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• Foreword by Condoleezza Rice Preface by Scott W. Atlas Acknowledgments Introduction Part I. History and Background
• 1. Capitalism, Socialism, and Freedom by Peter Berkowitz
• 2. Political Freedom and Human Prosperity by Larry Diamond
• 3. Innovation, Not Manna from Heaven by Stephen Haber Part II. Comparative Outcomes of Capitalism and Socialism
• 4. Socialism, Capitalism, and Income by Edward P. Lazear
• 5. Environmental Markets versus Environmental Socialism: Capturing Prosperity and Environmental Quality by Terry L. Anderson
• 6. Leaving Socialism Behind: A Lesson from German History by Russell A. Berman
• 7. The China Model: Unexceptional Exceptionalism by Elizabeth Economy
• 8. How Freedom Is Caught between Socialism and Capitalism in the Indo-Pacific by Michael R. Auslin Part III. The Contemporary Revival of Socialism and Its Prospects
• 9. Capitalism, Socialism, and Nationalism: Lessons from History by Niall Ferguson
• 10. Socialism and the Constitution by Michael W. McConnell
• 11. Socialism versus the American Constitutional Structure: The Advantages of Decentralization and Federalism by John Yoo Part IV. Social Democracy and Current Policy Debates
• 12. The Effect of Economic Freedom on Labor Market Efficiency and Performance by Lee E. Ohanian
• 13. The Costs of Regulation and Centralization in Health Care by Scott W. Atlas, MD
• 14. The Economic Impact of a Universal Basic Income by John F. Cogan and Daniel L. Heil
• 15. Taxation, Individual Actions, and Economic Prosperity: A Review by Joshua Rauh and Gregory Kearney Part V. Afterword
• 16. In an Emerging New World, Choose Economic Freedom by George P. Shultz About the Contributors Index.
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Socialism or free-market capitalism: Which is better for achieving human prosperity? The debate is long-standing-but some of the results are in. Historians, economists, political scientists, and other leading scholars review the evidence from multiple perspectives, examining what it takes for a society to flourish and how well each economic and political system supports its promises.
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• Minutes of discussion at Mont Pelerin Conference, April 1st-10th
• Session 1 : welcoming address
• Session 2 : "free" enterprise and competitive order
• Session 3 : "free" enterprise and competitive order (continued)
• Session 4 : modern historiography and political education
• Session 5 : the future of Germany
• Session 6 : the future of Germany (continued)
• Session 7 : the problems and chances of European federation
• Session 8 : the problems and chances of European federation (continued)
• Session 9 : liberalism and Christianity
• Session 10 : discussion on agenda, etc.
• Session 11 : contra-cyclical measures, full employment, and monetary reform
• Session 12 : statement of aims
• Session 13 : wages and wage policy
• Session 14 : further discussion of statement of aims
• Session 15 : taxation, poverty, and income distribution
• Session 16 : agricultural policy
• Session 17 : Meeting on organisation
• Session 18 : the present political crisis
• Session 19 : the name of the society

