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The electrophoresis techniques are used in medicine, biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and biology to separate soluble and insoluble proteins, nucleic acids, chromosomes, viruses, as well as lysosomes, mitochondria, ribosomes and other cell organelles, red cells, tissue cells, and parasites. This book provides a view over the old electrophoresis techniques, as well as the recent developments in electrophoresis. Electrophoresis Fundamentals is based on the recent book Electrophoresis: Theory and Practice published in 2020 by De Gruyter. The previous book combines theory and technical applications with troubleshooting and problem solving. While Electrophoresis is intended for specialists, Electrophoresis Fundamentals is a book for laboratory technicians, students, biochemists, general practitioners, and more.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction and Overview
• DNA and RNA Structure
• Nucleosides and Nucleotides
• Genes and Genomes
• RNA Transcription, Processing, Modification and Translation
• Noncoding RNA
• Synthesis of Nucleic Acids
• DNA and RNA Sequencing
• Nucleic Acid Therapeutics
• In Vitro Evolution and Aptamers
• Covalent Modifications of Nucleic Acids and Their Repair
• Reversible Small Molecule-Nucleic Acid Interactions
• Protein-DNA Interactions
• RNA-Protein Interactions
• Physical and Structural Techniques Applied to Nucleic Acids (Online Chapter).
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The structure, function and reactions of nucleic acids are central to molecular biology and medicine and are crucial for understanding of the ever-expanding range of complex biological processes involved which are central to life. Revised, extended, updated and lavishly illustrated, this 4th Edition of Nucleic Acids in Chemistry and Biology is a long-awaited standard text for teaching and research in nucleic acids science. It maintains the close integration of chemistry and biology that characterised the earlier editions and contains a major expansion largely focused on the burgeoning growth of RNA science. Written by an international team of leading experts, all with extensive teaching experience, this 4th Edition provides up-to-date and extended coverage of the reactions and interactions of RNA and DNA with proteins and drugs. A brief history of the discovery of nucleic acids is followed by a molecule-based introduction to the structure and biological roles of DNA and RNA and the basics of Genes and Genomes. New key chapters are devoted to non-coding RNA, nucleic acids sequencing, nucleic acid therapeutics, in vitro evolution and aptamers, and protein-RNA interactions. The text is linked to an extensive list of references to make it a definitive reference source. This authoritative volume presents topics in an integrated manner and readable style with full colour illustrations throughout. It is ideal for graduate and undergraduate students of chemistry and biochemistry, biophysics and biotechnology, and molecular biology and medicine. It will be a guidebook for new researchers to the field of nucleic acids science.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• The Impact of Electric Fields on Chemical Structure and Reactivity
• Experimentally Harnessing Electric Fields in Chemical Transformations
• Recent Advances in Designed Local Electric Fields
• Principles of Molecular Devices Operated by Electric Fields
• Computational Generation and Quantification of Electric Fields and Electrostatics-mediated Catalyst Optimization
• Electrostatic Fields in Biophysical Chemistry
• Molecular Dynamics in the Presence of External Electric Fields
• Manipulation of Molecules by Combined Permanent and Induced Dipole Forces
• Cavity-modified Chemistry: Towards Vacuum-field Catalysis
• An Introduction to Laser-fields Effects on Chemical Reactivity.
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Electric-field-mediated chemistry is an emerging topic that is rapidly growing and fanning out in many directions. It involves theoretical and experimental aspects, as well as intense interplay between them, including breakthrough achievements such as the proof-of-principle that a Diels-Alder reaction, which involves two simultaneous C-C bond making events, can be catalysed or inhibited simply by changing the direction of an oriented external-electric field (OEEF). This productive interplay between the theoretical and experimental branches of chemistry is continuing, and gradually defining a new sub-field wherein various sources of electric fields, whether external or built-in and designed, or even surface induced fields (plasmons), are brought to bear on chemical reactions, molecular structures, and nano-systems, leading to control of reactivity, selectivity, chirality, molecular orientations, changes in structure, and in dynamics. Written by leaders in the field, Effects of Electric Fields on Structure and Reactivity is the first book on this exciting topic. Starting with an overview of the theory behind - and demonstrations of the effect of - electric fields on structure and reactivity, this accessible reference work aims to encourage those new to the field to consider harnessing these effects in their own work. Covering applications and recent theoretical developments, it is a useful resource for theoretical chemists and experimentalists alike.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. The Nature of Analytical Chemistry
• Part 1: Quality of Analytical Measurements 2.Calculations Used In Analytical Chemistry 3.Precision and Accuracy of Chemical Analysis 4.Random Errors in Chemical Analysis 5.Statistical Data Treatment and Evaluation 6.Sampling, Standardization and Calibration Part II Chemical Equilibria 7.Aqueous Solutions and Chemical Equilibria 8.Effect of Electrolytes on Chemical Equilibria 9.Solving Equilibrium Problems for Complex Systems Part III Classical Methods of Analysis 10.Gravimetric Methods of Analysis 11.Titrations in Analytical Chemistry 12.Principles of Neutralization Titrations 13.Complex Acid/Base Systems 14.Applications of Neutralization Titrations 15.Complexation and Precipitation Reactions and Titrations Part IV Electrochemical Methods 16.Introduction to Electrochemistry 17.Applications of Standard Electrode Potentials 18.Applications of Oxidation/Reduction Titrations 19.Potentiometry 20.Bulk Electrolysis: Electrogravimetry and Coulometry 21.Voltammetry Part VSpectrochemical Analysis 22.Introduction to Spectrochemical Methods 23.Instruments for Optical Spectrometry 24.Molecular Absorption Spectroscopy 25.Molecular Fluorescence Spectroscopy 26.Atomic Spectroscopy 27.Mass Spectrometry Part VI Kinetics and Separations 28.Kinetic Methods of Analysis 29.Introduction to Analytical Separations 30.Gas Chromatography 31.High-Performance Liquid Chromatography 32.Miscellaneous Separation Methods Part VII Practical Aspects of Chemical Analysis Chapters 33-37 are available as pdf files on the Web 33.Analysis of Real Samples 34.Preparing Samples for Analysis 35.Decomposing and Desolving the Sample 36.Chemicals. Apparatus, and Unit Operations of Analytical Chemistry 37.Selected Methods of Analysis.
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Discover the principles and practices behind analytical chemistry as you study its applications in medicine, industry and the sciences with Skoog/West/Holler/Crouch's FUNDAMENTALS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 10th Edition. This award-winning author team presents the latest developments in analytical chemistry today using a reader-friendly yet systematic and thorough approach. Each chapter begins with a compelling story and stunning visuals. Dynamic photos from renowned chemistry photographer Charlie Winters capture attention while reinforcing key principles. New features highlight chemistry-related careers. You also learn how to use Excel 2019 as a problem-solving tool in analytical chemistry with new exercises, examples and a no-cost supplement by the text authors. OWLv2 online homework tool is also available to help you master the principles of analytical chemistry today.
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"Available for the first time in Achieve, the definitive reference text for biochemistry Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 8e helps students focus on the most important aspects of biochemistry-- the principles! Dave Nelson, Michael Cox, and new co-author Aaron Hoskins identify the most important principles of biochemistry and direct student attention to these with icons and resources targeted to each principle."-- Provided by publisher

Chirality and stereogenicity are closely related concepts and their differentiation and description is still a challenge in chemoinformatics. In his 2015 book, Fujita developed a new stereoisogram approach that provided theoretical framework for mathematical aspects of modern stereochemistry. This new edition includes a new chapter on Computer-Oriented Representations developed by the author based on Groups, Algorithms, Programming (GAP) system.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This is a Student Solutions Manual to accompany Physical Chemistry, 5th Edition. Ever since Physical Chemistry was first published in 1913, it has remained a highly effective and relevant learning tool thanks to the efforts of physical chemists from all over the world. Each new edition has benefited from their suggestions and expert advice. The result of this remarkable tradition is now in your hands.
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• 1 UV/Vis Spectroscopy 1.1 Theoretical Introduction 1.2 Sample Preparation and Measurement of Spectra 1.3 Chromophores 1.4 Applications of UV/Vis Spectroscopy 1.5 Derivative Spectroscopy 1.6 Chiroptical Methods
• 2 Infrared and Raman Spectra 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Basic Principles 2.3 Infrared Spectrometer 2.4 Sample Preparation 2.5 Infrared Spectrum 2.6 Characteristic Absorptions: An Overview 2.7 Infrared Absorptions of Single Bonds with Hydrogen 2.8 Infrared Absorptions of Triple Bonds and Cumulated Double Bonds 2.9 Infrared Absorptions of Double Bonds C=O, C=N, N=N, and N=O 2.10 Infrared Absorption of Aromatic Compounds 2.11 Infrared Absorption in the Fingerprint Range 2.12 Examples of Infrared Spectra 2.13 Information Technology Assisted Spectroscopy 2.14 Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy 2.15 Raman Spectroscopy
• 3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 3.1 Physical Principles 3.2 NMR Spectra and Molecular Structure 3.3 1H NMR Spectroscopy 3.4 13C NMR Spectroscopy 3.5 Combination of 1H and 13C NMR Spectroscopy 3.6 NMR of other Nuclei
• 4 Mass Spectrometry 4.1 Introduction 4.2 General Aspects of Mass Spectrometry 4.3 Instrumental Aspects 4.4 Interpretation of Spectra and Structural Elucidation 4.5 Sample Preparation 4.6 Artifacts 4.7 Tables to the Mass Spectrometry
• 5 Handling of Spectra and Analytical Data: Practical Examples 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Characterization of Compounds 5.3 Structure Elucidation of Allegedly Known Compounds and of Products Arising from Syntheses 5.4 Structure Elucidation of COmpletely Unknown Compounds.
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Boost your knowledge of modern spectroscopic methods! This reference work provides you with essential knowledge for the application of modern spectroscopic methods in organic chemistry. All methods are explained based on typical practical examples, theoretical aspects, and applications. The following spectroscopic methods are explained and examples are given: UV/Vis Spectroscopy Infrared (IR) and Raman Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) Mass Spectrometry (MS) The textbook has been a standard reference for decades. As it conveys necessary knowledge for examinations at all universities it is compulsory reading for every organic chemistry student!.
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• 1 Introduction
• 2 Mechanistic Aspects of Carbon-Boron Bond Formation
• 3 Diboron Compounds: Synthesis and Applications
• 4 Synthesis of gem-Diboron Compounds from Diboron Reagents
• 5 anti Boron Addition to Alkynes
• 6 Borylation of Carbonyl and Imine Groups
• 7 Borylative Ring Opening
• 8 Borylative Ring Closing
• 9 Decarbonylative/Decarboxylative Borylation
• 10 Borylation Reactions in Water
• 11 Nanocatalyzed Borylation Reactions
• 12 Reactions through Radical Boryl Moieties
• 13 Boron "Ate" Complexes for Asymmetric Synthesis
• 14 Application of Selective Asymmetric Borylation to Target Compounds.
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Harnessing the versatile reactivity of boron for organic synthesis The widespread use of organoboron compounds justifies the efforts devoted to their synthesis, as well as toward developing an understanding of their reactivity. The nature of the mono- or diboron species is of paramount importance in determining the reversible covalent binding properties of the boron atom with both nucleophiles and electrophiles. By wedding the rich chemical potential of organoboron compounds to the ubiquity of organic scaffolds, advanced borylation reactions have the potential to open unprecedented synthetic alternatives, and new knowledge in the field should encourage chemists to use organoboron compounds. In this volume, the main objective is to provide a collection of the most useful, practical, and reliable methods, reported mainly within the last decade, for boron activation and boron reactivity. The volume covers the main concepts of organoboron compounds and includes experimental procedures, enabling newcomers to the field the instant and reliable application of the new tools in synthesis. Rather than aiming for a comprehensive coverage, the most advanced solutions for challenging transformations are introduced. To this end, a team of pioneers and leaders in the field have been assembled who discuss both the practical and conceptual aspects of this rapidly growing field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter Opening Vignettes Biochemistry in Perspective Essays Biochemistry in the Lab Boxes Preface General and Organic Chemistry Review Primer
• 1. Biochemistry: An Introduction
• 2. Living Cells
• 3. Water: The Matrix of Life
• 4. Energy
• 5. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
• 6. Enzymes
• 7. Carbohydrates
• 8. Carbohydrate Metabolism
• 9. Aerobic Metabolism I: The Citric Acid Cycle
• 10. Aerobic Metabolism II: Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
• 11. Lipids and Membranes
• 12. Lipid Metabolism
• 13. Photosynthesis
• 14. Nitrogen Metabolism I: Synthesis
• 15. Nitrogen Metabolism II: Degradation
• 16. Integration of Metabolism
• 17. Nucleic Acids
• 18. Genetic Information
• 19. Protein Synthesis Appendix: Solutions Credits.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life is an intermediate, one-semester text written for students on degree pathways in Chemistry, Biology, and other Health and Life Sciences. Designed for students who need a solid introduction to biochemistry, but are not specializing in the subject, the text focuses on essential biochemical principles that underpin the modern life sciences, and offers the most balanced coverage of chemistry and biology of any text on the market. The text equips students with a complete view of the living state, emphasizes problem solving, and applies biochemical principles to the fields of Health, Agriculture, Engineering, and Forensics, to show students the relevance of their learning. McKee and McKee is respected for its balance of biology and chemistry, consistently placing biochemical principles into the context of the physiology of the cell and biomedical applications.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

For courses in chemistry. Actively engage students to become expert problem solvers and critical thinkers Nivaldo Tro's Chemistry: A Molecular Approach presents chemistry visually through multi-level images-macroscopic, molecular, and symbolic representations-to help students see the connections between the world they see around them, the atoms and molecules that compose the world, and the formulas they write down on paper. Interactive, digital versions of select worked examples instruct students how to break down problems using Tro's unique "Sort, Strategize, Solve, and Check" technique and then complete a step in the example. To build conceptual understanding, Dr. Tro employs an active learning approach through interactive media that requires students to pause during videos to ensure they understand before continuing. The 5th Edition pairs digital, pedagogical innovation with insights from learning design and educational research to create an active, integrated, and easy-to-use framework. The new edition introduces a fully integrated book and media package that streamlines course set up, actively engages students in becoming expert problem solvers, and makes it possible for professors to teach the general chemistry course easily and effectively. Also available with Mastering Chemistry By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, Mastering personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student.The fully integrated and complete media package allows instructors to engage students before they come to class, hold them accountable for learning during class, and then confirm that learning after class. Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; Mastering Chemistry does not come packaged with this content. Students, if interested in purchasing this title with Mastering Chemistry, ask your instructor for the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and Mastering Chemistry, search for: 0134988809 / 9780134988801 Chemistry: A Molecular Approach Plus Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of: 0134874374 / 9780134874371 Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 013498854X / 9780134988542 Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Chemistry: A Molecular Approach.
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• Keys to studying chemistry : definitions, units, and problem solving
• The components of matter
• Stoichiometry of formulas and equations
• Three major classes of chemical reactions
• Gases and the kinetic-molecular theory
• Thermochemistry : energy flow and chemical change
• Quantum theory and atomic structure
• Electron configuration and chemical periodicity
• Models of chemical bonding
• The shapes of molecules
• Theories of covalent bonding
• Intermolecular forces : liquids, solids, and phase changes
• The properties of mixtures : solutions and colloids
• Periodic patterns in the main-group elements
• Organic compounds and the atomic properties of carbon
• Kinetics : rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions
• Equilibrium : the extent of chemical reactions
• Acid-base equilibria
• Ionic equilibria in aqueous systems
• Thermodynamics : entropy, free energy, and reaction direction
• Electrochemistry : chemical change and electrical work
• The elements in nature and industry
• Transition elements and their coordination compounds
• Nuclear reactions and their applications.

"Chemistry is so crucial to an understanding of medicine and biology, environmental science, and many areas of engineering and industrial processing that it has become a requirement for an increasing number of academic majors. Furthermore, chemical principles lie at the core of some of the key societal issues we face in the 21st century-dealing with climate change, finding new energy options, and supplying nutrition and curing disease on an ever more populated planet. The ninth edition of Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change maintains its standard-setting position among general chemistry textbooks by evolving further to meet the needs of professor and student. The text still contains the most accurate molecular illustrations, consistent step-by-step worked problems, and an extensive collection of end-of-chapter problems. And changes throughout this edition make the text more readable and succinct, the artwork more teachable and modern, and the design more focused and inviting. The three hallmarks that have made this text a market leader are now demonstrated in its pages more clearly than ever"-- Provided by publisher.

