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• Industry highlights boxes.Industry highlights box authors.Preface.Acknowledgments..Part I: Underlying Science and Methods of Plant Breeding.
• Section 1: Historical Perspectives and Importance of Plant Breeding.1. History and role of plant breeding in society.
• Section 2: General Biological Concepts.2. The art and science of plant breeding.3. Plant Cellular organization and genetic structure: an overview.4. Plant reproductive systems.
• Section 3: Germplasm Issues.5. Variation: types, origin, and scale.6. Plant genetic resources for plant breeding.
• Section 4: Genetic Analysis in Plant Breeding.7. Introduction to concepts of population genetics.8. Introduction to quantitative genetics.9. Common statistical methods in plant breeding.
• Section 5: Tools in Plant Breeding.10. Sexual hybridization and wide crosses in plant breeding.11. Tissue culture and the breeding of clonally propagated plants.12. Mutagenesis in plant breeding.13. Polyploidy in plant breeding.14. Biotechnology in plant breeding.15. Issues in the application of biotechnology in plant breeding.
• Section 6: Classic Methods of Plant Breeding.16. Breeding self-pollinated species.17. Breeding cross-pollinated species.18. Breeding hybrid cultivars.
• Section 7: Selected Breeding Objectives.19. Breeding for physiological and morphological traits.20. Breeding for resistance to disease and insect pests.21. Breeding for resistance to abiotic stress.22. Breeding compositional traits and added value.
• Section 8: Cultivar Release and Commercial Seed Production.23. Performance evaluation for crop cultivar release.24. Seed certification and commercial seed multiplication.25. International plant breeding efforts.26. Emerging concepts in plant breeding.Part II: Breeding Selected Crops.27. Breeding wheat.28. Breeding corn.29. Breeding rice.30. Breeding sorghum.31. Breeding soybean.32. Breeding peanut.33. Breeding potato.34. Breeding cotton.Glossary.
• Appendix 1: Internet resources.
• Appendix 2: Conversion rates.Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Until recently, plant breeders have depended primarily on classical tools to develop new and improved products for producers and consumers. However, with the advent of biotechnology, breeders are increasingly incorporating molecular tools in their breeding work. In recognition of the current state of methods and their application, this text introduces both classical and molecular tools for plant breeding. Topics such as biotechnology in plant breeding, intellectual property, risks, emerging concepts (decentralized breeding, organic breeding), and more are addressed in this state of the art text. The final 8 chapters provide a useful reference on breeding the largest and most common crops. In addition, over 25 plant breeders share their professional experiences while illustrating concepts in the text.The features of this book include: comprehensive presentation of both classical and molecular plant breeding tools; industry highlight essays from over 25 professional plant breeders; chapter introductions, summaries and discussion questions; easy reference glossary; and, reference chapters on breeding 8 of the largest and most common crops.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Part 1 Introductory topics: historical resume
• crop germplasm
• reproductive systems
• male sterility
• self-incompatibility
• techniques of artificial hybridization
• genetic basis of plant breeding
• selection
• interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. Part 2 Methods of crop breeding: pure-line selection
• pedigree method
• bulk population method
• backcross method
• population improvement
• recurrent selection
• composite and synthetic varieties
• asexually propagated crops
• apomictic grasses
• maize hybrids
• hybrid varieties
• mutation breeding
• polyploid breeding
• disease resistance breeding
• insect resistance breeding
• abiotic stresses
• breeding for specific traits
• plant tissue culture
• genetic engineering. Part 3 Seed production: release and maintenance of crop varieties
• plant variety protection
• hybrid seed production.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This text explores the fundamentals of plant breeding and hybrid seed production. It examines issues including male sterility, composite and synthetic varieties and disease resistance breeding.
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• INTRODUCTORY TOPICS.
• Darwinian Evolution.
• Origins of Agriculture.
• Evolution During Domestication.
• Mating Systems of Plants.
• Overview of Plant Breeding.
• BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PLANT BREEDING.
• Heredity and Environment.
• Genetic Consequences of Hybridization.
• Inheritance of Continuously Varying Characters: Biometrical Genetics.