Marking the 75th anniversary of the first meeting of the Mont Pelerin Society, in 1947, this volume presents for the first time the original transcripts from this landmark event. The society was created by Friedrich Hayek as a forum for leading economists and intellectuals to discuss and debate classical liberal values in the face of a rapidly changing world and political trends toward socialism. Bruce Caldwell, a major scholar of Hayek, provides an informative introduction and explanatory notes to the source documents, drawn from the Hoover Institution Library & Archives, where they have been available to scholars. Now accessible to all, the transcripts reveal what was said on a wide range of topics, including free markets, monetary reform, wage policy, taxation, agricultural policy, the future of Germany, Christianity and liberalism, and more. They provide insights into the thinking of men such as Hayek, Milton Friedman, Aaron Director, Frank Knight, Walter Eucken, Karl Popper, and other leading figures in the classical liberalism movement, illuminating not only their ideas but also their distinctive personalities. A photo section shows rarely seen images from the meeting.
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• Note to the Reader on Data Sources and Nomenclature List of Figures and Tables Acknowledgments Part I: Introduction
• 1. Uncharted Territory
• 2. The Big Picture of Global Population Growth Part II: Demographic Drivers
• 3. Declining Fertility
• 4. Increasing Life Expectancy
• 5. Increasing International Migration Part III: Key Demographic Challenges
• 6. Population Aging
• 7. Shrinking Workforces Part IV: Looking to the Future
• 8. The Shape of Things to Come
• 9. A Watch List Appendix: UN Classification of Countries and Areas About the Author Index of Figures by Country General Index.
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Demographic forces declining populations in many countries and surging populations in others, aging societies, and shrinking workforces have national, regional, and global reverberations. Behind many of today's news headlines lie critical challenges rooted in worldwide demographic upheaval, with important implications for our future. New Landscapes of Population Change demonstrates how fertility, life expectancy, and migration, the key demographic drivers, interact to shape this future. Hayutin takes readers on a demographic world tour, focusing her analysis on key regions and countries the largest economies, selected emerging economies, fast-growing populations, and major political hot spots that will drive pivotal conversations in the decades ahead. More than 100 compelling and easy-to-read charts illustrate striking comparisons that will help readers develop a comprehensive understanding of how demographics will influence economic security and political stability through the end of our century.
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• Traditions of wealth creation
• Tribal economies under colonialism
• Property rights and governance
• Creating a positive investment climate
• From a grants economy to a revenue economy

Before the arrival of Europeans, Native Americans had thriving societies based on governing structures and property rights that encouraged productivity and trade. These traditional economies were crippled by federal law that has held Indians in colonial bondage. This book provides the knowledge for tribes trapped in "white tape" to revitalize their economies and communities.
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• Foreword, by Eric Wakin Note on the Translation Polish Jews: Prisoners of Soviet Camps, by Feliks Tych The Hoover Institution's Polish Collections and the History of the Testimonies of Deported Jews, by Maciej Siekierski Testimonies Appendix Glossary About the Editors Index of Names Index of Places.
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During World War II, Soviet authorities deported several hundred thousand Polish citizens to the gulag; many died there. In their first English translation, the Hoover Institution Library & Archives presents firsthand accounts from more than 150 Polish Jewish survivors of occupation, deportation, and violence. These documents offer extraordinary information and insight on the activities of the Polish resistance movement, Jewish religious and community life, forced-labor conditions, the experiences of women and children, and more.
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• Welcomed by crows
• I become a gardener
• Camp life
• My first whipping
• Sickness and disease
• A hand through the barbed wire
• Building the monument
• Thumann and the beatings
• Categories of prisoner
• Hunger and the jackals
• Organization of the camp
• The mausoleum and the turtle
• Homo homini lupus
• Peter Birzer
• The arrival of the Jews
• Herr Knips
• Food packages
• Finishing off the Jews
• The gallows and selections for the gas
• The golden calf
• Releases and contact with the free world
• Fluchtpunkte
• Killing the Effektenkammer Kommando
• The camp administration
• The move to Field 4
• Fourteen thousand peasants
• Marmorstein
• Auf der Flucht erschossen
• Seeing my brother
• I get my Fluchtpunkt
• The plan to free the camp
• Lagersperre
• The massacre of seventeen thousand Jews
• The Gehenna in the Lagerschreibstube
• Typhus fever
• Hessel the fiddler
• Christmas Eve, 1943
• The dead arrive
• Sexualnot
• Exekutiert
• Laurich, the "angel of death"
• They count us like gold, but treat us like shit
• Every SS man carries a baton in his bag
• The Revier
• Daily pensum
• Trips to the laundry
• Transports
• Thumann leads me to the crematorium
• The best depart
• Shipping corpses
• The last of the Mohicans
• My typhus
• The air raid of the camp
• Convalescence
• Judgment day
• Hunting for Home Army soldiers
• Shortening the front
• Camp evacuation under Soviet fire
• A brickyard in Kraśnik
• A shed in Skarżysko
• Zugang 190 513 in Auschwitz