• 1.1 Metal/Metal Dual Catalysis 1.1.1 General Principles of Metal/Metal Dual Catalysis 1.1.2 Palladium/Copper and Palladium/Nickel Dual Catalysis 1.1.3 Rhodium/Palladium Dual Catalysis 1.1.4 Iridium/Zinc and Iridium/Copper Dual Catalysis 1.1.5 Gold/Iron Dual Catalysis 1.1.6 Gold Dual Catalysis with Palladium, Nickel, or Rhodium 1.1.7 Gold/Gold Dual Catalysis 1.2 Transition-Metal/Photocatalyst Dual Catalysis 1.2.1 General Principles of Transition-Metal/Photocatalyst Dual Catalysis 1.2.2 Nickel/Photocatalyst Dual Catalysis 1.2.3 Palladium/Photocatalyst Dual Catalysis 1.2.4 Gold/Photocatalysis Dual Catalysis.
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• 2.1 Metal/Organocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.1.1 General Principles of Metal/Organocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.1.2 Palladium/Organocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.1.3 Gold/Organocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.1.4 Rhodium/Organocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.2 Metal/Biocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.3 Dual Catalysis with Two Organocatalysts 2.4 Organocatalyst/Photocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.5 Organocatalyst/Biocatalyst Dual Catalysis 2.6 Dual Catalysis with Two or More Biocatalysts.
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The field of dual catalysis has developed rapidly over the last decade, and these volumes define its impact on organic synthesis. The most important, basic concepts of synergistic, dual catalytic cycles are introduced, providing newcomers to the field with reliable information on this new approach to facilitating the synthesis of organic molecules. Background information and reliable procedures for challenging transformations in synthesis are presented, applying the concept of cooperative dual catalysis as a means of increasing molecular complexity in the most efficient manner. The most useful, practical, and reliable methods for dual catalysis combining metal catalysts, organocatalysts, photocatalysts, and biocatalysts are presented.
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• Chapter 1 Bond-Line Drawings 1 1.1 How to Read Bond-Line Drawings 1 1.2 How to Draw Bond-Line Drawings 4 1.3 Mistakes to Avoid 6 1.4 More Exercises 6 1.5 Identifying Formal Charges 8 1.6 Finding Lone Pairs that are Not Drawn 11 Chapter 2 Resonance 15 2.1 What is Resonance? 15 2.2 Curved Arrows: The Tools for Drawing Resonance Structures 16 2.3 The Two Commandments 17 2.4 Drawing Good Arrows 20 2.5 Formal Charges in Resonance Structures 22 2.6 Drawing Resonance Structures-Step by Step 25 2.7 Drawing Resonance Structures-by Recognizing Patterns 29 2.8 Assessing the Relative Importance of Resonance Structures 36 Chapter 3 Acid-Base Reactions 41 3.1 Factor 1-What Atom is the Charge On? 41 3.2 Factor 2-Resonance 44 3.3 Factor 3-Induction 47 3.4 Factor 4-Orbitals 49 3.5 Ranking the Four Factors 50 3.6 Other Factors 53 3.7 Quantitative Measurement (pKa Values) 54 3.8 Predicting the Position of Equilibrium 54 3.9 Showing a Mechanism 55 Chapter 4 Geometry 57 4.1 Orbitals and Hybridization States 57 4.2 Geometry 60 4.3 Lone Pairs 62 Chapter 5 Nomenclature 64 5.1 Functional Group 65 5.2 Unsaturation 66 5.3 Naming the Parent Chain 67 5.4 Naming Substituents 70 5.5 Stereoisomerism 72 5.6 Numbering 74 5.7 Common Names 78 5.8 Going from a Name to a Structure 79 Chapter 6 Conformations 80 6.1 How to Draw a Newman Projection 80 6.2 Ranking the Stability of Newman Projections 84 6.3 Drawing Chair Conformations 86 6.4 Placing Groups on the Chair 90 6.5 Ring Flipping 93 6.6 Comparing the Stability of Chairs 99 6.7 Don't Be Confused by the Nomenclature 102 Chapter 7 Configurations 103 7.1 Locating Chiral Centers 103 7.2 Determining the Configuration of a Chiral Center 106 7.3 Nomenclature 113 7.4 Drawing Enantiomers 116 7.5 Diastereomers 120 7.6 Meso Compounds 121 7.7 Drawing Fischer Projections 123 7.8 Optical Activity 127 Chapter 8 Mechanisms 129 8.1 Introduction to Mechanisms 129 8.2 Nucleophiles and Electrophiles 129 8.3 Basicity vs. Nucleophilicity 131 8.4 Arrow-Pushing Patterns for Ionic Mechanisms 133 8.5 Carbocation Rearrangements 138 8.6 Information Contained in a Mechanism 142 Chapter 9 Substitution Reactions 145 9.1 The Mechanisms 145 9.2 Factor 1-The Electrophile (Substrate) 147 9.3 Factor 2-The Nucleophile 149 9.4 Factor 3-The Leaving Group 151 9.5 Factor 4-The Solvent 153 9.6 Using All Four Factors 155 9.7 Substitution Reactions Teach Us Some Important Lessons 156 Chapter 10 Elimination Reactions 157 10.1 The E2 Mechanism 157 10.2 The Regiochemical Outcome of an E2 Reaction 158 10.3 The Stereochemical Outcome of an E2 Reaction 159 10.4 The E1 Mechanism 162 10.5 The Regiochemical Outcome of an E1 Reaction 163 10.6 The Stereochemical Outcome of an E1 Reaction 164 10.7 Substitution vs. Elimination 164 10.8 Determining the Function of the Reagent 165 10.9 Identifying the Mechanism(s) 167 10.10 Predicting the Products 169 Chapter 11 Addition Reactions 172 11.1 Terminology Describing Regiochemistry 172 11.2 Terminology Describing Stereochemistry 174 11.3 Adding H and H 180 11.4 Adding H and X, Markovnikov 183 11.5 Adding H and Br, Anti-Markovnikov 188 11.6 Adding H and OH, Markovnikov 192 11.7 Adding H and OH, Anti-Markovnikov 194 11.8 Synthesis Techniques 198 11.9 Adding Br and Br
• Adding Br and OH 204 11.10 Adding OH and OH, Anti 209 11.11 Adding OH and OH, syn 211 11.12 Oxidative Cleavage of an Alkene 213 Summary of Reactions 214 Chapter 12 Alkynes 216 12.1 Structure and Properties of Alkynes 216 12.2 Preparation of Alkynes 218 12.3 Alkylation of Terminal Alkynes 219 12.4 Reduction of Alkynes 221 12.5 Hydration of Alkynes 224 12.6 Keto-Enol Tautomerization 227 12.7 Ozonolysis of Alkynes 232 Chapter 13 Alcohols 234 13.1 Naming and Designating Alcohols 234 13.2 Predicting Solubility of Alcohols 235 13.3 Predicting Relative Acidity of Alcohols 237 13.4 Preparing Alcohols: A Review 239 13.5 Preparing Alcohols via Reduction 240 13.6 Preparing Alcohols via Grignard Reactions 246 13.7 Summary of Methods for Preparing Alcohols 249 13.8 Reactions of Alcohols: Substitution and Elimination 250 13.9 Reactions of Alcohols: Oxidation 253 13.10 Converting an Alcohol into an Ether 255 Chapter 14 Ethers and Epoxides 257 14.1 Introduction to Ethers 257 14.2 Preparation of Ethers 259 14.3 Reactions of Ethers 261 14.4 Preparation of Epoxides 262 14.5 Ring-Opening Reactions of Epoxides 264 Chapter 15 Synthesis 270 15.1 One-Step Syntheses 271 15.2 Multistep Syntheses 283 15.3 Retrosynthetic Analysis 284 15.4 Creating Your Own Problems 285 Detailed Solutions 287 Index 381.
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Organic chemistry can be a challenging subject. Most students view organic chemistry as a subject requiring hours upon hours of memorization. Author David Klein's Second Language books prove this is not true-organic chemistry is one continuous story that actually makes sense if you pay attention. Offering a unique skill-building approach, these market-leading books teach students how to ask the right questions to solve problems, study more efficiently to avoid wasting time, and learn to speak the language of organic chemistry. Covering the initial half of the course, Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: First Semester Topics reviews critical principles and explains their relevance to the rest of the course. Each section provides hands-on exercises and step-by-step explanations to help students fully comprehend classroom lectures and textbook content. Now in its fifth edition, this valuable study resource covers the characteristics of molecules, the nature of atomic bonds, the relationships between different types of molecules, drawing and naming molecules, and essential molecular reactions.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1 Aromaticity 1 1.1 Introduction to Aromatic Compounds 1 1.2 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds 2 1.3 Criteria for Aromaticity 6 1.4 Lone Pairs 9
• Chapter 2 IR Spectroscopy 11 2.1 Vibrational Excitation 11 2.2 IR Spectra 13 2.3 Wavenumber 13 2.4 Signal Intensity 18 2.5 Signal Shape 19 2.6 Analyzing an IR Spectrum 26
• Chapter 3 NMR Spectroscopy 33 3.1 Chemical Equivalence 33 3.2 Chemical Shift (Benchmark Values) 36 3.3 Integration 41 3.4 Multiplicity 44 3.5 Pattern Recognition 46 3.6 Complex Splitting 48 3.7 No Splitting 49 3.8 Hydrogen Deficiency Index (Degrees of Unsaturation) 50 3.9 Analyzing a Proton NMR Spectrum 53 3.10 13C NMR Spectroscopy 57
• Chapter 4 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution 60 4.1 Halogenation and the Role of Lewis Acids 61 4.2 Nitration 65 4.3 Friedel-Crafts Alkylation and Acylation 67 4.4 Sulfonation 74 4.5 Activation and Deactivation 78 4.6 Directing Effects 80 4.7 Identifying Activators and Deactivators 89 4.8 Predicting and Exploiting Steric Effects 99 4.9 Synthesis Strategies 106
• Chapter 5 Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 112 5.1 Criteria for Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 112 5.2 SNAr Mechanism 114 5.3 Elimination-Addition 120 5.4 Mechanism Strategies 125
• Chapter 6 Ketones and Aldehydes 127 6.1 Preparation of Ketones and Aldehydes 127 6.2 Stability and Reactivity of C===O Bonds 130 6.3 H-Nucleophiles 132 6.4 O-Nucleophiles 137 6.5 S-Nucleophiles 147 6.6 N-Nucleophiles 149 6.7 C-Nucleophiles 157 6.8 Exceptions to the Rule 166 6.9 How to Approach Synthesis Problems 170
• Chapter 7 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 176 7.1 Reactivity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 176 7.2 General Rules 177 7.3 Acid Halides 181 7.4 Acid Anhydrides 189 7.5 Esters 191 7.6 Amides and Nitriles 200 7.7 Synthesis Problems 209
• Chapter 8 Enols and Enolates 217 8.1 Alpha Protons 217 8.2 Keto-Enol Tautomerism 219 8.3 Reactions Involving Enols 223 8.4 Making Enolates 226 8.5 Haloform Reaction 229 8.6 Alkylation of Enolates 232 8.7 Aldol Reactions 236 8.8 Claisen Condensation 242 8.9 Decarboxylation 249 8.10 Michael Reactions 256
• Chapter 9 Amines 263 9.1 Nucleophilicity and Basicity of Amines 263 9.2 Preparation of Amines Through SN2 Reactions 265 9.3 Preparation of Amines Through Reductive Amination 268 9.4 Acylation of Amines 273 9.5 Reactions of Amines with Nitrous Acid 276 9.6 Aromatic Diazonium Salts 279
• Chapter 10 Diels-Alder Reactions 282 10.1 Introduction and Mechanism 282 10.2 The Dienophile 285 10.3 The Diene 286 10.4 Other Pericyclic Reactions 292 Detailed Solutions S-1 Index I-1.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Organic chemistry can be a challenging subject. Most students view organic chemistry as a subject requiring hours upon hours of memorization. Author David Klein's Second Language books prove this is not true-organic chemistry is one continuous story that actually makes sense if you pay attention. Offering a unique skill-building approach, these market-leading books teach students how to ask the right questions to solve problems, study more efficiently to avoid wasting time, and learn to speak the language of organic chemistry. The fifth edition of Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: Second Semester Topics builds upon the principles previously explored in first half of the course-delving deeper into molecular mechanisms, reactions, and analytical techniques. Hands-on exercises and thoroughly-explained solutions further reinforce student comprehension of chemical concepts and organic principles. An indispensable supplement to the primary text, this resource covers aromatic compounds, infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, nucleophilic and electrophilic aromatic substitution, ketones and aldehydes, carboxylic acid derivatives, and much more.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Chapter 1: The Periodic System
• Chapter 2: Quantitative Relationships among the Elements and the Origins of the Periodic Table
• Chapter 3: Discoverers of the Periodic System
• Chapter 4: Mendeleev
• Chapter 5: Prediction and Accommodation: The Acceptance of Mendeleev's Periodic System
• Chapter 6: The Nucleus and the Periodic Table: Radioactivity, Atomic Number, and Isotopy
• Chapter 7: The Electron and Chemical Periodicity
• Chapter 8: Electronic Explanations of the Periodic System Developed by Chemists
• Chapter 9: Quantum Mechanics and the Periodic Table
• Chapter 10: Astrophysics, Nucleosynthesis
• Chapter 11: The Missing Seven Elements
• Chapter 12: Synthetic Elements
• Chapter 13: Alternative Forms of the periodic table
• Chapter 14: More Chemistry Appendix Index Bibliography.
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The periodic table of elements is among the most recognizable image in science. It lies at the core of chemistry and embodies the most fundamental principles of science. In this new edition, Eric Scerri offers readers a complete and updated history and philosophy of the periodic table. Written in a lively style to appeal to experts and interested lay-persons alike, The Periodic Table: Its Story and Its Significance begins with an overview of the importance of the periodic table and the manner in which the term "element" has been interpreted by chemists and philosophers across time. The book traces the evolution and development of the periodic table from its early beginnings with the work of the precursors like De Chancourtois, Newlands and Meyer to Mendeleev's 1869 first published table and beyond. Several chapters are devoted to developments in 20th century physics, especially quantum mechanics and and the extent to which they explain the periodic table in a more fundamental way. Other chapters examine the formation of the elements, nuclear structure, the discovery of the last seven infra-uranium elements, and the synthesis of trans-uranium elements. Finally, the book considers the many different ways of representing the periodic system and the quest for an optimal arrangement.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

For two-semester courses in General Chemistry Actively engage students to become expert problem solvers and critical thinkers, using a streamlined approach Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach presents core concepts without sacrificing rigor, enabling students to make connections between chemistry and their lives or future careers. Drawing upon his classroom experience as an award-winning educator, Professor Tro extends chemistry to the student's world by capturing student attention with examples of everyday processes and a captivating writing style. Throughout this student-friendly text, chemistry is presented visually through multi-level images that help students see the connections between the world around them (macroscopic), the atoms and molecules that compose the world (molecular), and the formulas they write down on paper (symbolic). The 4th Edition pairs digital, pedagogical innovation with insights from learning design and educational research to create an active, integrated, and easy-to-use framework. The new edition introduces a fully integrated book and media package that streamlines course set up, actively engages students in becoming expert problem solvers, and makes it possible for professors to teach the general chemistry course easily and effectively. The fully integrated book and media package streamlines course set up, actively engages students in becoming expert problem solvers, and makes it possible for professors to teach the general chemistry course easily and effectively. Also available with Mastering Chemistry By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, Mastering personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student.The fully integrated and complete media package allows instructors to engage students before they come to class, hold them accountable for learning during class, and then confirm that learning after class. Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; Mastering does not come packaged with this content. Students, if interested in purchasing this title with Mastering, ask your instructor for the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and Mastering, search for: 0134988531 / 9780134988535 Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach Plus Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of: 0134895746 / 9780134895741 Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 013498837X / 9780134988375 Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

The selected solution manual for students contains complete, step-by-step solutions to selected odd-numbered end-of-chapter problems.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• About the editors List of contributors Preface Armando J.L. Pombeiro and M. Fatima C. Guedes da Silva
• Chapter 1 Alkane Functionalization: Introduction And Overview Armando J.L. Pombeiro PART I - C-O BOND FORMATION. HYDROXYLATION AND OTHER OXYGENATION REACTIONS
• Chapter 2 Activation and oxidative functionalization of alkanes with noble-metal catalysts: Molecular mechanisms Evgeniy G. Chepaikin
• Chapter 3 Alkane-oxidizing systems based on metal complexes. Radical versus non-radical mechanisms Georgiy B. Shul'pin
• Chapter 4 Reactions of alkyl radicals in aqueous solutions Dan meyerstein
• Chapter 5 C-H bond oxidation with transition metal based carbene complexes Bruno Dominelli, Anja C. Lindhorst, Fritz E. Kuhn
• Chapter 6 Alkane oxidation with C-scorpionate metal complexes Luisa M. D. R. S. Martins
• Chapter 7 Alkane oxidation with multinuclear heterometallic catalysts Dmytro S. Nesterov, Oksana V. Nesterova and Armando J.L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 8 Oxidative functionalization of methane on heterogeneous catalysts Maricruz Sanchez-Sanchez and Johannes A. Lercher
• Chapter 9 Gas-phase oxidation of alkanes Fabrizio Cavani, Alessandro Chieregato, Jose Manuel Lopez Nieto, Jean-Marc M. Millet PART II - BIOINSPIRED ALKANE FUNCTIONALIZATION
• Chapter 10 Recent developments of bio-inspired approaches to functionalization of light alkanes Alexander B. Sorokin
• Chapter 11 Regioselectivity of non-heme iron catalysts for C-H activation Christian R. Goldsmith
• Chapter 12 Imine-based Iron and Manganese Complexes as Catalysts for Alkane Functionalization Giorgio Olivo, Osvaldo Lanzalunga, Stefano Di Stefano
• Chapter 13 Alkane oxidation with biologically inspired nonheme iron catalysts based in the triazacyclononane ligand scaffold Miquel Costas
• Chapter 14 The nature of high-valent oxometal intermediates of iron-aminopyridine mediated oxidations Oleg Y. Lyakin, konstantin P. Bryliakov, Evgenii P. Talsi
• Chapter 15 Selective Oxidation of Alkanes by Metallo-Monooxygenases and their Nano-Biomimetics Chih-Cheng Liu, Yi-FangTtsai, Wondemagegn H. Wanna, Ravirala Ramu, Damodar Janmanchi, Sunney I. Chan, Steve S.-F. Yu
• Chapter 16 Alkane oxidation with vanadium and copper catalysts Manas Sutradhar, Luisa M.D.R.S. Martins, M. Fatima C. Guedes da Silva, ArmandoJ. L. Pombeiro PART III - C-B, C-C AND C-N BOND FORMATION
• Chapter 17 Catalytic borylation of methane: combining computational and high-throughput screening approaches to discover a new catalyst Pavel Zatsepin, Dieter Sorsche, Seihwan Ahn, Mu-Hyun Baik, Daniel J. Mindiola
• Chapter 18 Alkane carbonylation and carbene insertion reactions Ana M. Faisca Phillips and Armando J. L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 19 Catalytic alkane amidation and related reactions Dmytro S. Nesterov, Luis M. T. Frija, Armando J. L. Pombeiro, Maximilian N. Kopylovich PART IV - DEHYDROGENATION REACTIONS
• Chapter 20 Oxidative and non-oxidative routes to alkane dehydrogenation Jay A. Labinger
• Chapter 21 Dehydrogenation of alkanes using molecular catalysts Huaquan Fang, Guixia Liu, Zheng Huang PART V - UNCONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS
• Chapter 22 Non-transition metal catalyzed oxidation of alkanes with peroxides Maxim L. Kuznetsov
• Chapter 23 Metal-free functionalization of alkanes Jincan Zhao, Jianlin Han
• Chapter 24 Alkane functionalization under unconventional conditions: in ionic liquid, in supercritical co2 and microwave assisted Ana P.C. Ribeiro, Eelisabete C.B.A. Alegria, Antonio Palavra, Aarmando J.L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 25 Noncovalent interactions in alkane chemistry Kamran T. Mahmudov, M. Fatima C. Guedes da Silva, Fedor I. Zubkov, Armando J. L. Pombeiro
• Chapter 26 Alkane complexation Robert H. Crabtree
• Chapter 27 Alkane related C-H bond activation and functionalization of aliphatic amines Christian Bruneau, Mathieu Achard.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Presents state-of-the-art information concerning the syntheses of valuable functionalized organic compounds from alkanes, with a focus on simple, mild, and green catalytic processes Alkane Functionalization offers a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of catalytic functionalization of alkanes under mild and green conditions. Written by a team of leading experts on the topic, the book examines the latest research developments in the synthesis of valuable functionalized organic compounds from alkanes. The authors describe the various modes of interaction of alkanes with metal centres and examine theoxidative alkane functionalization upon C-O bond formation. They address the many types of mechanisms, discuss typical catalytic systems and highlight the strategies inspired by biological catalytic systems. The book also describes alkane functionalization upon C-heteroatom bond formation as well as oxidative and non-oxidative approaches. In addition, the book explores non-transition metal catalysts and metal-free catalytic systems and presents selected types of functionalization of sp3 C-H bonds pertaining to substrates other than alkanes. This important resource: Presents a guide to the most recent advances concerning the syntheses of valuable functionalized organic compounds from alkanes Contains information from leading experts on the topic Offers information on the catalytic functionalization of alkanes that allows for improved simplicity and sustainability compared to current multi-stage industrial processes Explores the challenges inherent with the application of alkanes as starting materials for syntheses of added value functionalized organic compounds Written for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in the fields of coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis, organic synthesis and green chemistry, Alkane Functionalization is an important resource for accessing the most up-to-date information available in the field of catalytic functionalization of alkanes.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This is the first book to present a detailed discussion of both classical and recent results on the popular Cahn-Hilliard equation and some of its variants. The focus is on mathematical analysis of Cahn-Hilliard models, with an emphasis on thermodynamically relevant logarithmic nonlinear terms, for which several questions are still open. Initially proposed in view of applications to materials science, the Cahn-Hilliard equation is now applied in many other areas, including image processing, biology, ecology, astronomy, and chemistry. In particular, the author addresses applications to image inpainting and tumor growth. Many chapters include open problems and directions for future research. The Cahn?Hilliard Equation: Recent Advances and Applications is intended for graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics, especially those interested in phase separation models and their generalizations and applications to other fields. Materials scientists also will find this text of interest.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book addresses both classic concepts and state-of-the-art technologies surrounding cellulose science and technology. Integrating nanoscience and applications in materials, energy, biotechnology, and more, the book appeals broadly to students and researchers in chemistry, materials, energy, and environmental science. - Includes contributions from leading cellulose scientists worldwide, with five Anselm Payen Cellulose Award winners and two Hayashi Jisuke Cellulose Award winners - Deals with a highly applicable and timely topic, considering the current activities in the fields of bioeconomies, biorefineries, and biomass utilization - Maximizes readership by combining fundamental science and application development.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• [Volume 1] Perspective, theory, and new materials
• [Volume 2] Properties, processing, and applications.

The Fourth Edition of the Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Two-Volume Set continues to be the definitive resource on the topic of conducting polymers. Volume 1, Conjugated Polymers: Perspective, Theory, and New Materials, features new chapters on the fundamental theory and new materials involved in conducting polymers. It discusses the history of physics and chemistry of these materials and the theory behind them. Finally, it details polymer and materials chemistry including such topics as conjugated block copolymers, metal-containing conjugated polymers, and continuous flow processing. Volume 2, Conjugated Polymers: Properties, Processing, and Applications, features new chapters focusing on these topics within conducting polymers. It discusses properties and characterization, including thermoelectric and mechanical properties, as well as processing and morphology, covering such topics as thermal phase behavior influence on optoelectronic properties, effect of miscibility on organic solar cells, and more. Finally, the book discusses applications, including the use of conducting polymers in stretchable electronics, electrochemical capacitors, and biomedical applications.