• Evolution During Cultivation.
• Marker--Assisted Analysis of Adaptedness in Nature.
• Marker--Assisted Dissection of Adaptedness in Cultivation.
• MODERN BREEDING PLANS.
• Reproductive Systems and Breeding Plans.
• Breeding Self--Pollinated Plants.
• Breeding Hybrid Varieties of Outcrossing Plants.
• Breeding Clonally Propagated Plants.
• Breeding Hybrid Varieties of Selfing Plants and Plants that Are Clonally Propagated in Nature.
• Plant Breeding for Low--Input Agricultures.
• Glossary.
• References.
• Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

As ancient as agriculture itself, plant breeding is one of civilization's oldest activities. Today, world food production is more dependent than ever on the successful cultivation of only a handful of major crops, while continuing advances in agriculture rely on successfully breeding new varieties that are well-adapted to their human-influenced ecological circumstances. Plant breeding involves elements of both natural and cultural selection-a process which operates on individual plants and on plant populations. This book offers the most recent detailed knowledge of plant reproduction and their environmental interaction, which can help guide new breeding programs and help insure continuing progress in providing more food for growing populations produced with better care of the environment.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Prilozhenie. Pisʹma N.I. Vavilova N.P. Gorbunovu.

• Population genetical aspects of cross-fertilization. Inbreeding. Assortative mating and disassortative mating. Population genetical effects of selection with regard to sex expression. Random variation of gene frequencies. Selection. Quantitative aspects. Quantitative characters. Effects of the mode of reproduction on the expected genotypic value. Effects of the mode of reproduction on the genetic variance. Applications of quantitative genetic theory in plant breeding. Simultaneous selection for several traits. Selection for quantitative traits. Genotype x environment interaction. The unmasking of the genotype value in case of heterogeneous growing conditions. Effects of competition on the efficiency of selection. The optimum number of replications. The size and shape of test plots. The optimal generation for selection in self-fertilizing crops. Experimental designs for plant breeding.
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This text demonstrates the scientific principles behind plant breeding. It integrates plant breeding, population genetics, quantitative genetics, probability theory and statistics to provide an objective basis for plant selection and breeding. This book should be of interest to plant scientists, plant breeders, upper level and MSc students of plant sciences, plant breeding, genetics, and population biology.
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• 1 Introduction..2 Modes of reproduction and types of cultivar..3 Breeding objectives..4 Breeding schemes..5 Genetics and plant breeding..6 Predictions..7 Selection.8 Alternative techniques in plant breeding..9 Some Practical considerations.Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Plants have been successfully selectively bred for thousands of years, culminating in incredible yields, quality, resistance and so on that we see in our modern day crops and ornamental plants. In recent years, the techniques used have been rapidly advanced and refined to include molecular, cell and genetic techniques. "Introduction to Plant Breeding" provides comprehensive coverage of the whole area of plant breeding. It covers modes of reproduction in plants, breeding objectives and schemes, genetics, predictions, selection, alternative techniques and practical considerations. Each chapter is carefully laid out in a student friendly way and includes questions for the reader. The book is essential reading for all those studying, teaching and researching plant breeding.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface xi About the companion website xiii
