• Introduction The Problem of Cooperation * The Emergence Of Cooperation The Success of TIT for TAT in Computer Tournaments The Chronology of Cooperation * Cooperation Without Friendship Or Foresight The Live-and-Let-Live System in Trench Warfare in World War I The Evolution of Cooperation in Biological Systems (with William D. Hamilton) * Advice For Participants And Reformers How to Choose Effectively How to Promote Cooperation * Conclusions The Social Structure of Cooperation The Robustness of Reciprocity.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

This widely praised and much-discussed book explores how cooperation can emerge in a world of self-seeking egoistswhether superpowers, businesses, or individualswhen there is no central authority to police their actions..
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Introduction.-
• 2. The Role of Facial Appearance in Liking, Dating, and Marriage.- The Effects of Facial Appearance on Liking.- The Effects of Facial Appearance on Meeting and Dating.- The Role of Facial Appearance in Marriage.- Conclusion.-
• 3. The Effects of Facial Appearance in Persuasion, Politics, Employment, and Advertising.- Facial Appearance and Persuasion.- The Role of Facial Appearance in Politics.- The Role of Facial Appearance in Employment.- Facial Appearance and Advertising.- General Conclusion.-
• 4. Facial Appearance and the Criminal Justice System.- The Extent to Which People Expect a Relationship Between Facial Appearance and Criminality.- The Effects of Facial Appearance on Recognizability.- Is There, in Fact, a Relationship Between Facial Appearance and Criminality?.- Facial Appearance and Attributions of Responsibility.- The Effects of Facial Appearance on "Jurors".- Overall Conclusion.-
• 5. The Effects of Facial Appearance in the Educational System.- The Effects of Facial Appearance on Teachers' Expectations.- The Effects of Facial Appearance on Academic Work.- Is There Really a Relationship Between Facial Appearance and Academic Performance?.- The Effects of Teachers' Facial Appearance.- Conclusion.-
• 6. The Effects of Children's Facial Appearance on Adults and the Effects of Facial Appearance on Children.- Children's Facial Appearance and Their Disciplining.- Adults' Reactions to Infants' Facial Appearance.- At What Age Can Children Discriminate Facial Attractiveness?.- At What Age Do Children Demonstrate Stereotyping Based on Facial Appearance?.- Overall Conclusion.-
• 7. The Social Psychology of Facial Disfigurement.- The Birth and Development of Facially Disadvantaged Children.- A Historical Perspective on Disfigurement and Society.- Negative Stereotyping and Negative Attitudes Toward Disfigured Persons-Do They Exist?.- The Relationship Between Societal Values and the Demand for Cosmetic Surgery.- Social Interaction Involving Disfigured Persons.- What Are the Consequences of the Negative Reactions of Others?.- Studies of Helping Behavior Relevant to Facially Disfigured Persons.- The Behavior of Disfigured Persons Themselves.- Ways of Helping Facially Disfigured Persons.- Issues to Be Considered in Future Research.- Summary.-
• 8. How Can Psychologists Help Those Disadvantaged by Their Facial Appearance?.- Attitudes Toward Facially Disfigured Persons.- The Behavior and Attitudes of Facially Disadvantaged Persons.- Techniques of Attitude Change.- The Media-Enemies or Allies?.- How the Media Can Help.- The Provision of Health Services for Facially Disadvantaged Persons.- Ways of Offering Help Directly to Facially Disadvantaged People..- Conclusion.-
• 9. Some Final Remarks.- Other Studies Concerning the Social Psychological Aspects of Beauty.- What Is Facial Attractiveness?.- Individual Differences Between Perceivers.- Context Effects in Reactions to Faces.- Theoretical Explanations.- Further Points for Future Research.- References.- Author Index.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Several years ago Coleman (1981) reported that in 1979 one of the many in- ternational cosmetics companies had an annual sales figure of $2. 38 billion, nearly 1. 25 million sales representatives, and over 700 products, the majority of these being for the face. Cash and Cash (1982) noted that in 1979 U. S. consumers spent over $4 million on cosmetic products. They stated that, "Although this practice would seem to be a fascinating aspect of human be- havior on the basis of its generality and resilience, social-behavioral scientists have largely ignored the phenomenon so plainly (or pleasingly) in front of their eyes. " Why should people be so concerned with their facial appearance? Many psychologists have argued (e. g. , Kleck & Rubenstein, 1975) not only that facial information is usually the first that is available to the perceiver, but also that it is continuously available during social interaction. Maruyama and Miller (1981) stated that "appearance is often the first dimension upon which a stranger can be evaluated. Since people tend to see others as integrated and consistent units, rather than as collections of situation-specific behaviors, a potent and immediately evident basis for an evaluation, such as physical appearance, should intrude into and affect any overall and subsequent evalua- tion.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
This volume in the "Springer Series in Social Psychology" examines the role of facial appearance in social behavior focusing on types of behavior such as persuasion and criminality, as well as on such contexts of social interactions as school and the workplace. The authors also include a discussion of adults' reactions to infants' facial appearance and of the age at which children can discriminate facial attractiveness and demonstrate prejudiced behavior. The most recent research on facial disfigurement and the arguments revolving around the role that psychology can play in discouraging facial prejudice are treated at length. "The " "Social Psychology of Facial Appearance" collates for the first time, at an advanced level, psychologists' findings in the field over recent decades.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

