insertion) Reactions
• Bioinorganic Chemistry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This text incorporates many new chemical developments, particularly the more recent theoretical advances in the interpretation of bonding and reactivity in inorganic compounds. It provides a reasonable achievement for advanced students, as it encompasses the chemistry of all chemical elements and their compounds, including interpretative discussion in the light of advances in structural chemistry, general valence theory, and ligand field theory. The text covers the periodic table systematically, and special chapters treat metal atom clusters, reaction mechanisms, metal carbonyls, and bio-inorganic chemistry. Since the 4th edition, descriptive chemistry has been increased and theoretical material decreased where necessary.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Chemoinformatics is a scientific area that endeavours to study and solve complex chemical problems using computational techniques and methods. The collection of topics in this book aims to reflect the diversity of recent advances in chemoinformatics with a broad perspective which may be useful for scientists as well as for graduate students and engineers. This book presents leading-edge research from around the world in this dynamic field. Advanced Methods and Applications in Chemoinformatics: Research Methods and New Applications provides innovative chapters on the growth of educational, scientific, and industrial research activities among chemists and chemical engineers and provides a medium for mutual communication between international academia and the industry. This book contains significant research reporting new methodologies and important applications in the fields of chemical informatics as well as the latest coverage of chemical databases and the development of new computational methods and efficient algorithms for chemical software and chemical engineering.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Second quantization
• effective Hamiltonian approaches
• semiclassical theories
• wavepacket propagation
• potential energy surfaces
• the reaction path method
• variational transition state theory
• quantum theory for rate constants
• statistical and phase space methods
• photodissociation
• density operators
• evolution of a total system
• non-equilibrium solvation
• molecular properties of solvated molecules
• magnetic properties of solvated molecules
• quantum model for electron transfer
• electron transfer coupling elements
• electron transfer reactions coupled to a quantum mechanical radiation field
• proton transfer reactions in solution.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

A comprehensive, in--depth presentation of theoretical underpinnings and mathematical techniques This is the first book of its kind to combine all the theories of molecular reaction dynamics and chemical kinetics in a single source. It provides a sophisticated treatment of the material that functions both as a professional reference and a high--level text for PhD and postdoctoral researchers. Advanced Molecular Dynamics and Chemical Kinetics offers exceptional, in--depth coverage and includes a complete discussion of the theoretical as well as mathematical presentation of techniques. It features relevant exercises as well as comprehensive coverage of: Second Quantization Semiclassical Theory Quantum Theory of Reaction Rates Feynman Path Integrals Wavepacket Propagation and Grid Methods Photodissociation Molecular Properties of Solvated Molecules Quantum Model for Electron Transfer Electron Transfer Coupling Elements Proton Transfer Reactions in Solution This is the ideal reference for seasoned professionals in molecular reaction dynamics as well as for younger researchers who may want to enter the field or simply wish to learn more about it. Also available: Introduction to Molecular Dynamics and Chemical Kinetics Gert D. Billing and Kurt V. Mikkelsen.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Alkylation of Enolates and Other Carbon Nucleophiles.- Reactions of Carbon Nucleophiles with Carbonyl Groups.- Functional Group Interconversion, Protection and Deprotection.- Electrophilic Additions to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds.- Reduction of Carbon-Carbon Multiple, Carbonyl Groups, and Other Functional Groups.- Cycloadditions, Unimolecular Rearrangements, and Thermal Eliminations.- Organometallic Compounds of the Group I, II, and III Metals.- Reactions Involving the Transition Metals.- Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions of Compounds of Boron, Silicon, and Tin.- Reactions Involving Carbocations, Carbenes, and Radicals as Intermediates.- Aromatic Substitution Reactions.- Oxidations.- Planning and Execution of Multistep Syntheses.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chemical Bonding and Structure.- Stereochemistry, Conformation and Stereoselectivity.- Structural Effects on Stability and Reactivity.- Nucleophilic Substitution.- Polar Addition and Elimination Reactions.- Carbanions and Other Carbon Nucleophiles.- Addition, Condensation and Substitution Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds.- Aromaticity.- Aromatic Substitution.- Concerted Pericyclic Reactions.- Free Radical Reactions.- Photochemistry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Since its original appearance in 1977, Advanced Organic Chemistry has maintained its place as the premier textbook in the field, offering broad coverage of the structure, reactivity and synthesis of organic compounds. As in the earlier editions, the text contains extensive references to both the primary and review literature and provides examples of data and reactions that illustrate and document the generalizations. While the text assumes completion of an introductory course in organic chemistry, it reviews the fundamental concepts for each topic that is discussed. The two-part fifth edition has been substantially revised and reorganized for greater clarity. Among the changes: Updated material reflecting advances in the field since 2001??'s Fourth Edition, especially in computational chemistry; A companion Web site provides digital models for study of structure, reaction and selectivity; Solutions to the exercises provided to instructors online. The control of reactivity to achieve specific syntheses is one of the overarching goals of organic chemistry. Part B describes the most general and useful synthetic reactions, organized on the basis of reaction type. Together with Part A: Structure and Mechanisms, the two volumes are intended to provide the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate student in chemistry with a sufficient foundation to comprehend and use the research literature in organic chemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
The two-part, fifth edition of Advanced Organic Chemistry has been substantially revised and reorganized for greater clarity. The material has been updated to reflect advances in the field since the previous edition, especially in computational chemistry. Part A covers fundamental structural topics and basic mechanistic types. It can stand-alone; together, with Part B: Reaction and Synthesis, the two volumes provide a comprehensive foundation for the study in organic chemistry. Companion websites provide digital models for study of structure, reaction and selectivity for students and exercise solutions for instructors.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Alkylation of Nuclephilic Carbon
• Reactions of Carbon Nucleophiles with Carbonyl Groups
• Functional Group Interconversion by Nucleophilic Substitution
• Electrophilic Additions to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds
• Reduction of Carbonyl and Other Functional Groups
• Cycloadditions, Unimolecular Rearrangements, and Thermal Eliminations
• Organometallic Compounds of the Group I and II Metals
• Reactions Involving the Transition Metals
• Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions of Compounds of Boron, Silicon and Tin
• Reactions Involving Carbocations, Carbenes and Radicals as Reactive Intermediates
• Aromatic Substitution Reactions
• Oxidations
• Planning and Execution of Multi-Step Syntheses.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chemical bonding and structure
• stereochemical principles
• conformational, steric and stereoelectronic effects
• study and description of organic reaction mechanisms
• nucleophilic substitution
• polar addition and elimination reactions
• cabanions and other nucleophilic carbon species
• reactions of carbonyl compounds
• aromaticity
• aromatic substitution
• concerted pericyclic reactions
• free-radical reactions
• photochemistry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface to the Fourth Edition. Part A: Structure and Mechanisms.
• 1. Chemical Bonding and Structure.
• 2. Stereochemical Principles.
• 3. Conformational, Steric, and Stereoelectronic Effects.
• 4. Study and Description of Organic Reaction Mechanisms.
• 5. Nucleophilic Substitution.
• 6. Polar Addition and Elimination Reactions.
• 7. Cabanions and Other Nucleophilic Carbon Species.
• 8. Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds.
• 9. Aromaticity.
• 10. Aromatic Substitution.
• 11. Concerted Pericyclic Reactions.
• 12. Free-Radical Reactions.