• 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Requirements of plant breeders 1 1.2 Evolution of crop species 4 1.2.1 Why did hunter-gatherers become farmers? 4 1.2.2 What crops were involved? And when did they arise? 5 1.3 Natural and human selection 8 1.4 Contribution of modern plant breeders 8 Think questions 11
• 2 Modes of Reproduction and Types of Cultivar 13 2.1 Introduction 13 2.2 Modes of reproduction 15 2.2.1 Sexual reproduction 15 2.2.2 Asexual reproduction 16 2.3 Types of cultivar 17 2.3.1 Pure-line cultivars 17 2.3.2 Open-pollinated cultivars 17 2.3.3 Hybrid cultivars 18 2.3.4 Clonal cultivars 18 2.3.5 Synthetic cultivars 18 2.3.6 Multiline cultivars 18 2.3.7 Composite-cross cultivars 19 2.4 Annuals and perennials 19 2.5 Reproductive sterility 19 Think questions 19
• 3 Breeding Objectives 21 3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 People, politics and economic criteria 22 3.3 Grower profitability 25 3.3.1 Increasing harvestable yield 26 3.3.2 Selection for yield increase 27 3.4 Increasing end-use quality 28 3.4.1 Testing for end-use quality 30 3.5 Increasing pest and disease resistance 31 3.6 Types of plant resistance 34 3.7 Mechanisms for disease resistance 35 3.8 Testing plant resistance 36 3.9 Conclusions 38 Think questions 38
• 4 Breeding Schemes 40 4.1 Introduction 40 4.2 Development of pure-line cultivars 40 4.2.1 Homozygosity 41 4.2.2 Breeding schemes for pure-line cultivars 43 4.2.3 Number of segregating families and selections 46 4.2.4 Seed increases for cultivar release 46 4.3 Developing multiline cultivars 47 4.3.1 Backcrossing 48 4.4 Development of open-pollinated population cultivars 49 4.4.1 Breeding schemes for open-pollinating population cultivars 49 4.4.2 Backcrossing in open-pollinated population cultivar development 51 4.5 Developing synthetic cultivars 51 4.5.1 Seed production of a synthetic cultivar 53 4.6 Developing hybrid cultivars 53 4.6.1 Heterosis 55 4.6.2 Types of hybrid 58 4.6.3 Breeding system for F1 hybrid cultivars 58 4.6.4 Backcrossing in hybrid cultivar development 59 4.6.5 Hybrid seed production and cultivar release 60 4.7 Development of clonal cultivars 61 4.7.1 Outline of a potato breeding scheme 61 4.7.2 Time to develop clonal cultivars 62 4.7.3 Sexual reproduction in clonal crops 63 4.7.4 Maintaining disease-free parental lines and breeding selections 64 4.7.5 Seed increase of clonal cultivars 64 4.8 Developing apomictic cultivars 64 4.9 Summary 65 Think questions 65
• 5 Genetics and Plant Breeding 68 5.1 Introduction 68 5.2 Qualitative genetics 68 5.2.1 Genotype/phenotype relationships 70 5.2.2 Segregation of qualitative genes in diploid species 70 5.2.3 Qualitative loci linkage 72 5.2.4 Pleiotropy 76 5.2.5 Epistasis 76 5.2.6 Qualitative inheritance in tetraploid species 77 5.2.7 The chi-square test 79 5.2.8 Family size necessary in qualitative genetic studies 81 5.3 Quantitative genetics 82 5.3.1 The basis of continuous variation 82 5.3.2 Describing continuous variation 83 5.3.3 Relating quantitative genetics and the normal distribution 86 5.3.4 Quantitative genetics models 87 5.3.5 Testing the models 90 5.3.6 Quantitative trait loci 97 Think questions 101
• 6 Predictions 104 6.1 Introduction 104 6.1.1 Genotype x environment interactions 104 6.1.2 Genetically based predictions 105 6.2 Heritability 106 6.2.1 Broad-sense heritability 107 6.2.2 Narrow-sense heritability 108 6.2.3 Heritability from offspring parent regression 109 6.3 Diallel crossing designs 110 6.3.1 Griffing s analysis 111 6.3.2 Hayman and Jinks analysis 116 6.4 Cross prediction 119 Think questions 120
