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• Forward! To the Fourth Edition How to Use This Book
• 1. The Cow in the Field
• 2. The Raven
• 3. Descartes' Big One
• 4. The Hanging Judge
• 5. The Hairdresser
• 6. The Tuck Shop Dilemma
• 7. Protagoras' Problem
• 8. The Unexpected Exam
• 9. Sorites
• 10. A Problem Arranging Ship Battles
• 11. Flight 999
• 12. The Plank of Carneades
• 13. The Dodgy Donor Clinic
• 14. The Famous Footbridge Dilemma
• 15. A not-very Classical Musical Dilemma
• 16. Whose Baby?
• 17. Potentially a Problem
• 18. Kidnapped! Part I
• 19. Kidnapped! Part II
• 20. The Tortoise
• 21. The Bent Coin Problem
• 22. The Infinite Hotel
• 23. Zeno's Paradox of Place
• 24. Poincare's Problem
• 25. The Mysterious Triangle
• 26. The Fern
• 27. Fakes and Forgeries
• 28. Flash Bagman
• 29. A Problem buying Stamps and Potatoes parts I and II
• 30. Problems with Standards
• 31. A bit of Exploitation
• 32. Swampy Things
• 33. The X-perience Machine
• 34. The Power of Partiality
• 35. Against Impartiality
• 36. The Superior Power of Self-interest
• 37. The Half-Brain problem
• 38. Only John King!
• 39. The Materialisation of Katie King
• 40. The Blobs
• 41. Cube/ Triangle
• 42. Figure/Ground reversal
• 43. False Leg
• 44. Mobius Strip 45
• -56. 12 Traditional Philosophy Problems No One Cares About Anyway
• 57. Potty Thought Experiments
• 58. What Happens After the Sun Goes Out
• 59. Galileo's (Gravitational ) Balls
• 60. Maxwell 's Moving Magnets
• 61. Einstein Changes the Train Times
• 62. Schrodinger's Cat
• 63. Deep Thought
• 64. Deeper Thought
• 65. The Dog and the Professor
• 66. A Relative Problem
• 67. New Diktatia part I
• 68. New Diktatia part II
• 69. New Diktatia part III
• 70. The Dissonance of the $1 Volunteers
• 71. Devil's Chemists
• 72. The Turtle 73.Daytime or Nighttime
• 74. But will the Waterfall?
• 75. The Architect's Secret
• 76. Smaller and smaller
• 77. The Three Hares Illusion 78.The Evangelist
• 79. The Hate Preacher 80
• -89. The Vicar's Tea Party (ten short problems)
• 90. The Battle for Fractal Farm
• 91. Lorenz's Waterywheel
• 92. Statistics in the Firing Line
• 93. The Amazing Run of Luck
• 94. Mind's Eye
• 95. Pain is Good
• 96. Greed is Good
• 97. Sleeping Problems
• 98. Sleeping Man
• 99. Simple Universe
• 100. Problem of How to Get to 101
• 101. Problem of Existence. Discussions Glossary Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Does Farmer Field really know his prize cow, Daisy, is in the field? When is an unexpected exam not wholly unexpected? Are all bachelors (really) unmarried? Martin Cohen's 101 Philosophy Problems, Fourth Edition introduces philosophy in an entertaining but informative and stimulating way. Using philosophical puzzles, conundrums and paradoxes he skilfully unwraps some of the mysteries of the subject, from what we know - or think we know - to brainteasing thought experiments about ethics, science and the nature of the mind. For the Fourth Edition there are many new problems, including Maxwell's Moving Magnets, Einstein Changes Train Times, and Zeno's Paradox of Place; as well as two brand new sections including puzzles such as Lorenz's Waterywheel, and the Battle for Fractal Farm, and perplexing ethical dilemmas. The book has been extensively revised to bring it up to date with new developments in philosophy and society. With an updated glossary of helpful terms and possible solutions to the problems at the end of the book, 101 Philosophy Problems is essential reading for anyone coming to philosophy for the first time.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Problems of knowledge
• Mind matters
• Ethics
• Animal rights
• Logic and meaning
• Science
• Aesthetics
• Religion
• Politics, justice and society.