• Partial Contents: Introduction, Convective Burning, Low-velocity Detonation, Compacted Modified Propellant Charges for Barrel Systems, Application of Compacted Modified Propellant Charges (CMPCs) as a Travelling Charge, Pulse Nozzle Setups with Convective Burning, Pulse Setups Operating in a Low-velocity Detonation Mode, Generation of Blast Waves by Non-ideal Detonation of High-density Compositions based on Ammonium Perchlorate and Enriched by Aluminum, Conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book presents original research into the behaviour, ignition mechanisms, and wave structure of convective burning and low-velocity detonations (LVDs). Such processes occupy an intermediate position between modes of normal combustion and normal detonation, and their properties directly affect the dynamics of explosions, including unplanned explosions caused by accidental ignition. The book illustrates techniques to stabilize convective burning and LVDs and control their properties, thus enabling energetic materials specialists and ballistics experts to manage potentially dangerous hazards of transition to normal detonation. In addition, the book provides a scientific foundation for the technical application of these processes in pulse-nozzle and missile devices and in jet injectors. It also offers new studies on compacted modified propellants, which, due to their burning mechanisms, can significantly enhance the performance of barrel systems. Highlights of the book include: Original investigations into the behaviour and mechanisms of convective burning and low velocity detonation. New techniques to slow down convective burning and low-velocity detonation, stabilize them, and control their properties, particularly in transition to normal detonation. Applications for reducing risks of accidental ignition of energetic materials. Investigates compacted modified propellants to increase performance of guns, especially with a traveling charge. Designs for low-velocity detonation as a working model for pulse-nozzle and missile devices and to generate enhanced blast waves.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction - An Overview of Practical Electrochemistry Electrochemistry in Equilibrium Electrochemistry with Flowing Current Analytical Electrochemistry Non-Traditional Electrochemistry Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Electrochemical Production Appendix List of Symbols, Acronyms and Abbreviations Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Showing how to apply the theoretical knowledge in practice, the one and only compilation of electrochemical experiments on the market now in a new edition. Maintaining its didactic approach, this successful textbook provides clear and easy-to-follow instructions for carrying out the experiments, illustrating the most important principles and applications in modern electrochemistry, while pointing out the potential dangers and risks involved. This second edition contains approximately 25% new material and 20 new experiments, many of which cover electrochemical energy conversion and storage as well as electrochemical equilibrium. With a foreword by R. Daniel Little.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part I: Preliminaries.- Anticipating the Big Picture: Some Clues.- Chemical and Notational Preliminaries.- Reaction Networks, Kinetics, and the Induced Differential Equations.- Open Systems: Why Study Nonconservative and Otherwise Peculiar Reaction Networks?.- A Toy-Reaction-Network Zoo: Varieties of Behavior and Some Questions.- Part II: Some Principle Theorems: A First Look.- Aspects of Reaction Network Structure.- The Deficiency Zero Theorem.- Deficiency One Theory.- Concentration Robustness and Its Importance in Biology: Some More Deficiency-Oriented Theorems.- Concordant Reaction Networks: Architectures that Promote Dull, Reliable Behavior Across Broad Kinetic Classes.- The Species-Reaction Graph.- The Big Picture Revisited.- Part III: Going Deeper.- Quasi-Thermodynamic Kinetic Systems.- Detailed Balancing.- Complex Balancing.- Deficiency Zero Theory Foundations and Some Key Propositions.- Deficiency One Theory Foundations.- Concentration Robustness Foundations.- Species-Reaction Graph Foundations.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book provides an authoritative introduction to the rapidly growing field of chemical reaction network theory. In particular, the book presents deep and surprising theorems that relate the graphical and algebraic structure of a reaction network to qualitative properties of the intricate system of nonlinear differential equations that the network induces. Over the course of three main parts, Feinberg provides a gradual transition from a tutorial on the basics of reaction network theory, to a survey of some of its principal theorems, and, finally, to a discussion of the theory's more technical aspects. Written with great clarity, this book will be of value to mathematicians and to mathematically-inclined biologists, chemists, physicists, and engineers who want to contribute to chemical reaction network theory or make use of its powerful results.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This textbook is packaged with Navigate 2 Advantage Access which unlocks a complete eBook, Study Center, homework and Assessment Center, and a dashboard that reports actionable data. Experience Navigate 2 today at www.jblnavigate.com/2. Hazardous Materials Chemistry, Third Edition by Armando S. Bevelacqua and Laurie A. Norman explores basic chemical principles, nomenclature, and toxicology so that fire fighters and first responders can effectively identify hazards associated with specific chemicals and chemical families, determine the potential dangers present at a hazardous materials incident, and make safe and informed decisions. Each chapter presents scenarios that discuss real world problems as described within the context of that chapter's content. Practical applications of chemical reactions are described within the framework of case studies that focus on specific hazmat incidents, and the importance of understanding chemical reactions and how that knowledge can impact the result of a hazardous materials incident is highlighted. By learning the chemistry behind an incident, students understand how chemical reactions can impact an incident. Hazardous Materials Chemistry, Third Edition meets the course and learning objectives of the National Fire Academy's FESHE Model Curriculum for their Hazardous Materials Chemistry program and is appropriate for a fire department hazardous materials chemistry class.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface Acknowledgments Prologue: Aboard the Research Vessel Endeavor, South of Iceland, May 1991 1. Discovery 2. Discovery's Wake 3. The "Invisible Phenomenon" 4. Dating 5. Photosynthesis 6. Calvin's Cycle 7. Scintillations and Accelerations 8. The Shroud of Turin and Other Relics 9. Ocean Circulation 10. Carbon-14 in the Ocean 11. Ocean Fertility 12. Resolution: Plankton Rate Processes in Oligotrophic Oceans 13. Carbon-14 and Climate Epilogue
• Appendix 1. List of Nobel Prize Winners Mentioned
• Appendix 2. The Periodic Table of Elements Notes References Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

There are few fields of science that carbon-14 has not touched. A radioactive isotope of carbon, it stands out for its unusually long half-life. Best known for its application to estimating the age of artifacts-carbon dating-carbon-14 helped reveal new chronologies of human civilization and geological time. Everything containing carbon, the basis of all life, could be placed in time according to the clock of radioactive decay, with research applications ranging from archeology to oceanography to climatology. In Hot Carbon, John F. Marra tells the untold story of this scientific revolution. He weaves together the workings of the many disciplines that employ carbon-14 with gripping tales of the individuals who pioneered its possibilities. He describes the concrete applications of carbon-14 to the study of all the stuff of life on earth, from climate science's understanding of change over time to his own work on oceanic photosynthesis with microscopic phytoplankton. Marra's engaging narrative encompasses nuclear testing, the peopling of the Americas, elephant poaching, and the flax plants used for the linen in the Shroud of Turin. Combining colorful narrative prose with accessible explanations of fundamental science, Hot Carbon is a thought-provoking exploration of how the power of carbon-14 informs our relationship to the past.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chemical Reactions and Complexity
• Kinetic Experiments: Concepts and Realizations
• Chemical Book-keeping: Linear Algebra in Chemical Kinetics*
• Steady-State Chemical Kinetics: A Primer
• Steady-state Chemical Kinetics: Machinery
• Linear and Nonlinear Relaxation: Stability
• Nonlinear Mechanisms: Steady State and Dynamics
• Kinetic Polynomials
• Temporal Analysis of Products: Principles, Applications, and Theory
• Joint Kinetics
• Decoding the Past
• Decoding the Future.

This second, extended and updated edition presents the current state of kinetics of chemical reactions, combining basic knowledge with results recently obtained at the frontier of science. Special attention is paid to the problem of the chemical reaction complexity with theoretical and methodological concepts illustrated throughout by numerous examples taken from heterogeneous catalysis combustion and enzyme processes. Of great interest to graduate students in both chemistry and chemical engineering.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1: Introduction to mass spectrometry
• 2: Methods of ionization
• 3: Methods of mass analysis
• 4: Resolution, accurate mass and sensitivity
• 5: Tandem mass spectrometry
• 6: Interpretation of mass spectra
• 7: Coupled separation techniques and quantification using mass spectrometry
• 8: Applications and recent technological advances.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The renowned Oxford Chemistry Primers series, which provides focused introductions to a range of important topics in chemistry, has been refreshed and updated to suit the needs of today's students, lecturers, and postgraduate researchers. The rigorous, yet accessible, treatment of each subject area is ideal for those wanting a primer in a given topic to prepare them for more advanced study or research. Moreover, cutting-edge examples and applications throughout the texts show the relevance of the chemistry being described to current research and industry. The learning features provided, including questions at the end of every chapter and online multiple-choice questions, encourage active learning and promote understanding. Furthermore, frequent diagrams, margin notes, further reading, and glossary definitions all help to enhance a student's understanding of these essential areas of chemistry. This brand new addition to the series provides the most concise, clear, and accessible first introduction to the basic principles of mass spectrometry. Online resources The online resources that accompany Mass Spectrometry include: For students: - Multiple-choice questions for self-directed learning For registered adopters of the text: - Figures from the book available to download.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface 3
• Chapter 1. Alkaloids 9
• 1.1 Pseudopelletierine From the root-bark of the pomegranate tree 9
• 1.2 Colchicine From the seeds of the autumn crocus 29
• 1.3 Capsaicin From Kenyan "African Bird's Eye Chilies" 49
• Chapter 2. Coloured Compounds 69
• 2.1 Thymoquinone From the oil of the seeds of black caraway 69
• 2.2 Berberine Chloride From the bark of the common barberry 89
• 2.3 Carminic acid From dried cochineal 109
• 2.4 Safflomin A From flowers of the safflower 129
• 2.5 Chlorophyll a From deep frozen spinach leaves 151
• Chapter 3. Carbohydrates and Glycosides 175
• 3.1 Raffinose From the seeds of blue lupins 175
• 3.2 Fraxin From the shredded bark of the ash tree 195
• 3.3 Stevioside From the dried leaves of Stevia rebaudiana 215
• Chapter 4. Terpenoids 235
• 4.1 Linalool From Brazilian rosewood oil 235
• 4.2 Camphor From camphor tree oil 255
• 4.3 Cantharidin From Spanish fly Lytta vesicatoria 275
• 4.4 Artemisinin From the dried leaves of the annual mugwort 291
• 4.5 Diosgenin From an extract of the roots of Mexican yams 311
• 4.6 Friedelin From cork from the bark of the cork-oak 331
• 4.7 Boswellic acid From frankincense, the resin of the Arabian olibanum tree 353
• Chapter 5. Aromatic Compounds 375
• 5.1 Sinensetin From cold-pressed orange oil 375
• 5.2 Rosmarinic acid From the dried leaves of lemon balm 391
• Chapter 6. Quantum Chemical Calculation 411
• Appendix 417
• Spectroscopic Experiments 417
• External Photographic Credits 418
• Text Credits 419
• Chemical Substance Index 421
• General Subject Index 424
• Name Index 432.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Written by experienced authors, this book presents numerous natural everyday products with a high range of structural diversity. Twenty natural products have been arranged in five sections, describing three alkaloids, five colored compounds, three carbohydrates and glycosides, seven terpenoids, and two aromatic compounds. Adopting a highly didactical approach, each chapter features a uniform structure: Background, in-depth information about isolation processes and structural characterization as well as a Q&A section at the end. Alongside the theoretical information many practical hints for the laboratory work are also included. A comprehensive overview of UV-, IR- and NMR-spectroscopy as well as mass-spectrometry for every exemplified compound is provided and the understanding of these methods is supported by concluding questions and exercises. Educating and entertaining, this full-color textbook turns the learning process into a real pleasure, not only for students in natural products chemistry but also experienced professionals.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface xi
• Acknowledgments xiii
• List of Abbreviations xv
• 1 Introduction 1
• 1.1 Why Study Organometallic Chemistry? 1
• 1.2 Coordination Chemistry 3
• 1.3 Werner Complexes 3
• 1.4 The Trans Effect 7
• 1.5 Soft Versus Hard Ligands 9
• 1.6 The Crystal Field 10
• 1.7 The Ligand Field 17
• 1.8 Two-Electron Three-Center Bonding 19
• 1.9 Four-Electron Three-Center Bonding 20
• 1.10 Back Bonding 22
• 1.11 Trends in d Orbital Energies 26
• 1.12 Types of Ligand 27
• References 32
• Problems 33
• 2 Making Sense of Organometallics 35
• 2.1 The 18-Electron Rule 35
• 2.2 Limitations of the 18-Electron Rule 43
• 2.3 Electron Counting in Reactions 45
• 2.4 The Oxidation State Concept and its Limitations 46
• 2.5 Electroneutrality 52
• 2.6 Coordination Number and Geometry 53
• 2.7 Effects of Complexation 56
• 2.8 Differences between Metals 58
• References 62
• Problems 63
• 3 Alkyls and Hydrides 65
• 3.1 Alkyls and Aryls 65
• 3.2 Other -Bonded Ligands 79
• 3.3 Metal Hydrides 80
• 3.4 Sigma Complexes 83
• 3.5 Bond Strengths 86
• References 88
• Problems 89
• 4 Ligand Substitution 91
• 4.1 Metal Carbonyls 91
• 4.2 Phosphines 100
• 4.3 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes 103
• 4.4 Dissociative Substitution 105
• 4.5 Associative Substitution 109
• 4.6 Redox Effects and Interchange Substitution 111
• 4.7 Photochemical Substitution 113
• 4.8 Counterions and Solvents in Substitution 115
• References 116
• Problems 118
• 5 Pi Complexes 121
• 5.1 Alkene and Alkyne Complexes 121
• 5.2 Allyl Complexes 126
• 5.3 Diene Complexes 130
• 5.4 Cyclopentadienyl Complexes 133
• 5.5 Arenes and Other Alicyclic Ligands 140
• 5.6 Metalacycles 143
• 5.7 Stability of Polyene and Polyenyl Complexes 144
• References 145
• Problems 145
• 6 Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination 147
• 6.1 Introduction 147
• 6.2 Concerted Additions 149
• 6.3 SN2 Pathways 152
• 6.4 Radical Mechanisms 153
• 6.5 Ionic Mechanisms 155
• 6.6 Reductive Elimination 156
• 6.7 Sigma Bond Metathesis 162
• 6.8 Ligand-Assisted 1,2-Additions and Eliminations 163
• 6.9 Oxidative Coupling 164
• 6.10 Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer 165
• References 166
• Problems 167
• 7 Insertion and Elimination 169
• 7.1 Introduction 169
• 7.2 1,1-Insertion 171
• 7.3 1,2-Insertion 175
• 7.4 Outer Sphere Insertions 179
• 7.5 -, ss-, - and -Elimination 180
• References 182
• Problems 182
• 8 Addition and Abstraction 185
• 8.1 Introduction 185
• 8.2 Nucleophilic Addition to CO 187
• 8.3 Nucleophilic Addition to Polyenes and Polyenyls 189
• 8.4 Nucleophilic Abstraction 196
• 8.5 Electrophilic Addition and Abstraction 197
• 8.6 Single-Electron Transfer and Radical Reactions 200
• References 201
• Problems 202
• 9 Homogeneous Catalysis 205
• 9.1 Catalytic Cycles 205
• 9.2 Alkene Isomerization 211
• 9.3 Hydrogenation 213
• 9.4 Alkene Hydroformylation 221
• 9.5 Alkene Hydrocyanation 223
• 9.6 Alkene Hydrosilylation 224
• 9.7 Coupling Reactions 225
• 9.8 Organometallic Oxidation Catalysis 227
• 9.9 Electrocatalysis 229
• 9.10 Photoredox Catalysis 229
• 9.11 Surface Supported Single-Atom and Cooperative Catalysis 231
• References 233
• Problems 235
• 10 Physical Methods 239
• 10.1 Mechanism 239
• 10.2 1H NMR Spectroscopy 240
• 10.3 13C NMR Spectroscopy 243
• 10.4 31P NMR Spectroscopy 244
• 10.5 Dynamic NMR 246
• 10.6 Spin Saturation Transfer 249
• 10.7 T1 and the Nuclear Overhauser Effect 250
• 10.8 IR Spectroscopy 254
• 10.9 Crystallography 256
• 10.10 Electrochemistry and EPR 257
• 10.11 Computation 259
• 10.12 Other Methods 260
• References 262
• Problems 263
• 11 M-L Multiple Bonds 265
• 11.1 Carbenes 265
• 11.2 Schrock Carbenes 272
• 11.3 Carbynes 276
• 11.4 Bridging Carbenes and Carbynes 278
• 11.5 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes 279
• 11.6 Multiple Bonds to Heteroatoms 282
• References 285
• Problems 286
• 12 Metathesis Polymerization and Bond Activation 289
• 12.1 Alkene Metathesis 289
• 12.2 Alkene Dimerization, Oligomerization, and Polymerization 295
• 12.3 Activation of CO and CO2 301
• 12.4 C H Activation 305
• 12.5 Dehydrogenative Oxidation and Hydrogen Borrowing 309
• References 311
• Problems 313
• 13 Green Energy and Materials Applications 317
• 13.1 Green Chemistry 317
• 13.2 Energy Chemistry 320
• 13.3 Clusters and Nanoparticles 323
• 13.4 Organometallic Materials 325
• References 332
• Problems 334
• 14 Organic Applications 337
• 14.1 Carbon-Carbon and Carbon-Heteroatom Coupling 338
• 14.2 Metathesis 343
• 14.3 Cyclopropanation and C-H Insertion 345
• 14.4 Hydrogenation 346
• 14.5 Carbonylation 348
• 14.6 Oxidation 350
• 14.7 C-H Activation 352
• 14.8 Click Chemistry and Cycloaddition 355
• 14.9 Photoredox Catalysis 356
• References 359
• Problems 360
• 15 Paramagnetic and High-Oxidation-State Complexes 363
• 15.1 Magnetism and Spin States 364
• 15.2 Cyclopentadienyl Complexes 371
• 15.3 f-Block Complexes 373
• References 380
• Problems 381
• 16 Bioorganometallic Chemistry 383
• 16.1 Introduction 384
• 16.2 Coenzyme B12 388
• 16.3 Nitrogen Fixation 394
• 16.4 Nickel Enzymes 402
• 16.5 Artificial Enzymes 407
• 16.6 Biomedical and Biocatalytic Applications 407
• References 410
• Problems 412
• Appendix A: Useful Texts on Allied Topics 415
• Appendix B: Major Reaction Types 419
• Solutions to Problems 421
• Index 437.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Provides vital information on organometallic compounds, their preparation, and use in synthesis, and explores the fundamentals of the field and its modern applications Fully updated and expanded to reflect recent advances, the new, seventh edition of this bestselling text presents students and professional chemists with a comprehensive introduction to the principles and general properties of organometallic compounds, as well as including practical information on reaction mechanisms and detailed descriptions of contemporary applications. Increased focus is given to organic synthesis applications, nanoparticle science, and green chemistry. This edition features up-to-date examples of fundamental reaction steps and greater emphasis on key topics like oxidation catalysis, CH functionalization, nanoclusters and nanoparticles, and green chemistry. New coverage is added for computational chemistry, energy production, and biochemical aspects of organometallic chemistry. The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, Seventh Edition provides new/enhanced chapter coverage of ligand-assisted additions and eliminations; proton-coupled electron transfer; surface, supported, and cooperative catalysis; green, energy, and materials applications; and photoredox catalysis. It covers coordination chemistry; alkyls and hydrides; Pi-complexes; and oxidative addition and reductive elimination. The book also features sections on insertion and elimination; spectroscopy; metathesis polymerization and bond activation; and more. Provides an excellent foundation of the fundamentals of organometallic chemistry Includes end-of-chapter problems and their solutions Expands and includes up-to-date examples of fundamental reaction steps and focuses on important topics such as oxidation catalysis, CH functionalization, nanoparticles, and green chemistry Features all new coverage for computational chemistry, energy production, and biochemical aspects of organometallic chemistry The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, Seventh Edition is an insightful book that will appeal to all advanced undergraduate and graduate students in organic chemistry, organometallic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and bioinorganic chemistry, as well as any practicing chemist in those fields.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Pharmaceutical Solids
• What Defines a Crystal?
• Symmetry in Crystals
• Space Groups
• Planes and Crystal Morphology
• Crystal Structures and Diffraction Patterns
• Symmetry in Diffraction Patterns
• Single-crystal X-ray Diffraction (Part 1)
• Single-crystal X-ray Diffraction (Part 2)
• Powder X-ray Diffraction
• Solving X-ray Crystal Structures
• Refining X-ray Crystal Structures
• Disorder and Twinning
• Crystallographic Results.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The pharmaceutical industry has become acutely aware of the importance of the solid state, but pharmaceutical scientists often lack specific training in topics related to solid-state structure and crystallography. This book provides needed support in this topical area. Taking an intuitive and informal approach to solid-state structure and crystallographic concepts, this book is written for anyone who needs a clear understanding of modern crystallography, with specific reference to small-molecule pharmaceutical solids. The author describes molecular crystals and crystal structures, symmetry, space groups, single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction techniques and the analysis and interpretation of crystallographic data. Useful technical details are presented where necessary and case studies from the pharmaceutical literature put theory into a practical context. Written by an internationally leading figure and with its focus on molecular crystals, this book is equally applicable to chemists with a need to understand and apply X-ray crystal-structure determination.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Photocatalysis: The Principles
• 3 Practical Aspects of Photocatalysis
• 4 Photocatalytic Oxidative C-C Bond Formation
• 5 Decarboxylative Coupling Reactions
• 6 Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer
• 7 Organocatalysis with Amines in Photocatalysis
• 8 Copper-Based Photocatalysts for Visible-Light-Mediated Organic Transformations
• 9 Gold in Photocatalysis
• 10 Palladium in Photocatalysis
• 11 Nickel in Photocatalysis
• 12 Acridinium Dyes and Quinones in Photocatalysis
• 13 Flavins in Photocatalysis
• 14 Organic Dyes in Photocatalytic Reductive C-H Arylations
• 15 Silicates in Photocatalysis
• 16 Photocatalytic Cycloadditions
• 17 Photocatalytic Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formation
• 18 Photocatalytic Introduction of Fluorinated Groups
• 19 Heterogeneous Photocatalysis in Organic Synthesis
• 20 Photocatalysis in the Pharmaceutical Industry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The field of photocatalysis has developed rapidly over the last decade and it is time to clarify its impact on organic synthesis. This volume is an opportunity to provide the defining and current reference work for this field. A primary objective is to collect together the most useful, practical, and reliable methods for photocatalysis and to introduce them to a larger audience. The fundamental concepts of photophysics are introduduced and laboratory set-ups are described, enabling newcomers to the field to instantly apply these new tools in synthesis. Rather than aiming for comprehensive coverage, solutions for challenging transformations in synthesis applying visible light and suitable dyes are presented. A team of pioneers and leaders in the field has been assembled, who discuss both the practical and conceptual aspects of this rapidly growing field. Scope, limitations, and mechanism of the reactions are covered and key experimental procedures are included.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Chapter 15, Computational chemistry, was contributed by Warren Hehre, CEO, Wavefunction, Inc. Chapter 17, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, was contributed by Alex Angerhofer, University of Florida.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• INTRODUCTION THE POTENTIALS OF PHASES FUNDAMENTAL MEASUREMENTS IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY ELECTRODE KINETICS: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS SINGLE-STEP ELECTRODE REACTIONS MULTI-STEP ELECTRODE REACTIONS SOME SPECIFIC EXAMPLES THE IONIC DOUBLE-LAYER CAPACITANCE Cdl ELECTROCAPILLARITY NANOTECHNOLOGY AND ELECTROCATALYSIS INTERMEDIATES IN ELECTRODE REACTIONS UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION AND SINGLE-CRYSTAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY ELECTROSORPTION EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES: EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES (2) EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES (3) THE ELECTROCHEMICAL QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE CORROSION ELECTROPLATING ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE MATERIALS SCIENCE ELECTROCHEMICAL SCANNING MICROSCOPY.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This bestselling textbook on physical electrochemistry caters to the needs of advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of chemistry, materials engineering, mechanical engineering, and chemical engineering. It is unique in covering both the more fundamental, physical aspects as well as the application-oriented practical aspects in a balanced manner. In addition it serves as a self-study text for scientists in industry and research institutions working in related fields. The book can be divided into three parts: (i) the fundamentals of electrochemistry; (ii) the most important electrochemical measurement techniques; and (iii) applications of electrochemistry in materials science and engineering, nanoscience and nanotechnology, and industry. The second edition has been thoroughly revised, extended and updated to reflect the state-of-the-art in the field, for example, electrochemical printing, batteries, fuels cells, supercapacitors, and hydrogen storage.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1) The Drug Substance Solid-State and Polymorphism in the Context of Quality by Design and ICH Guidelines Q8 to Q12 2) Alternative Solid Forms: Salts 3) Alternative Solid Forms: Cocrystals 4) Thermodynamics of Polymorphism and Solvates 5) Could a Computer Predict Polymorphs for the Pharmaceutical Industry? 6) Hygroscopicity and Hydrates in Pharmaceutical Solids 7) The Amorphous State 8) Approaches to Form Screening 9) Nucleation 10) Crystallization Process Modeling 11) Crystallization Process Scale-Up, a Quality by Design (QbD) Perspective 12) Processing-Induced Phase Transformations and their Implications on Pharmaceutical Product Quality 13) Surfaces and Mechanical Properties of Molecular Crystals 14) Analytical Tools to Characterize Solid-State Forms 15) Industry Case Studies 16) Pharmaceutical Crystal Forms and Crystal Form Patents: Novelty and Obviousness.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