• 7 Selection 125 7.1 Introduction 125 7.2 What to select and when to select 125 7.2.1 Qualitative trait selection 126 7.2.2 Quantitative trait selection 126 7.2.3 Positive and negative selection 126 7.3 Response to selection 127 7.3.1 Association between traits or years 129 7.3.2 Heritability and its limitations 130 7.3.3 Methods of selection 131 7.3.4 Errors in selection 133 7.4 Applied selection 136 7.4.1 Number of genotypes in initial populations 136 7.4.2 Early generation selection 139 7.4.3 Intermediate generation selection 141 7.4.4 Advanced generation selection 143 7.4.5 Analysis of location trials 146 7.5 Cross prediction 151 7.5.1 Univariate cross prediction 152 7.5.2 Multivariate cross prediction 157 7.6 Parental selection 159 7.6.1 Phenotypic evaluation 160 7.6.2 Genotypic evaluation 160 7.6.3 Parental combinations 161 7.6.4 Germplasm collections 162 Think questions 163
• 8 Broadening the Genetic Basis 168 8.1 Induced mutations 168 8.1.1 Methods of increasing the frequency of mutation 169 8.1.2 Types of mutation 169 8.1.3 Plant parts to be treated 170 8.1.4 Dose rates 170 8.1.5 Dangers of using mutagens 171 8.1.6 Impact of mutation breeding 171 8.1.7 Practical applications 172 8.2 Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization 174 8.2.1 Characters introduced to crops from wild related species 174 8.2.2 Factors involved in interspecific or intergeneric hybridization 175 8.2.3 Post-fertilization 176 8.2.4 Hybrid sterility 176 8.2.5 Backcrossing 176 8.2.6 Increasing genetic diversity 177 8.2.7 Creating new species 177 8.3 Plant genetic transformation 177 8.3.1 A glimpse at the genetic transformation of plants 179 8.3.2 Some applications of genetic engineering to plant breeding 181 8.3.3 Cautions and related issues 183 Think questions 183
• 9 Contemporary Approaches in Plant Breeding 185 9.1 Introduction 185 9.2 Tissue culture 185 9.2.1 Doubled haploids 185 9.2.2 Some potential issues 186 9.2.3 In vitro multiplication 188 9.3 Molecular markers in plant breeding 188 9.3.1 Theory of using markers 188 9.3.2 Types of marker systems 190 9.3.3 Molecular markers 191 9.3.4 Uses of molecular markers in breeding programmes 192 9.3.5 Issues with markers 195 9.3.6 The increasing availability of genome sequences 195 Think questions 197
• 10 Practical Considerations 198 10.1 Introduction 198 10.2 Experimental design 198 10.2.1 Unreplicated designs 199 10.2.2 Randomized designs 201 10.2.3 The increasing role of linear mixed model approaches to analyse breeding data 203 10.3 Greenhouse management 204 10.3.1 Artificial hybridization 204 10.3.2 Seed and generation increases 206 10.3.3 Evaluation of breeding lines 206 10.3.4 Environmental control 207 10.3.5 Disease control 207 10.3.6 Economics 208 10.3.7 Experimental design in the glasshouse 209 10.4 Field plot techniques 209 10.4.1 Choice of land 209 10.4.2 Plot size and replication 211 10.4.3 Guard rows and discard rows 212 10.4.4 Machinery 212 10.5 Use of computers in plant breeding 214 10.5.1 Data storage and retrieval 215 10.5.2 Field plan design 217 10.5.3 Clerical operations 217 10.5.4 Data collection 217 10.5.5 Data analysis 218 10.5.6 Selection 219 10.5.7 Data transfer 220 10.5.8 Statistical consultation 220 10.5.9 Ease of use 220 10.6 Release of new cultivars 220 10.6.1 Information needed prior to cultivar release 221 10.6.2 Value in release 221 10.6.3 Cultivar names 222 Think questions 222
• 11 Current Developments in Plant Breeding 223 11.1 Intellectual property and ownership issues 223 11.1.1 Patents 223 11.2 The impact of biotechnology 225 11.3 The regulation of genetically modified plants 227 11.4 Plant breeding as a career 228 Further Reading 229 Suggested Answers to Think Questions 230 Index 271.