Winner of the Pulitzer Prize, Guns, Germs, and Steel is a brilliant work answering the question of why the peoples of certain continents succeeded in invading other continents and conquering or displacing their peoples. This edition includes a new chapter on Japan and all-new illustrations drawn from the television series. Until around 11,000 BC, all peoples were still Stone Age hunter/gatherers. At that point, a great divide occurred in the rates that human societies evolved. In Eurasia, parts of the Americas, and Africa, farming became the prevailing mode of existence when indigenous wild plants and animals were domesticated by prehistoric planters and herders. As Jared Diamond vividly reveals, the very people who gained a head start in producing food would collide with preliterate cultures, shaping the modern world through conquest, displacement, and genocide.The paths that lead from scattered centers of food to broad bands of settlement had a great deal to do with climate and geography. But how did differences in societies arise? Why weren't native Australians, Americans, or Africans the ones to colonize Europe? Diamond dismantles pernicious racial theories tracing societal differences to biological differences. He assembles convincing evidence linking germs to domestication of animals, germs that Eurasians then spread in epidemic proportions in their voyages of discovery. In its sweep, Guns, Germs and Steel encompasses the rise of agriculture, technology, writing, government, and religion, providing a unifying theory of human history as intriguing as the histories of dinosaurs and glaciers.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• 1. Overview-- Part I. Graph Theory and Social Networks:
• 2. Graphs--
• 3. Strong and weak ties--
• 4. Networks in their surrounding contexts--
• 5. Positive and negative relationships-- Part II. Game Theory:
• 6. Games--
• 7. Evolutionary game theory--
• 8. Modeling network traffic using game theory--
• 9. Auctions-- Part III. Markets and Strategic Interaction in Networks:
• 10. Matching markets--
• 11. Network models of markets with intermediaries--
• 12. Bargaining and power in networks-- Part IV. Information Networks and the World Wide Web:
• 13. The structure of the Web--
• 14. Link analysis and Web search--
• 15. Sponsored search markets-- Part V. Network Dynamics: Population Models:
• 16. Information cascades--
• 17. Network effects--
• 18. Power laws and rich-get-richer phenomena-- Part VI. Network Dynamics: Structural Models:
• 19. Cascading behavior in networks--
• 20. The small-world phenomenon--
• 21. Epidemics-- Part VII. Institutions and Aggregate Behavior:
• 22. Markets and information--
• 23. Voting--
• 24. Property.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Are all film stars linked to Kevin Bacon? Why do the stock markets rise and fall sharply on the strength of a vague rumour? How does gossip spread so quickly? Are we all related through six degrees of separation? There is a growing awareness of the complex networks that pervade modern society. We see them in the rapid growth of the Internet, the ease of global communication, the swift spread of news and information, and in the way epidemics and financial crises develop with startling speed and intensity. This introductory book on the new science of networks takes an interdisciplinary approach, using economics, sociology, computing, information science and applied mathematics to address fundamental questions about the links that connect us, and the ways that our decisions can have consequences for others.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Introduction Tamas Szekely, Allen J. Moore and Jan Komdeur-- Part I. Foundations:
• 1. Nature-nurture interactions Marla B. Sokolowski and Joel D. Levine--
• 2. The quantitative genetics of social behaviour Bronwyn H. Bleakley, Jason B. Wolf and Allen J. Moore--
• 3. Social behaviour and bird-song from a neural and endocrine perspective Elizabeth Adkins-Regan, Timothy J. DeVoogd and Jordan M. Moore--
• 4. Evolutionary game theory John M. McNamara and Franz J. Weissing--
• 5. Recent advances in comparative methods Robert P. Freckleton and Mark Pagel--
• 6. Social evolution theory: a review of methods and approaches Tom Wenseleers, Andy Gardner and Kevin R. Foster-- Part II. Themes:
• 7. Aggression: towards an integration of gene, brain and behaviour Robert Huber and Edward A. Kravitz--
• 8. Social influences on communication signals: from honesty to exploitation Mark E. Hauber and Marlene Zuk--
• 9. Important topics in group living Jens Krause and Graeme Ruxton--
• 10. Sexual behaviour: conflict, cooperation and co-evolution Tomasso Pizzari and Russell Bonduriansky--