"Polymorphism in the Pharmaceutical Industry - Solid Form and Drug Development" highlights the relevance of polymorphism in modern pharmaceutical chemistry, with a focus on quality by design (QbD) concepts. It covers all important issues by way of case studies, ranging from properties and crystallization, via thermodynamics, analytics and theoretical modelling right up to patent issues. As such, the book underscores the importance of solid-state chemistry within chemical and pharmaceutical development. It emphasizes why solid-state issues are important, the approaches needed to avoid problems and the opportunities offered by solid-state properties. The authors include true polymorphs as well as solvates and hydrates, while providing information on physicochemical properties, crystallization thermodynamics, quantum-mechanical modelling, and up-scaling. Important analytical tools to characterize solid-state forms and to quantify mixtures are summarized, and case studies on solid-state development processes in industry are also provided. Written by acknowledged experts in the field, this is a high-quality reference for researchers, project managers and quality assurance managers in pharmaceutical, agrochemical and fine chemical companies as well as for academics and newcomers to organic solid-state chemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1) Protecting Groups at the Primary Position of Carbohydrates 2) Protecting Groups at the Secondary Position of Carbohydrates 3) Protecting Groups at the Anomeric Position of Carbohydrates 4) Strategies Towards Protection of 1
• ,2- and 1,3-Diols 5) Protection of the Amine Functionality in Amino-Glycosides 6) Protecting Group Strategies for Glycuronic Acids 7) Protecting Group Strategies for Sialic Acid Derivatives 8) Protecting Group Strategies for Cyclodextrins 9) Protecting Group Strategies towards Glycofuranoses 10) Protecting Group Strategies towards Sulfated Glycosaminoclycans 11) A Case Study of Protecting Groups for the Synthesis of a Vaccine Antigen 12) Application of Ionic Liquid and Fluorous Tags for Oligosaccharide Synthesis 13) Acyl Migrations in Carbohydrate Chemistry 14) Orthogonally Protected Monosaccharides and Industrial Applications in Solid Phase Synthesis 15) Industrial Scale Synthesis of Oligosaccharides through Modern Protecting Group Chemistry.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

A unique overview of the most important protecting group strategies in carbohydrate chemistry Protecting Groups: Strategies and Applications in Carbohydrate Chemistry provides a detailed account of key strategies and methodologies for the protection of carbohydrates. Divided into two parts, the first focuses on groups that are used best to protect a specific position on a carbohydrate. In the second part, specific carbohydrate residues or compounds are discussed in the context of a specific protecting group strategy used to reach the desired regioisomer. This important book: -Features chapters on protecting groups at the primary and secondary positions of carbohydrates -Describes protecting group strategies towards sialic acid derivatives, glycofuranoses, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, and cyclodextrins -Provides information on automated glycan assembly -Includes a chapter on the industrial scale synthesis of heparin analogs Written by a team of leaders in the field, Protecting Groups: Strategies and Applications in Carbohydrate Chemistry is an indispensable guide for academics and industrial researchers interested in carbohydrate and natural product synthesis, pharmaceutical chemistry, and biochemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Fantastic Metal Ions and How to Catch Them
• Rhubarb, an Emperor and the Butler's Pride
• Mining, Magnets and Making New Elements
• On Poisoning, Self-poisoning and the Euro
• Down to Earth Chemistry
• Chemicals from Trees and How the Pacific Yew Was Saved
• Molecules and Murderers - The Art of Detection and Measuring
• Metal Medications and Metals Versus Medicines
• Blood, Iron and Body Metals
• Vanishing Warships and Sugary Gold.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Pink warships that vanish at dusk, urinary maladies of an emperor, and a gold test for cocaine - behold the chemistry of metal ions as never before. In this book you will learn about the sarcophagus molecule, the Chen-Kao test, and how murderers can be caught blue-handed with the wonders of glowing luminol. You will also meet the hidden chemistry of metal ions in everyday life, from the clever modern devices that measure blood-sugar levels, to the leather on your shoes and chewing gum stuck to their soles. Expect to encounter a fair share of heroes and villains, real and fictional, scientist and layperson. Such characters include an ex-MI5 employee running a hospital ward in London amid falling German V1 rockets, a notorious racing cyclist, a proud butler and the lady who first proposed nuclear fission (it's not who you think it is). With engaging, humorous and intelligent prose, the reader will discover the fascinating back-stories of chemical discoveries and inventions where metal ions have played a major role.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC) provides a timely overview of SFC application areas which were unimaginable just a decade ago. This two-volume series opens with an overview of the history and expectant future of SFC and continues with recent applications in the pharmaceutical industry and other fascinating areas of science. SFC has found its place in the pharmaceutical industry with an increasing body of applications for chiral and achiral molecules in both the research and development phases of the drug discovery process. As illustrated in this two-volume series, the current interest in SFC extends well beyond the pharmaceutical industry. Chapters encompassing applications for polar and non-polar mixtures of importance are covering widely disparate areas in substance abuse, natural products including cannabinoids, bioactive lipids, flavor and fragrance. With its broad balance and coverage, this two-volume book constitutes a unique educational platform to students and scientists for many years to come. The major objective of this book editions is to inspire and stimulate readers to continue exploring the possibilities of exploiting supercritical fluids as a particular media for analysis, purifications and synthesis.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Prologue
• Silence
• Movement 1, Earth : carbon, the element of crystals
• Movement 2, Air : carbon, the element of cycles
• Movement 3, Fire : carbon, the element of stuff
• Movement 4, Water : carbon, the element of life
• Finale : earth, air, fire, and water.

Carbon is everywhere: in the paper of this book and the blood of our bodies. It's with us from beginning to end, present in our baby clothes and coffin alike. We live on a carbon planet, and we are carbon life. No other element is so central to our well-being; yet, when missing or misaligned, carbon atoms can also bring about disease and even death. At once ubiquitous and mysterious, carbon holds the answers to some of humanity's biggest questions. Where did Earth come from? What will ultimately become of it-and of us? With poetic storytelling, earth scientist Robert M. Hazen explores the universe to discover the past, present, and future of life's most essential element. We're not only "made of star stuff, " as Carl Sagan famously observed, but "Big Bang stuff, " too. Hazen reveals that carbon's grand symphony began with a frenzied prelude shortly after the dawn of creation, bringing new attention to the tiny number of Big Bang-created carbon atoms that often get overlooked. In minutes, violently colliding protons and neutrons improbably formed the first carbon atoms, which can still be found within our bodies. His book then unfolds in four movements, building momentum as he explores carbon as the element of Earth, Air, Fire, and Water. He visits the famed volcanic crater Solfatara di Pozzuoli near Naples, where venting carbon dioxide and other noxious fumes condense into beautiful crystals. He climbs the cliffs of the Scottish Highlands and delves deep into the precious-metal mines of Namibia, journeying toward Earth's mysterious core in search of undocumented carbon structures. Hazen often asks us to pause and consider carbon's role in climate change and what we can do about it, for our lives and this element are inextricably intertwined. With prose that sparkles like a diamond, Symphony in C tells the story of carbon, in which we all have a part.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1: Preamble Energy in Chemical Systems
• 2: Enthalpy and Thermochemistry
• 3: Entropy in Chemistry
• 4: Free Energy and Equilibrium
• 5: Phase Changes and Solutions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The renowned Oxford Chemistry Primers series, which provides focused introductions to a range of important topics in chemistry, has been refreshed and updated to suit the needs of today's students, lecturers, and postgraduate researchers. The rigorous, yet accessible, treatment of each subject area is ideal for those wanting a primer in a given topic to prepare them for more advanced study or research. Moreover, cutting-edge examples and applications throughout the texts show the relevance of the chemistry being described to current research and industry. This new edition of Thermodynamics of Chemical Processes is the only self-contained text to cover the thermodynamics of chemical processes at a level appropriate for undergraduates. Describing the basic principles which govern reactivity and phase equilibria in chemical systems, the text is written at the first year undergraduate level and contains a number of worked examples and problems to help students through this introductory material. It shows the application of the theory to disciplines such as biochemistry, materials science, environmental science, forensic and analytical sciences. This new edition places an emphasis on applying the principles and solving problems rather than on formal proof of theorems and detailed mathematical understanding. The ideas of enthalpy, internal energy and entropy are covered to lead into Gibbs free energy and how it can be used to correlate and predict the equilibrium position and properties of chemical reactions and multi-phase systems. Background mathematical ideas are introduced as needed, and the text includes material describing how the physicochemical principles can be applied to related areas such as materials science or biochemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface xi
• Part I Carbide, Alkylidyne, Alkylidene, Alkyl, and Alkane Compounds 1
• 1 Monocarbide Complexes 3
• 2 Terminal and Bridging Methylidyne (CH) and Other Alkylidyne Complexes 9
• 3 Terminal and Bridging Methylidene (CH2) and Other Alkylidene Complexes 13
• 4 Methyl Complexes 21
• 4.1 Neutral Monomeric Complexes 21
• 4.2 Cationic and Anionic Monomeric Complexes 29
• 4.3 Bridged Methyl Complexes 33
• 5 Methane and Other Alkane Complexes 37
• 6 Terminal and Bridged Ethyl Complexes 43
• 7 Propyl, Butyl, and Pentyl Complexes 49
• 8 Cycloalkyl and Cycloalkane Complexes 53
• 9 Saturated Heterometallacycle Complexes 55
• 10 Benzyl Complexes 59
• 11 Mixed Alkyl and Alkyl-Aryl Complexes 61
• 12 Surface Bound Alkyl, Alkane, and Alkyl-Metal Complexes 63
• 12.1 Metal Surfaces 63
• 12.2 Metalloid Surfaces 65
• 12.3 Inorganic Oxide Surfaces 66
• 13 Alkyl, Alkylidyne, and Alkylidene Complexes with Other Functional Groups 69
• 13.1 Hydrides 69
• 13.2 Halides and Mixed Halides and Hydrides 84
• 13.3 Pseudohalides 120
• 13.4 Carbonyl and Dinitrogen Complexes 135
• 13.5 Diazomethane (CH2N+=N ) and Related Complexes 139
• 13.6 Organic Isocyanides (Isonitriles, R?N C), Organic Nitriles (R?C N) and Iminoacyl Complexes 139
• 13.7 Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Disulfide Complexes 141
• 13.8 Aqua, Hydroxide, Oxide, Peroxide, and Oxyhalide Complexes 146
• 13.9 Hydrogen Sulfide, Mercaptide, Sulfide, and Disulfide Complexes 161
• 13.10 Alkoxide, Organoperoxide, Ether, and Alcohol Complexes 164
• 13.11 Alkylsulfide, Dialkylsulfide, and Methanethiol Complexes 171
• 13.12 Carboxylate, Thiocarboxylate, Dithiocarboxylate, and Xanthate Complexes 173
• 13.13 Formaldehyde, Formyl, Acetaldehyde, Acyl, and Related Complexes 180
• 13.14 Ketone, Ketenyl, and Related Complexes 187
• 13.15 ss?Diketonate and Related Complexes 190
• 13.16 Nitrogen Bases and Miscellaneous Lewis?Base and Chelating Ligands 195
• 14 Complexes with Metal-Metal Bonds 215
• 14.1 Homonuclear Bonds 215
• 14.2 Heteronuclear Bonds 219
• 15 Halogenated Alkyl Complexes 225
• 15.1 Main Group Elements 225
• 15.2 Transition and Actinide Elements 234
• Part I References 241
• Part II Noncyclic Carbon-Clusters and Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Compounds 299
• 16 Linear Carbon Cluster Complexes 301
• 16.1 C2 Complexes 301
• 16.2 C3 Complexes 304
• 16.3 C4 Complexes 304
• 16.4 C5 and Larger Complexes 305
• 17 Ethynyl, Ethyne, and Related Complexes 309
• 17.1 Main Group Elements 309
• 17.2 d and f Block Elements 319
• 18 Vinyl and Vinylidene Complexes 343
• 19 Ethene and Related Monoalkene Complexes 355
• 20 Allyl and Related Complexes 371
• 21 Allene and Related Complexes 387
• 22 Conjugated and Nonconjugated Diolefin and Related Complexes 391
• 22.1 Butadiene and Butatriene Complexes 391
• 22.2 Pentadiene Complexes 396
• 22.3 Hexadiene Complexes 398
• 22.4 Miscellaneous Olefin Complexes 399
• Part II References 403
• Part III Cyclic, Unsaturated Organometallic Compounds 427
• 23 Metal Complexes of Fullerenes and Other Nonlinear Carbon Clusters 429
• 24 Three?carbon Rings 433
• 25 Four?carbon Rings 435
• 26 Five?carbon Rings 441
• 26.1 Cyclopentene and Cyclopentyl Complexes 441
• 26.2 1,3?Cyclopentadiene, Cyclopentadienone, and Related Complexes 441
• 26.3 Anionic Cyclopentadienide Complexes 443
• 26.4 Covalent Cyclopentadienyl Complexes 446
• 27 Six?carbon Rings 547
• 27.1 Cyclohexene Complexes 547
• 27.2 Cyclohexadiene, Cyclohexadienyl, Oxocyclohexadienyl, and Quinone Complexes 547
• 27.3 Neutral, Cationic, and Anionic Phenyl Complexes 550
• 27.4 Phenyl Compounds with Other Functional Groups 559
• 27.5 Phenyl Complexes with Metal-Metal Bonds 585
• 27.6 Ring?Substituted Phenyl Complexes 588
• 27.7 Perhalogenated Phenyl Complexes 591
• 27.8 Benzene Ring Complexes 596
• 27.9 Ring?Substituted Benzene Complexes 608
• 27.10 Benzyne Complexes 611
• 28 Seven?carbon Rings 613
• 29 Eight?carbon Rings 615
• 30 Nine?carbon Rings 629
• 31 Ten?carbon Rings 631
• 32 Coupled Organic Ring Complexes 633
• 33 Fused Organic Ring Complexes 635
• 33.1 Pentalenyl Complexes 635
• 33.2 Indene and Indenyl Complexes 635
• 33.3 Fluorene and Fluorenyl Complexes 641
• 33.4 Indacenyl Complexes 641
• 33.5 Azulene Complexes 641
• 33.6 Naphthalene and Larger Fused Aromatic Ring Complexes 642
• 34 Miscellaneous Cyclic Olefin and Mixed Ring Complexes 643
• 35 Carboranes and Metallacarboranes 647
• 36 Five? and Six?membered Heterocyclic Rings and Their Metal Complexes 651
• 37 Unsaturated Metallacycle Rings with Four or More Atoms 657
• Part III References 661
• Index 709.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

A comprehensive compilation of the available experimental and theoretical vibrational data for organometallic compounds and its role in evaluating the structures, bonding, and properties of these key compounds This unique book offers a thorough review of the literature dealing with vibrational data obtained using various phases, including matrices, reported for organometallic compounds from infrared spectra, Raman spectra, and several other techniques. It is the only one that compiles the available experimental and theoretical vibrational data on these compounds, and which discusses the importance of this information and its role in evaluating structures, bonding, and other important properties. It also treats the use of DFT and other theoretical calculations to analyze the vibrational data and to predict properties associated with these compounds. The book also includes vibrational data for organic species that form on metal and other surfaces. Vibrational Spectra of Organometallics: Theoretical and Experimental Data offers complete coverage of: Carbide, Alkylidyne, Alkylidene, Alkyl, and Alkane Derivatives; Noncyclic Carbon Clusters and Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Derivatives; and Cyclic, Unsaturated Organometallic Derivatives. By summarizing work that has already been done on organometallic compounds, it serves as an important reference for those studying their vibrational spectra and will, in the end, lead to a clearer understanding of other research that needs to be done in order to help researchers determine new research directions. An important reference for those studying the vibrational spectra of organometallic compounds Gathers the existing experimental and theoretical vibrational data and discusses its significance in assessing structures, bonding, and other principle properties Includes DFT methods for the interpretation of spectra, which has been one of the major developments of the last two decades Vibrational Spectra of Organometallics: Theoretical and Experimental Data is an important reference for researchers and practitioners in the areas of inorganic, organometallic, organic, and surface chemistry who have an interest in using vibrational data to characterize the bonding, composition, reactions, and structures of organometallic compounds, and organic species that are formed on various surfaces.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• Chemists who work in industry. Dorothy Jean Wingfield Phillips
• Cherlynlavaughn Bradley
• Sharon Janel Barnes
• Sherrie Pietranico-Cole
• Chemists who work in academia. Etta C. Gravely
• Dr. Sondra Barber Akins
• Saundra Yancy McGuire
• Sharon L. Neal
• Chemists who are leaders in academia or organizations. Amanda Bryant-Friedrich
• Gilda A. Barabino
• Leyte Winfield
• La Trease E. Garrison
• Chemists who work for the national labs or other federal agencies. Patricia Carter Ives Sluby, D.H.L.
• Dianne Gates Anderson
• Allison Ann Aldridge
• Latonya Mitchell-Holmes
• Novella Bridges
• Life after tenure denial in academia : a success story
• Next steps.