• Préface d'Alain Connes
• Premier survol temporel
• La durée
• Le présent
• La tension et le va-et-vient
• Les fibres
• Intermède musical
• Passage du temps, entropie, transmission
• Il y a partout du présent
• Le présent se "casse"
• Si rien ne passe, rien ne se passe
• Le passé
• Le futur n'est pas commandé
• Proust, un feuilletage du passé
• Temps vécu ou invivable
• Nostalgie
• Le symptôme bloque du temps
• L'attente et l'identité
• Sentir le temps
• Avoir du temps
• Existence du temps
• Le temps se compte et se raconte
• Temps et création
• Le temps de l'oeuvre, le moment Picasso,
• Temps et variabilité
• L'irrépétable
• Temps et inconscient
• Clinique du temps
• Le temps de la cure
• La fin de l'analyse
• Les objets-temps
• L'oeuvre d'art est un objet-temps
• L'autre temps n'est pas le temps apparent
• Intermède sur le vieillissement
• Déroulement héraclitéen
• Coïncidences et hasard
• Surréalisme
• Grillage de temps et institution
• Gens pressés et temps obsessionnel
• Arrêt du temps et angoisse
• L'après-coup
• Rituels, mythe et création
• Temps d'être
• Deux gestes temporels
• Le temps comme forme de l'être
• Le voyage et le temps
• Prises du temps
• Origine, coupure et loi.

"Le temps : quoi de plus familier ? quoi de plus insaisissable ? Daniel Sibony en donne dans ce livre des aperçus pénétrants. Il est question du temps complexe et rationalisé de la physique ou de la métaphysique, abordées sans lourdeur, mais non sans payer son tribut au mystère. Il est question aussi du temps de la mémoire et de la nostalgie, cet "effort pour remonter le désir épuisé vers les lieux d'autrefois où il était plein de lui-même ; comme des poissons remontent le flux vers des lieux où se reproduire". Au fil des pages, Daniel Sibony dit la place qu'occupe le temps dans nos vies : chacun est concerné, entre le désir de "prendre son temps", la crainte d'être "pris" par le temps et l'angoisse de vieillir. Le propos est riche des multiples ressources de l'auteur : mathématicien, physicien, théologien, psychanalyste exposant des cas très parlants. Avec un art consommé du verbe, il exploite en virtuose la façon propre qu'a le langage d'ensemencer et d'éclairer la réflexion. Rien d'étonnant si, dans sa préface, le grand mathématicien Alain Connes invite à lui prêter "la plus grande attention"."--Page 4 of cover.

"À la recherche du chiffre 1 est un carnet de voyage qui nous entraine dans les diverses pistes que l'auteur a empruntées à la recherche de sa propre identité. Il est le produit de questionnements multiples, d'interrogations et de fouilles dans les registres de la religion, la philosophie, l'art et la science. Le chiffre 1 est un ustensile de la pensée pour permettre à l'homme de se définir dans l'univers, de comprendre la réalité et quantifier l'éphémère."--Page 4 of cover.

"Faut-il accepter comme une loi de la raison que le réel exige en toutes circonstances une soumission plutôt qu'une invention ? Le réel est toujours ce qui se découvre au prix que le semblant qui nous subjugue soit arraché. Aujourd'hui, nous devons être convaincus qu'en dépit des deuils que la pensée nous impose, chercher ce qu'il y a de réel dans le réel peut être, est, une passion joyeuse."--P. [4] of cover.

• Allez savoir
• Modernité et crise du savoir (Weber Mannheim Husserl)
• La connaissance scientifique entre innovation et contraintes (Fleck)
• Vivre et connaître à l'essai (Canguilhem)
• Le parti pris de l'agir (Deligny)
• Oralité et/ou écriture (Ong)
• Entre les lignes (Ingold)
• Faire ligne
• Des forêts qui pensent (Kohn)
• S'orienter dans l'urgence (Latour)
• Rechercher la vérité : les leçons de la littérature.