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This book, Plant Breeding, has it bases in an earlier text entitled An Introduction to Plant Breeding by Jack Brown and Peter Caligari, first published in 2008. The challenges facing today s plant breeders have never been more overwhelming, yet the prospects to contribute significantly to global food security and farmers quality of life have never been more exciting and fulfilling. Despite this there has been a worrying decline in public funding for plant breeding-related research and support for international centers of germplasm development and crop improvement. In part, this has resulted in a serious reduction in the number of young people interested in devoting their professional careers to plant breeding as well as the number of universities offering plant breeding courses or conducting relevant research in plant breeding. The authors aim in writing this book is to provide an integrated and updated view of the current scientific progress related to diverse plant breeding disciplines, within the context of applied breeding programs. This excellent new book will encourage a new generation of students to pursue careers related to plant breeding and will assist a wider audience of agricultural students, agronomists, policy makers and those with an interest in agriculture in gaining insight about the issues affecting plant breeding and its key role in improving the quality of life of people and in securing sufficient food, at the quality required and at an affordable price. With comprehensive coverage including questions designed for students, and an accompanying website containing additional material to help in the study of the subject, Plant Breeding is an ideal text for all those studying plant and crop sciences, and a convenient reference source for professionals working in the area. All libraries within universities and research establishments where biological and agricultural sciences are studied and taught should have multiple copies of this book.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Genetic models and their role in prediction
• experimental mating designs - an assessment of their use and efficiency in breeding programmes
• selection with and without competition
• multi-environment trials - the problems posed by, and the analysis of, genotype-environment interactions
• stability, adaptability and adaptation
• genetic resources and diversity and eco-geographical breeding
• breeding for biotic and abiotic stress.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This fourth book in the "Plant Breeding Series" introduces the techniques required to analyse the quantitative genetical variation confronting all plant breeders. It clearly describes the methods available to handle complex characters and their responses to the stresses and constraints imposed on them by the environment. The book focuses on ecological aspects related to breeding, in particular the role of the genetic conservation and gene banks, in supplying plant breeders with the genetically variable material required to produce new varieties of the crop plants. Integrating scientifically both the quantitative and conservational aspects of plant breeding, this important volume will be of interest to students pursuing courses in applied genetics as well as providing an invaluable source for those working in the field to tackle the problems facing plant breeders in the 21st Century.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Organization and Conduct of Plant Stress Research to Increase Agricultural Productivity (M. Christiansen). Disease Tolerance: Reducing the Impact of Disease-Induced Stress on Crop Yields (H. Mussell and M. Malone). Thigmomorphogenesis: The Effect of Mechanical Perturbation on the Growth of Plants, with Special Reference to Anatomical Changes, the Role of Ethylene, and Interaction with Other Environmental Stresses (M. Jaffe and R. Biro). Differential Aluminum Tolerance in Crop Plants (R. Rhue). Comparative Responses of Field Grown Crops to Phosphate Concentrations in Soil Solutions (R. Fox). Production of Food Plants in Areas Supplied with Highly Saline Water: Problems and Prospects (G. Somers). Salt Resistance in Agricultural Crops. (D. Pasternak et al.). Effects of Freezing and Cold Acclimation on Membrane Structure and Function (P. Steponkus). Cold Resistance and Injury in Winter Cereals (L. Gusta and D. Fowler). Strategies for Altering Chilling Sensitivity as a Limiting Factor in Crop Production (J. Lyons and R. Breidenbach). Frost Hardiness: A Discussion of Possible Molecular Causes of Injury with Particular Reference to Deep Supercooling of Water (M. Burke and C. Stushnoff). Breeding Potatoes for Tolerance to Stress: Heat and Frost (H. Mendoza and R. Estrada). Selecting for Drought and Heat Resistance in Grain Sorghum (C. Sullivan and W. Ross). Drought Stress of Cowpea and Soybean under Tropical Conditions (H. Wein et al.). Effects of Water and Heat Stress on Carbon Metabolism of Plants with C3 and C4 Photosynthesis (D. Lawlor). Air Pollution Stress (L. Weinstein and D. McCune). Drought Resistance and Adaptation to Water Deficits in Crop Plants (N. Turner). Drought Resistance in Cereals--Rice: A Case Study (J. O'Toole and T. Chang). Stomatal Behavior and Breeding for Drought Resistance (H. Jones). Genetic Improvement of Drought Resistance in Crop Plants: A Case for Sorghum (A. Blum). Testing and Selecting for Drought Resistance in Wheat (T. Townley-Smith and E. Hurd). Growth and Development of Chickpeas under Progressive Moisture Stress (A. Sheldrake and N. Saxena). Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

• From the birth of agriculture to the birth of genetics
• Flowering of a technology.