• 13. Photochemistry. References. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Since its original appearance in 1977, "Advanced Organic Chemistry" has found wide use as a text providing broad coverage of the structure, reactivity and synthesis of organic compounds. The Fourth Edition provides updated material but continues the essential elements of the previous edition. The material in Part A is organized on the basis of fundamental structural topics such as structure, stereochemistry, conformation and aromaticity and basic mechanistic types, including nucleophilic substitution, addition reactions, carbonyl chemistry, aromatic substitution and free radical reactions. The material in Part B is organized on the basis of reaction type with emphasis on reactions of importance in laboratory synthesis. As in the earlier editions, the text contains extensive references to both the primary and review literature and provides examples of data and reactions that illustrate and document the generalizations. While the text assumes completion of an introductory course in organic chemistry, it reviews the fundamental concepts for each topic that is discussed. The Fourth Edition updates certain topics that have advanced rapidly in the decade since the Third Edition was published, including computational chemistry, structural manifestations of aromaticity, enantioselective reactions and lanthanide catalysis. The two parts stand alone, although there is considerable cross-referencing. Part A emphasizes quantitative and qualitative description of structural effects on reactivity and mechanism. Part B emphasizes the most general and useful synthetic reactions. The focus is on the core of organic chemistry, but the information provided forms the foundation for future study and research in medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry, biological chemistry and physical properties of organic compounds. The New Revised 5th Edition will be available shortly.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
The control of reactivity to achieve specific syntheses is one of the overarching goals of organic chemistry. In the decade since the publication of the third edition, major advances have been made in the development of efficient new methods, particularly catalytic processes, and in means for control of reaction stereochemistry. This volume assumes a level of familiarity with structural and mechanistic concepts comparable to that in the companion volume, Part A, "Structures and Mechanisms". Together, the two volumes are intended to provide the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate student in chemistry with a sufficient foundation to comprehend and use the research literature in organic chemistry. The New Revised 5th Edition will be available shortly.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introductory concepts and definitions
• chain dimensions, structures, and transitional phenomena
• polymers in solution
• polymer molecular weights
• condensation (step-growth) polymerization
• radical chain polymerization
• chain copolymerization
• ionic chain polymerization
• co-ordination addition polymerization
• ring-opening polymerization.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume employs a practical, problem-solving approach to understanding the detailed chemistry, kinetics and mechanisms of polymer synthesis. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the methods of synthesis and techniques of characterization unique to polymers. There are over 2000 equations, literature references, drawings, illustrative examples, exercises, and worked-out problems and answers to reinforce essential concepts discussed throughout the text.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• General InformationPreliminariesBench-top TechniquesGlove BoxesOperations on the High-vacuum LineSolvents and ReagentsCarrying Out Reactions in SolutionReaction Work-upReactions Between a Solid and a GasReactions Between SolidsProduct CharacterizationSpecial TechniquesPreparation of Starting MaterialsAppendicesIndex.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

While the boundaries between the areas of chemistry traditionally labeled as inorganic, organic and physical are gradually diffusing, the practical techniques adopted by workers in each of these areas are often radically different. The breadth and variety of research classed as "inorganic chemistry" is readily apparent from an inspection of some of the leading international journals, and can be quite daunting for newcomers to this domain who are likely to have only limited experience of the methodologies involved. This book has therefore been written to provide guidance for those unfamiliar with the techniques most often encountered in synthetic inorganic / metalorganic chemistry, with an emphasis on procedures for handling air-sensitive compounds. One chapter is devoted to more specialized techniques such as metal vapor synthesis, and a review of preparative methods for a selection of starting materials is included as an aid to those planning research projects.W hile this book is aimed primarily at postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students involved in inorganic research projects, synthetic organic chemists and industrial chemists will also find much useful information within its pages. Similarly, it serves as a useful reference source for materials and polymer scientists who wish to take advantage of recent progress in precursor synthesis and catalyst development.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• General introduction Safety Safety is your primary responsibility Safe working practice Safety risk assessments Common hazards Accident and emergency procedures Bibliography Keeping records of laboratory work Introduction The laboratory notebook Keeping records of data Some tips on report and thesis preparation References Equipping the laboratory and the bench Introduction Setting up the laboratory General laboratory equipment The individual bench Equipment for parallel experiments Equipment for controlled experimentation Purification and drying of solvents Introduction Purification of solvents Drying agents Drying of solvents References Reagents: Preparation, purification, and handling Introduction Classification of reagents for handling Techniques for obtaining pure and dry reagents Techniques for handling and measuring reagents Preparation and titration of simple organometallic reagents and lithium amide bases Preparation of diazomethane References Gases Introduction Use of gas cylinders Handling gases Measurement of gases Inert gases Reagent gases References Vacuum pumps Introduction House vacuum systems (low vacuum) Medium vacuum pumps High vacuum pumps Pressure measurement and regulation Carrying out the reaction Introduction Reactions with air-sensitive reagents Reaction monitoring Reactions at other than room temperature Driving equilibria Agitation Use of controlled reactor systems References Working up the reaction Introduction Quenching the reaction Isolation of the crude product Data that need to be collected on the crude product prior to purification Purification Introduction Crystallization Distillation Sublimation Flash chromatography Dry-column flash chromatography Preparative TLC Medium pressure and prepacked chromatography systems Preparative HPLC References Small-scale reactions Introduction Reactions at or below room temperature Reactions above room temperature Reactions in NMR tubes Purification of materials Large-scale reactions Introduction Carrying out the reaction Workup and product isolation Purification of the products Special procedures Introduction Catalytic hydrogenation Photolysis Ozonolysis Flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) Liquid ammonia reactions Microwave reactions References Characterization Introduction NMR spectra IR spectra UV spectroscopy Mass spectrometry Melting point (m.p.) and boiling point (b.p.) Optical rotation Microanalysis Keeping the data Troubleshooting: What to do when things don't work The chemical literature The structure of the chemical literature Some important paper-based sources of chemical information Some important electronic-based sources of chemical information How to find chemical information Current awareness References Appendices Properties of common solvents Properties of common gases Approximate pKa values for some common reagents versus common bases Common Bronsted acids Common Lewis acids Common reducing reagents Common oxidizing reagents Index.
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Any research that uses new organic chemicals, or ones that are not commercially available, will at some time require the synthesis of such compounds. Therefore, organic synthesis is important in many areas of both applied and academic research, from chemistry to biology, biochemistry, and materials science. The third edition of a bestseller, Advanced Practical Organic Chemistry is a guide that explains the basic techniques of organic chemistry, presenting the necessary information for readers to carry out widely used modern organic synthesis reactions. This book is written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as industrial organic chemists, particularly those involved in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and other areas of fine chemical research. It provides the novice or nonspecialist with the often difficult-to-find information on reagent properties needed to perform general techniques. With over 80 years combined experience training and developing organic research chemists in industry and academia, the authors offer sufficient guidance for researchers to perform reactions under conditions that give the highest chance of success, including the appropriate precautions to take and proper experimental protocols. The text also covers the following topics: * Record keeping and equipment * Solvent purification and reagent preparation * Using gases and working with vacuum pumps * Purification, including crystallization and distillation * Small-scale and large-scale reactions * Characterization, including NMR spectra, melting point and boiling point, and microanalysis * Efficient ways to find information in the chemical literature With fully updated text and all newly drawn figures, the third edition provides a powerful tool for building the knowledge on the most up-to-date techniques commonly used in organic synthesis.
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• Safety
• keeping records of laboratory work
• equipping the laboratory and the bench
• purification and drying of solvents
• reagents - purification and handling
• gases
• vacuum pumps
• carrying out the reaction
• working up the reaction
• purification
• small-scale reactions
• large-scale reactions
• characterization
• the chemical literature
• special procedures
• trouble shooting.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Any research which uses new organic chemicals or those which are not available commercially will at some time require the synthesis of such compounds. This practical book covers the most up-to-date techniques commonly used in organic synthesis, and updates the first edition. This book should be of interest to: postgraduate industrial and advanced undergraduate organic chemists; biologists, biochemists and genetic engineers; material scientists; polymer researchers; and pharmaceutical, agrochemical and others involved with fine chemicals research and electronics.
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• PART I
• Fundamentals of Bonding Theory
• 1. Introduction to Quantum Theory
• 2. The Electronic Structure of Atoms
• 3. Covalent Bonding in Molecules
• 4. Chemical Bonding in Condensed Phases
• 5. Computational Chemistry
• PART II
• Symmetry in Chemistry
• 6. Symmetry and Elements of Group Theory
• 7. Application of Group Theory to Molecular Systems
• 8. Bonding in Coordination Compounds
• 9. Symmetry in Crystals
• 10. Basic Inorganic Crystal Structures and Materials
• PART III
• Structural Chemistry of Selected Elements
• 11. Structural Chemistry of Hydrogen
• 12. Structural Chemistry of Alkali and Alkali-Earth Metals
• 13. Structural Chemistry of Group 13 Elements
• 14. Structural Chemistry of Group 14 Elements
• 15. Structural Chemistry of Group 15 Elements
• 16. Structural Chemistry of Group 16 Elements
• 17. Structural Chemistry of Group 17 and Group 18 Elements
• 18. Structural Chemistry of Rare-Earth Elements
• 19. Metal-Metal Bonds and Transition-Metal Clusters
• 20. Supramolecular Structural Chemistry.
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This book is a revised and updated English edition of a textbook that has grown out of several years of teaching. The term "inorganic" is used in a broad sense as the book covers the structural chemistry of representative elements (including carbon) in the periodic table, organometallics, coordination polymers, host-guest systems and supramolecular assemblies. Part I of the book reviews the basic bonding theories, including a chapter on computational chemistry. Part II introduces point groups and space groups and their chemical applications. Part III comprises a succinct account of the structural chemistry of the elements in the periodic table. It presents structure and bonding, generalizations of structural trends, crystallographic data, as well as highlights from the recent literature.
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• From the contents
• :1: Catalytic oxidations using ruthenium porphyrins.-
• 2: Copper-dioxygen complexes and their roles in biomimetic oxidation reactions.-
• 3: Catalytic oxidations of alcohols.-
• 4: Functional model oxygenations by nonheme iron complexes.
• 5: Catalysis for selective aerobic oxidation under ambient conditions.-
• 6: Catalytic oxidations using cobalt(II) complexes.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The catalytic activation of dioxygen continues to attract interest both due to its biological importance and synthetic potential. Metalloenzymes play crucial roles in metabolism by living organisms. The modelling of metalloenzymes by biomimetic metal complexes helps the search for useful oxidation catalysts and the understanding of their mechanisms of operation. Dioxygen is also the oxidant of choice in emission-free technologies aimed at minimising pollution of the environment, in line with the green chemistry requirements. This volume is devoted to recent progress in the field of catalytic oxidations using ruthenium, copper, iron, gold, cobalt and other complexes. Products and mechanistic aspects are given special emphasis throughout the book.