"Les études présentées dans ce volume portent sur des sujets empruntés à des domaines très divers : ceux-ci mettent en jeu des questions concernant la vie, la réalité sociale, la connaissance dont le traitement relève en particulier des compétences de l'anthropologie, de l'histoire des sciences, de la philosophie, et même de la littérature qui s'est intéressée à sa façon à ces questions. Les traverse l'hypothèse suivante : les contenus auxquels ces questions se rapportent, si différents soient les plans sur lesquels ils se situent, ont en commun de n'exister qu'"à l'essai", c'est-à-dire en cours d'élaboration, en travail, dans l'effort, à la peine, à travers des formes inachevées, donc en étant confrontés en permanence au risque de la crise, ce qui n'empêche qu'ils soient entraînés dans un élan continu sans qu'on sache où celui-ci conduit ni même s'il conduit quelque part. Or, pour rendre compte de ces réalités en devenir, marquées d'incertitude à un certain degré, le mieux était de procéder identiquement "à l'essai", en lançant une dynamique d'investigation qui ne suive pas un chemin déjà tout tracé conformément à un idéal de rectitude. De là une démarche systématiquement sinueuse, appuyée sur des lectures pratiquées comme autant d'expérimentations qui mettent à l'épreuve, cas par cas, l'hypothèse de départ telle qu'elle vient d'être évoquée. Sont ainsi esquissés, pour voir, sous réserve d'examen, les linéaments d'une philosophie pratique qui permet d'évacuer certaines alternatives traditionnelles comme celles du réel et de la pensée, du corporel et du mental, des faits et des valeurs, de la nature et de la culture, de la nécessité et de la liberté."--Page 4 of cover.

For centuries philosophers have attached much importance to a priori knowledge, but recent work in epistemology and experimental philosophy has questioned this. Leading philosophers discuss explanations of the a priori, challenges to its existence, the status of intuition, and the justification of belief - topics at the centre of current debate.

"The distinction between the a priori and the a posteriori is an old and influential one. But both the distinction itself and the crucial notion of a priori knowledge face powerful philosophical challenges. Many philosophers worry that accepting the a priori is tantamount to accepting epistemic magic. In contract, this Element argues that the a priori can be formulated clearly, made respectable, and used to do important epistemological work. The author's conception of the a priori and its role falls short of what some historical proponents of the notion may have hoped for, but it allows us to accept and use the notion without abandoning either naturalism or empiricism, broadly understood. This Element argues that we can accept and use the a priori without magic"-- Provided by publisher

• Un anthropologue sur les chemins de traverse
• Collapsologue ou anthropologue ?
• Curiosité multiforme et démarche singulière
• La marche forcée du marché
• Une anthropologie philosophique
• Un philosophe continental chez les analytiques, ou l'inverse ?
• Logique et "réalité objective"
• La vérité, le locuteur et les affects
• Retour à l'échange, toujours l'échange
• Éteindre la lumière ou survivre ?
• La "mentalité primitive" ou le fondement d'un échange commercial
• Anthropologie de l'île d'Houat
• La transmission des savoirs
• La "vérité ordinaire"
• D'un monde finissant à un monde émergent
• Pourquoi, selon nous, les jumeaux ne sont pas des oiseaux
• La vérité et la réalité, notions problématiques
• Subissons-nous l'empreinte de l'écriture en tant que telle ?
• Le Mgos
• L'homme est un robot sentant
• Le projet d'une intelligence artificielle
• La prétendue "objectivité" des prix
• La formation de l'ordre social suivant les prix
• Intérêt égoïste contre bonne volonté
• Keynes aujourd'hui
• L'argent
• La taxation des opérations financières
• Les règles comptables
• La blockchain
• La guerre civile numérique
• Les blogs
• La collapsologie
• Notre comportement colonisateur.