• 11. Pair bonds and parental behaviour Lisa McGraw, Tamas Szekely and Larry J. Young--
• 12. Adaptations and constraints in the evolution of delayed dispersal: implications for cooperation Jan Komdeur and Jan Ekman--
• 13. Social behaviour in microorganisms Kevin R. Foster--
• 14. Social environments, social tactics and their fitness consequences in complex mammalian societies Marion L. East and Heribert Hofer--
• 15. Social behaviour in humans Ruth Mace-- Part III. Implications:
• 16. Personality and individual social specialisation Denis Reale and Niels J. Dingemanse--
• 17. Molecular and genetic influences on the neural substrate of social cognition in humans Louise Gallagher and David Skuse--
• 18. Population density, social behaviour and sex allocation Suzanne H. Alonzo and Ben C. Sheldon--
• 19. Social behaviour and speciation Gerald S. Wilkinson and Leanna M. Birge--
• 20. Social behaviour in conservation Daniel T. Blumstein--
• 21. Prospects for research in social behaviour: systems biology meets behaviour Allen J. Moore, Tamas Szekely and Jan Komdeur-- Part IV. Profiles:
• 22. Undiminished passion Tim Birkhead--
• 23. Social evolution, sexual intrigue and serendipity Andrew Cockburn--
• 24. Mating systems: integrating sexual conflict and ecology Nicholas B. Davies--
• 25. In love with Ropalidia marginata - for 34 years, and still going strong Raghavendra Gadagkar--
• 26. The Huddler's Dilemma: a cold shoulder or a warm inner glow David Haig--
• 27. Multi-component signals in ant communication Bert Hoelldobler--
• 28. What's wrong with this picture? Sarah B. Hrdy--
• 29. From behavioural observations, to genes, to evolution Laurent Keller--
• 30. Reputation can make the world go round - or why we are sometimes social Manfred Milinski--
• 31. A haphazard career Ronald Noe--
• 32. In celebration of questions, past, present and future Geoff A. Parker--
• 33. Mating systems and genetic variation Marion Petrie--
• 34. Selections from a life in social selection David C. Queller--
• 35. The de novo evolution of cooperation: an unlikely event Paul B. Rainey--
• 36. Evolutionary genetics and social behaviour Mike Ritchie--
• 37. Genes and social behaviour: from gene to genome to 1000 animal genomes Gene E. Robinson--
• 38. Behavioural ecology, why do I love thee? Let me count the ways Paul W. Sherman--
• 39. Anonymous (and other) social experience and the evolution of cooperation by reciprocity Michael Taborsky--
• 40. Social theory based on natural selection Robert Trivers--
• 41. Look to the ants Edward O. Wilson--
• 42. The handicap principle and social behaviour Amotz Zahavi .
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Humans live in large and extensive societies and spend much of their time interacting socially. Likewise, most other animals also interact socially. Social behaviour is of constant fascination to biologists and psychologists of many disciplines, from behavioural ecology to comparative biology and sociobiology. The two major approaches used to study social behaviour involve either the mechanism of behaviour - where it has come from and how it has evolved, or the function of the behaviour studied. With guest articles from leaders in the field, theoretical foundations along with recent advances are presented to give a truly multidisciplinary overview of social behaviour, for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Topics include aggression, communication, group living, sexual behaviour and co-operative breeding. With examples ranging from bacteria to social mammals and humans, a variety of research tools are used, including candidate gene approaches, quantitative genetics, neuro-endocrine studies, cost-benefit and phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary game theory.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Meet the cafeteria fringe
• Late summer to early fall: the popularity myth. Quirk theory and the secret of popularity
• Why are popular people mean?
• Fall: why quirk theory works. In the shadow of the freak tree
• It's good to be the cafeteria fringe
• Winter: outcast profiling and other dangers. Challenges
• Misperceptions
• Late winter to early spring: being excluded doesn't mean that anything's wrong with you. A brief introduction to group psychology
• Why labels stick: the motivations of the normal police
• Spring: quirk theory's origins: why these issues are hardest in school. Changing perceptions
• Two steps forward, one step back
• Late spring to early summer: popular vs. outcast. Popularity doesn't lead to happiness
• The rise of the cafeteria fringe
• Cafeteria fringe: lucky and free.