This is the second of two books about African-American female chemists. The first book (African-American Women Chemists, 2011) focused on the early pioneers-women chemists from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Act. African American Women Chemists in the Modern Era focuses on contemporary women who have benefited from the Civil Rights Act and are now working as chemists or chemical engineers. This book was produced by taking the oral history of women who are leaders in their field and who wanted to tell the world how they suceeded. It features eighteen amazing women in this book and each of them has a claim to fame, despite hiding in plain sight. These women reveal the history of their lives from youth to adult. Overall, Jeannette Brown aims to inspire women and minorities to pursue careers in the sciences, as evidenced by the successful career paths of the women that came before them.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• PART 1: THERMODYNAMICS
• PART 2: STRUCTURE
• PART 3: CHANGE.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The exceptional quality of previous editions has been built upon to make the eleventh edition of Atkins' Physical Chemistry even more closely suited to the needs of both lecturers and students. Significant re-working of the text design makes this edition more readable for students, increasing the digestibility of the text whilst also forming a clean and effective mode of delivering the material which is more flexible for instructors to teach from. The expanded and redistributed maths support includes new 'Chemist's toolkits' which provide students with succinct reminders of mathematical concepts and techniques and the extensive learning support provided throughout the book includes new checklists of key concepts at the end of each topic, to reinforce the main take-home messages in each section. The coupling of the broad coverage of the subject with a structure and use of pedagogy that is even more innovative will ensure Atkins' Physical Chemistry remains the textbook of choice for studying physical chemistry. Online Resource Centre The Online Resource Centre to accompany Atkins' Physical Chemistry features: For registered adopters of the book: * Figures and tables from the book, in ready to download format * Tables of editable key equations * Instructor's Solutions Manual For students: * Web links to a range of additional physical chemistry resources on the internet * Group theory tables, available for downloading * Living graphs * Molecular modelling problems * Impact sections expanding on the 'Further Information' sections.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction and Aims of the Book
• Biocatalysis Basics and Principles
• Hydrolysis
• Reverse Hydrolysis: Reduction
• Oxidation
• C-X Bond Formation
• C-C Bond Formation, Miscellaneous Biocatalysts
• Biocatalytic Disconnections and Functional Group Interconversions
• Comparison of Different Biocatalytic Routes to Target Molecules
• Applications of Biocatalytic Retrosynthesis.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The application of biocatalysis in organic synthesis is rapidly gaining popularity amongst chemists. Compared to traditional synthetic methodologies biocatalysis offers a number of advantages in terms of enhanced selectivity (chemo-, regio-, stereo-), reduced environmental impact and lower cost of starting materials. Together these advantages can contribute to more sustainable manufacturing processes across a wide range of industries ranging from pharmaceuticals to biofuels. The biocatalytic toolbox has expanded significantly in the past five years and given the current rate of development of new engineered biocatalysts it is likely that the number of available biocatalysts will double in the next few years. This textbook gives a comprehensive overview of the current biocatalytic toolbox and also establishes new guidelines or rules for "biocatalytic retrosynthesis". Retrosynthesis is a well known and commonly used technique whereby organic chemists start with the structure of their target molecule and generate potential starting materials and intermediates through a series of retrosynthetic disconnections. These disconnections are then used to devise a forward synthesis, in this case using biocatalytic transformations in some of the key steps. Target molecules are disconnected with consideration for applying biocatalysts, as well as chemical reagents and chemocatalysts, in the forward synthesis direction. Using this textbook, students will be able to place biocatalysis within the context of other synthetic transformations that they have learned earlier in their studies. This additional awareness of biocatalysis will equip students for the modern world of organic synthesis where biocatalysts play an increasingly important role. In addition to guidelines for identifying where biocatalysts can be applied in organic synthesis, this textbook also provides examples of current applications of biocatalysis using worked examples and case studies. Tutorials enable the reader to practice disconnecting target molecules to find the `hidden' biocatalytic reactions which can be applied in the synthetic direction. The book contains a complete description of the current biocatalyst classes that are available for use and also suggests areas where new enzymes are likely to be developed in the next few years. This textbook is an essential resource for lecturers and students studying synthetic organic chemistry. It also serves as a handy reference for practicing chemists who wish to embed biocatalysis into their synthetic toolbox.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface Acknowledgments Author
• Chapter 1 Introduction to Polymers
• Chapter 2 Polymer Structure (Morphology)
• Chapter 3 Molecular Weight of Polymers
• Chapter 4 Polycondensation Polymers (Step-Reaction Polymerization)
• Chapter 5 Ionic Chain-Reaction and Complex Coordination Polymerization (Addition Polymerization)
• Chapter 6 Free Chain Polymerization (Addition Polymerization)
• Chapter 7 Copolymerization
• Chapter 8 Composites and Fillers
• Chapter 9 Naturally Occurring Polymers-Plants
• Chapter 10 Naturally Occurring Polymers-Animals
• Chapter 11 Organometallic and Inorganic-Organic Polymers
• Chapter 12 Inorganic Polymers
• Chapter 13 Testing and Spectrometric Characterization of Polymers
• Chapter 14 Rheology and Physical Tests
• Chapter 15 Additives
• Chapter 16 Reactions on Polymers
• Chapter 17 Synthesis of Reactants and Intermediates for Polymers
• Chapter 18 Polymer Technology
• Chapter 19 Selected Topics Appendix A: Symbols Appendix B: Structures of Common Polymers Appendix C: Mathematical Values and Units Appendix D: Comments on Health Appendix E: ISO 9000 and 14000 Appendix F: Electronic Education Websites Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Carraher's Polymer Chemistry, Tenth Edition integrates the core areas of polymer science. Along with updating of each chapter, newly added content reflects the growing applications in Biochemistry, Biomaterials, and Sustainable Industries. Providing a user-friendly approach to the world of polymeric materials, the book allows students to integrate their chemical knowledge and establish a connection between fundamental and applied chemical information. It contains all of the elements of an introductory text with synthesis, property, application, and characterization. Special sections in each chapter contain definitions, learning objectives, questions, case studies and additional reading.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Note continued:
• 12.3.3. Aerobic Hetaryl-Hetaryl Oxidative Cross Coupling / L.A. Perego / F. Bellina
• 12.4. Aerobic Oxidative Alkynylation of Arenes and Hetarenes / F. Bellina / L.A. Perego
• 12.4.1. Copper-Promoted Aerobic Oxidative Alkynylation of Arenes and Hetarenes / F. Bellina / L.A. Perego
• 12.4.1.1. Alkynylation of Perfluoroarenes / F. Bellina / L.A. Perego
• 12.4.1.2. Alkynylation of Hetarenes / L.A. Perego / F. Bellina
• 12.4.1.3. Copper-Promoted Alkynylation of Arenes and Hetarenes Using Directing Groups / F. Bellina / L.A. Perego
• 12.4.2. Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Alkynylation of Hetarenes / F. Bellina / L.A. Perego
• 12.4.2.1. Alkynylation of Azoles / F. Bellina / L.A. Perego

• Machine generated contents note:
• 2.1. Photocatalytic Oxidation / K. Muniz
• 2.1. Photocatalytic Oxidation / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.1. Triplet Oxygen Trapping of Photogenerated Radicals / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.1.1. Trapping of Monoradicals / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.1.1.1. Radical Addition to Alkenes To Generate Carbon Radicals / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.1.1.2. Hydrogen Abstraction To Generate Carbon Radicals / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.1.1.3. Deprotonation of Radical Cations To Generate Carbon Radicals / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.1.2. Trapping of Radical Cations / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.1.3. Trapping of Biradicals / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.2. Photochemical Superoxide Generation and Reactions / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.2.1. Aromatic Hydroxylation via Arylboronates / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.2.2. Benzylic Oxidation via Acridinium Photocatalysis / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.2.3. Benzylic Activation by Electron-Transfer-Initiated C-H Bond Cleavage and Radical Trapping with Superoxide / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.2.4. Benzylic Activation by Electron-Transfer-Initiated C-C Bond Cleavage and Radical Trapping with Superoxide / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.2.5. Benzylic Activation by Electron Transfer and Radical Cation Trapping with Superoxide / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.3. Photochemical Singlet Oxygen Generation and Reaction / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.3.1. Singlet Oxygen Ene Reactions / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.3.2. Singlet Oxygen [4+2]-Cycloaddition Reactions / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.3.3. Singlet Oxygen [2+2]-Cycloaddition Reactions / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.3.4. Singlet Oxygen Heteroatom Oxidation / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.1.4. Miscellaneous Photooxidation Processes / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.2. Catalytic Oxidations with Hypervalent Iodine / A.G. Griesbeck / M. Kleczka / S. Sillner
• 2.2. Catalytic Oxidations with Hypervalent Iodine / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1. Oxidation Reactions Using Iodoarenes as Precatalysts / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.1. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation Reactions / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.1.1. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.1.2. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Phenols / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.1.2.1. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Phenols without Cyclization / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.1.2.2. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Phenols with Cyclization / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.1.3. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkylarenes / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.1.4. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkenes and Alkynes / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.2. Iodine(V)-Catalyzed Oxidation Reactions / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.2.1. Iodine(V)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.2.1.1. 1-Hydroxy-1,2-benziodoxo1-3(1H)-one 1-Oxide Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.2.1.2. 2-Iodylbenzenesulfonic Acid Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.2.1.3. Iodylbenzene-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.2.2. Iodine(V)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Phenols / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.2.3. Iodine(V)-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkylarenes / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.2.1.3. Hypervalent Iodine Catalyzed Enantioselective Oxidation Reactions / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.3. Water as an Oxygen Source for Oxidation Reactions / T. Wirth / F.V. Singh
• 2.3. Water as an Oxygen Source for Oxidation Reactions / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / P. Farras
• 2.3.1. Preliminary Considerations / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / P. Farras
• 2.3.2. Case Studies on the Use of Water as an Oxygen Source / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / P. Farras
• 2.3.2.1. Organic Substrate Oxidation Reactions with Water and Light Using a Manganese Porphyrin Complex as Catalyst / F. Maseras / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / I. Funes-Ardoiz / P. Farras / R. Garrido-Barros
• 2.3.2.2. Photocatalytic Oxidation of Sulfides and Benzylic Alcohols Using Water, Oxoruthenium(IV)-Based Catalysts, and Bismuth Vanadate / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / P. Farras / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / A. Llobet
• 2.3.2.3. Oxidation of Alcohols to Carboxylic Acids Using Water as the Oxygen Source: A One-Pot Process with a Ruthenium Pincer Complex / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / P. Farras
• 2.3.3. Integral Photoelectrochemical Cells / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / P. Farras
• 2.3.4. Conclusions / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / P. Farras
• 2.4. Dehydrogenation / R. Garrido-Barros / I. Funes-Ardoiz / A. Llobet / C. Gimbert-Surinach / F. Maseras / P. Farras
• 2.4. Dehydrogenation / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.1. Transfer Dehydrogenation of Alcohols / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.2. Aerobic Dehydrogenation of Alcohols / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3. Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Alcohols and Amines / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.1. Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Alcohols / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.2. Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.2.1. Synthesis of Esters and Lactones / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.2.2. Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Alcohols Combined with Dehydrative Condensations / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.3. Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols and Amines / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.3.1. Synthesis of Carboxamides and !mines / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.3.2. Synthesis of Heterocycles / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.3.4. Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Amines / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.4. Dehydrogenation of Alkanes / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.4.1. Dehydrogenation of Hydrocarbons / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.4.4.2. Dehydrogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones as Functionalized Alkanes / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.5. Biomimetic Oxidation in Organic Synthesis / T. Ikariya / Y. Kayaki
• 2.5. Biomimetic Oxidation in Organic Synthesis / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.1. P450-like Oxidations and Related Reactions / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.1.1. Metalloporphyrins as C-H Oxidation Catalysts / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.1.2. Halide and Pseudohalide Transfer with Metalloporphyrins / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.2. Non-Heme Iron-Dependent Oxygenases as Models for Oxidation Catalysts / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.2.1. C-H Oxidations with Non-Heme Iron Complexes / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.2.2. Iron-Catalyzed syn-Dihydroxylation / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.2.3. Iron-Catalyzed Asymmetric cis-Dihydroxylation / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.2.4. Iron-Catalyzed Epoxidation / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.2.5. Iron-Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidation / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.3. Copper-Catalyzed Biomimetic Oxidations / L.

• Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.3.1. Selective Aliphatic C-H Oxidation with Dicopper Complexes / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.3.2. Galactose Oxidase Related Oxidations / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.3.2.1. Alcohol Oxidation with Copper Compounds and 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) and Related Radicals / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 2.5.3.3. ortho-Hydroxylation of Phenols with Tyrosinase Models / L. Vicens / M. Costas / M. Borrell
• 3. Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkanes To Give Esters or Amines / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.1. Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkanes to Esters Using Diazo Compounds / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.1.1. Seminal Studies in Carbene Transfer to C-H Bonds of Alkanes / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.1.2. Rhodium-Based Catalysts / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.1.3. Coinage-Metal-Based Catalysts / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.1.4. Catalysts Based on Other Metals / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.1.5. Methane and Gaseous Alkanes as Substrates / M.M. Diaz-Requejo / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez
• 3.1.6. Asymmetric Carbene Insertion from Diazo Compounds / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.2. Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkanes to Amines / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.2.1. Alkane Conversion into Amines by Nitrene Insertion / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.2.1.1. Cycloalkanes as Substrates / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo
• 3.2.1.1.1. Using Isolated Hypervalent Iodine(III) Sources / A. Caballero / P.J. Perez / M.M. Diaz-Requejo

Catalytic reductions are among the most used synthetic transformations, and the past 15 years have seen great progress in this field. Science of Synthesis: Catalytic Reduction in Organic Synthesis includes the latest developments, as well as selective coverage of more well-established methods. Both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic systems are covered, and enantioselective methodology is well represented. There is a focus on the use of metal nanoparticles, both in suspension as well as on solid supports. Furthermore, the advent of research on the conversion of renewable resources into fuels and chemicals has given a great impetus to the field, as deoxygenations are often the first step in the conversion of biomass and this can often be achieved using hydrogenation or hydrogenolysis reactions. Scope, limitations, and mechanism of the reactions are discussed and key experimental procedures are included.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book is focused on mathematical modelling of chemical kinetics. The authors present the classification of basic models of chemical kinetics, thermokinetics and macrokinetics, as well as their application for the most important chemical transformations, such as combustion and catalysis. Readers will find a detailed description and analysis of different mathematical instruments which can be applied for simulation of reaction dynamics.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• From the phenomenology of chemical reactions to the study of two body collisions.- A quantum approach to the two body problem.- Ab initio electronic structure for few body systems.- The treatment of few body reactions.- Complex reactive applications: a forward look to Open Science.- Appendices.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This graduate textbook, written by experienced lecturers, features the study and computation of efficient reactive processes. The text begins with the problem of determining the chemical reaction properties by first decomposing complex processes into their elementary components. Next, the problem of two colliding mass points is investigated and relationships between initial conditions and collision outcomes are discussed. The failure of classical approaches to match experimental information is discussed and a quantum formulation of the calculation of the properties of two colliding bodies is provided. The authors go onto describe how the formalism is extended to structured collision partners by discussing the methods used to compute the electronic structure of polyelectronic reactants and products and the formalism of atom diatom reactions. Additionally, the relationships between the features of the potential energy surface and the outcomes of the reactive dynamics, are discussed. Methods for computing quantum, classical, and semi-classical reactive probabilities based on the already discussed concepts and tools are also featured and the resulting main typical reactive behaviors are analyzed. Finally, the possibility of composing the computational tools and technologies needed to tackle more complex simulations as well as the various competences and distributed computing infrastructure needed for developing synergistic approaches to innovation are presented.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book enables the reader to learn, in a single volume, equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics as well as generalized forms of hydrodynamics for linear and nonlinear processes applied to various hydrodynamic flow processes - including chemical oscillation phenomena and pattern formations, shock wave phenomena, sound wave propagations, and Liesegang pattern formation, amongst others.Chemical Thermodynamics introduces advanced undergraduate students and graduate students to the fundamental ideas and notions of the first and second laws of thermodynamics by seamlessly combining equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics in a unicameral viewpoint based on the first and second law of thermodynamics. Part I of the book discusses equilibrium thermodynamics in historical deference, covering topics generally dealt with in traditional equilibrium thermodynamics. In Part II, the concept of entropy for reversible processes is extended and developed for thermodynamics of irreversible processes by using the concept of calortropy (heat evolution), so that the mathematical theory of macroscopic processes in matter, including a generalized form of hydrodynamics, is ensured to remain consistent with the thermodynamic laws.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Chemical Foundations. 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. 3. Stoichiometry. 4. Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry. 5. Gases. 6. Thermochemistry. 7. Atomic Structure and Periodicity. 8. Bonding: General Concepts. 9. Covalent Bonding: Orbitals. 10. Liquids and Solids. 11. Properties of Solutions. 12. Chemical Kinetics. 13. Chemical Equilibrium. 14. Acids and Bases. 15. Acid-Base Equilibria. 16. Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria. 17. Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy. 18. Electrochemistry. 19. The Nucleus: A Chemist's View. 20. The Representative Elements. 21. Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry. 22. Organic and Biological Molecules.
• Appendix 1. Mathematical Procedures. A1.1 Exponential Notation. A1.2 Logarithms. A1.3 Graphing Functions. A1.4 Solving Quadratic Equations. A1.5 Uncertainties in Measurements.
• Appendix 2. The Quantitative Kinetic Molecular Model.
• Appendix 3. Spectral Analysis.
• Appendix 4. Selected Thermodynamic Data.
• Appendix 5. Equilibrium Constants and Reduction Potentials. A5.1 Values of Ka for Some Common Monoprotic Acids. A5.2 Stepwise Dissociation Constants for Several Common Polyprotic Acids. A5.3 Values of Kb for Some Common Weak Bases. A5.4 Ksp Values at 25_C for Common Ionic Solids. A5.5 Standard Reduction Potentials at 25_C (298K) for Many Common Half-Reactions.
• Appendix 6. SI Units and Conversion Factors. Glossary. Answers to Selected Exercises.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Learn the skills you need to succeed in your chemistry course with CHEMISTRY, Tenth Edition. This trusted text has helped generations of students learn to "think like chemists" and develop problem-solving skills needed to master even the most challenging problems. Clear explanations and interactive examples help you build confidence for the exams, so that you can study to understand rather than simply memorize. Combined with the online resources and instant feedback in OWLv2, you'll be on your way to developing a deeper understanding of chemistry concepts and solving complex problems in all aspects of your life.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1 Portable Electronics: The Periodic Table in the Palm of Your Hand2 The Air We Breathe3 Radiation from the Sun4 Climate Change5 Energy from Combustion6 Energy from Alternative Sources7 Energy Storage8 Water Everywhere: A Most Precious Resource9 The World of Polymers and Plastics 10 Brewing and Chewing11 Nutrition12 Health and Medicine13 Genes and Life14 Who Killed Dr. Thompson? A Forensic MysteryAppendixes
• Appendix 1: Measure for Measure - Conversion Factors and Constants
• Appendix 2: The Power of Exponents
• Appendix 3: Clearing the Logjam
• Appendix 4: Answers to Your Turn Questions Not Answered in the Text
• Appendix 5: Answers to Selected End-of-Chapter Questions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Following in the tradition of the first eight editions, the goal of this successful, issues-based textbook, Chemistry in Context, is to establish chemical principles on a need-to-know basis for non-science majors, enabling them to learn chemistry in the context of their own lives and significant issues facing science and the world. The non-traditional approach of Chemistry in Context reflects today's technological issues and the chemistry principles within them. Global warming, alternate fuels, nutrition, and genetic engineering are examples of issues that are covered in Chemistry in Context.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 3. Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution 5. Thermochemistry 6. Electronic Structure of Atoms
• 7. Periodic Properties of the Elements 8. Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding
• 9. Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories 10. Gases 11. Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
• 12. Solids and Modern Materials 13. Properties of Solutions 14. Chemical Kinetics 15. Chemical Equilibrium 16. Acid-Base Equilibria
• 17. Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria 18. Chemistry of the Environment
• 19. Chemical Thermodynamics 20. Electrochemistry
• 21. Nuclear Chemistry 22. Chemistry of the Nonmetals 23. Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry 24. The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry
• Appendices Mathematical Operations Properties of Water Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15 K (25omicron C)
• Aqueous Equilibrium Constants
• Standard Reduction Potentials at 25omicron C Answers to Selected Exercises Answers to Give It Some Thought Answers to Go Figure Answer to Selected Practice Exercises Glossary Photo and Art Credits.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