"Responsable des crises économiques et environnementales catastrophiques qui l'affligent et menacent aujourd'hui de l'emporter, le genre humain est paradoxalement aussi un génie technologique dont les fruits de l'inventivité sont entrés dans une phase explosive faisant miroiter à la fois la promesse de l'immortalité individuelle et la déresponsabilisation par le transfert de la gestion des affaires à des machines. À quoi bon penser à l'heure où se profile à l'horizon la menace du remplacement de l'homme apprenti-sorcier par le robot, son héritier ? Paul Jorion a acquis sa réputation internationale en prévoyant la crise financière de 2008 et en étant conforté par les faits. Sa formation d'anthropologue et de sociologue, combinée à son goût pour les mathématiques et l'informatique, l'a conduit à jouer un rôle pionnier en anthropologie économique, en intelligence artificielle et en finance. Ses mises en garde sur le danger d'un effondrement ne relèvent en rien de la prophétie, elles s'appuient sur une expérience des processus culturels, économiques et technologiques, acquise sur le terrain. Elles mettent en accusation les choix politiques inconséquents débouchant sur un risque de collapse généralisé. Esprit libre et érudit, ignorant les approches disciplinaires "en silo-, Paul Jorion enrichit les outils de la pensée. Avec Franck Cormerais et Jacques Athanase Gilbert, il revient sur son parcours et sa démarche pour démontrer que seule une anthropologie radicale mobilisant la totalité du savoir que le genre humain a acquis sur son identité profonde est à même de prévenir son extinction."--Page 4 of cover.

• L'histoire de l'humain comme catastrophe écologique
• La catastrophe néolithique
• L'homme contre la Nature
• L'humanisme contre l'animal
• Une haine savante contre la Nature
• Substituer des machines aux êtres vivants
• L'élimination de l'animalité
• Des technologies autistes, schizophréniques et paranoïaques
• Machiner l'humain
• La préférence de l'homme pour des hommes artificiels : la parabole de James
• Le post-humain comme point final du désastre humaniste
• La honte prométhéenne de Ginther Anders
• Détruire non seulement la Nature mais aussi le souvenir qu'on pourrait en avoir
• A quoi sert donc l'humain ?
• Remettre l'homme à sa place
• Décaper la morale
• La ressource animiste
• Perspectivisme et multinaturalisme
• Immersion de l'humain dans un monde tragique.

"L'humanisme occidental a favorisé non seulement une coupure entre l'homme et la nature, mais il s'est construit sur une véritable haine vis-à-vis d'elle qui finit par s'appliquer à l'humain lui-même dans le rêve de le remplacer par des machines. Le post-humanisme contemporain réalise l'humanisme dans toute sa splendeur-ou plutôt dans son désastre : il achève le fantasme mortifère de l'autonomie de l'humain par rapport au monde. Nombreux sont les écrivains et les philosophes à avoir mis en garde contre les techniques; mais ils l'ont fait sur un registre moral, alors que l'enjeu est écologique et spirituel. Il faut assumer l'idée que l'homme et la nature sont ontologiquement consubstantiels. À quoi sert l'humain ? À tenir sa place dans le monde. Alternant les analyses philosophiques et les dialogues avec un penseur chinois atypique, cet essai profond, polémique et jubilatoire décloisonne l'héritage philosophique occidental en faisant appel à un animisme dont nous avons grand besoin aujourd'hui pour réapprendre à vivre dans ce monde."--P. [4] of cover.

"Peut-on cerner la vie que nous vivons, l'ici et le maintenant d'une vie, à vif sans qu'elle soit obscurcie par le concept comme l'a fait la science de Galilée à nos jours ? Peut-on penser la vie sans risquer de la perdre ? Michel Blay tente ici de montrer, faisant référence à la parole évangélique de Jean - en deçà de la tradition théologique dogmatique qui la dévoie -, à la mystique (Nicolas de Cues), à l'architecture de Suger qui tente de magnifier la lumière dans la construction des cathédrales, comment la vie peut s'exprimer sans la médiation du concept qui la prive de sa "vitalité". Ne nous désolons pas, n'espérons pas une autre vie, la vie est là, dans toute sa prégnance, et il suffit de se laisser envahir pour battre avec elle à l'unisson. C'est sans doute en se mettant à l'écoute des poètes que nous pouvons entendre cette vie que nous vivons, toute puissante, jaillissante, charnelle, et ainsi sentir à nouveau en soi son épiphanie : Prendre chair de l'oiseau, pour savoir le bonheur. Trouver toujours le monde entre son cri de peur et son ravissement.""--Page 4 of cover.

• LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
• PART I: FOUNDATIONAL ISSUES IN DE SE THOUGHT
• PART II: DE SE THOUGHT AND COMMUNICATION.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume addresses foundational issues concerning the nature of first-personal, or de se, thought and how such thoughts are communicated. One of the questions addressed is whether there is anything distinctive about first-person thought or whether it can be subsumed under broader phenomena. Many have held that first-person thought motivates a revision of traditional accounts of content or motivates positing special ways of accessing such contents. Gottlob Frege famously held that first-person thoughts involve a subject being 'presented to himself in a particular and primitive way, in which he is presented to no-one else.' However, as Frege also noted, this raises many puzzling questions when we consider how we are able to communicate such thoughts. Is there indeed something special about first-person thought such that it requires a primitive mode of presentation that cannot be grasped by others? If there really is something special about first-person thought, what happens when I communicate this thought to you? Do you come to believe the very thing that I believe? Or is my first-person belief only entertained by me? If it is only entertained by me, how does it relate to what you come to believe? It is these questions that the volume addresses and seeks to answer.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Chance, divine action, and the natural order of things / Karl W. Giberson
• Ancient Hebraic voices of chance and choice over fate and justice / Jennifer Michael Hecht
• Chance, uncertainty, and unknowability in the universe and beyond / John D. Barrow
• Random numbers and God's nature / James Bradley
• The natural science of Greek philosophy and the social science of Judaism become the super-providence of Paul / Sarah Ruden
• Chance and providence in the Islamic tradition / Mustafa Ruzgar
• Chance and providence in early Christianity / Richard W. Miller
• Thomas Aquinas on natural contingency and providence / Ignacio Silva
• Chance, sovereignty, and providence in the Calvinist tradition / Byung Soo (Paul) Han
• Jonathan Edwards and occasionalism / Oliver D. Crisp
• Divine providence in the clockwork universe / John Hedley Brooke
• Chance and providence in the thought of William Paley / Alister E. McGrath
• Evolution, providence, and the problem of chance / Peter Harrison
• Throwing dice? Thoughts of God in a quantum world / Shaun Henson
• Darwinian evolution and a providential God: the human problem / Michael Ruse
• Abraham's dice in the flow of life: the experience of the tragic and its theological interpretation / Reinhold Bernhardt.

Most of us believe everything happens for a reason. Whether it is "God's will, " "karma", or "fate, " we want to believe that an overarching purpose undergirds everything, and that nothing in the world, especially a disaster or tragedy, is a random, meaningless event. Abraham's Dice explores the interplay between chance and randomness, as well as between providence and divine action in the monotheistic religious traditions, looking at how their interaction has been conceptualized as our understanding of the workings of nature has changed. This lively historical conversation has generated intense and engaging theological debates, and provocative responses from science: what of the history of our universe, where chance and law have played out in complex ways? Or the evolution of life, where random mutations have challenged attempts to find purpose within evolution and convinced many that human beings are a "glorious accident." The enduring belief that everything happens for a reason is examined through a conversation with major scholars, among them holders of prestigious chairs at Oxford and Cambridge universities and the University of Basel, as well as several Gifford lecturers, and two Templeton prize winners. Now, as never before, confident scientific assertions that the world embodies a profound contingency are challenging theological claims that God acts providentially in the world. The random and meandering path of evolution is widely used as an argument that God did not create life. Organized historically, Abraham's Dice provides a wide-ranging scientific, theological, and biblical foundation to address the question of divine action in a world shot through with contingency.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Preface
• 1: Soft Parmenideanism
• 2: Negative Properties
• 3: Nonentities
• 4: Causation by Absence
• 5: Mere Possibilities
• 7: Perception of Absence
• 8: Empty Reference
• 9: Negative Truth
• 10: Negation and Denial
• 11: Negative Belief.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Nothing is not. Yet it seems that we invoke absences and nothings often in our philosophical explanations. Negative metaphysics is on the rise. It has been claimed that absences can be causes, there are negative properties, absences can be perceived, there are negative facts, and that we can refer to and speak about nothing. Parmenides long ago ruled against such things. Here we consider how much of Parmenides' view can survive. A soft Parmenidean methodology is adopted in which we aim to reject all supposed negative entities but are prepared to accept them, reluctantly, if they are indispensable and irreducible in our best theories. We then see whether there are any negative entities this survive this test. Some can be dismissed on metaphysical grounds but other problems are explained only once we reject another strand in Parmenides and show how we can think and talk about nothing. Accounts of perception of absence, empty reference, and denial are gathered. With these, we can show how no truthmakers are required for negative truths since we can have negative beliefs, concerning what-is-not, without what-is-not being part of what is. This supports a soft ontological Parmenideanism, which accepts much though not all of Parmenides' original position.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Puti absoli͡uta.
• Metafizika Blagoĭ Vesti.
• Misterii Evrazii.