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• Introduction and Scope. Stoichiometric Acylations. Catalytic Homogeneous Acylations. Catalytic Heterogeneous Acylations. Direct Phenol Acylation
• Fries Rearrangement.
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The Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction is a dealkylation process that produces aromatic ketones that are used in the synthesis of a wide number of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals including fragrances, flavors, dyes, and agrochemical products. Written by one of the world's leading authorities in this area of organic chemistry, this volume, the first on Friedel-Crafts in many years, focuses on how to make the reaction more economically and environmentally friendly through the use of green acylating agents, which minimizes the formation of waste. The advantages and disadvantages of homogeneous versus heterogeneous approach is discussed, as is the elusive Fries rearrangement.
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• 1. Introduction (Cappiello)
• 2. State-of the art LC-MS interfaces
• 3. Hardware innovations and fields of application electron ionization LC/MS.
• 4. High-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) in mass spectrometry (R. Guevremont).
• 5. Microwave induced plasma ionization (M. Moini).
• 6. Dual APCI/ES (M.P. Balogh).
• 7. Atmospheric Pressure Laser Ionization (APLI) (T. Benter).
• 8. Coupling MALDI with separations (R. Zenobi).
• 9. Electrospray emitter arrays (R.D. Smith).
• 10. ICP for LC-MS (J. Caruso).
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The different LC-MS techniques available today were developed to suit specific analytical needs and the application range covered by each one is wide, but still limited. GC amenable compounds can be all analysed with a single GC-MS system whereas HPLC applications call for specific LC-MS instrumental arrangements. ESI, APCI, APPI, and EI are ionization techniques that can be combined with different analysers, in single or tandem configuration, to create the ultimate system for a certain application. Once approaching LC-MS for a specific need, the fast technical evolution and the variegated commercial offer can induce confusion in the potential user. The role of this book is to enlighten the state-of-the-art of LC-MS evolution through a series of contributions written by the people that brought major, recent innovations in the field. Each chapter will take into consideration the novelties, the advantages and the possible applications covered by a particular technical solution. The book will also include new analytical methods that can provide benefits using the most recent innovations in LC-MS plus a certain number of key applications. It contains contributions from major innovators in the field. It covers the latest developments in the field of LC-MS and gives a clear outline on the advantages of various techniques and their applications.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Mechanistic Aspects of Carbon-Boron Bond Formation
• 3 Diboron Compounds: Synthesis and Applications
• 4 Synthesis of gem-Diboron Compounds from Diboron Reagents
• 5 anti Boron Addition to Alkynes
• 6 Borylation of Carbonyl and Imine Groups
• 7 Borylative Ring Opening
• 8 Borylative Ring Closing
• 9 Decarbonylative/Decarboxylative Borylation
• 10 Borylation Reactions in Water
• 11 Nanocatalyzed Borylation Reactions
• 12 Reactions through Radical Boryl Moieties
• 13 Boron "Ate" Complexes for Asymmetric Synthesis
• 14 Application of Selective Asymmetric Borylation to Target Compounds.
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Harnessing the versatile reactivity of boron for organic synthesis The widespread use of organoboron compounds justifies the efforts devoted to their synthesis, as well as toward developing an understanding of their reactivity. The nature of the mono- or diboron species is of paramount importance in determining the reversible covalent binding properties of the boron atom with both nucleophiles and electrophiles. By wedding the rich chemical potential of organoboron compounds to the ubiquity of organic scaffolds, advanced borylation reactions have the potential to open unprecedented synthetic alternatives, and new knowledge in the field should encourage chemists to use organoboron compounds. In this volume, the main objective is to provide a collection of the most useful, practical, and reliable methods, reported mainly within the last decade, for boron activation and boron reactivity. The volume covers the main concepts of organoboron compounds and includes experimental procedures, enabling newcomers to the field the instant and reliable application of the new tools in synthesis. Rather than aiming for a comprehensive coverage, the most advanced solutions for challenging transformations are introduced. To this end, a team of pioneers and leaders in the field have been assembled who discuss both the practical and conceptual aspects of this rapidly growing field.
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• Crystal growth theory and stimulations
• growth kinetics
• observations of growth surface and interface
• mechanisms of heteroepitaxy
• crystal growth and mechanism of complex systems.
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This volume contains the results of a research project, carried out over three years, on crystal growth. The emphasis is on finding growth mechanisms on an atomic scale.
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• Acknowledgements
• Foreword
• Chapter 1. Introduction
• Chapter 2. A Historical Background
• Chapter 3. Women who were the early pioneers in chemistry
• Chapter 4. Dr. Marie Maynard Daly First PhD recipient
• Chapter 5. Women in the Academy - Their struggles and successes
• Chapter 6. Pioneer Women in Industry and Government Labs
• Chapter 7: From Academia to the Board Room and Science Policy
• Chapter 8: Chemical Engineers
• Chapter 9: My Story
• Chapter 10: Stories about Contemporary and future African American Women Chemists
• Appendix.
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Dr. Marie Maynard Daly received her PhD in Chemistry from Columbia University in 1947. Although she was hardly the first of her race and gender to engage in the field, she was the first African American woman to receive a PhD in chemistry in the United States. In this book, Jeannette Brown, an African American woman chemist herself, will present a wide-ranging historical introduction to the relatively new presence of African American women in the field of chemistry. It will detail their struggles to obtain an education and their efforts to succeed in a field in which there were few African American men, much less African American women. The book contains sketches of the lives of African America women chemists from the earliest pioneers up until the late 1960's when the Civil Rights Acts were passed and greater career opportunities began to emerge. In each sketch, Brown will explore women's motivation to study the field and detail their often quite significant accomplishments. Chapters focus on chemists in academia, industry, and government, as well as chemical engineers, whose career path is very different from that of the tradition chemist. The book concludes with a chapter on the future of African American women chemists, which will be of interest to all women interested in science.
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• Introduction
• Chemists who work in industry. Dorothy Jean Wingfield Phillips
• Cherlynlavaughn Bradley
• Sharon Janel Barnes
• Sherrie Pietranico-Cole
• Chemists who work in academia. Etta C. Gravely
• Dr. Sondra Barber Akins
• Saundra Yancy McGuire
• Sharon L. Neal
• Chemists who are leaders in academia or organizations. Amanda Bryant-Friedrich
• Gilda A. Barabino
• Leyte Winfield
• La Trease E. Garrison
• Chemists who work for the national labs or other federal agencies. Patricia Carter Ives Sluby, D.H.L.
• Dianne Gates Anderson
• Allison Ann Aldridge
• Latonya Mitchell-Holmes
• Novella Bridges
• Life after tenure denial in academia : a success story
• Next steps.