Disheartened by the shrink-wrapped, Styrofoam-packed state of contemporary supermarket fruits and vegetables, many shoppers hark back to a more innocent time, to visions of succulent red tomatoes plucked straight from the vine, gleaming orange carrots pulled from loamy brown soil, swirling heads of green lettuce basking in the sun. With "Hybrid", Noel Kingsbury reveals that even those imaginary perfect foods are themselves far from anything that could properly be called natural; rather, they represent the end of a millennia-long history of selective breeding and hybridization. Starting his story at the birth of agriculture, Kingsbury traces the history of human attempts to make plants more reliable, productive, and nutritious - a story that owes as much to accident and error as to innovation and experiment. Drawing on historical and scientific accounts, as well as a rich trove of anecdotes, Kingsbury shows how scientists, amateur breeders, and countless anonymous farmers and gardeners slowly caused the evolutionary pressures of nature to be supplanted by those of human needs - and thus led us from sparse wild grasses to succulent corn cobs, and from mealy, white wild carrots to the juicy vegetables we enjoy today. At the same time, Kingsbury reminds us that contemporary controversies over the Green Revolution and genetically modified crops are not new; plant breeding has always had a political dimension. A powerful reminder of the complicated and ever-evolving relationship between humans and the natural world, "Hybrid" will give readers a thoughtful new perspective on - and a renewed appreciation of - the cereal crops, vegetables, fruits, and flowers that are central to our way of life.
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• Introduction
• science, agriculture and social change
• the genetic foundation of American agriculture
• public science ascendant - plant breeding comes of age
• heterosis and the social division of labour
• plant breeders rights and the social division of labour - an historical perspective
• seeds of struggle - germplasm resources in the world system
• outdoing evolution - biotechnology, botany, and business
• conclusion.
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This history of the scientific and commercial lines of plant development in the United States traces the transformation of the seed from a public good produced and reproduced by farmers into a commodity controlled by businesses and corporations divorced from the uses of their product.
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Spotlights the history of plant breeding and the seed industry, particularly genetically engineered crops. This second edition includes an extensive new chapter on recent controversies.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• science, agriculture and social change
• the genetic foundation of American agriculture
• public science ascendant - plant breeding comes of age
• heterosis and the social division of labour
• plant breeders rights and the social division of labour - an historical perspective
• seeds of struggle - germplasm resources in the world system
• outdoing evolution - biotechnology, botany, and business
• conclusion.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This history of the scientific and commercial lines of plant development in the United States traces the transformation of the seed from a public good produced and reproduced by farmers into a commodity controlled by businesses and corporations divorced from the uses of their product.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• The origin of agriculture
• increasing diversity under domestication
• the course of reducing and maintaining genetic diversity under domestication
• speciation under domestication
• weeds and their evolution
• evolution of selected crop plants
• genetic resources for future crop evolution.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

The evolution of plants under domestication is unique in the general fields of plant evolution for many reasons: because it is a comparatively recent event, because the original plant material, i.e. the wild progenitors of many important crop plants still grow in their natural habitats and because man has played a major role in this process. This important book covers the major aspects of this fascinating subject. Contents include coverage of the origin of agriculture, increasing and decreasing diversity and speciation under domestication, and the evolution of weeds and important selected crops.The final chapter of the book is devoted to sources of genetic diversity for future crop plant evolution and looks at how vitally important wild genetic resources can be effectively collected and preserved. "Plant Evolution under Domestication" is an extremely valuable reference source for upper level students and professionals in the areas of plant sciences and agriculture, plant breeding, crop evolution, ethnobotany and related subjects. It should be on the shelves of all those researching and working in this area and in all libraries of plant science and agriculture departments and institutes throughout the world.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

An award-winning journalist pens a fascinating account of the life and times of Thomas Fairchild, a London nurseryman who discovered hybridization and paved the way for the growth of gardening as a cultural obsession. 8-page color photo insert.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

In this text, the author synthesizes ideas and techniques drawn from quantitative and population genetics. The sections on molecular biology show how genetic engineering and the techniques of recombinant DNA will augment classical plant breeding in the future; and the chapters on perennial crops and variation reflect recent advances in these areas.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)