In this memoir, Jerzy Kwiatkowski tells the harrowing tale of the sixteen months he spent at Majdanek, a concentration camp on the outskirts of Lublin in occupied Poland. In stark detail, he describes the organization and operations of the camp and, for its prisoners, the fierce struggle for survival. Written in 1945, with events still fresh in his mind, Kwiatkowski's memoir provides a documentary-caliber look at prisoner life, from its mundane frustrations-endless roll calls, rations of rutabaga and potatoes-to its glimmers of hope-smuggled contraband, the strong bonds formed by the prisoners. It offers a first-person view on the Nazi regime's darkest excesses, from forced labor and starvation to systematic murder. First released under Soviet-era censorship in Poland in 1966, Kwiatkowski's memoir was published in a complete, uncensored Polish version in 2018 and has now been translated into English for the first time. The edition is richly illustrated with rare archival images from the Hoover Institution Library & Archives and the State Museum at Majdanek, who are proud to make this valuable historical record available to a wide audience.
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• Introduction / Terry L. Anderson
• Hydrocarbons are here to stay / Mark P. Mills
• The political realities of climate policy / Kenneth W. Costello
• Merging trade and climate policy / Timothy Fitzgerald
• Subsistence in Alaska native villages : adapting in the face of climate change and government regulations / E. Barrett Ristroph
• Improving price discovery to accelerate adaptation to climate change / Gregory W. Characklis, Benjamin T. Foster, and Matthew E. Kahn
• Can fire insurance manage wildfire risks in California? / Ronald Bailey

How can markets help us address the challenges of climate change? Most current climate policies require hard-to-enforce collective action and focus on reducing greenhouse gases rather than adapting to their negative effects. Editor Terry L. Anderson brings together essays by nine leading policy analysts who argue that adaptive actions can typically deliver much more, faster and more cheaply than any realistic climate policy.
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• The boy with the blue knapsack (1939)
• I (1902-1933). We must change this situation as soon as possible
• Yankee Doodle Dandy
• Good morning, sunshine
• The BAG
• II (1933-1934)
• Fragment
• Chancellor Hitler
• Two Nazi ministers
• A whisper, a nod
• The people's radio
• The Reichstag fire
• An act of sabotage
• Mildred's recruits
• Tumbling like dominoes
• Torched
• Dietrich does battle with the Aryan clause
• Arvid burns his own book
• III (1938-1939). American in Berlin
• Don't dawdle
• IV (1933-1935)
• The proper care of cactus plants
• Fair bright transparent
• Two kinds of parties
• Bugged
• Esthonia, and other imaginary women
• Arvid gets a job
• Thieves, forgers, liars, traitors
• Rudolf Ditzen, aka Hans Fallada
• The night of the long knives
• V (1939). A Molekül and other small things
• The Kansas Jack gang
• VI (1935-1937). Fragment
• A new strategy
• Bye-bye, Treaty of Versailles
• Tommy
• Monkey business
• Rindersteak Nazi
• An old pal from ARPLAN
• Spies among us
• Beheadings are back
• Ernst and Ernst
• Identity crisis
• VI (1937-1939). Homecoming
• Georgina's tremors, big and small
• Jane in love
• My little girl
• A circle within the circle
• A child, almost
• Stalin and the dwarf
• Boris's last letter
• Seeking allies
• VIII (1937-1940)
• Morgenthau's man
• Joy ride
• Lunch before Kristallnacht
• Getting to be pretty good
• A fateful decision
• Air raid
• Louise Heath's diary
• Mamzelle and Mildred and mole
• IX (1940-1942). Fragment
• Foreign excellent trench coats
• Corsican drops a bombshell
• Libs and Mildred among the cups and spoons
• AGIS and other agitations
• Zoya Ivanovna Rybkina's eleven-page table
• Stalin's obscenity
• Hans Coppi's first message
• Anatoly Gurevich, aka Kent, aka Vincente Sierra, aka Victor Sukolov
• Code red
• A single error
• Gollnow
• One pain among so many
• Oil in the Caucasus
• X (1942-1945). Fragment
• Arrest
• The Gestapo album
• Knock-knock
• Falk does his best
• Wolfgang's seventh interrogation
• Kassiber
• The Red Orchestra is neither all red nor particularly musical
• Anneliese and witch bones
• Hitler's bloodhound
• The first of many trials
• Mildred's cellmate
• The greatest bit of bad luck
• The armband she wore
• The Mannhardt guillotine
• All the frequent troubles of our days
• Stieve's list
• The final solution
• Gertrud
• XI (1942-1952). Harriette's rage
• Valkyrie
• Recruited
• By chance
• Arvid's letter
• XII (1946). Don goes back