What is time? This is one of the most fundamental questions we can ask. Traditionally, the answer was that time is a product of the human mind, or of the motion of celestial bodies. In the mid-seventeenth century, a new kind of answer emerged: time or eternal duration is 'absolute', in the sense that it is independent of human minds and material bodies. Emily Thomas explores the development of absolute time or eternal duration during one of Britain's richest and most creative metaphysical periods, from the 1640s to the 1730s. She introduces an interconnected set of main characters - Henry More, Walter Charleton, Isaac Barrow, Isaac Newton, John Locke, Samuel Clarke, and John Jackson - alongside a large and varied supporting cast, whose metaphysical views are all read in their historical context and given a place in the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century development of thought about time.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction
• 1. The Case for Platonism 2. The Abstract-Concrete Distinction 3. Paradox, Parsimony, and Infinite Regresses 4. Causal Concerns 5. Non-uniqueness 6. Modal Objections 7. Nominalist Options Conclusion. Glossary Bibliography Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Think of a number, any number, or properties like fragility and humanity. These and other abstract entities are radically different from concrete entities like electrons and elbows. While concrete entities are located in space and time, have causes and effects, and are known through empirical means, abstract entities like meanings and possibilities are remarkably different. They seem to be immutable and imperceptible and to exist "outside" of space and time. This book provides a comprehensive critical assessment of the problems raised by abstract entities and the debates about existence, truth, and knowledge that surround them. It sets out the key issues that inform the metaphysical disagreement between platonists who accept abstract entities and nominalists who deny abstract entities exist. Beginning with the essentials of the platonist-nominalist debate, it explores the key arguments and issues informing the contemporary debate over abstract reality: * arguments for platonism and their connections to semantics, science, and metaphysical explanation * the abstract-concrete distinction and views about the nature of abstract reality * epistemological puzzles surrounding our knowledge of mathematical entities and other abstract entities. * arguments for nominalism premised upon concerns about paradox, parsimony, infinite regresses, underdetermination, and causal isolation * nominalist options that seek to dispense with abstract entities. Including chapter summaries, annotated further reading, and a glossary, Abstract Entities is essential reading for anyone seeking a clear and authoritative introduction to the problems raised by abstract entities.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