This is the second of two books about African-American female chemists. The first book (African-American Women Chemists, 2011) focused on the early pioneers-women chemists from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Act. African American Women Chemists in the Modern Era focuses on contemporary women who have benefited from the Civil Rights Act and are now working as chemists or chemical engineers. This book was produced by taking the oral history of women who are leaders in their field and who wanted to tell the world how they suceeded. It features eighteen amazing women in this book and each of them has a claim to fame, despite hiding in plain sight. These women reveal the history of their lives from youth to adult. Overall, Jeannette Brown aims to inspire women and minorities to pursue careers in the sciences, as evidenced by the successful career paths of the women that came before them.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Computational chemistry program that can build molecules (2D and 3D); optimize the geometry of molecules; compute point charges for the molecule by semi-empirical methods; determine bond distance, bond angles and torsion angles; determine a variety of parameters that describe the moolecule; run batch mode calculations; display graphics; export data to an Excel file; and print each compound on a separate page with approprite annotation. Includes three auxiliary programs: SciQSAR, SciProtein, and SciLogP

• Aims and Scope What Does This Book Offer? Chapter Descriptions Synthesis Plan Database How to Use Synthesis Database Compilation General Comments on Organic Chemistry and Green Chemistry Getting Our House in Order Research Trends in Organic Synthesis Research Trends in Green Chemistry Trends Green Chemistry Trends in Industry Problems with Literature Reporting of Synthesis Plans Introduction Missing Information in Plans Mistakes in Reported Yields and Amounts of Materials Used Mismatches in Reported Reaction Yields Tactics to Artificially Amplify Reaction Performance Reporting of Classical Resolutions Exaggerated Claims of Efficiency Good "Greening" Progression But Little Detail to Substantiate Claim "Readily Available Starting Materials" Biotransformations Not Revealing Reaction Yields in Usual Way Papers Describing Reactions Using Microwave Irradiation Reviewing of Scientific Papers Patents Problems and Challenges in Synthesis and Green Chemistry Philosophy and Practice of Chemistry Education Chemistry Literature Reaction Performance Improvements Synthesis Performance Metrics Reaction Mechanism Overview of Green Metrics Advantages of Using Green Metrics Material Efficiency Metrics and Visuals Strategy Efficiency Metrics and Visuals Hypsicity (Oxidation Level) Analysis Instructions on Using PENTAGON, LINEAR, and CONVERGENT Spreadsheets Mathematical Derivations and Analysis Complete Worked Out Examples Optimization Introduction Worked-Out Radial Pentagon Examples Radial Hexagon Analysis Connectivity Analysis Probability Analysis An Eight-Component Coupling References Named Organic Reaction Database Categorization of Named C-C Coupling/Addition/Cyclization Reactions Categorization of Named Condensation Reactions Categorization of Named Elimination/Fragmentation Reactions Categorization of Multicomponent Reactions Categorization of Named Non-C-C Coupling/Addition/Cyclization Reactions Categorization of Named Oxidation Reactions (with Respect to Substrate of Interest) Categorization of Named Rearrangement Reactions Categorization of Named Reduction Reactions (with Respect to Substrate of Interest) Categorization of Named Sequences Categorization of Named Substitution Reactions Summary of Trends in Named Organic Reaction Database Example Transformations Illustrating Sacrificial Reagents Single-Step Reactions Two-Step Reactions Sacrificial Reactions from Synthesis Database References Synthesis Strategies Brainstorming Exercises Direct Syntheses Indirect Syntheses Choice of Starting Materials for Synthesis Comparison of Total Synthesis versus Semisynthesis Bio-Inspired Strategies Chemoselectivity versus Classical Resolution Comparison Mismatch between Strategy and Waste Production Route Selection and Reaction Networks Scheduling What Can Go Wrong with Computer-Assisted Synthesis Software Ring Construction Strategies Ring Construction Strategies in Synthesis Database. Ring Contractions in Named Organic Reaction Database. Ring Expansions in Named Organic Reaction Database Bicyclic Formation Reactions in Named Organic Reaction Database Sacrificial Rings Use of the Furan Ring Wender [x + y + z] Ring Construction Strategies Spectacular Ring Construction Strategies Proposal for a Computer-Searchable Ring Construction Database Example Highlights from Database Which Plan to Choose for Scale-Up?. Sparse Target Bond Making Profiles Recycling Options Improvement in Waste Reduction Spectacular Examples of Synergy between Strategy and Material Efficiency Metrics Microchannel and Flow Technique Strategies Ring Construction Novelty Wrong Starting Materials Used Plan with No Target Bonds Made Old Reactions Using One of 12 Principles of Green Chemistry Telescoping Steps Extreme Convergence in Plans Use of a Hub Common Intermediate Compromise between Strategy and Material Efficiencies Inclusion of Syntheses of Catalysts and Ligands for Complete Analysis Synthesis Plans Tracing Back to Common Starting Materials for Fairest Comparisons Most Challenging Molecule to Synthesize: Colchicine Target Compound Where Fundamental Named Organic Reactions Were Discovered Contrast between Classical and Modern Chemical Routes Resolution with Lipase Summary of Overall Trends in Synthesis Database Overall Atom Economy Trends Overall Yield Trends Kernel Overall Reaction Mass Efficiency Trends Degrees of Convergence and Asymmetry Trends Target Bond Forming Profile Parameters Sacrificial Reagents and Sacrificial Reaction Trends Hypsicity Trends Compounds with Multiple Plans Appendix A Appendix B Index.
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The Algebra of Organic Synthesis combines the aims, philosophies, and efforts involved in organic synthesis, reaction optimization, and green chemistry with techniques for determining quantitatively just how "green" synthesis plans are. It provides the first complete quantitative description of synthesis strategy analysis in the context of green chemistry and reaction optimization. Providing what is perhaps the first complete description of synthesis strategy analysis, this book: * Explores quantitative material efficiency for synthesizing molecules, including 1,000+ worked out synthesis plans to important target molecules * Explains, in simple language, the most useful ideas in graph theory that have direct application in organic synthesis * Reinforces the value of simple mathematical analysis in organic synthesis to help any synthetics or process chemist understand presented ideas and apply them to their own work * Illustrates concepts with example target plans to classical targets that are considered milestones in synthetic chemistry, from pharmaceuticals, industrial commodity chemicals, dyestuffs, agrichemicals, flavorings, natural products, and molecules of theoretical interest The accompanying CD-ROM includes a reproduction of the tables in the book, with direct electronic links to files for all plans. Files contain a list of references for each plan, including secondary references for the synthesis of starting materials if applicable. Ancillary materials also include a complete synthesis scheme with fully balanced chemical equations, a synthesis tree, a summary of green metrics parameters, a target bond map and list of reagents that end up in the target molecule, and a series of graphs that offer a visual depiction of the plan performance.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Conformational analysis of alicyclic rings
• 3. Ring synthesis
• 4. Conformation and reactivity
• 5. Polycyclic systems
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Alicyclic chemistry is the study of non- aromatic organic compounds made up of one or more carbocyclic rings. Such compounds which range from simple ring systems to complex bridged and polycyclic structures provide a framework for the understanding of many concepts which underlie organic chemistry. It is the intention of this book to provide an overview of the behaviour of alicyclic compounds in the depth required for an undergraduate chemistry course. The topics covered include a discussion of the stability and conformational behaviour of carbocyclic ring systems, and the factors which control the choice of synthetic methods to, and reactivity of such compounds. Many aspects of alicyclic chemistry provide an important framework for a proper understanding of the behaviour of organic molecules in general and are key components of any first degree-level chemistry course. The present text aims to provide an up-to-date discussion of this important area of organic chemistry (which also has implications in biological and medicinal chemistry) with particular emphasis on the understanding of molecular shape (using modern computer graphics) and its role in controlling molecular behaviour.
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• 1. Bioinorganic Chemistry of the Alkali Metal Ions
• Youngsam Kim, Thuy Tien Nguyen, and David G. Churchill 2. Determination of Alkali Ions in Biological and Environmental Samples
• Peter C. Hauser 3. Solid State Structures of Alkali Metal Ion Complexes Formed by Low-Molecular-Weight Ligands of Biological Relevance
• Katsuyuki Aoki, Kazutaka Murayama, and Ning-Hai Hu 4. Discriminating Properties of Alkali Metal Ions towards the Constituents of Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Conclusions from Gas-Phase and Theoretical Studies
• Mary T. Rodgers and Peter B. Armentrout 5. Alkali Metal Ion Complexes with Phosphates, Nucleotides, Amino Acids, and Related Ligands of Biological Relevance. Their Properties in Solution
• Francesco Crea, Concetta De Stefano, Claudia Foti, Gabriele Lando, Demetrio Milea, and Silvio Sammartano 6. Sodium and Potassium Interactions with Nucleic Acids
• Pascal Auffinger, Luigi D'Ascenzo, and Eric Ennifar 7. Role of Alkali Metal Ions in G-Quadruplex Nucleic Acid Structure and Stability
• Eric Largy, Jean-Louis Mergny and Valerie Gabelica 8. Sodium and Potassium Ions in Proteins and Enzyme Catalysis
• Milan Vasak and Joachim Schnabl 9. Roles and Transport of Sodium and Potassium in Plants
• Manuel Nieves-Cordones, Fouad Razzaq Al Shiblawi, and Herve Sentenac 10. Potassium versus Sodium Selectivity in Monovalent Ion Channel Selectivity Filters