Part biography, part political thriller, part scholarly detective story that draws on letters, diary entries, notes smuggled out of a Berlin prison, and other documents, this true story chronicles the life and brutal death of Mildred Harnack, the American leader of one of the largest underground resistance groups in Germany
Mildred Harnack was twenty-six when she enrolled in a PhD program in Germany and witnessed the meteoric rise of the Nazi party. In 1932, she began holding secret meetings with a small band of political activists that by 1940 had grown into the largest underground resistance group in Berlin. When the first shots of the Second World War were fired she became a spy, couriering top-secret intelligence to the Allies. On the eve of her escape to Sweden, she was ambushed by the Gestapo. At a Nazi military court she was sentenced to six years at a prison camp, but Hitler overruled the decision and ordered her execution. On February 16, 1943, she was strapped to a guillotine and beheaded. Harnack's great-great-niece Rebecca Donner draws on archival research in Germany, Russia, England, and the U.S. as well as newly uncovered documents in her family archive to reconstruct the moral courage of an enigmatic woman nearly erased by history.-- Adapted from dust jacket

• Introduction / by Peter A. Dutton
• The Influence of Nuclear Weapons on National Strategy and Policy: a Lecture to the Naval Command Course and the School of Naval Command and Staff on 7 December 1966 / by Jack Raymond
• Defense, War-Fighting and Deterrence / by Colin S. Gray
• Strategic Uncertainty and Nuclear Deterrence / by Donald M. Snow
• Strategic Deterrence and the Cruise Missile / by Edward J. Ohlert.
• "Analogous Response": the Cruise-Missile Threat to CONUS / by Jerome J. Burke
• The Place of Maritime Strength in the Strategy of Deterrence / by George R. Lindsey
• "They Were Playing Chicken": the U.S. Asiatic Fleet's Gray-Zone Deterrence Campaign against Japan, 1937-1940 / by Hunter Stires
• U.S. Conventional Access Strategy: Denying China a Conventional First-Strike Capability / by Sam Goldsmith
• Between Peace and the Air-Sea Battle: a War-at-Sea Strategy / by Jeffrey E. Kline and Wayne P. Hughes Jr.
• Revisiting Taiwan's Defense Strategy / by William S. Murray

• Sparta ascendant, Athens rising : alliance, ambivalence, rivalry, and war in a tripolar world / Paul A. Rahe
• The Punic Wars / Barry Strauss
• A strategic campaign : the Byzantine emperor Herakleios destroys Sasanian Persia / Edward N. Luttwak
• Gustavus Adolphus and the rise of Sweden / Peter R. Mansoor
• Napoleon's Italian campaign / Andrew Roberts
• The Sino-American Littoral War of 2025 : a future history / Michael R. Auslin