For courses in two-semester general chemistry. Accurate, data-driven authorship with expanded interactivity leads to greater student engagement Unrivaled problem sets, notable scientific accuracy and currency, and remarkable clarity have made Chemistry: The Central Science the leading general chemistry text for more than a decade. Trusted, innovative, and calibrated, the text increases conceptual understanding and leads to greater student success in general chemistry by building on the expertise of the dynamic author team of leading researchers and award-winning teachers. In this new edition, the author team draws on the wealth of student data in Mastering(TM) Chemistry to identify where students struggle and strives to perfect the clarity and effectiveness of the text, the art, and the exercises while addressing student misconceptions and encouraging thinking about the practical, real-world use of chemistry. New levels of student interactivity and engagement are made possible through the enhanced eText 2.0 and Mastering Chemistry, providing seamlessly integrated videos and personalized learning throughout the course . Also available with Mastering Chemistry Mastering(TM) Chemistry is the leading online homework, tutorial, and engagement system, designed to improve results by engaging students with vetted content. The enhanced eText 2.0 and Mastering Chemistry work with the book to provide seamless and tightly integrated videos and other rich media and assessment throughout the course. Instructors can assign interactive media before class to engage students and ensure they arrive ready to learn. Students further master concepts through book-specific Mastering Chemistry assignments, which provide hints and answer-specific feedback that build problem-solving skills. With Learning Catalytics(TM) instructors can expand on key concepts and encourage student engagement during lecture through questions answered individually or in pairs and groups. Mastering Chemistry now provides students with the new General Chemistry Primer for remediation of chemistry and math skills needed in the general chemistry course. Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; Mastering(TM) Chemistry does not come packaged with this content. Students, if interested in purchasing this title with Mastering Chemistry , ask your instructor for the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and MyLab & Mastering, search for: 0134292812 / 9780134292816 Chemistry: The Central Science Plus Mastering Chemistry with eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of: *0134294165 / 9780134294162 Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Chemistry: The Central Science*0134414233 / 9780134414232 Chemistry: The Central Science Mastering Chemistry should only be purchased when required by an instructor.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1 Keys to the Study of Chemistry: Definitions, Units, and Problem-Solving2 The Components of Matter3 Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations4 The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions5 Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory 6 Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change 7 Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure 8 Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity 9 Models of Chemical Bonding 10 The Shapes of Molecules 11 Theories of Covalent Bonding 12 Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes 13 The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids Interchapter: A Perspective on the Properties of the Elements 14 Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements: Bonding, Structure, and Reactivity 15 Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon 16 Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions 17 Equilibrium: The Extent of Chemical Reactions18 Acid-Base Equilibria 19 Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems20 Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and the Reaction Direction21 Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work 22 The Elements in Nature and Industry23 The Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds 24 Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications Appendix A Common Mathematical Operations in ChemistryAppendix B Standard Thermodynamic Values for Selected Substances at 298 K Appendix C Equilibrium Constants at 298 K Appendix D Standard Electrode (Half-Cell) Potentials at 298 K.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change with Advanced Topics by Martin Silberberg and Patricia Amateis has been recognized in the general chemistry market as an unparalleled classic. The revision for the eighth edition focused on continued optimization of the text. To aid in this process, we were able to use data from literally thousands of student responses to questions in LearnSmart, the adaptive learning system that assesses student knowledge of course content. The data, such as average time spent answering each question and the percentage of students who correctly answered the question on the first attempt, revealed the learning objectives that students found particularly difficult, which we addressed by revising surrounding text or adding additional learning resources such as videos and slideshows. The text still contains unprecedented macroscopic-to-microscopic molecular illustrations, consistent step-by-step worked exercises in every chapter, and an extensive range of end-of-chapter problems, which provide engaging applications covering a wide variety of interests, including engineering, medicine, materials, and environmental studies. Changes have been made to the text and applications throughout to make them more succinct, to the artwork to make it more teachable and modern, and to the design to make it more simplistic and open.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Particles of matter: measurement and the tools of science
• Atoms, ions, and molecules: matter starts here
• Stoichiometry: mass, formulas, and reactions
• Reactions in solution: aqueous chemistry in nature
• Thermochemistry: energy changes in reactions
• Properties of gases: the air we breathe
• A quantum model of atoms: waves, particles, and periodic properties
• Chemical bonds: what makes a gas a greenhouse gas?
• Molecular geometry: shape determines function
• Intermolecular forces: the uniqueness of water
• Solutions: properties and behavior
• Solids: crystals, alloys, and polymers
• Chemical kinetics: reactions in the atmosphere
• Chemical equilibrium: how much product does a reaction really make?
• Acid-base equilibria: proton transfer in biological systems
• Additional aqueous equilibria: chemistry and the oceans
• Thermodynamics: spontaneous and nonspontaneous reactions and processes
• Electrochemistry: the quest for clean energy
• Nuclear chemistry: applications to energy and medicine
• Organic and biological molecules: the compounds of life
• The main group elements: life and the periodic table
• Transition metals: biological and medical applications

• Fundamentals of chirality
• Surface symmetry and structure
• Surface energy and surface stress
• Asymmetric adsorption on achiral substrates
• Asymmetric adsorption on chiral substrates
• Chiral amplification
• Asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis
• Optical consequences of surface chirality
• Magnetic consequences of surface chirality
• Chiral electronic states in two dimensions
• Postscript.

A comprehensive introduction to the fundamental aspects of surface chirality, covering both chemical and physical consequences Written by a leading expert in the field, Chirality at Solid Surfaces offers an introduction to the concept of chirality at surfaces, starting from the foundation of chirality in isolated molecules and bulk systems. Fundamental properties such as surface energy and surface stress are then linked to a universal systematization of surface structure and symmetry. The author includes key examples of surface chemistry and physics, such as the interplay between adsorbate and substrate chirality, amplification of chirality, chiral catalysis, and the influence of surface chirality upon optical and magnetic phenomena. The book also explores the chirality apparent in the electronic structure of graphene, topological insulators and half-metallic materials. This important reference: Provides an introduction to the fundamental concept of chirality Contains discussions of the chemical and physical consequences of surface chirality, including magnetic, electronic and optical properties in addition to molecular properties Offers an account of the most current research needed to support growth in the field Written for surface scientists, professionals in the field, academics, and students, Chirality at Solid Surfaces is an essential resource that contains an overview of the fundamentals of surface chirality and reviews both the chemical and physical consequences.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Low temperature chemistry in uniform supersonic flows
• Cold molecular collisions: quantum scattering calculations and their relevance in astrophysical applications
• Low energy scattering in crossed molecular beams
• Long-range interactions between ultracold atoms and molecules
• Interactions of Atoms and Molecules in Cold Chemistry
• Effects of External Magnetic Fields on Cold Molecular Collisions
• Role of resonances at ultracold temperatures
• Experiments with Large Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets
• Molecular impurities interacting with a many-particle environment: from ultracold gases to helium nanodroplets
• Cold ion chemistry
• Controlling a quantum gas of polar molecules in an optical lattice
• Ultracold collisions of molecules
• Coherent Control of Cold Collisions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Recent years have seen tremendous progress in research on cold and controlled molecular collisions, both in theory and in experiment. The advent of techniques to prepare cold and ultracold molecules and ions, to store them in optical lattices or in charged quasicristalline structures, and to use them in crossed or merged beam experiments have opened many new possibilities to study the most fundamental aspects of molecular interactions. At the same time, theoretical work has made progress in tackling these problems and accurately describing quantum effects in complex systems, and in proposing viable options to control chemical reactions at ultralow energies. Through tutorials on both the theoretical and experimental aspects of research in cold and ultracold molecular collisions, this book provides advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and researchers with the foundations needed to understand this exciting field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Computation and Computers in Chemistry
• Quantum Chemistry
• Quantum Chemical Methods
• Molecular Mechanics Methods
• Geometry Optimization
• Dynamics Methods
• Rate Constants and Equilibria
• Hybrid and Multi-Scale Methods
• Conclusions.

The powerful and versatile applications of computational chemistry are covered succinctly and clearly in this primer, making it an ideal introduction for those new to the field.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1 Multistep Continuous-Flow Processes for the Preparation of Heterocyclic Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.- 2 Photochemical Synthesis of Heterocycles: Merging Flow Processing and Metal-Catalyzed Visible Light Photoredox Transformations.- 3 Flow-Assisted Synthesis of Heterocycles via Multicomponent Reactions.- 4 Flow-Assisted Synthesis of Heterocycles at High Temperatures.- 5 Flow Chemistry Approaches Applied to the Synthesis of Saturated Heterocycles.- 6 Functionalization of Heteroarenes under Continuous Flow.- 7 Flow Chemistry as a Drug Discovery Tool: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective.- 8 Safe Use of Hazardous Chemicals in Flow.- 9 Industrial Approaches towards API Synthesis under Continuous-Flow Conditions.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume provides an overview of recent developments and scope in the use of flow chemistry in relevance to heterocyclic synthesis. The heterocyclic ring is the most prominent structural motif in the vast majority of natural products as well as pharmaceutical compounds since this facilitates tuneable interactions with the biological target besides conferring a degree of structural and metabolic stability. In recent times, flow chemistry has heralded a paradigm shift in organic synthesis as it offers several unique advantages over conventional methods like drastic acceleration of sluggish transformations, enhanced yields, cleaner reactions etc and is gradually gaining a lot of attention among organic chemist worldwide. Given the importance of heterocycles in natural products, medicinal chemistry and pharmaceuticals, this is a well warranted volume and complements the previous volume of Topics in Organometallic Chemistry `Organometallic Flow Chemistry'. This volume offers a versatile overview of the topic, besides discussing the recent progress in the flourishing area of flow chemistry in relevance to heterocyclic chemistry; it will also help researchers to better understand the chemistry behind these reactions. This in turn provides a platform for future innovations towards the designing of novel transformations under continuous flow. Thus, this volume will appeal to both the novices in this field as well as to experts in academia and industry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Photocatalyzed Formation of Heterocycles.- C-H activation via radical processes using photo-excited ketones.- Free Radicals in Heterocycle Functionalization.- Heteroatom-Centred Radicals for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds.- Metal-Mediated Oxidative Radical Processes for the Synthesis of Heterocycles.- Reductive Electron Transfer in the Synthesis of Heterocycles.- Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles via Imidoyl or Iminyl Radical Intermediates.- Radical cascades in the total synthesis of complex naturally occurring heterocycles.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume describes the recent developments in the free-radical mediated synthesis and elaboration of heterocycles. The first chapter, dealing with radical cascade processes illustrates the power and the beauty of radical chemistry with some striking examples of total synthesis of complex natural heterocycles. As organic chemists strive towards sustainability, radical chemistry has recently seen major advances and efforts in this direction, including C-H activation of arenes and unactivated alkyl groups. Photochemical activation, for a long time the preferred mode of activation in radical chemistry has also seen an unexpected revival with the advent of visible light metal- and organocatalyzed photoredox processes. A survey of these emerging areas is provided along with the concepts at the origin of these developments. The venerable Minisci reaction allows for direct access to functionalized heterocycles. This process has lately seen an interesting renaissance and is discussed in this volume. Addition of heteroatom-centered radicals onto unsaturated systems constitutes another powerful method to construct heterocycles. Examples of such a strategy are proposed along with the formation of various heterocycles relying on homolytic substitution at sulfur, phosphorus and selenium. Additionally free-radical functionalization of reactive functional groups including isonitriles, isothiocyanates and related unsaturated systems which offer a straightforward route towards useful aromatic and non-aromatic heterocycles are discussed. Finally, as metals are able to trigger single electron transfer both in reductive and oxidative modes this provides another possibility for the synthesis of heterocycles. Significant research efforts have focused on the use of samarium, copper and other metals to access a broad variety of heterocycles in a single pot process, starting from readily available raw material. Examples and mechanistic insights are discussed by experts in this area.
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• The Periodic Table Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Cesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Epilogue Glossary Chronology Further Reading Websites Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Newly updated throughout, and covering all 118 elements, this crystal-clear guide to the periodic table illuminates the basic concepts of chemistry as it traces the history and development of our knowledge of the material world. In this fascinating volume, Albert Stwertka makes complex ideas and terms easily understandable, drawing upon engaging historical anecdotes and everyday examples to clarify the text, which is complemented by numerous illustrations, many in full color. Since the third edition, six new elements have been officially named, including nihonium, moscovium, and tennessine. The fourth edition provides thorough coverage of these new developments and the latest discoveries, including updated versions of all 119 periodic tables found within the volume. Stwertka has brought the information about the elements in the third edition up-to-date, based on the most recent research. He discusses the newest applications of the elements in the fields of astronomy, aviation, and computer technology-from nanomedicine's use of platinum to battle cancer to the role of lithium in powering Tesla cars. Bringing the periodic table into the 21st century, this engrossing guide to the elements will fascinate everyone curious about the basic building blocks of the material world.
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• The Synthesis and Solution Stability of Alkoxide Precursors.- Reactions of Alkoxides toward Nanostructured or Multi-Component Oxide Films.- Sol-gel Processing of Thin Films with Metal salts.- Chemistry and Applications of Polymeric Gel Precursors Aqueous Precursors.- Sol-Gel Formation of Bulk Glasses.- Sol-Gel Derived Powders and Bulk Ceramics.- Oxynitrides Glasses and Nitrides.- Oxycarbide Glasses and Carbides.- Sol-Gel Processing of Fluoride And Oxyfluoride Materials.- Sol-Gel Processing of Sulfide Materials.- Fundamental Issues on Sol-Gel Coatings: Stress Evolution, Cracking and Radiative Striations.- Ultrasonic Pulverization of an Aerosol: A Versatile Tool for the Deposition of Sol-Gel Thin Films.- Electrophoretic Sol-Gel Deposition.- Low Temperature Processing of Sol-Gel Thin Films in the SiO2-TiO2 Binary System.- Self-Standing Thick Films.- Synthesis of Ferroelectric Thin Films with Preferred Orientation.- Processing of Fibers.- Processing of Monodisperse Particles.- Entrapment of Organic Molecules.- Encapsulation of Enzymes, Antibodies and Bacteria.- Processing of High Performance Catalysts.- Macroporous Morphology Control by Phase Separation.- Formation of Ordered Mesoporous Thin Films through Templating.- Aerogel Processing.- Non-Hydrolytic Sol-Gel Technology.- Ultraviolet (UV) Irradiation.- History of the Sol-Gel Process.- Non-alkoxide and Colloidal Routes Borosilicate and Phosphosilicate Gels Chelating Processes and Pechini Processes Hybrid Aerogels.- X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction Study of Xerogels and Gel-Derived Glasses.- X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies on Materials Obtained by the Sol-Gel Route.- Atomic Scale Structure of Gel Materials by Solid State NMR.- Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials by Infrared Spectroscopy.- Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials by Raman and Brillouin Spectroscopy.- Surface Structure of Sol-Gel Derived Materials Using X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS).- Structural Characterization of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Materials.- Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering by Nanostructured Materials.- Porosity Measurement: Measurements of Gas Adsorption and Permeability of Sol-Gel Materials.- Specific Behavior of Sol-Gel Materials in Mercury Porosimetry: Collapse and Intrusion.- Viscosity and Spinnability of Gelling Solutions.- Thermal Conductivity of Silica Aerogels.- Mechanical Properties of Gels: From Alcogel and Aerogels to Glasses.- Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of Sol-Gel Coatings.- Mechanical Properties of Organic-Inorganic Hybrids.- Characterization of Sol-Gel Thin Film Waveguides Ellipsometry of Sol-Gel Films.- Active Sol-Gel Materials, Fluorescence Spectra and Lifetimes -.- Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Derived by Sol-Gel Technology.- Molecule-to-Particle Charge Transfer in Sol-Gel Materials.- Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties.- Atomic Force Microscopy applied to Sol-Gel Thin Films.- Thermal Analysis and Thermal Properties.- Multiscale Modelling of Gel Structure.- The Outline of Applications of the Sol-Gel Method.- Fabrication of Large Near Net Shapes of Fiber Optic Quality Silica.- Monolithic Porous Silica for High Speed HPLC -Hydrophobic Silica Aerogels.- Densification of Aerogels: From Optical Glasses to Nuclear Waste Confinement.- Sol-Gel Derived Oxide Powders as Precursors for Sintered Ceramics.- Sol-Gel Processed Membranes.- Silica Spherical Microparticles Applied as Spacers.- Sol-gel Abrasive Grains.- History, Precursor Properties and Microstructural Control -Sol-Gel Prepared Glass and Ceramic Fibers.- Sol-gel Processing for Spectral Hole-burning Materials.- Sol-Gel Processed Lasers.- Photonic Crystals Prepared by Using Sol-Gel Colored Coatings with Organic Dyes and Pigments Colored Coatings with Metal Colloids.- Sol-Gel Micropatterning Process.- Sol-Gel Prepared Reflective Coatings.- Sol-Gel Prepared Antireflective Coatings.- Sol-Gel Coatings Applied to Automotive Windows.- Application of Transparent and Antiglare Conducting Coatings.- Sol-Gel Coating of the Panel of Cathode Ray Tube for Improving the Quality of Display.- Sol-Gel Coatings for Electrochromic Devices.- Solar Cells Based on Sol Gel Films.- Sol-Gel Processing for Battery and Fuel Cell Applications.- Sol-gel Derived Silicate Based Composite Electrode.- Sol-gel Processed Photocatalytic Titania Films.- Coatings with Photocatalyst on Architectural Glass.- Sol-Gel Protective Coatings for Metals -Inorganic Coating Materials for Buildings.- Inorganic-Organic Polymers with Barrier Properties against Water Vapor,
• Oxygen and Migrating Monomers.- Sol-Gel Materials for Art Conservation.- Fullerene Nano-Composites Prepared via Soft-Chemistry Routes.- Catalysis and Reactivity with Sol-Gel Entrapped Organic and Organometallic Chemicals.- Inorganic-Organic Hybrids for Biomedical Applications.- Hybrid Sol/Gels for DNA Arrays and other Lab-on-a-Chip Applications.- Application of Sol-Gel Processing to Wood.- Inorganic Composites.- Controlled Drug Release Applications.- Sol-Gel Biosensors.- Graphene Incorporation in Sol-Gel Processing.- Hybrid Nanocomposites.- Carbon Capture and Storage in Aerogels.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This completely updated and expanded second edition stands as a comprehensive knowledgebase on both the fundamentals and applications of this important materials processing method. The diverse, international team of contributing authors of this reference clarify in extensive detail properties and applications of sol-gel science and technology as it pertains to the production of substances, active and non-active, including optical, electronic, chemical, sensor, bio- and structural materials. Essential to a wide range of manufacturing industries, the compilation divides into the three complementary sections: Sol-Gel Processing, devoted to general aspects of processing and recently developed materials such as organic-inorganic hybrids, photonic crystals, ferroelectric coatings, and photocatalysts; Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials and Products, presenting contributions that highlight the notion that useful materials are only produced when characterization is tied to processing, such as determination of structure by NMR, in-situ characterization of the sol-gel reaction process, determination of microstructure of oxide gels, characterization of porous structure of gels by the surface measurements, and characterization of organic-inorganic hybrid; and Applications of Sol-Gel Technology, covering applications such as the sol-gel method used in processing of bulk silica glasses, bulk porous gels prepared by sol-gel method, application of sol-gel method to fabrication of glass and ceramic fibers, reflective and antireflective coating films, application of sol-gel method to formation of photocatalytic coating films, and application of sol-gel method to bioactive coating films. The comprehensive scope and integrated treatment of topics make this reference volume ideal for R&D scientists and engineers across a wide range of disciplines and professional interests. .
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• Section 1: Theoretical Foundations of Intermolecular Interactions
• Bonds and Intermolecular Interactions - The Return of Cohesion to Chemistry
• Using Computational Quantum Chemistry as a Tool to Understand the Structure of Molecular Crystals and the Nature of their Intermolecular Interactions
• Bonding in Organic Molecules and Condensed Phases. The Role of Repulsions
• On Topological Atoms and Bonds
• Quantitative Determination of the Nature of Intermolecular Bonds by EDA Analysis
• Beyond QTAIM: NCI Indexes as a Tool to Reveal Intermolecular Bonds in Molecular Aggregates
• Section 2: Spectroscopic and Database Information
• Molecular Beam and Spectroscopic Techniques: Towards Fundamental Understanding of Intermolecular Interactions/Bonds
• Solid-state NMR Techniques for the Study of Intermolecular Interactions
• The Use of Databases in the Study of Intermolecular Interactions
• Section 3: Isolated Intermolecular Interactions
• Intermolecular Interactions in Crystals
• The Nature of the Hydrogen Bond, from a Theoretical Perspective
• The CH...p Hydrogen Bond
• Hydrogen Bonds and Halogen Bonds - A Comparative Study
• The Cation-p Interaction
• Intramolecular Beryllium Bonds. Further Insights into Resonance Assistance Phenomena
• On the Nature of Hydrogen-Hydrogen Bonding
• Long, Multicenter Bonds in Radical Anion p-dimers
• Section 4: Intermolecular Interactions in Crystals
• Revealing the Intermolecular Bonds in Molecular Crystals Through Charge Density Methods
• Noncovalent Interactions in Crystal Structures: Quantifying Cooperativity in Hydrogen and Halogen Bonds
• Crystal Engineering: State of the Art and Open Challenges.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The field of crystal engineering concerns the design and synthesis of molecular crystals with desired properties. This requires an in-depth understanding of the intermolecular interactions within crystal structures. This new book brings together the latest information and theories about intermolecular bonding, providing an introductory text for graduates. The book is divided into three parts. The first part covers the nature, physical meaning and methods for identification and analysis of intermolecular bonds. The second part explains the different types of bond known to occur in molecular crystals, with each chapter written by a specialist in that specific bond type. The final part discusses the cooperativity effects of different bond types present in one solid. This comprehensive textbook will provide a valuable resource for all students and researchers in the field of crystallography, materials science and supramolecular chemistry.
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• Introduction
• Life and times of a radiation biologist
• A brief history of radiation biology
• The birth of the DOE Low Dose Radiation Research Program
• Early observations and new technology
• Paradigm shifts in low dose radiation biology and application of data
• Biomarkers of radiation exposure and dose
• Mechanisms of action
• Modeling
• Taking a systems biology approach to risk
• Program communication and monitoring
• Current and potential impact on standards
• Applying lessons learned to future direction
• Epilogue.

Antone Brooks grew up close enough to Nevada Test Site nuclear detonations to see the sky light up, feel the shockwaves, and be exposed to radioactive fallout. His long scientific career--from early days trekking into the Uinta Mountains to hunt contaminated deer for tissue samples, to thousands of hours devoted to careful microscope work on chromosomal aberrations in animal studies--has been an increasingly sophisticated search for answers to questions these fallout exposures raised. How dangerous were they? Could they produce cancer? How afraid of low dose radiation should people be?