• Carmay Lim and Todor Dudev 11. Sodium as Coupling Cation in Respiratory Energy Conversion
• Gunter Fritz and Julia Steuber 12. Sodium-Proton (Na+/H+) Antiporters: Properties and Roles in Health and Disease
• Etana Padan and Meytal Landau 13. Proton-Potassium (H+/K+) ATPases: Properties and Roles in Health and Diseases
• Hideki Sakai, Takuto Fujii, and Noriaki Takeguchi 14. Bioinspired Artificial Sodium and Potassium Ion Channels
• Nuria Rodriguez-Vazquez, Alberto Fuertes, Manuel Amorin, and Juan R. Granja 15. Lithium in Medicine: Mechanisms of Action
• Duarte Mota de Freitas, Brian D. Leverson, and Jesse L. Goossens 16. Sodium and Potassium Relating to Parkinson's Disease and Traumatic Brain Injury
• Yonghwang Ha, Jeong A. Jeong, Youngsam Kim, and David G. Churchill.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

MILS-16 provides an up-to-date review of the impact of alkali metal ions on life. Their bioinorganic chemistry and analytical determination, the solid state structures of bio-ligand complexes and the properties of alkali metal ions in solution in the context of all kinds of biologically relevant ligands are covered, this includes proteins (enzymes) and nucleic acids (G-quadruplexes). Minerals containing sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) are abundant in the Earth's crust, making Na+ and K+ easily available. In contrast, the alkali elements lithium (Li+), rubidium, and cesium are rare and the radioactive francium occurs only in traces. Since the intra- and extracellular, as well as the compartmental concentrations of Na+ and K+ differ significantly, homeostasis and active transport of these ions are important; this involves transporters/carriers and pore-forming ion channel proteins. Systems like Na+/K+-ATPases, H+/K+-ATPases or Na+/H+ antiporters are thoroughly discussed. The role of K+ in photosynthesis and the role of Na+ in charging the "battery of life" are pointed out. Also, the relationships between alkali metal ions and diseases (e.g., Parkinson or traumatic brain injury) are covered and the relevance of Li+ salts in medicine (pharmacology and mechanism) is reviewed. This and more is treated in an authoritative and timely manner in the 16 stimulating chapters of Volume 16, The Alkali Metal Ions: Their Role for Life, which are written by 44 internationally recognized experts from 12 nations. The impact of this vibrant research area is manifested in nearly 3000 references, over 30 tables and more than 150 illustrations (two thirds in color). MILS-16 also provides excellent information for teaching. Astrid Sigel, Helmut Sigel, and Roland K. O. Sigel have long-standing interests in Biological Inorganic Chemistry. Their research focuses on metal ion interactions with nucleotides and nucleic acids and on related topics. They edited previously 44 volumes in the series Metal Ions in Biological Systems.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Alkaloids - Secrets of Life: Alkaloid Chemistry, Biological Significance, Applications and Ecological Role, Second Edition provides knowledge on structural typology, biosynthesis and metabolism in relation to recent research work on alkaloids, considering an organic chemistry approach to alkaloids using biological and ecological explanation. The book approaches several questions and unresearched areas that persist in this field of research. It provides a beneficial text for academics, professionals or anyone who is interested in the fascinating subject of alkaloids. Each chapter features an abstract. Appendices, a listing of alkaloids, and plants containing alkaloids are all included, as are basic protocols of alkaloid analysis. * Presents the ecological role of alkaloids in nature and ecosystems interdisciplinary* Examines alkaloids from chemistry, biology and ecology viewpoints* A single handy reference volume comprehensively reviews the origin of alkaloids and their biological uses* Over 80% new information, including new chapters on the ecological role of alkaloids in nature and ecosystems and extraction of alkaloids.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• About the editors List of contributors Preface Armando J.L. Pombeiro and M. Fatima C. Guedes da Silva
• Chapter 1 Alkane Functionalization: Introduction And Overview Armando J.L. Pombeiro PART I - C-O BOND FORMATION. HYDROXYLATION AND OTHER OXYGENATION REACTIONS
• Chapter 2 Activation and oxidative functionalization of alkanes with noble-metal catalysts: Molecular mechanisms Evgeniy G. Chepaikin
• Chapter 3 Alkane-oxidizing systems based on metal complexes. Radical versus non-radical mechanisms Georgiy B. Shul'pin
• Chapter 4 Reactions of alkyl radicals in aqueous solutions Dan meyerstein
• Chapter 5 C-H bond oxidation with transition metal based carbene complexes Bruno Dominelli, Anja C. Lindhorst, Fritz E. Kuhn
• Chapter 6 Alkane oxidation with C-scorpionate metal complexes Luisa M. D. R. S. Martins
• Chapter 7 Alkane oxidation with multinuclear heterometallic catalysts Dmytro S. Nesterov, Oksana V. Nesterova and Armando J.L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 8 Oxidative functionalization of methane on heterogeneous catalysts Maricruz Sanchez-Sanchez and Johannes A. Lercher
• Chapter 9 Gas-phase oxidation of alkanes Fabrizio Cavani, Alessandro Chieregato, Jose Manuel Lopez Nieto, Jean-Marc M. Millet PART II - BIOINSPIRED ALKANE FUNCTIONALIZATION
• Chapter 10 Recent developments of bio-inspired approaches to functionalization of light alkanes Alexander B. Sorokin
• Chapter 11 Regioselectivity of non-heme iron catalysts for C-H activation Christian R. Goldsmith
• Chapter 12 Imine-based Iron and Manganese Complexes as Catalysts for Alkane Functionalization Giorgio Olivo, Osvaldo Lanzalunga, Stefano Di Stefano
• Chapter 13 Alkane oxidation with biologically inspired nonheme iron catalysts based in the triazacyclononane ligand scaffold Miquel Costas
• Chapter 14 The nature of high-valent oxometal intermediates of iron-aminopyridine mediated oxidations Oleg Y. Lyakin, konstantin P. Bryliakov, Evgenii P. Talsi
• Chapter 15 Selective Oxidation of Alkanes by Metallo-Monooxygenases and their Nano-Biomimetics Chih-Cheng Liu, Yi-FangTtsai, Wondemagegn H. Wanna, Ravirala Ramu, Damodar Janmanchi, Sunney I. Chan, Steve S.-F. Yu
• Chapter 16 Alkane oxidation with vanadium and copper catalysts Manas Sutradhar, Luisa M.D.R.S. Martins, M. Fatima C. Guedes da Silva, ArmandoJ. L. Pombeiro PART III - C-B, C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION
• Chapter 17 Catalytic borylation of methane: combining computational and high-throughput screening approaches to discover a new catalyst Pavel Zatsepin, Dieter Sorsche, Seihwan Ahn, Mu-Hyun Baik, Daniel J. Mindiola
• Chapter 18 Alkane carbonylation and carbene insertion reactions Ana M. Faisca Phillips and Armando J. L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 19 Catalytic alkane amidation and related reactions Dmytro S. Nesterov, Luis M. T. Frija, Armando J. L. Pombeiro, Maximilian N. Kopylovich PART IV - DEHYDROGENATION REACTIONS
• Chapter 20 Oxidative and non-oxidative routes to alkane dehydrogenation Jay A. Labinger
• Chapter 21 Dehydrogenation of alkanes using molecular catalysts Huaquan Fang, Guixia Liu, Zheng Huang PART V - UNCONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS
• Chapter 22 Non-transition metal catalyzed oxidation of alkanes with peroxides Maxim L. Kuznetsov
• Chapter 23 Metal-free functionalization of alkanes Jincan Zhao, Jianlin Han
• Chapter 24 Alkane functionalization under unconventional conditions: in ionic liquid, in supercritical co2 and microwave assisted Ana P.C. Ribeiro, Eelisabete C.B.A. Alegria, Antonio Palavra, Aarmando J.L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 25 Noncovalent interactions in alkane chemistry Kamran T. Mahmudov, M. Fatima C. Guedes da Silva, Fedor I. Zubkov, Armando J. L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 26 Alkane complexation Robert H. Crabtree
• Chapter 27 Alkane related C-H bond activation and functionalization of aliphatic amines Christian Bruneau, Mathieu Achard.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Presents state-of-the-art information concerning the syntheses of valuable functionalized organic compounds from alkanes, with a focus on simple, mild, and green catalytic processes Alkane Functionalization offers a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of catalytic functionalization of alkanes under mild and green conditions. Written by a team of leading experts on the topic, the book examines the latest research developments in the synthesis of valuable functionalized organic compounds from alkanes. The authors describe the various modes of interaction of alkanes with metal centres and examine theoxidative alkane functionalization upon C-O bond formation. They address the many types of mechanisms, discuss typical catalytic systems and highlight the strategies inspired by biological catalytic systems. The book also describes alkane functionalization upon C-heteroatom bond formation as well as oxidative and non-oxidative approaches. In addition, the book explores non-transition metal catalysts and metal-free catalytic systems and presents selected types of functionalization of sp3 C-H bonds pertaining to substrates other than alkanes. This important resource: Presents a guide to the most recent advances concerning the syntheses of valuable functionalized organic compounds from alkanes Contains information from leading experts on the topic Offers information on the catalytic functionalization of alkanes that allows for improved simplicity and sustainability compared to current multi-stage industrial processes Explores the challenges inherent with the application of alkanes as starting materials for syntheses of added value functionalized organic compounds Written for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in the fields of coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis, organic synthesis and green chemistry, Alkane Functionalization is an important resource for accessing the most up-to-date information available in the field of catalytic functionalization of alkanes.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Olefin Metathesis by Well-Defined Complexes of Molybdenum and Tungsten
• Ruthenium-Catalyzed Metathesis Reactions in Organic Synthesis
• Ring-Closing Metathesis in the Synthesis of Epothilones and Polyether Natural Products
• Ring-Closing Metathesis and the Development of Enantioselective Processes
• Enyne Metathesis
• Cross-Metathesis
• Recent Advances in ADMET Chemistry