Since ancient times, there have been military operations that attempted to produce tectonic shifts in the balance of power. In this volume, historians demonstrate how knowledge of past military operations can inform current policy discussions by analyzing conflicts between dominant states and the rising powers who seeks to contest their hegemony. What might a conflict between the United States and its main rival, China, look like in the years ahead? What factors are important for strategists to consider? Paul A. Rahe considers the rival ambitions between Sparta and Athens. Barry Strauss explores the Punic Wars fought by Carthage and Rome. Edward N. Luttwak examines a decisive military campaign between the Byzantine empire and its nemesis, the Sasanians. Peter R. Mansoor describes the emergence of Sweden as a military might under the leadership of Gustavus Adolphus. Andrew Roberts studies the expansion of French power during Napoleon's Italian campaign. Michael R. Auslin formulates a hypothetical conflict between China and the United States in the year 2025. Each of these conflicts offers important lessons about the behaviors of ascendant powers and the responses they provoke.
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• Pt. I. Essays. Picturing empire : nishiki-e and the wars of Imperial Japan / Olivia Morello ; Michael Auslin
• Anchors of history : the long shadow of Imperial Japanese propaganda / Barak Kushner
• Multinational perspectives of visualized journalism on the Sino-Japanese War : a comparative study of Meiji Japan, Qing China, and Europe / Toshihiko Kishi
• Nishiki-e and war prints / Junichi Okubo
• A visual revolution : the emperor in popular nishiki-e / Alice Y. Tseng
• Visual media trends during the Russo-Japanese War period : a comparative study of Meiji Japan and Czarist Russia / Toshihiko Kishi
• Bakudan san'yūshi : the three heroes of Shanghai / Hanae Kurihara Kramer ; Scott Kramer
• The Pacific War and kamishibai / Tsuneo Yasuda
• Printed wartime kamishibai / Taketoshi Yamamoto
• pt. II. Collection highlights. Women at war -- Bushidō : samurai values -- Iconic symbols -- War horses -- Technology -- International propaganda war

Japan's Meiji Restoration brought swift changes through Japanese adoption of Western-style modernization and imperial expansion. Fanning the Flames brings together a range of scholarly essays and collected materials from the Hoover Institution Library & Archives detailing how Japanese propaganda played an active role in fostering national identity and mobilizing grassroots participation in the country's transformation and wartime activities, starting with the First Sino-Japanese War to the end of World War II.
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• Diplomats in search of a government, November 1917-September 1918
• Government in search of a policy, October-December 1918
• Around the Paris Peace Conference
• Recognition? : March-July 1919
• Immobility and defeat : after Versailles
• General Vrangel' : from recognition to evacuation