In her book, Alexandra Robbins explores the ways group identity theories play out among cliques - and the students they exclude. She reveals the new labels students stick onto each other today, the long-term effects of this marginalization, and the reasons students falling under these categories are often shunned.

• Who are we?
• The brains' passion
• Broken hearts and broken legs
• Fairness tastes like chocolate
• Mental magic tricks
• Mirror mirror
• Peaks and valleys
• Trojan horse selves
• Panoptic self-control
• Educating the social brain
• Epilogue.

Data Gathering, Analysis and Protection of Privacy through Randomized Response Techniques: Qualitative and Quantitative Human Traits tackles how to gather and analyze data relating to stigmatizing human traits. S.L. Warner invented RRT and published it in JASA, 1965. In the 50 years since, the subject has grown tremendously, with continued growth. This book comprehensively consolidates the literature to commemorate the inception of RR. * Brings together all relevant aspects of randomized response and indirect questioning* Tackles how to gather and analyze data relating to stigmatizing human traits* Gives an encyclopedic coverage of the topic* Covers recent developments and extrapolates to future trends.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

• Table of Contents
• Introduction
• A Nation of Explainers
• Chapter One
• Higher Education: The Customer is Always Right
• Chapter Two
• Let me Google That for You: The Impact of the Internet
• Chapter Three
• History is Bunk, and So is Science: How Conversation Became Exhausting
• Chapter Four
• The New Journalism - and New Journalists
• Chapter Five
• Don't Blame Us: Why Expertise and Policy Aren't the Same Thing
• Chapter Six
• When the Experts are Wrong
• Conclusion
• Democracy, Expertise, and Citizenship.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

People are now exposed to more information than ever before, provided both by technology and by increasing access to every level of education. These societal gains, however, have also helped fuel a surge in narcissistic and misguided intellectual egalitarianism that has crippled informed debates on any number of issues. Today, everyone knows everything: with only a quick trip through WebMD or Wikipedia, average citizens believe themselves to be on an equal intellectual footing with doctors and diplomats. All voices, even the most ridiculous, demand to be taken with equal seriousness, and any claim to the contrary is dismissed as undemocratic elitism. As Tom Nichols shows in The Death of Expertise, this rejection of experts has occurred for many reasons, including the openness of the internet, the emergence of a customer satisfaction model in higher education, and the transformation of the news industry into a 24-hour entertainment machine. Paradoxically, the increasingly democratic dissemination of information, rather than producing an educated public, has instead created an army of ill-informed and angry citizens who denounce intellectual achievement. Nichols has deeper concerns than the current rejection of expertise and learning, noting that when ordinary citizens believe that no one knows more than anyone else, democratic institutions themselves are in danger of falling either to populism or to technocracy-or in the worst case, a combination of both. The Death of Expertise is not only an exploration of a dangerous phenomenon but also a warning about the stability and survival of modern democracy in the Information Age.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)

"An urgent and expert investigation into behavioral addiction, the dark flipside of today's unavoidable digital technologies, and how we can turn the tide to regain control...Tracing the very notion of addiction through history right up until the present day, Alter shows that we're only just beginning to understand the epidemic of behavioral addiction gripping society..."-- Provided by publisher.
"Welcome to the age of behavioral addiction--an age in which half of the American population is addicted to at least one behavior. We obsess over our emails, Instagram likes, and Facebook feeds; we binge on TV episodes and YouTube videos; we work longer hours each year; and we spend an average of three hours each day using our smartphones. Half of us would rather suffer a broken bone than a broken phone, and Millennial kids spend so much time in front of screens that they struggle to interact with real, live humans. In this revolutionary book, Adam Alter, a professor of psychology and marketing at New York University, tracks the rise of behavioral addiction, and explains why so many of today's products are irresistible. Though these miraculous products melt the miles that separate people across the globe, their extraordinary and sometimes damaging magnetism is no accident. The companies that design these products tweak them over time until they become almost impossible to resist. By reverse engineering behavioral addiction, Alter explains how we can harness addictive products for the good--to improve how we communicate with each other, spend and save our money, and set boundaries between work and play--and how we can mitigate their most damaging effects on our well-being, and the health and happiness of our children."--Jacket.

• Chapter One: Introduction[-]Chapter Two: Defining a 'Knowledge Society'[-]Chapter Three: Visions of Open Data[-]Chapter Four: Mobilizing Open Data[-]Chapter Five: Institutions in the Data Ecosystem: Actors in the Public Knowledge Domain and in Private Data Companies[-]Chapter Six: Mobilizing Data: Scientific Disciplines, Scientific Practice, and Making Research Data Open[-]Chapter Seven: Mobilizing Data: Environmental Data, Technical and Governance Issues[-]Chapter Eight: Navigating Legal and Ethical Regulatory Frameworks[-]Chapter Nine: Big Data, Open Data, and the Commercial Sector.
• (source: Nielsen Book Data)

Open access, data, knowledge, open data movement.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)