• Bioactive Polymers.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The tremendous progress in olefin metathesis achieved during the last decade can hardly be overestimated. Due to the development of a new generation of well defined and high-performance organometallic catalysts, this reaction is rapidly evolving into one of the most versatile tools for advanced organic chemistry, natural product synthesis, fine chemical production and polymer sciences. Written by some of the leading experts in this field, this monograph intends to familiarize the reader with the most exciting developments and frontiers in this flourishing field of chemistry research.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

During the past 30 years, the field of alkene polymerization over transition metal catalysts underwent several major changes. The list of commercial heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts for the synthesis of polyethylene and stereoregular polyolefins was completely renewed affording an unprecedented degree of control over the polymer structure. Research devoted to metallocene and other soluble transition-metal catalysis has vastly expanded and has shifted toward complexes of transition metals with multidentate ligands. Recent developments in gel permeation chromatography, temperature-rising fractionation, and crystallization fractionation provided the first reliable information about differences between various active centers in transition-metal catalysts. A rapid development of high-resolution 13C NMR spectroscopy resulted in greatly expanded understanding of the chemical and steric features of polyolefins and alkene copolymers.These developments require a new review of all aspects of alkene polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts. The first chapter in the book is an introductory text for researchers who are entering the field. It describes the basic principles of polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts, the types of catalysts, and commercially manufactured polyolefins. The next chapter addresses the principal issue of alkene polymerization catalysis: the existence of catalyst systems with single and multiple types of active centers. The subsequent chapters are devoted to chemistry and stereochemistry of elemental reaction steps, structures of catalyst precursors and reactions leading to the formation of active centers, kinetics of polymerization reactions, and their mechanisms.The book describes the latest commercial polymerization catalysts for the synthesis of polyethylenes and polypropylene. The book provides a detailed description of the multi-center nature of commercial Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The book devotes specialized chapters to the most important aspects of transition metal polymerization catalysts: the reactions leading to the formation of active centers, the chemistry and stereochemistry of elemental polymerization steps, reaction kinetics, and the polymerization mechanism. The book contains an introductory chapter for researchers who are entering the field of polymerization catalysis. It describes the basic principles of polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts and the types of commercially manufactured polyolefins and copolymers. The book contains over 2000 references, the most recent up to end of 2006.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Green Solvents - Legislation and Certification
• 'Solvent-Free' Chemistry
• Water
• Supercritical Fluids
• Renewable Solvents and Other `Green' VOCs
• Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids and Eutectic Mixtures
• Fluorous Solvents and Related Systems
• Liquid Polymers
• Tunable and Switchable Solvent Systems
• Industrial Applications of Green Solvents
• Education and Outreach.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Everyone is becoming more environmentally conscious and therefore, chemical processes are being developed with their environmental burden in mind. This also means that more traditional chemical methods are being replaced with new innovations and this includes new solvents. Solvents are everywhere, but how necessary are they? They are used in most areas including synthetic chemistry, analytical chemistry, pharmaceutical production and processing, the food and flavour industry and the materials and coatings sectors. However, the principles of green chemistry guide us to use less of them, or to use safer, more environmentally friendly solvents if they are essential. Therefore, we should always ask ourselves, do we really need a solvent? Green chemistry, as a relatively new sub-discipline, is a rapidly growing field of research. Alternative solvents - including supercritical fluids and room temperature ionic liquids - form a significant portion of research in green chemistry. This is in part due to the hazards of many conventional solvents (e.g. toxicity and flammability) and the significant contribution that solvents make to the waste generated in many chemical processes. Solvents are important in analytical chemistry, product purification, extraction and separation technologies, and also in the modification of materials. Therefore, in order to make chemistry more sustainable in these fields, a knowledge of alternative, greener solvents is important. This book, which is part of a green chemistry series, uses examples that tie in with the 12 principles of green chemistry e.g. atom efficient reactions in benign solvents and processing of renewable chemicals/materials in green solvents. Readers get an overview of the many different kinds of solvents, written in such a way to make the book appropriate to newcomers to the field and prepare them for the 'green choices' available. The book also removes some of the mystique associated with 'alternative solvent' choices and includes information on solvents in different fields of chemistry such as analytical and materials chemistry in addition to catalysis and synthesis. The latest research developments, not covered elsewhere, are included such as switchable solvents and biosolvents. Also, some important areas that are often overlooked are described such as naturally sourced solvents (including ethanol and ethyl lactate) and liquid polymers (including poly(ethyleneglycol) and poly(dimethylsiloxane)). As well as these additional alternative solvents being included, the book takes a more general approach to solvents, not just focusing on the use of solvents in synthetic chemistry. Applications of solvents in areas such as analysis are overviewed in addition to the more widely recognised uses of alternative solvents in organic synthesis. Unfortunately, as the book shows, there is no universal green solvent and readers must ascertain their best options based on prior chemistry, cost, environmental benefits and other factors. It is important to try and minimize the number of solvent changes in a chemical process and therefore, the importance of solvents in product purification, extraction and separation technologies are highlighted. The book is aimed at newcomers to the field whether research students beginning investigations towards their thesis or industrial researchers curious to find out if an alternative solvent would be suitable in their work.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• pt. A. History. Occurrence. The element. The alloys. div. I. sect. 1. History. Occurrence. Preparation. Allotropic modifications. Structure. Recrystallization. Physical properties
• sect. 2. Corrosion. Electrochemical behavior of aluminium
• sect. 3. Surface treament of aluminium and aluminium alloys
• div. II. sect. 4. Aluminium alloys with silicon up to radium
• sect. 5. Aluminium alloys with zinc up to uranium
• sect. 6. Aluminium alloys with manganese up to rhenium
• sect. 7. Aluminium alloys with iron
• sect. 8. Ternary alloy systems: Al-Fe-C, Al-Fe-Si --

• pt. B. The compounds. sect. 1. The compounds up to aluminium and carbon
• sect. 2. Compounds (cont'd)

• The Electron Density Distribution of Amides and Related Compounds (C. Breneman & M. Martinov). Origin of the Amide Rotational Barrier (K. Wiberg). The Amide Linkage as a Ligand--Its Properties and the Role of Distortion (A. Greenberg). Studies in Amide Hydrolysis: The Acid, Base, and Water Reactions (R. Brown). The Thermochemistry of Amides (J. Liebman, et al.). Stereospecificity in the alpha-Lactam (Aziridinone) Synthon (R. Hoffman). beta-Lactams: Cyclic Amides of Distinction (A. Bose, et al.). Sterically Hindered Twisted Amides (S. Yamada). Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Amides and Lactams (P. Rademacher). The Role of Amides in the Noncovalent Synthesis of Supramolecular Structures in Solution, at Interfaces, and in Solids (G. Palmore & J. MacDonald). beta-Lactam Antibacterial Agents: Computational Chemistry Investigations (D. Boyd). Three-Dimensional Design of Enzyme Inhibitors with Heterocyclic Amide Bond Mimics (R. Bohacek & W. Shakespeare). Ab Initio Conformational Analysis of Protein Subunits: A Case Study of the Serine Diamide Model (A. Perczel & I. Csizmadia). Gas-Phase Ion Chemistry of Amides, Peptides, and Proteins (C. Cassady). beta-Sheet Interactions Between Proteins (S. Maitra & J. Nowick). Head-to-Tail Cyclic Peptides and Cyclic Peptide Libraries (A. Spatola & P. Romanovskis). From Crystal Structures of Oligopeptides to Protein Folding. The Importance of Peptide Bond-Side Chain Hyperconjugation (A. Cieplak). Role of the Peptide Bond in Protein Structure and Folding (N. Kallenbach, et al.). Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The amide linkage is one of the most fundamental and widespread chemical bonds in nature, underlying the properties of a vast array of organic molecules, polymers, and materials, including peptides and proteins. Arthur Greenberg, Curt Breneman, and Joel Liebman's peerless text provides comprehensive coverage of the experimental, structural, and computational findings that shed light on the chemical and physical properties of the amide linkage, as well as its emerging applications in materials and biotechnology. Chapters in The Amide Linkage highlight how this chemical bond factors in the design of enzyme inhibitors, cyclic peptides, antibacterial agents, and emerging nanotechnology applications. This one-of-a-kind study also: * Discusses selected aspects of chemical reactions, structure, bonding, and energetics of the amide bond, including amide rotational barriers, stereochemistry, complexation, spectroscopy, and thermochemistry * Presents specific applications to supramolecular and stereospecific synthesis * Discusses ke y aspects of peptide and protein chemistry--such as molecular recognition, conformation, and folding--in terms of the amide linkage * Includes chapters contributed by numerous eminent chemists and biochemists Organic, medicinal, polymer, and physical chemists, as well as biochemists and materials scientists, will find The Amide Linkage to be an invaluable addition to their professional libraries.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface
• 1. An introduction to the amines
• 2. Aliphatic, fatty and cyclic amines
• 3. Aryl amines
• 4. Heterocyclic amines
• 5. Inorganic amines, hydrazine, hydroxylamine and amine ligands
• 6. Small-scale syntheses and analytical methods for amines
• 7. Amine protection, amine oxides and amino acids
• 8. Selected commercial applications of amines
• Appendices
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The understanding of amine chemistry is of paramount importance to numerous chemical industries, as well as to academic research. This book provides an authoritative account of the properties and applications of amines with respect to the characteristics of bonded substituents and the nature of their surrounding chemical and physical environments. The synthesis of alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic amines and inorganic amines with a review of their typical reactions is comprehensively treated, whilst practical synthetic and analytical methods for laboratory preparation and detection are provided. The importance of amine chemistry from the nineteenth century to the modern day, with a brief history of the development of ammonia synthesis, is included. This book is an invaluable reference for undergraduates, postgraduates and chemical researchers working in industry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. a-Amino acid synthesis
• 3. a-Amino protection
• 4. a-Carboxy protection
• 5. Peptide bond formation
• 6. Residue-specific considerations
• 7. Strategy and tactics
• 8. Solution peptide synthesis
• 9. Solid phase peptide synthesis
• 10. GFP, a tour de force
• Appendix A Abbreviations and their use
• Appendix B Further reading and general sources
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The study of amino acids and peptides is becoming increasingly important to chemists becuase of the growing overlap of mainstream organic chemistry with bioorganic chemistry and biochemistry. This introductory text begins with a brief survey of the role and diversity of amino acids, peptides, and proteins in nature, and goes on to describe and explain the principal methods of chemical synthesis. With its emphasis on chemical principles and strategies rather than detailed technical matters, the book will be essential reading for all students of chemistry and biochemistry with an interest in this important field. This second edition contains extensive additions and adjustments, to present a completely up-to-date account of the chemical essentials of mainstream peptide synthesis.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• a-Amino acid synthesis
• a-Amino protection
• a-Carboxy protection
• Peptide bond formation
• Residue-specific considerations
• Strategy and tactics
• Solution peptide synthesis
• Solid phase peptide synthesis
• Appendix A Abbreviations and their uses
• Appendix B Further reading and sources
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The structure of amino acids and peptides is becoming increasingly important to chemists because of the growing overlap of mainstream organic chemistry with bio-organic and bimochemistry. This introductory text begins with a brief survey of the role and diversity of amino acids, peptides and proteins in nature, and goes on to describe and explain the principal methods of chemical synthesis. With its emphasis on chemical principles and strategies rather than detailed technical matters, this book should be useful to students of chemistry with an interest in this field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface
• 1. Introduction
• 2. Acylation and alkoxycarbonylation of the amino group
• 3. Thioacylatin of the amino group of amino acids
• 4. Mono- and Di-alkylatin of the amino group
• 5. Reactions at the carboxy group of an amino acid: Amino acid salts
• 6. Reactions at the carboxy group of an amino acid: Esterification of amino acids
• 7. Carboxy group modifications
• synthesis of a homochiral ketone derived from L-tryptophan
• 8. Synthons derived from Aspartic and glutamic acids
• 9. Benzophenone schiff bases of a-Amino acid esters as electrophiles. Addition of grignard reagents and alkly-lithiums to produce threo-amino alcohols and aminopolyols
• 10. Synthetic uses of serine, threonine and cysteine
• 11. Synthetic uses of methionine
• 12. Metal-mediated modification of the side-chains of a-amino acids
• 13. Diastereocontrolled functionalisation of enantiomerically pure 5-phenyl-1, 4-Oxazin-2-ones by azomethine ylid generation and trapping
• 14. Reductive modifications of the carboxy-group
• 15. Reactions at the a-Carbon Atom of a-Amino acid derivatives
• 16. Modifications of the Aryl substitutents of a- and beta-aryl a-amino acids
• 17. Isolation and chromatographic purification of reaction products from amino acids
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Many successful syntheses of homochiral organic compounds use an amino acid derivative as a starting point. Such syntheses are not confined to peptides as targets; peptide synthesis strategies have been narrowed down to a few well-defined protocols (and these are not covered in this book). Outside the peptide field, many non-routine syntheses have been established that give the intended products in which the structural features of the starting amino acid are barely recognisable. This book is a laboratory guide that covers the early stages of syntheses under these headings, which invariably call for modifications to the functional groups of readily-available L-amino acids. It will therefore give invaluable guidance to the preparation of amino acid derivatives to be used not only in these broad area of synthesis but also in amino acid analysis. Synthetic work with amino acids carried out by new users and by experienced chemists and other scientists, will be supported by the detailed practical protocols and background information provided in this book.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Peptide conformations
• 3. Physicochemical properties of amino acids and peptides
• 4. Reactions and analytical methods for amino acids and peptides
• 5. Determination of primary structure of peptides
• 6. Synthesis of amino acids
• 7. Synthesis of peptides
• 8. Biological roles of amino acids and peptides
• 9. Some aspects of amino acid and peptide drug design.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This text is suitable for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in chemistry and biochemistry studying amino acids and peptides. The authors concentrate on amino acids and peptides without detailed discussions of proteins, although the book gives all the essential background chemistry, including sequence determination, synthesis and spectroscopic methods, to enable the reader to appreciate protein behaviour at the molecular level. The approach is intended to encourage the reader to cross classical boundaries, as in the later chapters on the biological roles of amino acids and the design of peptide-based drugs. For example, there is a section on the enzyme-catalysed synthesis of peptides, with suitable examples, an area often neglected in texts describing peptide synthesis. This modern text will be of value in the amino acid, peptide and protein field, to advanced undergraduates, graduate students and research workers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• List of Contributors XV
• 1 Mass Spectrometry of Amino Acids and Proteins
• 1 Simin D. Maleknia and Richard Johnson 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Basic Protein Chemistry and How it Relates to MS 21 1.3 Sample Preparation and Data Acquisition 28 1.4 Data Analysis of LC-MS/MS (or CE-MS/MS) of Mixtures 32 1.5 MS of Protein Structure, Folding, and Interactions 36 1.6 Conclusions and Perspectives 40 References 40
• 2 X-Ray Structure Determination of Proteins and Peptides
• 51 Andrew J. Fisher 2.1 Introduction 51 2.2 Growing Crystals 55 2.3 Symmetry and Space Groups 62 2.4 X-Ray Scattering and Diffraction 67 2.5 Collecting and Processing Diffraction Data 82 2.6 Solving the Structure (Determining Phases) 83 2.7 Analyzing and Refining the Structure 90 References 94
• 3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
• 97 Andrea Bernini and Pierandrea Temussi 3.1 Introduction 97 3.2 Amino Acids 101 3.3 Peptides 113 3.4 Proteins 129 3.5 Conclusions 145 References 146
• 4 Structure and Activity of N -Methylated Peptides
• 155 Raymond S. Norton 4.1 Introduction 155 4.2 Conformational Effects of N-Methylation 157 4.3 Effects of N-Methylation on Bioactive Peptides 159 4.4 Concluding Remarks 162 References 163
• 5 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Peptides and Proteins
• 167 Reinhard I. Boysen and Milton T.W. Hearn 5.1 Introduction 167 5.2 Basic Terms and Concepts in Chromatography 169 5.3 Chemical Structure of Peptides and Proteins 173 5.4 HPLC Separation Modes in Peptide and Protein Analysis 177 5.5 Method Development from Analytical to Preparative Scale Illustrated for HP-RPC 189 5.6 Multidimensional HPLC 198 5.7 Conclusions 206 References 207
• 6 Local Surface Plasmon Resonance and Electrochemical Biosensing Systems for Analyzing Functional Peptides
• 211 Masato Saito and Eiichi Tamiya 6.1 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)-Based Microfluidics Biosensor for the Detection of Insulin Peptide Hormone 211 6.2 Electrochemical LSPR-Based Label-Free Detection of Melittin 215 6.3 Label-Free Electrochemical Monitoring of b-Amyloid (Ab) Peptide Aggregation 218 References 221
• 7 Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy in the Biosciences
• 225 Jing Yuan, Yinqiu Wu, and Marie-Isabel Aguilar 7.1 Introduction 225 7.2 SPR-Based Optical Biosensors 225 7.3 Principle of Operation of SPR Biosensors 226 7.4 Description of a SPR Instrument 228 7.5 Application of SPR in Immunosensor Design 230 7.6 Application of SPR in Membrane Interactions 234 7.7 Data Analysis 240 7.8 Conclusions 243 References 244
• 8 Atomic Force Microscopy of Proteins
• 249 Adam Mechler 8.1 Foreword 249 8.2 AFM 250 8.3 Bioimaging Highlights 253 8.4 Issues 261 8.5 Force Measurements 269 8.6 Liquid Imaging 269 8.7 Sample Preparation for Bioimaging 272 8.8 Outlook 274 References 275
• 9 Solvent Interactions with Proteins and Other Macromolecules