Even as a country ceases to be a great power, the concept of it as a great power can continue to influence decision making and policy formulation. This book explores how such a process took place in Russia from 1917 through 1920, when the Bolshevik coup of November 1917 led to the creation of two regimes: the Bolshevik "Reds" and the anti-Bolshevik "Whites." As Reds consolidated their one-party dictatorship and nursed global ambitions, Whites struggled to achieve a different vision for the future of Russia. Anatol Shmelev illuminates the White campaign with fresh purpose and through information from the Hoover Institution Archives, exploring how diverse White factions overcame internal tensions to lobby for recognition on the world stage, only to fail-in part because of the West's desire to leave "the Russian question" to Russians alone. In the Wake of Empire examines the personalities, institutions, political culture, and geostrategic concerns that shaped the foreign policy of the anti-Bolshevik governments and attempts to define the White movement through them. Additionally, Shmelev provides a fascinating psychological study of the factors that ultimately doomed the White effort: an irrational and ill-placed faith in the desire of the Allies to help them, and wishful thinking with regard to their own prospects that obscured the reality around them.
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• 1. The International Criminal Court: Between continuity and renewal / Viviane E. Dittrich
• 2. Attacked, applauded, threatened, universalized. Or: A Wednesday at the International Criminal Court / Alexander Heinze
• Part I: Stocktaking: Looking back and looking ahead. 3. Is power or reason the way to peace? / Benjamin B. Ferencz ; 4. Justice without fear or favour? The uncertain future of the International Criminal Court / Leila Nadya Sadat ; 5. The way forward for the International Criminal Court and its stakeholders: focus inward / Christopher R.F. Hale ; 6. The relevance of the Nuremberg Principles as a source of law for decision making of subsequent International Criminal Judiciary / Katarína Šmigová
• Part II: Context and constraints
• Section A: Prosecutorial policy and practice. 7. Prosecuting 'The most responsible': The law and politics of the expectation and strategy / Fannie Lafontaine and Claire Magnoux ; 8. The use of non-governmental investigatory bodies at the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court: An offer we can(not) refuse? / André C.U. Nwadikwa-Jonathan and Nicholas E. Ortiz
• Section B: Jurisdiction and admissibility: Normative considerations and prosecutorial discretion. 9. General Assembly Referral to the International Criminal Court / Fergal Gaynor ; 10. The complementary global regimes working for peace and justice and the pursuit of universal jurisdiction / Andrea Marrone ; 11. Complementarity and due process as a question of admissibility: From fighting impunity to seeking justice? / Anderson Javiel Dirocie De León ; 12. The dynamics of complementarity and preliminary examinations / Adedeji Adekunle
• Section C: Victims and witnesses. 13. Trauma in the witness stand: Effective evaluation of trauma-impacted testimony at the International Criminal Court / Ellie Smith ; 14. Five categories of victims and the consequences on the International Criminal Court / Christoph Safferling and Gurgen Petrossian ; 15. Judicial protective measures for victims and witnesses vis-à-vis external actors at the International Criminal Court / Juan Pablo Pérez-León-Acevedo ; 16. The development of witness evidence law at the International Criminal Court / Hilde Farthofer
• Section D: Defence issues: Procedural and institutional perspectives. 17. Length of proceedings at the International Criminal Court: Context, latest developments and proposed steps to address the issue / Benjamin Gumpert and Yulia Nuzban ; 18. Founding an International Criminal Court Bar / Philippe Currat and Brice Van Erps
• Section E: Legitimacy and independence. 19. Cultivating the court's legitimacy and the use of constructivism to prepare for Head of State Aggression Prosecutions / Cara Cunningham Warren ; 20. Defining situations at the International Criminal Court / Nicolai von Maltitz and Thomas Körner ; 21. Politics and the institutional integrity of the International Criminal Court / Shannon Fyfe
• Part III: Achievements and legacy: Reflections on the twentieth anniversary of thE Rome Statute. 22. Quo vadis, International Criminal Court? The European Union's role and responsibility to support the court in good times and in bad times / Barbara Lochbihler ; 23. Russia and the International Criminal Court: From uncertain engagement to positive disengagement / Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov ; 24. Speech by Foreign Minister Heiko Maas at the Nuremberg Forum 2018 marking the twentieth anniversary of the Rome Statute / Heiko Maas ; 25. Speech by Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda at the Nuremberg Forum 2018 marking the twentieth anniversary of the Rome Statute / Fatou Bensouda ; 26. The twentieth anniversary of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court / Bertram Schmitt

This edited volume provides a broad perspective on the International Criminal Court's development over time and explores some of its topical issues, achievements, challenges and critiques. The anthology combines reflections from scholars and practitioners and includes voices from inside and outside the Court, featuring multiple readings of its activities, practice and developments. In line with the volume's title, the authors portray the establishment and development of the Court (hence the theme 'past'), critically engage with its successes and challenges ('present'), and draw conclusions on its achievements and way forward ('future'). The book examines five key topics: prosecutorial policy and strategy, jurisdiction and admissibility, victims and witnesses, defence issues, and legitimacy and independence. It includes a number of papers and speeches given at the Nuremberg Forum 2018. -- Back cover

• Einleitung
• Eine jüdische Kindheit
• Politische Anfänge und die SPD
• Rosa Luxemburg
• Revolution
• Für die KPD im Preussischen Landtag
• "Bolschewisierung" und "Stalinisierung"
• Der Weg in Exil
• Frankreich und die USA
• Rückkehr nach Deutschland und zur SPD

Fyodor Sergeyevich Olferieff (1885-1971) led a remarkable life in the shadows of history. This book presents his memoirs for the first time, translated and annotated by his granddaughter Tanya A. Cameron. Born into a noble family, Olferieff was a Russian career military officer who observed firsthand key events of the early twentieth century, including the 1905-7 revolution, the Great War, the collapse of the imperial state, and the civil wars in Ukraine and Crimea. Olferieff wrestles with moral and political questions, wondering whether his own advantages could be justified-and whether, if born a peasant, he might have thrown himself into the revolution. As Gary Hamburg writes in an illuminating companion essay, Olferieff wrote "to understand himself and to record his broken life for posterity" as a privileged observer of a bloody, historically pivotal era.
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