The case for believing that there are abstract objects of various kinds, including those most discussed by philosophers, for example numbers and sets, is, in essence, very simple: we believe to be true many statements whose truth requires the existence of objects which, on any reasonable construal of the abstract/concrete distinction, are abstract. Familiar and plausible views concerning thought, reference and knowledge seem to leave no room for understanding abstract objects. Bob Hale develops the case for a broadly Fregean Platonism in this defence of a new view of abstract objects.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• PrefaceJose L. Falguera and Concha Martinez-Vidal
• 1. Introduction: Recent disputes on the existence on abstract objects: an overviewMatteo Plebani Part I. Enhanced Indispensability and Type Theorie
• s2. Purely Physical Explananda: Bistability in PerceptionSam Baron
• 3. Description, Explanation and Ontological CommitmentConcha Martinez-Vidal and Navia Rivas-de-Castro
• 4. Typed Object TheoryEdward Zalta Part II. Fictionalism or Realism in Philosophy of Mathematic
• s5. Contingent Abstract ObjectsOtavio Bueno
• 6. Is There a Fact of the Matter about the Existence of Abstract Objects?Mary Leng Part III. Fictionalism or Realism in Philosophy of Empirical Science
• s7. An ensemble-plus-standing-for account of scientific representation: no need for (unnecessary) abstract objectsJose A. Diez
• 8. The Nature of Scientific Models: Abstract Artifacts that Determine Fictional SystemsXavier de Donato-Rodriguez and Jose L. Falguera
• 9. The Scope and Power of Abstraction in ScienceStathis Psillos
• 10. Models and DenotationFiora Salis, Roman Frigg, and James Nguyen Part IV. Fictionalism or Realism in Philosophy of Languag
• e11. Fictional Co-identification: The Explanatory Lightweight of RealismManuel Garcia-Carpintero
• 12. What is the difference between Hamlet and me? Fiction, metaphysics and the nature of our moral thinkingSofia Miguens
• 13. Abstract Objects and the Core-Periphery Distinction in the Ontological and Conceptual Domain of Natural LanguageFriederike Moltmann
• 14. How to Vindicate (Fictional) CreationismAlberto Voltolini Part V. Fictionalism or Realism in Moral Philosophy and Philosophy of Art
• s15. Moral Folkism and the Deflation of (Lots of) Normative and MetaethicsMark Balaguer
• 16. Methodology in the ontology of artworks: exploring hermeneutic fictionalismElisa Caldarolo
• 17. A Realist-Friendly Argument for Moral Fictionalism: Perhaps You'd Better Not Believe ItChristopher Jay.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This volume examines the question "Do abstract objects exist?", presenting new work from contributing authors across different branches of philosophy. The introduction overviews philosophical debate which considers: what objects qualify as abstract, what do we mean by the word "exist" and indeed, what evidence should count in favor or against the thesis that abstract objects exist. Through subsequent chapters readers will discover the ubiquity of abstract objects as each philosophical field is considered. Given the ubiquitous use of expressions that purportedly refer to abstract objects, we think that it is relevant to attend to the controversy between those who want to advocate the existence of abstract objects and those who stand against them. Contributions to this volume depict positions and debates that directly or indirectly involve taking one position or other about abstract objects of different kinds and categories. The volume provides a variety of samples of how positions for or against abstract objects can be used in different areas of philosophy in relation to different matters.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• A one category ontology
• the problem of universals
• some general objections to trope theory
• the pattern of the properties
• relations, causation, space-time and compresence
• fields - dealing with the boundary problem
• the human and social worlds.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Many philosophers have held, explicitly or implicitly, that a comprehensive survey of the world's constituents would include the "cases" of qualities and relations which occur at particular places and times. It is not so common to affirm that such cases are themselves particulars in their own right, rather than deriving their particularity from their association with a substance. In this study the author contends that properties can be particulars and proposes a first philosophy which recognizes such particular properties, or tropes, as the sole fundamental category. He offers a new version of the Resemblance resolution of the Problems of the Universals, and also argues for theses about relations (Foundationism) and the basic physical properties (field theory) which are congenial to a trope philosophy, but are in large measure independent of it, having merits irrespective of the truth about properties in general. The final chapter points to the strengths of a trope analysis for the philosophy of the mind and of social phenpmena.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• I: THE ACCURACY ARGUMENT FOR PROBABILISM
• II: CHANCE-CREDENCE PRINCIPLES
• III: THE PRINCIPLE OF INDIFFERENCE
• IV: ACCURACY AND UPDATING.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Richard Pettigrew offers an extended investigation into a particular way of justifying the rational principles that govern our credences (or degrees of belief). The main principles that he justifies are the central tenets of Bayesian epistemology, though many other related principles are discussed along the way. These are: Probabilism, the claims that credences should obey the laws of probability; the Principal Principle, which says how credences in hypotheses about the objective chances should relate to credences in other propositions; the Principle of Indifference, which says that, in the absence of evidence, we should distribute our credences equally over all possibilities we entertain; and Conditionalization, the Bayesian account of how we should plan to respond when we receive new evidence. Ultimately, then, this book is a study in the foundations of Bayesianism. To justify these principles, Pettigrew looks to decision theory. He treats an agent's credences as if they were a choice she makes between different options, gives an account of the purely epistemic utility enjoyed by different sets of credences, and then appeals to the principles of decision theory to show that, when epistemic utility is measured in this way, the credences that violate the principles listed above are ruled out as irrational. The account of epistemic utility set out here is the veritist's: the sole fundamental source of epistemic utility for credences is their accuracy. Thus, Pettigrew conducts an investigation in the version of epistemic utility theory known as accuracy-first epistemology. The book can also be read as an extended reply on behalf of the veritist to the evidentialist's objection that veritism cannot account for certain evidential principles of credal rationality, such as the Principal Principle, the Principle of Indifference, and Conditionalization.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)