This book will appeal to both practitioners and researchers in industrial and university analytical laboratories, as well as students specializing in analytical spectroscopy and chemometrics. The subjects covered include the advanced principles of calibration (univariate and multivariate) and the estimation of the peak parameters in spectra with overlapping components. This book differs from existing studies on the subject in that it provides easily reproducible computer calculations illustrating its significant theoretical statements. As such, it can also serve as a practical guide to lecturers in analytical spectrometry and chemometrics.
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• Introduction
• Amber Charlebois, Renee Cole, Cecilia Marzabadi, Gail Webster, Kim Woznack
• "Safety Chapter"
• Megan Grunert
• The Best Job in the World
• Stacey F. Bent
• Equilibrium and Stress: Balancing One Marriage, a "Two-Body Problem, " and Three Children
• Stacey Lowery Bretz
• If at First You Don't Succeed, Don't Give Up on Your Dreams
• Pamela Ann McElroy Brown
• Invictus
• Amanda Bryant-Friedrich
• My Circus: Please Note That I Have No Formal Training in Juggling
• Amber Flynn Charlebois
• Planned Serendipity
• Renee Cole
• Readymade Family
• Mary Ann Crawford
• Mother and Community College Professor
• Elizabeth Dorland
• From Pre-med to U.S. Professor of the Year: My Personal Journey
• Amina K. El-Ashmawy
• Minha Vida e Minha Carreira e Minha Familia (My Life and My Career and My Family)
• Isabel C. Escobar
• Chemistry in the Family
• Cheryl B. Frech
• Are You Always This Enthusiastic?
• Jennifer Heemstra
• How Motherhood Shaped My Professorship
• Jani Ingram
• Upward Bound to a Ph.D. in Chemistry
• Judith Iriarte-Gross
• I'm.a.Gene- Destined for a Career in the Sciences
• Margaret I. Kanipes
• It Always Seems Impossible Until It Is Done
• Sunghee Lee
• On Breastfeeding, Supramolecular Chemistry, and Long Commutes: Life as an Assistant Professor, Wife, and Busy Mother of Three
• Mindy Levine
• The Window of Opportunity
• Nancy Levinger
• Pieces of a Puzzle
• Sherri Lovelace-Cameron
• Wanting It All
• Cecilia Marzabadi
• On Our Own Terms
• Sara Mason
• Family First, Extraordinary Career
• Saundra McGuire
• Family Matters: How Family Influenced my Career
• Jin Montclare
• Mother and Chemist: Every pitfall is an opportunity to rise with a new beginning
• Ingrid Montes-Gonzalez
• Taking an Unconventional Route?
• Janet Morrow
• The path to academia and motherhood: It takes a village
• Emily Niemeyer
• Elements to Successful Motherhood and the Professoriate
• Sherine O. Obare
• A Family Grows
• Patricia Redden
• Teacher to Scientist and Back Again
• Rachel Rigsby
• A Divinely Ordered Path
• Rena A. S. Robinson
• Raising three children across three continents
• Omowunmi Sadik
• Ebony and Women and Science....... Oh My!
• Darlene K. Taylor
• From the Periodic Table to the Dinner Table
• Danielle Tullman-Ercek
• The Bigger Picture: My Journey to a Purposeful Life and Career in Academia
• Idalis Villanueva
• Encounters of the Positive Kind
• Michelle Ward
• The Long and Winding Road
• Gail Hartmann Webster
• I Finally Know What I Want to Be When I Grow Up
• Catherine O. Welder
• Finding Rhythm
• Leyte Winfield
• My Not-So-Secret Double-Life as a Chemistry Professor and Mom
• Kimberly Woznack
• Remarkable, Delightful, Awesome: It Will Change Your Life, Not Overnight but Over Time
• Sherry Yennello.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

When is the "right" time? How can I meet the demands of a professorship whilst caring for a young family? Choosing to become a mother has a profound effect on the career path of women holding academic positions, especially in the physical sciences. Yet many women successfully manage to do both. In this second edition, which is a project of the Women Chemists Committee (WCC) of the American Chemical Society (ACS), 40 inspirational personal accounts describe the challenges and rewards of combining motherhood with an academic career in chemistry. The authors are all women at different stages of their career and from a range of institution types, in both tenure and non-tenure track positions. The authors include women from different racial and ethnic backgrounds, who became mothers at different stages of their career, and who have a variety of family structures. Aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of chemistry, as well as postdoctoral fellows and early career faculty, these contributions serve as examples for women considering a career in academia but worry about how this can be balanced with other important aspects of life. The authors describe how they overcame particular challenges, but also highlight aspects of the system, which could be improved to accommodate women academics, and particularly encourage more women to take on academic positions in the sciences.
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• Prologue Chapter 1 Structure and Bonding Chapter 2 Acids and Bases Chapter 3 Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups Chapter 4 Alkanes Chapter 5 Stereochemistry Chapter 6 Understanding Organic Reactions Chapter 7 Alkyl Halides and Nucleophilic Substitution Chapter 8 Alkyl Halides and Elimination Reactions Chapter 9 Alcohols, Ethers, and Related Compounds Chapter 10 Alkenes Chapter 11 Alkynes Chapter 12 Oxidation and Reduction Chapter 13 Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy Chapter 14 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Chapter 15 Radical Reactions Chapter 16 Conjugation, Resonance, and Dienes Chapter 17 Benzene and Aromatic Compounds Chapter 18 Reactions of Aromatic Compounds Chapter 19 Carboxylic Acids and the Acidity of the O-H Bond Chapter 20 Introduction to Carbonyl Chemistry: Organometallic Reagents
• Oxidation and Reduction Chapter 21 Aldehydes and Ketones-Nucleophilic Addition Chapter 22 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives-Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Chapter 23 Substitution Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds at the Carbon Chapter 24 Carbonyl Condensation Reactions Chapter 25 Amines Chapter 26 Amino Acids and Proteins Chapter 27 Carbohydrates Chapter 28 Lipids Chapter 29 Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions in Organic Synthesis Chapter 30 Pericyclic Reactions Chapter 31 Synthetic Polymers (Available online).
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Smith's Organic Chemistry with Biological Topics continues to breathe new life into the organic chemistry world. This new fifth edition retains its popular delivery of organic chemistry content in a student-friendly format. Janice Smith draws on her extensive teaching background to deliver organic chemistry in a way in which students learn: with limited use of text paragraphs, and through concisely written bulleted lists and highly detailed, well-labeled "teaching" illustrations. The fifth edition features a modernized look with updated chemical structures throughout. Because of the close relationship between chemistry and many biological phenomena, Organic Chemistry with Biological Topics presents an approach to traditional organic chemistry that incorporates the discussion of biological applications that are understood using the fundamentals of organic chemistry. See the New to Organic Chemistry with Biological Topics section for detailed content changes. Don't make your text decision without seeing Organic Chemistry, 5th edition by Janice Gorzynski Smith and Heidi Vollmer-Snarr! .
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The Organic Chemistry Literature. Abstracting and Other Current Awareness Services. Principal Electronic Dictionaries. Useful Reference Works and Review Series. Patents, Including Patent Awareness Services. Cheminformatics Companies. Primary Journals. Endnotes. Nomenclature Fundamentals . IUPAC Nomenclature. CAS Nomenclature. Types of Name. Constructing a Systematic Name. Nomenclature of Ring Systems. Ring Systems (General). Bridged Ring Systems. Spiro Compounds. Heterocyclic Ring Systems. Ring Assemblies. Ring Fusion Names. Nomenclature of Individual Classes of Compound. Carbohydrates. Alditols and Cyclitols. Amino Acids and Peptides. Natural Products (General). Steroids. Lipids. Carotenoids. Lignans. Nucleotides and Nucleosides. Tetrapyrroles. Organoboron Compounds. Organophosphorus (and Organoarsenic) Compounds. Azo and Azoxy Compounds. Labelled Compounds. Tautomeric Compounds. Acronyms and Miscellaneous Terms Used in Describing Organic Molecules. Abbreviations and Acronyms for Reagents and Protecting Groups in Organic Chemistry. Glossary of Miscellaneous Terms and Techniques Used in Nomenclature, Including Colloquial Terms. Stereochemistry. The Sequence Rule: R and S. Graphical and Textual Representations of Stereochemistry. Chiral Molecules with No Centres of Chirality. E and Z. The D, L-System. Descriptors and Terms Used in Stereochemistry. Graphical Representation of Organic Compounds. Zigzag Natta Projection. Stereochemistry. CAS Numbers, InChI, and Other Identifiers. CAS Registry Numbers. InChI. Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES). Molecular Formulae. The Hill System. Chemical Abstracts Conventions.Checking Molecular Formulae. Chemical Hazard Information for the Laboratory. Hazard and Risk Assessment. Physical and Reactive Chemical Hazards. Health Hazards. Handling and Storage of Chemicals. Hazardous Reaction Mixtures. Disposal of Chemicals. Solvents. Peroxide- Forming Chemicals. Further Literature Sources. Spectroscopy. Infrared Spectroscopy. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Mass Spectrometry. Introduction. Ionisation Techniques and Mass Spectrometer Systems. Interpreting Mass Spectra and Molecular Mass. Sample Introduction and Solvent Systems for Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. Common Adducts and Contaminants in Mass Spectra. MALDI Matrices. Fragment Ions and Neutral Losses. Natural Abundance and Isotopic Masses of Selected Isotopes and Nuclear Particles. Glossary of Abbreviations and Terms Commonly Used in Mass Spectrometry. Crystallography. Introduction. Definitions.Crystallographic Point Groups. Space Groups. Reciprocal Lattice. Examples of Organic Crystals. CIF Data Format. Bragg's Law and the X-Ray Spectrum. Crystal Specimen Preparation for X-Ray Analysis. Chromatographic Chiral Separation. Types of Molecular Interactions. Diastereomeric Compounds and Complexes. Chiral Mobile Phases. Chiral Stationary Phases. Laboratory Data and SI Units. Solvents. Buffer Solutions. Acid and Base Dissociation Constants. Resolving Agents. Freezing Mixtures. Materials Used for Heating Baths. Drying Agents. Pressure-Temperature Nomograph. SI Units. Languages. A German-English Dictionary. Russian and Greek Alphabets. SI Units. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The Organic Chemistry Literature Abstracting and Other Current Awareness Services Principal Electronic Dictionaries and Chemical Compound Databases Reference Works and Review Series Patent Literature on the Web
• Primary Journals Electronic Sources for Chemistry Journals Leading Publishers of Chemistry Journals and Chemical Information
• Nomenclature Fundamentals Introduction IUPAC Nomenclature General Principles of Nomenclature Chemical Abstracts (CAS) Nomenclature Types of Name Constructing a Systematic Name Azo and Azoxy Compounds Tautomeric Compounds Nomenclature Algorithms
• Nomenclature of Ring Systems Ring Systems (General) Bridged Ring Systems Heterocyclic Ring Systems Spiro Compounds Ring Assemblies Ring Fusion Names
• Stereochemistry The Sequence Rule: R and S Graphical and Textual Representations of Stereochemistry Chiral Molecules with No Centres of Chirality E and Z The d, l-System Descriptors and Terms Used in Stereochemistry
• Graphical Representation of Organic Compounds Zigzag Natta Projection Stereochemistry
• Structure and Nomenclature of Some Individual Classes of Compounds Carbohydrates Alditols and Cyclitols Amino Acids and Peptides Nucleotides and Nucleosides Steroids Lipids Organoboron Compounds Organophosphorus (and Organoarsenic) Compounds Labelled Compounds
• Infrared and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Infrared Spectroscopy Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Common Nuclei Used in NMR Chemical Shift Data Coupling Constants Modern NMR Techniques for Structural Elucidation of Small Molecules Determination of Structure by a Combination of IR and NMR
• Mass Spectrometry Introduction Ionisation Techniques and Mass Spectrometer Systems Interpreting Mass Spectra and Molecular Mass Sample Introduction and Solvent Systems for Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Common Adducts and Contaminants in Mass Spectra MALDI Matrices Fragment Ions and Neutral Losses Natural Abundance and Isotopic Masses of Selected Isotopes and Nuclear Particles Glossary of Abbreviations and Terms Commonly Used in Mass Spectrometry
• Crystallography Introduction Definitions Crystallographic Point Groups Space Groups Reciprocal Lattice Examples of Organic Crystals CIF Data Format Bragg's Law and the X-ray Spectrum Crystal Specimen Preparation for X-ray Analysis
• Chemical Hazard Information for the Laboratory Hazard and Risk Assessment Physical and Reactive Chemical Hazards Health Hazards of Chemicals Handling and Storage of Chemicals Hazardous Reaction Mixtures Disposal of Chemicals Solvents Peroxide-Forming Chemicals Reactive Inorganic Reagents Including Strong Acids and Bases COSHH Assessments for the Organic Chemistry Laboratory Further Literature Sources of Hazard Information
• Abbreviations and Acronyms for Reagents and Protecting Groups in Organic Chemistry
• Glossary of Miscellaneous Terms and Techniques Used in Nomenclature, Including Colloquial Terms
• Representation of Organic Compounds: Molecular Formulae, CAS Registry Numbers and Linear Notations Molecular Formulae CAS Registry Numbers InChI (TM) Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System
• Laboratory Data and SI Units Solvents Buffer Solutions Acid and Base Dissociation Constants Resolving Agents Freezing Mixtures Materials Used for Heating Baths Drying Agents Properties of Common Gases Pressure-Temperature Nomograph SI Units Further Reading on SI Units Websites
• Languages German-English Dictionary Russian and Greek Alphabets
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Launched in 1995 as a companion to the Dictionary of Organic Compounds, the Organic Chemist's Desk Reference has been essential reading for laboratory chemists who need a succinct guide to the 'nuts and bolts' of organic chemistry - the literature, nomenclature, stereochemistry, spectroscopy, hazard information, and laboratory data. This third edition reflects changes in the dissemination of chemical information, revisions to chemical nomenclature, and the adoption of new techniques in NMR spectroscopy, which have taken place since publication of the last edition in 2011. Organic chemistry embraces many other disciplines - from material sciences to molecular biology - whose practitioners will benefit from the comprehensive but concise information brought together in this book. Extensively revised and updated, this new edition contains the very latest data that chemists need access to for experimentation and research.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1. Introduction.-What is photochemistry. -Primary and secondary processes, quantum yields.-Photochemical kinetics. Unimolecular and bimolecular processes..-
• Chapter 2. Molecular states.-The time-dependent Schroedinger equation.-Molecular dynamics and the separation of variables.-The Born-Oppenheimer approximation and its breakdown: the nonadiabatic couplings.-The electrostatic approximation: spin and magnetic couplings.-Vibrational and rotational states.-Electronic states of polyatomics and photoreactivity.-Environmental effects.-Computational note: the determination of electronic excited states.-
• Chapter 3. Electronic excitation and decay.-Perturbation theory and the time evolution of molecular states.-Light absorption and emission.-Light pulses and the excitation to non-stationary states.-Beyond perturbation theory.-Decay to a continuum or quasi-continuum of states: Fermi's golden rule.-Computational note: transition matrix elements.-
• Chapter 4. Fast nonadiabatic dynamics.-Non-crossing rule and avoided crossings.-Diabatic states.-Landau-Zener rule.-Conical intersections and other surface crossings.-Computational note: methods for nonadiabatic dynamics.-
• Chapter 5. Charge and energy transfer.-Localization of charge and excitation.-Charge transfer: Marcus theory.-Excitation transfer: Foerster and Dexter mechanisms.-Excitonic coupling and antenna effect.-Spin changing processes.-Computational note: localization and couplings.-
• Chapter 6. Femtochemistry.-Time-resolved fluorescence.-Time-resolved differential absorption.-Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy.-Resonant Raman spectroscopy.-Computational note: the simulation of transient spectra.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This book offers an introduction to photochemistry for students with a minimal background in physical chemistry and molecular quantum mechanics. The focus is from a theoretical perspective and highlights excited state dynamics. The authors, experienced lecturers, describe the main concepts in photochemical and photophysical processes that are used as a basis to interpret classical steady-state experimental results (essentially product branching ratios and quantum yields) and the most advanced time-resolved techniques. A significant portion of the content is devoted to the computational techniques present in quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics.With its short summaries, questions and exercises, this book is aimed at graduate students, while its theoretical focus differentiates it from most introductory textbooks on photochemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction. Section I: MEASUREMENT BASICS. 2. Electrical Components and Circuits. 3. Operational Amplifiers in Chemical Instrumentation. 4. Digital Electronics and Computers. 5. Signals and Noise. Instrumental Analysis in Action: The Electronic Analytical Laboratory. Section II: ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY. 6. An Introduction to Spectrometric Methods. 7. Components of Optical Instruments. 8. An Introduction to Optical Atomic Spectrometry. 9. Atomic Absorption and Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry. 10. Atomic Emission Spectrometry. 11. Atomic Mass Spectrometry. 12. Atomic X-Ray Spectrometry. Instrumental Analysis in Action: Monitoring Mercury. Section III: MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY. 13. An Introduction to Ultraviolet-Visible Molecular Absorption Spectrometry. 14. Applications of Ultraviolet-Visible Molecular Absorption Spectrometry. 15. Molecular Luminescence Spectrometry. 16. An Introduction to Infrared Spectrometry. 17. Applications of Infrared Spectrometry. 18. Raman Spectroscopy. 19. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. 20. Molecular Mass Spectrometry. 21. Surface Characterization by Spectroscopy and Microscopy. Instrumental Analysis in Action: Assessing the Authenticity of the Vinland Map: Surface Analysis in the Service of History, Art, and Forensics. Section IV: ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. 22. An Introduction to Electroanalytical Chemistry. 23. Potentiometry. 24. Coulometry. 25. Voltammetry. Instrumental Analysis in Action: Measuring the Parts to Understand the Whole: The Microphysiometer. Section V: SEPARATION METHODS. 26. An Introduction to Chromatographic Separations. 27. Gas Chromatography. 28. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. 29. Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Extraction. 30. Capillary Electrophoresis, Electrochromatography, and Field-Flow Fractionation. Instrumental Analysis in Action: The Bisphenol A Controversy. Section VI: MISCELLANEOUS METHODS. 31. Thermal Methods. 32. Radiochemical Methods. 33. Automated Methods of Analysis. 34. Particle Size Determination. Instrumental Analysis in Action: The John F. Kennedy Assassination. Appendices.
• Appendix 1: Evaluation of Analytical Data.
• Appendix 2: Activity Coefficients.
• Appendix 3: Some Standard and Formal Electrode Potentials.
• Appendix 4: Compounds Recommended for the Preparation of Standard Solutions of Some Common Elements. Answers to Selected Problems. Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS is the standard for courses on the principles and applications of modern analytical instruments. In the 7th edition, authors Skoog, Holler, and Crouch infuse their popular text with updated techniques and new Instrumental Analysis in Action case studies. Updated material enhances the book's proven approach, which places an emphasis on the fundamental principles of operation for each type of instrument, its optimal area of application, its sensitivity, its precision, and its limitations. The text also introduces students to elementary analog and digital electronics, computers, and the treatment of analytical data. A companion website is available, providing students with tutorials on instrumental methods, Excel files of data analysis, and simulations of analytical techniques to help them visualize important concepts. Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) are provided for most references to the primary literature.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Supramolecular Protein Ligands - Unexplored Teritory Of Potential Pharmacological Activity.- Supramolecular Congo Red As Specific Ligand Of Antibodies Engaged In Immune Complex.- Protein Conditioning For Binding Congo Red And Other Supramolecular Ligands.- Metal Ions Introduced To Proteins By Supramolecular Ligands.- Possible Mechanism Of Amyloidogenesis Of V Domains.- Supramolecular Structures As Carrier Systems Enabling The Use Of Metal Ions In Antibacterial Therapy.- Congo Red Interactions With Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The subject of this book relates to protein ligands with particular structural and complexation properties. They are composed of self-assembled molecules, capable of penetrating as a unit into proteins outside the binding site. The ribbon-like supramolecular system only permits the penetration of self-assembled molecules into the protein-body and formation of stable complexes. Supramolecular Congo red and similar compounds fit these requirements. Destabilized protein fragments enable the penetration of such ligands, with susceptibility to supramolecular ligand binding often associated with protein function. As a result, complexation modifies their functional effects. The activity of enzymes is inhibited by arresting them in the complexed state, but "naturally irreversible" complexation as in the case of immune complexation, is enhanced instead. This property offers many attractive possibilities of using supramolecular ligands as described in this book. This book is an open access under a CC BY license.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction : Matter, energy, and measurement
• Atoms, molecules, and ions
• Chemical reactions and reaction stoichiometry
• Reactions in aqueous solutions
• Thermochemistry
• Electronic structure of atoms
• Periodic properties of the elements
• Basic concepts of chemical bonding
• Molecular geometry and bonding theories
• Gases
• Liquids and intermolecular forces
• Solids and modern materials
• Properties of solutions
• Chemical kinetics
• Chemical equilibria
• Additional aspects of aqueous equilibria
• Chemistry of the environment
• Chemical thermodynamics
• Electrochemistry
• Nuclear chemistry
• Chemistry of the nonmetals
• Transition metals and coordination chemistry
• The chemistry of life : Organic and biological chemistry