• 277 Satoshi Ohtake, Yoshiko Kita, Kouhei Tsumoto, and Tsutomu Arakawa 9.1 Introduction 277 9.2 Solvent Applications 280 9.3 Solvent Application for Viruses 300 9.4 Solvent Application for DNA 310 9.5 Mechanism 314 9.6 Protein-Solvent Interactions in Frozen and Freeze-Dried Systems 342 9.7 Conclusions 348 References 349
• 10 Role of Cysteine
• 361 Lalla A. Ba, Torsten Burkholz, Thomas Schneider, and Claus Jacob 10.1 Sulfur: A Redox Chameleon with Many Faces 361 10.2 Three Faces of Thiols: Nucleophilicity, Redox Activity, and Metal Binding 365 10.3 Towards a Dynamic Picture of Disulfide Bonds 371 10.4 Chemical Protection and Regulation via S-Thiolation 374 10.5 "Dormant" Catalytic Sites 378 10.6 Peroxiredoxin/Sulfiredoxin Catalysis and Control Pathway 379 10.7 Higher Sulfur Oxidation States: From the Shadows to the Heart of Biological Sulfur Chemistry 384 10.8 Cysteine as a Target for Oxidants, Metal Ions, and Drug Molecules 388 10.9 Conclusions and Outlook 390 References 391
• 11 Role of Disulfide Bonds in Peptide and Protein Conformation
• 395 Keith K. Khoo and Raymond S. Norton 11.1 Introduction 395 11.2 Probing the Role of Disulfide Bonds 396 11.3 Contribution of Disulfide Bonds to Protein Stability 396 11.4 Role of Disulfide Bonds in Protein Folding 397 11.5 Role of Individual Disulfide Bonds in Protein Structure 399 11.6 Disulfide Bonds in Protein Dynamics 401 11.7 Disulfide Bonding Patterns and Protein Topology 403 11.8 Applications 408 11.9 Conclusions 409 References 410
• 12 Quantitative Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics
• 419 Shao-En Ong 12.1 Introduction 419 12.2 Quantification in Biological MS 420 12.3 Identifying Proteins Interacting with Small Molecules with Quantitative Proteomics 430 12.4 Conclusions 433 References 434
• 13 Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis and Protein/Polypeptide Assignment
• 439 Takashi Manabe and Ya Jin 13.1 Introduction 439 13.2 Aim of Protein Analysis and Development of 2-DE Techniques 439 13.3 Current Status of 2-DE Techniques 441 13.4 Development of Protein Assignment Techniques on 2-DE Gels and Current Status of Mass Spectrometric Techniques 452 13.5 Conclusions 460 References 460
• 14 Bioinformatics Tools for Detecting Post-Translational Modifications in Mass Spectrometry Data
• 463 Patricia M. Palagi, Erik Arhne, MarKus Muller, and Frederique Lisacek 14.1 Introduction 463 14.2 PTM Discovery with MS 465 14.3 Database Resources for PTM Analysis 470 14.4 Conclusions 473 References 473 Index 477.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This is the last of five books in the Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins in Organic Synthesis series. Closing a gap in the literature, this is the only series to cover this important topic in organic and biochemistry. Drawing upon the combined expertise of the international "who's who" in amino acid research, these volumes represent a real benchmark for amino acid chemistry, providing a comprehensive discussion of the occurrence, uses and applications of amino acids and, by extension, their polymeric forms, peptides and proteins. The practical value of each volume is heightened by the inclusion of experimental procedures. The 5 volumes cover the following topics: Volume 1: Origins and Synthesis of Amino Acids Volume 2: Modified Amino Acids, Organocatalysis and Enzymes Volume 3: Building Blocks, Catalysis and Coupling Chemistry Volume 4: Protection Reactions, Medicinal Chemistry, Combinatorial Synthesis Volume 5: Analysis and Function of Amino Acids and Peptides Volume 5 of this series presents a wealth of methods to analyze amino acids and peptides. Classical approaches are described, such as X-ray analysis, chromatographic methods, NMR, AFM, mass spectrometry and 2D-gel electrophoresis, as well as newer approaches, including Surface Plasmon Resonance and array technologies. Originally planned as a six volume series, Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins in Organic Chemistry now completes with five volumes but remains comprehensive in both scope and coverage. Further information about the 5 Volume Set and purchasing details can be viewed here.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface.List of Contributors.1 Simple Molecules, Highly Effi cient Amination (Shunsuke Chiba and Koichi Narasaka).1.1 Introduction.1.2 Hydroxylamine Derivatives.1.3 Oxime Derivatives.1.4 Azo Compounds.1.5 Oxaziridine Derivatives.1.6 Chloramine-T.1.7 N-Sulfonyliminophenyliodinane.1.8 Transition Metal-Nitride Complexes.1.9 Azido Derivatives.1.10 Gabriel-Type Reagents.1.11 Conclusion.2 Catalytic C-H Amination with Nitrenes (Philippe Dauban and Robert H. Dodd).2.1 Introduction.2.2 Historical Overview.2.3 Hypervalent Iodine-Mediated C H Amination.2.4 Other Nitrene Precursors for C H Amination.2.5 Amination of Aromatic C H Bonds.2.6 Applications in Total Synthesis.2.7 Conclusions.3 Nitroalkenes as Amination Tools (Roberto Ballini, Enrico Marcantoni, and Marino Petrini).3.1 Introduction.3.2 General Strategies for the Synthesis of Nitroalkenes.3.3 Synthesis of Alkylamines.3.4 Pyrrolidine Derivatives.3.5 Piperidines and Piperazines.3.6 Pyrrolizidines and Related Derivatives.3.7 Arene-Fused Nitrogen Heterocycles.3.8 Other Polycyclic Derivatives.3.9 Conclusion.4 Isocyanide-Based Multicomponent Reactions (IMCRs) as a Valuable Tool with which to Synthesize Nitrogen-Containing Compounds (Alexander Doemling).4.1 Introduction.4.2 The Ugi Reaction.4.3 Passerini Reaction.4.4 van Leusen Reaction.4.5 Other IMCRs.4.6 Outlook.5 Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reactions and Surroundings (Armando Cordova and Ramon Rios).5.1 Introduction.5.2 Organometallic Catalysts.5.3 Metal-Free Organocatalysis.5.4 Conclusions.6 Amino-Based Building Blocks for the Construction of Biomolecules (Andre Mann).6.1 Introduction.6.2 Propargylamines (PLAs).6.3 trans-4-Hydroxy-(S)-proline (HYP).6.4 L-Serine (SER).6.5 4-Methoxypyridine (MOP).6.6 Aziridines (AZIs).6.7 Homoallylamine (HAM).6.8 Indole (IND).6.9 Conclusion.7 Aminated Sugars, Synthesis, and Biological Activity (Francesco Nicotra, Barbara La Ferla, and Cristina Airoldi).7.1 Biological Relevance of Aminated Sugars.7.2 Synthesis of Aminated Sugars.7.3 Synthesis of Iminosugars.7.4 Conclusions.8 Selective N-Derivatization of Aminoglycosides en Route to New Antibiotics and Antivirals (Floris Louis van Delft).8.1 Aminoglycoside Antibiotics.8.2 RNA Targeting by Aminoglycosides.8.3 The Role of Amino Functions in RNA Binding.8.4 Development of RNA-Targeting Drugs.8.5 Concluding Remarks.9 Evolution of Transition Metal-Catalyzed Amination Reactions: the Industrial Approach (Ulrich Scholz).9.1 Introduction: First Steps in the Field of Catalytic Aromatic Amination.9.2 Alternatives to Transition Metal-Catalyzed Arylamination.9.3 The Quest for Industrial Applications of Transition Metal-Catalyzed Arylamination.9.4 Copper-Catalyzed Processes - More Recent Developments.9.5 Palladium-Catalyzed Processes.9.6 Nickel-Catalyzed Processes.9.7 Summary.Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Here, probably the most important functional group in organic chemistry is discussed in one handy volume. The monograph covers its application from natural products to synthetic pharmaceuticals detailing complex syntheses using the amino group as templates and modern techniques focussing on the introduction of the amino group. This is a definitive must have for every chemist.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• sect. 1. The element. Compounds up to ammonium and iodine
• sect. 2. Compounds up to ammonium and potassium. Hydrazinium. Hydroxylammonium.

• Theory of block copolymer self-assembly: Modelling of the self-assembly of block copolymers in selective solvent, (P. Linse)
• On the origin of the solution behavior of ethyleneoxide containing polymers, (G. Karlstr m). Self-assembly in simple and complex systems: Block copolymers of ethylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide, (C. Booth et al.)
• Self-assembly of block polyelectrolytes, (L. Zhang et al.)
• Formation of amphiphilic block copolymer micelles in nonaqueous solution, (T. Liu et al.)
• Structures of amphiphilic block copolymers in their liquid and solid states, (A.J. Ryan et al.)
• Structural polymorphism of amphiphilic block copolymers in mixtures with water and oil - comparison with solvent-free block copolymers and surfactant systems, (P. Alexandridis et al.)
• Techniques for the study of self-assembly structure and dynamics: Small-angle scattering studies of block copolymer micelles, micellar mesophases and networks, (K. Mortensen)
• Fluorescence studies of amphiphilic block copolymers in solution, (R. Zana)
• Direct-imaging cryo-transmission electron microscopy in the study of colloids and polymer solutions, (M. Goldraich, Y. Talmon)
• Rheology of transient networks formed by the association of hydrophobically modified water soluble polymers, (T. Annable et al.). Applications of amphiphilic copolymers: Applications of block copolymers, (K. Holmberg)
• Block copolymers in pharmaceutics, (M. Malmsten)
• Micelles of amphiphilic block copolymers as vehicles for drug delivery, (A.V. Kabanov, V.Yu. Alakhov)
• Applications of amphiphilic copolymers in separations, (M. Svensson et al.)
• Polymeric surfactants as emulsion stabilizers, (R. Pons).
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

It is the belief of the editors of this book that the recognition of block copolymers as being amphiphilic molecules and sharing common features with other well-studied amphiphiles will prove beneficial to both the surfactant and the polymer communities. An aim of this book is to bridge the two communities and cross-fertilise the different fields. To this end, leading researchers in the field of amphiphilic block copolymer self-assembly, some having a background in surfactant chemistry, and others with polymer physics roots, have agreed to join forces and contribute to this book. The book consists of four entities. The first part discusses theoretical considerations behind the block copolymer self-assembly in solution and in the melt. The second part provides case studies of self-assembly in different classes of block copolymers (e.g., polyethers, polyelectrolytes) and in different environments (e.g., in water, in non-aqueous solvents, or in the absence of solvents). The third part presents experimental tools, ranging from static (e.g., small angle neutron scattering) to dynamic (e.g., rheology), which can prove valuable in the characterization of block copolymer self-assemblies. The fourth part offers a sampling of current applications of block copolymers in, e.g., formulations, pharmaceutics, and separations, applications which are based on the unique self-assembly properties of block copolymers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)