• 1 Introduction to Room-Temperature Catalysis 1 Eduardo J. Garcia-Suarez and Anders Riisager
• 1.1 Introduction 1
• 1.2 Room-Temperature Homogeneous Catalysts 2
• 1.2.1 Ionic-Liquid-Based Catalytic Systems at Room Temperature 2
• 1.2.2 Transition Metal Homogeneous Catalysts 6
• 1.2.2.1 Group 9-Based Homogeneous Catalysts (Co, Rh, Ir) 6
• 1.2.2.2 Group 10-Based Homogeneous Catalysts (Ni, Pd, Pt) 7
• 1.2.2.3 Group 11-Based Homogeneous Catalysts (Ag, Au) 10
• 1.3 Room-Temperature Heterogeneous Catalysts 10
• 1.3.1 Group 9-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts (Co, Rh, Ir) 11
• 1.3.2 Group 10-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts (Ni, Pd, Pt) 13
• 1.3.3 Group 11-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts (Cu, Pt, Au) 23
• 1.4 Conclusions and Perspectives 29
• References 31
• 2 Functionalized Ionic Liquid-based Catalytic Systems with Diversified Performance Enhancements 35 Shiguo Zhang and Yanlong Gu
• 2.1 Introduction 35
• 2.2 Functionalized ILs for Enhancing Catalytic Activity 36
• 2.3 Functionalized ILs for Improving Reaction Selectivity 38
• 2.4 Functionalized ILs for Facilitating Catalyst Recycling and Product Isolation 40
• 2.5 Functionalized ILs for Making Relay Catalysis 43
• 2.6 Cation and Anion Synergistic Catalysis in Ionic Liquids 45
• 2.7 Functionalized ILs for Aqueous Catalysis 46
• 2.8 Catalysis by Porous Poly-ILs 47
• 2.9 Functionalized IL-Based Carbon Material for Catalysis 49
• 2.10 Summary and Conclusions 54
• References 54
• 3 Heterogeneous Room Temperature Catalysis Nanomaterials 59 Liyu Chen and Yingwei Li
• 3.1 Introduction 59
• 3.2 Solid-Acid-Based Nanomaterials 60
• 3.3 Grafted-Metal-Ions-Based Nanomaterial 65
• 3.4 Metal NPs-Based Nanomaterial 67
• 3.4.1 Metal NPs Stabilized by Ligands 67
• 3.4.2 Metal NPs@Polymers 68
• 3.4.3 Metal NPs@Metal Oxides 70
• 3.4.4 Metal NPs@Carbonaceous Support 72
• 3.4.5 Metal NPs@Siliceous Base Support 74
• 3.4.6 Metal NPs@MOF Nanocomposites 77
• 3.5 Metal Oxide NPs-Based Nanomaterial 82
• 3.6 Summary and Conclusions 83
• References 84
• 4 Biocatalysis at Room Temperature 89 Ivaldo Itabaiana Jr and Rodrigo O. M. A. De Souza
• 4.1 Introduction 89
• 4.2 Transaminases 90
• 4.2.1 General Features 90
• 4.2.2 Transaminase Applications at Room Temperature 90
• 4.3 Hydrolases 98
• 4.3.1 General Features 98
• 4.3.2 Application of Hydrolases at Room Temperature 100
• 4.3.2.1 Lipases 100
• 4.3.2.2 Aldol Additions 101
• 4.3.2.3 Michael Addition 102
• 4.3.2.4 Mannich Reaction 102
• 4.3.2.5 C-Heteroatom and Heteroatom Heteroatom Bond Formations 103
• 4.3.2.6 Epoxidation 103
• 4.3.2.7 Synthesis of Heterocycles 104
• 4.3.2.8 Kinetic Resolutions 105
• 4.3.3 Cutinases 107
• 4.4 Laccases 108
• 4.4.1 General Features 108
• 4.4.2 Applications of Laccases 110
• 4.5 Enzymes in Ionic Liquids 115
• 4.5.1 General Features 115
• References 125
• 5 Room Temperature Catalysis Enabled by Light 135 Timothy Noel
• 5.1 Introduction 135
• 5.2 UV Photochemistry 136
• 5.3 Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis 139
• 5.4 Room Temperature Cross-Coupling Enabled by Light 141
• 5.5 Photochemistry and Microreactor Technology A Perfect Match? 144
• 5.6 The Use of Photochemistry in Material Science 146
• 5.7 Solar Fuels 149
• 5.8 Conclusion 151
• References 151
• 6 Mechanochemically Enhanced Organic Transformations 155 Davin Tan and Tomislav Fri cic
• 6.1 Introduction 155
• 6.2 Mechanochemical Techniques and Mechanisms: Neat versus Liquid-Assisted Grinding (LAG) 156
• 6.3 Oxidation and Reduction Using Mechanochemistry 160
• 6.3.1 Direct Oxidation of Organic Substrates Using Oxone 160
• 6.3.2 Mechanochemical Halogenations Aided by Oxone 162
• 6.3.3 Reduction Reactions by Mechanochemistry 163
• 6.4 Electrocyclic Reactions: Equilibrium and Templating in Mechanochemistry 165
• 6.4.1 The Diels Alder Reaction: Mechanochemical Equilibrium in Reversible C C Bond Formation 165
• 6.4.2 Photochemical [2+2] Cycloaddition during Grinding: Supramolecular Catalysis and Structure Templating 167
• 6.5 Recent Advances in Metal-CatalyzedMechanochemical Reactions 168
• 6.5.1 Copper-Catalyzed [2+3] Cycloaddition (Huisgen Coupling) 168
• 6.5.2 Olefin Metathesis by Ball Milling 169
• 6.5.3 Mechanochemical C H Bond Activation 170
• 6.5.4 Cyclopropanation of Alkenes Using Silver Foil as a Catalyst Source 171
• 6.6 New Frontiers in Organic Synthesis Enabled by Mechanochemistry 171
• 6.6.1 Synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) 172
• 6.6.2 Reactivity Enabled or Facilitated by Mechanochemistry 173
• 6.6.3 Trapping Unstable Reaction Intermediates 175
• 6.7 Conclusion and Outlook 176
• Acknowledgments 176
• References 176
• 7 Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling in Continuous Flow at Room andMild Temperature 183 Christophe Len
• 7.1 Introduction 183
• 7.2 Suzuki Cross-Coupling in Continuous Flow 184
• 7.3 Heck Cross-Coupling in Continuous Flow 192
• 7.4 Murahashi Cross-Coupling in Continuous Flow 199
• 7.5 Concluding Remarks 202
• References 202
• 8 Catalysis for Environmental Applications 207 Changseok Han, Endalkachew Sahle-Demessie, Afzal Shah, Saima Nawaz, Latif-ur-Rahman, Niall B.McGuinness, Suresh C. Pillai, Hyeok Choi, Dionysios, D. Dionysiou, andMallikarjuna N. Nadagouda
• 8.1 Introduction 207
• 8.2 Ferrate (FeO42 ) forWater Treatment 208
• 8.3 Magnetically Separable Ferrite forWater Treatment 209
• 8.3.1 Magnetic Nanoparticles 209
• 8.3.2 Magnetic Recovery of Materials Used forWater Treatment 211
• 8.3.3 Ferrite Photocatalyst forWater Treatment 212
• 8.4 UV, Solar, and Visible Light-Activated TiO2 Photocatalysts for Environmental Application 212
• 8.5 Catalysis for Remediation of Contaminated Groundwater and Soils 215
• 8.5.1 Catalytic Oxidative Pathways 215
• 8.5.2 Catalytic Reductive Pathways 217
• 8.5.3 Prospects and Limitations 218
• 8.6 Novel Catalysis for Environmental Applications 218
• 8.6.1 Graphene and Graphene Composites 219
• 8.6.2 Perovskites and Perovskites Composites 221
• 8.6.3 Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4) and g-C3N4 Composites 222
• 8.7 Summary and Conclusions 223
• Acknowledgments 224
• Disclaimer 224
• References 224
• 9 Future Development in Room-Temperature Catalysis and Challenges in the Twenty-first Century 231 Fannie P. Y. Lau, R. Luque, and Frank L. Y. Lam
• Case Study 1: Magnetic Pd Catalysts for Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation to Benzaldehyde 237 Yingying Li, Frank L.-Y. Lam, and Xijun Hu
• 1.1 Introduction 237
• 1.2 Pd/MagSBA Magnetic Catalyst for Selective Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation to Benzaldehyde 239
• 1.2.1 Results and Discussion 239
• 1.2.1.1 Characterization 239
• 1.2.1.2 Effect of Reaction Temperature 240
• 1.2.1.3 Effect of Pd Loading 241
• 1.2.1.4 Recycling Test 246
• 1.3 Summary and Conclusions 246
• References 247
• Case Study 2: Development of Hydrothermally Stable Functional Materials for Sustainable Conversion of Biomass to Furan Compounds 251 Amrita Chatterjee, Xijun Hu, and Frank L.-Y. Lam
• 2.1 Introduction 251
• 2.2 Metal Organic-Framework as a Potential Catalyst for Biomass Valorization 254
• 2.3 Xylose Dehydration to Furfural Using Metal Organic-Framework, MIL-101(Cr) 255
• 2.3.1 Xylose Dehydration Catalyzed by Organosilane Coated MIL-101(Cr) 255
• 2.3.2 Xylose to Furfural Transformation Catalyzed by Fly-Ash and MIL-101(Cr) Composite 258
• 2.3.3 Xylose to Furfural Transformation Catalyzed by Tin Phosphate and MIL-101(Cr) Composite 262
• 2.3.4 Role of Acid Sites, Textural Properties and Hydrothermal Stability of Catalyst in Xylose Dehydration Reaction 264
• 2.4 Conclusion 267
• References 268
• Index 273.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Highlighting sustainable catalytic processes in synthetic organic chemistry, this useful guide places special emphasis on catalytic reactions carried out at room temperature. It describes the fundamentals, summarizes key advances, and covers applications in the field of organic synthesis, biomass conversion, and pollution control. Throughout, the latest research from various disciplines is combined, such as homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, biocatalysis, and photocatalysis. The book concludes with a chapter on future trends and energy challenges for the latter half of the 21st century and two case studies. With its multidisciplinary approach this is an essential reference for academic and industrial researchers in catalysis science aiming to design more sustainable and energy-efficient processes.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

The power of electrochemical measurements in respect of thermodynamics, kinetics and analysis is widely recognised but the subject can be unpredictable to the novice even if they have a strong physical and chemical background, especially if they wish to pursue quantitative measurements. Accordingly, some significant experiments are perhaps wisely never attempted while the literature is sadly replete with flawed attempts at rigorous voltammetry.This textbook considers how to implement designing, explaining and interpreting experiments centered on various forms of voltammetry (cyclic, microelectrode, hydrodynamic, etc.). The reader is assumed to have knowledge of physical chemistry equivalent to Master's level but no exposure to electrochemistry in general, or voltammetry in particular. While the book is designed to stand alone, references to important research papers are given to provide an introductory entry into the literature.The third edition contains new material relating to electron transfer theory, experimental requirements, scanning electrochemical microscopy, adsorption, electroanalysis and nanoelectrochemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Analytical Applications of Ionic Liquids reviews the current research in analytic chemistry, covering subjects as diverse as separation science, chromatography, spectroscopy and analytical electrochemistry.As scientific developments have moved into the 21st century, they have increasingly had to take into account the effects on the environment, both locally and globally. Ionic liquids promise entirely new methods for solution chemistry which could improve the quality of measurements and eliminate the negative impact of waste on the environment. Because of this, the search for applications of ionic liquids is growing in every area of analytical chemistry. Here, material is presented by specialists, giving a critical overview of the current literature surrounding this increasingly prominent topic. Analysis is carried out on latest achievements and applications, followed by critical discussion of possible future developments.As well as stimulating further research among established analytical chemists, this book can also be used for undergraduate and graduate courses on chemistry and chemical technology.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Nanotechnology. Self-Organization of Nanoscale Structures by Epitaxial Deposition. Theoretical Bases of Non-Contact Measurements of Electromagnetic Parameters of Nanomaterials. Structure, Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Magnerot Nanoscale Drug. X-Ray Photoelectron Study of the Mechanism of the Functionalization of the Carbon Copper-Containing Nanostructure Surface with sp-Elements. Comparative Analysis of Elemental and Structural Composition of Nanocrystalline Tantalum Powders. Phase Transformations in Nanostructed Steel 08H15N5D2T at Heat. Formation of the Material Structure from the Nano-Sized TiO2 Powder during Sintering Process. The Development of a New Nanoscale Kit on Alumina Nanopowder-Based for Generator of Technetium-99M and the Study on Its Functional Suitability for Diagnosis in Oncology. Nano Structures by Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) Processes. Controlling Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers Structure Using Microscopic Model for Ideal Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Polymers. Assessment of Structural Condition of Amorphous Alloys Thin Surface Layers. Synthesis of Ultrafine Metal Oxide Particles in the Polymer Matrix of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene. Polyanilines: Two Cases Studies and Updates. Study of Heat Protection Polymer Materials Containing Silicon Carbide and Perlite. Method of the Increase of Thermostability of Filled Polymers. Insights in Modeling and Chemical Physics. The Particles' Dynamic Motion Modeling on a Centrifugal Shock Mill Blades. Condensation-Lingual Captivity Associated Oil Gas in Thin-Walled Pipes on Multiple Speeds. Study of Laminar Diffusion Combustion Models. Mathematical Modeling of Flow with Homogeneous Condensation. Simulation of Phase Transformations in the Fe-Cr Alloys at High Temperatures. The Mobility of Technogenic Arsenic in the Soils of Udmurtia under the Influence of Atmospheric Precipitation. Synthesis of Diamond Precursor MW CVD Method for Forming Diamond Films on Tungsten Carbide Material. The Influence of Non-Specific Binding of Antibodies on Forming of Analytical Response of Amperometric Immunosensor. Molecular Modeling of the 2-(Pyridin-2-yl)-1H-Benzimidazole Intramolecular Dynamics. NMR 13C Spectra of the 1,1,3-Trimethyl-3-(4-Methylphenyl) Butyl Hydroperoxide in Various Solvents: Molecular Modeling.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This new book focuses on nanomaterial development as well as investigations of combustion and explosion processes. It presents valuable information on the modeling of processes and on quantum chemical calculations and leading-edge research from around the world in this dynamic field, focusing on concepts above formal experimental techniques and theoretical methods of chemical physics for micro- and nanotechnologies. Also presented are non-linear kinetic appearances and their possible applications.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1 Biochemistry in the modern world PART I CELLS, ORGANISMS AND BIOMOLECULES
• Chapter 2 Cells and Organisms
• Chapter 3 Proteins
• Chapter 4 Nucleic acids
• Chapter 5 Lipids and biological membranes
• Chapter 6 Carbohydrates PART II ENERGY GENERATION AND METABOLISM
• Chapter 7 Enzymes
• Chapter 8 Energy generation: glycolysis
• Chapter 9 Energy generation: the TCA cycle and electron transport chain
• Chapter 10 Photosynthesis
• Chapter 11 Carbohydrate metabolism
• Chapter 12 Lipid metabolism
• Chapter 13 Nitrogen metabolism PART III STORAGE OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION AND SYNTHESIS OF PROTEINS
• Chapter 14 DNA replication and repair
• Chapter 15 RNA synthesis
• Chapter 16 Protein synthesis
• Chapter 17 Control of gene expression PART IV STUDYING BIOMOLECULES
• Chapter 18 Studying proteins, lipids and carbohydrates
• Chapter 19 Studying DNA and RNA.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Biochemistry is a major new textbook designed and created specifically for briefer courses in the subject. Written by Prof. Terry Brown of the University of Manchester (author of Genomes and Gene Cloning), the book provides the necessary detail and rigour expected for these courses, but without the extraneous material found in the larger textbooks. With an increasing number of students taking a short course in biochemistry there is a growing need for a book that covers the subject concisely and succinctly. Biochemistry has been designed from the outset for these shorter courses; it is not a cut-down version of one of the larger books that dominate the market. Although it is shorter, there is no compromise in content, style and coverage. The book is attractively designed in full colour throughout with all the pedagogical features expected in a major textbook. It covers what students should be expected to know and is written in the clear and accurate writing style for which Terry Brown is widely lauded. With its competitive price and resources for adopting lecturers (all of the illustrations and diagrams from the book, and answers to the end of chapter questions), Biochemistry will become the textbook of choice for any brief biochemistry course.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chapter 1. Introduction
• * Nomenclature, Structure, and Stability * Generation of Carbocations * The Non-Classical Ion Controversy * Electrophilic Addition to Alkenes * Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution * Elimination reactions * Rearrangement Reactions of Carbocations * References
• Chapter 2. Nucleophilic Aliphatic Substitution - SN1
• * Introduction *-Activated Alcohols-Bronsted Acids *-Activated Alcohols-Lewis Acids * Alkylation of Aldehydes and Ketones * Glycosylation * Friedel-Crafts Alkylation and Acylation * Electrophilic Fluorination Using Fluoronium Ion * Miscellaneous SN1-related Reactions * References
• Chapter 3. Nucleophilic Aliphatic Substitution - SN2
• * Construction of Quaternary Stereogenic Centers * Sulfur Chemistry * Organometallic Chemistry * Macrocyclization * Glycosylation * Nucleoside Analogues *N-Alkylation * Cyclotetraphosphazenes * Conformationally Locked Tetrahydropyran Ring * The Ionic Liquid Effect * Silver Chemistry * References Chapter 4. Electrophilic Addition to Alkenes
• * Introduction * Cyclopropanation * Hydroboration/Oxidation * The Pauson-Khand Reaction * Prins Reaction * Schmidt Reaction * Halogenation * Oxymercuration/Reduction * Epoxidation * Gold-Catalyzed Alkyne Hydration * Conclusion * References
• Chapter 5. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
• * Introduction * Nitration * Halogenation * Friedel-Crafts Alkylation * Friedel-Crafts Acylation * Applications of Friedel-Crafts Reaction on Total Synthesis * Miscellaneous Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions * References
• Chapter 6. Fragmentation and Rearrangement Reactions
• * Claisen Rearrangements * Cope Rearrangements * Cope Rearrangements * Aldehyde (or Ketone) Formation Rearrangements * Carboxylic Acid Formation Rearrangements * Alcohol Formation Rearrangements * Amine Formation Rearrangement * Amides * Hydrocarbon Rearrangements * Oxacyclic, Carbocyclic, Oxazoles, Tetrahydrapuran and Tetrahydropuran Formation Rearrangements * Rearrangements resulting in less common functional groups * Fragmentations * References.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Carbocation chemistry is not only fundamental to the advancement of organic chemistry, it also has found widespread applications in organic synthesis. It is not an exaggeration to say that carbocation chemistry is part of the foundation of organic chemistry. Carbocation Chemistry: Applications in Organic Synthesis provides a panoramic view of carbocation chemistry with an emphasis on synthetic applications. This book is an invaluable tool for organic, medicinal and analytical chemists, including those working in biochemistry as well as the petroleum, plastics and pharmaceutical industries. It is also suitable for upper level undergraduates and graduates in organic chemistry, biochemistry and medicinal chemistry.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Characterisation Methods in Inorganic Chemistry provides a fresh alternative to the existing theoretical and descriptive inorganic chemistry texts by adopting a techniques-based approach and providing problem-solving opportunities to show how analytical methods are used to help us characterise inorganic compounds. The text covers the full range of analytical techniques employed by inorganic chemists, emphasizing those in most frequent use: NMR, diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and IR. The additional coverage on other techniques allows readers to study these less widely used methods when relevant to their specific course material. Each chapter follows a clear, structured format, which begins with a brief introduction to the technique and basic theory behind it before moving on to data collection and analysis, typical data and interpretation, with numerous worked examples, self- tests and problems. Online Resource Centre For registered adopters of the book: - Figures and tables of data from the book, ready to download - Additional problems and exercises For students: - Answers to self-test questions - Additional problems and data sets.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Chemists and Chemistry. 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. 3. Stoichiometry. 4. Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry. 5. Gases. 6. Chemical Equilibrium. 7. Acids and Bases. 8. Applications of Aqueous Equilibria. 9. Energy, Enthalpy, and Thermochemistry. 10. Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy. 11. Electrochemistry. 12. Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Theory. 13. Bonding: General Concepts. 14. Covalent Bonding: Orbitals. 15. Chemical Kinetics. 16. Liquids and Solids. 17. Properties of Solutions. 18. The Representative Elements. 19. Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry. 20. The Nucleus: A Chemista (TM)s View. 21. Organic and Biochemical Molecules.
• Appendix 1. Mathematical Procedures.
• Appendix 2. Units of Measurement and Conversions Among Units.
• Appendix 3. Spectral Analysis.
• Appendix 4. Selected Thermodynamic Data.
• Appendix 5. Equilibrium Constants and Reduction Potentials.
• Appendix 6. Deriving the Integrated Rate Laws. Glossary. Answers to Selected Exercises.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Develop the qualitative, conceptual foundation you need to think like a chemist with CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES, 8e. Designed for students with solid mathematical preparation, this best-seller emphasizes models, everyday applications of chemistry, and a thoughtful, step-by-step problem-solving approach.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)